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Learn Performance  |  web.dev

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It covers key web performance concepts and techniques for improving performance."> <meta property="og:description" content="This course is designed for those new to web performance, a vital aspect of the user experience. It covers key web performance concepts and techniques for improving performance."><meta property="og:url" content="https://web.dev/learn/performance"><meta property="og:image" content="https://web.dev/learn/performance/card.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="675"><meta property="og:locale" content="en"><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary"><meta name="twitter:image" content="https://web.dev/static/images/social-wide.jpg"><meta name="twitter:site" content="@ChromiumDev"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/extras.css"></head> <body class="" template="playlist" theme="web-theme" type="playlist" appearance layout="full" pending> <devsite-progress type="indeterminate" id="app-progress"></devsite-progress> <a href="#main-content" class="skip-link button"> Skip to main content </a> <section class="devsite-wrapper"> <devsite-cookie-notification-bar></devsite-cookie-notification-bar><devsite-header role="banner"> <div 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<h1 class="devsite-playlist-title">Learn Performance</h1> <div class="devsite-playlist-details"></div> <p> This course is designed for those new to web performance, a vital aspect of the user experience. It covers key web performance concepts and techniques for improving performance.<br> <a class="button devsite-playlist-return-button gc-analytics-event" data-category="devsite-playlist: go back button" hidden> Go back </a> </p> <div class="devsite-playlist-summary"> <div> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist-summary-details"> &nbsp; </div> <div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--header-badge-info"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--sections"> <div class="devsite-playlist--section" type="article" id="article-https://web.dev/learn/performance/welcome" path="https://web.dev/learn/performance/welcome" > <div class="devsite-playlist--inner"> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top"> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-index"> <span class="num"></span> <i class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true">check_circle</i> <devsite-spinner size="30" single-color="#aecbfa"></devsite-spinner> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-title"> <h2> Welcome to Learn Performance! </h2> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-controls"> <button class="toggle gc-analytics-event" data-category="devsite-playlist: toggle button"> <i class="material-icons arrow--down" aria-label="Show more details.">keyboard_arrow_down</i> <i class="material-icons arrow--up" aria-label="Show fewer details.">keyboard_arrow_up</i> </button> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--meta"> <i class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true">subject</i> Article </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--content"> <p> This course is designed for those new to web performance, a vital aspect of the user experience. It covers key web performance concepts and techniques for improving performance. </p> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--actions"> <a href="https://web.dev/learn/performance/welcome" target="_blank" class="button button-primary button-returnto playlist-article gc-analytics-event" data-category="devsite-playlist: read article button" data-label="path: https://web.dev/learn/performance/welcome"> Read article </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--section" type="article" id="article-https://web.dev/learn/performance/why-speed-matters" path="https://web.dev/learn/performance/why-speed-matters" > <div class="devsite-playlist--inner"> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top"> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-index"> <span class="num"></span> <i class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true">check_circle</i> <devsite-spinner size="30" single-color="#aecbfa"></devsite-spinner> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-title"> <h2> Why speed matters </h2> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-controls"> <button class="toggle gc-analytics-event" data-category="devsite-playlist: toggle button"> <i class="material-icons arrow--down" aria-label="Show more details.">keyboard_arrow_down</i> <i class="material-icons arrow--up" aria-label="Show fewer details.">keyboard_arrow_up</i> </button> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--meta"> <i class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true">subject</i> Article </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--content"> <p> Before you can get started with learning performance, you first have to understand its role in the user experience, and how it can result in better outcomes for users. This course starts off with a brief introduction into these topics, giving vital context as to why it's important to learn performance. </p> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--actions"> <a href="https://web.dev/learn/performance/why-speed-matters" target="_blank" class="button button-primary button-returnto playlist-article gc-analytics-event" data-category="devsite-playlist: read article button" data-label="path: https://web.dev/learn/performance/why-speed-matters"> Read article </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--section" type="article" id="article-https://web.dev/learn/performance/general-html-performance" path="https://web.dev/learn/performance/general-html-performance" > <div class="devsite-playlist--inner"> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top"> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-index"> <span class="num"></span> <i class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true">check_circle</i> <devsite-spinner size="30" single-color="#aecbfa"></devsite-spinner> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-title"> <h2> General HTML performance considerations </h2> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-controls"> <button class="toggle gc-analytics-event" data-category="devsite-playlist: toggle button"> <i class="material-icons arrow--down" aria-label="Show more details.">keyboard_arrow_down</i> <i class="material-icons arrow--up" aria-label="Show fewer details.">keyboard_arrow_up</i> </button> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--meta"> <i class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true">subject</i> Article </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--content"> <p> Every website starts with a request for an HTML document, that request has a big role to play in how fast your website loads. This module covers important concepts such as HTML caching, parser blocking, render blocking, and more, so you can ensure the first request for your website's HTML is off on the right foot. </p> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--actions"> <a href="https://web.dev/learn/performance/general-html-performance" target="_blank" class="button button-primary button-returnto playlist-article gc-analytics-event" data-category="devsite-playlist: read article button" data-label="path: https://web.dev/learn/performance/general-html-performance"> Read article </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--section" type="article" id="article-https://web.dev/learn/performance/understanding-the-critical-path" path="https://web.dev/learn/performance/understanding-the-critical-path" > <div class="devsite-playlist--inner"> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top"> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-index"> <span class="num"></span> <i class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true">check_circle</i> <devsite-spinner size="30" single-color="#aecbfa"></devsite-spinner> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-title"> <h2> Understanding the critical path </h2> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-controls"> <button class="toggle gc-analytics-event" data-category="devsite-playlist: toggle button"> <i class="material-icons arrow--down" aria-label="Show more details.">keyboard_arrow_down</i> <i class="material-icons arrow--up" aria-label="Show fewer details.">keyboard_arrow_up</i> </button> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--meta"> <i class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true">subject</i> Article </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--content"> <p> The critical rendering path is a concept in web performance that deals with how quickly the initial rendering of a page appears in the browser. This module goes into the theory behind the critical rendering path, covering concepts such as render-blocking and parser-blocking resources, and how they play a key role in how quickly a page appears in the browser. </p> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--actions"> <a href="https://web.dev/learn/performance/understanding-the-critical-path" target="_blank" class="button button-primary button-returnto playlist-article gc-analytics-event" data-category="devsite-playlist: read article button" data-label="path: https://web.dev/learn/performance/understanding-the-critical-path"> Read article </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--section" type="article" id="article-https://web.dev/learn/performance/optimize-resource-loading" path="https://web.dev/learn/performance/optimize-resource-loading" > <div class="devsite-playlist--inner"> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top"> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-index"> <span class="num"></span> <i class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true">check_circle</i> <devsite-spinner size="30" single-color="#aecbfa"></devsite-spinner> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-title"> <h2> Optimize resource loading </h2> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-controls"> <button class="toggle gc-analytics-event" data-category="devsite-playlist: toggle button"> <i class="material-icons arrow--down" aria-label="Show more details.">keyboard_arrow_down</i> <i class="material-icons arrow--up" aria-label="Show fewer details.">keyboard_arrow_up</i> </button> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--meta"> <i class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true">subject</i> Article </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--content"> <p> As a page loads, many resources are referenced within its HTML that provide a page with its appearance and layout through CSS, as well as its interactivity through JavaScript. In this module, a number of important concepts related to these resources and how they affect a page's load time are covered. </p> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--actions"> <a href="https://web.dev/learn/performance/optimize-resource-loading" target="_blank" class="button button-primary button-returnto playlist-article gc-analytics-event" data-category="devsite-playlist: read article button" data-label="path: https://web.dev/learn/performance/optimize-resource-loading"> Read article </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--section" type="article" id="article-https://web.dev/learn/performance/resource-hints" path="https://web.dev/learn/performance/resource-hints" > <div class="devsite-playlist--inner"> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top"> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-index"> <span class="num"></span> <i class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true">check_circle</i> <devsite-spinner size="30" single-color="#aecbfa"></devsite-spinner> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-title"> <h2> Assist the browser with resource hints </h2> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-controls"> <button class="toggle gc-analytics-event" data-category="devsite-playlist: toggle button"> <i class="material-icons arrow--down" aria-label="Show more details.">keyboard_arrow_down</i> <i class="material-icons arrow--up" aria-label="Show fewer details.">keyboard_arrow_up</i> </button> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--meta"> <i class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true">subject</i> Article </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--content"> <p> Resource hints are a collection of features available in HTML that can assist the browser in loading resources earlier and possibly even with higher resource priority. In this module, a few resource hints that can help your pages load even faster are covered. </p> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--actions"> <a href="https://web.dev/learn/performance/resource-hints" target="_blank" class="button button-primary button-returnto playlist-article gc-analytics-event" data-category="devsite-playlist: read article button" data-label="path: https://web.dev/learn/performance/resource-hints"> Read article </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--section" type="article" id="article-https://web.dev/learn/performance/image-performance" path="https://web.dev/learn/performance/image-performance" > <div class="devsite-playlist--inner"> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top"> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-index"> <span class="num"></span> <i class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true">check_circle</i> <devsite-spinner size="30" single-color="#aecbfa"></devsite-spinner> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-title"> <h2> Image performance </h2> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-controls"> <button class="toggle gc-analytics-event" data-category="devsite-playlist: toggle button"> <i class="material-icons arrow--down" aria-label="Show more details.">keyboard_arrow_down</i> <i class="material-icons arrow--up" aria-label="Show fewer details.">keyboard_arrow_up</i> </button> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--meta"> <i class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true">subject</i> Article </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--content"> <p> Images represent a large portion of the data transferred on many web pages today. This module covers how to optimize images, as well as serve them efficiently so that you minimize wasted bytes, regardless of the user's device. </p> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--actions"> <a href="https://web.dev/learn/performance/image-performance" target="_blank" class="button button-primary button-returnto playlist-article gc-analytics-event" data-category="devsite-playlist: read article button" data-label="path: https://web.dev/learn/performance/image-performance"> Read article </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--section" type="article" id="article-https://web.dev/learn/performance/video-performance" path="https://web.dev/learn/performance/video-performance" > <div class="devsite-playlist--inner"> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top"> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-index"> <span class="num"></span> <i class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true">check_circle</i> <devsite-spinner size="30" single-color="#aecbfa"></devsite-spinner> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-title"> <h2> Video performance </h2> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-controls"> <button class="toggle gc-analytics-event" data-category="devsite-playlist: toggle button"> <i class="material-icons arrow--down" aria-label="Show more details.">keyboard_arrow_down</i> <i class="material-icons arrow--up" aria-label="Show fewer details.">keyboard_arrow_up</i> </button> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--meta"> <i class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true">subject</i> Article </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--content"> <p> Video is a media type used often on web pages鈥攂ut knowing how to serve them efficiently is one aspect of performance you shouldn't overlook. This module covers some key techniques for embedding videos in such a way that your website stays fast, as well adjacent performance considerations that can arise with their use. </p> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--actions"> <a href="https://web.dev/learn/performance/video-performance" target="_blank" class="button button-primary button-returnto playlist-article gc-analytics-event" data-category="devsite-playlist: read article button" data-label="path: https://web.dev/learn/performance/video-performance"> Read article </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--section" type="article" id="article-https://web.dev/learn/performance/optimize-web-fonts" path="https://web.dev/learn/performance/optimize-web-fonts" > <div class="devsite-playlist--inner"> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top"> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-index"> <span class="num"></span> <i class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true">check_circle</i> <devsite-spinner size="30" single-color="#aecbfa"></devsite-spinner> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-title"> <h2> Optimize web fonts </h2> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-controls"> <button class="toggle gc-analytics-event" data-category="devsite-playlist: toggle button"> <i class="material-icons arrow--down" aria-label="Show more details.">keyboard_arrow_down</i> <i class="material-icons arrow--up" aria-label="Show fewer details.">keyboard_arrow_up</i> </button> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--meta"> <i class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true">subject</i> Article </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--content"> <p> Web fonts are a commonly used resource on the web鈥攁nd rightfully so鈥攁s they add to the design of a website in ways that other resources can't. Even so, web fonts still have a performance cost. In this module, a number of performance considerations and techniques around web fonts are explored. </p> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--actions"> <a href="https://web.dev/learn/performance/optimize-web-fonts" target="_blank" class="button button-primary button-returnto playlist-article gc-analytics-event" data-category="devsite-playlist: read article button" data-label="path: https://web.dev/learn/performance/optimize-web-fonts"> Read article </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--section" type="article" id="article-https://web.dev/learn/performance/code-split-javascript" path="https://web.dev/learn/performance/code-split-javascript" > <div class="devsite-playlist--inner"> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top"> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-index"> <span class="num"></span> <i class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true">check_circle</i> <devsite-spinner size="30" single-color="#aecbfa"></devsite-spinner> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-title"> <h2> Code-split JavaScript </h2> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-controls"> <button class="toggle gc-analytics-event" data-category="devsite-playlist: toggle button"> <i class="material-icons arrow--down" aria-label="Show more details.">keyboard_arrow_down</i> <i class="material-icons arrow--up" aria-label="Show fewer details.">keyboard_arrow_up</i> </button> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--meta"> <i class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true">subject</i> Article </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--content"> <p> Some resources are not crucial to a web page's initial load. JavaScript is one such resource that can be deferred until the time of need through a technique known as code splitting. By doing so, you can improve performance by lowering bandwidth and CPU contention鈥攁 critical consideration for improving both initial page load speed and input responsiveness during startup. </p> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--actions"> <a href="https://web.dev/learn/performance/code-split-javascript" target="_blank" class="button button-primary button-returnto playlist-article gc-analytics-event" data-category="devsite-playlist: read article button" data-label="path: https://web.dev/learn/performance/code-split-javascript"> Read article </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--section" type="article" id="article-https://web.dev/learn/performance/lazy-load-images-and-iframe-elements" path="https://web.dev/learn/performance/lazy-load-images-and-iframe-elements" > <div class="devsite-playlist--inner"> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top"> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-index"> <span class="num"></span> <i class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true">check_circle</i> <devsite-spinner size="30" single-color="#aecbfa"></devsite-spinner> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-title"> <h2> Lazy load images and iframe elements </h2> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-controls"> <button class="toggle gc-analytics-event" data-category="devsite-playlist: toggle button"> <i class="material-icons arrow--down" aria-label="Show more details.">keyboard_arrow_down</i> <i class="material-icons arrow--up" aria-label="Show fewer details.">keyboard_arrow_up</i> </button> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--meta"> <i class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true">subject</i> Article </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--content"> <p> Images and iframe elements can consume significant bandwidth and CPU processing time. However, not all images and iframe elements need to be loaded during the initial page load, and can be deferred to a later time in which the user is likeliest to see them. This technique is known as _lazy loading_. In this module, lazy loading images and iframe elements is explained so you can get your pages to load faster and only consume bandwidth and processing time only when needed. </p> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--actions"> <a href="https://web.dev/learn/performance/lazy-load-images-and-iframe-elements" target="_blank" class="button button-primary button-returnto playlist-article gc-analytics-event" data-category="devsite-playlist: read article button" data-label="path: https://web.dev/learn/performance/lazy-load-images-and-iframe-elements"> Read article </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--section" type="article" id="article-https://web.dev/learn/performance/prefetching-prerendering-precaching" path="https://web.dev/learn/performance/prefetching-prerendering-precaching" > <div class="devsite-playlist--inner"> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top"> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-index"> <span class="num"></span> <i class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true">check_circle</i> <devsite-spinner size="30" single-color="#aecbfa"></devsite-spinner> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-title"> <h2> Prefetching, prerendering, and service worker precaching </h2> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-controls"> <button class="toggle gc-analytics-event" data-category="devsite-playlist: toggle button"> <i class="material-icons arrow--down" aria-label="Show more details.">keyboard_arrow_down</i> <i class="material-icons arrow--up" aria-label="Show fewer details.">keyboard_arrow_up</i> </button> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--meta"> <i class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true">subject</i> Article </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--content"> <p> While much of performance deals with what you can do to optimize and eliminate unnecessary resources, it may seem a bit paradoxical to suggest that some resources should be loaded before they're needed. However, there are some cases in which it _might_ be appropriate to load certain resources ahead of time. In this module, this aspect of performance is explored, as prefetching, prerendering, and service worker precaching are discussed. </p> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--actions"> <a href="https://web.dev/learn/performance/prefetching-prerendering-precaching" target="_blank" class="button button-primary button-returnto playlist-article gc-analytics-event" data-category="devsite-playlist: read article button" data-label="path: https://web.dev/learn/performance/prefetching-prerendering-precaching"> Read article </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--section" type="article" id="article-https://web.dev/learn/performance/web-worker-overview" path="https://web.dev/learn/performance/web-worker-overview" > <div class="devsite-playlist--inner"> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top"> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-index"> <span class="num"></span> <i class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true">check_circle</i> <devsite-spinner size="30" single-color="#aecbfa"></devsite-spinner> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-title"> <h2> An overview of web workers </h2> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-controls"> <button class="toggle gc-analytics-event" data-category="devsite-playlist: toggle button"> <i class="material-icons arrow--down" aria-label="Show more details.">keyboard_arrow_down</i> <i class="material-icons arrow--up" aria-label="Show fewer details.">keyboard_arrow_up</i> </button> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--meta"> <i class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true">subject</i> Article </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--content"> <p> Much of what the user sees in the browser occurs on a single thread known as the _main thread_. However, there are opportunities where you can start up new threads to do computationally expensive work so that the main thread can accommodate important user-facing tasks. The API that does this is known as the Web Worker API, and in this module, the basics of it are covered. </p> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--actions"> <a href="https://web.dev/learn/performance/web-worker-overview" target="_blank" class="button button-primary button-returnto playlist-article gc-analytics-event" data-category="devsite-playlist: read article button" data-label="path: https://web.dev/learn/performance/web-worker-overview"> Read article </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--section" type="article" id="article-https://web.dev/learn/performance/web-worker-demo" path="https://web.dev/learn/performance/web-worker-demo" > <div class="devsite-playlist--inner"> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top"> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-index"> <span class="num"></span> <i class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true">check_circle</i> <devsite-spinner size="30" single-color="#aecbfa"></devsite-spinner> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-title"> <h2> A concrete web worker use case </h2> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item-top-controls"> <button class="toggle gc-analytics-event" data-category="devsite-playlist: toggle button"> <i class="material-icons arrow--down" aria-label="Show more details.">keyboard_arrow_down</i> <i class="material-icons arrow--up" aria-label="Show fewer details.">keyboard_arrow_up</i> </button> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--meta"> <i class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true">subject</i> Article </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--content"> <p> Now that you have a basic understanding of web workers and their capabilities and limitations, it's time to take a look at a concrete use case for a web worker. In this demo, a web worker is used to fetch a JPEG file, extract its metadata, and send it back to the main thread so the user can see it in the browser. </p> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--item--actions"> <a href="https://web.dev/learn/performance/web-worker-demo" target="_blank" class="button button-primary button-returnto playlist-article gc-analytics-event" data-category="devsite-playlist: read article button" data-label="path: https://web.dev/learn/performance/web-worker-demo"> Read article </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-playlist--footer"> <devsite-thumb-rating position="main" disable-categories></devsite-thumb-rating> </div> </devsite-playlist> </div> <div class="devsite-floating-action-buttons"> </div> </article> <devsite-notification > </devsite-notification> <div class="devsite-content-data"> <template class="devsite-content-data-template"> [[["Easy to understand","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Solved my problem","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Other","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Missing the information I need","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["Too complicated / too many steps","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["Out of date","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["Samples / code issue","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["Other","otherDown","thumb-down"]],[],[],[]] </template> </div> </devsite-content> </main> <devsite-footer-promos class="devsite-footer"> </devsite-footer-promos> <devsite-footer-linkboxes class="devsite-footer"> <nav class="devsite-footer-linkboxes nocontent" aria-label="Footer links"> <ul class="devsite-footer-linkboxes-list"> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox wd-footer-promo"> <h3 class="devsite-footer-linkbox-heading no-link">web.dev</h3> <ul class="devsite-footer-linkbox-list"> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <h3 class="devsite-footer-linkbox-heading no-link"> web.dev </h3> <div class="devsite-footer-linkbox-description">We want to help you build beautiful, accessible, fast, and secure websites that work cross-browser, and for all of your users. 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