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id="toc-2004_general_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul 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.geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Supreme_Court_of_Puerto_Rico&params=18_27_47_N_66_5_18_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">18°27′47″N</span> <span class="longitude">66°5′18″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">18.46306°N 66.08833°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">18.46306; -66.08833</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Supreme Court of the U.S. territory of Puerto Rico</div> <p> <span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Supreme_Court_of_Puerto_Rico&params=18_27_47_N_66_5_18_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">18°27′47″N</span> <span class="longitude">66°5′18″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">18.46306°N 66.08833°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">18.46306; -66.08833</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #Ededed;">Supreme Court of Puerto Rico</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="padding-bottom:0.4em; border-bottom:solid 1px #aaa;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tribunal_Supremo_de_Puerto_Rico_(emblem).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cc/Tribunal_Supremo_de_Puerto_Rico_%28emblem%29.png/150px-Tribunal_Supremo_de_Puerto_Rico_%28emblem%29.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cc/Tribunal_Supremo_de_Puerto_Rico_%28emblem%29.png/225px-Tribunal_Supremo_de_Puerto_Rico_%28emblem%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cc/Tribunal_Supremo_de_Puerto_Rico_%28emblem%29.png/300px-Tribunal_Supremo_de_Puerto_Rico_%28emblem%29.png 2x" data-file-width="316" data-file-height="316" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1900<span class="noprint">; 124 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1900</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Jurisdiction</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/San_Juan,_Puerto_Rico" title="San Juan, Puerto Rico">San Juan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Composition method</th><td class="infobox-data">Appointed by the <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Governor of Puerto Rico">Governor of Puerto Rico</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Advice_and_consent" title="Advice and consent">advice and consent</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Senate of Puerto Rico">Senate</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Authorised by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Constitution of Puerto Rico">Constitution of Puerto Rico</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Appellate_court" title="Appellate court">Appeals to</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court of the United States</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Judge term length</th><td class="infobox-data">Justices serve until they reach 70 years of age</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Number of positions</th><td class="infobox-data">9</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://poderjudicial.pr/">poderjudicial<wbr />.pr</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #Ededed;">Chief Justice</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Currently</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Maite_Oronoz_Rodr%C3%ADguez" title="Maite Oronoz Rodríguez">Maite Oronoz Rodríguez</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Since</th><td class="infobox-data">February 22, 2016<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2016-02-22</span>)</span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Supreme Court of Puerto Rico</b> (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">Tribunal Supremo de Puerto Rico</i>) is the highest <a href="/wiki/Court" title="Court">court</a> of <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a>, having judicial authority to interpret and decide questions of <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rican_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Rican law">Puerto Rican law</a>. The Court is analogous to one of the <a href="/wiki/State_supreme_court" title="State supreme court">state supreme courts</a> of the <a href="/wiki/States_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="States of the United States">states of the United States</a> and is the highest <a href="/wiki/State_court_(United_States)" title="State court (United States)">state court</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_court" title="Supreme court">court of last resort</a> in <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pr-facts-gdp_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pr-facts-gdp-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-supreme-court-building-nps_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-supreme-court-building-nps-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Article_Five_of_the_Constitution_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Article Five of the Constitution of Puerto Rico">Article V</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Constitution of Puerto Rico">Constitution of Puerto Rico</a> vests the <a href="/wiki/Judicial_power" class="mw-redirect" title="Judicial power">judicial power</a> in the Supreme Court, which by nature forms the <a href="/wiki/Judicial_branch_of_the_government_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Judicial branch of the government of Puerto Rico">judicial branch of the government of Puerto Rico</a>. The Supreme Court holds its sessions in <a href="/wiki/San_Juan,_Puerto_Rico" title="San Juan, Puerto Rico">San Juan</a>. <sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure_and_powers">Structure and powers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Structure and powers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Supreme_Court_of_PR_Building.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Supreme_Court_of_PR_Building.jpg/220px-Supreme_Court_of_PR_Building.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Supreme_Court_of_PR_Building.jpg/330px-Supreme_Court_of_PR_Building.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Supreme_Court_of_PR_Building.jpg/440px-Supreme_Court_of_PR_Building.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_Building_(Puerto_Rico)" title="Supreme Court Building (Puerto Rico)">Supreme Court Building</a> is at the entrance of the city of San Juan.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Supreme Court of Puerto Rico was established by the <a href="/wiki/Foraker_Act" title="Foraker Act">Foraker Act</a> in 1900<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and maintained in the 1952 <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Constitution of Puerto Rico">Constitution of Puerto Rico</a>. <sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is the only appellate court required by the Constitution. All other courts are created by the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico">Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico</a>. However, since Puerto Rico is under <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> sovereignty, there is also a <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_Puerto_Rico" title="United States District Court for the District of Puerto Rico">Federal District Court</a> for the island. <sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The justices (currently eight, with one vacancy) are appointed by the <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Governor of Puerto Rico">Governor of Puerto Rico</a> and confirmed by majority vote by the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Senate of Puerto Rico">Senate</a>. One of the justices serves as Chief Justice; the remaining members are designated Associate Justices. Unlike the Supreme Court of the United States, the justices of the Puerto Rico Supreme Court do not serve for life, as the Puerto Rico Constitution requires that all judges must retire upon reaching age 70. <sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although the Constitution of Puerto Rico provides for the Court to be composed of five justices, it also contains a provision that the number may be altered, though only by petition of the Court itself. This provision has been used four times in Court history. Immediately after the Constitution's ratification, the Court asked for two additional judges. During the early 1960s, the Court once again petitioned for the addition of two more judges, arguing that there was a case backlog on its docket. Subsequently, during the 1970s the Court asked for its number to be reduced back to seven members, arguing that the backlog had been attended to. Finally, in 2010 a 4–3 majority of the justices petitioned the Legislative Assembly to once again increase the Court's membership to nine. This decision has generated controversy since it is the first time that such a request has been done without unanimity from the justices.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico is defined by the Constitution and the laws of Puerto Rico. In general, the jurisdictional structure parallels that of the state Supreme Courts in the continental United States. The Supreme Court of Puerto Rico has concurrent jurisdiction with federal courts to interpret federal laws, unless the Supremacy Clause requires otherwise. Judgments that stand on federal law grounds may be reviewed by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Supreme Court">United States Supreme Court</a>, unless an adequate and independent ground for the decision based in Puerto Rico commonwealth law is also present. The Court has the power of <a href="/wiki/Judicial_review" title="Judicial review">judicial review</a> and its decision are considered binding precedent within the jurisdiction of Puerto Rico. The Supreme Court of Puerto Rico also regulates the practice of law in Puerto Rico. </p><p>The term of the Puerto Rico Supreme Court begins on the first Monday of October and ends in the last week of June of the following year. However, during the recess months of July through September, an alternating panel of three justices are allowed to hear cases and their decisions are considered binding precedent. However, in order for any law passed by the Legislative Assembly to be declared unconstitutional, it requires the votes of a majority of the total membership of the Court, therefore, a three-justice panel may not hear constitutional challenges to laws passed by the Legislature. </p><p>The justices decide whether or not to hear oral arguments for the case. If the case is controversial or carries high public interest, an oral argument may be scheduled, although oral arguments were rare under Chief Justice Hernández Denton. When oral argument occurs, each side has twenty-five minutes to state its respective claims and five minutes for rebuttal. After the sides have ended their argument, each justice has ten minutes (in order of seniority) to ask questions to each side. Justices may decide to yield the balance of their time to one of their colleagues. </p><p>Because several Federal judges have voluntarily withdrawn from the <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_Bar_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Rico Bar Association">Puerto Rico Bar Association</a> and was converted by statute into a voluntary membership organization, the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico maintains the official bar records of Puerto Rico licensed attorneys. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chief_Justices">Chief Justices</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Chief Justices"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico">Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico">Chief Justice</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief Justice">presiding officer</a> of the Supreme Court, and amongst its functions it directs the administration of the different courts, chairs the Constitutional Redistricting Board which revises <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_Senatorial_districts" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Rico Senatorial districts">Puerto Rico's senatorial</a> and <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_Representative_districts" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Rico Representative districts">representative districts</a> after every decennial census, and presides at the impeachment trial of the <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Governor of Puerto Rico">Governor of Puerto Rico</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li>1900–1909: <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Severo_Qui%C3%B1ones" title="José Severo Quiñones">José Severo Quiñones</a></li> <li>1909–1922: <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Conrado_Hern%C3%A1ndez" title="José Conrado Hernández">José Hernández Santiago</a></li> <li>1922–1943: <a href="/wiki/Emilio_del_Toro_Cuebas" title="Emilio del Toro Cuebas">Emilio del Toro Cuebas</a></li> <li>1944–1948: <a href="/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_Travieso_Nieva" class="mw-redirect" title="Martín Travieso Nieva">Martín Travieso Nieva</a></li> <li>1948–1951: <a href="/wiki/Angel_de_Jes%C3%BAs_S%C3%A1nchez" title="Angel de Jesús Sánchez">Angel de Jesús Sánchez</a></li> <li>1951–1952: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Roberto_Todd_Borr%C3%A1s&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roberto Todd Borrás (page does not exist)">Roberto Todd Borrás</a></li> <li>1953–1957: <a href="/wiki/A._Cecil_Snyder" title="A. Cecil Snyder">A. Cecil Snyder</a></li> <li>1957–1957: <a href="/wiki/Jaime_Sifre_D%C3%A1vila" title="Jaime Sifre Dávila">Jaime Sifre Dávila</a></li> <li>1957–1972: <a href="/wiki/Luis_Negr%C3%B3n_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Luis Negrón Fernández">Luis Negrón Fernández</a></li> <li>1973–1974: <a href="/wiki/Pedro_P%C3%A9rez_Pimentel" title="Pedro Pérez Pimentel">Pedro Pérez Pimentel</a></li> <li>1974–1985: <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Tr%C3%ADas_Monge" title="José Trías Monge">José Trías Monge</a></li> <li>1985–1992: <a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADctor_Pons" title="Víctor Pons">Víctor Pons Núñez</a></li> <li>1992–2003: <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Andreu_Garc%C3%ADa" title="José Andreu García">José Andréu García</a></li> <li>2003–2004: <a href="/wiki/Miriam_Naveira" title="Miriam Naveira">Miriam Naveira Merly</a></li> <li>2004–2014: <a href="/wiki/Federico_Hern%C3%A1ndez_Denton" title="Federico Hernández Denton">Federico Hernández Denton</a><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2014–2016: <a href="/wiki/Liana_Fiol_Matta" title="Liana Fiol Matta">Liana Fiol Matta</a></li> <li>2016–present: <a href="/wiki/Maite_Oronoz_Rodr%C3%ADguez" title="Maite Oronoz Rodríguez">Maite Oronoz Rodríguez</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Associate_Justices">Associate Justices</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Associate Justices"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output 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metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2012</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li>2009–present: <a href="/wiki/Rafael_Mart%C3%ADnez_Torres" title="Rafael Martínez Torres">Rafael Martínez Torres</a></li> <li>2009–present: <a href="/wiki/Mildred_Pab%C3%B3n" title="Mildred Pabón">Mildred Pabón Charneco</a></li> <li>2009–present: <a href="/wiki/Erick_Kolthoff" title="Erick Kolthoff">Erick Kolthoff Caraballo</a></li> <li>2010–present: <a href="/wiki/Edgardo_Rivera_Garcia" class="mw-redirect" title="Edgardo Rivera Garcia">Edgardo Rivera Garcia</a></li> <li>2011–present: <a href="/wiki/Roberto_Feliberti_Cintr%C3%B3n" title="Roberto Feliberti Cintrón">Roberto Feliberti Cintrón</a></li> <li>2011–present: <a href="/wiki/Luis_Estrella_Mart%C3%ADnez" title="Luis Estrella Martínez">Luis Estrella Martínez</a></li> <li>2016–present: <a href="/wiki/Angel_Col%C3%B3n-P%C3%A9rez" title="Angel Colón-Pérez">Ángel Colón Pérez</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lower_courts">Lower courts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Lower courts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Library_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_Puerto_Rico._View_at_dusk.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Library_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_Puerto_Rico._View_at_dusk.jpg/220px-Library_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_Puerto_Rico._View_at_dusk.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Library_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_Puerto_Rico._View_at_dusk.jpg/330px-Library_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_Puerto_Rico._View_at_dusk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Library_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_Puerto_Rico._View_at_dusk.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="267" /></a><figcaption>Library of the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico view at dusk</figcaption></figure> <p>During much of the 20th century, the court system in Puerto Rico had consisted of <a href="/wiki/State_court_(United_States)" title="State court (United States)">Municipal Courts</a>, <a href="/wiki/County_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="County Court">District Courts</a>, and the Supreme Court. Cases could be appealed from Municipal Courts to commonwealth District Courts. From the commonwealth District Courts cases were then appealed to the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico Supreme Court.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Municipal and District courts have existed in Puerto Rico since at least the 19th century.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the United States invaded the island, it set to reorganize the judicial system. The U.S. military regime in Puerto Rico promulgated Order 118 of 1899, by which the system of Criminal Courts and Courts of First Instance and Investigation were replaced by five district courts in San Juan, Ponce, Mayaguez, Arecibo and Humacao.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Appointments">Appointments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Appointments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:First_Supreme_Court_PR.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/First_Supreme_Court_PR.JPG/300px-First_Supreme_Court_PR.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/First_Supreme_Court_PR.JPG/450px-First_Supreme_Court_PR.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/First_Supreme_Court_PR.JPG/600px-First_Supreme_Court_PR.JPG 2x" data-file-width="839" data-file-height="564" /></a><figcaption>First Supreme Court of Puerto Rico appointed by the <a href="/wiki/Foraker_Act" title="Foraker Act">Foraker Act</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Appointments to the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico have traditionally been a politicized and often controversial process. The Governor of Puerto Rico usually appoints someone who is affiliated with his own <a href="/wiki/Political_party" title="Political party">political party</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, during his sixteen years as Governor, <a href="/wiki/Luis_Mu%C3%B1oz_Mar%C3%ADn" title="Luis Muñoz Marín">Luis Muñoz Marín</a> appointed only one statehooder, <a href="/wiki/Rafael_Hern%C3%A1ndez_Matos" title="Rafael Hernández Matos">Rafael Hernández Matos</a> to the court, despite the fact that statehooders represented the largest political minority in Puerto Rico. During the four years of divided partisan control of government between 2005 and 2009, when the governorship was occupied by commonwealther <a href="/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Acevedo_Vil%C3%A1" title="Aníbal Acevedo Vilá">Aníbal Acevedo Vilá</a> and the Senate presidency was held by statehooder <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_McClintock" title="Kenneth McClintock">Kenneth McClintock</a>, despite the 2005 retirement of <a href="/wiki/Associate_Justice" class="mw-redirect" title="Associate Justice">Associate Justice</a> <a href="/wiki/Baltasar_Corrada_del_Rio" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltasar Corrada del Rio">Baltasar Corrada del Rio</a>, the death of <a href="/wiki/Associate_Justice" class="mw-redirect" title="Associate Justice">Associate Justice</a> <a href="/wiki/Jaime_Fuster" title="Jaime Fuster">Jaime Fuster</a> in 2007 and the 2008 retirement of <a href="/wiki/Associate_Justice" class="mw-redirect" title="Associate Justice">Associate Justice</a> Francisco Rebollo, no appointments were made. For over half a century, the Court has been dominated by justices affiliated with the <a href="/wiki/Popular_Democratic_Party_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico">Popular Democratic Party</a>, until February 2009 when, due to the accumulation of unfilled vacancies, pro-statehood Governor <a href="/wiki/Luis_Fortu%C3%B1o" title="Luis Fortuño">Luis Fortuño</a> was able to fill three vacancies. Added to one Justice already on the Court, appointed by another pro-statehood Governor, the justices appointed by statehooders became a majority in the Court.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Four <a href="/wiki/Women" class="mw-redirect" title="Women">women</a> have been appointed justices since 1952; one of them, <a href="/wiki/Miriam_Naveira" title="Miriam Naveira">Miriam Naveira</a>, was Chief Justice for a period of one year. Only one <a href="/wiki/Afro%E2%80%93Puerto_Ricans" title="Afro–Puerto Ricans">Afro–Puerto Rican</a>, Justice <a href="/wiki/Erick_Kolthoff" title="Erick Kolthoff">Erick Kolthoff</a>, has served in the Court. He is also the Court's only <a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Liana_Fiol_Matta" title="Liana Fiol Matta">Liana Fiol Matta</a>, appointed by Gov. <a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Garc%C3%ADa_Padilla" title="Alejandro García Padilla">Alejandro García Padilla</a>, was the second woman to hold the post of <a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief Justice">Chief Justice</a>, succeeding <a href="/wiki/Federico_Hern%C3%A1ndez_Denton" title="Federico Hernández Denton">Federico Hernández Denton</a>, who was appointed in 2004 by Governor <a href="/wiki/Sila_Calder%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Sila Calderón">Sila Calderón</a>. Previously, he had served as an Associate Justice from 1985 to 2004. In such capacity, Chief Justice Hernández Denton swore in Governors Aníbal Acevedo Vilá and Luis Fortuño. The Chief Justice is also the administrator of the Judicial Branch of Puerto Rico. </p><p>Then Associate Justice Oronoz was confirmed in 2016 becoming the first <a href="/wiki/Lesbian" title="Lesbian">lesbian</a> and third woman to perside the court.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This also marked the point in which four female justices constituted the largest number of women in history to serve on the court simultaneously.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Current_composition">Current composition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Current composition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_justices_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_Puerto_Rico" title="List of justices of the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico">List of justices of the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico</a></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="margin: 0 auto"> <tbody><tr> <th style="text-align: left">Name </th> <th style="text-align: left">Year appointed </th> <th style="text-align: left">Reaches age 70 </th> <th style="text-align: left">Appointed by </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maite_Oronoz_Rodr%C3%ADguez" title="Maite Oronoz Rodríguez">Maite Oronoz Rodríguez</a>, Chief Justice<br />born 1976 (age 47–48) </td> <td>2016 </td> <td>2046 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Garcia_Padilla" class="mw-redirect" title="Alejandro Garcia Padilla">Alejandro Garcia Padilla</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rafael_Mart%C3%ADnez_Torres" title="Rafael Martínez Torres">Rafael Martínez Torres</a><br />born <span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1959-02-14</span>) </span>February 14, 1959<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 65)</span> </td> <td>2009 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002029-02-14-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">February 14, 2029</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Luis_Fortu%C3%B1o" title="Luis Fortuño">Luis Fortuño</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mildred_Pab%C3%B3n" title="Mildred Pabón">Mildred Pabón</a><br />born <span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1957-11-27</span>) </span>November 27, 1957<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 67)</span> </td> <td>2009 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002027-11-27-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">November 27, 2027</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Luis_Fortu%C3%B1o" title="Luis Fortuño">Luis Fortuño</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Erick_Kolthoff" title="Erick Kolthoff">Erick Kolthoff</a><br />born <span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1961-09-15</span>) </span>September 15, 1961<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 63)</span> </td> <td>2009 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002031-09-15-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">September 15, 2031</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Luis_Fortu%C3%B1o" title="Luis Fortuño">Luis Fortuño</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Edgardo_Rivera_Garc%C3%ADa" title="Edgardo Rivera García">Edgardo Rivera García</a><br />born <span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1955-01-03</span>) </span>January 3, 1955<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 69)</span> </td> <td>2010 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002025-01-03-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 3, 2025</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Luis_Fortu%C3%B1o" title="Luis Fortuño">Luis Fortuño</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Feliberti_Cintr%C3%B3n" title="Roberto Feliberti Cintrón">Roberto Feliberti Cintrón</a><br />born <span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1963-04-07</span>) </span>April 7, 1963<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 61)</span> </td> <td>2011 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002033-04-07-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">April 7, 2033</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Luis_Fortu%C3%B1o" title="Luis Fortuño">Luis Fortuño</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Luis_Estrella_Mart%C3%ADnez" title="Luis Estrella Martínez">Luis Estrella Martínez</a><br />born <span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1971-11-17</span>) </span>November 17, 1971<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 53)</span> </td> <td>2011 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002041-11-17-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">November 17, 2041</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Luis_Fortu%C3%B1o" title="Luis Fortuño">Luis Fortuño</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Angel_Col%C3%B3n-P%C3%A9rez" title="Angel Colón-Pérez">Angel Colón-Pérez</a><br />born 1977 (age 46–47) </td> <td>2016 </td> <td>2047 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Garcia_Padilla" class="mw-redirect" title="Alejandro Garcia Padilla">Alejandro Garcia Padilla</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>seat vacant</i> </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="0 !">–</span> </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="0 !">–</span> </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="0 !">–</span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversies">Controversies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Controversies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The realignment on the court has led to several significant court decisions. In <i>Suarez Caceres vs CEE</i>, the court overruled a previous court decision that required that a "None of the Above" option be included in political status plebiscites. That option obtained an absolute majority of votes in the 1998 political status plebiscite. </p><p>A 4–3 majority amended Rule 5 of the court's regulations to enable the most senior judge on the majority side of every case to determine the member of the Court that would write the majority opinion, which is the practice in the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court of the United States</a>. Previously, the Chief Justice, even when on the minority side of a case, assigned the writing of the opinion of the Court.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conflicts_with_the_US_Federal_Court">Conflicts with the US Federal Court</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Conflicts with the US Federal Court"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From 1915 to 1961, decisions of the Puerto Rico Supreme Court could be appealed to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_First_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit</a>. In earlier years, the First Circuit frequently reversed the Puerto Rico Supreme Court, sometimes attempting to impose its own interpretations of Puerto Rico's <a href="/wiki/Civil_law_(legal_system)" title="Civil law (legal system)">civil law</a> legal norms despite the Boston-based court's unfamiliarity with Puerto Rico jurisprudence, until a series of opinions by United States Supreme Court Justice <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Wendell_Holmes_Jr." title="Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.">Oliver Wendell Holmes</a> instructed that the Puerto Rico Supreme Court's interpretations were not to be overturned by the federal appeals court unless they were "manifestly wrong."<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2010)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>With the standard of review so limited, and especially after Puerto Rico attained Commonwealth status under the 1952 Constitution, the route for appeals was deemed anachronistic and was repealed in 1961 providing Puerto Rico with a judicial state-federal court structure equal to that of States.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Today, decisions of the Puerto Rico Supreme Court are as final as those of any state supreme court and are reviewable by the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court of the United States</a> only pursuant to a writ of <a href="/wiki/Certiorari" title="Certiorari">certiorari</a>, when an important question of federal law is involved. </p><p>Conflicts between the Puerto Rico courts and the federal court do arise from time to time. According to the 1952 Constitution of Puerto Rico, the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court is only for laws of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. However, on several<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_weasel_words" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Avoid weasel words"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too vague attribution or weasel words. (October 2012)">which?</span></a></i>]</sup> occasions the <a href="/wiki/U.S._District_Court_for_the_District_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. District Court for the District of Puerto Rico">U.S. District Court for the District of Puerto Rico</a> has taken jurisdiction on cases having to do with Puerto Rican law. </p><p>In 2016, the US Supreme Court decided in the case of <i><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_v._Sanchez_Valle" title="Puerto Rico v. Sanchez Valle">Puerto Rico v. Sanchez Valle</a></i> that on the point of <a href="/wiki/Double_jeopardy" title="Double jeopardy">double jeopardy</a>, Puerto Rico was not sovereign; thus it could not charge someone with crimes that the person had already been tried for by the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2004_general_election">2004 general election</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 2004 general election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A highly controversial instance occurred in November 2004, when the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico declared that all ballots should be counted during the <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rican_general_election,_2004" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Rican general election, 2004">Puerto Rican general election, 2004</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/New_Progressive_Party_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico">New Progressive Party</a> brought the matter to the Federal Court and claimed that some of the ballots were applied. Federal Judge <a href="/wiki/Daniel_R._Dom%C3%ADnguez" title="Daniel R. Domínguez">Daniel R. Domínguez</a> took jurisdiction of the case, in a ruling that would effectively have nullified the decision of the Supreme Court. However, on December 15, 2004, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_First_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit">First Circuit Court</a> reversed Domínguez's decision and found that questions on the electoral process of Puerto Rico are matters reserved for the Puerto Rico local court system, headed by the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico. <sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/42px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/56px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_court_(United_States)#Nomenclature" title="State court (United States)">State court (United States)#Nomenclature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Judiciary of Puerto Rico">Judiciary of Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Mu%C3%B1oz_Rivera_Park" title="Luis Muñoz Rivera Park">Luis Muñoz Rivera Park</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Puerto_Rico&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-pr-facts-gdp-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pr-facts-gdp_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gdb-pur.com/economy/puerto-rico-facts.html">"Puerto Rico Basic Facts"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_Government_Development_Bank" title="Puerto Rico Government Development Bank">Puerto Rico Government Development Bank</a>. Paragraph 6<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 30,</span> 2012</span>. <q>The highest court within the local jurisdiction is the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Puerto+Rico+Basic+Facts&rft.pages=Paragraph+6&rft.pub=Puerto+Rico+Government+Development+Bank&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gdb-pur.com%2Feconomy%2Fpuerto-rico-facts.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASupreme+Court+of+Puerto+Rico" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-supreme-court-building-nps-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-supreme-court-building-nps_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nps.gov/nr/feature/hispanic/2006/supreme.htm">"Supreme Court Building in Puerto Rico"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a>. Paragraph 1<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 30,</span> 2012</span>. <q>[ ... ]of the highest court of law on the island.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Supreme+Court+Building+in+Puerto+Rico&rft.pages=Paragraph+1&rft.pub=National+Park+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nps.gov%2Fnr%2Ffeature%2Fhispanic%2F2006%2Fsupreme.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASupreme+Court+of+Puerto+Rico" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRico2021" class="citation book cs1">Rico, Government of Puerto (April 11, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Oq4qEAAAQBAJ&dq=Supreme+Court+of+Puerto+Rico+Article+V&pg=PT2"><i>Constitution of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico</i></a>. Good Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Constitution+of+the+Commonwealth+of+Puerto+Rico&rft.pub=Good+Press&rft.date=2021-04-11&rft.aulast=Rico&rft.aufirst=Government+of+Puerto&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOq4qEAAAQBAJ%26dq%3DSupreme%2BCourt%2Bof%2BPuerto%2BRico%2BArticle%2BV%26pg%3DPT2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASupreme+Court+of+Puerto+Rico" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCaban2018" class="citation book cs1">Caban, Pedro A. (February 19, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UNJMDwAAQBAJ&dq=Foraker%20Act&pg=PP1"><i>Constructing a Colonial People: Puerto Rico and the United States, 1898-1932</i></a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780429981036" title="Special:BookSources/9780429981036"><bdi>9780429981036</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Constructing+a+Colonial+People%3A+Puerto+Rico+and+the+United+States%2C+1898-1932&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2018-02-19&rft.isbn=9780429981036&rft.aulast=Caban&rft.aufirst=Pedro+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUNJMDwAAQBAJ%26dq%3DForaker%2520Act%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASupreme+Court+of+Puerto+Rico" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAffairs1952" class="citation book cs1">Affairs, United States Congress House Committee on Interior and Insular (1952). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Yr9HMu3QCdAC&q=1952"><i>Text of the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico...submitted by Hon. A Fernos-Isern...</i></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Text+of+the+Constitution+of+the+Commonwealth+of+Puerto+Rico...submitted+by+Hon.+A+Fernos-Isern...&rft.date=1952&rft.aulast=Affairs&rft.aufirst=United+States+Congress+House+Committee+on+Interior+and+Insular&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYr9HMu3QCdAC%26q%3D1952&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASupreme+Court+of+Puerto+Rico" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRights1979" class="citation book cs1">Rights, United States Congress House Committee on the Judiciary Subcommittee on Civil and Constitutional (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=O8TUAAAAMAAJ&dq=puerto+rican+federal+district+court&pg=PP3"><i>The Use of Spanish in the Federal District Court of Puerto Rico: Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Civil and Constitutional Rights of the Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representatives, Ninety-sixth Congress, First Session on the Use of Spanish in the Federal District Court of Puerto Rico, May 17, 1979</i></a>. U.S. Government Printing Office.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Use+of+Spanish+in+the+Federal+District+Court+of+Puerto+Rico%3A+Hearing+Before+the+Subcommittee+on+Civil+and+Constitutional+Rights+of+the+Committee+on+the+Judiciary%2C+House+of+Representatives%2C+Ninety-sixth+Congress%2C+First+Session+on+the+Use+of+Spanish+in+the+Federal+District+Court+of+Puerto+Rico%2C+May+17%2C+1979&rft.pub=U.S.+Government+Printing+Office&rft.date=1979&rft.aulast=Rights&rft.aufirst=United+States+Congress+House+Committee+on+the+Judiciary+Subcommittee+on+Civil+and+Constitutional&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DO8TUAAAAMAAJ%26dq%3Dpuerto%2Brican%2Bfederal%2Bdistrict%2Bcourt%26pg%3DPP3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASupreme+Court+of+Puerto+Rico" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.elnuevodia.com/noticias/locales/nota/malletazodelosjuecesazules-813171/">"Malletazo de los jueces azules"</a>. <i>El Nuevo Dia</i> (in Spanish). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 10,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=El+Nuevo+Dia&rft.atitle=Malletazo+de+los+jueces+azules&rft.date=2010-11-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.elnuevodia.com%2Fnoticias%2Flocales%2Fnota%2Fmalletazodelosjuecesazules-813171%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASupreme+Court+of+Puerto+Rico" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico#ARTICLE_III_THE_LEGISLATURE">"Article III, Section 4"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Constitution of Puerto Rico">Constitution of Puerto Rico</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 11,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Article+III%2C+Section+4&rft.pub=Constitution+of+Puerto+Rico.&rft.date=1952-07-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FConstitution_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico%23ARTICLE_III_THE_LEGISLATURE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASupreme+Court+of+Puerto+Rico" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico#ARTICLE_V_THE_JUDICIARY">"Article V, Section 3"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Constitution of Puerto Rico">Constitution of Puerto Rico</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 11,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Article+V%2C+Section+3&rft.pub=Constitution+of+Puerto+Rico.&rft.date=1952-07-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FConstitution_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico%23ARTICLE_V_THE_JUDICIARY&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASupreme+Court+of+Puerto+Rico" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico#ARTICLE_III_THE_LEGISLATURE">"Article III, Section 21"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Constitution of Puerto Rico">Constitution of Puerto Rico</a>. July 25, 1952<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 11,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Article+III%2C+Section+21&rft.pub=Constitution+of+Puerto+Rico.&rft.date=1952-07-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FConstitution_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico%23ARTICLE_III_THE_LEGISLATURE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASupreme+Court+of+Puerto+Rico" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081225120426/http://www.ramajudicial.pr/sistema/supremo/presidentes/index.htm">"Biografías Jueces Presidentes"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ramajudicial.pr/sistema/supremo/presidentes/index.htm">the original</a> on December 25, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Biograf%C3%ADas+Jueces+Presidentes&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ramajudicial.pr%2Fsistema%2Fsupremo%2Fpresidentes%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASupreme+Court+of+Puerto+Rico" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The People v. Casiano. Appeal from the District Court of Ponce. No. 7. Decided April 26, 1905. <i>Report of Cases Adjudged in the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico. Coleccion de Sentencias y Soluciones Dictadas por el Tribunal. Volumen 8. (January 23 to June 17, 1905) Puerto Rico. Supreme Court, Antonio F. Castro, Rafael Hernandez-Usera, Raleigh F. Haydon, Pablo Berga y Ponce de León, Joaquín López.</i> Pages 344–346 and others. Printed by the Bureau of Supplies, Printing, and Transportation. San Juan, Puerto Rico. Retrieved 1 December 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/registerportori03ricogoog/registerportori03ricogoog_djvu.txt"><i>REGISTER OF PORTO RICO FOR 1903.</i></a> Hon. Charles Hartzell, Secretary of Porto Rico. October, 1903. San Juan, Puerto Rico: Press of Lou 18 E. Tuzo and Company. 1903. (AUG 14 1944). Page 82. Retrieved 19 December 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bibliotecavirtualut.suagm.edu/elibros/LibroPR/LPR_Eng/Chapter_IV._GOVERNMENT.pdf"><i>El libro de Puerto Rico: Chapter IV: Government: The Judiciary - Its Importance and Influence, by Emilio del Toro Cuebas.</i></a> E. Fernandez Garcia, editor. Francis W. Hoadley & Eugenio Astol, co-editors. San Juan, Puerto Rico: El Libro Azul Publishing Company. 1923. Page 181. 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Rico</a></span></span> – official site, in <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Supreme_court" title="Supreme court">Highest judicial bodies</a> in the United States</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Federal_judiciary_of_the_United_States" title="Federal judiciary of the United States">Federal courts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court of the United States</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/State_supreme_court" title="State supreme court">State supreme courts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Alabama" title="Supreme Court of Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_Supreme_Court" title="Alaska Supreme Court">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Supreme_Court" title="Arizona Supreme Court">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Supreme_Court" title="Arkansas Supreme Court">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_California" title="Supreme Court of California">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Supreme_Court" title="Colorado Supreme Court">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connecticut_Supreme_Court" title="Connecticut Supreme Court">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware_Supreme_Court" title="Delaware Supreme Court">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Florida" title="Supreme Court of Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Supreme Court of Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Hawaii" title="Supreme Court of Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idaho_Supreme_Court" title="Idaho Supreme Court">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Illinois" title="Supreme Court of Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Supreme_Court" title="Indiana Supreme Court">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iowa_Supreme_Court" title="Iowa Supreme Court">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_Supreme_Court" title="Kansas Supreme Court">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Supreme_Court" title="Kentucky Supreme Court">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Supreme_Court" title="Louisiana Supreme Court">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maine_Supreme_Judicial_Court" title="Maine Supreme Judicial Court">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Maryland" title="Supreme Court of Maryland">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Supreme_Judicial_Court" title="Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michigan_Supreme_Court" title="Michigan Supreme Court">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Supreme_Court" title="Minnesota Supreme Court">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Mississippi" title="Supreme Court of Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Missouri" title="Supreme Court of Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montana_Supreme_Court" title="Montana Supreme Court">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebraska_Supreme_Court" title="Nebraska Supreme Court">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Nevada" title="Supreme Court of Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire_Supreme_Court" title="New Hampshire Supreme Court">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_New_Jersey" title="Supreme Court of New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Mexico_Supreme_Court" title="New Mexico Supreme Court">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Court_of_Appeals" title="New York Court of Appeals">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_Supreme_Court" title="North Carolina Supreme Court">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Supreme_Court" title="North Dakota Supreme Court">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Ohio" title="Supreme Court of Ohio">Ohio</a></li> <li>Oklahoma <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_Supreme_Court" title="Oklahoma Supreme Court">civil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_Court_of_Criminal_Appeals" title="Oklahoma Court of Criminal Appeals">criminal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oregon_Supreme_Court" title="Oregon Supreme Court">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Pennsylvania" title="Supreme Court of Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island_Supreme_Court" title="Rhode Island Supreme Court">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina_Supreme_Court" title="South Carolina Supreme Court">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_Supreme_Court" title="South Dakota Supreme Court">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Supreme_Court" title="Tennessee Supreme Court">Tennessee</a></li> <li>Texas <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Texas" title="Supreme Court of Texas">civil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Court_of_Criminal_Appeals" title="Texas Court of Criminal Appeals">criminal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utah_Supreme_Court" title="Utah Supreme Court">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vermont_Supreme_Court" title="Vermont Supreme Court">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Virginia" title="Supreme Court of Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Supreme_Court" title="Washington Supreme Court">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Appeals_of_West_Virginia" title="Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Supreme_Court" title="Wisconsin Supreme Court">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyoming_Supreme_Court" title="Wyoming Supreme Court">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States" title="Territories of the United States">Territorial</a> supreme courts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/High_Court_of_American_Samoa" title="High Court of American Samoa">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia_Court_of_Appeals" title="District of Columbia Court of Appeals">District of Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Guam" title="Supreme Court of Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands_Supreme_Court" title="Northern Mariana Islands Supreme Court">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_Virgin_Islands" title="Supreme Court of the Virgin Islands">United States Virgin Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Obsolete</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Canal_Zone" title="United States District Court for the Canal Zone">Panama Canal Zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_Philippines#American_period" title="Supreme Court of the Philippines">Philippine Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Complete list</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_courts_of_the_United_States" title="List of courts of the United States">Courts of the United States</a> (federal and state, all levels)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Government_of_Puerto_Rico" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Government_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Template:Government of Puerto Rico"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Government_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Template talk:Government of Puerto Rico"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Government_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Government of Puerto Rico"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Government_of_Puerto_Rico" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Government of Puerto Rico">Government of Puerto Rico</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Executive_branch_of_the_government_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Executive branch of the government of Puerto Rico">Executive</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Governor" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Governor of Puerto Rico">Governor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_Secretariat_of_Governance" title="Puerto Rico Secretariat of Governance">Secretariat<br />of Governance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Governor_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Office of the Governor of Puerto Rico">Office of the Governor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Staff_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Chief of Staff of Puerto Rico">Chief of Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_Governor%27s_Advisory_Board" title="Puerto Rico Governor's Advisory Board">Advisory Board</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_Council_of_Secretaries" title="Puerto Rico Council of Secretaries">Council of<br />Secretaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_governmental_line_of_succession" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Rico governmental line of succession">In the line<br />of succession</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Secretary of State of Puerto Rico">State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_Justice_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Secretary of Justice of Puerto Rico">Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_Treasury_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Secretary of Treasury of Puerto Rico">Treasury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_Education_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Secretary of Education of Puerto Rico">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_Labor_and_Human_Resources_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Secretary of Labor and Human Resources of Puerto Rico">Labor and Human Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_Transportation_and_Public_Works_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Secretary of Transportation and Public Works of Puerto Rico">Transportation and Public Works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_Economic_Development_and_Commerce_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Secretary of Economic Development and Commerce of Puerto Rico">Economic Development and Commerce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_Health_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Secretary of Health of Puerto Rico">Health</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other executive<br />departments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_Agriculture_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of Agriculture of Puerto Rico">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_Consumer_Affairs_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Secretary of Consumer Affairs of Puerto Rico">Consumer Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_Corrections_and_Rehabilitation_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Secretary of Corrections and Rehabilitation of Puerto Rico">Corrections and Rehabilitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_Family_Affairs_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Secretary of Family Affairs of Puerto Rico">Family Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_Housing_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Secretary of Housing of Puerto Rico">Housing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_Natural_and_Environmental_Resources_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Secretary of Natural and Environmental Resources of Puerto Rico">Natural and Environmental Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_Department_of_Public_Safety" title="Puerto Rico Department of Public Safety">Public Safety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_Sports_and_Recreation_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Secretary of Sports and Recreation of Puerto Rico">Sports and Recreation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Puerto_Rico_Cabinet-level_officers" title="List of Puerto Rico Cabinet-level officers">Cabinet-level<br />officers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Staff_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Chief of Staff of Puerto Rico">Chief of Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_directors_of_the_Puerto_Rico_Office_of_Management_and_Budget" title="List of directors of the Puerto Rico Office of Management and Budget">Management and Budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_directors_of_the_Puerto_Rico_Federal_Affairs_Administration" title="List of directors of the Puerto Rico Federal Affairs Administration">Federal Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inspector_General_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Inspector General of Puerto Rico">Inspector General of Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_Puerto_Rico_Planning_Board" title="List of presidents of the Puerto Rico Planning Board">Puerto Rico Planning Board President</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_Commissioner_of_Safety_and_Public_Protection" title="Puerto Rico Commissioner of Safety and Public Protection">Commissioner of Safety and Public Protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_Government_Development_Bank" title="Puerto Rico Government Development Bank">Puerto Rico Government Development Bank</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/90px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/135px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/180px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="993" data-file-height="1239" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Legislative_branch_of_the_government_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative branch of the government of Puerto Rico">Legislative</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Senate" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Senate of Puerto Rico">Senate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Senate_of_Puerto_Rico" title="President of the Senate of Puerto Rico">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_pro_tempore_of_the_Senate_of_Puerto_Rico" title="President pro tempore of the Senate of Puerto Rico">President pro tempore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_Senate_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Party leaders of the Senate of Puerto Rico">Party leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_party_leaders_of_the_Senate_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Assistant party leaders of the Senate of Puerto Rico">Assistant party leaders</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">House of<br />Representatives</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Speaker of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Speaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speaker_pro_tempore_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Speaker pro tempore of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Speaker pro tempore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Party leaders of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Party leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_party_leaders_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Assistant party leaders of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Assistant party leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Secretary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergeant-at-Arms_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Sergeant-at-Arms of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Sergeant-at-Arms</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other offices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Superintendency_of_the_Capitol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Superintendency of the Capitol (page does not exist)">Superintendency of the Capitol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_Ombudsman" title="Puerto Rico Ombudsman">Ombudsman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_Office_of_Legislative_Services" title="Puerto Rico Office of Legislative Services">Legislative Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comptroller_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Comptroller of Puerto Rico">Comptroller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Rights_Commission_(Puerto_Rico)" title="Civil Rights Commission (Puerto Rico)">Civil Rights Commission</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Judiciary of Puerto Rico">Judicial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Supreme_Court" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Supreme Court</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico">Chief Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_justices_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_Puerto_Rico" title="List of justices of the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico">Associate Justices</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other key posts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_Adjutant_General" title="Puerto Rico Adjutant General">Adjutant General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solicitor_General_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Solicitor General of Puerto Rico">Solicitor General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resident_commissioner_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Resident commissioner of Puerto Rico">Resident commissioner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Key buildings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capitol_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Capitol of Puerto Rico">Capitol</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Fortaleza" title="La Fortaleza">La Fortaleza</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_Building_(Puerto_Rico)" title="Supreme Court Building (Puerto Rico)">Supreme Court</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Municipalities of Puerto Rico">Municipalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adjuntas,_Puerto_Rico" title="Adjuntas, Puerto Rico">Adjuntas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aguada,_Puerto_Rico" title="Aguada, Puerto Rico">Aguada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aguadilla,_Puerto_Rico" title="Aguadilla, Puerto Rico">Aguadilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aguas_Buenas,_Puerto_Rico" title="Aguas Buenas, Puerto Rico">Aguas Buenas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aibonito,_Puerto_Rico" title="Aibonito, Puerto Rico">Aibonito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%B1asco,_Puerto_Rico" title="Añasco, Puerto Rico">Añasco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arecibo,_Puerto_Rico" title="Arecibo, Puerto Rico">Arecibo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arroyo,_Puerto_Rico" title="Arroyo, Puerto Rico">Arroyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barceloneta,_Puerto_Rico" title="Barceloneta, Puerto Rico">Barceloneta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barranquitas,_Puerto_Rico" title="Barranquitas, Puerto Rico">Barranquitas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayam%C3%B3n,_Puerto_Rico" title="Bayamón, Puerto Rico">Bayamón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabo_Rojo,_Puerto_Rico" title="Cabo Rojo, Puerto Rico">Cabo Rojo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caguas,_Puerto_Rico" title="Caguas, Puerto Rico">Caguas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camuy,_Puerto_Rico" title="Camuy, Puerto Rico">Camuy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Can%C3%B3vanas,_Puerto_Rico" title="Canóvanas, Puerto Rico">Canóvanas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carolina,_Puerto_Rico" title="Carolina, Puerto Rico">Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cata%C3%B1o,_Puerto_Rico" title="Cataño, Puerto Rico">Cataño</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayey,_Puerto_Rico" title="Cayey, Puerto Rico">Cayey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceiba,_Puerto_Rico" title="Ceiba, Puerto Rico">Ceiba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciales,_Puerto_Rico" title="Ciales, Puerto Rico">Ciales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cidra,_Puerto_Rico" title="Cidra, Puerto Rico">Cidra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coamo,_Puerto_Rico" title="Coamo, Puerto Rico">Coamo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comer%C3%ADo,_Puerto_Rico" title="Comerío, Puerto Rico">Comerío</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corozal,_Puerto_Rico" title="Corozal, Puerto Rico">Corozal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culebra,_Puerto_Rico" title="Culebra, Puerto Rico">Culebra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorado,_Puerto_Rico" title="Dorado, Puerto Rico">Dorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fajardo,_Puerto_Rico" title="Fajardo, Puerto Rico">Fajardo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida,_Puerto_Rico" title="Florida, Puerto Rico">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu%C3%A1nica,_Puerto_Rico" title="Guánica, Puerto Rico">Guánica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guayama,_Puerto_Rico" title="Guayama, Puerto Rico">Guayama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guayanilla,_Puerto_Rico" title="Guayanilla, Puerto Rico">Guayanilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guaynabo,_Puerto_Rico" title="Guaynabo, Puerto Rico">Guaynabo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurabo,_Puerto_Rico" title="Gurabo, Puerto Rico">Gurabo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatillo,_Puerto_Rico" title="Hatillo, Puerto Rico">Hatillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hormigueros,_Puerto_Rico" title="Hormigueros, Puerto Rico">Hormigueros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humacao,_Puerto_Rico" title="Humacao, Puerto Rico">Humacao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabela,_Puerto_Rico" title="Isabela, Puerto Rico">Isabela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayuya,_Puerto_Rico" title="Jayuya, Puerto Rico">Jayuya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juana_D%C3%ADaz,_Puerto_Rico" title="Juana Díaz, Puerto Rico">Juana Díaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juncos,_Puerto_Rico" title="Juncos, Puerto Rico">Juncos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lajas,_Puerto_Rico" title="Lajas, Puerto Rico">Lajas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lares,_Puerto_Rico" title="Lares, Puerto Rico">Lares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Mar%C3%ADas,_Puerto_Rico" title="Las Marías, Puerto Rico">Las Marías</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Piedras,_Puerto_Rico" title="Las Piedras, Puerto Rico">Las Piedras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lo%C3%ADza,_Puerto_Rico" title="Loíza, Puerto Rico">Loíza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luquillo,_Puerto_Rico" title="Luquillo, Puerto Rico">Luquillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manat%C3%AD,_Puerto_Rico" title="Manatí, Puerto Rico">Manatí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maricao,_Puerto_Rico" title="Maricao, Puerto Rico">Maricao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maunabo,_Puerto_Rico" title="Maunabo, Puerto Rico">Maunabo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayag%C3%BCez,_Puerto_Rico" title="Mayagüez, Puerto Rico">Mayagüez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moca,_Puerto_Rico" title="Moca, Puerto Rico">Moca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morovis,_Puerto_Rico" title="Morovis, Puerto Rico">Morovis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naguabo,_Puerto_Rico" title="Naguabo, Puerto Rico">Naguabo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naranjito,_Puerto_Rico" title="Naranjito, Puerto Rico">Naranjito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orocovis,_Puerto_Rico" title="Orocovis, Puerto Rico">Orocovis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patillas,_Puerto_Rico" title="Patillas, Puerto Rico">Patillas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pe%C3%B1uelas,_Puerto_Rico" title="Peñuelas, Puerto Rico">Peñuelas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponce,_Puerto_Rico" title="Ponce, Puerto Rico">Ponce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quebradillas,_Puerto_Rico" title="Quebradillas, Puerto Rico">Quebradillas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rinc%C3%B3n,_Puerto_Rico" title="Rincón, Puerto Rico">Rincón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%ADo_Grande,_Puerto_Rico" title="Río Grande, Puerto Rico">Río Grande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabana_Grande,_Puerto_Rico" title="Sabana Grande, Puerto Rico">Sabana Grande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salinas,_Puerto_Rico" title="Salinas, Puerto Rico">Salinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Germ%C3%A1n,_Puerto_Rico" title="San Germán, Puerto Rico">San Germán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Juan,_Puerto_Rico" title="San Juan, Puerto Rico">San Juan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Lorenzo,_Puerto_Rico" title="San Lorenzo, Puerto Rico">San Lorenzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Sebasti%C3%A1n,_Puerto_Rico" title="San Sebastián, Puerto Rico">San Sebastián</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Isabel,_Puerto_Rico" title="Santa Isabel, Puerto Rico">Santa Isabel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toa_Alta,_Puerto_Rico" title="Toa Alta, Puerto Rico">Toa Alta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toa_Baja,_Puerto_Rico" title="Toa Baja, Puerto Rico">Toa Baja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trujillo_Alto,_Puerto_Rico" title="Trujillo Alto, Puerto Rico">Trujillo Alto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utuado,_Puerto_Rico" title="Utuado, Puerto Rico">Utuado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vega_Alta,_Puerto_Rico" title="Vega Alta, Puerto Rico">Vega Alta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vega_Baja,_Puerto_Rico" title="Vega Baja, Puerto Rico">Vega Baja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vieques,_Puerto_Rico" title="Vieques, Puerto Rico">Vieques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villalba,_Puerto_Rico" title="Villalba, Puerto Rico">Villalba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yabucoa,_Puerto_Rico" title="Yabucoa, Puerto Rico">Yabucoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yauco,_Puerto_Rico" title="Yauco, Puerto Rico">Yauco</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Puerto_Rico&oldid=1253290445">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Puerto_Rico&oldid=1253290445</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" 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