CINXE.COM

Evolution Right Before our Eyes | Green Science | Learn Science at Scitable

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en"> <head> <script src="https://cmp.nature.com/production_live/consent-bundle-8-latest.js"></script> <title>Evolution Right Before our Eyes | Green Science | Learn Science at Scitable</title> <meta name="title" content="Evolution Right Before our Eyes | Green Science" /> <meta name="keywords" content="Evolution Right Before our Eyes, Green Science" /> <meta name="description" content="As a 9th grade student, one mandatory class that I take is biology. So far, I&#039;ve learned a lot of fascinating concepts, but one concept that I found to be the most interesting is Natural Selection. Recently in biology class, we watched a documentary, and one thing that was mentioned was how, in the 1900s, mosquitoes adapted to DDT, which was an insecticide, after it was used for decades." /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <script type="text/plain" data-cc-script="C04"> var initScriptsList = ["", "/natedjsp/scripts/commonScripts.jsp", "/natedjsp/empty.jsp", "/natedjsp/scripts/blogMainPageScript.jsp"]; var jsLoadMethod = "blogMainPage"; </script> <script data-cc-script="C04" data-src="/scitable/nated/natedjsp/scripts/jqueryAjaxScripts.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <link href="/scitable/nated/natedjsp/scripts/commonStylesEmbeddedFonts.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <link href="/scitable/nated/natedjsp/scripts/commonStyles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <meta name="WT.cg_n" content="Scitable" /> <meta name="WT.cg_s" content="Blogs" /> <meta name="WT.z_cg_cat" content="Green Science" /> <meta name="WT.z_cg_topic" content="Evolution Right Before our Eyes" /> <meta name="WT.z_cg_level" content="" /> <style type="text/css">#right_Nav_header {display:none;}</style><script type="text/plain" data-cc-script="C04">function openPageLink(B){var A=document.getElementById(B).value;if(A!=""){location.href=A}}</script></head> <body class="specific-scitable"><p style="background-color: #333; color: #fff; text-align: center; padding: 10px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #000">This page has been archived and is no longer updated</p> <script type="text/plain" data-cc-script="C04"> $(document).ready(function() { if(document.getElementById('facebookLink')!=null){ var replacements = new Array(); replacements[0] = '/'; replacements[1] = '%2F'; var fjs = document.getElementById('facebookLink'); var locationHref = replaceall(location.href,replacements); replacements[0] = ':'; replacements[1] = '%3A'; locationHref = replaceall(locationHref,replacements) fjs.src = fjs.src.replace('link',locationHref); } }); function replaceall( str, replacements ) { if(str=='' || str==null || str==undefined) { return ''; } var idx = str.indexOf( replacements[0] ); while ( idx > -1 ) { str = str.replace( replacements[0], replacements[1] ); idx = str.indexOf( replacements[0] ); } return str; } var googletag = googletag || {}; googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || []; (function() { var gads = document.createElement('script'); gads.async = true; gads.type = 'text/javascript'; var useSSL = 'https:' == document.location.protocol; gads.src = (useSSL ? 'https:' : 'http:') + '//www.googletagservices.com/tag/js/gpt.js'; var node = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; node.parentNode.insertBefore(gads, node); })(); googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.defineOutOfPageSlot('/285/scitable.nature.com', 'div-gpt-ad-1424104525371-0-oop').addService(googletag.pubads()) .setTargeting("test","oao"); googletag.defineSlot('/285/scitable.nature.com', [728, 90], 'div-gpt-ad-1403213733612-1').addService(googletag.pubads()) .setTargeting("test","oao"); googletag.defineSlot('/285/scitable.nature.com', [160, 600], 'div-gpt-ad-1403213733612-2').addService(googletag.pubads()) .setTargeting("test","oao"); googletag.enableServices(); }); googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.defineOutOfPageSlot('/285/scitable.nature.com', 'div-gpt-ad-1424104525371-0-oop').addService(googletag.pubads()) .setTargeting("test","oao"); googletag.defineSlot('/285/scitable.nature.com', [728, 90], 'div-gpt-ad-1403213733612-1').addService(googletag.pubads()) .setTargeting("test","oao"); googletag.defineSlot('/285/scitable.nature.com', [160, 600], 'div-gpt-ad-1403213733612-2').addService(googletag.pubads()) .setTargeting("test","oao"); googletag.enableServices(); }); </script> <div class="liveArea noBackground"> <div class="w150 fleft">&nbsp;</div> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1403213733612-1' class="fleft"> <script type='text/javascript'> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1403213733612-1'); }); </script> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </div> <div id="container" class="liveArea box dropshadowSctbl"> <div id="header" class="header"></div> <div class="liveAreaCenter"> <div id="centerContent" class="centerContent"> <div class="blogHeaderMarketting marginbot20px"> <a id="green-science" href="http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science"> <img alt="Green Science" src="/scitable/profileimage/blog-images/180726/1296054040051_blogHeader_GreenSci.jpg"/> </a> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <div class="clearfix hideForPrint"> <div class="fright"> <div class="clearfix w210"> <a class="fright inlineLinks padleft3px" href="http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/entries/rss"> <img class="nomargin borderNone padtop3px" id="forumTopicRssImg" name="forumTopicRssImg" width="17px" height="16px" src="/scitable/natedimages/feed-icon-12.gif" alt="Subscribe To Scitable Forum Topic" title="RSS Feed"/> </a> <div class="fright padleft3px"> <a rel="nofollow" id="redditShareLink" href="http://www.reddit.com/submit?url=" onClick="shareWithReddit();return false;"><img class="nomargin borderNone pad2px" title="Share Using Reddit" src="/scitable/natedimages/reddit-share-icon.png"/></a> </div> <div class="fright padleft3px"> <a rel="nofollow" id="stumbleUponLink" href="#" onClick="shareWithStubmleUpon();return false;"><img class="nomargin borderNone pad2px" title="StumbleUpon" src="/scitable/natedimages/stumbleupon.png"/></a> </div> <div class="fright padleft3px"> <a rel="nofollow" id="googlePlusLink" href="https://plus.google.com/share?url=" onClick="shareWithGooglePlus();return false;"><img class="nomargin borderNone pad2px" title="Share with Google+" src="/scitable/natedimages/gplus-16.png"/></a> </div> <div class="fright padleft3px"> <a id="twitterShareLnk" href="http://twitter.com/share?url=" onClick="normalShareWithTwitter();return false;"><img class="nomargin borderNone pad2px" title="Share with Twitter" src="/scitable/natedimages/icon-twitter.jpg"/></a> </div> <div class="fright padleft3px"> <a id="faceBookShareLnk" href="http://www.facebook.com/share.php?u=" onClick="normalShareWithFaceBook();return false;"><img class="nomargin borderNone pad2px" title="Share with Facebook" src="/scitable/natedimages/icon-facebook.jpg" /></a> </div> <div class="fright padleft3px"> <a title="Email" alt="Email" id="shareEMailSplashAnc" name="shareEMailSplashAnc" href="#" onClick="sendMailToShare('lnkLBMdlLIID', event);hideShareLB();return false;"><img class="nomargin borderNone pad2px" src="/scitable/natedimages/email_icon.gif" alt="Email" /></a> </div> <div class="fright padleft3px"> <a href="javascript:printBlogPostPage()"><img title="Print" class="nomargin borderNone pad2px" src="/scitable/natedimages/print_15.gif"/></a> </div> <div class="fright padleft3px"> <a id="bookmarkTRArtt" name="bookmarkTRArtt" onclick="addBlogToLocker(); return false;" href="#" onmouseover="return displayOnMouseOverText(this);" title="Bookmark"><img title="Bookmark" class="nomargin borderNone pad2px" src="/scitable/natedimages/icon_bookmark.gif"/></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </div> <div class="marginbot20px fontSizeChange" id="fontSizeChange"> <div class="botbordergrey padbot2px"> <div class="fleft bold"> <span class="marginright5px bold">March 16, 2011</span> <span class="marginright5px">|</span> <span class="bold">By:&nbsp;</span> <span class="bold">Samantha Jakuboski</span> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </div> <div class="fright padtop15px hideForPrint"> <a class="padright10px" href="javascript:resizeFontScitable('fontSize11')"><span id="sizeNo1" class="px11 mousePointerHand lh22">Aa</span></a> <a class="padright10px" href="javascript:resizeFontScitable('fontSize15')"><span id="sizeNo2" class="px15 mousePointerHand lh22">Aa</span></a> <a class="padright10px" href="javascript:resizeFontScitable('fontSize20')"><span id="sizeNo3" class="mousePointerHand lh22 px20">Aa</span></a> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <div id="blogParas" class="botbordergrey padbot4px clearfix margintopn34px "> <h1 id="blogTitle" class="nomargin h2Style fleft w600 padtop5px">Evolution Right Before our Eyes</h1> <div class="articleContent"> <div class="clear"></div> <div class="contentSection"> <div class="sectionParas"> <p class="px13 nomargin"> <div id="orgCntNew"> <div id="trOutLine"></div> <div id="mainCntArtPageDivRedesign"> <IMG align=left src="/scitable/content/ne0000/ne0000/ne0000/ne0000/18650066/fishy.jpg" complete="complete" paraelementcopyright="Some||#|$||rights||#|$||reserved." paraelementlegends="fish" paraelementcaption="fish" mce_src="content/ne0000/ne0000/ne0000/ne0000/18650066/fishy.jpg"> <P>As a 9<SUP>th</SUP> grade student, one mandatory class that I take is biology. So far, I've learned a lot of fascinating concepts, but one concept that I found to be the most interesting is Natural Selection. Recently in biology class, we watched a documentary, and one thing that was mentioned was how, in the 1900s, mosquitoes adapted to <A href="http://www.epa.gov/pbt/pubs/ddt.htm" shape="">DDT</A>, which was an insecticide, after it was used for decades. I thought that it was so strange how an insect could adapt to a poison that is meant to kill it. Then, I realized that this was a prime example of natural selection. Natural selection, proposed by the legendary Charles Darwin, is the process in where certain mutations are chosen because they benefit the organism and help it survive to reproduce. This sparked curiosity in me, and as I did more research, I found a study that has been published last month explaining that evolution is happening very quickly right before our eyes; fish are adapting to PCBs found in the Hudson River at a speed that is faster than usual for evolution to take place.</P> <P mce_keep="true"></P> <P>So what exactly are PCBs? </P> <P><A href="http://www.epa.gov/osw/hazard/tsd/pcbs/pubs/about.htm" shape="">PCBs</A>, which stand for polychlorinated biphenyls, are organic chemicals that can be made by humans. They were used in many products, such as plastic and rubber, since they were good insulators, but in 1979 they were outlawed because they contained high levels of toxins and were proven to cause harmful effects on humans, such as cancer. They also can't break down easily, so that was another problem faced since they were emptied out into the environment and the oceans. As I mentioned in a previous post, <EM><A href="http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/garbage_dump_in_the_middle" shape="" nated_pk="http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/garbage_dump_in_the_middle" mce_href="http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/garbage_dump_in_the_middle">Garbage Dump in the Middle of the Pacific Ocean</A></EM>, fish are ingesting the PCBs in the water, and this makes them become sick and die. If they survive, the PCBs make its way up the food chain, and eventually, we will be taking in PCBs from the fish we eat. </P> <P align=center mce_keep="true"></P> <P>Since PCBs are harmful to animals, especially fish, one type of fish called the Atlantic tomcod needed to adapt to them or else they would die out. In order to meet their biological goal, which is to survive to reproduce, they needed to adapt and evolve their bodies to deal with the toxins in their environment. In order for evolution to take place, there needs to be a mutation, so there had to be a mutation in one fish which allowed it to cope with the PCBs. Since it was beneficial to the fish, it was passed down to offspring, and now, many fish carry these mutations in their genes which help them become immune to the harmful PCBs. </P> <P mce_keep="true"></P> <P>What is the mutation in the Atlantic tomcod that enables them to withstand PCBs?<br/>After studying these fish for about four years, scientists have come to the conclusion that they have a modified gene which helps control the noxious consequences of PCBs. This <A href="http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2011/02/110217-hudson-river-pcb-fish-evolution-water/" shape="">gene</A> is called aryl hydrocarbon receptor2 and it enables a fish to <A href="http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/69976/title/Packing_away_the_poison" shape="">store</A> the toxins from the PCBs as fat inside its body instead of getting deadly ill. </P> <P mce_keep="true"></P> <P>Even though this one species of fish is evolving to stay alive, there are still tens of thousands of fish left in the ocean that need to do the same. Our actions as humans, even though they might not be purposeful, has a big affect not only on sea life, but for many other land organisms as well .That is why we have to be responsible and take into consideration the affects of our behaviors before they are carried out. </P> <P mce_keep="true"></P> <P>Image Credit: <A href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/scheinwelten/381994831/in/set-72157594521561902/" shape="" nated_pk="http://www.flickr.com/photos/scheinwelten/381994831/in/set-72157594521561902/" mce_href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/scheinwelten/381994831/in/set-72157594521561902/">Christoph_w</A> via flickr</P> <P>Referances: </P> <P><FONT color=#000000>Anne Minard "Hudson River Fish Evolve Toxic PCB Immunity" <EM>National Geographic</EM> February 17,2011</FONT></P> <P><FONT color=#000000>Janet Raloff "</FONT><A href="http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/69976/title/Packing_away_the_poison" shape=""><FONT color=#000000>Packing away the poison</FONT></A><FONT color=#000000>" <EM>ScienceNews </EM>February 17, 2011</FONT></P> <P><FONT color=#000000>"</FONT><A href="http://www.epa.gov/pbt/pubs/ddt.htm" shape=""><FONT color=#000000>Persistent Bioaccumulative and Toxic (PBT) Chemical Program</FONT></A><FONT color=#000000>" <EM>United States Environmental Protection Agency </EM></FONT></P> <P><EM><FONT color=#000000></FONT></EM></P> <P><A href="http://www.epa.gov/osw/hazard/tsd/pcbs/pubs/about.htm" shape=""><FONT color=#000000>"Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)"</FONT></A><FONT color=#000000> <EM>United States Environmental Protection</EM> Agency</FONT></P> <P mce_keep="true"></P> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"><div class="fright inlineForPrintRightComment"><span class="bold marginright5px">0&nbsp;Comment</span> </div></div> <div class="cleartboth"></div> </div> <div> <input type="hidden" name="weblogEntryId" id="weblogEntryId" value="183137"> <input type="hidden" name="weblogHandle" id="weblogHandle" value="180726"> <input type="hidden" name="weblogEntryAnchor" id="weblogEntryAnchor" value="evolution_right_before_our_eyes"> </div> <input type="hidden" name="weblogEntryId" id="weblogEntryId" value="183137"> <input type="hidden" name="weblogHandle" id="weblogHandle" value="180726"> <input type="hidden" name="weblogEntryAnchor" id="weblogEntryAnchor" value="evolution_right_before_our_eyes"> <input type="hidden" name="commentPosted" id="commentPosted" value="" /> <input type="hidden" name="commentAuthenticated" id="commentAuthenticated" value="" /> <input type="hidden" name="isPreview" id="isPreview" value="" /> <div id="shareWIthOthers" class="shareBox"> <div class="edge padleft90px"><img src="/scitable/natedimages/pointedge.gif" alt="" /></div> <div class="bordergrey hideForPrint"> <div class="clearfix bgTan marginbot10px" style="*margin-bottom:0px!important;"> <h2 class="fleft upper">share</h2> <a href="#" class="inlineLinks fright" onclick="hideShareLB();return false;">Close</a> </div> <ul class="nolistType marginleft10px marginright10px dispblock"> <li class="clearfix marginbot5px"><span class="fleft"><img class="h16 w16" src="/scitable/natedimages/digg.gif" alt="Digg" /></span><span class="fleft marginleft10px padtop2px"><a id="diggLink" href="http://digg.com/submit?url=" onClick="shareWithDiggLink();return false;">Digg</a></span></li> <li class="clearfix marginbot5px"><span class="fleft"><img class="h16 w16" src="/scitable/natedimages/myspace_logo.gif" alt="MySpace" /></span><span class="fleft marginleft10px padtop2px"><a id="myspaceLink" href="http://www.myspace.com/Modules/PostTo/Pages/?t=" onClick="shareWithMySpaceLink();return false;">MySpace</a></span></li> <li class="clearfix marginbot5px"><span class="fleft"><img class="h16 w16" src="/scitable/natedimages/gplus-16.png" alt="Google Plus+" /></span><span class="fleft marginleft10px padtop2px"><a rel="nofollow" id="googlePlusLink" href="https://plus.google.com/share?url=" onclick="shareWithGooglePlus();return false;">Google+</a></span></li> <li class="clearfix marginbot5px"> <span class="fleft"> <iframe id="facebookLink" src="//www.facebook.com/plugins/like.php?href=link&amp;send=false&amp;layout=button_count&amp;width=108&amp;show_faces=true&amp;font=lucida+grande&amp;colorscheme=light&amp;action=like&amp;height=21" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" style="border:none; overflow:hidden; width:108px; height:21px;" allowTransparency="true"></iframe> </span> </li> <li class="clearfix marginbot5px"><span class="fleft"><img class="h16 w16" src="/scitable/natedimages/stumbleupon.png" alt="StumbleUpon"/></span><span class="fleft marginleft7px padtop2px"><a href="#" onClick="shareWithStubmleUpon();return false;">StumbleUpon</a></span></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="fadeShareWIthOthers" class="share_overlay"></div> <div class="clear"></div> <div class="clearfix hideForPrint"> <div id="lightShareEmailFrnd" class="lightBoxPopup_contactus lightbox_popup_shareEmailFrnd nopad"> <h2 class="nomargin">Email your Friend</h2> <div class="clear"></div> <div class="padleft10px padright10px padtop10px"> <form id="shareEmailFrndFrm" class="" onsubmit="return false;"> <div class="clear"></div> <div class="clearfix"> <div class="fleft"> <label class="upper dispblock textalignleft w170"> <span class="fleft bold">Your First Name</span> <span class="mandatory fright">*</span> <div class="clear"></div> </label> <input id="usrFstNameShareEmailFrnd" class="w170 nomargin h20 text bgSearchGrey" type="text" value="" maxlength="50" name="usrFstNameShareEmailFrnd" readonly=""/> </div> <div class="fleft marginleft5px"> <label class="w170 upper dispblock textalignleft clearfix"> <span class="fleft bold">Your Last Name</span> <span class="mandatory fright">*</span> <div class="clear"></div> </label> <input id="usrLstNameShareEmailFrnd" class="w170 nomargin h20 text bgSearchGrey" type="text" value="" maxlength="50" name="usrLstNameShareEmailFrnd" readonly=""/> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <div class="fleft clearfix marginbot5px"> <label class="w350 upper dispblock textalignleft"> <span class="fleft bold">Your Email Address</span> <span class="mandatory fright">*</span> </label> <input id="mailShareEmailFrndMine" class="w350 nomargin h20 text bgSearchGrey" type="text" value="" maxlength="50" name="mailShareEmailFrndMine"/> </div> <div class="clear nomargin"></div> <div class="fleft clearfix marginbot5px"> <label class="w350 upper dispblock textalignleft"> <span class="fleft bold">Your Friend's Email address</span> <span class="mandatory fright">*</span> </label> <input id="mailShareEmailFrnd" class="w350 nomargin h20 text bgSearchGrey" type="text" value="" maxlength="50" name="mailShareEmailFrnd"/> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <div class="fleft clearfix"> <label class="upper dispblock textalignleft w350"><span class="fleft bold">Your Message</span><span class="mandatory fright">*</span></label> <textarea id="commentShareEmailFrnd" class="h120 w350 bgSearchGrey nomargin" name="commentShareEmailFrnd"></textarea> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <div class="w360 marginbot10px"> <div id="viewButtonpanel" class="fleft"> <a id="loadCMNT" class="inlineLinks" onclick="this.blur(); sendShareEmailFrnd(''); return false;" href="#loadCMNT">Submit</a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a id="viewRC" class="inlineLinks" onclick="hideSendMailToShare(); return false;" href="#">Cancel</a> </div> <div class="fright"> <span class="mandatory">*</span> Required </div> <div class="clear"></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="fadeShareEmailFrnd" class="transparent_lightbox_overlay"></div> <div class="clear"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="leftRail blogLeftRail"> <div class="leftRailContent borderNone marginbot10px"> <img title="Blogger Profiles" alt="Blogger Profiles" src="/scitable/profileimage/blog-images/180726/1437494307687_1414175628808_blog_img_leftail_GreenScienceREVISED8.jpg"/> </div> <div class="leftRailContent"> <div id="leftBlog" class="lrContentHead"> <img src="/scitable/natedimages/recent_posts.gif" alt="Recent Posts" title="Recent Posts" /> </div> <div id="blogs-tab-content" class="view-discuss-blog-content"> <ul class="vertIndentList"> <div id="leftBlogPage_1"> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/i_leave_and_heave_a_235132'> <b>September 16, 2016</b><br/> I leave and heave a sigh and say goodbye </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/whats_in_your_mattress_part_228632'> <b>September 01, 2015</b><br/> What's in YOUR Mattress? Part II: Flame Prevent... </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/whats_in_your_mattress_part'> <b>July 25, 2015</b><br/> What's in Your Mattress? Part I </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/an_oped_why_we_should'> <b>June 30, 2015</b><br/> Message to My Fellow New Yorkers: Why You Shoul... </a> </li> </div> <div id="leftBlogPage_2" style="display:none"> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/stylish_tips_for_staying_in'> <b>April 23, 2015</b><br/> Samm's Savvy Sun Protection Tips </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/dangers_of_the_sun'> <b>March 20, 2015</b><br/> Dangers of the Sun </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/new_york_city_carbon_challenge_223991'> <b>January 13, 2015</b><br/> New York City Carbon Challenge </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/what_you_need_to_know_222245'> <b>October 16, 2014</b><br/> What You Need to Know about the EBOLA OUTBREAK ... </a> </li> </div> <div id="leftBlogPage_3" style="display:none"> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/broadway_green_alliance_making_the'> <b>July 24, 2014</b><br/> Making the World a Greener Place, One Broadway ... </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/global_warming_favors_lightcolored_insects'> <b>May 30, 2014</b><br/> Global Warming Favors Light-Colored Insects </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/predicting_the_next_epidemic_outbreak'> <b>February 23, 2014</b><br/> Predicting the Next Epidemic Outbreak </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/the_impact_of_asian_air'> <b>January 23, 2014</b><br/> The Impact of Asian Air Pollution On The World&... </a> </li> </div> <div id="leftBlogPage_4" style="display:none"> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/my_unique_stress_reliever'> <b>December 11, 2013</b><br/> My Unique Stress Reliever </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/global_warming_will_continue_even'> <b>November 26, 2013</b><br/> Global Warming Will Continue for Centuries to Come </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/disposing_of_syria8217s_chemical_weapons'> <b>September 30, 2013</b><br/> UN Resolution To Dispose Of Syria&#8217;s Chemi... </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/are_you_hotheaded_blame_global'> <b>August 24, 2013</b><br/> Are You Hotheaded? Blame Global Warming. </a> </li> </div> <div id="leftBlogPage_5" style="display:none"> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/heat_wave_health_effects'> <b>July 20, 2013</b><br/> Heat Wave Health Hazards </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/global_crisis_honeybee_population_on'> <b>June 24, 2013</b><br/> Global Crisis: Honeybee Population on the Decline </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/mor_superstorm_sandys_in_our'> <b>May 26, 2013</b><br/> More Superstorm Sandys In Our Future? </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/scienceseeker_award_finalist'> <b>May 16, 2013</b><br/> ScienceSeeker Award Finalist! </a> </li> </div> <div id="leftBlogPage_6" style="display:none"> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/scienceonlineteen'> <b>April 10, 2013</b><br/> ScienceOnlineTeen! </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/unforeseen_meteor_explodes_over_russia'> <b>February 16, 2013</b><br/> Unforeseen Meteor Explodes Over Russia </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/my_new_years_resolutions'> <b>January 03, 2013</b><br/> My New Year's Resolutions </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/hurricane_sandy_wakeup_call'> <b>November 11, 2012</b><br/> Hurricane Sandy Wakeup Call </a> </li> </div> <div id="leftBlogPage_7" style="display:none"> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/butterflies'> <b>September 29, 2012</b><br/> Butterfly Range Shifts Are A Sign Of Global War... </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/pesky_pollution'> <b>June 25, 2012</b><br/> Perilous Pollution </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/deforestation_and_global_warming'> <b>May 19, 2012</b><br/> Deforestation and Global Warming </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/air_pollution_and_obesity'> <b>April 21, 2012</b><br/> Air Pollution and Childhood Obesity </a> </li> </div> <div id="leftBlogPage_8" style="display:none"> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/a_croak_is_worth_a'> <b>March 18, 2012</b><br/> A Croak is Worth a Thousand Words, or in this C... </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/smart_stripes'> <b>February 11, 2012</b><br/> Smart Stripes </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/scienceonline2012'> <b>January 14, 2012</b><br/> ScienceOnline2012 </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/siku_the_new_celebrity_of'> <b>December 27, 2011</b><br/> Siku- The New Celebrity of the Animal Kingdom </a> </li> </div> <div id="leftBlogPage_9" style="display:none"> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/be_merry_be_jolly_be'> <b>December 13, 2011</b><br/> Be Merry, Be Jolly, Be Resourceful </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/airlifting_rhinos_to_a_new'> <b>November 17, 2011</b><br/> Airlifting Rhinos to a new Safe Haven </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/environmental_club'> <b>October 11, 2011</b><br/> Environmental Club! </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/shop_smart_and_go_green'> <b>August 27, 2011</b><br/> Shop Smart and Go Green! </a> </li> </div> <div id="leftBlogPage_10" style="display:none"> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/the_dangers_of_pesticides'> <b>July 25, 2011</b><br/> The Dangers of Pesticides </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/caution_giant_hogweed_might_be'> <b>July 17, 2011</b><br/> CAUTION: Giant Hogweed might be growing in your... </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/the_link_between_pollution_and'> <b>June 12, 2011</b><br/> The Link Between Pollution and Asthma </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/global_warming_extinction_of_polar'> <b>May 09, 2011</b><br/> The Death of Knut. Also will Global Warming cau... </a> </li> </div> <div id="leftBlogPage_11" style="display:none"> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/happy_birthday_planet_earth'> <b>April 20, 2011</b><br/> Happy Birthday Planet Earth!! </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/the_march_11_2011_tsunami'> <b>April 12, 2011</b><br/> The March 11 Cataclysms and the effects on the ... </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/evolution_right_before_our_eyes'> <b>March 16, 2011</b><br/> Evolution Right Before our Eyes </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/toxic_rain_the_effect_of'> <b>February 28, 2011</b><br/> Toxic Rain: The Effect of Acid Rain on the Envi... </a> </li> </div> <div id="leftBlogPage_12" style="display:none"> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/garbage_dump_in_the_middle'> <b>February 25, 2011</b><br/> Garbage Dump in the Middle of the Pacific Ocean </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/whats_your_carbon_shoe_size'> <b>February 12, 2011</b><br/> What's Your Carbon Shoe Size? </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/snow_of_the_century_could'> <b>February 03, 2011</b><br/> Snow of the Century! Could Global Warming reall... </a> </li> <li> <a href='http://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/green-science/welcome_to_green_science'> <b>January 27, 2011</b><br/> Welcome to Green Science! </a> </li> </div> </ul> <br/> <span class="inlineLinks fleft w158"> <input type="hidden" id="currentPageNumberBlog" value="1"/> <input type="hidden" id="totalPageNumberBlog" value="12"/> <span id="prevBlogAct" class="fleft padleft5px" style="display:none"> <a id="firstLatestBlogs1" class="" href="javascript:showFirstLatestBlogs();"> &laquo;</a> <a id="prevBlogs1" class="" href="javascript:showPrevLatestBlogs()">Prev</a> </span> <span id="prevBlogInAct" class="fleft padleft5px"> <span id="firstLatestBlogs2" class="inlineLinksDisabled"> &laquo;</span> <span id="prevBlogs2" class="inlineLinksDisabled">Prev</span> </span> <span id="nextBlogAct" class="fright"> <a id="nextBlogs1" class="" href="javascript:showNextLatestBlogs()">Next</a> <a id="lastLatestBlogs1" class="" href="javascript:showLastLatestBlogs();">&raquo;</a> </span> <span id="nextBlogInAct" class="fright" style="display:none"> <span id="nextBlogs2" class="inlineLinksDisabled">Next</span> <span id="lastLatestBlogs2" class="inlineLinksDisabled">&raquo;</span> </span> </span> <div class="clear"></div> <input type="hidden" id="blogEntriesLoaded"/> </div> </div> <br class="clear hide"/> <div class="leftRailContent" id="leftDashboardPlaceID" style="display:none"> <div class="lrContentHead"> <img src="/scitable/natedimages/updateLR.gif" alt="Updates"> </div> <div> <div class="horzAlignCenter padleft10px" id="leftDashboardID"> <img src="/scitable/natedimages/ajaxLoader.gif" class="padleft10px"> <span class="padleft10px bold customContentRestHdr">Loading ...</span> <br/><br/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="leftRailContent"> <div class="lrContentHead communityHead"><img src="/scitable/natedimages/connect.gif" alt="Connect" /></div> <div class=""> <img src="/scitable/natedimages/connectLeftRailImg.gif" alt="Connect" usemap="#leftRailConnect" /> <map id="Connect" name="leftRailConnect"> <area shape="rect" coords="66,66,98,86" href="#" id="SendCommonMessage" name="SendCommonMessage" onClick="signInToSendCommonMessage(event);" title="Send a message" alt="Send a message" /> </map> </div> </div> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1403213733612-2'> <script type='text/javascript'> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1403213733612-2'); }); </script> </div> <br class="clear hide"/> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <div class="footer" id="footer"> <div class="footerContent"> <div class="repeatTopNav clearfix"> <div id="fbAutoSharePopup" style="left:0px;width:208px;display:none;" class="articlePageTOCForAuthoringBottom articlePageTOCForAuthoringIE7Bottom"> <div class="borderGrey pad5px clearfix" style="background:#A6B19D !important"> <span class="fleft bold px15 whitefont">LearnCast</span> </div> <div class="bgGreyIMP pad5px"> <div id="toBeShared_FB"> You have authorized LearnCasting of your reading list in Scitable. Do you want to LearnCast this session?<br/> <div class="clearfix pad5px padleft40px"> <div class="bordergrey fleft w20 textaligncenter bgcolorcyan"><a href="javascript:shareWithFBValidator()" class="inlineLinks padright2px">Yes</a></div> <div class="bordergrey fleft w20 textaligncenter bgcolorcyan"><a href="javascript:minimizeAutoShareFBWin()" class="inlineLinks padleft2px">No</a></div> </div> </div> <div id="shrd_FB"> This article has been posted to your Facebook page via Scitable LearnCast. <div class="clearfix pad5px"> <div class="bordergrey fleft w40 textaligncenter bgcolorcyan fright"><a href="javascript:minimizeAutoShareFBWin()" class="inlineLinks padleft2px">Close</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="clear borderbottom nopad nomargin h5 marginbot2px">&nbsp;</div> <div class="fright"><a class="inlineLinks" href="/scitable/my-profile/social-settings">Change LearnCast Settings</a></div> <div class="clear"></div> </div> </div> <p class="copyright" id="copyRightFooter">&#169; 2014 Nature Education</p> <ul class="fright nolistType marginright10px"> <li class="dispInline"><a href='/scitable/about' >About</a><span class="padleft4px colorBlack">|</span></li> <li class="dispInline"><a href='/scitable/contact'>Contact</a><span class="padleft4px colorBlack">|</span></li> <li class="dispInline"><a href='/scitable/pressnews' >Press Room</a><span class="padleft4px colorBlack">|</span></li> <li class="dispInline"><a href='/scitable/sponsors'>Sponsors</a><span class="padleft4px colorBlack">|</span></li> <li class="dispInline"><a href='/scitable/viewTermsOfUse'>Terms of Use</a><span class="padleft4px colorBlack">|</span></li> <li class="dispInline"><a href='/scitable/privacyPolicy'>Privacy Notice</a><span class="padleft4px colorBlack">|</span></li> <li class="dispInline"><a href='/scitable/glossary'>Glossary</a><span class="padleft4px colorBlack">|</span></li> <li class="dispInline"><a href='/scitable/library'>Catalog</a><span class="padleft4px colorBlack">|</span></li> <li class="dispInline"><a href='/scitable' >Home</a><span class="padleft4px colorBlack">|</span></li> <li class="dispInline"><a href='/scitable/topics' >Library</a><span class="padleft4px colorBlack">|</span></li> <li class="dispInline"><a href="/scitable/blogs" >Blogs</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="lightPPLSearchMdata" class="lightBoxPopup searchSiteContentLB" style="left:12%;top:15%;z-index:11006;"></div> <div id="fadePPLSearchMdata" class="transparent_lightbox_overlay overlayImageSearch"></div> <div id="sendCommonmessageLight" class="lightBoxPopup lightbox_popup_authorContKeywords LBWidthAdjust pad5px" style="overflow:hidden;"> </div> <div id="sendCommonmessageFade" class="transparent_lightbox_overlay"></div> <div class="clear"></div> <input type="hidden" name="chatEnabled" id="chatEnabled" value="N" /> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <div class="cleartboth"> <div id="chatbox" class="lightBoxPopup lightbox_popup_chat jqDnR" style="display:none;overflow:hidden;" onmousemove="stopBlink()"> <div id="dragId" style="background:#e0e0e0" class="clearfix padright5px padtop2px"> <a name="chatTop"><input type="hidden"/></a><span class="fleft upper bold padleft5px">Scitable Chat</span> <ul class="noListType nomargin fright"> <li onclick ="javascript:WindowSizeChage('min')" class="dispInline marginright2px"><img alt="Minimize" title="Minimize" src="/scitable/natedimages/chat_min.gif" height="16"/></li> <li onclick ="WindowSizeChage('res')" class="dispInline marginright2px"><img alt="Restore" title="Restore" src="/scitable/natedimages/chat_restore.gif" height="16"/></li> <li onclick="javascript:closeChatbox()" class="dispInline marginright2px"><img alt="close" title="close" src="/scitable/natedimages/close_31.gif" height="16"/></li> </ul> </div> <div class="chatbody"> <div class="cleartboth"></div> <div class="navcontainer_search h50"> <ul id="navtab_search_chat" class="chatTabs"></ul> </div> <div class="cleartboth"></div> <div id="chatWin"> <input id="msg-to-input-id" type="hidden"/> <dl id="msg-chat-area" class="chatbox" style="overflow:auto;height:150px;"><dt></dt></dl> <br class="cleartboth"/> <hr/> <div class="msgBox clearfix"> <div class="fleft w85p"><textarea id="msg-type-area" class="typeAreaInput h20 marginbot0px" onkeypress="return sendChatText(event);" rows="1" cols=""></textarea></div> <a class="marginleft2px fright padtop16px" href="#" onclick="return Messaging.sendChat(13);"><img alt="Send" title="Send" src="/scitable/natedimages/send.jpg"/></a> </div> </div> <div class="jqHandle jqResize" style="position:absolute;bottom:0px;"><img alt="Resize" title="Resize" src="/scitable/natedimages/chat_resize.gif"/></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="headerOuter" class="hide"> <div class="headerBG" style="position:relative;"> <img src="/scitable/natedimages/scitable_hdrNew.gif" usemap="#natedHeader" alt="Scitable by Nature Education" /> <map id="natHead" name="natedHeader"> <area shape="rect" coords="16,10,175,82" href="/scitable" title="Nature Education Home" alt="Nature Education Home" /> <area shape="rect" coords="228,32,472,46" href="/scitable/whatisscitable" title="Learn More" alt="Learn More" /> <area shape="rect" coords="230,52,270,62" href="/scitable/whatisscitable" title="About" alt="About" /> <area shape="rect" coords="273,50,320,62" href="/scitable/faculty-page" title="Faculty Page" alt="Faculty Page" /> <area shape="rect" coords="328,50,380,62" href="/scitable/study-center" title="Students Page" alt="Students Page" /> <area shape="rect" coords="879,66,988,76" href="/scitable/feedback" title="Feedback" alt="Feedback" /> </map> <div id="topicRoomTopPanelAD" class="articleTopAdPlaceHolder" style="display:none;*width:180px;"> </div> <span><a href="/scitable/whatisscitable" class="aboutPageAnchor" title="About"><br /></a></span> <span><a href="/scitable/faculty-page" class="classroomPageAnchor" title="Faculty Page"><br /></a></span> <span><a href="/scitable/study-center" class="qaboardPageAnchor" title="Students Page"><br /></a></span> </div> <div class="navBar" id="navBar"> <ul id="navtab_header" class=""> <li><a id='home' href='/scitable' onmouseover="changeImage(this.id);" onmouseout="restoreImage(this.id);"><img src='/scitable/natedimages/home_nav.gif' alt="Home"/> </a></li> <li><img src="/scitable/natedimages/pipe.jpg" alt="" /></li> <li><a class="padtop10px" id="libraryTopics" href='/scitable/topics' onmouseover="changeImage(this.id);" onmouseout="restoreImage(this.id);"><img src="/scitable/natedimages/libraryTopics_nav.gif" alt="Library" /></a></li> <li><img src="/scitable/natedimages/pipe.jpg" alt="" /></li> <li><a id="blogs" href='/scitable/blogs' onmouseover="" onmouseout=""><img src="/scitable/natedimages/blogs_nav_hover.gif" alt="Blogs" /></a></li> <li><img src="/scitable/natedimages/pipe.jpg" alt="" /></li> <li><a id="natjobs" href="http://www.nature.com/naturejobs/science/?WT.mc_id=WEB_NatureJobs_1504_SCITABLE" target="_blank" onmouseover="changeImage(this.id);" onmouseout="restoreImage(this.id);"><img src="/scitable/natedimages/natjobs_nav.gif" alt="NATUREJOBS" /></a></li> <li class="clear hide"></li> </ul> <input type="hidden" id="jsCompileTimeSpan" size="4"/> <ul class="rightNav " id="right_Nav_header"> <li class="nomargin padleft2px"><a class="searchButton" href="javascript:checkField()"><img src="/scitable/natedimages/nav_search.gif" alt="Search Scitable" /></a></li> <li class="nomargin margintop4px"> <input class="padleft5px padtop3px bgSearchGrey w155" id="criteria" name="criteriaString" type="text" size="17" onKeyPress="pressGenericSearchButton(event);"/></li> <li><a href="javascript:DisplayRegisterPage();">Register</a></li> <li class="rightNavPipe">|</li> <li><a href="javascript:DisplaySignInPage();">Sign In</a></li> </ul> <div class="clear"></div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <div id="signInSplashLBLight" class="lightBoxPopup lightbox_popup_splash" style="background:#e6e1d5;"> </div> <div id="signInSplashLBFade" class="transparent_lightbox_overlay"></div> <script type="text/plain" data-cc-script="C04"> var linkListArray = {}; var globalIndex = -1; var globalHref = -1; </script> <div id="topicAssoDissoLBPopupNew" class="lightBoxPopup lightbox_popup_learnMore nopad" style="overflow-x:auto;overflow-y:hidden; width:720px !important; left:140px !important;"> </div> <div id="topicAssoDissoLBOverlayNew" class="transparent_lightbox_overlay"></div> <hr class='normalStrip'/> <div class="clear hide"></div> <div class='topicHead biology'> <img src="/scitable/natedimages/hdr_blog.gif" alt='Blogs' title='Blogs' /> </div> <div class="clear hide"></div> </div> <div id="siteNewHeaderOuter" class="hide"> </div> <input type="hidden" id="criteriaStringValue1" value="" /> <script type="text/plain" data-cc-script="C04"> //$(document).ready(function(){ try { /*$("#header").html($("#headerOuter").html()) ; $("#headerOuter").html('');*/ var str = document.getElementById("headerOuter").innerHTML; document.getElementById("headerOuter").innerHTML = ""; document.getElementById("header").innerHTML = str; if(document.getElementById("site-new-header-section")){ document.getElementById("site-new-header-section").innerHTML = document.getElementById("siteNewHeaderOuter").innerHTML; document.getElementById("site-new-header-section").style.display = 'block'; } // document.getElementById(). } catch(e) { } //}); placeBool = false; var signINReqMsgNonLoggedIN = "Scitable requires you to be signed in to use this feature. If you are not a member of Scitable, registration is free and easy. As a registered user you can have access to all content in Scitable, interact directly with community members, create a personal locker, start and join groups and discussions, and more"; var signINReqMsgNonLoggedINToolTip = "You have to be logged in to use this feature."; var collapseLabelPage = "View Fewer"; </script> <script type="text/plain" data-cc-script="C04"> var isTopicLandingPageFllg = ''; var topicID = '180726'; var invToJoinGrpGrpID = ""; var currentPagerItem = 1; </script> <script type="text/plain" data-cc-script="C04"> var weblogId = '180726'; var urlLoc = ''; var commentPostedAdmin = ''; var topicPageUrlPresent = ""; var entryId = null; var commentId = null; var commentPostedByUserId = null; var blogSpaceUrl = "green-science"; var isBlogPageVdoPl = 'Y'; var fontSizeCookie = 'null'; function blogMainPage() { $(document).ready(function() { try { executeLoadedScript(document.getElementById('blogPollElement')); document.getElementById('blogPollElement').style.display = 'block'; alignLegend('hp'); } catch (err) { //alert(err); } }); try { loadContentBlockForBlog(); } catch(err) {} loadPermalink(); resizeFontScitable(fontSizeCookie); try { if(document.getElementById('autoShareEnabledForUser')){ window.setTimeout("checkFBLoginStatus('BLG', '"+weblogId+"')", 5000); } } catch(e){} } function loadContentBlockForBlog() { var cleanUrlContextPath = "/scitable"; var imgList = $("img", document.getElementById("blogParas")); var alignClass = "Left"; var marginTopClass = ""; var str = ""; var copyRightStr = ""; var paraelementcaption = ""; var captionprinty = ""; var paraelementlegends = ""; var legendprinty = ""; var paraelementfignums = ""; var paraelementcopyright = ""; var imageinsertyr = ""; var legalowner = ""; var termsofuse = ""; var copyrightflag = ""; var copyrightadditionaltextflag = ""; var copyRightAdditionalText = ""; var customlegalowner = ""; var imageCopyrightURL = ""; var licensetypepk = ""; var displaycopysymbol = ""; var displaylegalowner = ""; var displayimginsertyr = ""; var displaytermsofuse = ""; var displaycopydesc = ""; if (imgList != null) { for (var i=0; i< imgList.size();i++ ) { if (typeof imgList.eq(i).attr("media_src") == 'undefined' || imgList.eq(i).attr("media_src") == false) { if (imgList.eq(i).attr("align") == "right") { alignClass = "Right marginleft10px"; } else if (imgList.eq(i).attr("align") == "middle") { alignClass = "horzAlignCenter"; } else { alignClass = "Left marginright10px"; } if (isFirstParaLine(imgList.eq(i))) { marginTopClass = ""; } else { marginTopClass = "margintop5px"; } width = parseInt(imgList.eq(i).attr("width")) - 6; paraelementcaption = imgList.eq(i).attr("paraelementcaption"); if(paraelementcaption && paraelementcaption != '') { paraelementcaption = replaceSplSequenceWithSpace(paraelementcaption); } else { paraelementcaption = ""; } captionprinty = imgList.eq(i).attr("captionprinty"); if(captionprinty && captionprinty != '') { captionprinty = replaceSplSequenceWithSpace(captionprinty); } else { captionprinty = ""; } paraelementlegends = imgList.eq(i).attr("paraelementlegends"); if(paraelementlegends && paraelementlegends != '') { paraelementlegends = replaceSplSequenceWithSpace(paraelementlegends); } else { paraelementlegends = ""; } legendprinty = imgList.eq(i).attr("legendprinty"); if(legendprinty && legendprinty != '') { legendprinty = replaceSplSequenceWithSpace(legendprinty); } else { legendprinty = ""; } paraelementfignums = imgList.eq(i).attr("paraelementfignums"); if(paraelementfignums && paraelementfignums != '') { paraelementfignums = replaceSplSequenceWithSpace(paraelementfignums); } else { paraelementfignums = ""; } paraelementcopyright = imgList.eq(i).attr("paraelementcopyright"); if(paraelementcopyright && paraelementcopyright != '') { paraelementcopyright = replaceSplSequenceWithSpace(paraelementcopyright); } else { paraelementcopyright = ""; } imageinsertyr = imgList.eq(i).attr("imageinsertyr"); if(imageinsertyr && imageinsertyr != '') { imageinsertyr = replaceSplSequenceWithSpace(imageinsertyr); } else { imageinsertyr = ""; } legalowner = imgList.eq(i).attr("legalowner"); if(legalowner && legalowner != '') { legalowner = replaceSplSequenceWithSpace(legalowner); } else { legalowner = ""; } termsofuse = imgList.eq(i).attr("termsofuse"); if(termsofuse && termsofuse != '') { termsofuse = replaceSplSequenceWithSpace(termsofuse); } else { termsofuse = ""; } customlegalowner = imgList.eq(i).attr("customlegalowner"); if(customlegalowner && customlegalowner != '') { customlegalowner = replaceSplSequenceWithSpace(customlegalowner); } else { customlegalowner = ""; } licensetypepk = imgList.eq(i).attr("licensetypepk"); if(licensetypepk && licensetypepk != '') { licensetypepk = replaceSplSequenceWithSpace(licensetypepk); } else { licensetypepk = ""; } copyrightflag = imgList.eq(i).attr("copyrightflag"); if(copyrightflag && copyrightflag != '') { copyrightflag = replaceSplSequenceWithSpace(copyrightflag); } else { copyrightflag = ""; } copyrightadditionaltextflag = imgList.eq(i).attr("copyrightadditionaltextflag"); if(copyrightadditionaltextflag && copyrightadditionaltextflag != '') { copyrightadditionaltextflag = replaceSplSequenceWithSpace(copyrightadditionaltextflag); } else { copyrightadditionaltextflag = ""; } copyRightAdditionalText = imgList.eq(i).attr("copyRightAdditionalText"); if(copyRightAdditionalText && copyRightAdditionalText != '') { copyRightAdditionalText = replaceSplSequenceWithSpace(copyRightAdditionalText); } else { copyRightAdditionalText = ""; } imageCopyrightURL = imgList.eq(i).attr("imageCopyrightURL"); if(imageCopyrightURL && imageCopyrightURL != '') { imageCopyrightURL = replaceSplSequenceWithSpace(imageCopyrightURL); } else { imageCopyrightURL = ""; } displaycopysymbol = imgList.eq(i).attr("displaycopysymbol"); if(displaycopysymbol && displaycopysymbol != '') { // do nothing } else { displaycopysymbol = ""; } displaylegalowner = imgList.eq(i).attr("displaylegalowner"); if(displaylegalowner && displaylegalowner != '') { // do nothing } else { displaylegalowner = ""; } displayimginsertyr = imgList.eq(i).attr("displayimginsertyr"); if(displayimginsertyr && displayimginsertyr != '') { // do nothing } else { displayimginsertyr = ""; } displaytermsofuse = imgList.eq(i).attr("displaytermsofuse"); if(displaytermsofuse && displaytermsofuse != '') { // do nothing } else { displaytermsofuse = ""; } displaycopydesc = imgList.eq(i).attr("displaycopydesc"); if(displaycopydesc && displaycopydesc != '') { // do nothing } else { displaycopydesc = ""; } if (alignClass == "horzAlignCenter") str = "<div class='imageSet " + alignClass + "' style='width: " + width + "px;'><div style='width: " + width + "px;'>"; else str = "<div class='imageSet " + alignClass + "' style=''><div style=''>"; if(trim(paraelementcaption) != '') { str += "<img title=\"" + replaceSplSequenceWithSpace(imgList.eq(i).attr("paraelementcaption")) + "\" src=\"" + imgList.eq(i).attr("src") + "\"><div class=\"clear\"></div>"; } else { str += "<img src=\"" + imgList.eq(i).attr("src") + "\"><div class=\"clear\"></div>"; } if((captionprinty == "true" || captionprinty == "Y") && paraelementcaption != "") { paraelementcaption = "<div class=\"imageCaption pipeblack bold nopad\">" + paraelementcaption + "</div>"; } else { paraelementcaption = ""; } if((legendprinty == "true" || legendprinty == "Y") && paraelementlegends != "") { paraelementlegends = "<div class=\"imageLegend pipeblack nopad\">" + paraelementlegends + "</div>"; } else { paraelementlegends = ""; } copyRightStr = ""; //if(displaycopysymbol != "") { if(copyrightflag == "Y" || copyrightflag == "true") { if(displaycopysymbol == "Y") { copyRightStr += "&#169; "; } if(displayimginsertyr == "Y" && trim(imageinsertyr) != '') { copyRightStr += imageinsertyr + " "; } if(displaylegalowner == "Y") { if(legalowner == 'Public Domain') { copyRightStr += legalowner + " "; } else { copyRightStr += " <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"" + imageCopyrightURL + "\" class=\"inlineLinks\">" + legalowner + "</a>"; } } if(trim(copyrightadditionaltextflag) != '' && copyrightadditionaltextflag == 'Y' && trim(copyRightAdditionalText) != '') { copyRightStr += copyRightAdditionalText + " "; } if(trim(licensetypepk) != '') { if(displaycopydesc == 'Y') { if(trim(paraelementcopyright) != '') { copyRightStr += " "+paraelementcopyright + " "; } } if(trim(termsofuse) != '' && displaytermsofuse == 'Y') { copyRightStr += "<a href=\"javascript:show_inform('Terms of Use', '" + replaceSpecialSequences(termsofuse) + "');\" class=\"inlineLinks\" title=\"View Terms of Use\">" + "<img class=\"nomargin infoImg nofloat\" height=\"13px\" width=\"13px\" src=\"" + cleanUrlContextPath + "/natedimages/info_icon.png\" /></a>"; } } } //} if(paraelementfignums != "" || paraelementcaption != "" || paraelementlegends != "" || copyRightStr != "") { str += "<div class=\"imageCaption pipeblack bold\" style=\"width:"+width+"px;\">"; if(paraelementcaption != "") { str += replaceSpecialSequences(paraelementcaption); } if(paraelementlegends != "") { str += replaceSpecialSequences(paraelementlegends); } if(copyRightStr != "") { str += "<div class=\"creditLine bold nopad\">" + copyRightStr + "</div>"; } str += "<div class=\"clear\"></div></div>"; } str += "</div></div>"; if (alignClass == "horzAlignCenter") str += "<div class=\"clear\"></div>"; imgList.eq(i).before(str); imgList.eq(i).remove(); } } } } function loadCaptchaImageBlogContent() { now = new Date(); var capchaUrl = baseURL+'jimager?flag=blogComment&count=' + now.getUTCDate() + now.getHours() + now.getMinutes() + now.getSeconds() + now.getUTCMilliseconds(); var msg = "<img src='" + capchaUrl + "' height='50' width='150'/>"; document.getElementById('captchaDivID').innerHTML = msg; } function processVideoFLV() { var videoList = $(".mceItemWindowsMedia", document.getElementById('articleContent')); if (videoList != null) { for (var i=0; i<videoList.size(); i++) { var align = videoList.eq(i).attr("align"); if(align == "left") { align = "Left"; } else if(align == "right") { align = "Right"; } var mediaSrc = videoList.eq(i).attr("media_src"); var videoStr = "<a name=\"anchEmbedImg_" + i + "\"><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"hidEmbedImg_" + i + "\" name=\"hidEmbedImg\" value=\"" + cleanBaseURL + mediaSrc + "\" />"; videoStr = videoStr + "<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"hidEmbedPlayerState\" id=\"hidEmbedPlayerState_" + i + "\" value=\"uninitedvideo\"/></a>"; videoStr = videoStr + "<span class=\"Photo imageSet " + align + " margintop20px marginbot20px\" align=\"" + align + "\" style=\"width: 322px !important; float: " + align + "\">"; videoStr = videoStr + "<span id=\"spanVideoPlayer_" + i + "\">"; videoStr = videoStr + "<noscript>"; videoStr = videoStr + "<object classid=\"clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000\" codebase=\"http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=8\" "; videoStr = videoStr + "width=\"320\" height=\"220\" id=\"videoPlayer_" + i + "\" >"; videoStr = videoStr + "<param name=\"allowFullScreen\" value=\"true\">"; videoStr = videoStr + "<param name=\"allowScriptAccess\" value=\"always\">"; videoStr = videoStr + "<param name=\"FlashVars\" value=\"file=" + cleanBaseURL + mediaSrc + "&autostart=false&fullscreen=true&backcolor=0xffffff&stretching=exactfit&javascriptid=videoPlayer_" + i + "\">"; videoStr = videoStr + "<embed type=\"application/x-shockwave-flash\" pluginspage=\"http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer\" width=\"320\" height=\"220\" name=\"videoPlayer\" src=\"" + cleanBaseURL + "/nated/media/player.swf\" flashvars=\"file=" + cleanBaseURL + mediaSrc + "&autostart=false&fullscreen=true&backcolor=0xffffff&stretching=exactfit&javascriptid=videoPlayer_" + i + "\">"; videoStr = videoStr + "</embed></object></noscript></span></span>"; videoList.eq(i).before(videoStr); videoList.eq(i).remove(); } } } function processAudio() { var audioList = $(".mceItemRealMedia", document.getElementById('articleContent')); if (audioList != null) { for (var i=0; i<audioList.size(); i++) { var align = audioList.eq(i).attr("align"); if(align == "left") { align = "Left"; } else if(align == "right") { align = "Right"; } var mediaSrc = audioList.eq(i).attr("media_src"); var audioStr = "<span class=\"Photo imageSet " + align + " \" align=\"" + align + "\" style=\"width: 322px !important; float: " + align + "\">"; audioStr = audioStr + "<div class=\"nomargin padleft4px pipeblack bold textalignleft\">"; audioStr = audioStr + "<object style=\"margin-top:5px;float:left\" classid=\"clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000\" codebase=\"http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=8\" width=\"320\" height=\"20\" id=\"audioPlayer_\"" + i + "\">"; audioStr = audioStr + "<param name=\"movie\" value=\"" + cleanBaseURL + "/nated/media/mediaplayer.swf\">"; audioStr = audioStr + "<param name=\"bgcolor\" value=\"#ffffff\">"; audioStr = audioStr + "<param name=\"allowFullScreen\" value=\"true\">"; audioStr = audioStr + "<param name=\"allowScriptAccess\" value=\"always\">"; audioStr = audioStr + "<param name=\"swLiveConnect\" value=\"true\">"; audioStr = audioStr + "<param name=\"FlashVars\" value=\"file=" + cleanBaseURL + mediaSrc + "&autostart=false&fullscreen=true&backcolor=0xffffff&stretching=exactfit&width=320&height=20&javascriptid=audioPlayer_" + i + "\">"; audioStr = audioStr + "<embed type=\"application/x-shockwave-flash\" pluginspage=\"http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer\" width=\"315\" height=\"20\" name=\"audioPlayer\" src=\"" + cleanBaseURL + "/nated/media/mediaplayer.swf\" flashvars=\"file=" + cleanBaseURL + mediaSrc + "&width=320&height=20&autostart=false&fullscreen=true&backcolor=0xffffff&stretching=exactfit&javascriptid=audioPlayer_" + i + "\">"; audioStr = audioStr + "</embed></object></div></span>"; audioList.eq(i).before(audioStr); audioList.eq(i).remove(); } } } function processVideoYouTube() { var align = $("span[name='externalMediaSpan']").attr("align"); $("span[name='externalMediaSpan'] img").remove(); $("span[name='externalMediaSpan']").css("margin", "5px").css("float", align); } </script> <script type="text/plain" data-cc-script="C04"> var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? "https://ssl." : "http://www."); (function (s) { s.src = gaJsHost + 'google-analytics.com/ga.js'; s.type = 'text/javascript'; document.head.appendChild(s); })(document.createElement('script')); </script> <script type="text/plain" data-cc-script="C04"> try { var pageTracker = _gat._getTracker("UA-12063924-2"); pageTracker._trackPageview(); } catch(err) {}</script> </div> </body> </html>

Pages： 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10