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Rumex hymenosepalus - Wikipedia
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Available in 8 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-8" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">8 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumex_hymenosepalus" title="Rumex hymenosepalus – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Rumex hymenosepalus" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumex_hymenosepalus" title="Rumex hymenosepalus – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Rumex hymenosepalus" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C4%85%C4%85t%CA%BCinii" title="Chąątʼinii – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Chąątʼinii" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumex_hymenosepalus" title="Rumex hymenosepalus – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Rumex hymenosepalus" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumex_hymenosepalus" title="Rumex hymenosepalus – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rumex hymenosepalus" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumex_hymenosepalus" title="Rumex hymenosepalus – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Rumex hymenosepalus" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumex_hymenosepalus" title="Rumex hymenosepalus – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Rumex hymenosepalus" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumex_hymenosepalus" title="Rumex hymenosepalus – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Rumex hymenosepalus" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2716783#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li 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biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><i>Rumex hymenosepalus</i> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Rumex_hymenosepalus_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Rumex_hymenosepalus_2.jpg/220px-Rumex_hymenosepalus_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="292" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Rumex_hymenosepalus_2.jpg/330px-Rumex_hymenosepalus_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Rumex_hymenosepalus_2.jpg/440px-Rumex_hymenosepalus_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1326" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"> <th colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Conservation_status" title="Conservation status">Conservation status</a></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Status_TNC_G5.svg/220px-Status_TNC_G5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Status_TNC_G5.svg/330px-Status_TNC_G5.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Status_TNC_G5.svg/440px-Status_TNC_G5.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="64" /></span></span><br />Secure <small> (<a href="/wiki/NatureServe_conservation_status" title="NatureServe conservation status">NatureServe</a>)</small></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Rumex" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">Plantae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vascular_plant" title="Vascular plant">Tracheophytes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Flowering_plant" title="Flowering plant">Angiosperms</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eudicots" title="Eudicots">Eudicots</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Caryophyllales" title="Caryophyllales">Caryophyllales</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Polygonaceae" title="Polygonaceae">Polygonaceae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rumex" title="Rumex"><i>Rumex</i></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Species: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="species"><i><b>R. hymenosepalus</b></i></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">Binomial name</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b><span class="binomial"><span style="font-weight:normal;"></span><i>Rumex hymenosepalus</i></span></b><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/John_Torrey" title="John Torrey">Torr.</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Synonym_(taxonomy)" title="Synonym (taxonomy)">Synonyms</a><sup id="cite_ref-fna_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fna-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <p><i>Rumex arizonicus</i><br /> <i>Rumex hymenosepalus</i> var. <i>salinus</i><br /><i>Rumex salinus</i><br /><i>Rumex saxei</i> </p> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p><i><b>Rumex hymenosepalus</b></i>, commonly known as <b>canaigre</b>, <b>canaigre dock</b>, <b>ganagra</b>, <b>wild rhubarb</b>, <b>Arizona dock</b>, and <b>tanner's dock</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a <a href="/wiki/Perennial_plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Perennial plant">perennial</a> <a href="/wiki/Flowering_plant" title="Flowering plant">flowering plant</a> which is native to the <a href="/wiki/North_American_deserts" class="mw-redirect" title="North American deserts">North American deserts</a> in the southwestern <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> and northern <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>. It is a common food plant of the <a href="/wiki/Lycaena_rubidus" title="Lycaena rubidus">ruddy copper</a> larvae.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uses">Uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumex_hymenosepalus&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It has been cultivated in the southwestern United States for the roots, a good source of <a href="/wiki/Tannin" title="Tannin">tannin</a>, which is used in <a href="/wiki/Tanning_(leather)" title="Tanning (leather)">leather tanning</a>. It also yields a warm, medium brown dye.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The leaves and leaf stalks are considered edible when young, the older leaf stalks cooked and eaten like <a href="/wiki/Rhubarb" title="Rhubarb">rhubarb</a>, which is in the same plant family.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taxonomy">Taxonomy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumex_hymenosepalus&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Taxonomy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Rumex hymenosepalus</i> was first described by American <a href="/wiki/Botanist" class="mw-redirect" title="Botanist">botanist</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Torrey" title="John Torrey">John Torrey</a> in the Report on the United States and Mexican Boundary in 1859.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Synonyms</dt></dl> <ul><li><i>Rumex arizonicus</i> Britton</li> <li><i>Rumex salinus</i> A. Nelson</li> <li><i>Rumex hymenosepalus</i> var. <i>salinus</i> (A. Nelson) Rech.</li> <li><i>Rumex saxei</i> nom. nudum. UNAM</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumex_hymenosepalus&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-fna-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-fna_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=250060783"><i>Rumex hymenosepalus</i>.</a> Flora of North America.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=32535">"<i>Rumex hymenosepalus</i>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">Germplasm Resources Information Network</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Agricultural_Research_Service" title="Agricultural Research Service">Agricultural Research Service</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" title="United States Department of Agriculture">United States Department of Agriculture</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Germplasm+Resources+Information+Network&rft.atitle=Rumex+hymenosepalus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnpgsweb.ars-grin.gov%2Fgringlobal%2Ftaxonomydetail.aspx%3Fid%3D32535&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARumex+hymenosepalus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWarren" class="citation journal cs1">Warren, Andrew. "Butterflies of Oregon Their Taxonomy, Distribution, and Biology". <i>Lepidoptera of North America</i>. <b>6</b>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lepidoptera+of+North+America&rft.atitle=Butterflies+of+Oregon+Their+Taxonomy%2C+Distribution%2C+and+Biology&rft.volume=6&rft.aulast=Warren&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARumex+hymenosepalus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.drugs.com/npp/canaigre.html">Canaigre.</a> drugs.com</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">American Indian Cooking: Recipes from the Southwest, Carolyn Niethammer</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Torrey, J. 1859. Report on the United States and Mexican Boundary. Botany 2(1): 177–178. 1859.1</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumex_hymenosepalus&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has the text of the 1905 <i><a href="/wiki/New_International_Encyclopedia" class="mw-redirect" title="New International Encyclopedia">New International Encyclopedia</a></i> article "<b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_New_International_Encyclop%C3%A6dia/Canaigre" class="extiw" title="s:The New International Encyclopædia/Canaigre">Canaigre</a></b>".</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Rumex_hymenosepalus" class="extiw" title="commons:Rumex hymenosepalus">Rumex hymenosepalus</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Rumex+hymenosepalus">"Rumex hymenosepalus"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Plants_for_a_Future" title="Plants for a Future">Plants for a Future</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Plants+for+a+Future&rft.atitle=Rumex+hymenosepalus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpfaf.org%2Fuser%2FPlant.aspx%3FLatinName%3DRumex%2Bhymenosepalus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARumex+hymenosepalus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.calflora.org/cgi-bin/species_query.cgi?where-calrecnum=7217">"Rumex hymenosepalus"</a>. <i>Calflora</i>. Berkeley, California: The Calflora Database.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Rumex+hymenosepalus&rft.btitle=Calflora&rft.place=Berkeley%2C+California&rft.pub=The+Calflora+Database&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.calflora.org%2Fcgi-bin%2Fspecies_query.cgi%3Fwhere-calrecnum%3D7217&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARumex+hymenosepalus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://calphotos.berkeley.edu/cgi/img_query?where-taxon=Rumex+hymenosepalus"><i>Rumex hymenosepalus</i></a> in the <a href="/wiki/CalPhotos" title="CalPhotos">CalPhotos</a> photo database, <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=42399">The Jepson Manual eFlora (TJM2) treatment of <i>Rumex 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a 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href="/wiki/Condensed_tannin" title="Condensed tannin">condensed tannins</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Areca_catechu" title="Areca catechu">Areca catechu</a></i> seed <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arecatannin" title="Arecatannin">arecatannins</a></li></ul></li> <li>Broad bean <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Vicia_faba" title="Vicia faba">Vicia faba</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grape" title="Grape">Grape</a> <ul><li><i>Vitis vinifera</i></li></ul></li> <li>Mimosa bark <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Acacia_mearnsii" title="Acacia mearnsii">Acacia mollissima</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Myrtan or black marlock <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Eucalyptus_redunca" title="Eucalyptus redunca">Eucalyptus redunca</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quebracho_tree" title="Quebracho tree">Quebracho</a> wood</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sources of<br /> <a href="/wiki/Hydrolysable_tannin" title="Hydrolysable tannin">hydrolysable tannins</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chestnut" title="Chestnut">Chestnut</a> wood</li> <li>Dhawa <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Anogeissus_latifolia" class="mw-redirect" title="Anogeissus latifolia">Anogeissus latifolia</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Myrobalan fruit <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Terminalia_chebula" title="Terminalia chebula">Terminalia chebula</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oak_bark" class="mw-redirect" title="Oak bark">Oak bark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oak" title="Oak">Oak</a> wood</li> <li>Valonia oak <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Quercus_macrolepis" class="mw-redirect" title="Quercus macrolepis">Quercus macrolepis</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumac" title="Sumac">Sumac</a> <ul><li>Tanner's sumach leaves - <i><a href="/wiki/Rhus_coriaria" title="Rhus coriaria">Rhus coriaria</a></i> or Chinese gall on <i><a href="/wiki/Rhus_chinensis" title="Rhus chinensis">Rhus chinensis</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Tara pod <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Tara_spinosa" title="Tara spinosa">Tara spinosa</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other sources<br />by organ</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bark_(botany)" title="Bark (botany)">Barks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>General : <a href="/wiki/Tanbark" title="Tanbark">Tanbark</a><br /></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Acacia_species_used_for_tannin_production" title="List of Acacia species used for tannin production">Acacias</a> (most notably <i><a href="/wiki/Acacia_pycnantha" title="Acacia pycnantha">Acacia pycnantha</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Acacia_decurrens" title="Acacia decurrens">Acacia decurrens</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alder" title="Alder">Alder</a> <ul><li><i>Alnus sp</i></li></ul></li> <li>Avaram <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Senna_auriculata" title="Senna auriculata">Senna auriculata</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Babul <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Acacia_nilotica" class="mw-redirect" title="Acacia nilotica">Acacia nilotica</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birch" title="Birch">Birch</a> <ul><li><i>Betula sp</i></li></ul></li> <li>Button mangrove <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Conocarpus_erectus" title="Conocarpus erectus">Conocarpus erectus</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Hemlock <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Tsuga" title="Tsuga">Tsuga</a> sp</i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larch" title="Larch">Larch</a> <ul><li><i>Larix sp</i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangrove" title="Mangrove">Mangrove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pine" title="Pine">Pine</a> <ul><li><i>Pinus sp</i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spruce" title="Spruce">Spruce</a> <ul><li><i>Picea sp</i></li></ul></li> <li>Urunday <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Myracrodruon_urundeuva" title="Myracrodruon urundeuva">Myracrodruon urundeuva</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Willow <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Salix_caprea" title="Salix caprea">Salix caprea</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Leaf" title="Leaf">Leaves</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Badan <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bergenia_crassifolia" title="Bergenia crassifolia">Bergenia crassifolia</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambier_(extract)" title="Gambier (extract)">Gambier</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Uncaria_gambir" title="Uncaria gambir">Uncaria gambir</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Redoul <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Coriaria_myrtifolia" title="Coriaria myrtifolia">Coriaria myrtifolia</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Root" title="Root">Roots</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Canaigre <ul><li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rumex hymenosepalus</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Garouille <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Quercus_coccifera" title="Quercus coccifera">Quercus coccifera</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Sea lavender <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Limonium" title="Limonium">Limonium</a> sp</i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wood" title="Wood">Woods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Cutch <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Senegalia_catechu" title="Senegalia catechu">Senegalia catechu</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fruit" title="Fruit">Fruit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Divi-divi pod <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Libidibia_coriaria" title="Libidibia coriaria">Libidibia coriaria</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Sant pod <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Acacia_nilotica" class="mw-redirect" title="Acacia nilotica">Acacia nilotica</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Teri pod <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Moullava_digyna" title="Moullava digyna">Moullava digyna</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gall" title="Gall">Galls</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Gall oak <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Quercus_lusitanica" title="Quercus lusitanica">Quercus lusitanica</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quercus_infectoria" title="Quercus infectoria">Quercus infectoria</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Whole plant</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Prosopis" title="Prosopis">Prosopis</a></i> sp. bark and wood <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Prosopis_humilis" title="Prosopis humilis">Prosopis humilis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prosopis_nigra" title="Prosopis nigra">Prosopis nigra</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Tanoak <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Notholithocarpus" title="Notholithocarpus">Notholithocarpus</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Tizra heartwood and root <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Searsia_pentaphylla" title="Searsia pentaphylla">Searsia pentaphylla</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Undetermined organ</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Anadenanthera_colubrina" title="Anadenanthera colubrina">Anadenanthera colubrina</a></i> (vilca)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Rumex hymenosepalus</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2716783" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q2716783">Q2716783</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Rumex_hymenosepalus" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Rumex hymenosepalus">Rumex hymenosepalus</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Plant_Name_Index" title="Australian Plant Name Index">APNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.biodiversity.org.au/name/apni/104643">104643</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Calflora: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.calflora.org/cgi-bin/species_query.cgi?where-calrecnum=7217">7217</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/4TPQ7">4TPQ7</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/585461">585461</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/RUMHS">RUMHS</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_North_America" title="Flora of North America">FNA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=250060783">250060783</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/2889015">2889015</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">GRIN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=32535">32535</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/58291">58291</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Plant_Names_Index" title="International Plant Names Index">IPNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ipni.org/n/697204-1">697204-1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=10587309">10587309</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=20962">20962</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/NatureServe" title="NatureServe">NatureServe</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.146304/">2.146304</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/NSWFlora" class="mw-redirect" title="NSWFlora">NSWFlora</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=sp&name=Rumex~hymenosepalus">Rumex~hymenosepalus</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=866353">866353</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/The_Plant_List" title="The Plant List">Plant List</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/tro-26000112">tro-26000112</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Natural_Resources_Conservation_Service#Plants" title="Natural Resources Conservation Service">PLANTS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/plant-profile/RUHY">RUHY</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online">POWO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A697204-1">urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:697204-1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Tropicos" title="Tropicos">Tropicos</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/26000112">26000112</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Flora_Online" title="World Flora Online">WFO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://list.worldfloraonline.org/wfo-0001100855">wfo-0001100855</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <p><br /> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1012311289">.mw-parser-output .asbox{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .asbox table{background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .asbox p{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .asbox p+p{margin-top:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .asbox-body{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .asbox-note{font-size:smaller}.mw-parser-output .asbox .navbar{position:absolute;top:-0.75em;right:1em;display:none}</style><div role="note" class="metadata plainlinks asbox stub"><table role="presentation"><tbody><tr class="noresize"><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Muehlenbeckia_adpressa_-_Curtis.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Stub icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Muehlenbeckia_adpressa_-_Curtis.jpg/30px-Muehlenbeckia_adpressa_-_Curtis.jpg" decoding="async" width="30" height="49" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Muehlenbeckia_adpressa_-_Curtis.jpg/45px-Muehlenbeckia_adpressa_-_Curtis.jpg 1.5x, 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