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<span>Viewing</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Viewing-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Viewing subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Viewing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Windows_7" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Windows_7"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Windows 7</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Windows_7-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Displaying_special_characters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Displaying_special_characters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Displaying special characters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Displaying_special_characters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Choosing_a_font" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Choosing_a_font"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Choosing a font</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Choosing_a_font-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Changing_Google_Chrome's_default_font" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Changing_Google_Chrome's_default_font"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Changing Google Chrome's default font</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Changing_Google_Chrome's_default_font-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Changing_Mozilla_Firefox's_default_font" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Changing_Mozilla_Firefox's_default_font"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Changing Mozilla Firefox's default font</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Changing_Mozilla_Firefox's_default_font-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Changing_Internet_Explorer's_(IE)_default_font" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Changing_Internet_Explorer's_(IE)_default_font"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Changing Internet Explorer's (IE) default font</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Changing_Internet_Explorer's_(IE)_default_font-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fonts_for_specific_writing_systems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fonts_for_specific_writing_systems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Fonts for specific writing systems</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Fonts_for_specific_writing_systems-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Fonts for specific writing systems subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Fonts_for_specific_writing_systems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ancient_scripts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ancient_scripts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Ancient scripts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ancient_scripts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Egyptian_hieroglyphic_text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Egyptian_hieroglyphic_text"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Egyptian hieroglyphic text</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Egyptian_hieroglyphic_text-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Glagolitic_text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Glagolitic_text"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Glagolitic text</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Glagolitic_text-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shavian_text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shavian_text"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Shavian text</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shavian_text-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IPA_symbols" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IPA_symbols"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>IPA symbols</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IPA_symbols-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-What_character_encoding_does_Wikipedia_use?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#What_character_encoding_does_Wikipedia_use?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>What character encoding does Wikipedia use?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-What_character_encoding_does_Wikipedia_use?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">Help</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">Special characters</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 26 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-26" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">26 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilfe:Sonderzeichen" title="Hilfe:Sonderzeichen – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Hilfe:Sonderzeichen" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C7%A3dia:Sundort%C3%A1cnu" title="Wikipǣdia:Sundortácnu – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Wikipǣdia:Sundortácnu" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huif:Sonderzeichen" title="Huif:Sonderzeichen – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Huif:Sonderzeichen" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Car%C3%A0cters_especials" title="Ajuda:Caràcters especials – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ajuda:Caràcters especials" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A1pov%C4%9Bda:Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD_znaky" title="Nápověda:Speciální znaky – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nápověda:Speciální znaky" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilfe:Sonderzeichen" title="Hilfe:Sonderzeichen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hilfe:Sonderzeichen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayuda:Caracteres_especiales" title="Ayuda:Caracteres especiales – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ayuda:Caracteres especiales" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aide:Caract%C3%A8res_sp%C3%A9ciaux" title="Aide:Caractères spéciaux – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Aide:Caractères spéciaux" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axuda:Caracteres_especiais" title="Axuda:Caracteres especiais – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Axuda:Caracteres especiais" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EC%9B%80%EB%A7%90:%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98_%EB%AC%B8%EC%9E%90" title="도움말:특수 문자 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="도움말:특수 문자" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pomoc:Specialne_znamje%C5%A1ka" title="Pomoc:Specialne znamješka – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Pomoc:Specialne znamješka" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bantuan:Karakter_istimewa" title="Bantuan:Karakter istimewa – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bantuan:Karakter istimewa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aiuto:Caratteri_speciali" title="Aiuto:Caratteri speciali – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Aiuto:Caratteri speciali" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Sonnerzeechen" title="Wikipedia:Sonnerzeechen – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Wikipedia:Sonnerzeechen" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:K%C3%BCl%C3%B6nleges_%C3%ADr%C3%A1sjelek" title="Wikipédia:Különleges írásjelek – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Wikipédia:Különleges írásjelek" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Speciale_tekens" title="Help:Speciale tekens – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Help:Speciale tekens" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Caract%C3%A8rs_especials" title="Ajuda:Caractèrs especials – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ajuda:Caractèrs especials" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndihm%C3%AB:Karakteret_e_ve%C3%A7anta" title="Ndihmë:Karakteret e veçanta – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ndihmë:Karakteret e veçanta" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%8B%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%94:Special_characters" title="උදවු:Special characters – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="උදවු:Special characters" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitulung:Karakter_husus" title="Pitulung:Karakter husus – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Pitulung:Karakter husus" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Specialtecken" title="Wikipedia:Specialtecken – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Wikipedia:Specialtecken" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%80%D0%B4%D3%99%D0%BC:Maxsus_bilgel%C3%A4r" title="Ярдәм:Maxsus bilgelär – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Ярдәм:Maxsus bilgelär" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA:%D8%AE%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B5%DB%8C_%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%81" title="معاونت:خصوصی حروف – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="معاونت:خصوصی حروف" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Special_characters" title="Help:Special characters – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="Help:Special characters" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D%E5%90%8C%E7%AC%A6%E8%99%9F" title="Help:特殊字母同符號 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="Help:特殊字母同符號" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D%E8%88%87%E7%AC%A6%E8%99%9F" title="Help:特殊字母與符號 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Help:特殊字母與符號" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8615887#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Character references</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238436933">.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 0;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);box-sizing:border-box;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{border:2px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ombox-delete{border:2px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ombox-content{border:1px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ombox-style{border:1px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ombox-move{border:1px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ombox-protection{border:2px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 10%}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.ombox img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}</style><table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Twemoji_1f527.svg/30px-Twemoji_1f527.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Twemoji_1f527.svg/45px-Twemoji_1f527.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Twemoji_1f527.svg/60px-Twemoji_1f527.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div style="padding-top: 6px; padding-bottom: 5px;"><b>This help page is a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Project_namespace#Wikipedia_how-to_and_information_pages" title="Wikipedia:Project namespace">how-to guide</a>.</b><br /><div style="font-size: 90%;">It explains concepts or processes used by the Wikipedia community. It is not one of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Policies_and_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines">Wikipedia's policies or guidelines</a>, and may reflect varying levels of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus" title="Wikipedia:Consensus">consensus</a>.</div></div></td><td class="mbox-imageright"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1252059228">.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain{float:right;margin:0 0 0 1em;border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);background-color:var(--background-color-base,#fff);padding:0.3em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;text-align:center;font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxleft{float:left;margin:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutlist{display:inline-block;border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);margin-bottom:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain ul{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutanchordiv{position:relative;top:-3em}.mw-parser-output li .module-shortcutanchordiv{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mbox-imageright .module-shortcutboxplain{padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 1em;line-height:1.3;margin:0}</style><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="H:SC"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=H:SC&redirect=no">H:SC</a></span></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Many characters not on the standard computer keyboard will be useful—even necessary—for many pages, and for editions of Wikipedia in other languages. This page contains recommendations for which characters are safe to use and how to enter them. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Editing" data-mw-thread-id="h-Editing"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Editing"></span>Editing<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Editing"></span></h2></div> <p>See <a href="/wiki/Help:Entering_special_characters" title="Help:Entering special characters">Help:Entering special characters</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Viewing" data-mw-thread-id="h-Viewing"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Viewing"></span>Viewing<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Viewing"></span></h2></div> <p>Most current browsers have some level of Unicode support, but some do it better than others. The most commonly encountered problem is that browsers running on Windows XP rely on preconfigured font links in the registry rather than actually searching for a font that can display the character in question. This means that the browser often had to be forced to use particular fonts. On the English Wikipedia, there are a set of templates to do this. For example, <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:IPA" title="Template:IPA">IPA</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> for the <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">International Phonetic Alphabet</a>. The stuff in <a href="/wiki/Windows_Glyph_List_4" title="Windows Glyph List 4">Windows Glyph List 4</a> should be safe to use without such special measures. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Windows_7" data-mw-thread-id="h-Windows_7-Viewing"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Windows_7-Viewing"></span>Windows 7<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Windows_7-Viewing"></span></h3></div> <p>Unicode support is extended through installing the optional standalone Windows Update package KB2729094,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> available for both <b><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=30521">32-bit</a></b> and <b><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=30566">64-bit</a></b> versions of <a href="/wiki/Windows_7_SP1" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows 7 SP1">Windows 7 SP1</a> from the Microsoft Download Center. This <a href="/wiki/Backport" class="mw-redirect" title="Backport">backport</a> from Windows 8 updates the <a href="/wiki/Segoe#Segoe_UI" title="Segoe">Segoe UI</a> font by adding browser support for <a href="/wiki/Emoji" title="Emoji">Emoji</a> and other symbols to Windows 7. More Emoji characters can be installed by copying the Segoe UI Emoji font file, seguiemj.ttf, from another computer running Windows 8 or later, into the Windows 7 computer. Newer Windows versions provide more emoji characters than older versions. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Displaying_special_characters" data-mw-thread-id="h-Displaying_special_characters-Viewing"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Displaying_special_characters-Viewing"></span>Displaying special characters<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Displaying_special_characters-Viewing"></span></h3></div> <p>To display Unicode or special characters on web page(s), one or more of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_typefaces#Unicode_fonts" title="List of typefaces">Unicode fonts</a> need to be present or installed in your computer, first. For proper working functionality, <i>setup</i> or <i>configuration</i> or <i>settings</i> from the web page viewing browser software also needs to be modified. </p><p>Special symbols should display properly without further configuration with <a href="/wiki/Konqueror" title="Konqueror">Konqueror</a>, <a href="/wiki/Opera_(Internet_suite)" class="mw-redirect" title="Opera (Internet suite)">Opera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Safari_(web_browser)" title="Safari (web browser)">Safari</a>, and most other recent browsers. An optional step that can be taken for better (and correct) display of characters with <a href="/wiki/Ligature_(typography)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ligature (typography)">ligature</a> forms, <a href="/wiki/Combining_character" title="Combining character">combined characters</a>, after the previously mentioned steps were followed, is to install a <a href="/wiki/Unicode#Multilingual_text-rendering_engines" title="Unicode">rendering engine</a> software. </p><p>For displaying individual special characters, HTML decimal or <a href="/wiki/Hexadecimal" title="Hexadecimal">hexadecimal</a> numeric entity codes can be used in the place of the <i>char</i>. If a paragraph with lots of special Unicode characters needs to be displayed, then, <code><p class="Unicode"></code> ... <code></p></code>, or, <code><span class="Unicode"></code> ... <code></span></code> can also be used. </p><p>The <code>class="Unicode"</code> is to be used in web page(s), HTML or wiki tags, where various characters from wide range of various Unicode blocks need to be displayed. If the special characters that need to be displayed on web page(s) are mostly covering fewer Unicode blocks, related to <a href="/wiki/Unicode_Latin" class="mw-redirect" title="Unicode Latin">Latin scripts</a>, then <code>class="latinx"</code> can be used. For special characters or symbols related to <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">International Phonetic Alphabet</a>, <code>class="IPA"</code> can be used. For <a href="/wiki/Polytonic_orthography" class="mw-redirect" title="Polytonic orthography">polytonic (Greek)</a> characters or related symbols, <code>class="polytonic"</code> can be used. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Choosing_a_font" data-mw-thread-id="h-Choosing_a_font-Viewing"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Choosing_a_font-Viewing"></span>Choosing a font<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Choosing_a_font-Viewing"></span></h3></div> <p>Some freely available fonts that include many <a href="/wiki/Unicode_blocks" class="mw-redirect" title="Unicode blocks">Unicode blocks</a> are <a href="/wiki/TITUS_Cyberbit_Basic" class="mw-redirect" title="TITUS Cyberbit Basic">TITUS Cyberbit Basic</a> and <a href="/wiki/GNU_Unifont" title="GNU Unifont">GNU Unifont</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Unicode_font" title="Unicode font">Unicode font</a> article provides a more general overview through <a href="/wiki/Unicode_font#List_of_Unicode_fonts" title="Unicode font">this table</a>. If you already know what specific blocks are needed, <a href="/wiki/Unicode_font#Comparison_of_fonts" title="Unicode font">this section</a> may be more useful. Most articles on specific scripts include information on the corresponding Unicode block. </p><p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_information_vote.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="information" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Symbol_information_vote.svg/20px-Symbol_information_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Symbol_information_vote.svg/40px-Symbol_information_vote.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span><b> Note:</b> Many websites (including Wikimedia sites) default to serif or sans-serif fonts depending upon the page element (e.g. headings may default to serif, and body text to sans serif) so it may be necessary to use <a href="/wiki/Help:CSS" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:CSS">custom CSS styling</a> if you wish to override this and force a certain font. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Changing_Google_Chrome's_default_font" data-mw-thread-id="h-Changing_Google_Chrome's_default_font-Viewing"><span id="Changing_Google_Chrome.27s_default_font"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Changing_Google_Chrome's_default_font-Viewing"></span>Changing Google Chrome's default font<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Changing_Google_Chrome's_default_font-Viewing"></span></h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Google Chrome</a> allows the user to set default fonts for normal, serif, sans-serif and monospace display modes. Any font that is currently installed on the system may be used. To access this setting, click the three-dot options icon on the top right of the browser window and select <b>Settings</b>. Scroll to the <b>Appearance</b> section, and click <b>Customize fonts</b>. Here, you can select any fonts on your system to use as defaults. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Changing_Mozilla_Firefox's_default_font" data-mw-thread-id="h-Changing_Mozilla_Firefox's_default_font-Viewing"><span id="Changing_Mozilla_Firefox.27s_default_font"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Changing_Mozilla_Firefox's_default_font-Viewing"></span>Changing Mozilla Firefox's default font<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Changing_Mozilla_Firefox's_default_font-Viewing"></span></h3></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Mozilla_Firefox" class="mw-redirect" title="Mozilla Firefox">Mozilla Firefox</a>, to change the font, you need to open the <b>Settings</b> window though the <b>Tools</b> menu or the menu button. In the <b>General</b> panel, scroll to <b>Fonts and Colors</b> and choose an appropriate font. Usually, any font installed on your system should be available. You may also click <b>Advanced</b> to disable custom fonts and choose different fonts for proportional, serif, sans-serif and monospace, but this doesn't seem to be always required. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Changing_Internet_Explorer's_(IE)_default_font" data-mw-thread-id="h-Changing_Internet_Explorer's_(IE)_default_font-Viewing"><span id="Changing_Internet_Explorer.27s_.28IE.29_default_font"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Changing_Internet_Explorer's_(IE)_default_font-Viewing"></span>Changing Internet Explorer's (IE) default font<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Changing_Internet_Explorer's_(IE)_default_font-Viewing"></span></h3></div> <p>The default font for Latin scripts in older versions of the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer" title="Internet Explorer">Internet Explorer</a> (IE) web browser for Windows is <a href="/wiki/Times_New_Roman" title="Times New Roman">Times New Roman</a>. Older editions of the font don't include many <a href="/wiki/Unicode_block" title="Unicode block">Unicode blocks</a>. To choose a different font, follow this path from the IE menu bar <b>:</b>  <span class="nowrap">Tools > Internet Options > (General tab >) Fonts > Webpage Font:</span><br /> to a scrolling list of fonts and select a different one, such as <a href="/wiki/Lucida_Sans_Unicode" title="Lucida Sans Unicode">Lucida Sans Unicode</a>, and then select <b>OK</b>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Fonts_for_specific_writing_systems" data-mw-thread-id="h-Fonts_for_specific_writing_systems"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Fonts_for_specific_writing_systems"></span>Fonts for specific writing systems<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Fonts_for_specific_writing_systems"></span></h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ancient_scripts" data-mw-thread-id="h-Ancient_scripts-Fonts_for_specific_writing_systems"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Ancient_scripts-Fonts_for_specific_writing_systems"></span>Ancient scripts<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Ancient_scripts-Fonts_for_specific_writing_systems"></span></h3></div> <p>e.g. <a href="/wiki/Phoenician_alphabet" title="Phoenician alphabet">Phoenician alphabet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Old_Italic_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Italic alphabet">Old Italic alphabet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Linear_B" title="Linear B">Linear B</a>, etc. </p> <dl><dt>Windows users</dt></dl> <p>Please download and install one of these freely licensed fonts </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dn-works.com/ufas/">Aegean</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fonts2u.com/akkadian.font">Akkadian/Cuneiform</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scholarsfonts.net/cardofnt.html">Cardo</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wazu.jp/downloads/damase_v.2.zip">MPH 2B Damase</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fonts2u.com/code2000.font">Code2000</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cs.tut.fi/~jkorpela/code2001.html">Code2001</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://junicode.sourceforge.net/">Junicode</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Linux users</dt></dl> <p>If using a <a href="/wiki/Debian" title="Debian">Debian</a>-based Linux (e.g. Ubuntu, Linux Mint), these should be already installed by default. If not, please download and install <a href="/wiki/Deb_(file_format)" title="Deb (file format)">deb package</a> <code>ttf-ancient-fonts</code> by entering in <a href="/wiki/Linux_console" title="Linux console">terminal</a>: </p> <dl><dd><code>sudo apt-get install ttf-ancient-fonts</code></dd> <dd>Note that you need to have administrative privileges to use this command.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Egyptian_hieroglyphic_text" data-mw-thread-id="h-Egyptian_hieroglyphic_text-Fonts_for_specific_writing_systems"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Egyptian_hieroglyphic_text-Fonts_for_specific_writing_systems"></span>Egyptian hieroglyphic text<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Egyptian_hieroglyphic_text-Fonts_for_specific_writing_systems"></span></h3></div> <ul><li><i>Noto Sans Egyptian Hieroglyphs</i> (Open Font License) is available from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fonts.google.com/noto/specimen/Noto+Sans+Egyptian+Hieroglyphs">here</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Glagolitic_text" data-mw-thread-id="h-Glagolitic_text-Fonts_for_specific_writing_systems"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Glagolitic_text-Fonts_for_specific_writing_systems"></span>Glagolitic text<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Glagolitic_text-Fonts_for_specific_writing_systems"></span></h3></div> <ul><li><i>MPH 2B</i> from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wazu.jp/gallery/Fonts_Glagolitic.html">here</a>.</li> <li><i>Menaion Unicode</i> from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ponomar.net/cu_support/fonts.html">here</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Shavian_text" data-mw-thread-id="h-Shavian_text-Fonts_for_specific_writing_systems"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Shavian_text-Fonts_for_specific_writing_systems"></span>Shavian text<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Shavian_text-Fonts_for_specific_writing_systems"></span></h3></div> <ul><li><i>Copyleft</i> is available from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.i18nguy.com/unicode/unicode-font.html">here</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="IPA_symbols" data-mw-thread-id="h-IPA_symbols"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-IPA_symbols"></span>IPA symbols<span data-mw-comment-end="h-IPA_symbols"></span></h2></div> <p>Most <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA symbols</a> are not included in the most widely used form of <a href="/wiki/Times_Roman" class="mw-redirect" title="Times Roman">Times New Roman</a> (though they are included in the version provided with <a href="/wiki/Windows_Vista" title="Windows Vista">Windows Vista</a>), the default font for Latin scripts in <a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer" title="Internet Explorer">Internet Explorer</a> for <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a>. To properly view IPA symbols in that browser, you must set it to use a <a href="/wiki/List_of_typefaces" title="List of typefaces">font</a> which includes the IPA extensions characters. Such fonts include <a href="/wiki/Lucida_Sans_Unicode" title="Lucida Sans Unicode">Lucida Sans Unicode</a>, which comes with <a href="/wiki/Windows_XP" title="Windows XP">Windows XP</a>; <a href="/wiki/Gentium" title="Gentium">Gentium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charis_SIL" title="Charis SIL">Charis SIL</a>, <a href="/wiki/Doulos_SIL" title="Doulos SIL">Doulos SIL</a>, <a href="/wiki/DejaVu_fonts" title="DejaVu fonts">DejaVu Sans</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Bitstream_Cyberbit" title="Bitstream Cyberbit">TITUS Cyberbit</a>, which are <a href="/wiki/Free_software_Unicode_typefaces" class="mw-redirect" title="Free software Unicode typefaces">freely available</a>; or <a href="/wiki/Arial_Unicode_MS" title="Arial Unicode MS">Arial Unicode MS</a>, which comes with <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Office" title="Microsoft Office">Microsoft Office</a>. On this page, we have forced Internet Explorer to use such a font by default, so it should appear correctly, but this has not yet been done to all the other pages containing IPA. This also applies to other pages using <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Special_characters" class="extiw" title="meta:Help:Special characters">special symbols</a>. Bear this in mind if you see error symbols such as "຦" in articles. This also happens with former Spanish N with a small N above (Nᷠ nᷠ), Yañalif N with descender (Ꞑ ꞑ), and Volapük second umlaut variants of A, O and U (Ꞛ ꞛ, Ꞝ ꞝ, and Ꞟ ꞟ). <a href="/wiki/Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Google Chrome</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Chromium_(web_browser)" title="Chromium (web browser)">Chromium</a>-based browsers on Windows have an issue in the font-fallback system, when the font lists for each script is hard coded. Chromium assumes these fonts should always be available, thus only search these fonts, mostly OS-specific through their system fonts, and cannot be user-configured other than changing the default fonts for standard, serif, sans-serif, and fixed-width styles, thus reducing flexibility. Thus some unrecognizable newer characters can't be fixed just by installing suitable external fonts, requiring users to update their operating system to those that contains the missing characters in one of the system fonts.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Special symbols should display properly without further configuration with <a href="/wiki/Mozilla_Firefox" class="mw-redirect" title="Mozilla Firefox">Mozilla Firefox</a>, <a href="/wiki/Konqueror" title="Konqueror">Konqueror</a>, <a href="/wiki/Opera_(web_browser)" title="Opera (web browser)">Opera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Safari_(web_browser)" title="Safari (web browser)">Safari</a> and most other recent browsers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="What_character_encoding_does_Wikipedia_use?" data-mw-thread-id="h-What_character_encoding_does_Wikipedia_use?"><span id="What_character_encoding_does_Wikipedia_use.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-What_character_encoding_does_Wikipedia_use?"></span>What character encoding does Wikipedia use?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-What_character_encoding_does_Wikipedia_use?"></span></h2></div> <p>From MediaWiki 1.5, all projects use <b><a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a> (<a href="/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8">UTF-8</a>)</b> <a href="/wiki/Character_encoding" title="Character encoding">character encoding</a>. Until the end of June 2005, when this new version came into use on Wikimedia projects, the English, Dutch, Danish, and Swedish Wikipedias used <a href="/wiki/Windows-1252" title="Windows-1252">Windows-1252</a> (they declared themselves to be <a href="/wiki/ISO-8859-1" class="mw-redirect" title="ISO-8859-1">ISO-8859-1</a> but in reality browsers treat the two as synonymous and the MediaWiki software made no attempt to prevent use of characters exclusive to windows-1252). Pre-upgrade wikitext in their databases remains stored in Windows-1252 and is converted on load (some of it may also have been converted by gradual changes in the way history is stored). Edits made since the upgrade will be stored as UTF-8 in the database. This conversion on load process is invisible to users. It is also invisible to reusers as Wikimedia now uses <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Data_dumps/FAQ#What_happened_to_the_SQL_dumps?" class="extiw" title="m:Data dumps/FAQ">XML dumps rather than database dumps</a>. </p> <dl><dt>Unicode (UTF-8)</dt> <dd> <ul><li>a variable number of bytes per character</li> <li>special characters, including <a href="/wiki/CJK" class="mw-redirect" title="CJK">CJK</a> characters, can be treated like normal ones; not only the webpage, but also the edit box shows the character; in addition it is possible to use the multi-character codes; they are not automatically converted in the edit box.</li></ul></dd></dl> <dl><dt>ISO 8859-1</dt> <dd> <ul><li>one byte per character</li> <li>special characters that are not available in the limited character set are stored in the form of a multi-character code; there are usually two or three equivalent representations, e.g. for the character € the <b>named character reference</b> <code>&euro;</code> and the <b>decimal character reference</b> <code>&#8364;</code> and the <b>hexadecimal character reference</b> <code>&#x20AC;</code>. The edit box shows the entered code, the webpage the resulting character. Unavailable characters which are copied into the edit box are first displayed as the character, and <a href="/wiki/Help:Automatic_conversion_of_wikitext" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Automatic conversion of wikitext">automatically converted</a> to their decimal codes on Preview or Publish changes.</li> <li>the most common special characters, such as é, are in the character set, so code like <code>&eacute;</code>, although allowed, is not needed.</li></ul></dd></dl> <p>Note that Special:Export exports using UTF-8 even if the database is encoded in ISO 8859-1, at least that was the case for the English Wikipedia, already when it used version 1.4. To find out which character set applies in a project, use the browser's "View Source" feature and look for something like this: </p> <dl><dd><code><meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"/></code></dd></dl> <p>or </p> <dl><dd><code><meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/></code></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="See_also" data-mw-thread-id="h-See_also"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-See_also"></span>See also<span data-mw-comment-end="h-See_also"></span></h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unicode_font" title="Unicode font">Unicode font</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unicode_input" title="Unicode input">Unicode input</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Mathematical_symbols" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Mathematical symbols">Wikipedia:Mathematical symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Wiki_markup" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Wiki markup">Help:Wiki markup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula" title="Help:Displaying a formula">Help:Displaying a formula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Turkish_characters" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Turkish characters">Help:Turkish characters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Contains_special_characters/templates" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Contains special characters/templates">Template:Contains special characters/templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_XML_and_HTML_character_entity_references" title="List of XML and HTML character entity references">List of XML and HTML character entity references</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="References" data-mw-thread-id="h-References"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-References"></span>References<span data-mw-comment-end="h-References"></span></h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.microsoft.com/kb/2729094">"An update for the Segoe UI symbol font in Windows 7 and in Windows Server 2008 R2 is available (KB2729094)"</a>. <i>Windows Knowledge Base</i>. <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Corporation">Microsoft Corporation</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Windows+Knowledge+Base&rft.atitle=An+update+for+the+Segoe+UI+symbol+font+in+Windows+7+and+in+Windows+Server+2008+R2+is+available+%28KB2729094%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsupport.microsoft.com%2Fkb%2F2729094&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelp%3ASpecial+characters" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/chromium/chromium/blob/master/third_party/blink/renderer/platform/fonts/win/font_fallback_win.cc#L99">"chromium/font_fallback_win.cc at master - chromium/chromium"</a>. <i>GitHub</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GitHub&rft.atitle=chromium%2Ffont_fallback_win.cc+at+master+-+chromium%2Fchromium&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fchromium%2Fchromium%2Fblob%2Fmaster%2Fthird_party%2Fblink%2Frenderer%2Fplatform%2Ffonts%2Fwin%2Ffont_fallback_win.cc%23L99&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelp%3ASpecial+characters" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/29241764/how-do-web-browsers-implement-font-fallback">"How do web browsers implement font fallback?"</a>. <i>StackOverflow</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=StackOverflow&rft.atitle=How+do+web+browsers+implement+font+fallback%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstackoverflow.com%2Fquestions%2F29241764%2Fhow-do-web-browsers-implement-font-fallback&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHelp%3ASpecial+characters" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="External_links" data-mw-thread-id="h-External_links"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-External_links"></span>External links<span data-mw-comment-end="h-External_links"></span></h2></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unicode.org/charts/">Unicode Character Code Charts</a>—Hexadecimal numbers only; PDF files showing all characters independent of browser capabilities</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.unicode.org/help/display_problems.html">http://www.unicode.org/help/display_problems.html</a> Help for enabling Unicode support on most platforms</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://unicode.coeurlumiere.com/">Table of Unicode characters from 1 to 65535</a>—shows how the decimal character references look in one's browser</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alanwood.net/demos/ent4_frame.html">HTML 4.0 Character Entity References</a>—shows how the named and decimal character references look in one's browser</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fileformat.info/info/unicode/block/index.htm">FileFormat.Info</a>—details of many Unicode characters, including the named, decimal and hexadecimal character reference, showing how it should look and for each, how it looks in one's browser</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alanwood.net/unicode/index.html">Alan Wood's Unicode resources</a>—comprehensive resource with character test pages for all Unicode ranges, as well as OS-specific Unicode support information and links to fonts and utilities</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.branah.com/unicode-converter">Unicode Converter - Decimal, text, URL, and unicode converter</a>—conversion between copy-pasteable characters, Unicode notation, html, percent encodings and other formats, helpful when trying to enter or interpret characters</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rishida.net/tools/conversion/">Unicode Code Converter</a>—conversion between copy-pasteable characters, Unicode notation, html, percent encodings and other formats, helpful when trying to enter or interpret characters</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://shapecatcher.com">Shapecatcher</a>—online tool to find Unicode characters by drawing them</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_help_pages" title="Template:Wikipedia help pages"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wikipedia_help_pages" title="Template talk:Wikipedia help pages"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia_help_pages" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia help pages"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wikipedia_help_pages2185" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Directory" title="Help:Directory">Wikipedia help pages</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div> <ul><li><b>Visit the <i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Teahouse" title="Wikipedia:Teahouse">Teahouse</a></i> or the <i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Help_desk" title="Wikipedia:Help desk">Help desk</a></i> for an interactive <abbr title="questions and answers">Q & A</abbr> forum.</b></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ" title="Wikipedia:FAQ">FAQs</a></b> <b><abbr title="This is a list of frequently asked questions about using and contributing to Wikipedia.">(?)</abbr></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk" title="Wikipedia:Reference desk">Reference desks</a></b> <b><abbr title="Works like a library reference desk. Ask a question here and Wikipedia volunteers will try to answer it.">(?)</abbr></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Noticeboards" title="Wikipedia:Noticeboards">Noticeboards</a></b> <b><abbr title="Pages where editors can ask questions and request assistance from people who are familiar with the policies and guidelines covered by each individual board.">(?)</abbr></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Help:Cheatsheet" title="Help:Cheatsheet">Cheatsheet</a></b> <b><abbr title="For a list of the most commonly used Wiki markup and templates.">(?)</abbr></b></li> <li><b> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Directories_and_indexes" title="Wikipedia:Directories and indexes">Directories</a></b> <b><abbr title="For a list of Wikipedia's directories and indexes.">(?)</abbr></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a> <abbr title="Wikipedia's governess and customs">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Administration" title="Wikipedia:Administration">Administration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Purpose" title="Wikipedia:Purpose">Purpose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Five_pillars" title="Wikipedia:Five pillars">Principles</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Policies_and_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines">Policies and guidelines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">What Wikipedia is not</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer" title="Wikipedia:General disclaimer">Disclaimer</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Advice_for_parents" title="Wikipedia:Advice for parents">parental advice</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Request_directory" title="Wikipedia:Request directory">Making requests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Who_writes_Wikipedia%3F" title="Wikipedia:Who writes Wikipedia?">Who writes Wikipedia?</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reader%27s_index_to_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Reader's index to Wikipedia">Help for readers</a> <abbr title="Concerns and questions readers may have about Wikipedia">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Readers" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Readers">FAQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_book_creator_status" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia book creator status">Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Copyright" title="Help:Copyright">Copyright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Glossary" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Glossary">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Mobile_access" title="Help:Mobile access">Mobile access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Navigation" title="Help:Navigation">Navigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Other_languages" title="Help:Other languages">Other languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Searching" title="Help:Searching">Searching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Student_help" title="Help:Student help">Students</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Viewing_media" title="Help:Viewing media">Viewing media</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contributing_to_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Contributing to Wikipedia">Contributing<br />to Wikipedia</a> <abbr title="Overviews and resources needed to comprehend, comment on, and edit">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Guidance_for_younger_editors" title="Wikipedia:Guidance for younger editors">Advice for young editors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoiding_common_mistakes" title="Wikipedia:Avoiding common mistakes">Avoiding common mistakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Etiquette" title="Wikipedia:Etiquette">Etiquette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simplified_Manual_of_Style" title="Wikipedia:Simplified Manual of Style">Simplified Manual of Style</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simplified_ruleset" title="Wikipedia:Simplified ruleset">Simplified rule-set</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ignore_all_rules" title="Wikipedia:Ignore all rules">"Ignore all rules"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_rules_are_principles" title="Wikipedia:The rules are principles">"The rules are principles"</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Styletips" title="Wikipedia:Styletips">Style-tips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tip_of_the_day" title="Wikipedia:Tip of the day">Tip of the day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Your_first_article" title="Help:Your first article">Your first article</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_wizard" title="Wikipedia:Article wizard">article wizard</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Getting_started" title="Help:Getting started">Getting started</a> <abbr title="Introductions and tutorials">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Why_create_an_account%3F" title="Wikipedia:Why create an account?">Why create an account?</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Help:Introduction">Introductions by topic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Graphics_tutorials" title="Wikipedia:Graphics tutorials">Graphics tutorials</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Pictures" title="Help:Pictures">Picture tutorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial" title="Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial">IRC <span style="font-size: 85%;">(live chat)</span> tutorial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:VisualEditor/User_guide" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:VisualEditor/User guide">VisualEditor user guide</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Dos and don'ts">Dos and don'ts</a> <abbr title="Wikipedia policies, guidelines, and formatting standards in bullet points">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accessibility_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Accessibility dos and don'ts">Accessibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biography_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Biography dos and don'ts">Biographies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons dos and don'ts">Biographies (living)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorization_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Categorization dos and don'ts">Categorization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Consensus dos and don'ts">Consensus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Talk_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Talk dos and don'ts">Discussions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Disambiguation_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Disambiguation dos and don'ts">Disambiguation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Image_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Image dos and don'ts">Images</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lead_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Lead dos and don'ts">Leads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Linking_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Linking dos and don'ts">Links</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:List dos and don'ts">Lists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:References_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:References dos and don'ts">References</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Table_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Table dos and don'ts">Tables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_title_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:Article title dos and don'ts">Titles (of articles)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_how-to" title="Category:Wikipedia how-to">How-to pages</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_information_pages" title="Category:Wikipedia information pages">information pages</a> <abbr title="Topic specific informative and instructional pages">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Guide_to_appealing_blocks" title="Wikipedia:Guide to appealing blocks">Appealing blocks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Guide_to_deletion" title="Wikipedia:Guide to deletion">Article deletion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Citations_quick_reference" title="Help:Citations quick reference">Citations/references</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">Referencing for beginners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1" title="Help:Citation Style 1">Citation Style 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Cite_errors" title="Help:Cite errors">Cite errors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:References_and_page_numbers" title="Help:References and page numbers">References and page numbers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Convert" title="Help:Convert">Convert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Diff" title="Help:Diff">Diff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Editing" title="Help:Editing">Editing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Minor_edit" title="Help:Minor edit">Minor edit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_toolbar" title="Help:Edit toolbar">toolbar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_conflict" title="Help:Edit conflict">edit conflict</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Find_sources" title="Help:Find sources">Find sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Files" title="Help:Files">Files</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Footnotes" title="Help:Footnotes">Footnotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Guide_to_image_deletion" title="Wikipedia:Guide to image deletion">Image deletion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Infobox" title="Help:Infobox">Infoboxes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Link" title="Help:Link">Linking</a> (<a href="/wiki/Help:Link_color" title="Help:Link color">link color</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Logging_in" title="Help:Logging in">Logging in</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Merging" title="Wikipedia:Merging">Merging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Unreviewed_new_page" title="Help:Unreviewed new page">New page review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Page_name" title="Help:Page name">Page name</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:How_to_move_a_page" title="Help:How to move a page">Renaming pages</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Redirect" title="Help:Redirect">Redirect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Reset_password" title="Help:Reset password">Passwords</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Email_confirmation" title="Help:Email confirmation">Email confirmation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Reverting" title="Help:Reverting">Reverting</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Simple_guide_to_vandalism_cleanup" title="Help:Simple guide to vandalism cleanup">Simple vandalism cleanup</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Talk_pages" title="Help:Talk pages">Talk pages</a> (<a href="/wiki/Help:Archiving_a_talk_page" title="Help:Archiving a talk page">archiving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Archiving_(plain_and_simple)" title="Help:Archiving (plain and simple)">simple archiving</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:User_contributions" title="Help:User contributions">User contributions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:WP_search_protocol" title="Help:WP search protocol">WP search protocol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wiki_markup" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiki markup">Coding</a> <abbr title="Wikitext information consists of the syntax used to format a page">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Wikitext" title="Help:Wikitext">Wiki markup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Barchart" title="Help:Barchart">Barcharts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Calculation" title="Help:Calculation">Calculations</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Characters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Columns" title="Help:Columns">Columns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Elevation" title="Help:Elevation">Elevation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Hidden_text" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Hidden text">Hidden text</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:HTML_in_wikitext" title="Help:HTML in wikitext">HTML</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:List" title="Help:List">Lists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Magic_words" title="Help:Magic words">Magic words</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Musical_symbols" title="Help:Musical symbols">Music symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Section" title="Help:Section">Sections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Sound_file_markup" title="Help:Sound file markup">Sounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Table" title="Help:Table">Tables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Template" title="Help:Template">Templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Transclusion" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Transclusion">Transclusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:URL" title="Help:URL">URL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Visual_file_markup" title="Help:Visual file markup">Visual files</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Directories_and_indexes" title="Wikipedia:Directories and indexes">Directories</a> <abbr title="Wikipedia's directories and indexes">(?)</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_abbreviations" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia abbreviations">Abbreviations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Wikipedia:Contents">Contents</a> <small>(Encyclopedia proper)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Department_directory" title="Wikipedia:Department directory">Departments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Editor%27s_index_to_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Editor's index to Wikipedia">Editor's index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Essay_directory" title="Wikipedia:Essay directory">Essays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Index" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Index">FAQs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Glossary" title="Wikipedia:Glossary">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:List of guidelines">Guidelines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Contents" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Contents">Manual of Style </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_policies" title="Wikipedia:List of policies">Policies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Maintenance" title="Wikipedia:Maintenance">Tasks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tips" title="Wikipedia:Tips">Tips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools" title="Wikipedia:Tools">Tools</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div><b> <a href="/wiki/Help:Wikipedia:_The_Missing_Manual" title="Help:Wikipedia: The Missing Manual">Missing Manual</a></b> <hr /> <span class="noprint plainlinks" title="Edit Special:MyTalk"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:MyTalk&action=edit&section=new&preload=Help:Contents/helpmepreload&preloadtitle=Help+me%21"><b>Ask for help on your talk page</b></a></span> <b><abbr title="If you need help, you can use this link to ask a question on your talk page; a volunteer will visit you there shortly!">(?)</abbr></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wikipedia_technical_help1389" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_technical_help" title="Template:Wikipedia technical help"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wikipedia_technical_help" title="Template talk:Wikipedia technical help"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia_technical_help" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia technical help"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wikipedia_technical_help1389" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Directory#Technical_help" title="Help:Directory">Wikipedia technical help</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div><b>Get personal technical help at <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Teahouse" title="Wikipedia:Teahouse">the Teahouse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Help_desk" title="Wikipedia:Help desk">help desk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Village_pump_(technical)" title="Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)">village pump (technical)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_talk_pages/1" title="Help:Introduction to talk pages/1">talk pages</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC" title="Wikipedia:IRC">IRC</a>.</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical">General<br />technical help</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Browser_notes" title="Wikipedia:Browser notes">Browser notes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bypass_your_cache" title="Wikipedia:Bypass your cache">Bypass cache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Keyboard_shortcuts" title="Help:Keyboard shortcuts">Keyboard shortcuts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Editing" title="Help:Editing">Editing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:CharInsert" title="Help:CharInsert">CharInsert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_conflict" title="Help:Edit conflict">Edit conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_toolbar" title="Help:Edit toolbar">Edit toolbar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Reverting" title="Help:Reverting">Reverting</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_create_a_page" title="Wikipedia:How to create a page">How to create a page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC" title="Wikipedia:IRC">IRC</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial" title="Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial">Tutorial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Mobile_access" title="Help:Mobile access">Mobile access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Multilingual_support" title="Help:Multilingual support">Multilingual support</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Page_history" title="Help:Page history">Page history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Page_information" title="Help:Page information">Page information</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Page_name" title="Wikipedia:Page name">Page name</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Page_name" title="Help:Page name">Help</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Printing" title="Help:Printing">Printing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Software_notices" title="Wikipedia:Software notices">Software notices</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Editnotice" title="Wikipedia:Editnotice">Editnotice</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Special Characters</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Entering_special_characters" title="Help:Entering special characters">Entering</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_access_levels" title="Wikipedia:User access levels">User access levels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:VisualEditor" title="Wikipedia:VisualEditor">VisualEditor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:VisualEditor" title="Help:VisualEditor">Help</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="Special:SpecialPages">Special<br />page</a>-related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Special_page" title="Help:Special page">Special page help</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:AllPages" title="Help:AllPages">AllPages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Edit_filter" title="Wikipedia:Edit filter">Edit filter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Emailing_users" title="Wikipedia:Emailing users">Emailing users</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Logging_in" title="Help:Logging in">Logging in</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Reset_password" title="Help:Reset password">Reset passwords</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Log" title="Help:Log">Logs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Moving_a_page" title="Wikipedia:Moving a page">Moving a page</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:History_merging" title="Wikipedia:History merging">History merging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:When_to_place_technical_requests_in_%22Administrator_needed%22" title="Help:When to place technical requests in "Administrator needed"">Non-admin and admin-only page moves</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Notifications" title="Help:Notifications">Notifications/Echo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Notifications/FAQ" title="Help:Notifications/FAQ">FAQ</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Page_Curation/Help" title="Wikipedia:Page Curation/Help">Page Curation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Import" title="Help:Import">Page import</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pending_changes" title="Wikipedia:Pending changes">Pending changes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Random" title="Wikipedia:Random">Random pages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Recent_changes" title="Help:Recent changes">Recent changes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Related_changes" title="Help:Related changes">Related changes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Searching" title="Help:Searching">Searching</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Linksearch" title="Help:Linksearch">Linksearch</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tags" title="Wikipedia:Tags">Tags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:User_contributions" title="Help:User contributions">User contributions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Watchlist" title="Help:Watchlist">Watchlist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:What_links_here" title="Help:What links here">What links here</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Wikitext" title="Help:Wikitext">Wikitext</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Wikitext" title="Help:Wikitext">Wikitext</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Cheatsheet" title="Help:Cheatsheet">Cheatsheet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Columns" title="Help:Columns">Columns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Line-break_handling" title="Help:Line-break handling">Line-break handling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:List" title="Help:List">Lists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Magic_words" title="Help:Magic words">Magic words</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Magic_words_for_beginners" title="Help:Magic words for beginners">For beginners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Conditional_expressions" title="Help:Conditional expressions">Conditional expressions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Switch_parser_function" title="Help:Switch parser function">Switch parser function</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Time_function" title="Help:Time function">Time function</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Redirect" title="Help:Redirect">Redirects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Section" title="Help:Section">Sections and TOCs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Table" title="Help:Table">Tables</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_tables_with_Wiki_Markup/1" title="Help:Introduction to tables with Wiki Markup/1">Introduction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Basic_table_markup" title="Help:Basic table markup">Basics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Advanced_table_formatting" title="Help:Advanced table formatting">Advanced table formatting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Collapsing_tables_and_more" title="Help:Collapsing tables and more">Collapsing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Conditional_tables" title="Help:Conditional tables">Conditional tables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Sortable_tables" title="Help:Sortable tables">Sortable tables</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Using_colours" title="Help:Using colours">Using colours</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Link" title="Help:Link">Links</a> and <a href="/wiki/Help:Diff" title="Help:Diff">diffs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Link" title="Help:Link">Links</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Interlanguage_links" title="Help:Interlanguage links">Interlanguage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Interwiki_linking" title="Help:Interwiki linking">Interwiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Permanent_link" title="Help:Permanent link">Permanent</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Diff" title="Help:Diff">Diffs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simplest_diff_guide" title="Wikipedia:Simplest diff guide">Simplest diff guide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simple_diff_and_link_guide" title="Wikipedia:Simple diff and link guide">Simple diff and link guide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Complete_diff_and_link_guide" title="Wikipedia:Complete diff and link guide">Complete diff and link guide</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Colon_trick" title="Help:Colon trick">Colon trick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Link_color" title="Help:Link color">Link color</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Pipe_trick" title="Help:Pipe trick">Pipe trick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:URL" title="Help:URL">URLs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Media" class="mw-disambig" title="Wikipedia:Media">Media</a> files: images,<br />videos and sounds</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">Media help</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Files" title="Help:Files">Files</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Creation_and_usage_of_media_files" title="Help:Creation and usage of media files">Creation and usage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Moving_files_to_Commons" title="Wikipedia:Moving files to Commons">Moving files to Commons</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Images" title="Wikipedia:Images">Images</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_images_with_Wiki_Markup/1" title="Help:Introduction to images with Wiki Markup/1">Introduction to images</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Pictures" title="Help:Pictures">Picture tutorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Preparing_images_for_upload" title="Wikipedia:Preparing images for upload">Preparing images for upload</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Uploading_images" title="Wikipedia:Uploading images">Uploading images</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Options_to_hide_an_image" title="Help:Options to hide an image">Options to hide an image</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Extended_image_syntax" title="Wikipedia:Extended image syntax">Extended image syntax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:SVG_help" title="Wikipedia:SVG help">SVG help</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Gallery_tag" title="Help:Gallery tag">Gallery tag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Graphics_tutorials" title="Wikipedia:Graphics tutorials">Graphics tutorials</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Basic_bitmap_image_editing" title="Wikipedia:Basic bitmap image editing">Basic bitmap image editing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_improve_image_quality" title="Wikipedia:How to improve image quality">How to improve image quality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Graphics_Lab/Resources" title="Wikipedia:Graphics Lab/Resources">Graphics Lab resources</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Sound_file_markup" title="Help:Sound file markup">Sound file markup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Visual_file_markup" title="Help:Visual file markup">Visual file markup</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Other graphics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Family_trees" title="Help:Family trees">Family trees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Graphs_and_charts" title="Wikipedia:Graphs and charts">Graphs and charts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_create_charts_for_Wikipedia_articles" title="Wikipedia:How to create charts for Wikipedia articles">How to create</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Barchart" title="Help:Barchart">Barcharts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:To_scale_charts" title="Wikipedia:To scale charts">To scale charts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula" title="Help:Displaying a formula">Math formulas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula#Use_of_HTML_templates" title="Help:Displaying a formula">Math symbols</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Score" title="Help:Score">Musical scores</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Musical_symbols" title="Help:Musical symbols">Musical symbols</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Timeline" title="Wikipedia:Timeline">Timeline</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:EasyTimeline_syntax" title="Help:EasyTimeline syntax">EasyTimeline syntax</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:WikiHiero_syntax" title="Help:WikiHiero syntax">WikiHiero syntax</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:A_quick_guide_to_templates" title="Help:A quick guide to templates">Templates</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/Lua_(programming_language)" title="Lua (programming language)">Lua</a> modules</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Template" title="Help:Template">Templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Advanced_template_coding" title="Wikipedia:Advanced template coding">Advanced template coding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_documentation" title="Wikipedia:Template documentation">Template documentation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index" title="Wikipedia:Template index">Template index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Template_limits" title="Help:Template limits">Template limits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_sandbox_and_test_cases" title="Wikipedia:Template sandbox and test cases">Template sandbox and test cases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_templates" title="Wikipedia:Citation templates">Citation templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Lua" title="Help:Lua">Lua help</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua">Lua project</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua/Resources" title="Wikipedia:Lua/Resources">Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua/To_do" title="Wikipedia:Lua/To do">To do</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Substitution" title="Help:Substitution">Substitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Purge" title="Help:Purge">Purge</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Job_queue" title="Help:Job queue">Job queue</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Transclusion" title="Help:Transclusion">Transclusion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Labeled_section_transclusion" title="Help:Labeled section transclusion">Labeled section</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Transclusion_costs_and_benefits" title="Wikipedia:Transclusion costs and benefits">Costs and benefits</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Guide_to_Scribbling" title="Wikipedia:Guide to Scribbling">Guide to Scribbling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Administration#Data_structure_and_development" title="Wikipedia:Administration">Data structure</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Namespace" title="Wikipedia:Namespace">Namespaces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_is_an_article%3F" title="Wikipedia:What is an article?">Main/Article</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Drafts" title="Wikipedia:Drafts">Draft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Files" title="Help:Files">File</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:File_description_page" title="Help:File description page">File description page</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Help_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Help namespace">Help</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Portal" title="Wikipedia:Portal">Portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Project_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Project namespace">Project/Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Talk_pages" title="Help:Talk pages">Talk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Archiving_a_talk_page" title="Help:Archiving a talk page">Archiving</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Archiving_(plain_and_simple)" title="Help:Archiving (plain and simple)">Simple</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Template namespace">Template</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_pages" title="Wikipedia:User pages">User</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_page_design_guide" title="Wikipedia:User page design guide">User page design</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:MediaWiki_namespace" title="Help:MediaWiki namespace">MediaWiki</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bug_reports_and_feature_requests" title="Wikipedia:Bug reports and feature requests">Bug reports and feature requests</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:TimedMediaHandler" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:TimedMediaHandler">TimedMediaHandler extension</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua">Module</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Special_page" title="Help:Special page">Special</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a> and <a href="/wiki/CSS" title="CSS">CSS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Cascading_Style_Sheets" title="Help:Cascading Style Sheets">Cascading Style Sheets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:HTML_in_wikitext" title="Help:HTML in wikitext">HTML in wikitext</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Catalogue_of_CSS_classes" title="Wikipedia:Catalogue of CSS classes">Catalogue of CSS classes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Common.js_and_common.css" title="Wikipedia:Common.js and common.css">Common.js and common.css</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Mxt/User_CSS_for_a_monospaced_coding_font" title="Template:Mxt/User CSS for a monospaced coding font">User CSS for monospaced coding font</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Microformats/classes" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Microformats/classes">Classes in microformats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Markup_validation" title="Help:Markup validation">Markup validation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Span_tags" title="Wikipedia:Span tags">Span tags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Useful_styles" title="Help:Useful styles">Useful 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