CINXE.COM

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class="wp-block-group short-read has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"><div class="wp-block-template-part"><div class="wp-block-template-part"> <div class="wp-block-group is-style-default has-ui-text-color-color has-text-color has-link-color has-sans-serif-font-family wp-elements-1f888b2cd1bd3ce5577476d2b770b6f6 is-content-justification-space-between is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-16 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex" style="font-size:13px;letter-spacing:1px;text-transform:uppercase"> <div class="wp-block-group wp-container-content-7 is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-15 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex"><div style="font-size:12px;" class="wp-elements-7553107f1156318a59231d9e6a93299e wp-block-prc-block-post-taxonomy-terms has-text-color has-ui-gray-very-dark-color is-horizontal is-content-justification-left is-layout-flex wp-container-prc-block-post-taxonomy-terms-is-layout-1 wp-block-prc-block-post-taxonomy-terms-is-layout-flex"><ul class="wp-block-prc-block-post-taxonomy-terms__list"><li class="wp-block-prc-block-post-taxonomy-terms__list-item"><span>Short Reads</span></li></ul></div> <p class="has-ui-gray-very-dark-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-da0b90393b94103d02aba1ee6ebe4913" style="font-size:12px">|</p> <div style="font-size:12px;" class="has-link-color wp-elements-0ebc8bd266fb39786d774446257bd21b wp-block-post-date has-text-color has-ui-gray-very-dark-color"><time datetime="2024-10-17T10:55:32-04:00">October 17, 2024</time></div></div> <ul class="wp-block-social-links has-small-icon-size has-icon-color is-style-logos-only is-layout-flex wp-container-core-social-links-is-layout-1 wp-block-social-links-is-layout-flex"><div style="--block-gap:inherit;" class="wp-block-prc-block-social-share-sheet" data-wp-interactive="{"namespace":"prc-block\/social-share-sheet"}" 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href="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/plugins/prc-icon-library/build/icons/sprites/solid.svg#up-from-bracket"></use></svg></i></a></div></ul> </div> </div> <h1 aria-level="1" data-post-type="short-read" class="wp-block-post-title has-h-one-font-size">Key facts about union members and the 2024 election</h1> <div class="wp-elements-73966845157d3bc186be5b140d45c499 wp-block-prc-block-bylines-display has-small-label-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-prc-block-bylines-display-is-layout-1 wp-block-prc-block-bylines-display-is-layout-flex" class="wp-block-prc-block-bylines-display__bylines"><span class="wp-block-prc-block-bylines-display__prefix">By</span> <a rel="author" href="https://www.pewresearch.org/staff/andy-cerda/" aria-label="View author archive for Andy Cerda">Andy Cerda</a></div></div> <div class="entry-content wp-elements-61965727119a064f24745c828df033dc wp-block-post-content is-layout-flow wp-block-post-content-is-layout-flow"> <figure class="wp-block-image size-640-wide"><img data-dominant-color="6e575a" data-has-transparency="false" style="--dominant-color: #6e575a;" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="1280" height="720" src="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_feature.png?w=640" alt="(Left) A union worker attends the Democratic National Convention in Chicago on Aug. 22, 2024. (Right) Guests hold signs during a campaign rally for former President Donald Trump held at an automotive parts manufacturer in Clinton Township, Michigan, on Sept. 27, 2023. (Kevin Dietsch and Scott Olson/Getty Images)" class="wp-image-189800 not-transparent" srcset="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_feature.png 1280w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_feature.png?resize=300,169 300w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_feature.png?resize=768,432 768w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_feature.png?resize=1024,576 1024w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_feature.png?resize=720,405 720w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_feature.png?resize=200,113 200w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_feature.png?resize=260,146 260w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_feature.png?resize=310,174 310w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_feature.png?resize=420,236 420w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_feature.png?resize=640,360 640w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_feature.png?resize=740,416 740w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_feature.png?resize=160,90 160w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_feature.png?resize=320,180 320w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_feature.png?resize=540,304 540w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_feature.png?resize=564,317 564w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_feature.png?resize=1128,634 1128w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_feature.png?resize=690,388 690w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_feature.png?resize=268,151 268w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_feature.png?resize=536,302 536w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_feature.png?resize=194,110 194w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_feature.png?resize=148,84 148w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_feature.png?resize=296,168 296w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">(Left) A union worker attends the Democratic National Convention in Chicago on Aug. 22, 2024. (Right) Guests hold signs during a campaign rally for former President Donald Trump held at an automotive parts manufacturer in Clinton Township, Michigan, on Sept. 27, 2023. (Kevin Dietsch and Scott Olson/Getty Images)</figcaption></figure> <p>Long seen as a core constituency of the Democratic Party, voters who belong to labor unions are increasingly being courted by both political parties. In this year’s presidential election, the campaigns of former President <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2024/07/16/politics/teamsters-president-rnc-what-matters/index.html#:~:text=It%20was%20a%20remarkable%20moment%20Monday%20night%20at">Donald Trump</a> and Vice President <a href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2024/08/19/labor-union-presidents-endorse-kamala-harris-dnc/74857741007/#:~:text=Presidents%20of%20AFSCME,%20SEIU,%20LiUNA,%20IBEW,%20CWA%20and">Kamala Harris</a> have made high-profile efforts to win the support of union members. And union workers are a <a href="https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/how-union-workers-in-battleground-states-could-swing-the-election#:~:text=With%20a%20little%20more%20than%20two%20months%20to">crucial voting bloc in several battleground states</a> that will likely determine who wins the White House.</p> <p>Here are five facts about unions and union members, drawn from recent Pew Research Center surveys and federal data.</p> <div style="--block-gap: inherit; border-width:1px; padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);" class="wp-block-prc-block-collapsible has-background has-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-border-color has-ui-beige-dark-border-color" id="how-we-did-this" data-wp-interactive="{"namespace":"prc-block\/collapsible"}" data-wp-context="{"collapsibleId":"how-we-did-this","isOpen":false}" data-wp-class--is-open="context.isOpen" data-wp-init--scroll-into-view="callbacks.onInitScrollIntoView"><div class="wp-block-prc-block-collapsible__title" data-wp-on--click="actions.onClick"><div>How we did this</div><button class="wp-block-prc-block-collapsible__icon"><span data-wp-bind--hidden="context.isOpen"><i class="icon icon-library__light icon__circle-plus"><svg style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><use href="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/plugins/prc-icon-library/build/icons/sprites/light.svg#circle-plus"></use></svg></i></span><span data-wp-bind--hidden="!context.isOpen" hidden><i class="icon icon-library__light icon__circle-minus"><svg style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><use href="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/plugins/prc-icon-library/build/icons/sprites/light.svg#circle-minus"></use></svg></i></span></button></div><div class="wp-block-prc-block-collapsible__content"> <p>Pew Research Center conducted this analysis to summarize key facts about union members and Americans’ views about unions ahead of the 2024 presidential election. We used data from Center surveys as well as federal data sources to provide insights into union members’ views, such as their party affiliation and vote choice. This data also highlights how Americans view declining union membership and the effect of labor unions on society.</p> <p>Links to these data sources are available in the text. The links to the Center surveys include information about the questions used, sample sizes and other methodological details.</p> </div></div> <p class="is-style-has-big-number"><strong>The majority of union members align with the Democratic Party.</strong> About six-in-ten voters who belong to a union (59%) identify with or lean toward the Democratic Party, while about four-in-ten (39%) associate with the GOP, according to <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2024/04/09/partisanship-by-family-income-home-ownership-union-membership-and-veteran-status/#union-members-remain-more-democratic-than-republican">2023 Center survey data</a>.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image alignright size-640-wide is-resized"><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/?attachment_id=189727"><img data-dominant-color="eceaea" data-has-transparency="false" decoding="async" width="840" height="716" src="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_1.png?w=640" alt="A bar chart showing that half of union members support Kamala Harris for president, while 43% favor Donald Trump." class="wp-image-189727 not-transparent" style="--dominant-color: #eceaea; width:420px" srcset="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_1.png 840w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_1.png?resize=300,256 300w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_1.png?resize=768,655 768w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_1.png?resize=475,405 475w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_1.png?resize=200,170 200w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_1.png?resize=260,222 260w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_1.png?resize=310,264 310w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_1.png?resize=420,358 420w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_1.png?resize=640,546 640w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_1.png?resize=740,631 740w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_1.png?resize=160,136 160w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_1.png?resize=320,273 320w" sizes="(max-width: 420px) 100vw, 420px" /></a></figure> <p><strong>Half of union voters</strong> <strong>say they would support Harris</strong> <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2024/10/10/most-voters-say-harris-will-concede-and-trump-wont-if-defeated-in-the-election/">if the election were held today</a> and 43% say they would support Trump, though this gap is within the survey’s <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2016/09/08/understanding-the-margin-of-error-in-election-polls/">margin of error</a>. Another 6% favor a third-party candidate.</p> <p>Voters who do <em>not</em> belong to a union are about equally likely to align with either party. And they are equally divided in their presidential vote preferences: 47% would vote for Trump, while 47% would choose Harris. Another 5% would back a third-party candidate.</p> <p class="is-style-has-big-number"><strong>The share of U.S. workers who belong to a union has fallen over the past four decades.</strong> <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2014/02/20/for-american-unions-membership-trails-far-behind-public-support/">In 1983</a>, 20.1% of American workers were represented by a union. <a href="https://www.reuters.com/markets/us/us-union-membership-rate-hits-fresh-record-low-2023-labor-dept-2024-01-23/">By 2023</a>, 10.0% of U.S. workers were in a union, according to data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics.</p> <p>As of 2023, union membership was much higher among workers <a href="https://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/union2.pdf">employed in the public sector</a> than the private sector (32.5% vs. 6.0%).</p> <p>Unionization rates are the lowest in the Southeast and highest in the Northeast, Alaska and Hawaii. A <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2021/03/29/amazon-vote-comes-amid-recent-uptick-in-u-s-unionization-rate/">Pew Research Center analysis in 2020</a> found that 3.1% of workers in North Carolina and 2.9% in South Carolina were unionized, compared with 22.0% in New York, 17.8% in Rhode Island, 17.7% in Alaska and 23.7% in Hawaii.</p> <p class="is-style-has-big-number"><strong>Majorities of Americans say declining union membership is bad for the country (54%) and for working people (59%),</strong> according to a <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2024/03/12/majorities-of-adults-see-decline-of-union-membership-as-bad-for-the-us-and-working-people/">January 2024 Center survey</a>.</p> <p>Democrats are more likely than Republicans to view the decline in union membership as bad.</p> <ul style="--block-gap: inherit;" class="wp-block-list"> <li>69% of Democrats say the decline has been bad for the country, and 74% say it has been bad for working people.</li> <li>40% of Republicans say the decline has been bad for the country, and 43% say it has been bad for workers.</li> </ul> <figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-640-wide is-resized"><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/?attachment_id=189726"><img data-dominant-color="eae9e3" data-has-transparency="false" decoding="async" width="620" height="1028" src="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_2.png?w=620" alt="A diverging bar chart showing a large partisan differences on whether decline in union membership has been bad for the U.S. or working people." class="wp-image-189726 not-transparent" style="--dominant-color: #eae9e3; width:310px" srcset="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_2.png 620w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_2.png?resize=181,300 181w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_2.png?resize=618,1024 618w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_2.png?resize=244,405 244w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_2.png?resize=200,332 200w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_2.png?resize=260,431 260w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_2.png?resize=310,514 310w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_2.png?resize=420,696 420w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_2.png?resize=160,265 160w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_2.png?resize=320,531 320w" sizes="(max-width: 310px) 100vw, 310px" /></a></figure> <p class="is-style-has-big-number"><strong>Like voters overall, voters who belong to unions are more likely to say Harris’ policies would be better for union members than Trump’s.</strong> While 38% of voters overall say Harris’ policies would <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2024/09/25/how-voters-expect-harris-and-trumps-policies-to-affect-different-groups-in-society/">make things better for union members</a>, 28% say this about Trump’s policies, according to a September 2024 Center survey.</p> <p><strong>Among voters who are in a union, 43% say Harris would improve things for union members, while 26% say this about Trump.</strong> By contrast, 46% of union voters say Trump’s policies would make things <em>worse</em> for union members. Just 23% of union voters say this about Harris’ policies.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-640-wide is-resized"><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/?attachment_id=189728"><img data-dominant-color="e7e4dd" data-has-transparency="false" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="840" height="892" src="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_3.png?w=640" alt="A stacked bar chart showing that union members are more likely to say Harris’ policies would be better for them than Trump’s." class="wp-image-189728 not-transparent" style="--dominant-color: #e7e4dd; width:420px" srcset="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_3.png 840w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_3.png?resize=283,300 283w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_3.png?resize=768,816 768w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_3.png?resize=381,405 381w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_3.png?resize=200,212 200w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_3.png?resize=260,276 260w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_3.png?resize=310,329 310w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_3.png?resize=420,446 420w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_3.png?resize=640,680 640w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_3.png?resize=740,786 740w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_3.png?resize=160,170 160w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_3.png?resize=320,340 320w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 420px) 100vw, 420px" /></a></figure> <p class="is-style-has-big-number"><strong>A majority of Americans (55%) say labor unions have a positive effect on the country, </strong>while about four-in-ten (41%) say they have a negative impact, according to the Center’s January survey.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image alignright size-640-wide is-resized"><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/?attachment_id=189725"><img data-dominant-color="f1eee6" data-has-transparency="false" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="620" height="1044" src="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_4.png?w=620" alt="A diverging bar chart showing that Democrats are more than twice as likely as Republicans to say labor unions have a positive effect on the country." class="wp-image-189725 not-transparent" style="--dominant-color: #f1eee6; width:310px" srcset="https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_4.png 620w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_4.png?resize=178,300 178w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_4.png?resize=608,1024 608w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_4.png?resize=241,405 241w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_4.png?resize=200,337 200w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_4.png?resize=260,438 260w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_4.png?resize=310,522 310w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_4.png?resize=420,707 420w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_4.png?resize=160,269 160w, https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2024/10/SR_24.10.17_unions-and-elections_4.png?resize=320,539 320w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 310px) 100vw, 310px" /></a></figure> <p>There are large partisan and ideological differences in <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2024/02/01/labor-unions/">views of how labor unions impact the country</a>.</p> <ul style="--block-gap: inherit;" class="wp-block-list"> <li><strong>75% of Democrats believe labor unions have a positive effect on the country,</strong> while about a quarter (23%) say they have a <em>negative</em> impact. More Liberal Democrats (86%) than conservative or moderate Democrats (66%) say labor unions affect the country positively.</li> <li><strong>35% of Republicans believe labor unions have a positive effect on American society,</strong> compared with 61% who say unions have a negative impact. Negative views are higher among conservative Republicans (69%) than moderates or liberal Republicans (47%).</li> </ul> <p><strong>About three-quarters of union members (74%) say labor unions have a positive effect on the country. </strong>A smaller share of nonmembers (53%) say the same.</p> </div> <div class="wp-block-template-part"> <div class="wp-block-group has-link-color has-small-label-font-size wp-elements-3dfceb1d3fdbf6eac0e18f709babca34 is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow"> <div class="wp-block-group has-sans-serif-font-family is-content-justification-left is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-17 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex" style="font-size:13px"> <p class="has-ui-gray-dark-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-7b28dc0ba6bcf4ba4718401e5b93f999">Topics</p> <div style="--separator: ","" class="has-separator wp-elements-96ecf431436eca2f7b6b31a452a595f0 wp-block-prc-block-post-taxonomy-terms has-text-color has-ui-link-color-color wp-container-content-9 is-horizontal is-content-justification-left is-layout-flex wp-container-prc-block-post-taxonomy-terms-is-layout-2 wp-block-prc-block-post-taxonomy-terms-is-layout-flex"><ul class="wp-block-prc-block-post-taxonomy-terms__list"><li class="wp-block-prc-block-post-taxonomy-terms__list-item"><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/topic/politics-policy/us-elections-voters/election-2024/">Election 2024</a></li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-post-taxonomy-terms__list-item"><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/topic/politics-policy/political-parties-polarization/">Political Parties & Polarization</a></li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-post-taxonomy-terms__list-item"><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/topic/politics-policy/political-parties-polarization/political-polarization/">Political Polarization</a></li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-post-taxonomy-terms__list-item"><a 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has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color"><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/topic/politics-policy/political-parties-polarization/political-polarization/">Political Polarization</a></li><li class="wp-block-prc-block-post-taxonomy-terms__list-item has-hover-background-color has-hover-ui-beige-very-light-background-color has-active-background-color has-active-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-focus-background-color has-focus-ui-gray-very-light-background-color"><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/topic/economy-work/business-workplace/unions/">Unions</a></li></ul></div></div> <div class="wp-block-group is-style-baseball-card align-to__column-divider is-layout-flow wp-container-core-group-is-layout-31 wp-block-group-is-layout-flow" style="margin-top:2rem;margin-bottom:2rem"> <h3 class="wp-block-heading baseball-card__heading has-ui-white-color has-ui-black-background-color has-text-color has-background has-sans-serif-font-family" id="most-popular" style="margin-bottom:1.25rem;font-size:14px">Most Popular</h3> <div class="wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-30 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="padding-right:1rem;padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)"> <div class="wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-container-core-group-is-layout-29 wp-block-group-is-layout-flow has-interior-divider has-ui-gray-light-interior-divider-color" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0"><aside class="wp-block-prc-block-popular-story"><div class="big-number">1</div><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2024/12/06/striking-findings-from-2024/" class="title">Striking findings from 2024</a></aside> <aside class="wp-block-prc-block-popular-story"><div class="big-number">2</div><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2024/12/04/voters-broadly-positive-about-how-elections-were-conducted-in-sharp-contrast-to-2020/" class="title">Voters Broadly Positive About How Elections Were Conducted, in Sharp Contrast to 2020</a></aside> <aside class="wp-block-prc-block-popular-story"><div class="big-number">3</div><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/fact-sheet/social-media/" class="title">Social Media Fact Sheet</a></aside> <aside class="wp-block-prc-block-popular-story"><div class="big-number">4</div><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/race-and-ethnicity/2024/10/09/why-asian-immigrants-come-to-the-u-s-and-how-they-view-life-here/" class="title">Why Asian Immigrants Come to the U.S. and How They View Life Here</a></aside> <aside class="wp-block-prc-block-popular-story"><div class="big-number">5</div><a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2024/12/02/most-americans-continue-to-say-media-scrutiny-keeps-politicians-from-doing-things-they-shouldnt/" class="title">Most Americans continue to say media scrutiny keeps politicians from doing things they shouldn’t</a></aside></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div class="wp-block-template-part"> <div id="site-footer" class="wp-block-group prc-block-theme-site-footer has-ui-gray-very-light-background-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-37 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="border-top-color:var(--wp--preset--color--ui-gray-light);border-top-width:1px;border-bottom-color:var(--wp--preset--color--ui-gray-light);border-bottom-width:1px;margin-top:1rem;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><div style="--grid-gutter: var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);" class="has-divider has-ui-gray-very-light-divider-color is-vertically-aligned-top alignwide wp-block-prc-block-grid-controller"> <div style="padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);" 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