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If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.</li> <li>You <b>must</b> provide <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copying_within_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Copying within Wikipedia">copyright attribution</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_summary" title="Help:Edit summary">edit summary</a> accompanying your translation by providing an <a href="/wiki/Help:Interlanguage_links" title="Help:Interlanguage links">interlanguage link</a> to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is <code>Content in this edit is translated from the existing Dutch Wikipedia article at [[:nl:Bernardus Alfrink]]; see its history for attribution.</code></li> <li>You may also add the template <code>{{Translated|nl|Bernardus Alfrink}}</code> to the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink" title="Talk:Bernardus Johannes Alfrink">talk page</a>.</li> <li>For more guidance, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Translation" title="Wikipedia:Translation">Wikipedia:Translation</a>.</li></ul></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><p><b>Bernardus Johannes Alfrink</b> (5 July 1900 – 17 December 1987) was a Dutch <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholic_Church)" title="Cardinal (Catholic Church)">Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church</a>. He served as <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Utrecht" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Utrecht">Archbishop of Utrecht</a> from 1955 to 1975, and was elevated to the <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholic_Church)" title="Cardinal (Catholic Church)">cardinalate</a> in 1960.<sup id="cite_ref-Who_Was_Who_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Who_Was_Who-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above n" style="font-size:125%;color: #202122; background-color: #FFA4A4;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;display:inline;">His Eminence</div><br><div style="display:inline" class="fn">Bernardus Johannes Alfrink</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader role"><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholic_Church)" title="Cardinal (Catholic Church)">Cardinal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Utrecht" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Utrecht">Archbishop of Utrecht</a><br><a href="/wiki/Primate_(bishop)" title="Primate (bishop)">Primate of the Netherlands</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Kardinaal_Alfrink.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Cardinal Bernardus Johannes Alfrink" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Kardinaal_Alfrink.JPG/220px-Kardinaal_Alfrink.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="311" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Kardinaal_Alfrink.JPG/330px-Kardinaal_Alfrink.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Kardinaal_Alfrink.JPG/440px-Kardinaal_Alfrink.JPG 2x" data-file-width="584" data-file-height="825"></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Church</th><td class="infobox-data org"><a href="/wiki/Latin_Church" title="Latin Church">Latin Church</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Archdiocese</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Utrecht" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Utrecht">Utrecht</a></td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Installed</th><td class="infobox-data">31 October 1955</td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Term ended</th><td class="infobox-data">6 December 1975</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Johannes_de_Jong" title="Johannes de Jong">Johannes de Jong</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Willebrands" title="Johannes Willebrands">Johannes Willebrands</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background-color:#DDDDDD;">Orders</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ordination</th><td class="infobox-data">15 August 1924<br>by <a href="/wiki/Henricus_van_de_Wetering" title="Henricus van de Wetering">Henricus van de Wetering</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Consecration</th><td class="infobox-data">17 July 1951<br>by <a href="/wiki/Paolo_Giobbe" title="Paolo Giobbe">Paolo Giobbe</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Created cardinal</th><td class="infobox-data">28 March 1960<br>by <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_XXIII" title="Pope John XXIII">John XXIII</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Priest" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal Priest">Cardinal Priest</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background-color:#DDDDDD;">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">5 July 1900<br><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Nijkerk" title="Nijkerk">Nijkerk</a>, Netherlands</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">17 December 1987<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend dday deathdate">1987-12-18</span>)</span> (aged 87)<br><a href="/wiki/Nieuwegein" title="Nieuwegein">Nieuwegein</a>, Netherlands</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Buried</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/St._Catherine%27s_Cathedral,_Utrecht" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Catherine's Cathedral, Utrecht">Saint Catherine's Cathedral, Utrecht, Netherlands</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">Dutch</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Denomination</th><td class="infobox-data category">Roman Catholic</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Motto</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>EVANGELIZARE DIVITIAS CHRISTI</i></td></tr></tbody></table> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Biography"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Biography</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Views"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Views</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Aggiornamento"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Aggiornamento</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Edward_Schillebeeckx"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Edward Schillebeeckx</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Royal_conversion"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Royal conversion</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Awards_and_honors"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Awards and honors</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Alfrink's_bibliography"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Alfrink's bibliography</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink" title="Special:EditPage/Bernardus Johannes Alfrink">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Bernardus+Johannes+Alfrink%22">"Bernardus Johannes Alfrink"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Bernardus+Johannes+Alfrink%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Bernardus+Johannes+Alfrink%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Bernardus+Johannes+Alfrink%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Bernardus+Johannes+Alfrink%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Bernardus+Johannes+Alfrink%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Coat_of_arms_of_Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink.svg/220px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="235" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1150" data-file-height="1226"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 235px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Coat_of_arms_of_Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink.svg/220px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink.svg.png" data-width="220" data-height="235" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Coat_of_arms_of_Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink.svg/330px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Coat_of_arms_of_Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink.svg/440px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Coat of arms of cardinal Bernardus Alfrink.</figcaption></figure> <p>Born in <a href="/wiki/Nijkerk" title="Nijkerk">Nijkerk</a>, Bernardus Johannes Alfrink was the youngest son of Theodorus Johannes Alfrink and his wife, Elisabeth Catharina Ossenvoort. His mother died in 1901 at the birth of his two younger twin sisters (both of whom also died after a few months), after which Bernardus was cared for by a childless aunt from neighboring <a href="/wiki/Barneveld_(town)" title="Barneveld (town)">Barneveld</a> for the next three years. The priest who baptized him was Father Johannes Verstege. Alfrink received his <a href="/wiki/First_Communion" title="First Communion">first Communion</a> in 1911. </p><p>After attending the minor seminary in <a href="/wiki/Culemborg" title="Culemborg">Culemborg</a>, he enrolled in the <a href="/wiki/Seminary" title="Seminary">seminary</a> at <a href="/wiki/Rijsenburg" title="Rijsenburg">Rijsenburg</a>, and, eventually attended the <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Biblical_Institute" title="Pontifical Biblical Institute">Pontifical Biblical Institute</a> in Rome. He was <a href="/wiki/Holy_Orders" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy Orders">ordained</a> to the priesthood on 15 August 1924 by Archbishop <a href="/wiki/Henricus_van_de_Wetering" title="Henricus van de Wetering">Henricus van de Wetering</a>. He completed his studies at the École Biblique in <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> in 1930, the same year he was appointed chaplain in <a href="/wiki/Maarssen" title="Maarssen">Maarssen</a>. He also did <a href="/wiki/Parish_(Catholic_Church)" title="Parish (Catholic Church)">pastoral</a> work in <a href="/wiki/Utrecht_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Utrecht (city)">Utrecht</a> until 1933. Alfrink taught at the Seminary of Rijsenburg (1933–1945) and later the <a href="/wiki/Radboud_University_Nijmegen" title="Radboud University Nijmegen">Catholic University of Nijmegen</a> (1945–1951). </p><p>On 28 May 1951, he was appointed <a href="/wiki/Coadjutor_bishop" title="Coadjutor bishop">Coadjutor Archbishop</a> of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Utrecht" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Utrecht">Utrecht</a> and <a href="/wiki/Titular_bishop" title="Titular bishop">Titular Archbishop</a> of <i>Tyana</i>. Alfrink received his <a href="/wiki/Bishop_(Catholicism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop (Catholicism)">episcopal consecration</a> on the following 17 July from Archbishop <a href="/wiki/Paolo_Giobbe" title="Paolo Giobbe">Paolo Giobbe</a>, papal <a href="/wiki/Internuncio" class="mw-redirect" title="Internuncio">internuncio</a> in <a href="/wiki/The_Hague" title="The Hague">The Hague</a>, with Bishops Willem Lemmens and Jan Smit serving as <a href="/wiki/Consecrator" title="Consecrator">co-consecrators</a>, in <a href="/wiki/St._Catherine%27s_Cathedral,_Utrecht" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Catherine's Cathedral, Utrecht">Saint Catherine's Cathedral</a>. </p><p>Alfrink succeeded Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Johannes_de_Jong" title="Johannes de Jong">Johannes de Jong</a> as <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Utrecht" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Utrecht">Archbishop of Utrecht</a> on 31 October 1955 and was named <a href="/wiki/Apostolic_vicariate" title="Apostolic vicariate">Apostolic vicar</a> of the Catholic <a href="/wiki/Military_Ordinariate_of_the_Netherlands" title="Military Ordinariate of the Netherlands">Military vicariate of the Netherlands</a> on 16 April 1957. He contributed to <a href="/wiki/Scientific_literature" title="Scientific literature">scientific publications</a>, led the <i><a href="/wiki/Pax_Christi" title="Pax Christi">Pax Christi</a></i> movement in the Netherlands, and was created <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholic_Church)" title="Cardinal (Catholic Church)">Cardinal-Priest</a> of <i><a href="/wiki/San_Gioacchino_ai_Prati_di_Castello" title="San Gioacchino ai Prati di Castello">San Gioacchino ai Prati di Castello</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_XXIII" title="Pope John XXIII">Pope John XXIII</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Papal_consistory" title="Papal consistory">consistory</a> of 28 March 1960. </p><p>From 1962 to 1965, the Dutch <a href="/wiki/Primate_(bishop)" title="Primate (bishop)">primate</a> participated at the <a href="/wiki/Second_Vatican_Council" title="Second Vatican Council">Second Vatican Council</a>, and sat on its Board of Presidency. During one session of the council, Alfrink had Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Alfredo_Ottaviani" title="Alfredo Ottaviani">Alfredo Ottaviani</a>'s microphone turned off after the latter exceeded his time limit.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Alfrink was one of the <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_electors_in_Papal_conclave,_1963" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal electors in Papal conclave, 1963">cardinal electors</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Papal_conclave,_1963" class="mw-redirect" title="Papal conclave, 1963">1963 papal conclave</a>, which selected <a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_VI" title="Pope Paul VI">Pope Paul VI</a>. Along with Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Colombo" title="Giovanni Colombo">Giovanni Colombo</a>, he assisted Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Achille_Li%C3%A9nart" title="Achille Liénart">Achille Liénart</a> in delivering one of the closing messages of the council on 8 December 1965.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the first meeting between Church and Freemasonry which had been held on 11 April 1969 at the convent of the Divine Master in <a href="/wiki/Ariccia" title="Ariccia">Ariccia</a>, he was the protagonist of a series of public handshakes between high prelates of the Roman Catholic Church and the heads of <a href="/wiki/Freemasonry" title="Freemasonry">Freemasonry</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Magister,_1999_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Magister,_1999-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He served as President of the <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="Episcopal Conference">Episcopal Conference</a> of the Netherlands. Resigning as Utrecht's archbishop on 6 December 1975, he later <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_electors_in_Papal_conclaves,_August_and_October_1978" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal electors in Papal conclaves, August and October 1978">voted</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Papal_conclave" title="Papal conclave">conclaves</a> of <a href="/wiki/Papal_conclave,_August_1978" class="mw-redirect" title="Papal conclave, August 1978">August</a> and <a href="/wiki/Papal_conclave,_October_1978" class="mw-redirect" title="Papal conclave, October 1978">October 1978</a>, which selected <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_I" title="Pope John Paul I">Popes John Paul I</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">John Paul II</a> respectively. During the last years of his life, Alfrink lived, with his housekeeper Dora, in a bungalow at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dijnselburg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dijnselburg (page does not exist)">Dijnselburg</a> near <a href="/wiki/Huis_ter_Heide,_Utrecht" title="Huis ter Heide, Utrecht">Huis ter Heide</a>. The bungalow was called "Dora et Labora" by the Cardinal. It was specifically designed for him. He reappeared in public when Pope John Paul II visited the cardinal in 1985 during a papal visit to <a href="/wiki/Benelux" title="Benelux">Benelux</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Bernardus Johannes Cardinal Alfrink died in <a href="/wiki/Nieuwegein" title="Nieuwegein">Nieuwegein</a> at age 87, and after his funeral services in St. Catharine's Cathedral, was buried at St. Barbara's cemetery, next to his predecessor.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Views">Views</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Views" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aggiornamento">Aggiornamento</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Aggiornamento" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Viewed by some as a "liberal",<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Cardinal once said, "It is always a good thing for the Church to <a href="/wiki/Aggiornamento" title="Aggiornamento">move forward</a>. It is not good if the Church comes to a standstill."<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Edward_Schillebeeckx">Edward Schillebeeckx</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Edward Schillebeeckx" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Nijmegen's <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Order" title="Dominican Order">Dominican</a> theologian <a href="/wiki/Edward_Schillebeeckx" title="Edward Schillebeeckx">Edward Schillebeeckx</a> was Alfrink's regular advisor. Alfrink supported Schillebeeckx and took the latter's condemnation <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (July 2020)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> as an offence to the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholicism_in_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholicism in the Netherlands">Catholic Church in the Netherlands</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Royal_conversion">Royal conversion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Royal conversion" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Alfrink refused to respond to the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Reformed_Church" title="Dutch Reformed Church">Dutch Reformed Church</a>'s call for clarification in regards to <a href="/wiki/Princess_Irene_of_the_Netherlands" title="Princess Irene of the Netherlands">Princess Irene</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Religious_conversion" title="Religious conversion">conversion</a> to Catholicism in connection with her intended marriage to <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Hugo,_Duke_of_Parma" title="Carlos Hugo, Duke of Parma">Prince Carlos Hugo of Bourbon-Parma</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Awards_and_honors">Awards and honors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Awards and honors" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <p>In 1986, Alfrink received the Four Freedoms Award for the Freedom of Worship.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Alfrink's_bibliography"><span id="Alfrink.27s_bibliography"></span>Alfrink's bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Alfrink's bibliography" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <ul><li>Israelitische und Babylonische Jenseitsvorstellungen. Dissertation bei der Päpstlichen Bibelkommission zur Erlangung der Doktorwürde eingereicht von Bernhard Alfrink, Priester der Erzdiözese Utrecht (Rome, 1930)</li> <li>Het Boek Prediker (Brugge, 1932)</li> <li>Het boek Ecclesiasticus (Brugge, 1934)</li> <li>Epistels en evangeliën volgens het Romeinsch missaal (met G. Hartmann en P. van Grinsven, Hilversum, 1938)</li> <li>Het Passieverhaal der vier Evangelisten (Nijmegen, 1946)</li> <li>Over "typologische« exegese" van het Oude Testament (oratie, Nijmegen, 1945)</li> <li>Josue, uit de grondtekst vertaald en uitgelegd (Roermond, 1952)</li> <li>Vragen aan de Kerk: toespraken van kardinaal Alfrink in de jaren van het concilie, met een inleiding van Edward Schillebeeckx (Utrecht/Baarn, 1967)</li> <li>Vrede is meer ... – kardinaal Alfrink over oorlog en vrede Pax Christi, 1973</li> <li>Leven in de Kerk. Michel van der Plas in gesprek met Kardinaal Alfrink (Utrecht/Baarn, 1984), <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9026306547" title="Special:BookSources/9026306547">9026306547</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Who_Was_Who-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Who_Was_Who_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">"Alfrink, Bernard Jan Cardinal". <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/whowaswhoinameri11marq"><i>Who Was Who in America, 1993–1996, vol. 11</i></a></span>. New Providence, N.J.: Marquis Who's Who. 1996. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/whowaswhoinameri11marq/page/4">4</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0837902258" title="Special:BookSources/0837902258"><bdi>0837902258</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Alfrink%2C+Bernard+Jan+Cardinal&rft.btitle=Who+Was+Who+in+America%2C+1993%E2%80%931996%2C+vol.+11&rft.place=New+Providence%2C+N.J.&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=Marquis+Who%27s+Who&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0837902258&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwhowaswhoinameri11marq&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABernardus+Johannes+Alfrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ewtn.com/library/Theology/SIPVAT2.HTM">"What Went Wrong With Vatican II"</a>. Ewtn.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+Went+Wrong+With+Vatican+II&rft.pub=Ewtn.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ewtn.com%2Flibrary%2FTheology%2FSIPVAT2.HTM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABernardus+Johannes+Alfrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070403055431/http://www.christusrex.org/www1/CDHN/v19.html">"To Rulers"</a>. Christusrex.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.christusrex.org/www1/CDHN/v19.html">the original</a> on 3 April 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=To+Rulers&rft.pub=Christusrex.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.christusrex.org%2Fwww1%2FCDHN%2Fv19.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABernardus+Johannes+Alfrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Magister,_1999-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Magister,_1999_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSandro_Magister1999" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Sandro_Magister" title="Sandro Magister">Sandro Magister</a> (19 August 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://chiesa-espresso-repubblica-it.translate.goog/articolo/7167.html?_x_tr_sl=it&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=it&_x_tr_pto=wapp">"Tra il papa e il massone non c'è comunione"</a> [There is no communion between the pope and the Mason] (in Italian). <a href="/wiki/L%27Espresso" title="L'Espresso">L'Espresso</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tra+il+papa+e+il+massone+non+c%27%C3%A8+comunione&rft.pub=L%27Espresso&rft.date=1999-08-19&rft.au=Sandro+Magister&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fchiesa-espresso-repubblica-it.translate.goog%2Farticolo%2F7167.html%3F_x_tr_sl%3Dit%26_x_tr_tl%3Den%26_x_tr_hl%3Dit%26_x_tr_pto%3Dwapp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABernardus+Johannes+Alfrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070930061015/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,829210-9,00.html">"Council of Renewal"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a>. 5 October 1962. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,829210-9,00.html">the original</a> on 30 September 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Council+of+Renewal&rft.date=1962-10-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C829210-9%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABernardus+Johannes+Alfrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070930070601/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,941081-2,00.html">"The Radical, Revolutionary Church of The Netherlands"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a>. 31 March 1967. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,941081-2,00.html">the original</a> on 30 September 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Radical%2C+Revolutionary+Church+of+The+Netherlands&rft.date=1967-03-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C941081-2%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABernardus+Johannes+Alfrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150325223647/http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards">"Four Freedoms Awards"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rooseveltinstitute.org/four-freedoms-awards">the original</a> on 25 March 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Four+Freedoms+Awards&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rooseveltinstitute.org%2Ffour-freedoms-awards&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABernardus+Johannes+Alfrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 30px;height: 40px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="30" data-height="40" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bernardus_Alfrink" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Bernardus Alfrink">Bernardus Alfrink</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios-a.htm#Alfrink">Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FABE60;"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church titles</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Pietro_Doimo_Munzani" class="mw-redirect" title="Pietro Doimo Munzani">Pietro Doimo Munzani</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Titular_Archbishop" class="mw-redirect" title="Titular Archbishop">Titular Archbishop</a> of <a href="/wiki/Tyana" title="Tyana">Tyana</a> </b><br>28 May 1951 – 31 October 1955 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primo_Principi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Primo Principi (page does not exist)">Primo Principi</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Johannes_de_Jong" title="Johannes de Jong">Johannes de Jong</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Utrecht" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Utrecht">Archbishop of Utrecht</a> </b><br>31 October 1955 – 6 December 1975 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="2">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Willebrands" title="Johannes Willebrands">Johannes Willebrands</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>New title</b> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Apostolic_vicariate" title="Apostolic vicariate">Apostolic vicar</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Military_Ordinariate_of_the_Netherlands" title="Military Ordinariate of the Netherlands">Military vicariate of the Netherlands</a> </b><br>1957–1975 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>New title</b> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Priest" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal Priest">Cardinal Priest</a> of <a href="/wiki/List_of_titular_churches_in_Rome" class="mw-redirect" title="List of titular churches in Rome">San Gioacchino ai Prati di Castello</a> </b><br>28 March 1960 – 17 December 1987 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Michele_Giordano" title="Michele Giordano">Michele Giordano</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Feltin" title="Maurice Feltin">Maurice Feltin</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Pax_Christi" title="Pax Christi">International President of Pax Christi</a> </b><br>1965—1978 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Bettazzi" title="Luigi Bettazzi">Luigi Bettazzi</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div>    </section></div> <noscript><img src="https://login.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink&oldid=1257890195">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink&oldid=1257890195</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="GreenC bot" data-user-gender="unknown" data-timestamp="1731814324"> <span>Last edited on 17 November 2024, at 03:32</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_Jan_Alfrink" title="Bernard Jan Alfrink – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Bernard Jan Alfrink" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_Jan_Alfrink" title="Bernard Jan Alfrink – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bernard Jan Alfrink" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_Jan_Alfrink" title="Bernard Jan Alfrink – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bernard Jan Alfrink" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink" title="Bernardus Johannes Alfrink – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bernardus Johannes Alfrink" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink" title="Bernardus Johannes Alfrink – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bernardus Johannes Alfrink" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink" title="Bernardus Johannes Alfrink – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Bernardus Johannes Alfrink" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink" title="Bernardus Johannes Alfrink – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Bernardus Johannes Alfrink" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink" title="Bernardus Johannes Alfrink – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bernardus Johannes Alfrink" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_Jan_Alfrink" title="Bernard Jan Alfrink – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Bernard Jan Alfrink" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3_%DA%86%D9%88%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%83" title="بيرناردوس چوهانس الفرينك – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بيرناردوس چوهانس الفرينك" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardus_Alfrink" title="Bernardus Alfrink – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Bernardus Alfrink" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink" title="Bernardus Johannes Alfrink – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Bernardus Johannes Alfrink" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_Jan_Alfrink" title="Bernard Jan Alfrink – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Bernard Jan Alfrink" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink" title="Bernardus Johannes Alfrink – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bernardus Johannes Alfrink" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardus_Johannes_Alfrink" title="Bernardus Johannes Alfrink – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Bernardus Johannes Alfrink" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA,_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%99%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Алфринк, Бернардус Йоханнес – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Алфринк, Бернардус Йоханнес" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_Jan_Alfrink" title="Bernard Jan Alfrink – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Bernard Jan Alfrink" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 17 November 2024, at 03:32<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a 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