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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Designer_food" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Designer_food"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Designer food</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Designer_food-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-European_Union" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#European_Union"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span 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class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Canada</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-China" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#China"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>China</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-China-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul 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class="mw-page-title-main">Novel food</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nye_f%C3%B8devarer" title="Nye fødevarer – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Nye fødevarer" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novel_Food" title="Novel Food – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Novel Food" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uuendtoit" title="Uuendtoit – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Uuendtoit" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuevos_alimentos" 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class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Food that does not have a significant history of consumption</div> <p> A <b>novel food</b> is a type of <a href="/wiki/Food" title="Food">food</a> that does not have a significant history of consumption or is produced by a method that has not previously been used for food. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Designer_food">Designer food</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Novel_food&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Designer food"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Designer food</b> is a type of novel food that has not existed on any regional or global consumer market before. Instead it has been "designed" using <a href="/wiki/Biotechnological" class="mw-redirect" title="Biotechnological">biotechnological</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bioengineering" class="mw-redirect" title="Bioengineering">bioengineering</a> methods (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Genetically_modified_food" title="Genetically modified food">genetically modified food</a>) or "enhanced" using engineered additives. Examples like designer egg, designer milk, designer grains, <a href="/wiki/Probiotic" title="Probiotic">probiotics</a>, and enrichment with <a href="/wiki/Micronutrient" title="Micronutrient">micro</a>- and <a href="/wiki/Macronutrient" class="mw-redirect" title="Macronutrient">macronutrients</a> and <a href="/wiki/Designer_protein" class="mw-redirect" title="Designer protein">designer proteins</a> have been cited. The enhancement process is called <a href="/wiki/Food_fortification" title="Food fortification">food fortification</a> or <a href="/wiki/Nutrification" class="mw-redirect" title="Nutrification">nutrification</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Rajasekaran_Kalaivani_pp._1–16_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rajasekaran_Kalaivani_pp._1–16-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Finley_1996_pp._213–220_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Finley_1996_pp._213–220-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Designer novel food often comes with sometimes unproven <a href="/wiki/Health_claim" title="Health claim">health claims</a> ("<a href="/wiki/Superfood" title="Superfood">superfoods</a>"). </p><p>Designer food is distinguished from <a href="/wiki/Food_design" class="mw-redirect" title="Food design">food design</a>, the aesthetic arrangement of food items for marketing purposes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="European_Union">European Union</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Novel_food&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: European Union"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Novel foods or novel food <a href="/wiki/Ingredient" title="Ingredient">ingredients</a> have no history of "significant" consumption in the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> prior to 15 May 1997. Any food or food ingredient that falls within this definition must be authorised according to the Novel Food legislation, Regulation (EC) No 258/97 of the <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a> and of the <a href="/wiki/European_Council" title="European Council">Council</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Applicants can consult the guidance document compiled by the <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which highlights the scientific information and the safety assessment report required in each case. </p><p>The Novel Food regulation stipulates that foods and food ingredients falling within the scope of this regulation must not: </p> <ul><li>present a danger for the consumer;</li> <li>mislead the consumer; or</li> <li>differ from foods or food ingredients which they are intended to replace to such an extent that their normal consumption would be nutritionally disadvantageous for the consumer.</li></ul> <p>There are two possible routes for authorization under the Novel Food legislation: a full application and a simplified application. The simplified application route is only applicable where the EU member national competent authority, e.g. <a href="/wiki/Food_Standards_Agency" title="Food Standards Agency">Food Standards Agency</a> (FSA) in the UK, believes that the novel food in question is substantially equivalent to an existing food or food ingredient.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There have been a number of products launched as a result of food or food ingredients authorised under the Novel Food legislation. <a href="/wiki/Benecol" title="Benecol">Benecol</a>, containing phytostanols<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Flora ProActiv, containing <a href="/wiki/Phytosterol" title="Phytosterol">phytosterols</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are commercially successful products that help to reduce <a href="/wiki/Cholesterol" title="Cholesterol">cholesterol</a> levels. </p><p>Originally, the Novel Food legislation was conceived by the European Commission in response to the arrival of food products derived from <a href="/wiki/GM_crop" class="mw-redirect" title="GM crop">GM crops</a>. These types of GM derived food are now regulated by separate legislation, Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and of the council.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In its current format, exotic fruit and vegetables, which have a long history of safe use outside of the European Union, fall within the definition of a novel food. As a consequence, each of these food products must undergo a safety assessment prior to being marketed. This has long been an issue of contention for food manufacturers and producers outside the EU who view this as an economic <a href="/wiki/Trade_barrier" title="Trade barrier">trade barrier</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A good example of this situation can be illustrated with baobab (<i><a href="/wiki/Adansonia_digitata" title="Adansonia digitata">Adansonia digitata</a></i>). This fruit is wild-harvested across Southern Africa and has a long history of use as a food amongst the indigenous tribes in this continent. Nonetheless, Baobab Dried Fruit Pulp required authorisation under the Novel Food legislation before any food products containing this ingredient could be marketed in the EU.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Baobab Dried Fruit Pulp novel food application, pioneered by <a href="/wiki/John_Wilkinson_(scientist)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Wilkinson (scientist)">John Wilkinson</a>, a botanical regulatory consultant (together with his client Phytotrade Africa) was also the first successful submission to demonstrate safety without the need for animal testing. Instead, this application used the history of use alongside detailed analyses of the nutritional and <a href="/wiki/Phytochemical" title="Phytochemical">phytochemical</a> components in Baobab to demonstrate safety.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This has lowered the costs for approval from an average of €10 million to less than €100,000 and thus opened the EU to access non-Western fruits, vegetables and <a href="/wiki/Nutraceutical" title="Nutraceutical">nutraceuticals</a> while at the same time saving unnecessary animal testing. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Revision_of_the_EU_novel_food_regulation">Revision of the EU novel food regulation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Novel_food&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Revision of the EU novel food regulation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2008, the European Parliament, European Commission, and <a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_European_Union" title="Council of the European Union">Council of the European Union</a> began talks to revise the regulation because it was accepted that essential elements needed to be discussed and resolved.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, the revision came to a standstill on 28 March 2011 when the three Institutions failed to reach agreement at a final conciliation meeting on the issue of cloning.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Disagreement centred on the European Parliament being in favour of a total EU market ban on foods from clones and their offspring/descendants, while some members of the Council of the European Union were not in favour as they considered offspring to be bred using normal (or traditional) methods, therefore not falling under the definition of a novel food.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the European Parliament, it had tried to compromise, backing down on demands for a full ban on food from cloned animals and their descendants, to mandatory labelling of all food products from clones and their offspring as a bare minimum.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Council of the European Union decided that the solution presented by the European Parliament could not be implemented in practice because it would not be in compliance with the international trade rules that the European Union has signed.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unable to move things forward, the Commission gave up the revision process for the time being.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the 2011 standstill, the Commission decided to table a new proposal in December 2013, limiting its scope to the safety of novel foods, where a general agreement had already been reached in the previous dealing, while deferring the cloning issue to separate legislation. This time, negotiations eventually proved successful,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Novel Food Regulation (EC) No. 2015/2283<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was finally approved in November 2015, and entered into force on 1 January 2018, following the adoption by the Commission of required implementation acts. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Canada">Canada</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Novel_food&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Canada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, novel foods are regulated under the Novel Foods Regulations. The regulations define novel food as: </p> <ul><li>Products that have never been used as food;</li> <li>Foods that result from a process that has not been previously used for food; or</li> <li>Foods that have undergone genetic modification and have new traits.</li></ul> <p>The Novel Foods Regulation requires that a company wanting to sell a novel food notify Health Canada prior to marketing or advertising the product. Pre-market notification permits Health Canada to conduct a thorough safety assessment of all <a href="/wiki/Genetically_modified_food" title="Genetically modified food">biotechnology-derived foods</a> to demonstrate that a novel food is safe and nutritious before it is allowed in the Canadian marketplace.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To date, more than 90 novel foods have been approved for sale in Canada including a number of <a href="/wiki/Canola" class="mw-redirect" title="Canola">canola</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maize" title="Maize">corn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cottonseed" title="Cottonseed">cottonseed</a> and <a href="/wiki/Flax" title="Flax">flax</a> crop lines. Some of the novel traits include herbicide tolerance and pest and disease resistance. In spite of the benefits brought about by the development of novel foods, there are also a number of concerns that have been raised concerning their potential impact on the environment and on human health and safety.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="China">China</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Novel_food&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: China"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>China maintains a list of novel foods including <i><a href="/wiki/Cordyceps_militaris" title="Cordyceps militaris">Cordyceps militaris</a></i> fruiting body, <i><a href="/wiki/Moringa_oleifera" title="Moringa oleifera">Moringa oleifera</a></i> leaf, <a href="/wiki/Inulin" title="Inulin">inulin</a>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Lactiplantibacillus_plantarum" title="Lactiplantibacillus plantarum">Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</a></i>, totalling 149 items as of December 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A number of <a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_medicine" title="Traditional Chinese medicine">traditional Chinese medicine</a> substances traditionally used in <a href="/wiki/Chinese_food_therapy" title="Chinese food therapy">Chinese food therapy</a> are separately approved as food in the "both food and Chinese medicine according to tradition" (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">按照传统既是食物又是中药材</span></span>) lists, commonly known as the "medicine and food, same origin" (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8D%AF%E9%A3%9F%E5%90%8C%E6%BA%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="药食同源 (page does not exist)">药食同源</a></span></span>) lists. Some of these, including <i><a href="/wiki/Angelica_sinensis" title="Angelica sinensis">Angelica sinensis</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Cistanche_deserticola" title="Cistanche deserticola">Cistanche deserticola</a></i>, and <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dendrobium_officinale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dendrobium officinale (page does not exist)">Dendrobium officinale</a></i> have previously been listed as "novel food". Some other novel foods have later found proof of traditional use and have been re-approved as regular ingredients.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Novel_food&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Generally_recognized_as_safe" title="Generally recognized as safe">Generally recognized as safe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Substantial_equivalence" title="Substantial equivalence">Substantial equivalence</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Novel_food&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Rajasekaran_Kalaivani_pp._1–16-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Rajasekaran_Kalaivani_pp._1–16_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFRajasekaranKalaivani2012" class="citation journal cs1">Rajasekaran, A.; Kalaivani, M. (22 May 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3550947">"Designer foods and their benefits: A review"</a>. <i>Journal of Food Science and Technology</i>. <b>50</b> (1). Springer Nature: <span class="nowrap">1–</span>16. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs13197-012-0726-8">10.1007/s13197-012-0726-8</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0022-1155">0022-1155</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3550947">3550947</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24425882">24425882</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Designer+foods+and+their+benefits%3A+A+review&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1-%3C%2Fspan%3E16&rft.date=2012-05-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3550947%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=0022-1155&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F24425882&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs13197-012-0726-8&rft.aulast=Rajasekaran&rft.aufirst=A.&rft.au=Kalaivani%2C+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3550947&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANovel+food" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Finley_1996_pp._213–220-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Finley_1996_pp._213–220_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFinley1996" class="citation book cs1">Finley, John W. (1996). "Designer Foods". <i>Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology</i>. Vol. 401. Boston, MA: Springer US. pp. <span class="nowrap">213–</span>220. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-1-4613-0399-2_19">10.1007/978-1-4613-0399-2_19</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4613-8034-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4613-8034-4"><bdi>978-1-4613-8034-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0065-2598">0065-2598</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Designer+Foods&rft.btitle=Advances+in+Experimental+Medicine+and+Biology&rft.place=Boston%2C+MA&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E213-%3C%2Fspan%3E220&rft.pub=Springer+US&rft.date=1996&rft.issn=0065-2598&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-1-4613-0399-2_19&rft.isbn=978-1-4613-8034-4&rft.aulast=Finley&rft.aufirst=John+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANovel+food" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31997R0258">Regulation (EC) No 258/97 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 January 1997 concerning novel foods and novel food ingredients</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31997H0618">97/618/EC: Commission Recommendation of 29 July 1997 concerning the scientific aspects and the presentation of information necessary to support applications for the placing on the market of novel foods and novel food ingredients and the preparation of initial assessment reports under Regulation (EC) No 258/97 of the European Parliament and of the Council</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ec.europa.eu/food/safety/novel_food_en">"Novel food"</a>. <i>Food Safety - European Commission</i>. 17 October 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Food+Safety+-+European+Commission&rft.atitle=Novel+food&rft.date=2016-10-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Ffood%2Fsafety%2Fnovel_food_en&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANovel+food" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32004D0333">2004/333/EC: Commission Decision of 31 March 2004 authorising the placing on the market of yellow fat spreads, salad dressings, milk type products, fermented milk type products, soya drinks and cheese type products with added phytosterols/phytostanols as novel foods or novel food ingredients under Regulation (EC) No 258/97 of the European Parliament and of the Council (notified under document number C(2004) 1243)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32000D0500">2000/500/EC: Commission Decision of 24 July 2000 on authorising the placing on the market of 'yellow fat spreads with added phytosterol esters' as a novel food or novel food ingredient under Regulation (EC) No 258/97 of the European Parliament and of the Council (notified under document number C(2000) 2121)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32004D0335">2004/335/EC: Commission Decision of 31 March 2004 authorising the placing on the market of milk type products and yoghurt type products with added phytosterol esters as novel food ingredients under Regulation (EC) No 258/97 of the European Parliament and of the Council (notified under document number C(2004) 1245)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32003R1829">Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2003 on genetically modified food and feed (Text with EEA relevance)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHermann2009" class="citation journal cs1">Hermann, Michael (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120426004959/http://www.biomega.eu/deutschland/plaintext/downloads/090815-the-impact-of-the-european-novel-food-r.pdf">"The impact of the European Novel Food Regulation on trade and food innovation based on traditional plant foods from developing countries"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Food Policy</i>. <b>34</b> (6): <span class="nowrap">499–</span>507. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.foodpol.2009.08.005">10.1016/j.foodpol.2009.08.005</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biomega.eu/deutschland/plaintext/downloads/090815-the-impact-of-the-european-novel-food-r.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 26 April 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biotrade.org/BTFP/btfp-novelfoods.htm">the original</a> on 1 March 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=biotrade.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biotrade.org%2FBTFP%2Fbtfp-novelfoods.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANovel+food" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20080603122942/http://www.acnfp.gov.uk/assess/fullapplics/baobab">"ACNFP: Baobab dried fruit pulp"</a>. <i>webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk</i>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.europarl.europa.eu/en/pressroom/content/20110328IPR16525/html/Novel-Foods-talks-collapse-on-Council-refusal-to-label-clone-derived-products">the original</a> on 2 April 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Statement+from+the+Parliament+on+the+collapse+of+the+novel+foods+talks&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europarl.europa.eu%2Fen%2Fpressroom%2Fcontent%2F20110328IPR16525%2Fhtml%2FNovel-Foods-talks-collapse-on-Council-refusal-to-label-clone-derived-products&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANovel+food" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.consilium.europa.eu/App/Search/searchMeta.aspx?id=1&lang=EN&searchterm=novel+food">"Statement from the Council on failure of conciliation on novel foods"</a>. <i>www.consilium.europa.eu</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.consilium.europa.eu&rft.atitle=Statement+from+the+Council+on+failure+of+conciliation+on+novel+foods&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.consilium.europa.eu%2FApp%2FSearch%2FsearchMeta.aspx%3Fid%3D1%26lang%3DEN%26searchterm%3Dnovel%2Bfood&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANovel+food" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged March 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.consilium.europa.eu/App/Search/searchMeta.aspx?id=1&lang=EN&searchterm=novel+food">"Council statement on the failure of conciliation on novel foods"</a>. <i>www.consilium.europa.eu</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.consilium.europa.eu&rft.atitle=Council+statement+on+the+failure+of+conciliation+on+novel+foods&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.consilium.europa.eu%2FApp%2FSearch%2FsearchMeta.aspx%3Fid%3D1%26lang%3DEN%26searchterm%3Dnovel%2Bfood&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANovel+food" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged March 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.euractiv.com/section/agriculture-food/news/novel-foods-review-stumbles-over-cloning/">"Novel foods review stumbles over cloning"</a>. 29 March 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Novel+foods+review+stumbles+over+cloning&rft.date=2011-03-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.euractiv.com%2Fsection%2Fagriculture-food%2Fnews%2Fnovel-foods-review-stumbles-over-cloning%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANovel+food" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichalopoulos2015" class="citation web cs1">Michalopoulos, Sarantis (4 November 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.euractiv.com/section/agriculture-food/news/parliament-vote-on-novel-foods-heats-up-cloned-animals-debate/">"Parliament vote on novel foods heats up cloned animals debate"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Parliament+vote+on+novel+foods+heats+up+cloned+animals+debate&rft.date=2015-11-04&rft.aulast=Michalopoulos&rft.aufirst=Sarantis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.euractiv.com%2Fsection%2Fagriculture-food%2Fnews%2Fparliament-vote-on-novel-foods-heats-up-cloned-animals-debate%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANovel+food" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32015R2283">Regulation (EU) 2015/2283 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 November 2015 on novel foods, amending Regulation (EU) No 1169/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council and repealing Regulation (EC) No 258/97 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Commission Regulation (EC) No 1852/2001</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/food-nutrition/genetically-modified-foods-other-novel-foods/factsheets-frequently-asked-questions.html">"Factsheets and Frequently Asked Questions - Genetically Modified Foods and Other Novel Foods"</a>. <i>aem</i>. Health Canada. 27 July 2003.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=aem&rft.atitle=Factsheets+and+Frequently+Asked+Questions+-+Genetically+Modified+Foods+and+Other+Novel+Foods&rft.date=2003-07-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.canada.ca%2Fen%2Fhealth-canada%2Fservices%2Ffood-nutrition%2Fgenetically-modified-foods-other-novel-foods%2Ffactsheets-frequently-asked-questions.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANovel+food" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeijing_Zhongjian_Tianxing_Medical_Technology" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Beijing Zhongjian Tianxing Medical Technology. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sohu.com/a/745287432_120007881">"【收藏】国家卫健委新食品原料名单最全汇总（截止2023年12月）_公告_杆菌_资源"</a> [Compilation of Novel Food notifications by the National Health Commission (ending at Dec 2023)]. <i>www.sohu.com</i> (in Chinese).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sohu.com&rft.atitle=%E3%80%90%E6%94%B6%E8%97%8F%E3%80%91%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%8D%AB%E5%81%A5%E5%A7%94%E6%96%B0%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%8E%9F%E6%96%99%E5%90%8D%E5%8D%95%E6%9C%80%E5%85%A8%E6%B1%87%E6%80%BB%EF%BC%88%E6%88%AA%E6%AD%A22023%E5%B9%B412%E6%9C%88%EF%BC%89_%E5%85%AC%E5%91%8A_%E6%9D%86%E8%8F%8C_%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90&rft.au=Beijing+Zhongjian+Tianxing+Medical+Technology&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sohu.com%2Fa%2F745287432_120007881&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANovel+food" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREF云南润苍生科技" class="citation web cs1">云南润苍生科技. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/632189457">"新资源食品和药食同源物质有什么区别？附2023新食品原料（新资源食品）目录"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%96%B0%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%92%8C%E8%8D%AF%E9%A3%9F%E5%90%8C%E6%BA%90%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8%E6%9C%89%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%AB%EF%BC%9F%E9%99%842023%E6%96%B0%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%8E%9F%E6%96%99%EF%BC%88%E6%96%B0%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%EF%BC%89%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95&rft.au=%E4%BA%91%E5%8D%97%E6%B6%A6%E8%8B%8D%E7%94%9F%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzhuanlan.zhihu.com%2Fp%2F632189457&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANovel+food" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Novel_food&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/consumers/consumer_safety/l21119_en.htm">Summaries of EU legislation > Consumers > Consumer safety > Novel foods and novel food ingredients</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:31997R0258:EN:NOT">Text of Regulation (EC) No 258/97 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 January 1997 concerning novel foods and novel food ingredients</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111016152455/http://www.eas.eu/News_Item/678">Overview of the breakdown of the novel food discussions</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bioversityinternational.org/index.php?itemid=1153"><i>The EU Novel Food Regulation: an unintended trade barrier</i></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+EU+Novel+Food+Regulation%3A+an+unintended+trade+barrier&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bioversityinternational.org%2Findex.php%3Fitemid%3D1153&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANovel+food" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged August 2010">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span 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