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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">yonqutiga oʻtish</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">yashirish</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Kirish</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Biografiyasi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biografiyasi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Biografiyasi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biografiyasi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ishi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ishi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Ishi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ishi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografiya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografiya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Bibliografiya</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografiya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Yana_qarang" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Yana_qarang"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Yana qarang</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Yana_qarang-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Manbalar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Manbalar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Manbalar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Manbalar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Havolalar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Havolalar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Havolalar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Havolalar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Mundarija" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Reinhard Selten</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Boshqa tildagi maqolaga oʻting. 52 ta tilda mavjud" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-52" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">52 ta til</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%86" title="رينهارد سولتن – arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رينهارد سولتن" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%86" title="رينهارد سولتن – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="رينهارد سولتن" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – asturiy" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reynhard_Zelten" title="Reynhard Zelten – ozarbayjon" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Reynhard Zelten" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="ozarbayjon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%86" title="راینهارد سیلتن – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="راینهارد سیلتن" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Райнхард Зелтэн – belarus" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Райнхард Зелтэн" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Райнхард Зелтен – bolgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Райнхард Зелтен" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bolgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8" title="রেইনহার্ড সেলটেন – bengal" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রেইনহার্ড সেলটেন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – chex" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="chex" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – dan" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – nemischa" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="nemischa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CE%AC%CE%B9%CE%BD%CF%87%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BD%CF%84_%CE%96%CE%AD%CE%BB%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%BD" title="Ράινχαρντ Ζέλτεν – grek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ράινχαρντ Ζέλτεν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – inglizcha" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglizcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – ispancha" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ispancha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – bask" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bask" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%86" title="راینهارد سیلتن – fors" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="راینهارد سیلتن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="fors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – fincha" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fincha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – fransuzcha" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransuzcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – shotland-gel" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="shotland-gel" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%93_%D7%96%D7%9C%D7%98%D7%9F" title="ריינהרד זלטן – ivrit" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ריינהרד זלטן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ivrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – gaityan" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="gaityan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – venger" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="venger" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%A5%D5%B5%D5%B6%D5%B0%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A4_%D4%B6%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%B6" title="Ռեյնհարդ Զելտեն – arman" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ռեյնհարդ Զելտեն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – indonez" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonez" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – italyan" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italyan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%8F%E3%83%AB%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%82%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%86%E3%83%B3" title="ラインハルト・ゼルテン – yapon" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ラインハルト・ゼルテン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="yapon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B8%ED%95%98%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8_%EC%A0%A4%ED%85%90" title="라인하르트 젤텐 – koreyscha" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="라인하르트 젤텐" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreyscha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhardus_Selten" title="Reinhardus Selten – lotincha" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Reinhardus Selten" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="lotincha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – lyuksemburgcha" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lyuksemburgcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhards_Zeltens" title="Reinhards Zeltens – latishcha" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Reinhards Zeltens" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latishcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – quyi nemis" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="quyi nemis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – niderland" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="niderland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – norveg-bokmal" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norveg-bokmal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – polyakcha" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polyakcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%88_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%B9%D9%86" title="رینہارڈ سیلٹن – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="رینہارڈ سیلٹن" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – portugalcha" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – rumincha" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumincha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD,_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Зельтен, Рейнхард – ruscha" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Зельтен, Рейнхард" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruscha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – slovakcha" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – slovencha" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovencha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – shved" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="shved" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – turk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Райнгард Зелтен – ukrain" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Райнгард Зелтен" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%88_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%B9%D9%86" title="رینہارڈ سیلٹن – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="رینہارڈ سیلٹن" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – vyetnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vyetnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten – yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Reinhard Selten" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B5%96%E5%9B%A0%E5%93%88%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94%E6%BB%95" title="赖因哈德·塞尔滕 – xitoy" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="赖因哈德·塞尔滕" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="xitoy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q12830#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Tillararo ishoratlarni tahrirlash" class="wbc-editpage">Ishoratlarni tahrirla</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nomfazolar"> <div 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">yonqutiga oʻtish</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">yashirish</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Vikipediya, ochiq ensiklopediya</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="uz" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox biography vcard" cellspacing="1" style="width:270px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; font-size:125%;">Reinhard Selten</th></tr> <tr class=""><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Reinhard_Selten2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Reinhard_Selten2.jpg/220px-Reinhard_Selten2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Reinhard_Selten2.jpg/330px-Reinhard_Selten2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/05/Reinhard_Selten2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="412" data-file-height="562" /></a></span></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Tavalludi</th> <td class="" style=""> <div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Reinhard Justus Reginald Selten</div><br /><a href="/wiki/5-oktyabr" title="5-oktyabr">5-oktyabr</a> <a href="/wiki/1930-yil" class="mw-redirect" title="1930-yil">1930-yil</a><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Polsha" title="Polsha">Polsha</a></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Vafoti</th> <td class="" style=""> <a href="/wiki/23-avgust" title="23-avgust">23-avgust</a> <a href="/wiki/2016-yil" class="mw-redirect" title="2016-yil">2016-yil</a><span style="display:none">(<span class="dday">2016-08-23</span>)</span> <br /> (85 yoshda)<br /><a href="/wiki/Polsha" title="Polsha">Polsha</a></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Fuqaroligi</th> <td class="" style=""> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P27" data-wikidata-claim-id="q12830$A55C0818-FDE4-484D-B75F-2B15B23C9FBC"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/Germaniya" title="Germaniya">Germaniya</a></span></span></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Taʼlimi</th> <td class="" style=""> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyote_universiteti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gyote universiteti (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Gyote universiteti</a></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Kasbi</th> <td class="" style=""> Iqtisodchi</td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Millati</th> <td class="" style=""> <a href="/wiki/Nemis" class="mw-redirect" title="Nemis">Nemis</a></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Otasi</th> <td class="" style=""> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P22" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q12830$7ABD5753-4884-451E-ADB5-ED58B217A46B"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak">Adolf Selten</span></span></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Mukofotlari</th> <td class="" style=""> <a href="/wiki/Iqtisodiyot_bo%CA%BByicha_Nobel_mukofoti" title="Iqtisodiyot boʻyicha Nobel mukofoti">Iqtisodiyot boʻyicha Nobel mukofoti</a>(1994)</td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Reinhard Justus Reginald Selten</b> (<small>nemischa: </small><span title="Xalqaro fonetik alifbo vakilligi (XFA)" class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa">[ˈʁaɪ̯nhaʁt ˈzɛltn̩]</span><small class="nowrap"> (<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:De-Reinhard_Selten.ogg" title="Fayl:De-Reinhard Selten.ogg"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/13px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/20px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/26px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/De-Reinhard_Selten.ogg" class="internal" title="De-Reinhard Selten.ogg">tinglang</a>)</small>; 1930-yil 5- oktyabr — 2016-yil 23-avgust) nemis <a href="/wiki/Iqtisodiyot_tushunchasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Iqtisodiyot tushunchasi">iqtisodchisi</a>, 1994<a href="/wiki/Iqtisodiyot_bo%CA%BByicha_Nobel_mukofoti" title="Iqtisodiyot boʻyicha Nobel mukofoti">-yilda Iqtisodiyot fanlari bo‘yicha Nobel mukofotini</a> qo‘lga kiritgan(<a href="/wiki/John_Harsanyi" title="John Harsanyi">Jon Harsanyi</a> va <a href="/wiki/John_Nash" title="John Nash">Jon Nesh</a> bilan birgalikda). U, shuningdek, cheklangan ratsionallik sohasidagi ishi bilan mashhur va eksperimental iqtisodiyotning asoschilaridan biri hisoblanadi. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografiyasi">Biografiyasi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinhard_Selten&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Biografiyasi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinhard_Selten&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Biografiyasi"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Selten hozirgi <a href="/wiki/Polsha" title="Polsha">Polshaning</a> Quyi Sileziyadagi <a href="/wiki/Wroc%C5%82aw" title="Wrocław">Breslau (Vrotslav)</a> shahrida tugʻilgan. Otasi <a href="/wiki/Yahudiylar" title="Yahudiylar">yahudiy</a> Adolf Selten (koʻr kitob sotuvchisi boʻlgan; 1942-yilda vafot etgan<sup id="cite_ref-nytobit_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytobit-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mcs_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mcs-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). Onasi Käthe Lyuter <a href="/wiki/Protestantizm" title="Protestantizm">protestant</a> boʻlgan<sup id="cite_ref-mcs_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mcs-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nobelprize.org_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nobelprize.org-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Reinhard Selten protestant ruhida tarbiyalangan<sup id="cite_ref-nobelprize.org_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nobelprize.org-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Saksoniya va Avstriyada qisqa muddatli oilaviy surgundan soʻng, Selten urushdan keyin Germaniyaning Gessen shahriga qaytib keldi va oʻrta maktabda biznes yozuvchi John D.McDonaldning Fortune jurnalida oʻyin nazariyasi haqidagi maqolasini oʻqidi. U oʻsha vaqtlarda maktabga borib qaytayotganida, „hayolida boshlangʻich geometriya va algebra masalalari yechib“ kelgan<sup id="cite_ref-nytobit_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytobit-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mcs_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mcs-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. U Frankfurtdagi Gyote universitetida matematika boʻyicha oʻqigan va 1957- yilda universitetni bitirib diplomini qoʻlga kiritadi. Keyin u 1967-yilgacha Heinz Sauermannning ilmiy yordamchisi boʻlib ishlaydi. 1959-yilda u Elizabet Langreiner bilan turmush quradi. 1961-yilda u Frankfurtda matematika boʻyicha doktorlik dissertatsiyasini ham oldi. </p><p>U <a href="/wiki/California_universiteti,_Berkeley" class="mw-redirect" title="California universiteti, Berkeley">Berkeley universitetida</a> tashrif buyurgan professor boʻlgan va 1969-yildan 1972-yilgacha Berlin universitetida va 1972- yildan 1984-yilgacha Bielefeld universitetida dars bergan. Keyin u <a href="/wiki/Bonn_universiteti" title="Bonn universiteti">Bonn universitetida</a> professor boʻladi. U yerda u BonnEconLab — eksperimental iqtisodiy tadqiqotlar laboratoriyasini qurdi va labaratorida nafaqaga chiqqanidan keyin ham faol boʻldi. </p><p>Selten Germaniyaning <a href="/wiki/Bonn_universiteti" title="Bonn universiteti">Bonn universitetida</a> faxriy professor boʻlgan va bir qancha faxriy doktorlik unvonlariga ega boʻlgan. U 1959-yildan<sup id="cite_ref-nobelprize.org_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nobelprize.org-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> esperantist boʻlgan va xotini bilan Esperanto harakati orqali tanishgan<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. U San-Marino Xalqaro Fanlar Akademiyasining aʼzosi va hammuassisi edi. </p><p>2009-yilgi Yevroparlament saylovlari uchun u Yevropaning Germaniya uchun eng yaxshi nomzod boʻldi<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ishi">Ishi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinhard_Selten&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Ishi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinhard_Selten&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Ishi"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/O%CA%BByinlar_nazariyasi" title="Oʻyinlar nazariyasi">Oʻyin nazariyasidagi</a> ishi uchun Selten 1994-<a href="/wiki/Iqtisodiyot_bo%CA%BByicha_Nobel_mukofoti" title="Iqtisodiyot boʻyicha Nobel mukofoti">yilda Iqtisodiyot fanlari boʻyicha Nobel mukofotiga sazovor boʻldi</a> (<a href="/wiki/John_Harsanyi" title="John Harsanyi">Jon Harsanyi</a> va <a href="/wiki/John_Nash" title="John Nash">Jon Nesh</a> bilan birgalikda). Selten Germaniyada birinchi boʻlib Nobel mukofotiga sazovor boʻlgan shaxs boʻldi<sup id="cite_ref-nytobit_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytobit-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>U, shuningdek, cheklangan ratsionallik sohasidagi faoliyati bilan ham mashhur edi. Gerd Gigerenzer bilan u „<i>Bounded Rationality: The Adaptive Toolbox“</i> (2001-yil) kitobini tahrir qildi. U keng koʻlamli shaklda ifodalanganligi sababli Seltenʼs Horse deb nomlangan oʻyinning namunasini ishlab chiqdi. Uning soʻnggi ishi „Impuls muvozanati nazariyasi va uning qoʻshimcha mezon bilan kengayishi“ edi. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografiya">Bibliografiya</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinhard_Selten&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Bibliografiya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinhard_Selten&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografiya"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Preispolitik der Mehrproduktenunternehmung in der statischen Theorie, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer-Verlag, 1970, <a href="/wiki/Maxsus:BookSources/978-3-642-48888-7" title="Maxsus:BookSources/978-3-642-48888-7">ISBN <span style="white-space: nowrap;">978-3-642-48888-7</span></a> — in <a href="/wiki/Nemis_tili" title="Nemis tili">Nemis tilida</a></li> <li>General Equilibrium with Price-Making Firms (with Thomas Marschak), Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer-Verlag, 1974, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783662073698" class="extiw" title="en:Special:BookSources/9783662073698">ISBN 978-3-662-07369-8</a></li> <li>A General Theory of Equilibrium Selection in Games (with <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_C._Harsanyi" class="extiw" title="en:John C. Harsanyi">John C. Harsanyi</a>), Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT-Press. (1988)</li> <li>Models of Strategic Rationality, Theory and Decision Library, Series C: Game Theory, Mathematical Programming and Operations Research, Dordrecht-Boston-London: Kluwer Academic Publishers. (1988)</li> <li>Game Equilibrium Models IV, Berlin, New York, Springer Verlag, 1991, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783662073698" class="extiw" title="en:Special:BookSources/9783662073698">ISBN 978-3-662-07369-8</a>.</li> <li>Rational Interaction — Essays in Honor of John C. Harsanyi, Berlin, New York, Springer-Verlag, 1992, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783642081361" class="extiw" title="en:Special:BookSources/9783642081361">ISBN 978-3-642-08136-1</a>.</li> <li>Enkonduko en la Teorion de Lingvaj Ludoj — Ĉu mi lernu Esperanton? (with Jonathan Pool), Berlin-Paderborn: Akademia Libroservo, Institut für Kybernetik. (1995) — in <a href="/wiki/Esperanto_tili" class="mw-redirect" title="Esperanto tili">Esperanto tili</a></li> <li>Game Theory and Economic Behavior: Selected Essays, 2. vol Cheltenham-Northampton: Edward Elgar Publishing. (1999)</li> <li>New edition of: Models of Strategic Rationality (1988), with a Chinese Introduction. Outstanding Academic Works on Economics by Nobel Prize Winners. Dordrecht-Boston-London: Kluwer Academic Publishers. (2000)</li> <li>Chinese Translation of: Models of Strategic Rationality (1988). Outstanding Academic Works on Economics by Nobel Prize Winners. Dordrecht-Boston-London: Kluwer Academic Publishers. (2000)</li> <li>Russian Translation of: A General Theory of Equilibrium Selection in Games (with John C. Harsanyi), Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT-Press. (2000)</li> <li>Gigerenzer, G., & Selten, R. (Eds.). (2001). Bounded rationality: The adaptive toolbox. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press.</li> <li>Impulse Balance Theory and its Extension by an Additional Criterion. BoD. (2015)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Yana_qarang">Yana qarang</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinhard_Selten&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Yana qarang" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinhard_Selten&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Yana qarang"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Subgame mukammal Nash muvozanati</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Manbalar">Manbalar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinhard_Selten&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Manbalar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinhard_Selten&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Manbalar"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3605845">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-nytobit-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-nytobit_1-0">1,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-nytobit_1-1">1,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-nytobit_1-2">1,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Roberts, Sam, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/04/business/economy/reinhard-selten-whose-strides-in-game-theory-led-to-a-nobel-dies-at-85.html">„Reinhard Selten, Whose Strides in Game Theory Led to a Nobel, Dies at 85“</a>, New York <i>Times</i>, September 2, 2016. Retrieved 2016-09-03.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mcs-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-mcs_2-0">2,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-mcs_2-1">2,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-mcs_2-2">2,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">OʻConnor, J J, and E F Robertson, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Selten.html">„Reinhard Selten“</a>, <i>www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk</i>, November 2010. Retrieved 2016-09-03.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nobelprize.org-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-nobelprize.org_3-0">3,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-nobelprize.org_3-1">3,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-nobelprize.org_3-2">3,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/economics/laureates/1994/selten-autobio.html">From Les Prix Nobel. The Nobel Prizes 1994, Editor Tore Frängsmyr, [Nobel Foundation], Stockholm, 1995</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lins, Ulrich & Ertl, István. „Intervjuo kun Reinhard Selten, Nobelpreemiito“ <i>Esperanto</i> (n° 1065-12, December 1994, p. 203</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><span class="citation"><span lang="aniqlanmagan"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://e-d-e.org/-DE-Germanio-">„Eŭropo — Demokratio — Esperanto: Germanio“</a></span>. 2013-yil 29-oktyabrda asl nusxadan <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131029201337/http://e-d-e.org/-DE-Germanio-">arxivlangan</a>. Qaraldi: 2022-yil 10-oktyabr.</span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4048111">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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title="Iqtisodiyot boʻyicha Nobel mukofoti">Iqtisodiyot boʻyicha Nobel mukofoti</a> laureatlari</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1969–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:90%;">1969</span> <a href="/wiki/Ragnar_Frisch" title="Ragnar Frisch">Ragnar Frisch</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jan_Tinbergen" title="Jan Tinbergen">Jan Tinbergen</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1970</span> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Samuelson" title="Paul Samuelson">Paul Samuelson</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1971</span> <a href="/wiki/Simon_Kuznets" title="Simon Kuznets">Simon Kuznets</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1972</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Hicks" title="John Hicks">John Hicks</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Arrow" title="Kenneth Arrow">Kenneth Arrow</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1973</span> <a href="/wiki/Wassily_Leontief" title="Wassily Leontief">Wassily Leontief</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1974</span> <a href="/wiki/Gunnar_Myrdal" title="Gunnar Myrdal">Gunnar Myrdal</a> / <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Hayek" title="Friedrich Hayek">Friedrich Hayek</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1975</span> <a href="/wiki/Leonid_Kantorovich" title="Leonid Kantorovich">Leonid Kantorovich</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tjalling_Koopmans" title="Tjalling Koopmans">Tjalling Koopmans</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Alfred_Nobel.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Alfred_Nobel.png/80px-Alfred_Nobel.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Alfred_Nobel.png/120px-Alfred_Nobel.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Alfred_Nobel.png/160px-Alfred_Nobel.png 2x" data-file-width="317" data-file-height="318" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:90%;">1976</span> <a href="/wiki/Milton_Friedman" title="Milton Friedman">Milton Friedman</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1977</span> <a href="/wiki/Bertil_Ohlin" title="Bertil Ohlin">Bertil Ohlin</a> / <a href="/wiki/James_Meade" title="James Meade">James Meade</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1978</span> <a href="/wiki/Herbert_A._Simon" title="Herbert A. Simon">Herbert A. Simon</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1979</span> <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Schultz" title="Theodore Schultz">Theodore Schultz</a> / <a href="/wiki/W._Arthur_Lewis" class="mw-redirect" title="W. Arthur Lewis">Arthur Lewis</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1980</span> <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Klein" title="Lawrence Klein">Lawrence Klein</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1981</span> <a href="/wiki/James_Tobin" title="James Tobin">James Tobin</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1982</span> <a href="/wiki/George_Stigler" title="George Stigler">George Stigler</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1983</span> <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Debreu" title="Gérard Debreu">Gérard Debreu</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1984</span> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Stone" title="Richard Stone">Richard Stone</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1985</span> <a href="/wiki/Franco_Modigliani" title="Franco Modigliani">Franco Modigliani</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1986</span> <a href="/wiki/James_M._Buchanan" title="James M. Buchanan">James M. Buchanan</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1987</span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Solow" title="Robert Solow">Robert Solow</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1988</span> <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Allais" title="Maurice Allais">Maurice Allais</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1989</span> <a href="/wiki/Trygve_Haavelmo" title="Trygve Haavelmo">Trygve Haavelmo</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1990</span> <a href="/wiki/Harry_Markowitz" title="Harry Markowitz">Harry Markowitz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Merton_Miller" title="Merton Miller">Merton Miller</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_F._Sharpe" class="mw-redirect" title="William F. Sharpe">William F. Sharpe</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1991</span> <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Coase" title="Ronald Coase">Ronald Coase</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1992</span> <a href="/wiki/Gary_Becker" title="Gary Becker">Gary Becker</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1993</span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Fogel" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Fogel">Robert Fogel</a> / <a href="/wiki/Douglass_North" title="Douglass North">Douglass North</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1994</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Harsanyi" title="John Harsanyi">John Harsanyi</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="John Forbes Nash Jr.">John Forbes Nash Jr.</a> / <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Reinhard Selten</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1995</span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Lucas_Jr." title="Robert Lucas Jr.">Robert Lucas Jr.</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1996</span> <a href="/wiki/James_Mirrlees" title="James Mirrlees">James Mirrlees</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_Vickrey" title="William Vickrey">William Vickrey</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1997</span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_C._Merton" title="Robert C. Merton">Robert C. Merton</a> / <a href="/wiki/Myron_Scholes" title="Myron Scholes">Myron Scholes</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1998</span> <a href="/wiki/Amartya_Sen" title="Amartya Sen">Amartya Sen</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1999</span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Mundell" title="Robert Mundell">Robert Mundell</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2000</span> <a href="/wiki/James_Heckman" title="James Heckman">James Heckman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Daniel_McFadden" title="Daniel McFadden">Daniel McFadden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001-yildan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:90%;">2001</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Akerlof&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George Akerlof (sahifa yaratilmagan)">George Akerlof</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michael_Spence" title="Michael Spence">Michael Spence</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stiglitz" title="Joseph Stiglitz">Joseph E. Stiglitz</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2002</span> <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Kahneman" title="Daniel Kahneman">Daniel Kahneman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vernon_L._Smith" title="Vernon L. Smith">Vernon L. Smith</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2003</span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Engle" title="Robert F. Engle">Robert F. Engle</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Clive_Granger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clive Granger (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Clive Granger</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2004</span> <a href="/wiki/Finn_E._Kydland" title="Finn E. Kydland">Finn E. Kydland</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edward_C._Prescott" title="Edward C. Prescott">Edward C. Prescott</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2005</span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Aumann" title="Robert Aumann">Robert Aumann</a> / <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Schelling" title="Thomas Schelling">Thomas Schelling</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2006</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Edmund_Phelps&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edmund Phelps (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Edmund Phelps</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2007</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonid_Hurwicz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leonid Hurwicz (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Leonid Hurwicz</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eric_Maskin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eric Maskin (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Eric Maskin</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_Myerson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roger Myerson (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Roger Myerson</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2008</span> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Krugman" title="Paul Krugman">Paul Krugman</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2009</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elinor_Ostrom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elinor Ostrom (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Elinor Ostrom</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oliver_E._Williamson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oliver E. Williamson (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Oliver E. Williamson</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2010</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Diamond&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Diamond (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Peter A. Diamond</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dale_T._Mortensen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dale T. Mortensen (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Dale T. Mortensen</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christopher_A._Pissarides&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christopher A. Pissarides (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Christopher A. Pissarides</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2011</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_J._Sargent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas J. Sargent (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Thomas J. Sargent</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christopher_A._Sims&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christopher A. Sims (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Christopher A. Sims</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2012</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alvin_E._Roth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alvin E. Roth (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Alvin E. Roth</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Shapley" title="Lloyd Shapley">Lloyd S. Shapley</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2013</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eugene_Fama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eugene Fama (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Eugene Fama</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lars_Peter_Hansen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lars Peter Hansen (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Lars Peter Hansen</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_J._Shiller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert J. Shiller (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Robert J. Shiller</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2014</span> <a href="/wiki/Jean_Tirole" title="Jean Tirole">Jean Tirole</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2015</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Angus_Deaton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Angus Deaton (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Angus Deaton</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2016</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oliver_Hart_(iqtisodchi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oliver Hart (iqtisodchi) (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Oliver Hart</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bengt_Holmstr%C3%B6m&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bengt Holmström (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Bengt Holmström</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2017</span> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Thaler" title="Richard Thaler">Richard Thaler</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2018</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Nordhaus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Nordhaus (sahifa yaratilmagan)">William Nordhaus</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Romer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Romer (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Paul Romer</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2019</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abhijit_Banerjee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abhijit Banerjee (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Abhijit Banerjee</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Esther_Duflo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Esther Duflo (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Esther Duflo</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Kremer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Kremer (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Michael Kremer</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2020</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Milgrom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Milgrom (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Paul Milgrom</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_B._Wilson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert B. Wilson (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Robert B. Wilson</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2021</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joshua_Angrist&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joshua Angrist (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Joshua Angrist</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Card&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Card (sahifa yaratilmagan)">David Card</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Guido_Imbens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guido Imbens (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Guido Imbens</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2022</span> <a href="/wiki/Ben_Bernanke" title="Ben Bernanke">Ben Bernanke</a> / <a href="/wiki/Douglas_Diamond" title="Douglas Diamond">Douglas Diamond</a> / <a href="/wiki/Philip_Dybvig" class="mw-redirect" title="Philip Dybvig">Philip Dybvig</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2023</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Claudia_Goldin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Claudia Goldin (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Claudia Goldin</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2024</span> <a href="/wiki/Daron_Acemoglu" title="Daron Acemoglu">Daron Acemoglu</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Simon_Johnson_(iqtisodchi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simon Johnson (iqtisodchi) (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Simon Johnson</a> / <a href="/wiki/James_A._Robinson" title="James A. Robinson">James A. 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