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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Moshe Sharon</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="nickname" lang="he">משה שרון</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Moshe_Sharon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Moshe_Sharon.jpg/220px-Moshe_Sharon.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Moshe_Sharon.jpg/330px-Moshe_Sharon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Moshe_Sharon.jpg/440px-Moshe_Sharon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="3072" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1937-12-18</span>) </span>December 18, 1937<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 86)</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Haifa" title="Haifa">Haifa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mandatory_Palestine" title="Mandatory Palestine">Mandatory Palestine</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">Israeli</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_University_of_Jerusalem" title="Hebrew University of Jerusalem">Hebrew University of Jerusalem</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Islam" title="History of Islam">History of Islam</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><b>Scientific career</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fields</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/History" title="History">History</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bar-Ilan_University" title="Bar-Ilan University">Bar-Ilan University</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_University_of_Jerusalem" title="Hebrew University of Jerusalem">Hebrew University of Jerusalem</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Doctoral_advisor" title="Doctoral advisor">Doctoral advisor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/David_Ayalon" title="David Ayalon">David Ayalon</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Moshe Sharon</b> (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">משה שָׁרוֹן</span>; born December 18, 1937) is an <a href="/wiki/Israelis" title="Israelis">Israeli</a> historian of <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>. </p><p>He is currently Professor Emeritus of Islamic and <a href="/wiki/Middle_Eastern_Studies" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle Eastern Studies">Middle Eastern Studies</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_University_of_Jerusalem" title="Hebrew University of Jerusalem">Hebrew University of Jerusalem</a> where he serves as Chair in <a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith" title="Baháʼí Faith">Baháʼí</a> Studies.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education,_career,_and_private_life"><span id="Education.2C_career.2C_and_private_life"></span>Education, career, and private life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moshe_Sharon&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Education, career, and private life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sharon was born in <a href="/wiki/Haifa" title="Haifa">Haifa</a> in 1937. He joined the faculty of Hebrew University of Jerusalem in 1965 and would go on to earn a <a href="/wiki/Ph.D." class="mw-redirect" title="Ph.D.">Ph.D.</a> at the same institution in 1971. He served as an Arab Affairs adviser to Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Menachem_Begin" title="Menachem Begin">Menachem Begin</a> and served in the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defense_(Israel)" title="Ministry of Defense (Israel)">Ministry of Defense</a>, during which took part in the negotiations for peace with <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>. Sharon established the Centre of <a href="/wiki/Jewish_Studies" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish Studies">Jewish Studies</a> at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Witwatersrand" title="University of the Witwatersrand">University of the Witwatersrand</a>, which he directed while serving as director of the <a href="/wiki/World_Zionist_Organization" title="World Zionist Organization">World Zionist Organization</a> branch in <a href="/wiki/Johannesburg" title="Johannesburg">Johannesburg</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1999 he was appointed to the chair of <a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith" title="Baháʼí Faith">Baháʼí</a> Studies at Hebrew University.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sharon was elected to the <a href="/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society" title="American Philosophical Society">American Philosophical Society</a> in 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He serves as a policy expert for the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ariel_Center_for_Policy_Research&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ariel Center for Policy Research (page does not exist)">Ariel Center for Policy Research</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%96_%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9C_%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%99_%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA" class="extiw" title="he:מרכז אריאל למחקרי מדיניות">he</a>]</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He and his wife, Judy, have six children.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Research_interests">Research interests</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moshe_Sharon&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Research interests"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Moshe Sharon has written about early <a href="/wiki/History_of_Islam" title="History of Islam">Islamic history</a> and the development of <a href="/wiki/Shia_Islam" title="Shia Islam">Shia Islam</a>. He is a specialist in <a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a> <a href="/wiki/Epigraphy" title="Epigraphy">epigraphy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Papyrology" title="Papyrology">papyrology</a>, with his opus being <i>Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Palaestinae</i>. In 2005 he published the first translation into <a href="/wiki/Epigraphy" title="Epigraphy">Hebrew</a> of <i><a href="/wiki/Kit%C3%A1b-i-Aqdas" title="Kitáb-i-Aqdas">Kitáb-i-Aqdas</a></i>, the holy book of the Baháʼí faith, and included a study of the history and theology of the religion. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Views">Views</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moshe_Sharon&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Views"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Moshe Sharon has given many presentations at international conferences and been interviewed by numerous media outlets on a variety of contemporary and historical topics. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Baháʼí_Faith"><span id="Bah.C3.A1.CA.BC.C3.AD_Faith"></span>Baháʼí Faith</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moshe_Sharon&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Baháʼí Faith"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Moshe Sharon is interviewed in the 2007 Israeli documentary film, "Bahais in My Backyard."<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the interview he states that the only Baháʼí academic chair in the world is in Israel due to his efforts in convincing Hebrew University to establish one and his efforts in finding a benefactor to fund the position. He also says that there are no descendants of <a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%27u%27ll%C3%A1h" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahá'u'lláh">Bahá'u'lláh</a> in Israel.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite Sharon's denial of the existence of such relatives, there are, in fact, dozens, and one of Bahá'u'lláh's great-granddaughters is featured in the film.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furthermore, even at the time of the interview, there were other Baháʼí academic chairs in existence, such as the ones established at <a href="/wiki/Devi_Ahilya_Vishwavidyalaya" title="Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya">Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya</a>, a state university in <a href="/wiki/Madhya_Pradesh" title="Madhya Pradesh">Madhya Pradesh</a> in 1991 and at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Maryland">University of Maryland</a> in 1993.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Islam">Islam</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moshe_Sharon&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Islam"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Moshe Sharon believes that <a href="/wiki/Western_world" title="Western world">Western</a> leaders fail to understand <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He says that "There is no fundamental Islam. There is only Islam full stop."<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Citing the conflict in <a href="/wiki/Bosnian_War" title="Bosnian War">Yugoslavia</a>, Sharon continues that "Wherever you have Islam, you will have war. It grows out of the attitude of Islamic civilization."<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He furthermore argues that not only is there "open war, but there's also war by infiltration."<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Israeli–Palestinian_conflict"><span id="Israeli.E2.80.93Palestinian_conflict"></span>Israeli–Palestinian conflict</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moshe_Sharon&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Israeli–Palestinian conflict"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Regarding the <a href="/wiki/Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_conflict" title="Israeli–Palestinian conflict">Israeli–Palestinian conflict</a>, Moshe Sharon has said that there is "no possibility of peace between Israel and the <a href="/wiki/Palestinians" title="Palestinians">Palestinians</a> whatsoever, for ever" and that peace agreements with <a href="/wiki/Arabs" title="Arabs">Arabs</a> are "pieces of paper, parts of tactics, strategies... with no meaning."<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He opposed the <a href="/wiki/Oslo_peace_accords" class="mw-redirect" title="Oslo peace accords">Oslo peace accords</a> and believes the dismantling the <a href="/wiki/Israeli_settlements" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli settlements">Israeli settlements</a>, which he terms "expulsions," serve to "increase the appetite of the other side and only achieve the killing of <a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jews</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Iran">Iran</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moshe_Sharon&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Iran"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Moshe Sharon said in an interview that "The only way to avoid military confrontation with <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> is to leave this military confrontation to powers bigger than Israel."<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Books">Books</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moshe_Sharon&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Judaism, Christianity, and Islam: Interaction and Conflict,</i> 1989</li> <li><i>Revolt: The Social and Military Aspects of the Abbasid Revolution: Black Banners from the East II,</i> 1990</li> <li><i>Judaism in the Context of Diverse Civilizations,</i> 1993</li> <li>Editor, <i>The Holy Land in History and Thought: Papers Submitted to the International Conference on the Relations Between the Holy Land and the World Outside It,</i> 1997</li> <li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSharon1997" class="citation book cs1"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sharon, Moshe</a> (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=j1rSzWgHMjoC"><i>Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Palaestinae, A</i></a>. Vol. 1. BRILL. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-04-10833-5" title="Special:BookSources/90-04-10833-5"><bdi>90-04-10833-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Corpus+Inscriptionum+Arabicarum+Palaestinae%2C+A&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=90-04-10833-5&rft.aulast=Sharon&rft.aufirst=Moshe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dj1rSzWgHMjoC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoshe+Sharon" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharon1999" class="citation book cs1"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sharon, Moshe</a> (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EPFDU8POrXIC"><i>Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Palaestinae, B-C</i></a>. Vol. 2. BRILL. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-04-11083-6" title="Special:BookSources/90-04-11083-6"><bdi>90-04-11083-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Corpus+Inscriptionum+Arabicarum+Palaestinae%2C+B-C&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=90-04-11083-6&rft.aulast=Sharon&rft.aufirst=Moshe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEPFDU8POrXIC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoshe+Sharon" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharon2004" class="citation book cs1"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sharon, Moshe</a> (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/9004131973"><i>Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Palaestinae, D-F</i></a>. Vol. 3. BRILL. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-04-13197-3" title="Special:BookSources/90-04-13197-3"><bdi>90-04-13197-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Corpus+Inscriptionum+Arabicarum+Palaestinae%2C+D-F&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=90-04-13197-3&rft.aulast=Sharon&rft.aufirst=Moshe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2F9004131973&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoshe+Sharon" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharon2007" class="citation book cs1"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sharon, Moshe</a> (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1d8xHcor0psC"><i>Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Palaestinae, Addendum</i></a>. BRILL. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-15780-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-15780-4"><bdi>978-90-04-15780-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Corpus+Inscriptionum+Arabicarum+Palaestinae%2C+Addendum&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-90-04-15780-4&rft.aulast=Sharon&rft.aufirst=Moshe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1d8xHcor0psC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoshe+Sharon" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharon2009" class="citation book cs1"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sharon, Moshe</a> (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=P2LtyFVNJmcC"><i>Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Palaestinae, G</i></a>. Vol. 4. BRILL. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-17085-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-17085-8"><bdi>978-90-04-17085-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Corpus+Inscriptionum+Arabicarum+Palaestinae%2C+G&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-90-04-17085-8&rft.aulast=Sharon&rft.aufirst=Moshe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DP2LtyFVNJmcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoshe+Sharon" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharon2013" class="citation book cs1"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sharon, Moshe</a> (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=X1uNAgAAQBAJ"><i>Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Palaestinae, H-I</i></a>. Vol. 5. BRILL. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-25097-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-25097-0"><bdi>978-90-04-25097-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Corpus+Inscriptionum+Arabicarum+Palaestinae%2C+H-I&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-90-04-25097-0&rft.aulast=Sharon&rft.aufirst=Moshe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DX1uNAgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoshe+Sharon" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharon2016" class="citation book cs1"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sharon, Moshe</a> (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IOEzDwAAQBAJ"><i>Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Palaestinae, J (I)</i></a>. Vol. 6. BRILL. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-32479-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-32479-4"><bdi>978-90-04-32479-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Corpus+Inscriptionum+Arabicarum+Palaestinae%2C+J+%28I%29&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-90-04-32479-4&rft.aulast=Sharon&rft.aufirst=Moshe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIOEzDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoshe+Sharon" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharon2021" class="citation book cs1">Sharon, Moshe (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PZssEAAAQBAJ"><i>Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Palaestinae, J (2) Jerusalem 1</i></a>. Vol. 7. Brill. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-44013-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-44013-5"><bdi>978-90-04-44013-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Corpus+Inscriptionum+Arabicarum+Palaestinae%2C+J+%282%29+Jerusalem+1&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=978-90-04-44013-5&rft.aulast=Sharon&rft.aufirst=Moshe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPZssEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoshe+Sharon" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><i>Studies in Modern Religions, Religious Movements and the Babi-Baháʼí Faiths,</i> 2004</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moshe_Sharon&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.asmeascholars.org/professor-moshe-sharon/">"Moshe Sharon"</a>. <i>Association for the Study of the Middle East and Africa</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Association+for+the+Study+of+the+Middle+East+and+Africa&rft.atitle=Moshe+Sharon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.asmeascholars.org%2Fprofessor-moshe-sharon%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoshe+Sharon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170202001936/http://www.hum.huji.ac.il/english/units.php?cat=3479&incat=0">"Moshe Sharon"</a>. <i>Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Faculty of Humanities, Chair in Baha'i Studies</i>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hum.huji.ac.il/english/units.php?cat=3479&incat=0">the original</a> on February 2, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Association+for+the+Study+of+the+Middle+East+and+Africa&rft.atitle=Moshe+Sharon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.asmeascholars.org%2Fprofessor-moshe-sharon%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoshe+Sharon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vimeo.com/22467795#t=730s"><i>Bahais in My Backyard, A Belfilms Production</i></a> (in Hebrew and English). Israel: firsthandfilms.com. 2007. Event occurs at 12 minutes, 10 seconds<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Betar+UK&rft.atitle=The+Agenda+of+Islam+-+A+War+Between+Civilizations&rft.date=2003-12-24&rft.aulast=Sharon&rft.aufirst=Moshe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.betar.org.uk%2Farticles%2Fbetar1072264293.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoshe+Sharon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharon2003" class="citation web cs1">Sharon, Moshe (December 24, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131224053104/http://www.betar.org.uk/articles/betar1072264293.php">"The Agenda of Islam - A War Between Civilizations"</a>. <i>Betar UK</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Betar+UK&rft.atitle=The+Agenda+of+Islam+-+A+War+Between+Civilizations&rft.date=2003-12-24&rft.aulast=Sharon&rft.aufirst=Moshe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.betar.org.uk%2Farticles%2Fbetar1072264293.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoshe+Sharon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharon2003" class="citation web cs1">Sharon, Moshe (December 24, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131224053104/http://www.betar.org.uk/articles/betar1072264293.php">"The Agenda of Islam - A War Between Civilizations"</a>. <i>Betar UK</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Betar+UK&rft.atitle=The+Agenda+of+Islam+-+A+War+Between+Civilizations&rft.date=2003-12-24&rft.aulast=Sharon&rft.aufirst=Moshe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.betar.org.uk%2Farticles%2Fbetar1072264293.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoshe+Sharon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLappin2014" class="citation news cs1">Lappin, Yaakov (September 6, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3304024,00.html">"Expert: No peace with Muslims, ever"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Yedioth_Ahronoth" title="Yedioth Ahronoth">Yedioth Ahronoth</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Yedioth+Ahronoth&rft.atitle=Expert%3A+No+peace+with+Muslims%2C+ever&rft.date=2014-09-06&rft.aulast=Lappin&rft.aufirst=Yaakov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ynetnews.com%2Farticles%2F0%2C7340%2CL-3304024%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoshe+Sharon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaLevi2015" class="citation news cs1">HaLevi, Ezra (September 6, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/112066">"Islamic History Expert: Muslim Peace with Israel? Never!"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Arutz_Sheva" title="Arutz Sheva">Arutz Sheva</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 28,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arutz+Sheva&rft.atitle=Islamic+History+Expert%3A+Muslim+Peace+with+Israel%3F+Never%21&rft.date=2015-09-06&rft.aulast=HaLevi&rft.aufirst=Ezra&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.israelnationalnews.com%2FNews%2FNews.aspx%2F112066&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoshe+Sharon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaruch2015" class="citation news cs1">Baruch, Hezki (July 27, 2015). "Expert: Israeli Leaders Haven't Learned from Gush Katif". <i><a href="/wiki/Arutz_Sheva" title="Arutz Sheva">Arutz Sheva</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arutz+Sheva&rft.atitle=Expert%3A+Israeli+Leaders+Haven%27t+Learned+from+Gush+Katif&rft.date=2015-07-27&rft.aulast=Baruch&rft.aufirst=Hezki&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoshe+Sharon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLappin2014" class="citation news cs1">Lappin, Yaakov (September 6, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3304024,00.html">"Expert: No peace with Muslims, ever"</a>. <i>Yedioth Ahronoth</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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