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<span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Control of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Control_of_Federation_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cantons" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cantons"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>Cantons</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cantons-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Appraisals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Appraisals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Appraisals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Appraisals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Disappearance_of_the_Bosnian_copy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Disappearance_of_the_Bosnian_copy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Disappearance of the Bosnian copy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Disappearance_of_the_Bosnian_copy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Dayton Agreement</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 49 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-49" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">49 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="اتفاقية دايتون – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اتفاقية دايتون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deyton_sazi%C5%9Fi" title="Deyton sazişi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Deyton sazişi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="ডেটন চুক্তি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ডেটন চুক্তি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Дэйтанскае пагадненне – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Дэйтанскае пагадненне" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Дейтънско мирно споразумение – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Дейтънско мирно споразумение" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dejtonski_sporazum" title="Dejtonski sporazum – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Dejtonski sporazum" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acords_de_Dayton" title="Acords de Dayton – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Acords de Dayton" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daytonsk%C3%A1_dohoda" title="Daytonská dohoda – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Daytonská dohoda" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daytonaftalen" title="Daytonaftalen – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Daytonaftalen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abkommen_von_Dayton" title="Abkommen von Dayton – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Abkommen von Dayton" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daytoni_leping" title="Daytoni leping – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Daytoni leping" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BC%CF%86%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9D%CF%84%CE%AD%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BD" title="Συμφωνία του Ντέιτον – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Συμφωνία του Ντέιτον" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acuerdos_de_Dayton" title="Acuerdos de Dayton – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Acuerdos de Dayton" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interkonsento_de_Dayton" title="Interkonsento de Dayton – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Interkonsento de Dayton" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daytongo_Akordioa" title="Daytongo Akordioa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Daytongo Akordioa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%82%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="موافقت‌نامه دیتون – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="موافقت‌نامه دیتون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accords_de_Dayton" title="Accords de Dayton – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Accords de Dayton" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acordo_de_Dayton" title="Acordo de Dayton – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Acordo de Dayton" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%ED%84%B4_%ED%98%91%EC%A0%95" title="데이턴 협정 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="데이턴 협정" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daytonski_sporazum" title="Daytonski sporazum – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Daytonski sporazum" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interkonsento_di_Dayton" title="Interkonsento di Dayton – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Interkonsento di Dayton" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perjanjian_Dayton" title="Perjanjian Dayton – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Perjanjian Dayton" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accordos_de_Dayton" title="Accordos de Dayton – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Accordos de Dayton" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accordo_di_Dayton" title="Accordo di Dayton – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Accordo di Dayton" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A1%D7%9B%D7%9D_%D7%93%D7%99%D7%99%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9F" title="הסכם דייטון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הסכם דייטון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deitonas_miera_l%C4%ABgums" title="Deitonas miera līgums – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Deitonas miera līgums" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daytoni_b%C3%A9keszerz%C5%91d%C3%A9s" title="Daytoni békeszerződés – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Daytoni békeszerződés" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%98%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Дејтонски мировен договор – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Дејтонски мировен договор" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%BA_%E0%B4%89%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BF" title="ഡൈട്ടൺ ഉടമ്പടി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഡൈട്ടൺ ഉടമ്പടി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persetujuan_Dayton" title="Persetujuan Dayton – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Persetujuan Dayton" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verdrag_van_Dayton" title="Verdrag van Dayton – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Verdrag van Dayton" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%87%E3%82%A4%E3%83%88%E3%83%B3%E5%90%88%E6%84%8F" title="デイトン合意 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="デイトン合意" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daytonavtalen" title="Daytonavtalen – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Daytonavtalen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uk%C5%82ad_w_Dayton" title="Układ w Dayton – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Układ w Dayton" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acordo_de_Dayton" title="Acordo de Dayton – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Acordo de Dayton" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acordul_de_la_Dayton" title="Acordul de la Dayton – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Acordul de la Dayton" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Дейтонские соглашения – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Дейтонские соглашения" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marr%C3%ABveshja_e_Dejtonit" title="Marrëveshja e Dejtonit – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Marrëveshja e Dejtonit" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daytonsk%C3%A1_mierov%C3%A1_zmluva" title="Daytonská mierová zmluva – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Daytonská mierová zmluva" 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1995 treaty ending the Bosnian War</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Dayton Treaty" redirects here. For the Native American treaty, see <a href="/wiki/Treaty_with_the_Kalapuya,_etc." title="Treaty with the Kalapuya, etc.">Treaty with the Kalapuya, etc.</a></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size:125%;">Dayton Peace agreement</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above description" style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ededed">General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-bottom:1px #aaa solid;padding-top:0.4em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:DaytonAgreement.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/DaytonAgreement.jpg/300px-DaytonAgreement.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/DaytonAgreement.jpg/450px-DaytonAgreement.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/DaytonAgreement.jpg/600px-DaytonAgreement.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1326" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="padding:0.35em 0.35em 0.25em;line-height:1.25em;">Seated from left to right: <a href="/wiki/Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87" title="Slobodan Milošević">Slobodan Milošević</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alija_Izetbegovi%C4%87" title="Alija Izetbegović">Alija Izetbegović</a>, <a href="/wiki/Franjo_Tu%C4%91man" title="Franjo Tuđman">Franjo Tuđman</a> initialling the Dayton Peace Accords at the Wright-Patterson Air Force Base on 21 November 1995.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Drafted</th><td class="infobox-data">10 August 1995<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1995-08-10</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signed</th><td class="infobox-data">14 December 1995<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1995-12-14</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data location"><a href="/wiki/Wright-Patterson_Air_Force_Base" title="Wright-Patterson Air Force Base">Wright-Patterson Air Force Base</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dayton,_Ohio" title="Dayton, Ohio">Dayton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signatories</th><td class="infobox-data attendee plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina"><img alt="Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_%281992%E2%80%931998%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_%281992%E2%80%931998%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_%281992%E2%80%931998%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_%281992%E2%80%931998%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_%281992%E2%80%931998%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_%281992%E2%80%931998%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Alija_Izetbegovi%C4%87" title="Alija Izetbegović">Alija Izetbegović</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Franjo_Tu%C4%91man" title="Franjo Tuđman">Franjo Tuđman</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Federal Republic of Yugoslavia"><img alt="Federal Republic of Yugoslavia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_Serbia_and_Montenegro_%281992%E2%80%932006%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia_and_Montenegro_%281992%E2%80%932006%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_Serbia_and_Montenegro_%281992%E2%80%932006%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia_and_Montenegro_%281992%E2%80%932006%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_Serbia_and_Montenegro_%281992%E2%80%932006%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Serbia_and_Montenegro_%281992%E2%80%932006%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87" title="Slobodan Milošević">Slobodan Milošević</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Chirac" title="Jacques Chirac">Jacques Chirac</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/John_Major" title="John Major">John Major</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kohl" title="Helmut Kohl">Helmut Kohl</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Chernomyrdin" title="Viktor Chernomyrdin">Viktor Chernomyrdin</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union"><img alt="European Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Felipe_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Felipe González">Felipe González</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parties</th><td class="infobox-data plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_Serbia_and_Montenegro_%281992%E2%80%932006%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia_and_Montenegro_%281992%E2%80%932006%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_Serbia_and_Montenegro_%281992%E2%80%932006%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia_and_Montenegro_%281992%E2%80%932006%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_Serbia_and_Montenegro_%281992%E2%80%932006%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Serbia_and_Montenegro_%281992%E2%80%932006%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Federal Republic of Yugoslavia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_%281992%E2%80%931998%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_%281992%E2%80%931998%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_%281992%E2%80%931998%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_%281992%E2%80%931998%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_%281992%E2%80%931998%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_%281992%E2%80%931998%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a><hr />Witnessed by:</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_language" title="Bosnian language">Bosnian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Croatian_language" title="Croatian language">Croatian</a>, <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> and <a href="/wiki/Serbian_language" title="Serbian language">Serbian</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original text related to this article: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"><b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/General_Framework_Agreement_for_Peace_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" class="extiw" title="wikisource:General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina">General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></b></div></div></div> </div> <p>The <b>General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina</b>, also known as the <b>Dayton Agreement</b> or the <b>Dayton Accords</b> (<a href="/wiki/Serbo-Croatian_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Serbo-Croatian language">Serbo-Croatian</a>: <i lang="sh">Dejtonski mirovni sporazum</i>, <span title="Serbo-Croatian-language text"><span lang="sh">Дејтонски мировни споразум</span></span>), and colloquially known as <b>the Dayton</b> (<a href="/wiki/Croatian_language" title="Croatian language">Croatian</a>: <i lang="hr">Dayton</i>, <a href="/wiki/Bosnian_language" title="Bosnian language">Bosnian</a>: <i lang="bs">Dejton</i>, <a href="/wiki/Serbian_language" title="Serbian language">Serbian</a>: <span lang="sr">Дејтон</span>) in ex-Yugoslav parlance, is the peace agreement reached at <a href="/wiki/Wright-Patterson_Air_Force_Base" title="Wright-Patterson Air Force Base">Wright-Patterson Air Force Base</a> near <a href="/wiki/Dayton,_Ohio" title="Dayton, Ohio">Dayton, Ohio</a>, United States, finalised on 21 November 1995,<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and formally signed in Paris, on 14 December 1995. These accords put an end to the three-and-a-half-year-long <a href="/wiki/Bosnian_War" title="Bosnian War">Bosnian War</a>, which was part of the much larger <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Wars" title="Yugoslav Wars">Yugoslav Wars</a>. </p><p>The warring parties agreed to peace and to a single sovereign state known as <a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> composed of two parts, the largely <a href="/wiki/Serbs_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Serbs of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Serb</a>-populated <a href="/wiki/Republika_Srpska" title="Republika Srpska">Republika Srpska</a> and mainly <a href="/wiki/Croats_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Croat</a>-<a href="/wiki/Bosniaks" title="Bosniaks">Bosniak</a>-populated <a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina</a>. </p><p>The agreement has been criticized for creating ineffective and unwieldy political structures and entrenching the <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_cleansing_in_the_Bosnian_War" title="Ethnic cleansing in the Bosnian War">ethnic cleansing of the previous war</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Negotiation_and_signature">Negotiation and signature</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dayton_Agreement&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Negotiation and signature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Balkan_Peace_Agreement_Signing_%281995%29_Clinton_Library.webm/300px--Balkan_Peace_Agreement_Signing_%281995%29_Clinton_Library.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="300" height="220" data-durationhint="4925" data-mwtitle="Balkan_Peace_Agreement_Signing_(1995)_Clinton_Library.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Balkan_Peace_Agreement_Signing_(1995)_Clinton_Library.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0b/Balkan_Peace_Agreement_Signing_%281995%29_Clinton_Library.webm/Balkan_Peace_Agreement_Signing_%281995%29_Clinton_Library.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="654" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0b/Balkan_Peace_Agreement_Signing_%281995%29_Clinton_Library.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-width="654" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0b/Balkan_Peace_Agreement_Signing_%281995%29_Clinton_Library.webm/Balkan_Peace_Agreement_Signing_%281995%29_Clinton_Library.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="196" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0b/Balkan_Peace_Agreement_Signing_%281995%29_Clinton_Library.webm/Balkan_Peace_Agreement_Signing_%281995%29_Clinton_Library.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="328" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0b/Balkan_Peace_Agreement_Signing_%281995%29_Clinton_Library.webm/Balkan_Peace_Agreement_Signing_%281995%29_Clinton_Library.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="490" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0b/Balkan_Peace_Agreement_Signing_%281995%29_Clinton_Library.webm/Balkan_Peace_Agreement_Signing_%281995%29_Clinton_Library.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="490" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption>Video of the signing of the Dayton Agreement</figcaption></figure> <p>Though basic elements of the Dayton Agreement were proposed in international talks as early as 1992,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> these negotiations were initiated following the <a href="/wiki/Peace_plans_offered_before_and_during_the_Bosnian_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Peace plans offered before and during the Bosnian War">unsuccessful previous peace efforts and arrangements</a>, the August 1995 Croatian military <a href="/wiki/Operation_Storm" title="Operation Storm">Operation Storm</a> and its aftermath, the government military offensive against the <a href="/wiki/Republika_Srpska_(1992%E2%80%9395)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republika Srpska (1992–95)">Republika Srpska</a>, conducted in parallel with NATO's <a href="/wiki/Operation_Deliberate_Force" title="Operation Deliberate Force">Operation Deliberate Force</a>. During September and October 1995, world powers (especially the United States and Russia), gathered in the <a href="/wiki/Contact_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Contact Group">Contact Group</a>, pressured the leaders of the three sides to attend settlement negotiations; Dayton, Ohio was eventually chosen as the venue.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Talks began with an outline of key points presented by the U.S. in a team led by National Security Adviser <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Lake" title="Anthony Lake">Anthony Lake</a> in visits to London, Bonn, Paris and other European stops 10 – 14 August 1995. These included Sochi, to consult Russian Foreign Minister <a href="/wiki/Andrei_Kozyrev" title="Andrei Kozyrev">Andrei Kozyrev</a>. Lake's team handed off to a separate U.S. inter-agency group led by Assistant Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/Richard_Holbrooke" title="Richard Holbrooke">Richard Holbrooke</a>, who went on to negotiate with Balkan leaders in their capitals.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Holbrooke crew conducted five rounds of intense shuttle diplomacy from August to October,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including short conferences in Geneva and New York that resulted in the parties' adoption of principles for a settlement on 8 and 26 September respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Dayton conference took place from 1–21 November 1995. The main participants from the region were the President of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Serbia_(1992%E2%80%932006)" title="Republic of Serbia (1992–2006)">Republic of Serbia</a> <a href="/wiki/Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87" title="Slobodan Milošević">Slobodan Milošević</a> (whom the Bosnian Serbs had previously empowered to represent their interests), President of Croatia <a href="/wiki/Franjo_Tu%C4%91man" title="Franjo Tuđman">Franjo Tuđman</a>, and President of Bosnia and Herzegovina <a href="/wiki/Alija_Izetbegovi%C4%87" title="Alija Izetbegović">Alija Izetbegović</a> with his Foreign Minister <a href="/wiki/Muhamed_Sacirbey" title="Muhamed Sacirbey">Muhamed Šaćirbeg</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The peace conference was led by US Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/Warren_Christopher" title="Warren Christopher">Warren Christopher</a>, and negotiator Richard Holbrooke with two co-chairmen in the form of EU Special Representative <a href="/wiki/Carl_Bildt" title="Carl Bildt">Carl Bildt</a> and the First Deputy Foreign Minister of Russia <a href="/wiki/Igor_Ivanov" title="Igor Ivanov">Igor Ivanov</a>. A key participant in the US delegation was General <a href="/wiki/Wesley_Clark" title="Wesley Clark">Wesley Clark</a>. The head of the UK's team was <a href="/wiki/Pauline_Neville-Jones" class="mw-redirect" title="Pauline Neville-Jones">Pauline Neville-Jones</a>, political director of the <a href="/wiki/Foreign_and_Commonwealth_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign and Commonwealth Office">Foreign and Commonwealth Office</a>. The UK military representative was <a href="/wiki/David_Leakey" title="David Leakey">Col Arundell David Leakey</a>. <a href="/wiki/Paul_Williams_(professor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul Williams (professor)">Paul Williams</a>, through the <a href="/wiki/Public_International_Law_%26_Policy_Group" title="Public International Law & Policy Group">Public International Law & Policy Group</a> (PILPG) served as legal counsel to the Bosnian Government delegation during the negotiations. </p><p>Holbrooke spoke of the "immense difficulty of engaging the Bosnian government in a serious negotiation".<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The secure site was chosen in order to remove all the parties from their comfort zone, without which they would have little incentive to negotiate; to reduce their ability to negotiate through the media; and to securely house over 800 staff and attendants. Curbing the participants' ability to negotiate via the media was a particularly important consideration. Holbrooke wanted to prevent posturing through early leaks to the press. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Signing_the_Dayton_Agreement_Milosevic_Tudjman_Izetbegovic.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Signing_the_Dayton_Agreement_Milosevic_Tudjman_Izetbegovic.jpg/220px-Signing_the_Dayton_Agreement_Milosevic_Tudjman_Izetbegovic.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Signing_the_Dayton_Agreement_Milosevic_Tudjman_Izetbegovic.jpg/330px-Signing_the_Dayton_Agreement_Milosevic_Tudjman_Izetbegovic.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Signing_the_Dayton_Agreement_Milosevic_Tudjman_Izetbegovic.jpg/440px-Signing_the_Dayton_Agreement_Milosevic_Tudjman_Izetbegovic.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1666" /></a><figcaption>The signing of the full and formal agreement in Paris.</figcaption></figure> <p>After having been initialed in Dayton, Ohio, on 21 November 1995,<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the full and formal agreement was signed in Paris on 14 December 1995<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and witnessed by <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Spain" title="Prime Minister of Spain">Spanish Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Felipe_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Felipe González">Felipe González</a>, <a href="/wiki/President_of_France" title="President of France">French President</a> <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Chirac" title="Jacques Chirac">Jacques Chirac</a>, <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">US President</a> <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">UK Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Major" title="John Major">John Major</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_Germany" title="Chancellor of Germany">German Chancellor</a> <a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kohl" title="Helmut Kohl">Helmut Kohl</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Russia" title="Prime Minister of Russia">Russian Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Chernomyrdin" title="Viktor Chernomyrdin">Viktor Chernomyrdin</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Content">Content</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dayton_Agreement&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Content"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The agreement's main purpose is to promote peace and stability in Bosnia and Herzegovina and to endorse regional balance in and around the former <a href="/wiki/SFRJ" class="mw-redirect" title="SFRJ">Yugoslavia</a> (Article V, annex 1-B).<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The present <a href="/wiki/Political_divisions_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Political divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina">political divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> and its <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Politics of Bosnia and Herzegovina">structure of government</a> were agreed upon (Annex 4). A key component of this was the delineation of the <a href="/wiki/Inter-Entity_Boundary_Line" title="Inter-Entity Boundary Line">Inter-Entity Boundary Line</a> to which many of the tasks listed in the Annexes referred.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The State of Bosnia Herzegovina is composed of the <a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Bosnia-Herzegovina" class="mw-redirect" title="Federation of Bosnia-Herzegovina">Federation of Bosnia-Herzegovina</a> and of the <a href="/wiki/Republika_Srpska" title="Republika Srpska">Republika Srpska</a>. Bosnia and Herzegovina is a complete state, as opposed to a confederation; no entity or entities could ever be separated from Bosnia and Herzegovina unless by due legal process. Although highly decentralised in its entities, it would still retain a central government, with a rotating State Presidency, a central bank and a constitutional court.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The agreement mandated a wide range of international organizations to monitor, oversee and implement components of the agreement. The NATO-led <a href="/wiki/IFOR" class="mw-redirect" title="IFOR">IFOR</a> (Implementation Force) was responsible for implementing military aspects of the agreement and deployed on 20 December 1995, taking over the forces of the <a href="/wiki/UNPROFOR" class="mw-redirect" title="UNPROFOR">UNPROFOR</a>. The <a href="/wiki/High_Representative_for_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina">Office of the High Representative</a> was charged with the task of civil implementation. The <a href="/wiki/Organization_for_Security_and_Co-operation_in_Europe" title="Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe">Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe</a> was charged with organising the <a href="/wiki/1996_Bosnian_general_election" title="1996 Bosnian general election">first free elections in 1996</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Constitutional_Court_decision">Constitutional Court decision</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dayton_Agreement&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Constitutional Court decision"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard" style="width:20em;"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div class="adr"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Politics of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Politics of Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></div></th></tr><tr><th><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Coat_of_arms_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/95px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="95" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Coat_of_arms_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/143px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Coat_of_arms_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/190px-Coat_of_arms_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="584" /></a></span></th></tr><tr><th style="border-bottom: #aaa 1px solid"></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Constitution</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Court_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Constitutional Court</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dayton Agreement</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Peace_Implementation_Council" title="Peace Implementation Council">Peace Implementation Council</a> <dl><dd><span class="nowrap"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/High_Representative_for_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina">High Representative</a>:</span> <a href="/wiki/Christian_Schmidt_(politician)" title="Christian Schmidt (politician)">Christian Schmidt</a></span></dd></dl></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Presidency</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_Presidency_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina#Bosniak_members" title="List of members of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosniak member</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Denis_Be%C4%87irovi%C4%87" title="Denis Bećirović">Denis Bećirović</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_Presidency_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina#Croat_members" title="List of members of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Croat member</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/%C5%BDeljko_Kom%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Željko Komšić">Željko Komšić</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_Presidency_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina#Serb_members" title="List of members of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Serb member</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/%C5%BDeljka_Cvijanovi%C4%87" title="Željka Cvijanović">Željka Cvijanović</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Presidency_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Chairman of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Chairwoman</a>)</span></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Assembly_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Parliamentary Assembly of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Parliament</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Executive</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Assembly_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Parliamentary Assembly of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Parliament</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/House_of_Peoples_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="House of Peoples of Bosnia and Herzegovina">House of Peoples</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="House of Representatives of Bosnia and Herzegovina">House of Representatives</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Council of Ministers</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Borjana_Kri%C5%A1to" title="Cabinet of Borjana Krišto">Cabinet</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Borjana_Kri%C5%A1to#Cabinet_members" title="Cabinet of Borjana Krišto">list</a>)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Council_of_Ministers_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Chairwoman</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_government_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="List of heads of government of Bosnia and Herzegovina">list</a>)</span> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Borjana_Kri%C5%A1to" title="Borjana Krišto">Borjana Krišto</a></dd></dl></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">Recent <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Elections in Bosnia and Herzegovina">elections</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><div class="hlist"><ul><li>General: <a href="/wiki/2014_Bosnian_general_election" title="2014 Bosnian general election">2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2018_Bosnian_general_election" title="2018 Bosnian general election">2018</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2022_Bosnian_general_election" title="2022 Bosnian general election">2022</a></li></ul></div></li> <li><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Municipal: <a href="/wiki/2016_Bosnian_municipal_elections" title="2016 Bosnian municipal elections">2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Bosnian_municipal_elections" title="2020 Bosnian municipal elections">2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2024_Bosnian_municipal_elections" title="2024 Bosnian municipal elections">2024</a></li></ul></div></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="List of political parties in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Political parties</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Foreign relations of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Foreign relations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Bosnia_and_Herzegovina)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Bosnia and Herzegovina)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a> <dl><dd>Minister: <a href="/wiki/Elmedin_Konakovi%C4%87" title="Elmedin Konaković">Elmedin Konaković</a></dd></dl></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="List of diplomatic missions of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Diplomatic missions of</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="List of diplomatic missions in Bosnia and Herzegovina">in Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_nationality_law" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina nationality law">Nationality law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_passport" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina passport">Passport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_requirements_for_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_citizens" title="Visa requirements for Bosnia and Herzegovina citizens">Visa requirements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Visa policy of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Visa policy</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Bosnia and Herzegovina to the European Union">EU accession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_to_NATO" class="mw-redirect" title="Accession of Bosnia and Herzegovina to NATO">NATO accession</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Political_divisions_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Political divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Political divisions</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></span> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Federation_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="President of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina">President</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_Federation_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="List of presidents of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina">list</a>): <a href="/wiki/Lidija_Bradara" title="Lidija Bradara">Lidija Bradara</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Federation_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Government of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Government</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_the_Federation_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="List of prime ministers of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Prime Minister</a>: <a href="/wiki/Nermin_Nik%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Nermin Nikšić">Nermin Nikšić</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Federation_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Parliament of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Parliament</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/House_of_Peoples_of_the_Federation_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="House of Peoples of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina">House of Peoples</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_of_the_Federation_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="House of Representatives of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina">House of Representatives</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cantons_of_the_Federation_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Cantons of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Cantons</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Assemblies_of_the_cantons_of_the_Federation_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Assemblies of the cantons of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Assemblies</a></dd></dl></dd></dl></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Republika_Srpska" title="Republika Srpska">Republika Srpska</a></span> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/President_of_Republika_Srpska" title="President of Republika Srpska">President</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Republika_Srpska" title="List of presidents of Republika Srpska">list</a>): <a href="/wiki/Milorad_Dodik" title="Milorad Dodik">Milorad Dodik</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Republika_Srpska" title="Government of Republika Srpska">Government</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Republika_Srpska" title="List of prime ministers of Republika Srpska">Prime Minister</a>: <a href="/wiki/Radovan_Vi%C5%A1kovi%C4%87" title="Radovan Višković">Radovan Višković</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Republika_Srpska)" title="National Assembly (Republika Srpska)">National Assembly</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_speakers_of_the_National_Assembly_of_Republika_Srpska" title="List of speakers of the National Assembly of Republika Srpska">Speaker</a>: <a href="/wiki/Nenad_Stevandi%C4%87" title="Nenad Stevandić">Nenad Stevandić</a></dd></dl></dd></dl></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Br%C4%8Dko_District" title="Brčko District">Brčko District</a></span> <dl><dd><span class="nowrap"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/International_Supervisor_for_Br%C4%8Dko" title="International Supervisor for Brčko">International Supervisor</a>:</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jonathan_Mennuti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jonathan Mennuti (page does not exist)">Jonathan Mennuti</a></span></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Br%C4%8Dko_District" title="List of mayors of Brčko District">Mayor</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zijad_Ni%C5%A1i%C4%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zijad Nišić (page does not exist)">Zijad Nišić</a></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/32px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/48px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/64px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Portal:Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina portal</a> <div class="hlist" style="text-align:center;font-weight:normal;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_political_science#Politics_by_region" title="Outline of political science">Other countries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Template:Politics of Bosnia and Herzegovina"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Template talk:Politics of Bosnia and Herzegovina"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of Bosnia and Herzegovina"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>On 13 October 1997, the Croatian 1861 Law Party and the Bosnia-Herzegovina 1861 Law Party requested the <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Court_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> to annul several decisions and to confirm one decision of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina and, more importantly, to review the constitutionality of the General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina since it was alleged that the agreement violated the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> in a way that it undermined the integrity of the state and could cause the dissolution of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The Court reached the conclusion that it is not competent to decide the dispute in regards to the mentioned decisions since the applicants were not subjects that were identified in Article VI.3 (a) of the Constitution on those who can refer disputes to the Court. The Court also rejected the other request: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>the Constitutional Court is not competent to evaluate the constitutionality of the General Framework Agreement as the Constitutional Court has in fact been established under the Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina in order to uphold this Constitution ... The Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina was adopted as Annex IV to the General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and consequently there cannot be a conflict or a possibility for controversy between this Agreement and the Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>It was one of the early cases in which the Court had to deal with the question of the legal nature of the Constitution. By making the remark in the manner of <i><a href="/wiki/Obiter_dictum" title="Obiter dictum">obiter dictum</a></i> concerning the Annex IV (the Constitution) and the rest of the peace agreement, the Court actually "established the ground for <i>legal unity</i>"<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of the entire peace agreement, which further implied that all of the annexes are in the hierarchical equality. In later decisions the Court confirmed that by using other annexes of the peace agreement as a direct base for the analysis, not only in the context of systematic interpretation of the Annex IV. However, since the Court rejected the presented request of the appellants, it did not go into details concerning the controversial questions of the legality of the process in which the new Constitution (Annex IV) came to power and replaced the former Constitution of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The Court used the same reasoning to dismiss the similar claim in a later case.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Territorial_changes">Territorial changes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dayton_Agreement&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Territorial changes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BeforeDayton.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BeforeDayton.png/220px-BeforeDayton.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BeforeDayton.png/330px-BeforeDayton.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/BeforeDayton.png/440px-BeforeDayton.png 2x" data-file-width="1809" data-file-height="1752" /></a><figcaption>Bosniak, Croat and Serb militarily-held areas in 1995 before the signing of the Dayton Peace Agreement</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dayton.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Dayton.png/220px-Dayton.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Dayton.png/330px-Dayton.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Dayton.png/440px-Dayton.png 2x" data-file-width="1809" data-file-height="1752" /></a><figcaption>Territorial changes.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bih_dayton_en.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Bih_dayton_en.png/220px-Bih_dayton_en.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Bih_dayton_en.png/330px-Bih_dayton_en.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Bih_dayton_en.png/440px-Bih_dayton_en.png 2x" data-file-width="1103" data-file-height="1044" /></a><figcaption>Political division of Bosnia and Herzegovina after the Dayton Agreement.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Serberne_flytter.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Serberne_flytter.jpg/220px-Serberne_flytter.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Serberne_flytter.jpg/330px-Serberne_flytter.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Serberne_flytter.jpg/440px-Serberne_flytter.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1168" data-file-height="805" /></a><figcaption> Serb families leave their homes due to regulations in the Dayton agreement from 1995.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Picture taken near the town of <a href="/wiki/Modri%C4%8Da" title="Modriča">Modriča</a>, northeastern Bosnia</figcaption></figure> <p>Before the agreement, <a href="/wiki/Bosnian_Serbs" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosnian Serbs">Bosnian Serbs</a> controlled about 46% of Bosnia and Herzegovina (23,687 km<sup>2</sup>), <a href="/wiki/Bosniaks" title="Bosniaks">Bosniaks</a> 28% (14,505 km<sup>2</sup>) and <a href="/wiki/Bosnian_Croats" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosnian Croats">Bosnian Croats</a> 25% (12,937 km<sup>2</sup>). </p><p>Bosnian Serbs got large tracts of mountainous territories back (4% from Bosnian Croats and some small amounts from Bosniaks), but they had to surrender <a href="/wiki/Sarajevo" title="Sarajevo">Sarajevo</a> and some vital Eastern Bosnian/Herzegovian positions. Their percentage grew to 49% (48% by excluding the Brčko District, 24,526 km<sup>2</sup>). </p><p>Bosniaks got most of Sarajevo and some important positions in eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina while they lost only a few locations on Mount <a href="/wiki/Ozren_(Bosnia_and_Herzegovina)" title="Ozren (Bosnia and Herzegovina)">Ozren</a> and in western Bosnia. Their percentage grew to 30%, and they greatly improved the quality of the land. Large tracts of prewar Bosniak (and Bosnian Croat) inhabited lands remained under Bosnian Serb control.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bosnian Croats gave most (4% of BiH territories) back to the Bosnian Serbs (9% of today's RS) and also retreated from Una-Sana <a href="/wiki/Donji_Vakuf" title="Donji Vakuf">Donji Vakuf</a> (in Central Bosnia) afterward. A small enlargement of <a href="/wiki/Posavina" title="Posavina">Posavina</a> (<a href="/wiki/Od%C5%BEak" title="Odžak">Odžak</a> and parts of Domaljevac) did not change the fact that after Dayton Bosnian Croats controlled just 21% of Bosnia and Herzegovina (10,640 km<sup>2</sup>), compared to more than 25% prior to Dayton. One of the most important Bosnian Croat territories (Posavina with <a href="/wiki/Bosanski_Brod" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosanski Brod">Bosanski Brod</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bosanski_%C5%A0amac" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosanski Šamac">Bosanski Šamac</a>, <a href="/wiki/Derventa" title="Derventa">Derventa</a>) was left out of Bosnian Croat control.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Control_of_Republika_Srpska">Control of Republika Srpska</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dayton_Agreement&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Control of Republika Srpska"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>About 89.5% (22,059 km<sup>2</sup>) was under control of Bosnian Serbs</li> <li>About 9% (2,117 km<sup>2</sup>) of today's territories of Republika Srpska was controlled by Bosnian Croat forces; mainly in municipalities of <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ipovo" title="Šipovo">Šipovo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bosanski_Petrovac" title="Bosanski Petrovac">Petrovac</a>, <a href="/wiki/Isto%C4%8Dni_Drvar" title="Istočni Drvar">Istočni Drvar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jezero,_Republika_Srpska" class="mw-redirect" title="Jezero, Republika Srpska">Jezero</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kupres_(Republika_Srpska)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kupres (Republika Srpska)">Kupres (RS)</a> and part of <a href="/wiki/Banja_Luka" title="Banja Luka">Banja Luka</a> municipality</li> <li>About 1.5% (350 km<sup>2</sup>) of today's territories of Republika Srpska was controlled by Bosniak forces, mainly some villages in <a href="/wiki/Ozren_(Bosnia_and_Herzegovina)" title="Ozren (Bosnia and Herzegovina)">Ozren</a> (Doboj and <a href="/wiki/Petrovo,_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Petrovo, Bosnia and Herzegovina">Petrovo</a>), western Bosnia (<a href="/wiki/Krupa_na_Uni" title="Krupa na Uni">Krupa na Uni</a> and parts of <a href="/wiki/Novi_Grad,_Bosanska_Krajina" class="mw-redirect" title="Novi Grad, Bosanska Krajina">Novi Grad</a> and <a href="/wiki/O%C5%A1tra_Luka" title="Oštra Luka">Oštra Luka</a>).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Control_of_Federation_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina">Control of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dayton_Agreement&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Control of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>About 53% (13,955 km<sup>2</sup>) of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina was under Bosniak control.</li> <li>About 41% (10,720 km<sup>2</sup>) of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina was under the control of Bosnian Croats.</li> <li>About 6% (1,435 km<sup>2</sup>) was under control of Bosnian Serbs.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cantons">Cantons</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dayton_Agreement&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Cantons"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cantons_of_the_Federation_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Cantons of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Cantons of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Canton_10" title="Canton 10">Canton 10</a>: </p> <ul><li>was almost completely under control of Bosnian Croats (4,924 km<sup>2</sup>)</li> <li>Bosniaks controlled some points east of Kupres (10 km<sup>2</sup>)</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Una-Sana_Canton" title="Una-Sana Canton">Una-Sana Canton</a>: </p> <ul><li>was almost completely under control of Bosniaks (3,925 km<sup>2</sup>)</li> <li>Bosnian Croats controlled some mountain passes on the southern parts of Bosanski Petrovac and Bihać municipalities (200 km<sup>2</sup>)</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/West_Herzegovina_Canton" title="West Herzegovina Canton">West Herzegovina Canton</a>: </p> <ul><li>was completely under Bosnian Croat control (1,362 km<sup>2</sup>)</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Herzegovina-Neretva_Canton" title="Herzegovina-Neretva Canton">Herzegovina-Neretva Canton</a>: </p> <ul><li>was divided, more than half was under Bosnian Croat control (2,525 km<sup>2</sup>)</li> <li>northern and central parts were under Bosniak control (1,666 km<sup>2</sup>)</li> <li>eastern mountains were under Bosnian Serb control (210 km<sup>2</sup>)</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Central_Bosnia_Canton" title="Central Bosnia Canton">Central Bosnia Canton</a>: </p> <ul><li>was divided, a bit more than a third was under Bosnian Croat control (1,099 km<sup>2</sup>)</li> <li>rest was under control of Bosniaks (2,090 km<sup>2</sup>)</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Zenica-Doboj_Canton" title="Zenica-Doboj Canton">Zenica-Doboj Canton</a>: </p> <ul><li>was largely under Bosniak control (2,843 km<sup>2</sup>)</li> <li>there were some small enclaves like <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDep%C4%8De" title="Žepče">Žepče</a>, <a href="/wiki/Usora_Municipality" title="Usora Municipality">Usora</a> under Bosnian Croat control (400 km<sup>2</sup>)</li> <li>eastern mountains were under Bosnian Serb control (100 km<sup>2</sup>)</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Tuzla_Canton" title="Tuzla Canton">Tuzla Canton</a>: </p> <ul><li>was largely under Bosniak control (2,544 km<sup>2</sup>)</li> <li>there were some villages in <a href="/wiki/Grada%C4%8Dac" title="Gradačac">Gradačac</a> municipality under Bosnian Croat control (5 km<sup>2</sup>)</li> <li>and some villages in <a href="/wiki/Doboj" title="Doboj">Doboj</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gra%C4%8Danica,_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Gračanica, Bosnia and Herzegovina">Gračanica</a> municipalities under Bosnian Serb control (100 km<sup>2</sup>)</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Posavina_Canton" title="Posavina Canton">Posavina Canton</a>: </p> <ul><li>was mostly under Bosnian Croat control (205 km<sup>2</sup>)</li> <li>Bosnian Serbs controlled <a href="/wiki/Od%C5%BEak" title="Odžak">Odžak</a> and parts of <a href="/wiki/Domaljevac" title="Domaljevac">Domaljevac</a> municipalities (120 km<sup>2</sup>)</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_Podrinje_Canton" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosnian Podrinje Canton">Bosnian Podrinje Canton</a>: </p> <ul><li>was mostly under Bosniak control (405 km<sup>2</sup>)</li> <li>Bosnian Serbs controlled areas which linked it with Sarajevo (100 km<sup>2</sup>)</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Sarajevo_Canton" title="Sarajevo Canton">Sarajevo Canton</a>: </p> <ul><li>was mostly under Bosnian Serbs control (800 km<sup>2</sup>)</li> <li>while Bosniaks controlled some southern suburbs and most of the city itself (477 km<sup>2</sup>)</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Br%C4%8Dko_District" title="Brčko District">Brčko District</a> was divided; </p> <ul><li>Bosniaks controlled most of its southern parts (200 km<sup>2</sup>)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Bosnian Serbs its northern parts (193 km<sup>2</sup>)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>While Bosnian Croats controlled the rest, part near <a href="/wiki/Ora%C5%A1je,_Bosnia" class="mw-redirect" title="Orašje, Bosnia">Orašje</a> municipality and two enclaves on southern parts of municipality (100 km<sup>2</sup>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Appraisals">Appraisals</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dayton_Agreement&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Appraisals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The immediate purpose of the agreement was to freeze the military confrontation and prevent it from resuming. It was therefore defined as a "construction of necessity".<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Dayton Agreement was aimed at allowing Bosnia and Herzegovina to move from an early post-conflict phase through reconstruction and consolidation, adopting a <a href="/wiki/Consociationalism" title="Consociationalism">consociational power-sharing</a> approach.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scholars such as Canadian professor Charles-Philippe David calls Dayton "the most impressive example of conflict resolution".<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> American scholar Howard M. Hensel states that "Dayton represents an example of a conflict resolution negotiation that was successful.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Patrice C. McMahon and Jon Western write that "As successful as Dayton was at ending the violence, it also sowed the seeds of instability by creating a decentralized political system that undermined the state's authority".<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/High_Representative_for_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina">High Representative</a> <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Petritsch" title="Wolfgang Petritsch">Wolfgang Petritsch</a> argued in 2006 that the Dayton framework has allowed the <a href="/wiki/International_community" title="International community">international community</a> to move "from statebuilding via institutions and capacity-building to identity building", putting Bosnia and Herzegovina "on the road to <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">Brussels</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Dayton Agreement has been the subject of criticism since its inception, including: </p> <ul><li><i>A complicated government system</i> – As part of the Dayton agreement, Bosnia was divided regionally between two "Entities" within a consociational democracy, which was established to ensure the political representation and power of all sides. This can lead to an unproductive government in that every important issue is deadlocked within the central government as each party is championing opposing priorities that are based on ethnic policies and not shared ideals.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Dependency and control of international actors</i> – Dayton was very much an international vision, led by the United States who supported an end to the war, but that did not allow Bosnian leaders to negotiate an ending to the war, therefore leaving no incentive in the afterward peacebuilding process and no area for leaders to discuss the underlying root causes of the conflict. International actors also played an extensive role in shaping the postwar agenda in Bosnia. The international community invests millions of dollars in BiH yearly through NGOs. However, this stifles the impact of local actors and the development of civil society. Instead, the international community should invest in local actors, youth activists, and democratization projects.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The influx of NGOs and international actors to kick start investment in the country post war also failed to kick start the economy, with Bosnia suffering from poor economic growth (2% in 2015). The lack of economic development has been attributed to poor coordination between international actors and lack of consideration for local capacity.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Ending the war but not promoting peace</i> – The primary aim of Dayton was to stop the war, but the agreement was only meant to be a temporary measure while a long-term plan was developed. The Dayton Agreement was the 35th attempt at a ceasefire following 34 other failed attempts. While Dayton has halted the conflict and there has not been a resurgence of violence, the stability in the conflict does not give an accurate assessment of peace. There is negative peace in BiH, meaning there is no open conflict or violence. However, there is no positive peace, as conditions that eliminate the causes of violence have not been reached. There is still currently an international military presence, <a href="/wiki/Operation_Althea" title="Operation Althea">EUFOR Althea</a>, responsible for overseeing compliance with aspects of the Dayton Agreement. The Dayton Agreement provided peace by re-establishing and codifying division. Enforcing such peace can be seen as highlighting the still deep rooted tensions in the country, with Dayton covering the cracks of a fractured society that could be plunged back into conflict as soon as military forces left.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Consociational Democracy</i> – The Dayton Agreement established a consociational democracy in Bosnia and Herzegovina. This means that each group is ensured representation and power. This incentivized the end of the Bosnian War, but first requires collaboration or reconciliation for the government to function. Bosnia and Herzegovina operates with a three-member president role. There is a Croat, Bosniak, and Serb president. Similar quotas and rules apply for the two legislative bodies.</li></ul> <ul><li><i>Entrenching territorialized ethnicity</i> - The Agreement was underpinned by a territorialized definition of ethnicity that divided Bosnia and Herzegovina into three constitutive nations and two distinct entities based on ethno-nationalist identities.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>According to survey results from a 2020 study, "in each of the three main ethnic groups of Bosnia, more people would have voted for Dayton than against it."<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Disappearance_of_the_Bosnian_copy">Disappearance of the Bosnian copy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dayton_Agreement&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Disappearance of the Bosnian copy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 13 February 2008, the head of the <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Bosnia-Herzegovina" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidency of Bosnia-Herzegovina">Presidency of Bosnia-Herzegovina</a> <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDeljko_Kom%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Željko Komšić">Željko Komšić</a> said that the 1995 Bosnian copy Dayton Agreement was lost from the Presidency's archive. High Representative for Bosnia-Herzegovina <a href="/wiki/Miroslav_Laj%C4%8D%C3%A1k" title="Miroslav Lajčák">Miroslav Lajčák</a> said: "I don't know whether the news is sad or funny".<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 16 November 2009 the French Foreign Ministry delivered a new certified copy of the Dayton agreement to the French embassy in Sarajevo. The copy was later transferred to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bosnia-Herzegovina.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The stolen 1995 copy was found in 2017 in a private residence in <a href="/wiki/Pale,_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Pale, Bosnia and Herzegovina">Pale</a>, resulting in the arrest of the person who was trying to sell it.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dayton_Agreement&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Agreement" title="Washington Agreement">Washington Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_plans_offered_before_and_during_the_Bosnian_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Peace plans offered before and during the Bosnian War">Peace plans offered before and during the Bosnian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_secession_of_Republika_Srpska" title="Proposed secession of Republika Srpska">Proposed secession of Republika Srpska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_reform_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Constitutional reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Constitutional reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erdut_Agreement" title="Erdut Agreement">Erdut Agreement</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dayton_Agreement&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div 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center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/news_69290.htm">"15 years ago, Dayton Peace Accords: a milestone for NATO and the Balkans"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 July</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=15+years+ago%2C+Dayton+Peace+Accords%3A+a+milestone+for+NATO+and+the+Balkans&rft.date=2010-12-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nato.int%2Fcps%2Fen%2Fnatolive%2Fnews_69290.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADayton+Agreement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/icty/dayton/daytonsum.html">"Summary of the Dayton Peace Agreement on Bosnia-Herzegovina"</a>. <i>www1.umn.edu</i>. 30 November 1995<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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L. & Pol., Vol. 5-2</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.osce.org/bih/126173">Dayton Peace Agreement</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/global/2015/nov/10/bosnia-bitter-flawed-peace-deal-dayton-agreement-20-years-on">Bosnia's bitter, flawed peace deal, 20 years on</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina, U-7/97, p. 2 and 3, <a href="/wiki/Sarajevo" title="Sarajevo">Sarajevo</a>, 22 December 1997</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Vehabović, Faris (2006). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.hrw.org&rft.atitle=Bosnia-Hercegovina%3A+A+Failure+in+the+Making%3A+Human+Rights+and+the+Dayton+Agreement&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Flegacy%2Fsummaries%2Fs.bosnia966.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADayton+Agreement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://demo.paragraf.rs/demo/combined/Old/t/t2003_02/t02_0030.htm">"THE LAW ON THE CONFIRMATION OF THE GENERAL FRAMEWORK AGREEMENT FOR PEACE IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA"</a>. <i>demo.paragraf.rs</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=demo.paragraf.rs&rft.atitle=THE+LAW+ON+THE+CONFIRMATION+OF+THE+GENERAL+FRAMEWORK+AGREEMENT+FOR+PEACE+IN+BOSNIA+AND+HERZEGOVINA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdemo.paragraf.rs%2Fdemo%2Fcombined%2FOld%2Ft%2Ft2003_02%2Ft02_0030.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADayton+Agreement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inslav.ru/event/engelgardt-georgiy-nikolaevich-respublika-serbskaya-v-bosnii-i-gercegovine-vozniknovenie-i">"Энгельгардт Георгий Николаевич. Республика Сербская в Боснии и Герцеговине. Возникновение и эволюция (1990–2006 гг.)"</a>. <i>Институт славяноведения Российской академии наук (ИСл РАН)</i>. 4 December 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82+%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA+%28%D0%98%D0%A1%D0%BB+%D0%A0%D0%90%D0%9D%29&rft.atitle=%D0%AD%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%82+%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87.+%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%B2+%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%B8+%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5.+%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D0%B8+%D1%8D%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F+%281990%E2%80%932006+%D0%B3%D0%B3.%29&rft.date=2015-12-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finslav.ru%2Fevent%2Fengelgardt-georgiy-nikolaevich-respublika-serbskaya-v-bosnii-i-gercegovine-vozniknovenie-i&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADayton+Agreement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rory Keane, <i>Reconstructing sovereignty. Post-Dayton Bosnia uncovered</i>, London: Ashgate 2001, p. 61</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBose2002" class="citation book cs1">Bose, Sumantra (2002). <i>Bosnia After Dayton: Nationalist Partition and International Intervention</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 216. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85065-585-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-85065-585-5"><bdi>1-85065-585-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bosnia+After+Dayton%3A+Nationalist+Partition+and+International+Intervention&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=216&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=1-85065-585-5&rft.aulast=Bose&rft.aufirst=Sumantra&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADayton+Agreement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStroschein2014" class="citation journal cs1">Stroschein, Sherrill (2014). "Consociational Settlements and Reconstruction: Bosnia in Comparative Perspective (1995–Present)". <i>The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science</i>. <b>656</b>: 97–115. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0002716214544459">10.1177/0002716214544459</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:8830183">8830183</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Annals+of+the+American+Academy+of+Political+and+Social+Science&rft.atitle=Consociational+Settlements+and+Reconstruction%3A+Bosnia+in+Comparative+Perspective+%281995%E2%80%93Present%29&rft.volume=656&rft.pages=97-115&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0002716214544459&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A8830183%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Stroschein&rft.aufirst=Sherrill&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADayton+Agreement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Charles-Philippe David, "Alice in Wonderland meets Frankenstein: Constructivism, Realism and Peacebuilding in Bosnia", <i>Contemporary Security Policy</i> 22, No.1, 2001</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRaphael_IsraeliAlbert_Benabou2013" class="citation book cs1">Raphael Israeli; Albert Benabou (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eAV-AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA380"><i>Savagery in the Heart of Europe: The Bosnian War (1992–1995) Context, Perspectives, Personal Experiences, and Memoirs</i></a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=b92.net&rft.atitle=Man+arrested+in+possession+of+original+Dayton+Agreement&rft.date=2017-11-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.b92.net%2Feng%2Fnews%2Fregion.php%3Fyyyy%3D2017%26mm%3D11%26dd%3D01%26nav_id%3D102695&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADayton+Agreement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dayton_Agreement&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Allcock, John B., Marko Milivojevic, et al. <i>Conflict in the Former Yugoslavia: An Encyclopedia</i> (1998)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBelloni2009" class="citation journal cs1">Belloni, Roberto (2009). "Bosnia: Dayton is dead! long live dayton!". <i>Nationalism and Ethnic Politics</i>. <b>15</b> (3–4): 355–375. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F13537110903372367">10.1080/13537110903372367</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/11572%2F76874">11572/76874</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:143858915">143858915</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nationalism+and+Ethnic+Politics&rft.atitle=Bosnia%3A+Dayton+is+dead%21+long+live+dayton%21&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3%E2%80%934&rft.pages=355-375&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F11572%2F76874&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A143858915%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F13537110903372367&rft.aulast=Belloni&rft.aufirst=Roberto&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADayton+Agreement" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBieber2001" class="citation journal cs1">Bieber, Florian (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edoc.vifapol.de/opus/volltexte/2009/1991/pdf/brief_5.pdf">"Croat Self-Government in Bosnia: A Challenge for Dayton?"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>ECMI Brief</i>. <a href="/wiki/European_Centre_for_Minority_Issues" title="European Centre for Minority Issues">European Centre for Minority Issues</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ECMI+Brief&rft.atitle=Croat+Self-Government+in+Bosnia%3A+A+Challenge+for+Dayton%3F&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=Bieber&rft.aufirst=Florian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedoc.vifapol.de%2Fopus%2Fvolltexte%2F2009%2F1991%2Fpdf%2Fbrief_5.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADayton+Agreement" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Caplan, R., 2000. "Assessing the Dayton Accord: The structural weaknesses of the general framework agreement for peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina". <i>Diplomacy and Statecraft</i>, 11(2), pp. 213–232.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChandler2000" class="citation book cs1">Chandler, David (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bLXq7a2CoxoC"><i>Bosnia: Faking Democracy After Dayton</i></a>. Pluto Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7453-1689-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7453-1689-5"><bdi>978-0-7453-1689-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bosnia%3A+Faking+Democracy+After+Dayton&rft.pub=Pluto+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-7453-1689-5&rft.aulast=Chandler&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbLXq7a2CoxoC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADayton+Agreement" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChivvis2010" class="citation journal cs1">Chivvis, Christopher S. (2010). "The Dayton Dilemma". <i>Survival</i>. <b>52</b> (5): 47–74. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00396338.2010.522096">10.1080/00396338.2010.522096</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:153915349">153915349</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Survival&rft.atitle=The+Dayton+Dilemma&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=47-74&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00396338.2010.522096&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A153915349%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Chivvis&rft.aufirst=Christopher+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADayton+Agreement" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Chollet, Derek. <i>The Road to the Dayton Accords</i> (Palgrave Macmillan, New York, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/Road-Dayton-Accords-American-Statecraft/dp/1403965005/">excerpt</a></li> <li>Chollet, Derek H., and Samantha Power. <i>The unquiet American: Richard Holbrooke in the world</i> (Public Affairs, 2011).</li> <li>Curran, Daniel, James K. Sebenius, and Michael Watkins. "Two Paths to Peace: Contrasting George Mitchell in Northern Ireland with Richard Holbrooke in Bosnia–Herzegovina". <i>Negotiation Journal</i> 20.4 (2004): 513–537. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.people.hbs.edu/jsebenius/articles_scans/04_NJ_TwoPathsToPeace_Mitchell-Holbrooke.pdf">online</a></li> <li>Daalder, I.H., 2014. <i>Getting to Dayton: the making of America's Bosnia policy</i>. Brookings Institution Press.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDonais2002" class="citation journal cs1">Donais, Timothy (2002). 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"Bosnia-Herzegovina ten years after Dayton: Constitutional change and public opinion". <i>Eurasian Geography and Economics</i>. <b>47</b> (1): 61–75. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2747%2F1538-7216.47.1.61">10.2747/1538-7216.47.1.61</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:43955186">43955186</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eurasian+Geography+and+Economics&rft.atitle=Bosnia-Herzegovina+ten+years+after+Dayton%3A+Constitutional+change+and+public+opinion&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=61-75&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2747%2F1538-7216.47.1.61&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A43955186%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Tuathail&rft.aufirst=Gear%C3%B3id+%C3%93.&rft.au=O%27Loughlin%2C+John&rft.au=Djipa%2C+Dino&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADayton+Agreement" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWoodward1996" class="citation journal cs1">Woodward, Susan L. (1996). "Implementing Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina: a post-Dayton primer and memorandum of warning". <i>Foreign Policy Studies Program</i>. Brookings Institution.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Foreign+Policy+Studies+Program&rft.atitle=Implementing+Peace+in+Bosnia+and+Herzegovina%3A+a+post-Dayton+primer+and+memorandum+of+warning&rft.date=1996&rft.aulast=Woodward&rft.aufirst=Susan+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADayton+Agreement" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdriana_Camisar,_Boris_Diechtiareff,_Bartol_Letica,_Christine_Switzer2005" class="citation web cs1">Adriana Camisar, Boris Diechtiareff, Bartol Letica, Christine Switzer (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170808230216/http://ocw.tufts.edu/data/12//244825.pdf">"An Analysis of the Dayton Negotiations and Peace Accords"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ocw.tufts.edu/data/12/244825.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 8 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=An+Analysis+of+the+Dayton+Negotiations+and+Peace+Accords&rft.pub=The+Fletcher+School+of+Law+and+Diplomacy&rft.date=2005&rft.au=Adriana+Camisar%2C+Boris+Diechtiareff%2C+Bartol+Letica%2C+Christine+Switzer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Focw.tufts.edu%2Fdata%2F12%2F244825.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADayton+Agreement" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dayton_Agreement&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Dayton_Agreement" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Dayton Agreement">Dayton Agreement</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305073517/http://www.ucdp.uu.se/gpdatabase/peace/BoH%2019951121.pdf">General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/153203/Dayton-Accords"><i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>, Dayton Accords</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://peacemaker.un.org/bosniadaytonagreement95">Full text of the General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina</a>, UN Peacemaker</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://peacemaker.un.org/document-search?keys=&field_padate_value%5Bvalue%5D%5Bdate%5D=&field_pacountry_tid=Bosnia+and+Herzegovina">Text of all peace agreements for Bosnia and Herzegovina</a>, UN Peacemaker</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ejil.org/issue.php?issue=56">The Dayton Agreements: A Breakthrough for Peace and Justice?</a>, a Symposium at the <i>European Journal of International Law</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bosnia.org.uk/news/news_body.cfm?newsid=2202">Bosnia: a single country or an apple of discord?</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150923194522/http://www.bosnia.org.uk/news/news_body.cfm?newsid=2202">Archived</a> 23 September 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bosnian_Institute" title="Bosnian Institute">Bosnian Institute</a>, 12 May 2006</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060524164925/http://www.usip.org/events/2005/1121_dayton.html">Beyond Dayton: The Balkans and Euro-Atlantic Integration</a> <a href="/wiki/U.S._Institute_of_Peace" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Institute of Peace">U.S. Institute of Peace</a> Event, November 2005 (Audio & transcripts)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://peacemaker.un.org/document-search?field_pacountry_tid=Bosnia+and+Herzegovina/">All Peace Agreements in Bosnia, UN Peacemaker</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 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.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Bosnian_War" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bosnian_War" title="Template:Bosnian War"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bosnian_War" title="Template talk:Bosnian War"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bosnian_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bosnian War"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bosnian_War" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_War" title="Bosnian War">Bosnian War</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Part of the <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Wars" title="Yugoslav Wars">Yugoslav Wars</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Belligerents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_%281992%E2%80%931998%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_%281992%E2%80%931998%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_%281992%E2%80%931998%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_%281992%E2%80%931998%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_%281992%E2%80%931998%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_%281992%E2%80%931998%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></span> Bosniak side</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Army_of_the_Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_Corps_(Army_of_the_Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina)" title="1st Corps (Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina)">1st Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2nd_Corps_(Army_of_the_Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina)" title="2nd Corps (Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina)">2nd Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_Corps_(Army_of_the_Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina)" title="3rd Corps (Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina)">3rd Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Corps_(Army_of_the_Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina)" title="4th Corps (Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina)">4th Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_Corps_(Army_of_the_Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina)" title="5th Corps (Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina)">5th Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_Corps_(Army_of_the_Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina)" title="6th Corps (Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina)">6th Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7th_Corps_(Army_of_the_Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina)" title="7th Corps (Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina)">7th Corps</a></li></ul></li> <li>Paramilitary <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patriotic_League_(Bosnia_and_Herzegovina)" title="Patriotic League (Bosnia and Herzegovina)">Patriotic League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Berets_(Bosnian_paramilitary)" title="Green Berets (Bosnian paramilitary)">Green Berets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Defence_Forces" title="Croatian Defence Forces">Croatian Defence Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_mujahideen" title="Bosnian mujahideen">Bosnian mujahideen</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_the_Croatian_Republic_of_Herzeg-Bosnia.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Croatian_Republic_of_Herzeg-Bosnia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_the_Croatian_Republic_of_Herzeg-Bosnia.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Croatian_Republic_of_Herzeg-Bosnia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_the_Croatian_Republic_of_Herzeg-Bosnia.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Croatian_Republic_of_Herzeg-Bosnia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></span> Croat side</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Defence_Council" title="Croatian Defence Council">Croatian Defence Council</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1OZ_(HVO)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1OZ (HVO) (page does not exist)">1OZ</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2OZ_(HVO)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2OZ (HVO) (page does not exist)">2OZ</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=3OZ_(HVO)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3OZ (HVO) (page does not exist)">3OZ</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=4OZ_(HVO)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4OZ (HVO) (page does not exist)">4OZ</a></li></ul></li> <li>Paramilitary <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Defence_Forces" title="Croatian Defence Forces">Croatian Defence Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Knights_(Croatian_Defence_Forces)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Knights (Croatian Defence Forces) (page does not exist)">Knights</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> Serb side</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Army_of_Republika_Srpska" title="Army of Republika Srpska">Army of Republika Srpska</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_Krajina_Corps" title="1st Krajina Corps">1st Krajina Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2nd_Krajina_Corps&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2nd Krajina Corps (page does not exist)">2nd Krajina Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=3rd_Corps_(VRS)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3rd Corps (VRS) (page does not exist)">3rd Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Bosnia_Corps_(VRS)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="East Bosnia Corps (VRS) (page does not exist)">East Bosnia Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herzegovina_Corps_(VRS)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Herzegovina Corps (VRS) (page does not exist)">Herzegovina Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarajevo-Romanija_Corps&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarajevo-Romanija Corps (page does not exist)">Sarajevo-Romanija Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drina_Corps&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Drina Corps (page does not exist)">Drina Corps</a></li></ul></li> <li>Paramilitary <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wolves_of_Vu%C4%8Djak" title="Wolves of Vučjak">Wolves of Vučjak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Eagles_(paramilitary)" title="White Eagles (paramilitary)">White Eagles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serb_Volunteer_Guard" title="Serb Volunteer Guard">Serb Volunteer Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scorpions_(paramilitary)" title="Scorpions (paramilitary)">Scorpions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_Wasps" title="Yellow Wasps">Yellow Wasps</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Autonomous_Province_of_Western_Bosnia.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Autonomous_Province_of_Western_Bosnia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Autonomous_Province_of_Western_Bosnia.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Autonomous_Province_of_Western_Bosnia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Autonomous_Province_of_Western_Bosnia.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Autonomous_Province_of_Western_Bosnia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></span> Western Bosnian side</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Defence_of_the_Autonomous_Province_of_Western_Bosnia" title="National Defence of the Autonomous Province of Western Bosnia">National Defence of the Autonomous Province of Western Bosnia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prelude</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87%E2%80%93Tu%C4%91man_Kara%C4%91or%C4%91evo_meeting" title="Milošević–Tuđman Karađorđevo meeting">Milošević–Tuđman Karađorđevo meeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zulfikarpa%C5%A1i%C4%87%E2%80%93Karad%C5%BEi%C4%87_agreement" title="Zulfikarpašić–Karadžić agreement">Zulfikarpašić–Karadžić agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAM_Plan" title="RAM Plan">RAM Plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serb_Autonomous_Regions" title="Serb Autonomous Regions">Serb Autonomous Regions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SAO_Bosanska_Krajina" title="SAO Bosanska Krajina">Bosanska Krajina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAO_Herzegovina" title="SAO Herzegovina">Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAO_North-East_Bosnia" title="SAO North-East Bosnia">North-East Bosnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAO_Romanija" title="SAO Romanija">Romanija</a></li></ul></li> <li>Establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Republic_of_Herzeg-Bosnia" title="Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia">Croatian Community of Herzeg Bosnia</a></li> <li>Establishment of <a href="/wiki/Republika_Srpska_(1992%E2%80%931995)" title="Republika Srpska (1992–1995)">Republika Srpska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Bosnian_independence_referendum" title="1992 Bosnian independence referendum">Bosnia and Herzegovina independence referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarajevo_wedding_attack" title="Sarajevo wedding attack">Sarajevo wedding attack</a></li> <li>Declaration of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Corridor_92" title="Operation Corridor 92">Battle of Bosanski Brod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sijekovac_killings" title="Sijekovac killings">Sijekovac killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bijeljina_massacre" title="Bijeljina massacre">Bijeljina massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_anti-war_protests_in_Sarajevo" title="1992 anti-war protests in Sarajevo">1992 anti-war protests in Sarajevo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1992</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kupres_(1992)" title="Battle of Kupres (1992)">Battle of Kupres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sarajevo" title="Siege of Sarajevo">Siege of Sarajevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazani_pit_killings" title="Kazani pit killings">Kazani pit killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fo%C4%8Da_ethnic_cleansing" title="Foča ethnic cleansing">Foča ethnic cleansing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosanski_%C5%A0amac_ethnic_cleansing" title="Bosanski Šamac ethnic cleansing">Bosanski Šamac ethnic cleansing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Srebrenica" title="Siege of Srebrenica">Siege of Srebrenica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zvornik_massacre" title="Zvornik massacre">Zvornik massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doboj_ethnic_cleansing_(1992)" title="Doboj ethnic cleansing (1992)">Doboj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snagovo_massacre" title="Snagovo massacre">Snagovo massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prijedor_ethnic_cleansing" title="Prijedor ethnic cleansing">Prijedor ethnic cleansing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Yugoslav_People%27s_Army_column_incident_in_Sarajevo" title="1992 Yugoslav People's Army column incident in Sarajevo">Sarajevo column incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Gora%C5%BEde" title="Siege of Goražde">Siege of Goražde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graz_agreement" title="Graz agreement">Graz agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glogova_massacre" title="Glogova massacre">Glogova massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La%C5%A1va_Valley_ethnic_cleansing" title="Lašva Valley ethnic cleansing">Lašva Valley ethnic cleansing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Yugoslav_People%27s_Army_column_incident_in_Tuzla" title="1992 Yugoslav People's Army column incident in Tuzla">Tuzla column incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaklopa%C4%8Da_massacre" title="Zaklopača massacre">Zaklopača massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Doboj" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Doboj">Siege of Doboj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bradina_massacre" title="Bradina massacre">Bradina massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarajevo_bread_line_massacre" title="Sarajevo bread line massacre">Sarajevo bread line massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bijeli_Potok_massacre" title="Bijeli Potok massacre">Bijeli Potok massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pionirska_Street_fire" title="Pionirska Street fire">Pionirska Street fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Jackal" title="Operation Jackal">Operation Jackal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vi%C5%A1egrad_massacres" title="Višegrad massacres">Višegrad massacres</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bosanska_Jagodina_massacre" title="Bosanska Jagodina massacre">Bosanska Jagodina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paklenik_massacre" title="Paklenik massacre">Paklenik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barimo_massacre" title="Barimo massacre">Barimo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sjeverin_massacre" title="Sjeverin massacre">Sjeverin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cemerno_massacre" title="Čemerno massacre">Čemerno massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Biha%C4%87_(1992%E2%80%9395)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Bihać (1992–95)">Siege of Bihać</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahatovi%C4%87i_massacre" title="Ahatovići massacre">Ahatovići massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croat%E2%80%93Bosniak_War" title="Croat–Bosniak War">Croat–Bosniak War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Vrbas_%2792" title="Operation Vrbas '92">Operation Vrbas '92</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Corridor_92" title="Operation Corridor 92">Operation Corridor 92</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bikavac_fire" title="Bikavac fire">Bikavac fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_1992_killings_of_Serbs_in_Bratunac_and_Srebrenica" title="July 1992 killings of Serbs in Bratunac and Srebrenica">Killings in Bratunac and Srebrenica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_Friendship_and_Cooperation_between_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_and_Croatia" title="Agreement on Friendship and Cooperation between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia">Agreement on Friendship and Cooperation between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kori%C4%87ani_Cliffs_massacre" title="Korićani Cliffs massacre">Korićani Cliffs massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mi%C4%8Divode_massacre" title="Mičivode massacre">Mičivode massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novoseoci_massacre" title="Novoseoci massacre">Novoseoci massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gornja_Jo%C5%A1anica_massacre" title="Gornja Jošanica massacre">Gornja Jošanica massacre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1993</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kravica_attack_(1993)" title="Kravica attack (1993)">Kravica attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Du%C5%A1a_killings" title="Duša killings">Duša killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skelani_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Skelani massacre">Skelani massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0trpci_massacre" title="Štrpci massacre">Štrpci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Mostar" title="Siege of Mostar">Siege of Mostar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12_April_1993_Srebrenica_shelling" title="12 April 1993 Srebrenica shelling">Srebrenica shelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmi%C4%87i_massacre" title="Ahmići massacre">Ahmići massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trusina_massacre" title="Trusina massacre">Trusina massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovi%C4%87i_and_Doljani_killings" title="Sovići and Doljani killings">Sovići and Doljani killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenica_massacre" title="Zenica massacre">Zenica massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vranica_case" title="Vranica case">Vranica case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dobrinja_mortar_attack" title="Dobrinja mortar attack">Dobrinja mortar attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C5%BDep%C4%8De" title="Battle of Žepče">Battle of Žepče</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Travnik_(1993)" title="Battle of Travnik (1993)">Battle of Travnik (1993)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bugojno" title="Battle of Bugojno">Battle of Bugojno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Irma" title="Operation Irma">Operation Irma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Neretva_%2793" title="Operation Neretva '93">Operation Neretva '93</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grabovica_massacre" title="Grabovica massacre">Grabovica massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mokronoge_massacre" title="Mokronoge massacre">Mokronoge massacre</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Autonomous_Province_of_Western_Bosnia.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Autonomous_Province_of_Western_Bosnia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Autonomous_Province_of_Western_Bosnia.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Autonomous_Province_of_Western_Bosnia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Autonomous_Province_of_Western_Bosnia.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Autonomous_Province_of_Western_Bosnia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Province_of_Western_Bosnia" title="Autonomous Province of Western Bosnia">Autonomous Province of Western Bosnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-Bosniak_conflict_in_Bosanska_Krajina" class="mw-redirect" title="Inter-Bosniak conflict in Bosanska Krajina">Inter-Bosniak conflict in Bosanska Krajina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stupni_Do_massacre" title="Stupni Do massacre">Stupni Do massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Deny_Flight" title="Operation Deny Flight">Operation Deny Flight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kri%C5%BEan%C4%8Devo_Selo_killings" class="mw-redirect" title="Križančevo Selo killings">Križančevo Selo killings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1994</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Tvigi_94" title="Operation Tvigi 94">Operation Tvigi 94</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markale_massacres" title="Markale massacres">First Markale massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banja_Luka_incident" title="Banja Luka incident">Banja Luka incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Agreement" title="Washington Agreement">Washington Agreement</a></li> <li>Establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_B%C3%B8llebank" title="Operation Bøllebank">Operation Bøllebank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_roadside_attack_on_Spin_magazine_journalists" title="1994 roadside attack on Spin magazine journalists">Attack on Spin magazine journalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Tiger_(1994)" title="Operation Tiger (1994)">Operation Tiger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_%22Breza_%2794%22" title="Operation "Breza '94"">Operation "Breza '94"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kupres_(1994)" title="Battle of Kupres (1994)">Battle of Kupres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Amanda" title="Operation Amanda">Operation Amanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scandinavian_Airlines_System_Flight_347" title="Scandinavian Airlines System Flight 347">Scandinavian Airlines System Flight 347</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Spider" title="Operation Spider">Operation Spider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Winter_%2794" title="Operation Winter '94">Operation Winter '94</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1995</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Vla%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Operation Vlašić">Operation Vlašić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Leap_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Leap 1">Operation Leap 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ora%C5%A1je" title="Battle of Orašje">Battle of Orašje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Leap_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Leap 2">Operation Leap 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Split_Agreement" title="Split Agreement">Split Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Summer_%2795" title="Operation Summer '95">Operation Summer '95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_Pale_air_strikes" title="1995 Pale air strikes">Pale air strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25_May_1995_Tuzla_shelling" class="mw-redirect" title="25 May 1995 Tuzla shelling">Tuzla shelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vrbanja_Bridge" title="Battle of Vrbanja Bridge">Battle of Vrbanja Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srebrenica_massacre" title="Srebrenica massacre">Srebrenica massacre</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kravica_massacre_(1995)" title="Kravica massacre (1995)">Kravica</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vozu%C4%87a" title="Battle of Vozuća">Battle of Vozuća</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Miracle_(1995)" title="Operation Miracle (1995)">Operation Miracle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Storm" title="Operation Storm">Operation Storm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markale_massacres" title="Markale massacres">Second Markale massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Deliberate_Force" title="Operation Deliberate Force">NATO bombing campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Mistral_2" title="Operation Mistral 2">Operation Mistral 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Sana" title="Operation Sana">Operation Sana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Una" title="Operation Una">Operation Una</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Southern_Move" title="Operation Southern Move">Operation Southern Move</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exodus_of_Sarajevo_Serbs" title="Exodus of Sarajevo Serbs">Exodus of Sarajevo Serbs</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dayton Agreement</a></li> <li>Establishment of <a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Internment camps</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Silos_camp" title="Silos camp">Silos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manja%C4%8Da_camp" title="Manjača camp">Manjača</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liplje_camp" title="Liplje camp">Liplje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luka_camp" title="Luka camp">Luka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vilina_Vlas" title="Vilina Vlas">Vilina Vlas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omarska_camp" title="Omarska camp">Omarska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keraterm_camp" title="Keraterm camp">Keraterm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trnopolje_camp" title="Trnopolje camp">Trnopolje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Su%C5%A1ica_camp" title="Sušica camp">Sušica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Celebi%C4%87i_camp" title="Čelebići camp">Čelebići</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musala_camp" title="Musala camp">Musala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batkovi%C4%87_camp" title="Batković camp">Batković</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dretelj_camp" title="Dretelj camp">Dretelj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzamnica_camp" title="Uzamnica camp">Uzamnica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heliodrom_camp" title="Heliodrom camp">Heliodrom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabela_camp" title="Gabela camp">Gabela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vojno_camp" title="Vojno camp">Vojno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamenica_camp" title="Kamenica camp">Kamenica camp</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Aspects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_cleansing_in_the_Bosnian_War" title="Ethnic cleansing in the Bosnian War">Ethnic cleansing</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_massacres_in_the_Bosnian_War" title="List of massacres in the Bosnian War">massacres</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_genocide" title="Bosnian genocide">Bosnian genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_genocide_denial" title="Bosnian genocide denial">Bosnian genocide denial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internment_camps_in_the_Bosnian_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Internment camps in the Bosnian War">Internment camps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rape_during_the_Bosnian_War" title="Rape during the Bosnian War">Rape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_plans_proposed_before_and_during_the_Bosnian_War" title="Peace plans proposed before and during the Bosnian War">Peace plans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATO_intervention_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="NATO intervention in Bosnia and Herzegovina">NATO intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_support_in_the_Bosnian_War" title="Foreign support in the Bosnian War">Foreign support</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_fighters_in_the_Bosnian_War" title="Foreign fighters in the Bosnian War">Foreign fighters</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bosnian_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of the Bosnian War">Timeline of the Bosnian War</a> (<a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Croat%E2%80%93Bosniak_War" title="Timeline of the Croat–Bosniak War">Timeline of the Croat–Bosniak War</a>) <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Bosnian_War" title="Category:Bosnian War">Category</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bosnian_War" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Bosnian War">Commons</a></b></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Yugoslavia_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Yugoslavia_topics" title="Template:Yugoslavia topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Yugoslavia_topics" title="Template talk:Yugoslavia topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Yugoslavia_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Yugoslavia topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Yugoslavia_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a> articles</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavia">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Yugoslavia" title="Timeline of Yugoslavia">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creation_of_Yugoslavia" title="Creation of Yugoslavia">Creation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/6_January_Dictatorship" title="6 January Dictatorship">6 January Dictatorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_regency" title="Yugoslav regency">Yugoslav regency</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_II_in_Yugoslavia" title="World War II in Yugoslavia">World War II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Yugoslavia" title="Invasion of Yugoslavia">Invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Partisans" title="Yugoslav Partisans">Partisans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chetniks" title="Chetniks">Chetniks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Usta%C5%A1e" title="Ustaše">Ustaše</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgrade_offensive" title="Belgrade offensive">Belgrade offensive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">SFR Yugoslavia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tito%E2%80%93Stalin_split" title="Tito–Stalin split">Tito–Stalin split</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Informbiro_period" title="Informbiro period">Informbiro period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balkan_Pact_(1953)" title="Balkan Pact (1953)">Balkan Pact</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">FR Yugoslavia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_War" title="Kosovo War">Kosovo War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overthrow_of_Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87" title="Overthrow of Slobodan Milošević">Overthrow of Slobodan Milošević</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavism" title="Yugoslavism">Yugoslavism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_irredentism" title="Yugoslav irredentism">Yugoslav irredentism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Committee" title="Yugoslav Committee">Yugoslav Committee</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugo-nostalgia" title="Yugo-nostalgia">Yugo-nostalgia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Breakup of Yugoslavia">Breakup</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Template:Breakup of Yugoslavia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Template talk:Breakup of Yugoslavia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Breakup of Yugoslavia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Breakup of Yugoslavia">Breakup of Yugoslavia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Overview</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Breakup of Yugoslavia">Breakup of Yugoslavia</a> (1991–1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Timeline of the breakup of Yugoslavia">Timeline of the breakup of Yugoslavia</a> (1980–2008)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Background</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Josip Broz Tito">Josip Broz Tito</a> (until 1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brotherhood_and_unity" title="Brotherhood and unity">Brotherhood and unity</a> (until 1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Communists_of_Yugoslavia" title="League of Communists of Yugoslavia">League of Communists of Yugoslavia</a> (until 1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Spring" title="Croatian Spring">Croatian Spring</a> (1967–1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_protests_in_Kosovo" title="1981 protests in Kosovo">1981 protests in Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Declaration" title="Islamic Declaration">Islamic Declaration</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SANU_Memorandum" title="SANU Memorandum">SANU Memorandum</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contributions_to_the_Slovene_National_Program" title="Contributions to the Slovene National Program">Contributions to the Slovene National Program</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovene_Spring" class="mw-redirect" title="Slovene Spring">Slovene Spring</a> (1987–1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agrokomerc_Affair" class="mw-redirect" title="Agrokomerc Affair">Agrokomerc Affair</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/8th_session_of_the_Central_Committee_of_the_League_of_Communists_of_Serbia" title="8th session of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Serbia">8th session of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Serbia</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/JBTZ_trial" title="JBTZ trial">JBTZ trial</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperinflation_in_the_Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyperinflation in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Hyperinflation in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia</a> (1980s)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events and actors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-bureaucratic_revolution" title="Anti-bureaucratic revolution">Anti-bureaucratic revolution</a> (1988–1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gazimestan_speech" title="Gazimestan speech">Gazimestan speech</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/14th_Congress_of_the_League_of_Communists_of_Yugoslavia" title="14th Congress of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia">14th Congress of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_of_Croatia" title="Independence of Croatia">Independence of Croatia</a> (1989–1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Log_Revolution" title="Log Revolution">Log Revolution</a> (1990–1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87%E2%80%93Tu%C4%91man_Kara%C4%91or%C4%91evo_meeting" title="Milošević–Tuđman Karađorđevo meeting">Milošević–Tuđman Karađorđevo meeting</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAM_Plan" title="RAM Plan">RAM Plan</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brioni_Agreement" title="Brioni Agreement">Brioni Agreement</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Role_of_the_media_in_the_breakup_of_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Role of the media in the breakup of Yugoslavia">Role of the media in the breakup of Yugoslavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arbitration_Commission_of_the_Peace_Conference_on_Yugoslavia" title="Arbitration Commission of the Peace Conference on Yugoslavia">Arbitration Commission of the Peace Conference on Yugoslavia</a> (1991–1993)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Yugoslavian_independence_referendums" title="Template:Yugoslavian independence referendums"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Yugoslavian_independence_referendums" title="Template talk:Yugoslavian independence referendums"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Yugoslavian_independence_referendums" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Yugoslavian independence referendums"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia&#124;link=Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia_Independence_referendums_in_Yugoslavia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia"><img alt="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> Independence referendums in Yugoslavia</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Republics and provinces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1990_Slovenian_independence_referendum" title="1990 Slovenian independence referendum">Slovenia</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Croatian_independence_referendum" title="1991 Croatian independence referendum">Croatia</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Macedonian_independence_referendum" title="1991 Macedonian independence referendum">Macedonia</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Kosovan_independence_referendum" title="1991 Kosovan independence referendum">Kosovo</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Bosnian_independence_referendum" title="1992 Bosnian independence referendum">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Montenegrin_sovereignty_referendum" title="1992 Montenegrin sovereignty referendum">Montenegro</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Montenegrin_independence_referendum" title="2006 Montenegrin independence referendum">Montenegro</a> (2006)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Autonomy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1990_SAO_Krajina_autonomy_referendum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1990 SAO Krajina autonomy referendum (page does not exist)">SAO Krajina</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Sand%C5%BEak_autonomy_referendum" title="1991 Sandžak autonomy referendum">Sandžak</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Bosnian_Serb_referendum" title="1991 Bosnian Serb referendum">Srpska</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Macedonian_Albanian_autonomy_referendum" class="mw-redirect" title="1992 Macedonian Albanian autonomy referendum">Ilirida</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Eastern_Slavonia_integrity_referendum" title="1997 Eastern Slavonia integrity referendum">Eastern Slavonia</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Macedonian_autonomy_referendum" title="2004 Macedonian autonomy referendum">Macedonia</a> (2004)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Consequences</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Wars" title="Yugoslav Wars">Yugoslav Wars</a> (1991-2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_cleansing" title="Ethnic cleansing">Ethnic cleansing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_War_of_Independence" title="Croatian War of Independence">Croatian War of Independence</a> (1991–1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ten-Day_War" title="Ten-Day War">Ten-Day War</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_War" title="Bosnian War">Bosnian War</a> (1992–1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Federal Republic of Yugoslavia</a> (1992–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graz_agreement" title="Graz agreement">Graz agreement</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanctions_against_the_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanctions against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Sanctions against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia</a> (1992–2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperinflation_in_the_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Hyperinflation in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Hyperinflation in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia</a> (1992–1994)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dayton Agreement</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Criminal_Enterprise" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint Criminal Enterprise">Joint Criminal Enterprise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_Sub-Regional_Arms_Control" title="Agreement on Sub-Regional Arms Control">Agreement on Sub-Regional Arms Control</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia" title="International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia">International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia</a> (1993–2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overthrow_of_Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87" title="Overthrow of Slobodan Milošević">Overthrow of Slobodan Milošević</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nationalism</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Albania" title="Greater Albania">Greater Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Croatia" title="Greater Croatia">Greater Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Macedonia" title="United Macedonia">United Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Serbia" title="Greater Serbia">Greater Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Slovenia" title="United Slovenia">United Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Serbian_sentiment" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-Serbian sentiment">Anti-Serbian sentiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamophobia" title="Islamophobia">Islamophobia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_nationalism" title="Albanian nationalism">Albanian nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosniak_nationalism" title="Bosniak nationalism">Bosniak nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_nationalism" title="Croatian nationalism">Croatian nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_nationalism" title="Macedonian nationalism">Macedonian nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_nationalism" title="Montenegrin nationalism">Montenegrin nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_nationalism" title="Serbian nationalism">Serbian nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian%E2%80%93Montenegrin_unionism" title="Serbian–Montenegrin unionism">Serbian–Montenegrin unionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_nationalism" title="Slovenian nationalism">Slovenian nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavism" title="Yugoslavism">Yugoslavism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Category:Breakup of Yugoslavia">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavia">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Yugoslavia" title="Administrative divisions of Yugoslavia">Administrative divisions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_the_Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Subdivisions of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Kingdom</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Yugoslavia" title="Constitution of Yugoslavia">Constitution</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Vidovdan_Constitution" title="Vidovdan Constitution">1921</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/1931_Yugoslav_Constitution" title="1931 Yugoslav Constitution">1931</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/1946_Yugoslav_Constitution" title="1946 Yugoslav Constitution">1946</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/1953_Yugoslav_constitutional_amendments" title="1953 Yugoslav constitutional amendments">1953</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/1963_Yugoslav_Constitution" title="1963 Yugoslav Constitution">1963</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/1974_Yugoslav_Constitution" title="1974 Yugoslav Constitution">1974</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Yugoslavia" title="Elections in Yugoslavia">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Executive_Council_(Yugoslavia)" title="Federal Executive Council (Yugoslavia)">Federal Executive Council</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Yugoslavia" title="Prime Minister of Yugoslavia">Prime Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Yugoslavia" title="Deputy Prime Minister of Yugoslavia">Deputy Prime Minister</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Yugoslavia" title="Foreign relations of Yugoslavia">Foreign relations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia_and_the_United_Nations" title="Yugoslavia and the United Nations">UN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia_and_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Yugoslavia and the Non-Aligned Movement">NAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia_and_the_Organisation_of_African_Unity" title="Yugoslavia and the Organisation of African Unity">OAU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia%E2%80%93European_Communities_relations" title="Yugoslavia–European Communities relations">EEC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_passport" title="Yugoslav passport">Passport</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cabinets_of_Yugoslavia" title="List of cabinets of Yugoslavia">Governments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Yugoslavia" title="List of heads of state of Yugoslavia">Heads of state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_deputy_heads_of_state_of_Yugoslavia" title="List of deputy heads of state of Yugoslavia">Deputy heads of state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Yugoslavia" title="Presidency of Yugoslavia">Presidency</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_Presidency_of_Yugoslavia" title="List of members of the Presidency of Yugoslavia">members</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Human_rights_in_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Human rights in Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Yugoslavia" title="LGBT history in Yugoslavia">LGBT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliament of Yugoslavia">Parliament</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Titoism" title="Titoism">Titoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%90ilasism" title="Đilasism">Đilasism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rankovi%C4%87ism" title="Rankovićism">Rankovićism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Yugoslavia" title="List of political parties in Yugoslavia">Political parties</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Communists_of_Yugoslavia" title="League of Communists of Yugoslavia">League of Communists</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Security_Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="State Security Administration">Security</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/KOS_(Yugoslavia)" class="mw-redirect" title="KOS (Yugoslavia)">counterintelligence</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Army_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Yugoslav Army (disambiguation)">Military</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_history_of_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military history of Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">History</a></li> <li>Army <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Yugoslav_Army" title="Royal Yugoslav Army"><span style="font-size:85%;">1918–1945</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_People%27s_Army" title="Yugoslav People's Army"><span style="font-size:85%;">1945–1992</span></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Ground_Forces" title="Yugoslav Ground Forces"><span style="font-size:85%;">Ground</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Navy <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Yugoslav_Navy" title="Royal Yugoslav Navy"><span style="font-size:85%;">1918–1945</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Navy" title="Yugoslav Navy"><span style="font-size:85%;">1945–1992</span></a></li></ul></li> <li>Air Force <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Yugoslav_Air_Force" title="Royal Yugoslav Air Force"><span style="font-size:85%;">1918–1945</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Air_Force" title="Yugoslav Air Force"><span style="font-size:85%;">1945–1992</span></a></li></ul></li> <li>Ranks <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Military ranks of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia"><span style="font-size:85%;">1918–1945</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_People%27s_Army_ranks" class="mw-redirect" title="Yugoslav People's Army ranks"><span style="font-size:85%;">1945–1992</span></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marshal_of_Yugoslavia" title="Marshal of Yugoslavia"><span style="font-size:85%;">Marshal</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_Defense_(Yugoslavia)" title="Territorial Defense (Yugoslavia)">Territorial Defense</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Economy of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture in Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_computer_hardware_in_Yugoslavia" title="History of computer hardware in Yugoslavia">Computer systems</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_computer_systems_from_Yugoslavia" title="List of computer systems from Yugoslavia">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_dinar" title="Yugoslav dinar">Dinar <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Energy_in_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Energy in Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Industry_of_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Industry of Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_krone" title="Yugoslav krone">Krone <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_industry_of_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining industry of Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Bank_of_Yugoslavia" title="National Bank of Yugoslavia">National Bank</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_national_banks_of_Serbia_and_Yugoslavia" title="List of governors of national banks of Serbia and Yugoslavia">governors</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postal_codes_in_Yugoslavia" title="Postal codes in Yugoslavia">Postal codes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Services_in_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Services in Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Stock_Exchange" title="Belgrade Stock Exchange">Stock Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Telecommunications_in_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Telecommunications in Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">Telecommunications</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/.yu" title=".yu">Internet domain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Yugoslavia" title="Telephone numbers in Yugoslavia">Telephone numbers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tourism_in_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tourism in Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transport in Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">Transport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Railways" title="Yugoslav Railways">Railways</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_the_Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="List of companies of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">List of companies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Yugoslavia" title="Category:Society of Yugoslavia">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Yugoslavia">Demographics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Demographics of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Demographics of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">SFRY</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Education_in_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Education in Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Yugoslavia" title="Ethnic groups in Yugoslavia">Ethnic groups</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Healthcare_in_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Healthcare in Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minorities_of_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minorities of Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">Minorities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Yugoslavia" title="Public holidays in Yugoslavia">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavs" title="Yugoslavs">Yugoslavs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavs_in_Serbia" title="Yugoslavs in Serbia">in Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Canadians" title="Yugoslav Canadians">in Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Americans" title="Yugoslav Americans">in the United States</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Yugoslavia" title="Languages of Yugoslavia">Languages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_language" title="Macedonian language">Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbo-Croatian" title="Serbo-Croatian">Serbo-Croatian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_language" title="Bosnian language">Bosnian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_language" title="Croatian language">Croatian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_language" title="Montenegrin language">Montenegrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_language" title="Serbian language">Serbian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovene_language" title="Slovene language">Slovene <span style="font-size:85%;">(Slovenian)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Culture_of_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Culture of Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_studies" title="Yugoslav studies">Yugoslav studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Academy_of_Sciences_and_Arts" title="Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts">Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Yugoslavia" title="Architecture of Yugoslavia">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_of_Yugoslavia" title="Art of Yugoslavia">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Yugoslavia" title="Cinema of Yugoslavia">Cinema</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Yugoslav_films" title="List of Yugoslav films">films</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Drama_Theatre" title="Yugoslav Drama Theatre">Drama</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Yugoslavia" title="Encyclopedia of Yugoslavia">Encyclopedia of Yugoslavia</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Folklore_of_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Folklore of Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">Folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Yugoslavia" title="Music of Yugoslavia">Music</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Yugoslav_composers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Yugoslav composers (page does not exist)">composers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yugoslav_national_costume&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yugoslav national costume (page does not exist)">National costume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_philosophy" title="Yugoslav philosophy">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Religion in Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Yugoslavia" title="Sport in Yugoslavia">Sport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Football_in_Yugoslavia" title="Football in Yugoslavia">football</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Radio_Television" title="Yugoslav Radio Television">Yugoslav Radio Television</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Cuisine</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_cuisine" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina cuisine">Bosnian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_cuisine" title="Croatian cuisine">Croatian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_wine" title="Croatian wine">wine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_cuisine" title="Macedonian cuisine">Macedonian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_wine" title="Macedonian wine">wine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_cuisine" title="Montenegrin cuisine">Montenegrin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_wine" title="Montenegrin wine">wine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_cuisine" title="Serbian cuisine">Serbian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_wine" title="Serbian wine">wine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_cuisine" title="Slovenian cuisine">Slovenian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_wine" title="Slovenian wine">wine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovan_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosovan cuisine">Kosovan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balkan_cuisine" title="Balkan cuisine">Balkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_European_cuisine" title="Central European cuisine">Central European</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_cuisine" title="Mediterranean cuisine">Mediterranean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Literature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Literature of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_literature" title="Croatian literature">Croatian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Kosovo" title="Literature of Kosovo">Kosovan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_literature" title="Macedonian literature">Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Montenegro" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of Montenegro">Montenegrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_literature" title="Serbian literature">Serbian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovene_literature" title="Slovene literature">Slovene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Yugoslav_poets" title="List of Yugoslav poets">Poets</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Symbols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Anthem_of_the_Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="National Anthem of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Anthem <span style="font-size:85%;">(1918–1945</span></a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Hey,_Slavs" title="Hey, Slavs">1945–1992)</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Yugoslavia" title="Emblem of Yugoslavia">Emblem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Yugoslavia" title="Flag of Yugoslavia">Flag of Yugoslavia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Yugoslav_flags" title="List of Yugoslav flags">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brotherhood_and_unity" title="Brotherhood and unity">Motto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_SFR_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of SFR Yugoslavia">Orders, decorations, and medals of SFR Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Yugoslavia" title="Category:Yugoslavia">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Alija_Izetbegović" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Alija_Izetbegovi%C4%87" title="Template:Alija Izetbegović"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Alija_Izetbegovi%C4%87" title="Template talk:Alija Izetbegović"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Alija_Izetbegovi%C4%87" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Alija Izetbegović"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Alija_Izetbegović" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Alija_Izetbegovi%C4%87" title="Alija Izetbegović">Alija Izetbegović</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bosniak_members_of_the_Presidency_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Bosniak members of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosniak Member of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> (1990–2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Life and politics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_Democratic_Action" title="Party of Democratic Action">Party of Democratic Action</a></li> <li>General elections <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1990_Bosnian_general_election" title="1990 Bosnian general election">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Bosnian_general_election" title="1996 Bosnian general election">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_Bosnian_general_election" title="1998 Bosnian general election">1998</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funeral_of_Alija_Izetbegovi%C4%87" title="Funeral of Alija Izetbegović">Death and funeral</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Alija_Izetbegovic_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Alija Izetbegović"><img alt="Alija Izetbegović" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Alija_Izetbegovic_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Alija_Izetbegovic_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Alija_Izetbegovic_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Alija_Izetbegovic_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Alija_Izetbegovic_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-Alija_Izetbegovic_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="755" data-file-height="1056" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presidency</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87%E2%80%93Tu%C4%91man_Kara%C4%91or%C4%91evo_meeting" title="Milošević–Tuđman Karađorđevo meeting">Karađorđevo meeting</a></li> <li>Agreements <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zulfikarpa%C5%A1i%C4%87%E2%80%93Karad%C5%BEi%C4%87_agreement" title="Zulfikarpašić–Karadžić agreement">Zulfikarpašić–Karadžić agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_plans_proposed_before_and_during_the_Bosnian_War#Carrington–Cutileiro_plan" title="Peace plans proposed before and during the Bosnian War">Lisbon Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Agreement_(1994)" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Agreement (1994)">Washington Agreement</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dayton Agreement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Bosnian_independence_referendum" title="1992 Bosnian independence referendum">1992 Independence referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_anti-war_protests_in_Sarajevo" title="1992 anti-war protests in Sarajevo">1992 anti-war protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_War" title="Bosnian War">Bosnian War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sarajevo" title="Siege of Sarajevo">Siege of Sarajevo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croat%E2%80%93Bosniak_War" title="Croat–Bosniak War">Croat–Bosniak War</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bakir_Izetbegovi%C4%87" title="Bakir Izetbegović">Bakir Izetbegović</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(son)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Writings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Declaration" title="Islamic Declaration">Islamic Declaration</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Alija_Izetbegovi%C4%87" title="Category:Alija Izetbegović">Category</a></b></li> <li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Alija_Izetbegovi%C4%87" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Alija Izetbegović">Commons</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Halid_Genjac" title="Halid Genjac">Halid Genjac →</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Franjo_Tuđman" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Franjo_Tu%C4%91man" title="Template:Franjo Tuđman"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Franjo_Tu%C4%91man" title="Template talk:Franjo Tuđman"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Franjo_Tu%C4%91man" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Franjo Tuđman"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Franjo_Tuđman" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Franjo_Tu%C4%91man" title="Franjo Tuđman">Franjo Tuđman</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Croatia" title="List of presidents of Croatia">1st</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_Croatia" title="President of Croatia">President of Croatia</a> (1990–1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Presidency_of_the_Republic_of_Croatia" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the Presidency of the Republic of Croatia">President of the Presidency of the Republic of Croatia</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Presidency_of_the_Socialist_Republic_of_Croatia" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the Presidency of the Socialist Republic of Croatia">President of the Presidency of the Socialist Republic of Croatia</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_chairpersons_of_the_Croatian_Democratic_Union" title="List of chairpersons of the Croatian Democratic Union">1st President of the Croatian Democratic Union</a> (1989–1990)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presidency</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87%E2%80%93Tu%C4%91man_Kara%C4%91or%C4%91evo_meeting" title="Milošević–Tuđman Karađorđevo meeting">Milošević–Tuđman Karađorđevo meeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brioni_Agreement" title="Brioni Agreement">Brioni Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_of_Croatia" title="Independence of Croatia">Independence of Croatia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_War_of_Independence" title="Croatian War of Independence">Croatian War of Independence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1991_Croatian_independence_referendum" title="1991 Croatian independence referendum">1991 Croatian independence referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_the_Banski_Dvori" title="Bombing of the Banski Dvori">Bombing of the Banski Dvori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vance_plan" title="Vance plan">Vance plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Split_Agreement" title="Split Agreement">Split Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Storm" title="Operation Storm">Operation Storm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erdut_Agreement" title="Erdut Agreement">Erdut Agreement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croat%E2%80%93Bosniak_War" title="Croat–Bosniak War">Croat–Bosniak War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_Friendship_and_Cooperation_between_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_and_Croatia" title="Agreement on Friendship and Cooperation between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia">Agreement on Friendship and Cooperation between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Agreement_(1994)" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Agreement (1994)">Washington Agreement</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zagreb_crisis" title="Zagreb crisis">Zagreb crisis</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dayton Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaties_between_the_Republic_of_Croatia_and_the_Holy_See" title="Treaties between the Republic of Croatia and the Holy See">Treaties between the Republic of Croatia and the Holy See</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Franjo_Tudjman_1995.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Franjo_Tudjman_1995.jpg/120px-Franjo_Tudjman_1995.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Franjo_Tudjman_1995.jpg/180px-Franjo_Tudjman_1995.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Franjo_Tudjman_1995.jpg/240px-Franjo_Tudjman_1995.jpg 2x" data-file-width="773" data-file-height="1229" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Parliamentary <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1990_Croatian_parliamentary_election" title="1990 Croatian parliamentary election">1990</a></li></ul></li> <li>Presidential <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1992_Croatian_presidential_election" title="1992 Croatian presidential election">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Croatian_presidential_election" title="1997 Croatian presidential election">1997</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ankica_Tu%C4%91man" title="Ankica Tuđman">Ankica Tuđman</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miroslav_Tu%C4%91man" title="Miroslav Tuđman">Miroslav Tuđman</a> (son)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Veliko_Trgovi%C5%A1%C4%87e" title="Veliko Trgovišće">Veliko Trgovišće</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Democratic_Union" title="Croatian Democratic Union">Croatian Democratic Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Spring" title="Croatian Spring">Croatian Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Croatia" title="Greater Croatia">Greater Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trial_of_Gotovina_et_al." title="Trial of Gotovina et al.">Trial of Gotovina et al.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_named_after_Franjo_Tu%C4%91man" title="List of places named after Franjo Tuđman">Places named after Franjo Tuđman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zagreb_Airport" title="Zagreb Airport">Zagreb Airport</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Franjo_Tu%C4%91man" title="Category:Franjo Tuđman">Category:Franjo Tuđman</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" 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