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data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menut principal/Menut principau</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">mòu a la barra laterala</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">Escondre</button> </div> <div id="p-Navigacion" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Navigacion" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigacion </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Acuèlh" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Acu%C3%A8lh"><span>Acuèlh</span></a></li><li id="n-La-tavèrna" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A8dia:La_tav%C3%A8rna"><span>La tavèrna</span></a></li><li id="n-thema" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Acu%C3%A8lh"><span>Portals tematics</span></a></li><li id="n-alphindex" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Totas_las_paginas"><span>Indèx alfabetic</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Pagina_a_l%27azard" title="Afichar una pagina a l'azard [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Una pagina a l'azard</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Contact-url"><span>contact</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Contribuir" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Contribuir" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribuir </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Somari" title="L'endrech per s'assabentar."><span>Ajuda</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A8dia:Acu%C3%A8lh" title="A prepaus del projècte, çò que podètz far, ont trobar d'informacions"><span>Comunautat</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Darri%C3%A8rs_cambiaments" title="Lista dels darrièrs cambiaments sul wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Darrièrs cambiaments</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutwp" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A8dia:Acu%C3%A8lh_dels_nov%C3%A8ls_venguts"><span>Acuèlh dels novèls venguts</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Acu%C3%A8lh" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipèdia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-oc.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.1875em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="l'enciclopèdia liura" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-oc.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 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class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Recercar sus Wikipèdia" aria-label="Recercar sus Wikipèdia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cercar dins Wikipèdia [C]" accesskey="C" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Especial:Recèrca"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Recercar</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Aisinas personalas"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Modifier l'apparence de la taille, de la largeur et de la couleur de la police de la page" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aparença" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aparença</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_oc.wikipedia.org&uselang=oc" class=""><span>Far un don</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crear_un_compte&returnto=Ucra%C3%AFna" title="Vos es conselhat de crear un compte e de vos connectar ; pasmens, es pas obligatòri" class=""><span>Crear un compte</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Nom_d%27utilizaire&returnto=Ucra%C3%AFna" title="Sètz convidat(ada) a vos identificar, mas es pas obligatòri. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Se connectar</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Més opcions" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aisinas personalas" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aisinas personalas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menú d'usuari" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_oc.wikipedia.org&uselang=oc"><span>Far un don</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crear_un_compte&returnto=Ucra%C3%AFna" title="Vos es conselhat de crear un compte e de vos connectar ; pasmens, es pas obligatòri"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Crear un compte</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Nom_d%27utilizaire&returnto=Ucra%C3%AFna" title="Sètz convidat(ada) a vos identificar, mas es pas obligatòri. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Se connectar</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pàgines per a editors no registrats <a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Introducci%C3%B3" aria-label="Vegeu més informació sobre l'edició"><span>més informació</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Mas_contribucions" title="Una llista de les modificacions fetes des d'aquesta adreça IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Mas_discussions" title="La pagina de discussion per aquesta adreça IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Somari" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Somari</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mòu a la barra laterala</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">Escondre</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Començament</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Geografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Geografia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geografia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Geografia</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Geografia_fisica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geografia_fisica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Geografia fisica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geografia_fisica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geografia_politica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geografia_politica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Geografia politica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geografia_politica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Clima" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Clima"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Clima</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Clima-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Istòria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Istòria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Istòria</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Istòria-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Istòria</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Istòria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Preïstòria_e_Antiquitat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Preïstòria_e_Antiquitat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Preïstòria e Antiquitat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Preïstòria_e_Antiquitat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dau_Rus'_de_Kyiiv_a_la_conquista_russa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dau_Rus'_de_Kyiiv_a_la_conquista_russa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Dau Rus' de Kyiiv a la conquista russa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dau_Rus'_de_Kyiiv_a_la_conquista_russa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lo_Rus'_de_Kyiiv" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lo_Rus'_de_Kyiiv"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Lo Rus' de Kyiiv</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lo_Rus'_de_Kyiiv-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leis_invasions_mongòlas_e_lituanianas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leis_invasions_mongòlas_e_lituanianas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span>Leis invasions mongòlas e lituanianas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leis_invasions_mongòlas_e_lituanianas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-L'influéncia_polonesa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#L'influéncia_polonesa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.3</span> <span>L'influéncia polonesa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-L'influéncia_polonesa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lei_Cosacs_Zaporoges" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lei_Cosacs_Zaporoges"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.4</span> <span>Lei Cosacs Zaporoges</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lei_Cosacs_Zaporoges-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-L'Ucraïna_Russa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#L'Ucraïna_Russa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>L'Ucraïna Russa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-L'Ucraïna_Russa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-La_conquista_russa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_conquista_russa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.1</span> <span>La conquista russa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_conquista_russa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_Russia_Novèla" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_Russia_Novèla"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.2</span> <span>La Russia Novèla</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_Russia_Novèla-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_Galícia_Austriana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_Galícia_Austriana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.3</span> <span>La Galícia Austriana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_Galícia_Austriana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_Premiera_Guèrra_Mondiala_e_sei_consequéncias" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_Premiera_Guèrra_Mondiala_e_sei_consequéncias"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>La Premiera Guèrra Mondiala e sei consequéncias</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_Premiera_Guèrra_Mondiala_e_sei_consequéncias-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-L'independéncia_e_l'ocupacion_alemanda" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#L'independéncia_e_l'ocupacion_alemanda"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1</span> <span>L'independéncia e l'ocupacion alemanda</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-L'independéncia_e_l'ocupacion_alemanda-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lo_caòs_de_1919" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lo_caòs_de_1919"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.2</span> <span>Lo caòs de 1919</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lo_caòs_de_1919-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Blancs_còntra_Roges" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Blancs_còntra_Roges"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.3</span> <span>Blancs còntra Roges</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Blancs_còntra_Roges-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-L'Ucraïna_Sovietica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#L'Ucraïna_Sovietica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>L'Ucraïna Sovietica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-L'Ucraïna_Sovietica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-De_l'ucrainizacion_a_l'Holodomòr" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#De_l'ucrainizacion_a_l'Holodomòr"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5.1</span> <span>De l'ucrainizacion a l'Holodomòr</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-De_l'ucrainizacion_a_l'Holodomòr-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_Segonda_Guèrra_Mondiala" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_Segonda_Guèrra_Mondiala"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5.2</span> <span>La Segonda Guèrra Mondiala</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_Segonda_Guèrra_Mondiala-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-De_1945_a_l'independéncia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#De_1945_a_l'independéncia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5.3</span> <span>De 1945 a l'independéncia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-De_1945_a_l'independéncia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-L'Ucraïna_independenta" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#L'Ucraïna_independenta"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>L'Ucraïna independenta</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-L'Ucraïna_independenta-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lei_dificultats_de_l'independéncia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lei_dificultats_de_l'independéncia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.1</span> <span>Lei dificultats de l'independéncia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lei_dificultats_de_l'independéncia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_presidéncia_Koutchma" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_presidéncia_Koutchma"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.2</span> <span>La presidéncia Koutchma</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_presidéncia_Koutchma-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_Revolucion_Arange_e_sei_decepcions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_Revolucion_Arange_e_sei_decepcions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.3</span> <span>La Revolucion Arange e sei decepcions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_Revolucion_Arange_e_sei_decepcions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_crisi_de_2014_e_la_guèrra_civila_dins_l'èst" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_crisi_de_2014_e_la_guèrra_civila_dins_l'èst"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.4</span> <span>La crisi de 2014 e la guèrra civila dins l'èst</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_crisi_de_2014_e_la_guèrra_civila_dins_l'èst-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Cultura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cultura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liames_intèrnes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liames_intèrnes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Liames intèrnes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liames_intèrnes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nòtas_e_referéncias" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nòtas_e_referéncias"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Nòtas e referéncias</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nòtas_e_referéncias-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Somari" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ucraïna</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 298 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-298" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">298 lengas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - abkhaz" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abkhaz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - atjeh" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="atjeh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8D" title="Украинэ - adigué" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Украинэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="adigué" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articles de qualitat"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oekra%C3%AFne" title="Oekraïne - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Oekraïne" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - aleman de Soïssa" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="aleman de Soïssa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%A9%E1%8A%AD%E1%88%AC%E1%8A%95" title="ዩክሬን - amaric" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ዩክሬን" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articles de qualitat"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucra%C3%ADna" title="Ucraína - aragonés" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Ucraína" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucr%C3%A6gna" title="Ucrægna - anglès antic" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Ucrægna" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="anglès antic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yukeren" title="Yukeren - obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Yukeren" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="युक्रेन - angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="युक्रेन" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="أوكرانيا - arabi" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أوكرانيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%90%DC%98%DC%A9%DC%AA%DC%90%DC%9D%DC%A2%DC%90" title="ܐܘܩܪܐܝܢܐ - arameu" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܐܘܩܪܐܝܢܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="arameu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A4%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="ؤكرانيا - arabe marocain" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="ؤكرانيا" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="arabe marocain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="اوكرانيا - àrab egipci" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اوكرانيا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="àrab egipci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8" title="ইউক্ৰেইন - assamès" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ইউক্ৰেইন" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucra%C3%ADna" title="Ucraína - asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ucraína" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - àvar" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="àvar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="युक्रेन - awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="युक्रेन" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraniya" title="Ukraniya - aimara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Ukraniya" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="aimara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrayna" title="Ukrayna - azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ukrayna" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86" title="اوکراین - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اوکراین" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - baixkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baixkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - balinés" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - bavarès" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bavarès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okraina" title="Okraina - samogitien" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Okraina" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - batak toba" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="batak toba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Toba</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukranya" title="Ukranya - Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Ukranya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украіна - belarús" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Украіна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarús" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украіна - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Украіна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrain" title="Ukrain - betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Ukrain" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украйна - bulgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Украйна" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="यूक्रेन - Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="यूक्रेन" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yukren" title="Yukren - bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Yukren" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9A%E1%80%B0%E1%80%80%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%81%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%91%E1%80%AE" title="ယူကရေင်းခမ်းထီ - Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ယူကရေင်းခမ်းထီ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrain" title="Ukrain - bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Ukrain" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8" title="ইউক্রেন - bengalin" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইউক্রেন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A8%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%80%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%93%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8D" title="ཨུཀ་རཡི་ནི། - tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཨུཀ་རཡི་ནི།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8" title="ইউক্রেন - bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="ইউক্রেন" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articles de qualitat"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrajina" title="Ukrajina - bosniac" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ukrajina" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A8%95%E1%A8%98%E1%A8%80%E1%A8%91%E1%A8%95%E1%A8%97%E1%A8%8A%E1%A8%99" title="ᨕᨘᨀᨑᨕᨗᨊᨙ - buginés" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="ᨕᨘᨀᨑᨕᨗᨊᨙ" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="buginés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Ugi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucra%C3%AFna" title="Ucraïna - catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ucraïna" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucrania" title="Ucrania - Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Ucrania" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukranya" title="Ukranya - cebuan" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Ukranya" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrania" title="Ukrania - chamorro" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Ukrania" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="chamorro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chamoru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%B3%E1%8E%A7%E1%8E%B4%E1%8F%82" title="ᏳᎧᎴᏂ - cheroqui" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏳᎧᎴᏂ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="cheroqui" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - xeiene" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="xeiene" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7" title="ئوکراینا - kurd central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئوکراینا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurd central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucraina" title="Ucraina - còrs" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Ucraina" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="còrs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - tàtar de Crimea" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="tàtar de Crimea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrajina" title="Ukrajina - chèc" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ukrajina" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="chèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%99krajina" title="Ùkrajina - caixubi" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Ùkrajina" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="caixubi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Оукраина - eslavon" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Оукраина" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="eslavon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - chovash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="chovash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wcr%C3%A1in" title="Wcráin - gal·lès" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Wcráin" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gal·lès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - danés" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - alemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - dinka" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="dinka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Thuɔŋjäŋ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrayna" title="Ukrayna - Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Ukrayna" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - baix sòrab" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="baix sòrab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="युक्रेन - Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="युक्रेन" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%94%DE%AB%DE%86%DE%B0%DE%83%DE%AC%DE%87%DE%A8%DE%82%DE%B0" title="ޔޫކްރެއިން - divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ޔޫކްރެއިން" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CF%85%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Ουκρανία - grèc" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ουκρανία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucragna" title="Ucragna - Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Ucragna" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - anglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainio" title="Ukrainio - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ukrainio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articles de qualitat"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucrania" title="Ucrania - espanhòl" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ucrania" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhòl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucrania" title="Ucrania - extremeny" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Ucrania" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="extremeny" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86" title="اوکراین - perse" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اوکراین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrayiina" title="Ukrayiina - ful" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Ukrayiina" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="ful" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - finlandés" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - feroés" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="feroés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - francés" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucr%C3%A8na" title="Ucrèna - francoprovençal" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Ucrèna" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="francoprovençal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - frisó septentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisó septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucraine" title="Ucraine - friolan" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Ucraine" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friolan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oekra%C3%AFne" title="Oekraïne - frisó occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Oekraïne" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisó occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_%C3%9Acr%C3%A1in" title="An Úcráin - irlandés" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Úcráin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrayna" title="Ukrayna - gagaús" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Ukrayna" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="gagaús" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E5%85%8B%E8%98%AD" title="烏克蘭 - xinès gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="烏克蘭" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="xinès gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oukr%C3%A8n" title="Oukrèn - créole guyanais" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Oukrèn" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="créole guyanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Ucr%C3%A0in" title="An Ucràin - gaelic escossés" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="An Ucràin" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaelic escossés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucra%C3%ADna" title="Ucraína - galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ucraína" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uky%C3%A1%C3%B1a" title="Ukyáña - guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Ukyáña" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="युक्रेन - concani de Goa" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="युक्रेन" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="concani de Goa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8C%BA%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BE%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8C%B0" title="𐌿𐌺𐍂𐌰𐌾𐌽𐌰 - gòtic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌿𐌺𐍂𐌰𐌾𐌽𐌰" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="gòtic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AF%E0%AB%82%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%87%E0%AA%A8" title="યૂક્રેઇન - gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="યૂક્રેઇન" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guw mw-list-item"><a href="https://guw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Gun" lang="guw" hreflang="guw" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Gungbe" data-language-local-name="Gun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gungbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Ookraan" title="Yn Ookraan - manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Ookraan" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraniya" title="Ukraniya - haussa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Ukraniya" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="haussa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - xinès hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="xinès hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BBUkelena" title="ʻUkelena - hawaià" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="ʻUkelena" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="hawaià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%94" title="אוקראינה - ebrèu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אוקראינה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebrèu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="युक्रेन - Indi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="युक्रेन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Indi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - hindi de Fiji" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindi de Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articles de qualitat"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrajina" title="Ukrajina - croat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ukrajina" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - naut sorab" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="naut sorab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikr%C3%A8n" title="Ikrèn - crioll d’Haití" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Ikrèn" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="crioll d’Haití" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrajna" title="Ukrajna - ongrés" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ukrajna" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ongrés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%88%D6%82%D5%AF%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A1" title="Ուկրաինա - armèni" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ուկրաինա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armèni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%88%D6%82%D6%84%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Ուքրանիա - arménien occidental" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Ուքրանիա" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="arménien occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucraina" title="Ucraina - interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Ucraina" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yukrain" title="Yukrain - igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Yukrain" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yukrain" title="Yukrain - inupiak" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Yukrain" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="inupiak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrania" title="Ukrania - ilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Ukrania" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - ingúix" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingúix" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Akra%C3%ADna" title="Úkraína - islandés" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Úkraína" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucraina" title="Ucraina - italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ucraina" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%94%AA%E1%91%AF%E1%95%8B%E1%90%83%E1%93%90" title="ᔪᑯᕋᐃᓐ - inuktitut" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᔪᑯᕋᐃᓐ" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="inuktitut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%8A" title="ウクライナ - japonés" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウクライナ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuukrien" title="Yuukrien - crioll anglès de Jamaica" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Yuukrien" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="crioll anglès de Jamaica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/vurgu%27e" title="vurgu'e - lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="vurgu'e" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - javanés" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A3%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="უკრაინა - georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="უკრაინა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - karakalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrayin" title="Ukrayin - cabil" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Ukrayin" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="cabil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8D" title="Украинэ - kabardí" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Украинэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="kabardí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukur%C9%9Bn%C9%A9" title="Ukurɛnɩ - Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Ukurɛnɩ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuki%CC%B1ren" title="Yuki̱ren - tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Yuki̱ren" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uklenyi" title="Uklenyi - kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Uklenyi" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - kikuiu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="kikuiu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - cazac" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="cazac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A2%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%82%E1%9E%93" title="អ៊ុយក្រែន - cambojian" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="អ៊ុយក្រែន" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="cambojian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಯುಕ್ರೇನ್ - kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಯುಕ್ರೇನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9A%B0%ED%81%AC%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EB%82%98" title="우크라이나 - corean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="우크라이나" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="corean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - komi-permiac" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="komi-permiac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - karatxai-balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="karatxai-balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%97%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%96%D9%86" title="یوٗکریٖن - cashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="یوٗکریٖن" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="cashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Bkrayna" title="Ûkrayna - curd" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Ûkrayna" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="curd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrayn" title="Ukrayn - cornic" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Ukrayn" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="cornic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - kirguís" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirguís" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articles de qualitat"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucraina" title="Ucraina - latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ucraina" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - ladin" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrain" title="Ukrain - luxemborgés" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Ukrain" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemborgés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - lesguià" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lesguià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucraina" title="Ucraina - lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Ucraina" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oekra%C3%AFne" title="Oekraïne - limburguès" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Oekraïne" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucrainn-a" title="Ucrainn-a - lígur" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Ucrainn-a" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="lígur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucraina" title="Ucraina - Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Ucraina" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucraina" title="Ucraina - llombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Ucraina" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="llombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%B9%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A3%E0%BA%99" title="ປະເທດອູແກຣນ - laosian" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ປະເທດອູແກຣນ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laosian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - lituan" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - latgalien" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="latgalien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - leton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="leton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - madurès" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="madurès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="युक्रेन - maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="युक्रेन" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - mordovià moksa" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="mordovià moksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okraina" title="Okraina - malgash" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Okraina" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%AAkareinga" title="Ūkareinga - maòri" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Ūkareinga" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maòri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%89%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%88%E0%B5%BB" title="ഉക്രൈൻ - malaiàlam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഉക്രൈൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malaiàlam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Украин - mongòl" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Украин" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongòl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A8%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯌꯨꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ - manipurí" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯌꯨꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipurí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="युक्रेन - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="युक्रेन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - mari occidental" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="mari occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrajna" title="Ukrajna - maltés" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Ukrajna" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oucr%C3%A1nia" title="Oucránia - mirandés" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Oucránia" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9A%E1%80%B0%E1%80%80%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="ယူကရိန်းနိုင်ငံ - birman" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ယူကရိန်းနိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - mordovià erza" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="mordovià erza" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86" title="اکراین - mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="اکراین" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucraina" title="Ucraina - napolità" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Ucraina" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="napolità" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - baix alemany" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="baix alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oekra%C3%AFne" title="Oekraïne - baix saxó" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Oekraïne" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="baix saxó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="युक्रेन - nepalés" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="युक्रेन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="युक्रेन - newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="युक्रेन" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oekra%C3%AFne" title="Oekraïne - neerlandés" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Oekraïne" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - norvegian nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegian nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - norvegian bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegian bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%8E%DF%9E%DF%99%DF%8D%DF%A3%DF%8C%DF%B2%DF%AB" title="ߎߞߙߍߣߌ߲߫ - n’Ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߎߞߙߍߣߌ߲߫" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="n’Ko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukra%C3%AEne" title="Ukraîne - Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Ukraîne" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dz%C3%ADtso_Hatsohnii_Bik%C3%A9yah" title="Dzítso Hatsohnii Bikéyah - navaho" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Dzítso Hatsohnii Bikéyah" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="navaho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainu" title="Ukrainu - Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Ukrainu" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuukireen" title="Yuukireen - oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Yuukireen" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AD%9F%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%A8" title="ୟୁକ୍ରେନ - oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ୟୁକ୍ରେନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="oriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%C3%A6" title="Украинæ - osseta" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Украинæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osseta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AF%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A8" title="ਯੂਕਰੇਨ - punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਯੂਕਰੇਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraniya" title="Ukraniya - pangasinan" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Ukraniya" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="pangasinan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukranya" title="Ukranya - pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Ukranya" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrania" title="Ukrania - papiament" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Ukrania" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiament" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oucrinne" title="Oucrinne - picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Oucrinne" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcm mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yukrain" title="Yukrain - pidgin de Nigèria" lang="pcm" hreflang="pcm" data-title="Yukrain" data-language-autonym="Naijá" data-language-local-name="pidgin de Nigèria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Naijá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - alemany pennsilvanià" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="alemany pennsilvanià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - alemany palatí" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="alemany palatí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - polonés" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucrain-a" title="Ucrain-a - piemontès" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Ucrain-a" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="یوکرین - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="یوکرین" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CF%85%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Ουκρανία - pòntic" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Ουκρανία" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="pòntic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86" title="اوکراین - pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="اوکراین" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucr%C3%A2nia" title="Ucrânia - portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ucrânia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pwn mw-list-item"><a href="https://pwn.wikipedia.org/wiki/ukelan" title="ukelan - Paiwan" lang="pwn" hreflang="pwn" data-title="ukelan" data-language-autonym="Pinayuanan" data-language-local-name="Paiwan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pinayuanan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrayina" title="Ukrayina - quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Ukrayina" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucraina" title="Ucraina - romanch" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Ucraina" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="romanch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrayna" title="Ukrayna - Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Ukrayna" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucraina" title="Ucraina - romanés" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ucraina" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucraina" title="Ucraina - aromanès" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Ucraina" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="aromanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucraine" title="Ucraine - Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Ucraine" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Україна - ruthène" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Україна" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruthène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikerene" title="Ikerene - ruandès" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Ikerene" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="ruandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B8%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украйиина - iacut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Украйиина" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="iacut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A3%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%B1" title="ᱤᱣᱠᱨᱮᱱ - santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱤᱣᱠᱨᱮᱱ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucraina" title="Ucraina - sard" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Ucraina" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucraina" title="Ucraina - sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Ucraina" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - escossés" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="escossés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%88%DA%AA%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86" title="يوڪرين - sindi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="يوڪرين" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - sami septentrional" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="sami septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrajina" title="Ukrajina - serbocroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ukrajina" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukranya" title="Ukranya - taixelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Ukranya" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="taixelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%80%B0%E1%82%87%E1%81%B6%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B5%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="မိူင်းယူႇၶရဵၼ်း - xan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းယူႇၶရဵၼ်း" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="xan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%9A%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BA" title="යුක්‍රේනය - singalès" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="යුක්‍රේනය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrajina" title="Ukrajina - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ukrajina" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrajina" title="Ukrajina - eslovèn" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ukrajina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="eslovèn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iukureini" title="Iukureini - samoan" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Iukureini" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="samoan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - sami d’Inari" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="sami d’Inari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vukireni" title="Vukireni - shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Vukireni" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yukrayn" title="Yukrayn - somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Yukrayn" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - albanés" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украјина - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Украјина" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainakondre" title="Ukrainakondre - sranan" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Ukrainakondre" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="sranan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/IYukhureni" title="IYukhureni - swazi" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="IYukhureni" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="swazi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - soto del sud" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="soto del sud" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - saterlandais" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="saterlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - sondanès" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sondanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - suedés" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraini" title="Ukraini - swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ukraini" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrajina" title="Ukrajina - silesià" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Ukrajina" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="silesià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="உக்ரைன் - tamol" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உக்ரைன்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%89%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="ఉక్రెయిన్ - telogó" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఉక్రెయిన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telogó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukr%C3%A1nia" title="Ukránia - tètum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Ukránia" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="tètum" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Укроин - tajic" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Укроин" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tajic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%99" title="ประเทศยูเครน - tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศยูเครน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%A9%E1%8A%AD%E1%88%AC%E1%8A%95" title="ዩክሬን - tigrinya" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ዩክሬን" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="tigrinya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - turcmèn" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turcmèn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukranya" title="Ukranya - tagal" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ukranya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrajn%C9%99" title="Ukrajnə - talix" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Ukrajnə" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="talix" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BB%C5%AAkala%CA%BBine" title="ʻŪkalaʻine - tongalès" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="ʻŪkalaʻine" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="tongalès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yukren" title="Yukren - tok pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Yukren" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="tok pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrayna" title="Ukrayna - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ukrayna" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - tuvinià" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuvinià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%87%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%89%D9%86%D8%A7" title="ئۇكرائىنا - oigor" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئۇكرائىنا" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="oigor" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Україна - ucrainés" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Україна" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucrainés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="یوکرین - ordó" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="یوکرین" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ordó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - ozbèc" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ozbèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ve mw-list-item"><a href="https://ve.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - venda" lang="ve" hreflang="ve" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Tshivenda" data-language-local-name="venda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tshivenda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucr%C3%A0ina" title="Ucràina - vènet" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Ucràina" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="vènet" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrain" title="Ukrain - vepse" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Ukrain" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - vietnamian" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oekra%C3%AFne" title="Oekraïne - flamenc occidental" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Oekraïne" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="flamenc occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lukray%C3%A4n" title="Lukrayän - volapuc" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Lukrayän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapuc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oucrinne" title="Oucrinne - való" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Oucrinne" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="való" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukranya" title="Ukranya - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ukranya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukreen" title="Ukreen - wòlof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Ukreen" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="wòlof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0" title="乌克兰 - xinès wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="乌克兰" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="xinès wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/IYukreyini" title="IYukreyini - xhòsa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="IYukreyini" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="xhòsa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A3%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="უკრაინა - mingrelià" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="უკრაინა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%A2" title="אוקראינע - yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אוקראינע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yukr%C3%A9%C3%ACn" title="Yukréìn - yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Yukréìn" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vuhgwzlanz" title="Vuhgwzlanz - zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Vuhgwzlanz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oekra%C3%AFne" title="Oekraïne - zelandès" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Oekraïne" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="zelandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%93%E2%B4%BD%E2%B5%94%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%A2%E2%B4%B0" title="ⵓⴽⵔⴰⵏⵢⴰ - amazic estàndard marroquí" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵓⴽⵔⴰⵏⵢⴰ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="amazic estàndard marroquí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0" title="乌克兰 - chinés" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="乌克兰" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E5%85%8B%E8%98%AD" title="烏克蘭 - xinès clàssic" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="烏克蘭" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="xinès clàssic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - xinès min del sud" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="xinès min del sud" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E5%85%8B%E8%98%AD" title="烏克蘭 - cantonés" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="烏克蘭" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IYukreyini" title="IYukreyini - zólo" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IYukreyini" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zólo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q212#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modificar los ligams interlenga" class="wbc-editpage">Modificar los ligams</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espacis de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ucra%C3%AFna" title="Veire l’article [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discutir:Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discussion a prepaus d'aquesta pagina (la pagina existís pas) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Canvia la variant de llengua" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">occitan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Afichatges"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ucra%C3%AFna"><span>Legir</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit" title="Modificar aquela pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modificar</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit" title="Modificar lo còdi font d'aquela pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=history" title="Los autors e versions precedentas d'aquesta pagina. 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vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aparença</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mòu a la barra laterala</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">Escondre</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipèdia, l'enciclopèdia liura.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="oc" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2444490">.mw-parser-output .infobox{background:#f9f9f9;color:#000;font-size:90%;line-height:1.6em;float:right;clear:right;margin:.5em 0 .5em 1em;width:23.7em;border:1px solid #c2c2c1;border-spacing:5px}.mw-parser-output .infobox td,.mw-parser-output .infobox th{vertical-align:super;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .infobox caption{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered{border-collapse:collapse}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered th{border:1px solid #c2c2c1}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .borderless td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .borderless th{border:0}@media only screen and (max-width:600px){.mw-parser-output .infobox{border:1px solid #e7e7e7}}.mw-parser-output .infobox-showbutton button,.mw-parser-output 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.mergedbottomrow,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geografia .mergedbottomrow{border-top:0;border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geografia .maptable td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geografia .maptable th{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-geografia-text{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-geografia-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-geografia-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2444490"> <table class="infobox infobox geografia vcard" style="border-spacing:3.8px;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold;">Ucraïna</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;">Україна (uk)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"> <div style="display:grid; grid-template-columns:auto 50%; align-items:center; text-align:center;"> <div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Flag_of_Ukraine.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/120px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/180px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/240px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg/75px-Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg/113px-Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg/150px-Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="461" /></a></span> </div> <div><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q127974" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q127974">Bandièra</a></div> <div><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q199433" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q199433">Escut d'armas</a></div></div> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Imne_nacional" title="Imne nacional">Imne</a>: Ще не вмерла Україна <br /><a href="/wiki/Transcripcion_dels_alfabets_arabi,_cirillic_e_gr%C3%A8c_en_occitan" class="mw-redirect" title="Transcripcion dels alfabets arabi, cirillic e grèc en occitan">transcrit:</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Imne_d%27Ucra%C3%AFna" title="Imne d'Ucraïna">Sxe ne vmerla Ukraïna</a></i> <br />(<i>La glòria d'Ucraïna es pas mòrta</i>)<br /> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="140" style="width:140px;" data-durationhint="80" data-mwtitle="National_anthem_of_Ukraine,_instrumental.oga" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6d/National_anthem_of_Ukraine%2C_instrumental.oga/National_anthem_of_Ukraine%2C_instrumental.oga.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/National_anthem_of_Ukraine%2C_instrumental.oga" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Ukraine%2C_instrumental.oga&lang=ar&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ar" label="العربية ‪(ar)‬" data-dir="rtl" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Ukraine%2C_instrumental.oga&lang=be-tarask&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="be-tarask" label="беларуская (тарашкевіца) ‪(be-tarask)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Ukraine%2C_instrumental.oga&lang=da&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="da" label="dansk ‪(da)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Ukraine%2C_instrumental.oga&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Ukraine%2C_instrumental.oga&lang=eo&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="eo" label="Esperanto ‪(eo)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Ukraine%2C_instrumental.oga&lang=es&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="es" label="español ‪(es)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Ukraine%2C_instrumental.oga&lang=he&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="he" label="עברית ‪(he)‬" data-dir="rtl" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Ukraine%2C_instrumental.oga&lang=id&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="id" label="Bahasa Indonesia ‪(id)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Ukraine%2C_instrumental.oga&lang=ko&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ko" label="한국어 ‪(ko)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Ukraine%2C_instrumental.oga&lang=ms&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ms" label="Bahasa Melayu ‪(ms)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Ukraine%2C_instrumental.oga&lang=pl&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="pl" label="polski ‪(pl)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Ukraine%2C_instrumental.oga&lang=pt&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="pt" label="português ‪(pt)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Ukraine%2C_instrumental.oga&lang=ro&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ro" label="română ‪(ro)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Ukraine%2C_instrumental.oga&lang=ru&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ru" label="русский ‪(ru)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Ukraine%2C_instrumental.oga&lang=sk&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sk" label="slovenčina ‪(sk)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Ukraine%2C_instrumental.oga&lang=sr-ec&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sr-Cyrl" label="српски (ћирилица) ‪(sr-ec)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Ukraine%2C_instrumental.oga&lang=tl&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="tl" label="Tagalog ‪(tl)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Ukraine%2C_instrumental.oga&lang=uk&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="uk" label="українська ‪(uk)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Ukraine%2C_instrumental.oga&lang=vi&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="vi" label="Tiếng Việt ‪(vi)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Ukraine%2C_instrumental.oga&lang=zh-cn&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hans-CN" label="中文（中国大陆） ‪(zh-cn)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Ukraine%2C_instrumental.oga&lang=zh-hans&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hans" label="中文（简体） ‪(zh-hans)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Ukraine%2C_instrumental.oga&lang=zh-hk&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hant-HK" label="中文（香港） ‪(zh-hk)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Ukraine%2C_instrumental.oga&lang=zh-sg&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hans-SG" label="中文（新加坡） ‪(zh-sg)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Ukraine%2C_instrumental.oga&lang=zh-tw&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hant-TW" label="中文（臺灣） ‪(zh-tw)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Ukraine%2C_instrumental.oga&lang=zh&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh" label="中文 ‪(zh)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Europe-Ukraine.svg/270px-Europe-Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="270" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Europe-Ukraine.svg/405px-Europe-Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Europe-Ukraine.svg/540px-Europe-Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2045" data-file-height="1720" /></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold">Capitala<div class="ib-geografia-text">e ciutat mai granda</div></div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right"><a href="/wiki/Kyiv" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a><br /><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion" title="Mapas, vistas aerianas, etc."><a class="external text" href="http://tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?language=oc&pagename=Ucra%C3%AFna&params=49_N_32_E_"><span class="h-geo geo-dms"><data class="p-latitude" value="49">49° N</data>, <data class="p-longitude" value="32">32° E</data></span></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Lenga_oficiala" title="Lenga oficiala">Lengas oficialas</a></div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right"><a href="/wiki/Ucra%C3%AFnian" title="Ucraïnian">ucraïnian</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold">Forma de govèrn</div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right"><a href="/wiki/Democracia" title="Democracia">Democracia parlamentària</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left; border: transparent; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccd2d9; padding:1px 10px 3px 10px;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold"><div class="ib-geografia-text"><a href="/wiki/Lista_dels_presidents_d%27Ucra%C3%AFna" title="Lista dels presidents d'Ucraïna">President</a><br /><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_dels_Primi%C3%A8rs_Ministres_d%27Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lista dels Primièrs Ministres d'Ucraïna (la pagina existís pas)">Primièr Ministre</a></div></div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right"><a href="/wiki/Volod%C3%ADmir_Zelenski" title="Volodímir Zelenski">Volodímir Zelenski</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denys_Chmyhal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Denys Chmyhal (la pagina existís pas)">Denys Chmyhal</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="{{{classa14}}}" style="text-align:center; text-align:left;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Independ%C3%A9ncia" title="Independéncia">Independéncia</a></div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right">(de l'<a href="/wiki/Union_Sovietica" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Sovietica">Union Sovietica</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left; border: transparent; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccd2d9; padding:1px 10px 3px 10px;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold"><div class="ib-geografia-text">Data</div></div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right"><a href="/wiki/24_d%27agost" title="24 d'agost">24 d'agost</a> de <a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left; border: transparent; padding:1px 10px 3px 10px;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold"><div class="ib-geografia-text">• Totala </div></div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right">603 549 <abbr title="quilometre(s) carrat(s)">km²</abbr></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left; border: transparent; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccd2d9; padding:1px 10px 3px 10px;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold"><div class="ib-geografia-text">• Aiga </div></div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right"><span class="nowrap">7</span> %</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Populacion" title="Populacion">Populacion</a></div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right"><a href="/wiki/Lista_dels_pa%C3%AFses_per_populacion" title="Lista dels païses per populacion">31<sup>en</sup></a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left; border: transparent; padding:1px 10px 3px 10px;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold"><div class="ib-geografia-text">• Totala (2014)</div></div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right">45 426 200 ab.</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left; border: transparent; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccd2d9; padding:1px 10px 3px 10px;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold"><div class="ib-geografia-text">• <a href="/wiki/Densitat_de_populacion" title="Densitat de populacion">Densitat</a></div></div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right">75 ab./<abbr title="quilometre(s) carrat(s)">km²</abbr></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold"><div class="ib-geografia-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Produch_interior_brut" title="Produch interior brut">PIB</a></b> (2016)</div></div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right">93.2 miliard <a href="/wiki/USD" class="mw-redirect" title="USD">USD</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold"><div class="ib-geografia-text"><b><a href="/wiki/Indici_de_desvolopament_uman" title="Indici de desvolopament uman">IDH</a></b> (2016)</div></div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right"><span style="color:#FF0000; font-size:11pt">▼</span> 0,743</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Moneda" title="Moneda">Moneda</a></div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right">(<code>UAH</code>)</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Lista_dels_indicatius_telefonics_internacionals_per_pa%C3%ADs" title="Lista dels indicatius telefonics internacionals per país">Indicatiu telefonic</a></div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right">380</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166</a></div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right">UA</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Fus_orari" title="Fus orari">Fus orari</a></div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right">+ 2 : (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_European_Time&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eastern European Time (la pagina existís pas)">EET</a>) ; ora d'estiu : <a href="/w/index.php?title=Temps_universal_coordonat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Temps universal coordonat (la pagina existís pas)">UTC</a> + 3 : (<a href="/w/index.php?title=EEST&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EEST (la pagina existís pas)">EEST</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; text-align:left;"><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:left; align:left; font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Domeni_de_primi%C3%A8r_niv%C3%A8l" title="Domeni de primièr nivèl">Domeni internet</a></div><div style="width:50%; display:block; float:right; align:right"><a href="/wiki/.ua" title=".ua">.ua</a></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navigation-only" colspan="2" style="border-top: 2px #AAAAAA solid; font-size: 80%; background:inherit; text-align: right;"><span class="plainlinks" style="float:left;"><a class="external text" href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=0"><span style="color:#555;">modificar</span></a></span> <span title="Consultatz la documentacion del modèl"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8l:Infodoc" title="Consultatz la documentacion del modèl"><img alt="Consultatz la documentacion del modèl" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></span></td> </tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Ucraïna</b> (<small></small><a href="/wiki/Ajuda:AFI" title="Ajuda:AFI"><span style="border-bottom: 1px #000000 dotted;">/ykɾaˈinɑ, ykɾaˈina/</span></a>; en <a href="/wiki/Ucra%C3%AFnian" title="Ucraïnian">ucraïnian</a>: Украї́на, <i>Ukraïna</i>, <small>prononciat </small><span title="Prononciacion en AFI" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Ajuda:AFI" title="Ajuda:AFI">[ʊkrɐˈjinɐ]</a></span>) es un país d'<a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa_Orientala" title="Euròpa Orientala">Euròpa Orientala</a>, segond estat d'Euròpa en tèrme de superficia e lo primièr entièrament europèu. Confronta <a href="/wiki/Mold%C3%A0via_(estat)" title="Moldàvia (estat)">Moldàvia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ongria" title="Ongria">Ongria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eslovaquia" title="Eslovaquia">Eslovaquia</a> e <a href="/wiki/Polonha" title="Polonha">Polonha</a> a l'oèst, <a href="/wiki/Bielorussia" title="Bielorussia">Bielorussia</a> au nòrd e <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> a l'èst. Es limitada per la <a href="/wiki/Mar_Negra" title="Mar Negra">mar Negra</a> e la <a href="/wiki/Mar_d%27Azov" title="Mar d'Azov">mar d'Azov</a> au sud. Sa capitala n'es <a href="/wiki/Kyiiv" title="Kyiiv">Kyiiv</a> (<small>en ucrainés: </small><span title="Prononciacion en AFI" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Ajuda:AFI" title="Ajuda:AFI">[kɪjiw]</a></span>). Lo gentilici es <b>ucraïnian -a</b> (o <b>ucraïnés -esa</b>). </p><p>Las originas de la cultura ucrainiana remontan a l'estat medieval de la <a href="/wiki/Rus%27_de_Kyiv" title="Rus' de Kyiv">Rus' de Kyiiv</a>. Après la casuda d'aqueste après las invasions mongòlas del sègle XIII, lo territòri faguèt l’objècte de particions e se vejèt revendicat per mai d'una poissenças estrangièras coma la Republica de las Doas Nacions e l'<a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Otoman" title="Empèri Otoman">Empèri Otoman</a>. L'Etmanat cosac independant existiguèt entre los sègles XVII e XVIII, abans d’integrar l'Empèri rus. </p><p>Pendent la <a href="/wiki/Revolucion_Russa" title="Revolucion Russa">Revolucion Russa</a>, la Republica Populara Ucrainiana coneguèt brèvament l'independéncia amb reconneissença internacionala, mas acabèt per venir la republica socialista sovietica d'Ucraïna de l'<a href="/wiki/URSS" class="mw-redirect" title="URSS">Union Sovietica</a>, dins las annadas 1920 a la seguida de la guèrra civila russa. Ucraïna venguèt tornarmai independenta en 1991, après la casuda de l'<a href="/wiki/URSS" class="mw-redirect" title="URSS">URSS</a>. A la seguida de la revolucion de 2014, Crimèa foguèt annexada per Russia e una guèrra civila espetèt dins l'èst del país, amb los separatistas prorusses. Lo 24 de febrièr de 2022, Ucraïna foguèt envasida per las fòrças armadas russas sus òrdre de <a href="/wiki/Vlad%C3%ADmir_P%C3%B3tin" title="Vladímir Pótin">Vladímir Pótin</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geografia">Geografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modificar la seccion : Geografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=1" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Geografia"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geografia_fisica">Geografia fisica</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modificar la seccion : Geografia fisica" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=2" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Geografia fisica"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Ukraine_topo_en.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Ukraine_topo_en.jpg/220px-Ukraine_topo_en.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Ukraine_topo_en.jpg/330px-Ukraine_topo_en.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Ukraine_topo_en.jpg/440px-Ukraine_topo_en.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="954" /></a><figcaption>Mapa del relèu d'Ucraïna.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:HistRegUkr.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/HistRegUkr.jpg/220px-HistRegUkr.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/HistRegUkr.jpg/330px-HistRegUkr.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/HistRegUkr.jpg/440px-HistRegUkr.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="503" /></a><figcaption>Regions istoricas de l'Ucraïna actuala.</figcaption></figure> <p>Ucraïna es un país de l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eur%C3%B2pa_de_l%27%C3%88st&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Euròpa de l'Èst (la pagina existís pas)">Euròpa de l'Èst</a>. Parteja sas frontièras terrèstras amb set païses limitròfs : a l'oèst <a href="/wiki/Polonha" title="Polonha">Polonha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eslovaquia" title="Eslovaquia">Eslovaquia</a> e <a href="/wiki/Ongria" title="Ongria">Ongria</a> ; al sud-oèst <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> e <a href="/wiki/Mold%C3%A0via" class="mw-disambig" title="Moldàvia">Moldàvia</a> ; a l'èst e al nòrd-èst <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> ; al nòrd <a href="/wiki/Bielorussia" title="Bielorussia">Bielorussia</a>. Lo país mesura <span class="nowrap">1 316 km</span> d'èst en oèst e <span class="nowrap">893 km</span> del nòrd al sud, per una superfícia totala de <span class="nowrap">603 550 km<sup>2</sup></span>, o <span class="nowrap">576 450 km<sup>2</sup></span> sens comptar la superfícia de <a href="/wiki/Crim%C3%A8a" title="Crimèa">Crimèa</a>. </p><p>Levat lo vast <a href="/w/index.php?title=Plan_de_Podolia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plan de Podolia (la pagina existís pas)">plan de Podolia</a> (altitud <span class="nowrap">472 m</span>) qu'ocupa l'oèst del país, es un país relativament plan, amb las tèrras fertilas del bacin de Dniepr en son centre, çò que que li permet d'aver una agricultura productiva. Las montanhas ucraïnianas son mai que mai constituïdas des contrafòrts dels relèus d'Euròpa centrala e mediterranèa : </p> <ul><li>los <a href="/wiki/Carpats" title="Carpats">Carpats</a>, a l'oèst-sud-oèst, amb lo <a href="/wiki/Hoverla" title="Hoverla">mont Hoverla</a> que culmina a <span class="nowrap">2 061 m</span> <span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion" title="Mapas, vistas aerianas, etc."><a class="external text" href="http://tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?language=oc&pagename=Ucra%C3%AFna&params=48.17_N_24.57_E_type:mountain"><span class="h-geo geo-dms"><data class="p-latitude" value="48.17">48° 10′ 12″ N</data>, <data class="p-longitude" value="24.57">24° 34′ 12″ E</data></span></a></span>, çò que ne fa lo suc pus naut de la division dels « <a href="/wiki/Carpats#Topografia" title="Carpats">Carpats occidentals exteriors</a> » ;</li> <li>le massís de Crimèa, culminant al mont <a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman-Koch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roman-Koch (la pagina existís pas)">Roman-Koch</a> a <span class="nowrap">1 545 m</span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, al ras de la <a href="/wiki/Mar_Negra" title="Mar Negra">mar Negra</a>.</li></ul> <p>Ucraïna beneficia tanben d'una ret fluviala estenduda, compausada principalament per <a href="/wiki/Dni%C3%A8pre" title="Dnièpre">Dnièpre</a> (<i>Dnipro</i>), <a href="/wiki/Dni%C3%A8stre" title="Dnièstre">Dnièstre</a> (<i>Dnister</i>), lo <a href="/wiki/Bog_(riu)" title="Bog (riu)">Bog occidental</a>, lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bog_meridional&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bog meridional (la pagina existís pas)">Bog meridional</a> e <a href="/wiki/Donets" title="Donets">Donets</a> a l'èst. <a href="/wiki/Danubi" title="Danubi">Danubi</a> (Dounay) marca la frontièra a l'extrèm sud-oèst entre Ucraïna e Romania. </p><p>Al sud, Ucraïna se dobrís sus la <a href="/wiki/Mar_Negra" title="Mar Negra">mar Negra</a>, bordada de nombroses « <a href="/wiki/Liman" title="Liman">limans</a> », e ont s'avança la peninsula de Crimèa. </p><p>Lo clima de la màger part d'Ucraïna es continental amb d'ivèrns freds e d'estius cauds ; lo clima es pas mediterranèu que per la còsta sud de Crimèa. Las temperaturas mejanas a <a href="/wiki/Kharkiv" title="Kharkiv">Kharkiv</a> en Ucraïna orientala son d'aperaquí <span class="nowrap">−7 °C</span> en genièr e <span class="nowrap">20 °C</span> en julhet. Las precipitacions van d'aperaquí <span class="nowrap">750 mm</span> l'an dins lo nòrd a aperaquí <span class="nowrap">250 mm</span> dins lo sud. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geografia_politica">Geografia politica</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modificar la seccion : Geografia politica" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=3" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Geografia politica"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:UkraineNumbered.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/UkraineNumbered.png/220px-UkraineNumbered.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/UkraineNumbered.png 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="218" /></a><figcaption>Ucraïna descopada en 24 <a href="/wiki/Oblast" class="mw-redirect" title="Oblast">oblasts</a> (1-3, 5-25) e una republica autonoma (4).</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Poshtova_Square_2006,_Kyiv.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Poshtova_Square_2006%2C_Kyiv.jpg/220px-Poshtova_Square_2006%2C_Kyiv.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Poshtova_Square_2006%2C_Kyiv.jpg/330px-Poshtova_Square_2006%2C_Kyiv.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Poshtova_Square_2006%2C_Kyiv.jpg/440px-Poshtova_Square_2006%2C_Kyiv.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kyiv" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyiv">Kyiiv</a>, capitala e vila mai granda vila d'Ucraïna.</figcaption></figure> <p>Ucraïna es devesida en 24 regions administrativas o <i>oblasti</i> (singular : <i><a href="/wiki/%C3%93blast" title="Óblast">óblast</a></i>) e una municipalitat (<i>misto</i>) amb un estatut juridic particular, <a href="/wiki/Kyiv" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyiv">Kyiiv</a> . En mai, Ucraïna revendica l'integralitat de <a href="/wiki/Crim%C3%A8a" title="Crimèa">Crimèa</a>, es a dire la vila d'estatut particular de <a href="/wiki/Sebast%C3%B2ple" title="Sebastòple">Sebastòple</a> e la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Republica_auton%C3%B2ma_de_Crim%C3%A8a&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Republica autonòma de Crimèa (la pagina existís pas)">Republica autonòma de Crimèa</a>, que son estadas annexats en 2014 per Russia e constituisson per ara lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Districte_federal_de_Crim%C3%A8a&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Districte federal de Crimèa (la pagina existís pas)">Districte federal de Crimèa</a> de la <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Federacion de Russia</a>. Cada óblast es devesit en mantun <a href="/wiki/Rai%C3%B2n" title="Raiòn">raiòns</a> e cada raion en mantuna <i><a href="/wiki/Hromada" title="Hromada">hromadas</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Clima">Clima</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modificar la seccion : Clima" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=4" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Clima"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Ucra%C3%AFna_-_Clima.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Ucra%C3%AFna_-_Clima.png/220px-Ucra%C3%AFna_-_Clima.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Ucra%C3%AFna_-_Clima.png/330px-Ucra%C3%AFna_-_Clima.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Ucra%C3%AFna_-_Clima.png/440px-Ucra%C3%AFna_-_Clima.png 2x" data-file-width="1349" data-file-height="685" /></a><figcaption>Clima d'Ucraïna segon la classificacion de Köppen</figcaption></figure> <p>Lo clima ucraïnian es mai que mai <a href="/wiki/Clima_continentau" title="Clima continentau">continentau</a> amb d'ivèrns fregs, d'estius cauds e de <a href="/wiki/Precipitacion_(meteorologia)" title="Precipitacion (meteorologia)">precipitacions</a> regularas. La temperatura mejana es pus febla au nòrd e aumenta vèrs lo sud. Lei <a href="/wiki/Precipitacion_(meteorologia)" title="Precipitacion (meteorologia)">precipitacions</a> seguisson una evolucion opausada (750 mm anuaus dins lo nòrd, 250 mm dins lo sud). Lo clima dei ribas de la <a href="/wiki/Mar_Negra" title="Mar Negra">Mar Negra</a> es influenciat per la <a href="/wiki/Mar" title="Mar">mar</a> e es classat coma subtropicau umid. Sei caracteristicas son similaras au <a href="/wiki/Clima_mediterran%C3%A8u" title="Clima mediterranèu">clima mediterranèu</a> mai de precipitacions son enregistradas tota l'annada. Dins lei <a href="/wiki/Carpats" title="Carpats">Carpats</a>, lo clima es dictat per l'<a href="/wiki/Altitud" title="Altitud">altitud</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Istòria"><span id="Ist.C3.B2ria"></span>Istòria</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modificar la seccion : Istòria" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=5" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Istòria"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Preïstòria_e_Antiquitat"><span id="Pre.C3.AFst.C3.B2ria_e_Antiquitat"></span>Preïstòria e Antiquitat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modificar la seccion : Preïstòria e Antiquitat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=6" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Preïstòria e Antiquitat"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lo premier pòble conegut vivent dins la region foguèron lei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pelasges&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pelasges (la pagina existís pas)">Pelasges</a>, pòble largament desconegut qu'ocupava la màger part dei <a href="/wiki/Balcans" title="Balcans">Balcans</a> a la fin de la <a href="/wiki/Pre%C3%AFst%C3%B2ria" title="Preïstòria">Preïstòria</a>. Dins lo corrent dau milleni III av. JC, arribèron de populacions <a href="/wiki/Indoeurop%C3%A8u" title="Indoeuropèu">indoeuropèas</a> de <a href="/wiki/Lenga" title="Lenga">lenga</a> <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">iraniana</a> septentrionala (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Cimmeris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cimmeris (la pagina existís pas)">Cimmeris</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Escites&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Escites (la pagina existís pas)">Escites</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarmatas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarmatas (la pagina existís pas)">Sarmatas</a>). Intrèron en contacte amb lei <a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A8cia_antica" title="Grècia antica">Grècs</a> en <a href="/wiki/Crim%C3%A8a" title="Crimèa">Crimèa</a> e s'ellenizèron lòng dau <a href="/wiki/Litorau" title="Litorau">litorau</a> de la <a href="/wiki/Mar_Negra" title="Mar Negra">Mar Negra</a>. En particular, au sègle III av. JC, se formèt un estat escite ellenizat dich <a href="/w/index.php?title=Reiaume_dau_B%C3%B2sfor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reiaume dau Bòsfor (la pagina existís pas)">Reiaume dau Bòsfor</a> amb <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kertch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kertch (la pagina existís pas)">Kertch</a> coma <a href="/wiki/Capitala" title="Capitala">capitala</a>. Dos sègles pus tard, intrèt dins l'esfèra d'influéncia de l'<a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Roman" class="mw-redirect" title="Empèri Roman">Empèri Roman</a> e ne'n venguèt un protegit. </p><p>A partir dau sègle III ap. JC, de <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B2ts" title="Gòts">Gòts</a> e d'autrei <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ris_nomadas" title="Empèris nomadas">pòbles nomadas</a> <a href="/wiki/Eurasia" title="Eurasia">eurasiatics</a> migrèron en Ucraïna (e pus largament en <a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa" title="Euròpa">Euròpa</a> Orientala). Seis apòrts culturaus e tecnologics (rites funeraris, artesanat... etc.) foguèron a l'origina de la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cultura_de_Chernyakhov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cultura de Chernyakhov (la pagina existís pas)">cultura de Chernyakhov</a> que dominèt la region fins au sègle V. Entre aquelei pòbles, leis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antes (la pagina existís pas)">Antes</a> presentan un interès particular car semblan presentar una cultura proto-eslava. Ansin, son benlèu a l'origina dei populacions eslavas que s'installèron pauc a pauc sus lo territòri de l'Ucraïna actuala a partir dau sègle VI. Dins aquò, la region demorèt un luòc de passatge ò de còps d'installacion per lei <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ris_nomadas" title="Empèris nomadas">pòbles nomadas</a> que venguèron en <a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa" title="Euròpa">Euròpa</a> fins au sègle XIII (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Huns&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Huns (la pagina existís pas)">Huns</a>, <a href="/wiki/Avars" class="mw-redirect" title="Avars">Avars</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Khazars&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khazars (la pagina existís pas)">Khazars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ongria" title="Ongria">Magiars</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Petchenegues&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petchenegues (la pagina existís pas)">Petchenegues</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tatars" title="Tatars">Tatars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Mong%C3%B2l" title="Empèri Mongòl">Mongòls</a>... etc.). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dau_Rus'_de_Kyiiv_a_la_conquista_russa"><span id="Dau_Rus.27_de_Kyiiv_a_la_conquista_russa"></span>Dau Rus' de Kyiiv a la conquista russa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modificar la seccion : Dau Rus' de Kyiiv a la conquista russa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=7" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Dau Rus' de Kyiiv a la conquista russa"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lo_Rus'_de_Kyiiv"><span id="Lo_Rus.27_de_Kyiiv"></span>Lo Rus' de Kyiiv</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modificar la seccion : Lo Rus' de Kyiiv" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=8" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lo Rus' de Kyiiv"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Rus%27_de_Kiev_-_Peri%C3%B2de_1054-1132.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Rus%27_de_Kiev_-_Peri%C3%B2de_1054-1132.png/220px-Rus%27_de_Kiev_-_Peri%C3%B2de_1054-1132.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="345" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Rus%27_de_Kiev_-_Peri%C3%B2de_1054-1132.png/330px-Rus%27_de_Kiev_-_Peri%C3%B2de_1054-1132.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Rus%27_de_Kiev_-_Peri%C3%B2de_1054-1132.png/440px-Rus%27_de_Kiev_-_Peri%C3%B2de_1054-1132.png 2x" data-file-width="455" data-file-height="713" /></a><figcaption>Fragmentacion dau Rus' de Kyiiv durant lo periòde 1054-1132.</figcaption></figure> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/wiki/Rus%27_de_Kyiv" title="Rus' de Kyiv">Rus' de Kyiv</a>.</div> <p>A partir dau sègle VIII, lo comèrci vareg (de <a href="/wiki/Viking" title="Viking">Vikings</a> orientaus principalament originaris de <a href="/wiki/Su%C3%A8cia" title="Suècia">Suècia</a>) entre la <a href="/wiki/Mar_Baltica" title="Mar Baltica">Mar Baltica</a> e la <a href="/wiki/Mar_Negra" title="Mar Negra">Mar Negra</a> favorizèt l'emergéncia d'<a href="/wiki/Estat" title="Estat">estats</a> locaus au sen dei populacions eslavas. Au sègle IX, lo cap vareg <a href="/wiki/Oleg_lo_Savi" title="Oleg lo Savi">Oleg lo Savi</a> conquistèt <a href="/wiki/Kyiv" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyiv">Kyiiv</a> e fondèt un estat dich <a href="/wiki/Rus%27_de_Kyiv" title="Rus' de Kyiv">Rus' de Kyiiv</a>. Gropant leis Eslaus orientaus (rèires comuns dei <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Rus</a>, dei <a href="/wiki/Bielorussia" title="Bielorussia">Bielorús</a> e deis Ucraïnians), agantèt son apogèu sota lei rèines de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_I%C3%A8r&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vladimir Ièr (la pagina existís pas)">Vladimir</a> (<a href="/wiki/980" class="mw-redirect" title="980">980</a>-<a href="/wiki/1015" class="mw-redirect" title="1015">1015</a>) e d'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Iaroslav_lo_Savi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iaroslav lo Savi (la pagina existís pas)">Iaroslav lo Savi</a> (<a href="/wiki/1019" class="mw-redirect" title="1019">1019</a>-<a href="/wiki/1054" class="mw-redirect" title="1054">1054</a>) que favorizèron la difusion dau <a href="/wiki/Cristianisme" title="Cristianisme">cristianisme</a> <a href="/wiki/Ortodoxia" title="Ortodoxia">ortodox</a> au sen de son pòble. Au sègle XI, lo <a href="/wiki/Rus%27_de_Kyiv" title="Rus' de Kyiv">Rus' de Kyiiv</a> èra lo reiaume pus estendut d'<a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B2pa" title="Euròpa">Euròpa</a> e aviá d'importantei relacions comercialas amb l'<a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">Empèri Bizantin</a> via <a href="/wiki/Dni%C3%A8pre" title="Dnièpre">Dnièpre</a>. </p><p>Pasmens, de conflictes intèrnes e d'invasions novèlas de <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ris_nomadas" title="Empèris nomadas">pòbles nomadas</a> <a href="/wiki/Eurasia" title="Eurasia">eurasiatics</a> fragmentèron pauc a pauc lo Rus' de Kyiiv. De <a href="/wiki/1054" class="mw-redirect" title="1054">1054</a> a <a href="/wiki/1224" class="mw-redirect" title="1224">1224</a>, aperaquí 64 principats se formèron sus son territòri. En <a href="/wiki/1203" class="mw-redirect" title="1203">1203</a>, lei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cumans (la pagina existís pas)">Cumans</a> prenguèron e pilhèron <a href="/wiki/Kyiv" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyiv">Kyiiv</a>. Un an pus tard, aqueu declin foguèt agravat per lo sac de <a href="/wiki/Constantin%C3%B2ple" title="Constantinòple">Constantinòple</a> per la <a href="/wiki/Quatrena_Crosada" title="Quatrena Crosada">Quatrena Crosada</a> (<a href="/wiki/1204" class="mw-redirect" title="1204">1204</a>) que privèt lo reiaume de son partenari economic principau. Ansin, dins lo corrent dei sègles XII e XIII, l'unitat e la poissança dau reiaume dispareguèron pauc a pauc e lo títol de senhor de Kyiiv venguèt subretot simbolic avans de disparéisser d'un biais definitiu amb la presa de la <a href="/wiki/Vila" title="Vila">vila</a> per lei <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Mong%C3%B2l" title="Empèri Mongòl">Mongòls</a> en <a href="/wiki/1240" class="mw-redirect" title="1240">1240</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Leis_invasions_mongòlas_e_lituanianas"><span id="Leis_invasions_mong.C3.B2las_e_lituanianas"></span>Leis invasions mongòlas e lituanianas</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modificar la seccion : Leis invasions mongòlas e lituanianas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=9" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Leis invasions mongòlas e lituanianas"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A partir dau sègle XIII, lei <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Mong%C3%B2l" title="Empèri Mongòl">Mongòls</a> e lei <a href="/wiki/Litu%C3%A0nia" title="Lituània">Lituanians</a> impausèron son autoritat sus la region entraïnant l'acomençament de la diferenciacion entre, d'un caire, lei <a href="/wiki/Bielorussia" title="Bielorussia">Bielorús</a> e leis Ucraïnians e, d'autre caire, lei <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Rus</a>. D'efèct, lei <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Mong%C3%B2l" title="Empèri Mongòl">Mongòls</a> someteguèron lei principats eslaus septentrionaus (<a href="/wiki/1239" class="mw-redirect" title="1239">1239</a>), pilhèron <a href="/wiki/Kiev" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiev">Kiev</a> (<a href="/wiki/1240" class="mw-redirect" title="1240">1240</a>) e ravatjèron <a href="/wiki/Polonha" title="Polonha">Polonha</a> e <a href="/wiki/Ongria" title="Ongria">Ongria</a> (<a href="/wiki/1241" class="mw-redirect" title="1241">1241</a>) sensa s'i mantenir. Puei, fondèron lo <a href="/wiki/Khanat_de_l%27%C3%92rda_d%27Aur" title="Khanat de l'Òrda d'Aur">Khanat de l'Òrda d'Aur</a> qu'obliguèt lei principats rus eissits dau Rus' de Kiev de li pagar un <a href="/wiki/Tribut" title="Tribut">tribut</a>. </p><p>Au sègle XIV, lei <a href="/wiki/Litu%C3%A0nia" title="Lituània">Lituanians</a> s'interessèron a son torn a la region. Capitèron de prendre lo contraròtle de plusors principats occidentaus e de conquistar Kiev en <a href="/wiki/1363" class="mw-redirect" title="1363">1363</a>. Puei, au començament dau sègle XV, agantèron la <a href="/wiki/Mar_Negra" title="Mar Negra">Mar Negra</a>. En parallèl, lei <a href="/wiki/Polonha" title="Polonha">Polonés</a> ocupèron lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Principat_de_Halicz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Principat de Halicz (la pagina existís pas)">principat de Halicz</a> que venguèt per la seguida <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gal%C3%ADcia_(Eur%C3%B2pa_Orientala)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galícia (Euròpa Orientala) (la pagina existís pas)">Galícia</a>. Ansin, a la conclusion de l'Union entre <a href="/wiki/Polonha" title="Polonha">Polonha</a> e <a href="/wiki/Litu%C3%A0nia" title="Lituània">Lituània</a>, Ucraïna èra devesida entre una mitat polono-lituaniana, au centre e a l'<a href="/wiki/O%C3%A8st" title="Oèst">oèst</a>, e una mitat tatara (populacions turcas que succediguèt ai Mongòls) au <a href="/wiki/Sud" title="Sud">sud</a> e a l'<a href="/wiki/%C3%88st" title="Èst">èst</a>. En <a href="/wiki/1438" class="mw-redirect" title="1438">1438</a>, lei Tatars s'afranquiguèron de la tutèla <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Mong%C3%B2l" title="Empèri Mongòl">mongòla</a> e fondèron lo <a href="/wiki/Khanat_de_Crim%C3%A8a" title="Khanat de Crimèa">Khanat de Crimèa</a>. Pasmens, lo sud de <a href="/wiki/Crim%C3%A8a" title="Crimèa">Crimèa</a> demorèt lòngtemps sota influéncia <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">bizantina</a> avans de passar sota la contraròtle dei marchands <a href="/wiki/It%C3%A0lia" title="Itàlia">Itàlia</a>, especialament aquelei de <a href="/wiki/Republica_de_G%C3%A8noa" title="Republica de Gènoa">Gènoa</a>. </p><p>Aquel equilibri durèt fins a la fin dau sègle XV. Foguèt romput au <a href="/wiki/Sud" title="Sud">sud</a> per lei <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Otoman" title="Empèri Otoman">Turcs Otomans</a> e au <a href="/wiki/N%C3%B2rd" title="Nòrd">nòrd</a> per lei <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Rus</a>. D'efèct, en <a href="/wiki/1475" class="mw-redirect" title="1475">1475</a>, lei premiers capitèron de conquistar lei possessions <a href="/wiki/Republica_de_G%C3%A8noa" title="Republica de Gènoa">genoesas</a> e de <a href="/wiki/Vassal" title="Vassal">vassalizar</a> lo <a href="/wiki/Khanat_de_Crim%C3%A8a" title="Khanat de Crimèa">Khanat de Crimèa</a>. Puei, menèron un lòng combat per establir còntra <a href="/wiki/Polonha" title="Polonha">Polonha</a>-<a href="/wiki/Litu%C3%A0nia" title="Lituània">Lituània</a> per lo contraròtle dau <a href="/wiki/Litorau" title="Litorau">litorau</a> nòrd-oèst de la <a href="/wiki/Mar_Negra" title="Mar Negra">Mar Negra</a>. S'acabèt victoriosament en <a href="/wiki/1526" class="mw-redirect" title="1526">1526</a> amb la presa de <a href="/wiki/Bessar%C3%A0bia" title="Bessaràbia">Bessaràbia</a> e de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jedisan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jedisan (la pagina existís pas)">Jedisan</a>. De son caire, lei Rus acomencèron una lenta migracion en direccion dau <a href="/wiki/Sud" title="Sud">sud</a>. Son objectiu iniciau èra de protegir <a href="/wiki/Mosc%C3%B2u" title="Moscòu">Moscòu</a> còntra lei Tatars qu'avián pilhat la vila en <a href="/wiki/1571" class="mw-redirect" title="1571">1571</a>-<a href="/wiki/1572" class="mw-redirect" title="1572">1572</a>. Per aquò, bastiguèron de rets de <a href="/wiki/Fortificacion" title="Fortificacion">fortificacions</a> dins la region de <a href="/wiki/Kharkiv" title="Kharkiv">Kharkiv</a> e i favorizèron l'implantacion de colons cargats de lei defendre militarament. Aquelei <a href="/wiki/Marcha_(juridiccion)" title="Marcha (juridiccion)">marchas militaras</a> dichas « Ucraïna » en <a href="/wiki/Rus" title="Rus">rus</a> donèron son nom au país. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="L'influéncia_polonesa"><span id="L.27influ.C3.A9ncia_polonesa"></span>L'influéncia polonesa</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modificar la seccion : L'influéncia polonesa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=10" title="Edita el codi de la secció: L'influéncia polonesa"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De <a href="/wiki/1550" class="mw-redirect" title="1550">1550</a> a <a href="/wiki/1650" class="mw-redirect" title="1650">1650</a>, lei transformacions politicas e <a href="/wiki/Religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion">religiosas</a> de <a href="/wiki/Polonha" title="Polonha">Polonha</a>-<a href="/wiki/Litu%C3%A0nia" title="Lituània">Lituània</a> aguèron d'efèctes importants en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gal%C3%ADcia_(Eur%C3%B2pa_Orientala)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galícia (Euròpa Orientala) (la pagina existís pas)">Galícia</a> e en <a href="/wiki/Rut%C3%A8nia" title="Rutènia">Rutènia</a>. D'efèct, a l'eissida dau renfòrçament de l'Union entre lei doas coronas en <a href="/wiki/1569" class="mw-redirect" title="1569">1569</a>, la noblesa de <a href="/wiki/Rut%C3%A8nia" title="Rutènia">Rutènia</a> quitèt la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Moven%C3%A7a&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Movença (la pagina existís pas)">movença</a> <a href="/wiki/Litu%C3%A0nia" title="Lituània">lituaniana</a> per intrar dins aquela de <a href="/wiki/Polonha" title="Polonha">Polonha</a>. Aquò foguèt a l'origina de la diferenciacion entre <a href="/wiki/Bielorussia" title="Bielorussia">Bielorús</a> e Ucraïnians. </p><p>Un autre efècte important regardèt la <a href="/wiki/Religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion">religion</a> quand una assemblada dau <a href="/wiki/Clergat" title="Clergat">clergat</a> <a href="/wiki/Ortodoxia" title="Ortodoxia">ortodox</a> proclamèt son union amb la <a href="/wiki/Gl%C3%A8isa_Catolica" class="mw-redirect" title="Glèisa Catolica">Glèisa Catolica</a> entraïnant la formacion d'una <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gl%C3%A8isas_catolicas_orientalas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glèisas catolicas orientalas (la pagina existís pas)">Glèisa « uniata »</a> de rite <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Bizantin" title="Empèri Bizantin">bizantin</a>. Pasmens, aquela decision suscitèt d'oposicions vivas. En <a href="/wiki/1620" class="mw-redirect" title="1620">1620</a>, un novèu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metropolita&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metropolita (la pagina existís pas)">metropolita</a> <a href="/wiki/Ortodoxia" title="Ortodoxia">ortodòxe</a> de <a href="/wiki/Kiev" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiev">Kiev</a> foguèt consacrat per lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Patriarcat_de_Constantin%C3%B2ple&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patriarcat de Constantinòple (la pagina existís pas)">patriarca de Constantinòple</a>. Lo rèi de <a href="/wiki/Polonha" title="Polonha">Polonha</a> foguèt obligat de reconóisser aquela ierarquia <a href="/wiki/Ortodoxia" title="Ortodoxia">ortodòxa</a> novèla en <a href="/wiki/1632" class="mw-redirect" title="1632">1632</a> entraïnant una coabitacion entre lei Glèisas Ortodòxa e « uniata ». </p><p>Enfin, lo darrier efècte major de la senhoriá <a href="/wiki/Polonha" title="Polonha">polonesa</a> foguèt la difusion de sa cultura e de son modèl sociau. Ansin, l'<a href="/wiki/Aristocracia" title="Aristocracia">aristocracia</a> de <a href="/wiki/Rut%C3%A8nia" title="Rutènia">Rutènia</a> se polonizèt pauc a pauc e, segon lo modèl de la noblesa polonesa, se formèron de proprietaris agricòlas immensas tengudas per de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magnat (la pagina existís pas)">magnats</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lei_Cosacs_Zaporoges">Lei Cosacs Zaporoges</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modificar la seccion : Lei Cosacs Zaporoges" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=11" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lei Cosacs Zaporoges"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lei <a href="/wiki/Cosacs" title="Cosacs">cosacs</a> èran un ensems de pòbles nomadas, generalament eslaus, installats dins lei regions <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fronti%C3%A8ra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frontièra (la pagina existís pas)">frontalieras</a> entre <a href="/wiki/Polonha" title="Polonha">Polonha</a>-<a href="/wiki/Litu%C3%A0nia" title="Lituània">Lituània</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Khanat_de_Crim%C3%A8a" title="Khanat de Crimèa">Khanat de Crimèa</a> e khanats mongòls. Lei Zaporoges, <a href="/wiki/Ortodoxia" title="Ortodoxia">ortodoxs</a>, de lenga ucraïniana e nominalament vassaus de la corona polonesa, n'èran lei representants pus occidentaus. Installats dins la bloca de <a href="/wiki/Dni%C3%A8pre" title="Dnièpre">Dnièpre</a> a la periferia de <a href="/wiki/Polonha" title="Polonha">Polonha</a>-<a href="/wiki/Litu%C3%A0nia" title="Lituània">Lituània</a> e de <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, èran cortejats per lei doas poissanças que li donavan d'armas e de viures en cambi d'un sostèn militar. Aquò permetèt ai Zaporoges de desvolopar pauc a pauc d'institucions que venguèron relativament solidas dins lo corrent dau sègle XVI. </p><p>Òr, aqueu periòde veguèt de transformacions importantas dau territòri zaporoge en causa de l'installacion de païsans polonés (dempuei l'oèst) e rus (dempuei lo nòrd). D'efèct, de magnats acomencèron rapidament de revendicar de <a href="/wiki/Drech" title="Drech">drechs</a> sus lei regions cultivadas, çò qu'entraïnèt de revòutas. Una premiera temptativa mau capitèt en <a href="/wiki/1637" class="mw-redirect" title="1637">1637</a> e permetèt ai <a href="/wiki/Polonha" title="Polonha">Polonés</a> de renfòrçar sa preséncia dins la bloca de <a href="/wiki/Dniepr" class="mw-redirect" title="Dniepr">Dniepr</a>. Pasmens, de combats acomencèron tornarmai a partir de <a href="/wiki/1648" class="mw-redirect" title="1648">1648</a> amb una revòuta novèla dirigida per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bogdan_Khmelnitski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bogdan Khmelnitski (la pagina existís pas)">Bogdan Khmelnitski</a> que s'alièt amb lei <a href="/wiki/Khanat_de_Crim%C3%A8a" title="Khanat de Crimèa">Tatars de Crimèa</a> en <a href="/wiki/1648" class="mw-redirect" title="1648">1648</a> e amb lei <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Rus</a> en <a href="/wiki/1654" class="mw-redirect" title="1654">1654</a>. En <a href="/wiki/1654" class="mw-redirect" title="1654">1654</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bogdan_Khmelnitski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bogdan Khmelnitski (la pagina existís pas)">Khmelnitski</a> reconoguèt la senhoriá russa en cambi dau mantenement deis institucions dei Zaporoges. </p><p>Pasmens, aquel acòrd contentèt degun car lei <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Rus</a> avián ges d'intencion de lo respectar e lei combats contunièron car lei <a href="/wiki/Polonha" title="Polonha">Polonés</a> desarmèron pas fins au <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tractat_d%27Androussovo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tractat d'Androussovo (la pagina existís pas)">tractat d'Androussovo</a> en <a href="/wiki/1667" class="mw-redirect" title="1667">1667</a>. Aquela patz marcava una desfacha polonesa còntra <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> mai en Ucraïna permetèt a l'Union de <a href="/wiki/Polonha" title="Polonha">Polonha</a>-<a href="/wiki/Litu%C3%A0nia" title="Lituània">Lituània</a> de gardar la riba drecha de <a href="/wiki/Dni%C3%A8pre" title="Dnièpre">Dnièpre</a>. Lei Zaporoges de l'èst passèron alora sota la senhoriá — efectiva — dei Rus e aquelei de l'oèst demorèron sota la senhoriá — nominala — dei Polonés. De <a href="/wiki/1672" class="mw-redirect" title="1672">1672</a> a <a href="/wiki/1699" class="mw-redirect" title="1699">1699</a>, passèron — totjorn nominalament — sota senhoriá <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Otoman" title="Empèri Otoman">otomana</a> — en causa de la pèrda provisòria de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pod%C3%B2lia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Podòlia (la pagina existís pas)">Podòlia</a> per <a href="/wiki/Vars%C3%B2via" title="Varsòvia">Varsòvia</a>. A l'èst de <a href="/wiki/Dni%C3%A8pre" title="Dnièpre">Dnièpre</a>, la dominacion russa foguèt mau acceptada e una revòuta dirigida per l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hetman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hetman (la pagina existís pas)">hetman</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mazeppa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mazeppa (la pagina existís pas)">Mazeppa</a> aguèt luòc quand l'armada <a href="/wiki/Su%C3%A8cia" title="Suècia">suedesa</a> de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carles_XII_de_Su%C3%A8cia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carles XII de Suècia (la pagina existís pas)">Carles XII</a> arribèt dins la region. Pasmens, foguèt anientada a la <a href="/wiki/Batalha_de_Poltava" title="Batalha de Poltava">batalha de Poltava</a> en <a href="/wiki/1709" class="mw-redirect" title="1709">1709</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="L'Ucraïna_Russa"><span id="L.27Ucra.C3.AFna_Russa"></span>L'Ucraïna Russa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modificar la seccion : L'Ucraïna Russa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=12" title="Edita el codi de la secció: L'Ucraïna Russa"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="La_conquista_russa">La conquista russa</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Modificar la seccion : La conquista russa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=13" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La conquista russa"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dins lo corrent dau sègle XVIII, lei <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Rus</a> capitèron d'ocupar la màger part de l'Ucraïna actuala au detriment de l'<a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Otoman" title="Empèri Otoman">Empèri Otoman</a> e de <a href="/wiki/Polonha" title="Polonha">Polonha</a>-<a href="/wiki/Litu%C3%A0nia" title="Lituània">Lituània</a>. D'efèct, una premiera guèrra de <a href="/wiki/1768" class="mw-redirect" title="1768">1768</a> a <a href="/wiki/1774" class="mw-redirect" title="1774">1774</a> permetèt ais armadas <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">russas</a> d'ocupar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Taurida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taurida (la pagina existís pas)">Taurida</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crim%C3%A8a" title="Crimèa">Crimèa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mold%C3%A0via" class="mw-disambig" title="Moldàvia">Moldàvia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Valaquia" title="Valaquia">Valaquia</a> e una partida de <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>. Ansin, au <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tractat_de_K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCk_Kaynarca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tractat de Küçük Kaynarca (la pagina existís pas)">tractat de Küçük Kaynarca</a> (<a href="/wiki/1774" class="mw-redirect" title="1774">1774</a>), lei <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Otoman" title="Empèri Otoman">Turcs</a> perdiguèron la riba senèstra de <a href="/wiki/Dniepr" class="mw-redirect" title="Dniepr">Dniepr</a> e deguèron laissar son <a href="/wiki/Independ%C3%A9ncia" title="Independéncia">independéncia</a> au <a href="/wiki/Khanat_de_Crim%C3%A8a" title="Khanat de Crimèa">Khanat de Crimèa</a>. Inquietas d'aquela avançada russa, <a href="/wiki/%C3%80ustria" title="Àustria">Àustria</a> e <a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%BAssia" title="Prússia">Prússia</a> s'entendiguèron amb <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> per se partejar lo territòri <a href="/wiki/Polonha" title="Polonha">polonés</a> amb lo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Premier_Partiment_de_Polonha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Premier Partiment de Polonha (la pagina existís pas)">Premier Partiment de Polonha</a> (<a href="/wiki/1772" class="mw-redirect" title="1772">1772</a>). La <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gal%C3%ADcia_(Eur%C3%B2pa_Orientala)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galícia (Euròpa Orientala) (la pagina existís pas)">Galícia</a> Polonesa venguèt ansin <a href="/wiki/%C3%80ustria" title="Àustria">austriana</a>. Puei, totjorn per s'aparar còntra l'expansionisme rus, <a href="/wiki/Viena_(%C3%80ustria)" title="Viena (Àustria)">Viena</a> faguèt pression sus l'<a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Otoman" title="Empèri Otoman">Empèri Otoman</a> per obtenir <a href="/wiki/Bucovina" title="Bucovina">Bucovina</a>, autra region poblada d'Ucraïnians, en <a href="/wiki/1775" class="mw-redirect" title="1775">1775</a>. </p><p>Pasmens, l'iniciativa demorèt russa. De guèrras novèlas permetèron a <a href="/wiki/Catarina_II_de_Russia" title="Catarina II de Russia">Catarina II</a> (<a href="/wiki/1762" class="mw-redirect" title="1762">1762</a>-<a href="/wiki/1796" class="mw-redirect" title="1796">1796</a>) d'annexar lo <a href="/wiki/Khanat_de_Crim%C3%A8a" title="Khanat de Crimèa">Khanat de Crimèa</a> (<a href="/wiki/1783" class="mw-redirect" title="1783">1783</a>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jedisan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jedisan (la pagina existís pas)">Jedisan</a> (<a href="/wiki/1792" class="mw-redirect" title="1792">1792</a>) e de desplaçar sa <a href="/wiki/Frontiera" title="Frontiera">frontiera</a> lòng de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dniestr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dniestr (la pagina existís pas)">Dniestr</a>. Aperavans, l'autonòmia intèrna dei Cosacs Zaporoges èra estada definitivament suprimida amb l'abdicacion fòrçada dau darrier <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hetman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hetman (la pagina existís pas)">hetman</a> en <a href="/wiki/1764" class="mw-redirect" title="1764">1764</a> — la carga èra subretot simbolica dempuei la <a href="/wiki/M%C3%B2rt" title="Mòrt">mòrt</a> de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mazeppa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mazeppa (la pagina existís pas)">Mazeppa</a> — e la destruccion de sa <a href="/wiki/Capitala" title="Capitala">capitala</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sitch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sitch (la pagina existís pas)">Sitch</a>, en <a href="/wiki/1775" class="mw-redirect" title="1775">1775</a>. Aquò entraïnèt tornarmai de demandas de compensacions de <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a> e de <a href="/wiki/Viena_(%C3%80ustria)" title="Viena (Àustria)">Viena</a> que s'acabèron per lei partiments de <a href="/wiki/Polonha" title="Polonha">Polonha</a> de <a href="/wiki/1792" class="mw-redirect" title="1792">1792</a> e de <a href="/wiki/1795" class="mw-redirect" title="1795">1795</a>. Enfin, en <a href="/wiki/1812" class="mw-redirect" title="1812">1812</a>, una guèrra novèla entre <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Rus</a> e <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Otoman" title="Empèri Otoman">Otomans</a> entraïnèron la cession per <a href="/wiki/Constantin%C3%B2ble" class="mw-redirect" title="Constantinòble">Constantinòble</a> de <a href="/wiki/Bessar%C3%A0bia" title="Bessaràbia">Bessaràbia</a>. Ansin, franc dei regions annexadas per <a href="/wiki/%C3%80ustria" title="Àustria">Àustria</a>, la totalitat de l'Ucraïna actuala èra venguda russa. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="La_Russia_Novèla"><span id="La_Russia_Nov.C3.A8la"></span>La Russia Novèla</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Modificar la seccion : La Russia Novèla" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=14" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La Russia Novèla"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En parallèl de la conquista de la region, lei <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">rus</a> n'organizèron la <a href="/wiki/Colonizacion" title="Colonizacion">colonizacion</a>. A l'iniciativa de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grigori_Potemkine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grigori Potemkine (la pagina existís pas)">Grigori Potemkine</a>, de colons ucraïnians e rus dei regions de <a href="/wiki/Kiev" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiev">Kiev</a> e de <a href="/wiki/Kark%C3%B2v" class="mw-redirect" title="Karkòv">Karkiv</a> foguèron implantadas dins lei zònas abandonadas per lei populacions <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">musulmanas</a> que s'èran enfugidas dins l'<a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Otoman" title="Empèri Otoman">Empèri Otoman</a>. Pasmens, lei besonhs umans èran fòrça importants e d'autrei pòbles participèron au poblament de l'Ucraïna russa: de <a href="/wiki/Cristianisme" title="Cristianisme">crestians</a> emigrats de l'<a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Otoman" title="Empèri Otoman">Empèri Otoman</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A8cia" title="Grècia">grècs</a> e <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">armènis</a> principalament), de <a href="/wiki/Juda%C3%AFsme" title="Judaïsme">judieus</a> <a href="/wiki/Polonha" title="Polonha">polonés</a>, ostils au conservatisme dau <a href="/wiki/Clergat" title="Clergat">clergat</a> israelita polonés, que fondèron una comunautat importanta a <a href="/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa">Odessa</a>, d'<a href="/wiki/Alemanha" title="Alemanha">Alemands</a> que venguèron la basa dau futur pòble deis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alemands_de_la_Mar_Negra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alemands de la Mar Negra (la pagina existís pas)">Alemands de la Mar Negra</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">bulgars</a>, de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaga%C3%BAs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gagaús (la pagina existís pas)">gagaús</a>... etc. Una autra particularitat de la politica de colonizacion russa foguèt sa concentracion sus lei regions orientalas e centralas d'Ucraïna. Lei regions pus orientalas de la Russia Novèla foguèron largament neglegidas. Lo desvolopament i foguèt donc feble e l'evolucion principala foguèt la reïntegracion per fòrça dei glèisas « uniatas » au sen de la <a href="/wiki/Ortodoxia" title="Ortodoxia">Glèisa Ortodoxa</a> en <a href="/wiki/1839" class="mw-redirect" title="1839">1839</a>. </p><p>Lo desvolopament economic de la region passèt premier per l'<a href="/wiki/Agricultura" title="Agricultura">agricultura</a>. Pasmens, a partir deis annadas 1870, la descubèrta de minas de <a href="/wiki/Carbon" title="Carbon">carbon</a> fòrça importantas dins la region de <a href="/wiki/Donetsk" class="mw-redirect" title="Donetsk">Donètsk</a> e de jaciments de <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A8rre" title="Fèrre">fèrre</a> dins aquela de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Krivo%C3%AF_Rog&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krivoï Rog (la pagina existís pas)">Krivoï Rog</a> favorizèt l'aparicion de l'industria pesuca. De mai, en parallèl dau desvolopament <a href="/wiki/Agricultura" title="Agricultura">agricòla</a> e <a href="/wiki/Industria" class="mw-redirect" title="Industria">industriau</a> de la region, <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> s'interessèt tanben ai desbocats militars e economics. Una basa navala foguèt ansin implantada dins lo <a href="/wiki/P%C3%B2rt" class="mw-disambig" title="Pòrt">pòrt</a> de <a href="/wiki/Sebast%C3%B2ple" title="Sebastòple">Sebastòple</a> e un <a href="/wiki/P%C3%B2rt" class="mw-disambig" title="Pòrt">pòrt</a> de comèrci foguèt fondat a <a href="/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa">Odessa</a> en <a href="/wiki/1796" class="mw-redirect" title="1796">1796</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="La_Galícia_Austriana"><span id="La_Gal.C3.ADcia_Austriana"></span>La Galícia Austriana</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Modificar la seccion : La Galícia Austriana" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=15" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La Galícia Austriana"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gal%C3%ADcia_(Eur%C3%B2pa_Orientala)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galícia (Euròpa Orientala) (la pagina existís pas)">Galícia</a> Austriana, <a href="/wiki/Viena_(%C3%80ustria)" title="Viena (Àustria)">Viena</a> instaurèt un regime relativament liberau. Principalament poblada de <a href="/wiki/Rut%C3%A8nia" title="Rutènia">Rutèns</a>, la region aviá un ròtle economic segondari e unicament agricòla. Pasmens, gardèron son identitat e sostenguèron lo <a href="/wiki/Gov%C3%A8rn" title="Govèrn">govèrn</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%80ustria" title="Àustria">austrian</a> durant lei trebols de <a href="/wiki/1848" class="mw-redirect" title="1848">1848</a>. De mai, consequéncia de sa Glèisa « uniata », la region desvolopèt donc un particularisme a respèct dei <a href="/wiki/Polonha" title="Polonha">Polonés</a> <a href="/wiki/Catolicisme" class="mw-redirect" title="Catolicisme">catolics</a> de rite roman e dau rèsta deis Ucraïnians <a href="/wiki/Ortodoxia" title="Ortodoxia">ortodòxes</a>. Ansin, pauc a pauc, la Galícia Austriana venguèt lo luòc de naissença dau <a href="/wiki/Nacionalisme" title="Nacionalisme">nacionalisme</a> ucraïnian. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="La_Premiera_Guèrra_Mondiala_e_sei_consequéncias"><span id="La_Premiera_Gu.C3.A8rra_Mondiala_e_sei_consequ.C3.A9ncias"></span>La Premiera Guèrra Mondiala e sei consequéncias</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Modificar la seccion : La Premiera Guèrra Mondiala e sei consequéncias" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=16" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La Premiera Guèrra Mondiala e sei consequéncias"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="L'independéncia_e_l'ocupacion_alemanda"><span id="L.27independ.C3.A9ncia_e_l.27ocupacion_alemanda"></span>L'independéncia e l'ocupacion alemanda</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Modificar la seccion : L'independéncia e l'ocupacion alemanda" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=17" title="Edita el codi de la secció: L'independéncia e l'ocupacion alemanda"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La <a href="/wiki/Premiera_Gu%C3%A8rra_Mondiala" class="mw-redirect" title="Premiera Guèrra Mondiala">Premiera Guèrra Mondiala</a> transformèt la region ucraïniana en prat batalhier de <a href="/wiki/1914" class="mw-redirect" title="1914">1914</a> a <a href="/wiki/1920" class="mw-redirect" title="1920">1920</a>. Pasmens, en fòra dei pèrdas umanas e dei destruccions, aguèt per consequéncia d'entraïnar l'afondrament de l'<a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Empèri Rus</a> e d'<a href="/wiki/%C3%80ustria-Ongria" title="Àustria-Ongria">Àustria-Ongria</a>. Un movement <a href="/wiki/Nacionalisme" title="Nacionalisme">nacionalista</a> se formèt e revendiquèt la formacion d'una Ucraïna <a href="/wiki/Independ%C3%A9ncia" title="Independéncia">independenta</a>. Finalament vençut, aqueu movement entraïnèt pasmens la formacion d'una republica sovietica d'Ucraïna qu'es la basa de l'Ucraïna actuala. </p><p>D'efèct, tre l'afondrament de l'<a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Empèri Rus</a> en març de <a href="/wiki/1917" class="mw-redirect" title="1917">1917</a>, una assemblada dicha <i>Rada</i> (« Assemblada » en <a href="/wiki/Occitan" title="Occitan">occitan</a>) se reüniguèt a <a href="/wiki/Kiev" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiev">Kiev</a>. La Societat deis Ucraïnians progressistas, fondada en <a href="/wiki/1908" class="mw-redirect" title="1908">1908</a> per obtenir d'un biais legau la reconóissença dei drechs deis Ucraïnians e una autonomia intèrna, i aviá la majoritat. En novembre de <a href="/wiki/1917" class="mw-redirect" title="1917">1917</a>, proclamèt la creacion d'una Republica d'Ucraïna e creèt un <a href="/wiki/Gov%C3%A8rn" title="Govèrn">govèrn</a>. Puei, proclamèt l'<a href="/wiki/Independ%C3%A9ncia" title="Independéncia">independéncia</a> en genier de <a href="/wiki/1918" class="mw-redirect" title="1918">1918</a>. Dins aquò, deguèt faciar una ofensiva dei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolchevisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bolchevisme (la pagina existís pas)">Bolchevics</a> qu'avián fondat una republica sovietica d'Ucraïna en decembre de <a href="/wiki/1917" class="mw-redirect" title="1917">1917</a> a <a href="/wiki/Kharkiv" title="Kharkiv">Kharkòv</a>. Respectivament en febrier e març, lei dos govèrns ucraïnians signèron un tractat amb <a href="/wiki/Alemanha" title="Alemanha">Alemanha</a> e <a href="/wiki/%C3%80ustria-Ongria" title="Àustria-Ongria">Àustria-Ongria</a> assegurant la reconóissença de la Republica per leis Empèris Centraus. Aquò empachèt pas l'ocupacion dau país per leis <a href="/wiki/Alemanha" title="Alemanha">Alemands</a> interessats per la recòlta de <a href="/wiki/Cereala" title="Cereala">cerealas</a>. La <i>Rada</i> foguèt dissòuta e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pavel_Skropadski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pavel Skropadski (la pagina existís pas)">Pavel Skropadski</a>, protegit deis Alemands, foguèt proclamat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hetman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hetman (la pagina existís pas)">hetman</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lo_caòs_de_1919"><span id="Lo_ca.C3.B2s_de_1919"></span>Lo caòs de 1919</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Modificar la seccion : Lo caòs de 1919" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=18" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lo caòs de 1919"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'òrdre <a href="/wiki/Alemanha" title="Alemanha">alemand</a> subrevisquèt pas a la victòria deis Aliats. En novembre de <a href="/wiki/1918" class="mw-redirect" title="1918">1918</a>, lei soudats alemands se retirèron entraïnant un conflicte generau entre lei diferentei faccions politicas ucraïnianas. Aquela situacion durèt plusors mes fins a l'integracion dei divèrsei camps ai Bolchevics ò ais armadas blancas. </p><p>En <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gal%C3%ADcia_(Eur%C3%B2pa_Orientala)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galícia (Euròpa Orientala) (la pagina existís pas)">Galícia</a>, lei <a href="/wiki/Rut%C3%A8nia" title="Rutènia">Rutèns</a> volián faire partida de l'Ucraïna <a href="/wiki/Independ%C3%A9ncia" title="Independéncia">independenta</a>. Pasmens, la region èra tanben revendicada per la <a href="/wiki/Polonha" title="Polonha">Polonha</a> en cors de restauracion, çò qu'entraïnèt de combats de novembre de <a href="/wiki/1918" class="mw-redirect" title="1918">1918</a> a mai de <a href="/wiki/1919" class="mw-redirect" title="1919">1919</a> que s'acabèron per un succès polonés. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Simon_Petlioura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simon Petlioura (la pagina existís pas)">Simon Petlioura</a>, èx-ministre deis afaires militars dau govèrn de la Societat deis Ucraïnians progressistas, assaièt de formar un govèrn novèu a <a href="/wiki/Kiev" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiev">Kiev</a> en decembre de <a href="/wiki/1918" class="mw-redirect" title="1918">1918</a>. Pasmens, perdiguèt lo contraròtle de la <a href="/wiki/Capitala" title="Capitala">capitala</a> e se raprochèt alora dei <a href="/wiki/Polonha" title="Polonha">Polonés</a>. Lei Bolchevics formèron un govèrn provisòri basat a <a href="/wiki/Kursk" class="mw-redirect" title="Kursk">Kursk</a> en novembre de <a href="/wiki/1918" class="mw-redirect" title="1918">1918</a>. Establits a <a href="/wiki/Kark%C3%B2v" class="mw-redirect" title="Karkòv">Karkòv</a> en genier de <a href="/wiki/1919" class="mw-redirect" title="1919">1919</a>, prenguèron <a href="/wiki/Kiev" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiev">Kiev</a> en febrier. Dins lo bloca de <a href="/wiki/Dniepr" class="mw-redirect" title="Dniepr">Dniepr</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikifor_Grigoriev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nikifor Grigoriev (la pagina existís pas)">Nikifor Grigoriev</a> assaièt de restaurar l'estat zaporoge e organizèt d'incursions còntra lei regions vesinas. A l'<a href="/wiki/%C3%88st" title="Èst">èst</a>, lo cap <a href="/wiki/Anarquisme" title="Anarquisme">anarquista</a> <a href="/wiki/Nestor_Makhno" class="mw-redirect" title="Nestor Makhno">Nestor Makhno</a> organizèt tre abriu de <a href="/wiki/1917" class="mw-redirect" title="1917">1917</a> una <a href="/wiki/Guerilha" title="Guerilha">guerilha</a> còntra leis Alemands. Contraròtlèt rapidament un important territòri en Ucraïna Orientala e intrèt en conflicte còntra leis armadas blancas de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton_Denikine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anton Denikine (la pagina existís pas)">Denikine</a>. Lòng dau <a href="/wiki/Litorau" title="Litorau">litorau</a>, d'armadas aliadas (<a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7a" title="França">França</a> a <a href="/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa">Odessa</a> e en <a href="/wiki/Crim%C3%A8a" title="Crimèa">Crimèa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A8cia" title="Grècia">Grècia</a> a <a href="/wiki/Kherson" title="Kherson">Kherson</a> e a <a href="/wiki/Mykolaiiv" title="Mykolaiiv">Mykolaiiv</a>) desbarquèron per sostenir lei Blancs. Pasmens, en fàcia de la situacion caotica, se retirèron pauc a pauc dins lo corrent de l'annada. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Blancs_còntra_Roges"><span id="Blancs_c.C3.B2ntra_Roges"></span>Blancs còntra Roges</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Modificar la seccion : Blancs còntra Roges" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=19" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Blancs còntra Roges"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A partir de la prima de <a href="/wiki/1919" class="mw-redirect" title="1919">1919</a>, lo conflicte interior ucraïnian venguèt pus clar e la guèrra venguèt un conflicte periferic de la <a href="/wiki/Gu%C3%A8rra_Civila_Russa" title="Guèrra Civila Russa">Guèrra Civila Russa</a>. En julhet de <a href="/wiki/1919" class="mw-redirect" title="1919">1919</a>, lei Bolchevics eliminèron <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikifor_Grigoriev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nikifor Grigoriev (la pagina existís pas)">Grigoriev</a> e lo generau blanc <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton_Denikine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anton Denikine (la pagina existís pas)">Anton Denikine</a> organizèt una ofensiva d'amplor que li permetèt de conquistar <a href="/wiki/Crim%C3%A8a" title="Crimèa">Crimèa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa">Odessa</a> e <a href="/wiki/Kyiv" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyiv">Kyiiv</a>. Pasmens, après aquelei victòrias, foguèt arrestat a <a href="/wiki/Tula" title="Tula">Tula</a> e la repòsta bolchevica, sostenguda per <a href="/wiki/Nestor_Makhno" class="mw-redirect" title="Nestor Makhno">Makhno</a> reconquistèt rapidament la totalitat dei territòris perduts franc de <a href="/wiki/Crim%C3%A8a" title="Crimèa">Crimèa</a> defenduda per lo generau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotr_Nikola%C3%AFevitch_Wrangel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piotr Nikolaïevitch Wrangel (la pagina existís pas)">Wrangel</a>. </p><p>Lei Blancs foguèron sauvats per l'intervencion dei tropas <a href="/wiki/Polonha" title="Polonha">polonesas</a>, sostengudas per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Simon_Petlioura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simon Petlioura (la pagina existís pas)">Petlioura</a>, a partir d'abriu de <a href="/wiki/1920" class="mw-redirect" title="1920">1920</a>. Ocupèron <a href="/wiki/Kiev" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiev">Kiev</a> en mai permetent a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotr_Nikola%C3%AFevitch_Wrangel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piotr Nikolaïevitch Wrangel (la pagina existís pas)">Wrangel</a> de progressar dins lo sud (presa de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mariup%C3%B2l&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mariupòl (la pagina existís pas)">Mariupòl</a>). Pasmens, en julhet, la còntra-ofensiva de l'Armada Roja rebutèt lei Polonés fins a <a href="/wiki/Lviv" title="Lviv">Lviv</a> avans la signatura d'un tractat de patz entre Bolchevics e Polonés en octòbre de <a href="/wiki/1920" class="mw-redirect" title="1920">1920</a>. Aquò permetèt ai Roges de liquidar la pòcha blanca de <a href="/wiki/Crim%C3%A8a" title="Crimèa">Crimèa</a> dins lo corrent de novembre. Enfin, la darriera etapa de la guèrra foguèt l'eliminacion dei bandas de <a href="/wiki/Nestor_Makhno" class="mw-redirect" title="Nestor Makhno">Makhno</a>. Lo conflicte s'acabèt en <a href="/wiki/1921" class="mw-redirect" title="1921">1921</a> per la victòria dei Bolchevics e la fugida de <a href="/wiki/Nestor_Makhno" class="mw-redirect" title="Nestor Makhno">Makhno</a> en <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="L'Ucraïna_Sovietica"><span id="L.27Ucra.C3.AFna_Sovietica"></span>L'Ucraïna Sovietica</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Modificar la seccion : L'Ucraïna Sovietica" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=20" title="Edita el codi de la secció: L'Ucraïna Sovietica"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="De_l'ucrainizacion_a_l'Holodomòr"><span id="De_l.27ucrainizacion_a_l.27Holodom.C3.B2r"></span>De l'ucrainizacion a l'Holodomòr</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Modificar la seccion : De l'ucrainizacion a l'Holodomòr" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=21" title="Edita el codi de la secció: De l'ucrainizacion a l'Holodomòr"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Union_Sovietica_-_Intensitat_de_la_famina_de_1932-1933.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Union_Sovietica_-_Intensitat_de_la_famina_de_1932-1933.png/220px-Union_Sovietica_-_Intensitat_de_la_famina_de_1932-1933.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Union_Sovietica_-_Intensitat_de_la_famina_de_1932-1933.png/330px-Union_Sovietica_-_Intensitat_de_la_famina_de_1932-1933.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Union_Sovietica_-_Intensitat_de_la_famina_de_1932-1933.png/440px-Union_Sovietica_-_Intensitat_de_la_famina_de_1932-1933.png 2x" data-file-width="1788" data-file-height="1260" /></a><figcaption>Intensitat de la famina de 1932-1933 en Union Sovietica.</figcaption></figure> <p>En <a href="/wiki/1921" class="mw-redirect" title="1921">1921</a>, lo país èra totalament destruch er tres <a href="/wiki/Annada" title="Annada">annadas</a> de <a href="/wiki/Gu%C3%A8rra_civila" title="Guèrra civila">guèrra civila</a>, de chaples e de pilhatges. La Republica Sovietica d'Ucraïna venguèt oficialament una <a href="/wiki/Republica" title="Republica">republica</a> constitutiva de l'<a href="/wiki/URSS" class="mw-redirect" title="URSS">Union Sovietica</a> lo 30 de decembre de <a href="/wiki/1922" class="mw-redirect" title="1922">1922</a>. De <a href="/wiki/1923" class="mw-redirect" title="1923">1923</a> a <a href="/wiki/1934" class="mw-redirect" title="1934">1934</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kh%C3%A0rkiv" class="mw-redirect" title="Khàrkiv">Khàrkiv</a> ne'n foguèt la <a href="/wiki/Capitala" title="Capitala">capitala</a> avans d'èsser remplaçada per <a href="/wiki/Kyiv" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyiv">Kyiiv</a>. </p><p>Leis <a href="/wiki/Annada" title="Annada">annadas</a> 1920 foguèron marcadas per la politica « d'ucraïnizacion » principalament axada sus la promocion de la <a href="/wiki/Lenga" title="Lenga">lenga</a> e de la <a href="/wiki/Cultura" title="Cultura">cultura</a> ucraïnianas. Pasmens, a partir de <a href="/wiki/1929" class="mw-redirect" title="1929">1929</a>, la region foguèt regardada per la politica de collectivizacion d'<a href="/wiki/Estalin" class="mw-redirect" title="Estalin">Estalin</a> e per la liquidacion dei kulaks (de païsans aisats). Aquò se turtèt a una oposicion viva dau mond rurau e lo <a href="/wiki/Gov%C3%A8rn" title="Govèrn">govèrn</a> <a href="/wiki/URSS" class="mw-redirect" title="URSS">sovietic</a> respondèt violentament. De milièrs de païsans foguèron desportats au <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gulag&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gulag (la pagina existís pas)">Gulag</a> e de requisicions massisas de <a href="/wiki/Cereala" title="Cereala">cerealas</a> e de viures aguèron luòc per avitalhar lei <a href="/wiki/Vila" title="Vila">vilas</a>. En <a href="/wiki/1932" class="mw-redirect" title="1932">1932</a>-<a href="/wiki/1933" class="mw-redirect" title="1933">1933</a>, aquò entraïnèt una <a href="/wiki/Famina" title="Famina">famina</a> catastrofica en Ucraïna Orientala (<a href="/wiki/Holodom%C3%B2r" title="Holodomòr">Holodomòr</a>) que causèt la <a href="/wiki/M%C3%B2rt" title="Mòrt">mòrt</a> d'au mens cinc milions d'abitants. Puei, de <a href="/wiki/1934" class="mw-redirect" title="1934">1934</a> a <a href="/wiki/1938" class="mw-redirect" title="1938">1938</a>, leis elèits ucraïnianas foguèron decimadas per lei purgas ordonadas per <a href="/wiki/Estalin" class="mw-redirect" title="Estalin">Estalin</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="La_Segonda_Guèrra_Mondiala"><span id="La_Segonda_Gu.C3.A8rra_Mondiala"></span>La Segonda Guèrra Mondiala</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Modificar la seccion : La Segonda Guèrra Mondiala" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=22" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La Segonda Guèrra Mondiala"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Kiev_Kreschatik_after_liberation_November_1943.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Kiev_Kreschatik_after_liberation_November_1943.jpg/220px-Kiev_Kreschatik_after_liberation_November_1943.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Kiev_Kreschatik_after_liberation_November_1943.jpg/330px-Kiev_Kreschatik_after_liberation_November_1943.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Kiev_Kreschatik_after_liberation_November_1943.jpg/440px-Kiev_Kreschatik_after_liberation_November_1943.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2431" data-file-height="1625" /></a><figcaption>Soudats <a href="/wiki/URSS" class="mw-redirect" title="URSS">sovietics</a> dins lei roïnas de <a href="/wiki/Kiev" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiev">Kiev</a> après la <a href="/wiki/Batalha_de_Kiev_(1943)" class="mw-redirect" title="Batalha de Kiev (1943)">liberacion de la vila</a> en novembre de <a href="/wiki/1943" class="mw-redirect" title="1943">1943</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Durant la <a href="/wiki/Segonda_Gu%C3%A8rra_Mondiala" title="Segonda Guèrra Mondiala">Segonda Guèrra Mondiala</a>, Ucraïna conoguèt tornarmai un periòde fòrça malaisat. En fòra dau conflicte principau en <a href="/wiki/1939" class="mw-redirect" title="1939">1939</a> e en <a href="/wiki/1940" class="mw-redirect" title="1940">1940</a>, l'<a href="/wiki/URSS" class="mw-redirect" title="URSS">URSS</a> aprofichèt inicialament la mobilizacion de <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7a" title="França">França</a>, dau <a href="/wiki/Reialme_Unit" title="Reialme Unit">Reiaume Unit</a> e d'<a href="/wiki/Alemanha" title="Alemanha">Alemanha</a> en Euròpa Occidentala per annexar una partida de <a href="/wiki/Polonha" title="Polonha">Polonha</a> (<a href="/wiki/1939" class="mw-redirect" title="1939">1939</a>) e de <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> (<a href="/wiki/1940" class="mw-redirect" title="1940">1940</a>). L'Ucraïna Sovietica foguèt ansin aumentada de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gal%C3%ADcia_(Eur%C3%B2pa_Orienta)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galícia (Euròpa Orienta) (la pagina existís pas)">Galícia</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Bucovina" title="Bucovina">Bucovina</a> e de la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bassar%C3%A0bia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bassaràbia (la pagina existís pas)">Bassaràbia</a> dau Sud. Pasmens, en <a href="/wiki/1941" class="mw-redirect" title="1941">1941</a>-<a href="/wiki/1942" class="mw-redirect" title="1942">1942</a>, foguèt rapidament conquistada per lei fòrças <a href="/wiki/Alemanha" title="Alemanha">alemanda</a> e <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">romanesa</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> i recuperèt <a href="/wiki/Bucovina" title="Bucovina">Bucovina</a> e <a href="/wiki/Bessar%C3%A0bia" title="Bessaràbia">Bessaràbia</a> e apondiguèt a aquelei conquistas la region de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Transnitria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transnitria (la pagina existís pas)">Transnitria</a>, compres lo <a href="/wiki/P%C3%B2rt" class="mw-disambig" title="Pòrt">pòrt</a> d'<a href="/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa">Odessa</a>. Lo rèsta foguèt integrat au sen d'un territòri militar <a href="/wiki/Alemanha" title="Alemanha">alemand</a> que sa direccion èra installada a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rovno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rovno (la pagina existís pas)">Rovno</a>. En <a href="/wiki/1942" class="mw-redirect" title="1942">1942</a>, leis <i><a href="/wiki/Einsatzgruppen" title="Einsatzgruppen">Einsatzgruppen</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Alemanha" title="Alemanha">alemands</a> liquidèron lei populacions <a href="/wiki/Juda%C3%AFsme" title="Judaïsme">judievas</a>. Quant ai populacions eslavas, subiguèron lei requisicions de man d'òbra transferida dins de camps de trabalh, e de còps dins de camps de concentracion, alemands. Certaneis Ucraïnians s'engatjèron tanben dins la guèrra dins lo camp dau <a href="/wiki/Tresen_Reich" title="Tresen Reich">Reich</a>. Se destrièron en particular dins la traca dei <a href="/wiki/Juda%C3%AFsme" title="Judaïsme">judieus</a> e coma gardians dei <a href="/wiki/Olocaust" title="Olocaust">camps d'exterminacion</a>. Enfin, en<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vol%C3%ADnia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Volínia (la pagina existís pas)">Volínia</a>, se formèt un movement independentista ostil ais Alemands e ai Sovietics. Dirigit per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stepan_Bandera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stepan Bandera (la pagina existís pas)">Stepan Bandera</a>, foguèt durament reprimit mai capitèt de combatre fins ais annadas 1950. </p><p>Ucraïna foguèt liberada per l'Armada Sovietica après una tiera de batalhas <a href="/wiki/Sang" title="Sang">saunosas</a> (<a href="/wiki/Batalha_de_Dniepr" class="mw-redirect" title="Batalha de Dniepr">batalha de Dnièpre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ofensiva_Dni%C3%A8pre-Carpats" title="Ofensiva Dnièpre-Carpats">ofensiva Dnièpre-Carpats</a>... etc.) entre aost de <a href="/wiki/1943" class="mw-redirect" title="1943">1943</a> a julhet de <a href="/wiki/1944" class="mw-redirect" title="1944">1944</a>. Dins lo corrent de sa retirada, l'armada <a href="/wiki/Alemanha" title="Alemanha">alemand</a> destruguèt metodicament lei vilas principalas e leis infrastructuras. Consequéncia deis actes de collaboracion reaus ò supausats amb leis Alemands, plusors pòbles locaus coma leis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alemands_de_la_Mar_Negra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alemands de la Mar Negra (la pagina existís pas)">Alemands de la Mar Negra</a> (tre <a href="/wiki/1941" class="mw-redirect" title="1941">1941</a>) ò lei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tatars_de_Crim%C3%A8a&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tatars de Crimèa (la pagina existís pas)">Tatars de Crimèa</a> foguèron desportats en <a href="/wiki/Asia_Centrala" title="Asia Centrala">Asia Centrala</a> ò en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sib%C3%A8ria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sibèria (la pagina existís pas)">Sibèria</a>. L'estatut d'autonòmia de <a href="/wiki/Crim%C3%A8a" title="Crimèa">Crimèa</a> au sen de la Russia Sovietica foguèt tanben suprimit. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="De_1945_a_l'independéncia"><span id="De_1945_a_l.27independ.C3.A9ncia"></span>De 1945 a l'independéncia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Modificar la seccion : De 1945 a l'independéncia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=23" title="Edita el codi de la secció: De 1945 a l'independéncia"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A l'eissida de la guèrra, leis annexions territòrialas <a href="/wiki/URSS" class="mw-redirect" title="URSS">sovieticas</a> e lei transferiments de populacions entre <a href="/wiki/Polonha" title="Polonha">Polonha</a> e <a href="/wiki/URSS" class="mw-redirect" title="URSS">URSS</a> permetèron per lo premier còp de reünir totei leis Ucraïnians au sen d'un meteis <a href="/wiki/Estat" title="Estat">estat</a>. D'efèct, en fòra dei territòris ja sovietics avans <a href="/wiki/1941" class="mw-redirect" title="1941">1941</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mosc%C3%B2u" title="Moscòu">Moscòu</a> annexèt lei territòris <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">romanés</a> e <a href="/wiki/Checoslovaquia" title="Checoslovaquia">checoslovacs</a> poblats d'Ucraïnians. Puei, un milion d'Ucraïnians installats dins la region polonesa de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chelm&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chelm (la pagina existís pas)">Chelm</a> foguèron transferits en cambi d'un transferiment invèrs de Polonés installats en Ucraïna Occidentala. Aquò permetèt la question dei minoritats etnicas entre lei dos país. Ucraïna faguèt tanben oficialament partida dei país fondators de l'<a href="/wiki/ONU" class="mw-redirect" title="ONU">ONU</a>. </p><p>Pasmens, dins lo país, lei condicions de vida demorèron malaisadas e una famina novèla se debanèt en <a href="/wiki/1947" class="mw-redirect" title="1947">1947</a>. S'agravèron egalament amb la repression decidida per <a href="/wiki/Estalin" class="mw-redirect" title="Estalin">Estalin</a> còntra lei « collaborators », es a dire lo <a href="/wiki/Clergat" title="Clergat">clergat</a> e lei <a href="/wiki/Nacionalisme" title="Nacionalisme">nacionalistas</a>. La situacion se melhorèt amb la <a href="/wiki/M%C3%B2rt" title="Mòrt">mòrt</a> d'<a href="/wiki/Estalin" class="mw-redirect" title="Estalin">Estalin</a> e son remplaçament per <a href="/wiki/Nikita_Khrushchov" title="Nikita Khrushchov">Nikita Khrushchov</a> qu'èra ucraïnian. Fònt de problemas ulteriors grèus, decidèt de restacar <a href="/wiki/Crim%C3%A8a" title="Crimèa">Crimèa</a> a la Republica Sovietica d'Ucraïna en <a href="/wiki/1954" class="mw-redirect" title="1954">1954</a>. Pasmens, la liberalizacion relativa de la societat sovietica sota Khrushchov permetèt de liberar un nombre important de presoniers politics e autorizèt l'adopcion de certanei politicas nacionalas per leis autoritats de <a href="/wiki/Kiev" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiev">Kiev</a>. Aquela politica foguèt limitada per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonid_Brejnev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leonid Brejnev (la pagina existís pas)">Leonid Brejnev</a> qu'ordonèt en <a href="/wiki/1972" class="mw-redirect" title="1972">1972</a> la destitucion dau premier secretari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Petro_Chelest&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petro Chelest (la pagina existís pas)">Petro Chelest</a> sospichat de defendre un <a href="/wiki/Nacionalisme" title="Nacionalisme">nacionalisme</a> ucraïnian tròp engatjat. Lo remplacèt per lo conservador <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Chtcherbitski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vladimir Chtcherbitski (la pagina existís pas)">Vladimir Chtcherbitski</a> que demorèt en plaça fins a <a href="/wiki/1989" title="1989">1989</a>. </p><p>A partir de <a href="/wiki/1988" title="1988">1988</a>, la politica de <i>perestroika</i> de <a href="/wiki/Mikha%C3%AFl_Gorbachov" title="Mikhaïl Gorbachov">Mikhaïl Gorbachov</a> favorizèt la renaissença de movements intellectuaus independentistas, especialament dins lei regions occidentalas e centralas. En genier de <a href="/wiki/1990" title="1990">1990</a>, de manifestacions fòrça importantas celebrèron la remembrança de l'independéncia de <a href="/wiki/1918" class="mw-redirect" title="1918">1918</a> amb una cadena umana de 500 quilomètres. Pus grèu, lo poderós sindicat de l'industria miniera de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Donbass&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Donbass (la pagina existís pas)">Donbass</a> acomencèt una grèva basada sus de revendicacions <a href="/wiki/Democracia" title="Democracia">democraticas</a> e <a href="/wiki/Independ%C3%A9ncia" title="Independéncia">independentistas</a> a partir de julhet de <a href="/wiki/1989" title="1989">1989</a>. Un movement politic dich <i>Rokh</i> (Movement popular ucraïnian de restructuracion), fondat en <a href="/wiki/1988" title="1988">1988</a>, federèt lei manifestacions. </p><p>En julhet de <a href="/wiki/1990" title="1990">1990</a>, un mes après <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, Ucraïna proclamèt sa <a href="/wiki/Sobeiranetat" title="Sobeiranetat">sobeiranetat</a> e un èx-cap dau Partit Comunista, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonid_Kravchouk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leonid Kravchouk (la pagina existís pas)">Leonid Kravchouk</a> foguèt elegit president dau Soviet suprèm. Pasmens, en març de <a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991</a>, una majoritat d'Ucraïnians aprovèt lo projècte d'union renovada prepausat per <a href="/wiki/Mikha%C3%AFl_Gorbachov" title="Mikhaïl Gorbachov">Gorbachov</a> mai la temptativa de còp d'estat menat per lei conservadors dau PCUS dins lo corrent d'aost de <a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991</a> precipitèt la situacion. Lo 24 d'aost, Ucraïna proclamèt son <a href="/wiki/Independ%C3%A9ncia" title="Independéncia">independéncia</a> confirmada per un <a href="/wiki/Referendum" title="Referendum">referendum</a> (aperaquí 90% de vòtes favorables) organizat lo 1<sup>èr</sup> de decembre seguent. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonid_Kravchouk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leonid Kravchouk (la pagina existís pas)">Kravchouk</a> foguèt elegit president de la Republica, còntra lo candidat dau <i>Roukh</i>, e participèt amb seis omològs rus e bielorús a la dissolucion de l'<a href="/wiki/URSS" class="mw-redirect" title="URSS">URSS</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="L'Ucraïna_independenta"><span id="L.27Ucra.C3.AFna_independenta"></span>L'Ucraïna independenta</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Modificar la seccion : L'Ucraïna independenta" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=24" title="Edita el codi de la secció: L'Ucraïna independenta"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lei_dificultats_de_l'independéncia"><span id="Lei_dificultats_de_l.27independ.C3.A9ncia"></span>Lei dificultats de l'independéncia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Modificar la seccion : Lei dificultats de l'independéncia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=25" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Lei dificultats de l'independéncia"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Ucra%C3%AFna_-_Resultats_eleccions_presidencialas_2010.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Ucra%C3%AFna_-_Resultats_eleccions_presidencialas_2010.png/220px-Ucra%C3%AFna_-_Resultats_eleccions_presidencialas_2010.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Ucra%C3%AFna_-_Resultats_eleccions_presidencialas_2010.png/330px-Ucra%C3%AFna_-_Resultats_eleccions_presidencialas_2010.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Ucra%C3%AFna_-_Resultats_eleccions_presidencialas_2010.png/440px-Ucra%C3%AFna_-_Resultats_eleccions_presidencialas_2010.png 2x" data-file-width="972" data-file-height="644" /></a><figcaption>Exemple de la polarizacion de la vida politica ucraïniana entre l'èst e l'oèst (eleccions presidencialas de 2010).</figcaption></figure> <p>En despiech de son industria pesuca e de sei ressorsas naturalas importantas, Ucraïna conoguèt de dificultats grèvas tre son <a href="/wiki/Independ%C3%A9ncia" title="Independéncia">independéncia</a>. En particular, son economia s'afondrèt rapidament amb una regression de l'industria e una <a href="/wiki/Inflacion" title="Inflacion">inflacion</a> galaupanta. Per limitar la catastròfa, lo govèrn ucraïnian decidèt donc de limitar la liberalizacion de l'economia e lei privatizacions. Pasmens, aquò empachèt pas una grèva importanta dei minaires en <a href="/wiki/1993" title="1993">1993</a>. </p><p>Autre problema important, lei relacions amb <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> venguèron rapidament malaisadas a prepaus dei questions de la flòta militara sovietica de la <a href="/wiki/Mar_Negra" title="Mar Negra">Mar Negra</a> e de l'estatut de <a href="/wiki/Crim%C3%A8a" title="Crimèa">Crimèa</a>. Afeblida, Ucraïna poguèt pas impausar son ponch de vista. Lei Rus obtenguèron la màger part de la flòta e lo drech d'utilizar la basa de <a href="/wiki/Sebast%C3%B2ple" title="Sebastòple">Sebastòple</a>. En mai d'aquò, sota la pression deis <a href="/wiki/USA" class="mw-redirect" title="USA">Estats Units</a> e de <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kyiv" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyiv">Kyiiv</a> deguèt tanben renonciar a son arsenau <a href="/wiki/Arma_nucleara" title="Arma nucleara">nuclear</a> (eiretat de l'URSS) que foguèt transferit en <a href="/wiki/URSS" class="mw-redirect" title="URSS">URSS</a>. En cambi, obtenguèt una ajuda financiera estatsunidenc e una assegurança regardant lo mantenement de sei <a href="/wiki/Frontiera" title="Frontiera">frontieras</a>. </p><p>Enfin, lo país aguèt de dificultats per afirmar son unitat nacionala. En particular, de diferéncias politicas importantas apareguèron entre l'<a href="/wiki/O%C3%A8st" title="Oèst">oèst</a> e lo centre desirós de s'integrar au sen de l'<a href="/wiki/Union_Europ%C3%A8a" title="Union Europèa">Union Europèa</a> e l'<a href="/wiki/%C3%88st" title="Èst">èst</a> e lo <a href="/wiki/Sud" title="Sud">sud</a> pus favorables au mantement de relacions privilegiadas amb <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>. Aquela separacion, basada sus de rasons etnicas (mai de Rus dins l'èst dau país), economicas (l'industria orientala èra integrada au sen dau complèx industria sovietic largament demorat en Russia) e politicas (leis elèits orientalas son sovent eissits de l'ancian poder sovietic), estructurèt rapidament la vida politica nacionala. Ansin, en març-abriu <a href="/wiki/1994" title="1994">1994</a>, lo <i>Roulh</i> ganhèt leis eleccions legislativas a l'oèst mai lei candidats de l'ancian regime s'impausèron dins l'èst e obtenguèron una pichona majoritat au Parlament. La meteissa situacion se debanèt en junh per l'eleccion presidenciala que veguèt la victòria de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonid_Koutchma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leonid Koutchma (la pagina existís pas)">Leonid Koutchma</a> (52%) que trionfèt dins l'èst. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="La_presidéncia_Koutchma"><span id="La_presid.C3.A9ncia_Koutchma"></span>La presidéncia Koutchma</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=26" title="Modificar la seccion : La presidéncia Koutchma" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=26" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La presidéncia Koutchma"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La presidéncia de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonid_Koutchma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leonid Koutchma (la pagina existís pas)">Leonid Koutchma</a> (<a href="/wiki/1994" title="1994">1994</a>-<a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004</a>) foguèt marcada per una liberalizacion limitada, un desvolopament de l'economia tardiu, divèrseis escandòls e un autoritarisme mai e mai important. D'efèct, durant son premier, adoptèt una politica liberala d'austeritat conjugada amb de privatizacions mai deguèt tenir còmpte deis interès de l'industria miniera (grèva de <a href="/wiki/1996" title="1996">1996</a>). Pasmens, lo declin economic acomencèt d'èsser limitat per lo desvolopament de l'economia informala. Puei, en <a href="/wiki/1996" title="1996">1996</a>, lo president obtenguèt lo vòte d'una <a href="/wiki/Lei" title="Lei">lèi</a> renfòrçant lo <a href="/wiki/Poder_executiu" title="Poder executiu">poder executiu</a>. Elegit tornarmai en <a href="/wiki/1999" title="1999">1999</a> (56%), son segond mandat foguèt tocat per d'escandòls de corrupcion e de disparicions de jornalistas e per l'acomençament d'una represa economica a partir de <a href="/wiki/2000" title="2000">2000</a>. Aquò l'afebliguèt e la fin de sa presidéncia prenguèt un aspèct autoritari. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="La_Revolucion_Arange_e_sei_decepcions">La Revolucion Arange e sei decepcions</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=27" title="Modificar la seccion : La Revolucion Arange e sei decepcions" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=27" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La Revolucion Arange e sei decepcions"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Enebit d'un tresen mandat per la <a href="/wiki/Constitucion" title="Constitucion">constitucion</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonid_Kotchma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leonid Kotchma (la pagina existís pas)">Leonid Kotchma</a> poguèt pas se presentar a l'eleccion presidenciala de <a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004</a>. L'escrutinh opausèt <a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADktor_Ianok%C3%B2vych" title="Víktor Ianokòvych">Víktor Ianokòvych</a>, un oligarca de l'èst, a <a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADktor_Ioshchenko" title="Víktor Ioshchenko">Víktor Ioshchenko</a>, un economista sostengut per l'oèst. En causa de fraudas, lei resultats dau segond torn foguèron fòrça contestats per lei partisans d'Iochtchenko qu'adoptèron la <a href="/wiki/Color" title="Color">color</a> arange coma simbòl. Après una lònga crisi, obtenguèron contentament e un tresen torn donèt la victòria a son candidat (56%). Pasmens, lei venceires de la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolucion_Arange&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Revolucion Arange (la pagina existís pas)">Revolucion Arange</a> se devesiguèron rapidament entre elei e mau capitèron de dispausar d'una majoritat parlamentària. En <a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>, perdiguèron leis eleccions legislativas e <a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADktor_Ianok%C3%B2vych" title="Víktor Ianokòvych">Víktor Ianokòvych</a> foguèt ansin nommat cap dau govèrn. Iochtchenko assaièt sensa succès de dissòuvre lo Parlament e <a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADktor_Ianok%C3%B2vych" title="Víktor Ianokòvych"> Ianokòvych</a> ganhèt l'eleccion presidenciala de <a href="/wiki/2010" class="mw-redirect" title="2010">2010</a>. Aqueu periòde veguèt la perseguida de la represa economica, sostenguda per la demanda <a href="/wiki/Republica_Populara_de_China" title="Republica Populara de China">chinesa</a>, mai veguèt egalament l'agravament dei tensions interioras èst-oèst e de retards dins la modernizacion de l'economia e de l'administracion, fòrça corrompudas, dau país. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="La_crisi_de_2014_e_la_guèrra_civila_dins_l'èst"><span id="La_crisi_de_2014_e_la_gu.C3.A8rra_civila_dins_l.27.C3.A8st"></span>La crisi de 2014 e la guèrra civila dins l'èst</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=28" title="Modificar la seccion : La crisi de 2014 e la guèrra civila dins l'èst" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=28" title="Edita el codi de la secció: La crisi de 2014 e la guèrra civila dins l'èst"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dins lo corrent deis annadas 2010, <a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADktor_Ianok%C3%B2vych" title="Víktor Ianokòvych">Víktor Ianokòvych</a> assaièt de mantenir un equilibri precari entre <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> e <a href="/wiki/Union_Europ%C3%A8a" title="Union Europèa">Union Europèa</a>. Pasmens, en <a href="/wiki/2013" class="mw-redirect" title="2013">2013</a>, la conclusion pròcha d'un acòrd d'associacion amb l'UE entraïnèt de pressions importantas sus <a href="/wiki/Kyiv" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyiv">Kyiiv</a> de part de <a href="/wiki/Mosc%C3%B2u" title="Moscòu">Moscòu</a>. En novembre de <a href="/wiki/2013" class="mw-redirect" title="2013">2013</a>, lo govèrn ucraïnian chausiguèt finalament d'abandonar son projècte d'acòrd amb <a href="/wiki/Bruss%C3%A8las" title="Brussèlas">Brussèlas</a> au profiech d'un raprochament amb <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>. Populara a l'èst, aquela decision entraïnèt de manifestacions majoras a <a href="/wiki/Kyiv" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyiv">Kyiiv</a> e dins l'oèst (veire <a href="/wiki/EuroMaidan" title="EuroMaidan">EuroMaidan</a>). Après quatre mes de crisi, lo Parlament votèt finalament la destitucion dau president lo 22 de febrier que s'enfugiguèt a l'èst. Puei, lo 27 de junh de <a href="/wiki/2014" class="mw-redirect" title="2014">2014</a>, lo novèu president <a href="/wiki/Petr%C3%B2_Poroshenko" title="Petrò Poroshenko">Petrò Poroshenko</a> signèt un acòrd comerciau amb l'UE. </p> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Crisi_de_Crim%C3%A8a&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crisi de Crimèa (la pagina existís pas)">Crisi de Crimèa</a>.</div> <p>Pasmens, aquò entraïnèt doas crisis grèvas en <a href="/wiki/Crim%C3%A8a" title="Crimèa">Crimèa</a> e dins lei regions pus orientalas dau país. Premier, en <a href="/wiki/Crim%C3%A8a" title="Crimèa">Crimèa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> refusèt de perdre lo contraròtle d'una region estrategica e poblada en majoritat de populacions russas. Dau 26 de febrier au 28 de març, de soudats rus ocupèron aisidament la region e un referendum organizada per leis autoritats prorussas proclamèt l'<a href="/wiki/Independ%C3%A9ncia" title="Independéncia">independéncia</a> de <a href="/wiki/Crim%C3%A8a" title="Crimèa">Crimèa</a> que demandèt e obtenguèt son intrada au sen de la <a href="/wiki/Federacion_de_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Federacion de Russia">Federacion de Russia</a>. Aquela annexion es pas reconeguda per la comunautat internacionala e Ucraïna revendica totjorn oficialament la peninsula. </p> <div class="bandeau-section bandeau-niveau-detail loupe">Article detalhat: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gu%C3%A8rra_de_Donbass&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guèrra de Donbass (la pagina existís pas)">Guèrra de Donbass</a>.</div> <p>L'autra crisi acomencèt d'un biais simultanèu a la fin de febrier de <a href="/wiki/2014" class="mw-redirect" title="2014">2014</a> amb plusors manifestacions de sostèn au president <a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADktor_Ianok%C3%B2vych" title="Víktor Ianokòvych">Víktor Ianokòvych</a> dins lei principalei <a href="/wiki/Vila" title="Vila">vilas</a> dau <a href="/wiki/Sud" title="Sud">sud</a> e de l'<a href="/wiki/%C3%88st" title="Èst">èst</a> (<a href="/wiki/Donetsk" class="mw-redirect" title="Donetsk">Donetsk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kramatorsk" title="Kramatorsk">Kramatorsk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luhansk" title="Luhansk">Luhansk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mariupol" class="mw-redirect" title="Mariupol">Mariupol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kh%C3%A0rkiv" class="mw-redirect" title="Khàrkiv">Khàrkiv</a>, <a href="/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa">Odessa</a>... etc.). A partir d'abriu, prenguèron una forma insureccionala dins la region de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Donbass&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Donbass (la pagina existís pas)">Donbass</a> e se formèt una armada separatista. Lei 7 e 11 d'abriu, lei regions de Donetsk e de Lougansk proclamèron son <a href="/wiki/Independ%C3%A9ncia" title="Independéncia">independéncia</a>. L'armada ucraïniana intervenguèt dins aquelei regions a partir dau 2 de mai. Avancèt fins au mes de julhet e a l'arribada de « volontaris » rus mandats per <a href="/wiki/Mosc%C3%B2u" title="Moscòu">Moscòu</a> per sostenir leis insurgents. A partir d'aost, leis Ucraïnians deguèron a son torn recular fins a la signatura d'una alta-au-fuòc en setembre. Foguèt rapidament rompuda e de combats novèus s'acabèron per una tiera de desfachas ucraïnianas avans la signatura d'una segonda <a href="/wiki/Alta-au-fu%C3%B2c" title="Alta-au-fuòc">alta-au-fuòc</a>, fòrça precària, lo 12 de febrier de <a href="/wiki/2015" class="mw-redirect" title="2015">2015</a>. En abriu de 2015, aquela guèrra aviá causat la mòrt d'aperaquí 6 100 personas e lo desplaçament de 500 000 refugiats. Plusors vilas de l'èst, especialament <a href="/wiki/Donetsk" class="mw-redirect" title="Donetsk">Donetsk</a>, an subit de destruccions importantas e l'economia ucraïniana s'es afondrada. En mai d'aquò, Kiev dèu menar de reformas economicas importantas en cambi de prèsts de l'UE e dau <a href="/wiki/FMI" class="mw-redirect" title="FMI">FMI</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultura">Cultura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=29" title="Modificar la seccion : Cultura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=29" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Cultura"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Liames_intèrnes"><span id="Liames_int.C3.A8rnes"></span>Liames intèrnes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=30" title="Modificar la seccion : Liames intèrnes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=30" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Liames intèrnes"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Partenariat_Oriental" title="Partenariat Oriental">Partenariat Oriental</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=31" title="Modificar la seccion : Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=31" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Bibliografia"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nòtas_e_referéncias"><span id="N.C3.B2tas_e_refer.C3.A9ncias"></span>Nòtas e referéncias</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&veaction=edit&section=32" title="Modificar la seccion : Nòtas e referéncias" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ucra%C3%AFna&action=edit&section=32" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Nòtas e referéncias"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151223140229/http://voyage.idealo.fr/pays/Ukraine-UA/">https://web.archive.org/web/20151223140229/http://voyage.idealo.fr/pays/Ukraine-UA/</a>.</span> </li> </ol> <div class="noprint wikiligam_alternatiu" style="clear:right; float:right;margin:0 0 1em 1em;width:250px;border:solid #AAAAAA 1px; background:#f9f9f9;padding:0px;font-size:90%;text-align:left;"> <table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" style="background-color:transparent"> <tbody><tr valign="middle"> <td style="line-height:50px;vertical-align:middle;position:relative" align="center" valign="middle"> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/" title="commons:"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/50px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/75px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/100px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> </p> </td> <td valign="middle"> <p><span class="plainlinks"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> prepausa de documents multimèdia liures sus <b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ukraine?uselang=oc">Ucraïna</a></b>.</span> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <table class="navbox collapsible noprint autocollapse" data-autocollapse-group="paleta" style=""> <tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style=""><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand nowrap tnavbar" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:#000000;"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8l:Paleta_Pa%C3%AFses_d%27Eur%C3%B2pa_(COE)" title="Modèl:Paleta Païses d'Euròpa (COE)"><abbr class="abbr" title="Veire aqueste modèl.">v</abbr></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8l:Paleta_Pa%C3%AFses_d%27Eur%C3%B2pa_(COE)&action=edit"><abbr class="abbr" title="Modificar aqueste modèl. Mercé de previsualizar abans de salvar.">m</abbr></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:Flag_of_Europe.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bandièra: Euròpa"><img alt="Bandièra: Euròpa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/55px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="37" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/83px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/110px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></span> Païses d’Euròpa</span></th> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/Union_Europ%C3%A8a" title="Union Europèa"><span style="background-color: #003399; color: #FFCC00;">Union Europèa</span></a><br /><small>(27 membres)</small></th> <td class="navbox-list" style="background:#f7f8ff"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alemanha" title="Alemanha">Alemanha</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C3%80ustria" title="Àustria">Àustria</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Belgica" title="Belgica">Belgica</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chipre" title="Chipre">Chipre</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cro%C3%A0cia" title="Croàcia">Croàcia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Danemarc" title="Danemarc">Danemarc</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eslovaquia" title="Eslovaquia">Eslovaquia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eslov%C3%A8nia" title="Eslovènia">Eslovènia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Espanha" title="Espanha">Espanha</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Est%C3%B2nia" title="Estònia">Estònia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Finl%C3%A0ndia" title="Finlàndia">Finlàndia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7a" title="França">França</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A8cia" title="Grècia">Grècia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Irlanda_(pa%C3%ADs)" class="mw-redirect" title="Irlanda (país)">Irlanda</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/It%C3%A0lia" title="Itàlia">Itàlia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Let%C3%B2nia" title="Letònia">Letònia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Litu%C3%A0nia" title="Lituània">Lituània</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Luxemborg_(pa%C3%ADs)" class="mw-redirect" title="Luxemborg (país)">Luxemborg</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ongria" title="Ongria">Ongria</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pa%C3%AFses_Basses" title="Païses Basses">Païses Basses</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Polonha" title="Polonha">Polonha</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Republica_Ch%C3%A8ca" title="Republica Chèca">Republica Chèca</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Su%C3%A8cia" title="Suècia">Suècia</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/Associacion_Europ%C3%A8a_de_Liure_Escambi" title="Associacion Europèa de Liure Escambi"><span style="background-color: #003399; color: #FFCC00;">Associacion Europèa de Liure Escambi</span></a><br /><small>(4 membres)</small></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="background:#ECECFF"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Isl%C3%A0ndia" title="Islàndia">Islàndia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein" title="Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Norv%C3%A8gia" title="Norvègia">Norvègia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/So%C3%AFssa" title="Soïssa">Soïssa</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ac%C3%B2rdi_de_Liure_Escambi_Centreurop%C3%A8u&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acòrdi de Liure Escambi Centreuropèu (la pagina existís pas)"><span style="background-color: #003399; color: #FFCC00;">Acòrdi de Liure Escambi Centreuropèu</span></a><br /><small>(6 membres)</small></th> <td class="navbox-list" style="background:#f7f8ff"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/B%C3%B2snia_e_Ercegovina" title="Bòsnia e Ercegovina">Bòsnia e Ercegovina</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maced%C3%B2nia_del_N%C3%B2rd" title="Macedònia del Nòrd">Macedònia del Nòrd</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mold%C3%A0via_(estat)" title="Moldàvia (estat)">Moldàvia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="">Los autres Estats europèus<br /><small>(o Estats qu'una partida n'es en Euròpa)</small></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="background:#ECECFF"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/And%C3%B2rra" title="Andòrra">Andòrra</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Azerbaitjan" title="Azerbaitjan">Azerbaitjan</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bielorussia" title="Bielorussia">Bielorussia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cazacstan" title="Cazacstan">Cazacstan</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(Cauc%C3%A0s)" title="Georgia (Caucàs)">Georgia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/M%C3%B3negue" title="Mónegue">Mónegue</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Reialme_Unit" title="Reialme Unit">Reialme Unit</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sant_Marin" title="Sant Marin">Sant Marin</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Turquia" title="Turquia">Turquia</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ucraïna</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vatican" title="Vatican">Vatican</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="">Los autres territòris europèus<br /><small>(dependéncias o estat de la reconeissença parciala)</small></th> <td class="navbox-list" style="background:#f7f8ff"> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C3%85land" title="Åland">Åland</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chipre_del_N%C3%B2rd" title="Chipre del Nòrd">Chipre del Nòrd</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Coss%C3%B2va_del_N%C3%B2rd" title="Cossòva del Nòrd">Cossòva del Nòrd</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gibartar" title="Gibartar">Gibartar</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Illa_de_Man" title="Illa de Man">Illa de Man</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Illas_Fer%C3%B2e" title="Illas Feròe">Illas Feròe</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Illas_Normandas" title="Illas Normandas">Illas Normandas</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kosova" title="Kosova">Kosova</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Transn%C3%ADstria" title="Transnístria">Transnístria</a></span></td> </tr> </tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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