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Sanders</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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searchaux" style="display:none">American biblical scholar and translator (1927–2020)</div> <p><b>James A. Sanders</b> (28 November 1927 in <a href="/wiki/Memphis,_Tennessee" title="Memphis, Tennessee">Memphis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – 1 October 2020) was an American scholar of the Old Testament/Hebrew Bible and one of the <a href="/wiki/Dead_Sea_Scrolls" title="Dead Sea Scrolls">Dead Sea Scrolls</a> editors. Sanders grew up in racially segregated Memphis, attended a Methodist church, and went to Nashville to attend <a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_University" title="Vanderbilt University">Vanderbilt University</a> where he associated with Baptist & Methodist fellowships.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was the first to translate and edit the Psalm Scroll, which contained a previously unknown psalm. Sanders retired in the late 1990s, but published and lectured regularly into his 90s.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sanders taught at <a href="/wiki/Union_Theological_Seminary_in_the_City_of_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Theological Seminary in the City of New York">Union Theological Seminary</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_York,_NY" class="mw-redirect" title="New York, NY">New York, NY</a> and at the <a href="/wiki/Claremont_School_of_Theology" title="Claremont School of Theology">Claremont School of Theology</a>, Claremont, CA. While at CST, he founded the Ancient Biblical Manuscript Center for Research and Preservation (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171010041020/http://www.abmc.org/">ABMC</a>), a photographic, microfilm, and later digital, library and research center for ancient and medieval manuscripts related to the Bible. He had a falling-out with Elizabeth Bechtel the Center founder.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In his retirement, Sanders taught at the <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_Theological_School_at_Claremont" class="mw-redirect" title="Episcopal Theological School at Claremont">Episcopal Theological School at Claremont</a>, a denominational seminary hosted on the <a href="/wiki/Claremont_School_of_Theology" title="Claremont School of Theology">Claremont School of Theology</a> campus, as well as lecturing widely. In 2010, Sanders was made an honorary canon of the Cathedral Center of St. Paul in the <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_Diocese_of_Los_Angeles" title="Episcopal Diocese of Los Angeles">Episcopal Diocese of Los Angeles</a> in recognition of his service to the <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_Church_(United_States)" title="Episcopal Church (United States)">Episcopal Church (United States)</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Selected_bibliography">Selected bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_A._Sanders&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Selected bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>The Rebirth of a Born-Again Christian. A Memoir.</i> Eugene, OR: Cascade Books, 2017. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1532607067" title="Special:BookSources/1532607067">1532607067</a></li> <li><i>The Monotheizing Process: Its Origins and Its Developments.</i> Eugene, OR: Cascade Books, 2014.</li> <li><i>Torah and Canon,</i> 2d ed. Eugene, OR: Cascade Books, 2005</li> <li><i>Early Christian Interpretation of the Scriptures of Israel: Investigations and Proposals,</i> ed. with Craig A. Evans, Sheffield: The Academic Press, 1997</li> <li><i>Paul and the Scriptures of Israel</i>, with Craig Evans, JSOT Press, 1993</li> <li><i>Luke and Scripture: The Function of Sacred Tradition in Luke–Acts</i>, with Craig Evans, Fortress Press, 1993</li> <li><i>Canon and Community: a Guide to Canonical Criticism,</i> Fortress Press, 1984</li> <li><i>Torah and Canon,</i> Fortress Press, 1972</li> <li><i>From Sacred Story to Sacred Text</i>, Fortress Press 1987</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_A._Sanders&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Old_Testament_Text_Project" title="Hebrew Old Testament Text Project">Hebrew Old Testament Text Project</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_A._Sanders&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120708091801/http://0-ic.galegroup.com.library.sl.nsw.gov.au/ic/bic1/ReferenceDetailsPage/ReferenceDetailsWindow?displayGroupName=Reference&disableHighlighting=false&prodId=BIC1&action=e&windowstate=normal&catId=&documentId=GALE%7CK1612543792&mode=view&userGroupName=slnsw_public&jsid=7688b85a6e3bc65a387e348f719ad690">"James Alvin Sanders"</a>. <i>Gale Biography In Context</i>. Gale. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://0-ic.galegroup.com.library.sl.nsw.gov.au/ic/bic1/ReferenceDetailsPage/ReferenceDetailsWindow?displayGroupName=Reference&disableHighlighting=false&prodId=BIC1&action=e&windowstate=normal&catId=&documentId=GALE%7CK1612543792&mode=view&userGroupName=slnsw_public&jsid=7688b85a6e3bc65a387e348f719ad690">the original</a> on 8 July 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gale+Biography+In+Context&rft.atitle=James+Alvin+Sanders&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F0-ic.galegroup.com.library.sl.nsw.gov.au%2Fic%2Fbic1%2FReferenceDetailsPage%2FReferenceDetailsWindow%3FdisplayGroupName%3DReference%26disableHighlighting%3Dfalse%26prodId%3DBIC1%26action%3De%26windowstate%3Dnormal%26catId%3D%26documentId%3DGALE%257CK1612543792%26mode%3Dview%26userGroupName%3Dslnsw_public%26jsid%3D7688b85a6e3bc65a387e348f719ad690&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJames+A.+Sanders" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">James A. Sanders. (2017). <i>The Re-birth of a Born-Again Christian</i>. Leonia, NJ: Cascade Books. pp. 20 ff. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XHqjDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA20">Google Books website</a> Retrieved 27 July 2023. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210119105811/https://cst.edu/james-sanders-in-memoriam/">"James Sanders In Memoriam"</a>. The Claremont School of Theology. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cst.edu/james-sanders-in-memoriam/">the original</a> on 19 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=James+Sanders+In+Memoriam&rft.pub=The+Claremont+School+of+Theology&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcst.edu%2Fjames-sanders-in-memoriam%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJames+A.+Sanders" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYT1_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilford1991" class="citation news cs1">Wilford, John Noble (22 September 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/09/22/us/monopoly-over-dead-sea-scrolls-is-ended.html">"Monopoly Over Dead Sea Scrolls Is Ended"</a>. <i>New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Monopoly+Over+Dead+Sea+Scrolls+Is+Ended&rft.date=1991-09-22&rft.aulast=Wilford&rft.aufirst=John+Noble&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F09%2F22%2Fus%2Fmonopoly-over-dead-sea-scrolls-is-ended.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJames+A.+Sanders" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Dead_Sea_Scrolls" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#F3C301;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dead_Sea_Scrolls" title="Template:Dead Sea Scrolls"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dead_Sea_Scrolls" title="Template talk:Dead Sea Scrolls"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dead_Sea_Scrolls" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dead Sea Scrolls"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Dead_Sea_Scrolls" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Dead_Sea_Scrolls" title="Dead Sea Scrolls">Dead Sea Scrolls</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#F8D810;">Texts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/4Q106" title="4Q106">4Q106</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4Q107" title="4Q107">4Q107</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4Q108" title="4Q108">4Q108</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4Q119" title="4Q119">4Q119</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4Q120" title="4Q120">4Q120</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4Q121" title="4Q121">4Q121</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4Q122" title="4Q122">4Q122</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4Q126" title="4Q126">4Q126</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4Q127" title="4Q127">4Q127</a></li> <li>4Q166</li> <li><a href="/wiki/4Q175" title="4Q175">4Q175</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4Q240" title="4Q240">4Q240</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4Q246" title="4Q246">4Q246</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4Q252" class="mw-redirect" title="4Q252">4Q252</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4Q448" title="4Q448">4Q448</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4Q521" title="4Q521">4Q521</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Testament_of_Qahat" title="Testament of Qahat">4Q542</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4Q41" title="4Q41">4QDeuteronomy<sup>n</sup> (4Q41)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4QInstruction" title="4QInstruction">4QInstruction (4Q415–418, 4Q418a, 4Q423, 1Q26)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4QMMT" title="4QMMT">4QMMT (4Q394–399)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6Q6" title="6Q6">6Q6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7Q1" title="7Q1">7Q1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7Q5" title="7Q5">7Q5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Great_Psalms_Scroll" class="mw-redirect" title="The Great Psalms Scroll">11Q5 The Great Psalms Scroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleo-Hebrew_Leviticus_Scroll" title="Paleo-Hebrew Leviticus Scroll">11QpaleoLev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11Q13" title="11Q13">11Q13 Melchizedek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11Q18_New_Jerusalem" title="11Q18 New Jerusalem">11Q18 New Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barkhi_Nafshi" title="Barkhi Nafshi">Barkhi Nafshi (4Q434–438)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Book_of_Giants" title="The Book of Giants">The Book of Giants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Book_of_Mysteries" class="mw-redirect" title="The Book of Mysteries">The Book of Mysteries (1Q27 and 4Q299–301)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_Rule" title="Community Rule">Community Rule (1QS, 4QS, 5Q11, 5Q13)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copper_Scroll" title="Copper Scroll">Copper Scroll (3Q15)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damascus_Document" title="Damascus Document">Damascus Document (CD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genesis_Apocryphon" title="Genesis Apocryphon">Genesis Apocryphon (1QapGen ar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pesher_on_Genesis" title="Pesher on Genesis">Genesis Commentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Minor_Prophets_Scroll_from_Nahal_Hever" title="Greek Minor Prophets Scroll from Nahal Hever">Greek Minor Prophets Scroll from Nahal Hever</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habakkuk_Commentary" title="Habakkuk Commentary">Habakkuk Commentary (1QpHab)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaiah_Scroll" title="Isaiah Scroll">Isaiah Scroll (1QIsa<sup>a</sup></a><a href="/wiki/1QIsab" title="1QIsab">,1QIsa<sup>b</sup>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahum_Commentary" title="Nahum Commentary">Nahum Commentary (4QpNah/4Q169)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Jerusalem_Dead_Sea_Scroll" title="New Jerusalem Dead Sea Scroll">New Jerusalem Scroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleo-Hebrew_Leviticus_Scroll" title="Paleo-Hebrew Leviticus Scroll">Paleo-Hebrew Leviticus scroll (11QpaleoLev)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qumran_Physiognomies" title="Qumran Physiognomies">Physiognomies</a>/<a href="/wiki/Qumran_%22Horoscopes%22_(4Q186)" title="Qumran "Horoscopes" (4Q186)">Horoscopes (4Q186)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudo-Ezekiel" title="Pseudo-Ezekiel">Pseudo-Ezekiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rule_of_the_Blessing" title="The Rule of the Blessing">Rule of the Blessing (1QSb)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rule_of_the_Congregation" title="The Rule of the Congregation">Rule of the Congregation (1QSa)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Samuel_Scroll" title="The Samuel Scroll">Samuel Scroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Seekers_After_Smooth_Things" title="The Seekers After Smooth Things">The Seekers After Smooth Things</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songs_of_the_Sabbath_Sacrifice" title="Songs of the Sabbath Sacrifice">Songs of the Sabbath Sacrifice (4Q400–407)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4Q510%E2%80%93511" title="4Q510–511">Songs of the Sage (4Q510–511)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Scroll" title="Temple Scroll">Temple Scroll (11Q19)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanksgiving_Hymns" title="Thanksgiving Hymns">Thanksgiving Hymns (1QH)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_War_of_the_Messiah" title="The War of the Messiah">The War of the Messiah/The Pierced Messiah Text (4Q285/11Q14)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Sons_of_Light_Against_the_Sons_of_Darkness" title="War of the Sons of Light Against the Sons of Darkness">War of the Sons of Light Against the Sons of Darkness (1QM)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#F8D810;">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qumran" title="Qumran">Qumran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qumran_Caves" title="Qumran Caves">Qumran Caves</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_manuscripts_from_Qumran_Cave_1" title="List of manuscripts from Qumran Cave 1">cave 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_manuscripts_from_Qumran_Cave_2" title="List of manuscripts from Qumran Cave 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_manuscripts_from_Qumran_Cave_3" title="List of manuscripts from Qumran Cave 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_manuscripts_from_Qumran_Cave_4" title="List of manuscripts from Qumran Cave 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_manuscripts_from_Qumran_Cave_5" title="List of manuscripts from Qumran Cave 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_manuscripts_from_Qumran_Cave_6" title="List of manuscripts from Qumran Cave 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_manuscripts_from_Qumran_Cave_7" title="List of manuscripts from Qumran Cave 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_manuscripts_from_Qumran_Cave_8" title="List of manuscripts from Qumran Cave 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_manuscripts_from_Qumran_Cave_9" title="List of manuscripts from Qumran Cave 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_manuscripts_from_Qumran_Cave_10" title="List of manuscripts from Qumran Cave 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_manuscripts_from_Qumran_Cave_11" title="List of manuscripts from Qumran Cave 11">11</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qumran_cemetery" title="Qumran cemetery">Qumran cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ein_Feshkha" title="Ein Feshkha">Ein Feshkha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kohlit" title="Kohlit">Kohlit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secacah" title="Secacah">Secacah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadi_Murabba%27at" title="Wadi Murabba'at">Wadi Murabba'at</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#F8D810;">Issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Essenes" title="Essenes">Essenes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadducees" title="Sadducees">Sadducees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbon_dating_the_Dead_Sea_Scrolls" title="Carbon dating the Dead Sea Scrolls">Carbon dating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yahad_Ostracon" title="Yahad Ostracon">Yahad Ostracon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pesher" title="Pesher">Pesher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dual_messiahs" title="Dual messiahs">Dual messiahs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teacher_of_Righteousness" title="Teacher of Righteousness">Teacher of Righteousness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wicked_Priest" title="Wicked Priest">Wicked Priest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qumran_calendrical_texts" title="Qumran calendrical texts">Calendrical texts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#F8D810;">Scholars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Abegg" title="Martin Abegg">Martin G. Abegg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Allegro" title="John M. Allegro">John Marco Allegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_M._Baumgarten" title="Joseph M. Baumgarten">Joseph M. Baumgarten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Collins" title="John J. Collins">John J. Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidnie_White_Crawford" title="Sidnie White Crawford">Sidnie White Crawford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Moore_Cross" title="Frank Moore Cross">Frank Moore Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Dupont-Sommer" title="André Dupont-Sommer">André Dupont-Sommer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Eisenman" title="Robert Eisenman">Robert Eisenman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanan_Eshel" title="Hanan Eshel">Hanan Eshel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Fitzmyer" title="Joseph Fitzmyer">Joseph Fitzmyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Flint" title="Peter Flint">Peter W. Flint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Noel_Freedman" title="David Noel Freedman">David Noel Freedman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Humbert" title="Jean-Baptiste Humbert">Jean-Baptiste Humbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florentino_Garc%C3%ADa_Mart%C3%ADnez" title="Florentino García Martínez">Florentino García Martínez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Golb" title="Norman Golb">Norman Golb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Lankester_Harding" title="Gerald Lankester Harding">Gerald Lankester Harding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yizhar_Hirschfeld" title="Yizhar Hirschfeld">Yizhar Hirschfeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest-Marie_Laperrousaz" title="Ernest-Marie Laperrousaz">Ernest-Marie Laperrousaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jodi_Magness" title="Jodi Magness">Jodi Magness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3zef_Milik" title="Józef Milik">Józef Milik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisha_Qimron" title="Elisha Qimron">Elisha Qimron</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">James A. Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Schiffman" title="Lawrence Schiffman">Lawrence Schiffman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hershel_Shanks" title="Hershel Shanks">Hershel Shanks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_W._Skehan" title="Patrick W. Skehan">Patrick W. Skehan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_H._Steckoll" title="Solomon H. Steckoll">Solomon H. Steckoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartmut_Stegemann" title="Hartmut Stegemann">Hartmut Stegemann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Strugnell" title="John Strugnell">John Strugnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleazar_Sukenik" title="Eleazar Sukenik">Eleazar Sukenik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsten_Peter_Thiede" title="Carsten Peter Thiede">Carsten Peter Thiede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emanuel_Tov" title="Emanuel Tov">Emanuel Tov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Trever" title="John C. Trever">John C. Trever</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Ulrich" title="Eugene Ulrich">Eugene Ulrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roland_de_Vaux" title="Roland de Vaux">Roland de Vaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9za_Vermes" title="Géza Vermes">Géza Vermes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yigael_Yadin" title="Yigael Yadin">Yigael Yadin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_O%27Callaghan_Mart%C3%ADnez" title="José O'Callaghan Martínez">José O'Callaghan Martínez</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#F8D810;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albright_Institute_of_Archaeological_Research" title="Albright Institute of Archaeological Research">AIAR</a>/<a href="/wiki/American_Society_of_Overseas_Research" title="American Society of Overseas Research">ASOR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aramaic_Enoch_Scroll" title="Aramaic Enoch Scroll">Aramaic Enoch Scroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrine_of_the_Book" title="Shrine of the Book">Shrine of the Book</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orion_Center" title="Orion Center">Orion Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_Biblique" title="École Biblique">École Biblique</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Discoveries_in_the_Judaean_Desert" title="Discoveries in the Judaean Desert">Discoveries in the Judaean Desert</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar_Samuel" class="mw-redirect" title="Mar Samuel">Mar Samuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammed_edh-Dhib" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammed edh-Dhib">Muhammed edh-Dhib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Najib_Albina" title="Najib Albina">Najib Albina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style 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text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000108995725">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/49520401">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/118863/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJwD3Xdp4vRTvWcbbWmKh3">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/119428016">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n83186692">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15104159x">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15104159x">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00455266">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Sanders, James A."><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/TO0V258265">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35474434">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=uk2005277754&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p071281762">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC201406233">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007301889705171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/966221">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/119428016">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list 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