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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="ਦਿੱਖ"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="ਸਫ਼ੇ ਦੇ ਫੋਂਟ ਦਾ ਆਕਾਰ, ਚੌਡ਼ਾਈ ਅਤੇ ਰੰਗ ਦੀ ਦਿੱਖ ਨੂੰ ਬਦਲੋ" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ਦਿੱਖ" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ਦਿੱਖ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_pa.wikipedia.org&uselang=pa" class=""><span>ਦਾਨ</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%93&returnto=%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BF+%E0%A8%A7%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80" title="ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਖ਼ਾਤਾ ਬਣਾਉਣ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਕਰਨ ਦੀ ਸਲਾਹ ਦਿੱਤੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ; ਹਾਲਾਂਕਿ ਇਹ ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਨਹੀਂ" class=""><span>ਖ਼ਾਤਾ ਬਣਾਓ</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A8&returnto=%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BF+%E0%A8%A7%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80" title="ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਹੋਣ ਲਈ ਪ੍ਰੇਰਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ; ਪਰ ਇਹ ਕੋਈ ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਨਹੀਂ [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਹੋਵੋ</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="ਹੋਰ ਚੋਣਾਂ" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ਨਿੱਜੀ ਸੰਦ" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ਨਿੱਜੀ ਸੰਦ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_pa.wikipedia.org&uselang=pa"><span>ਦਾਨ</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%93&returnto=%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BF+%E0%A8%A7%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80" title="ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਖ਼ਾਤਾ ਬਣਾਉਣ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਕਰਨ ਦੀ ਸਲਾਹ ਦਿੱਤੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ; ਹਾਲਾਂਕਿ ਇਹ ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਨਹੀਂ"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>ਖ਼ਾਤਾ ਬਣਾਓ</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A8&returnto=%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BF+%E0%A8%A7%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80" title="ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਹੋਣ ਲਈ ਪ੍ਰੇਰਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ; ਪਰ ਇਹ ਕੋਈ ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਨਹੀਂ [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਹੋਵੋ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ਬਾਹਰ ਹੋਏ ਸੰਪਾਦਕਾਂ ਲਈ ਸਫ਼ੇ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%A6:%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A3-%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%9B%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A3" aria-label="ਸੰਪਾਦਨ ਬਾਰੇ ਹੋਰ ਜਾਣੋ"><span>ਹੋਰ ਜਾਣੋ</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%AF%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>ਯੋਗਦਾਨ</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%9A%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%9A%E0%A8%BE" title="ਇਸ IP ਪਤੇ ਤੋਂ ਹੋਈਆਂ ਸੋਧਾਂ ਬਾਰੇ ਗੱਲਬਾਤ [n]" accesskey="n"><span>ਗੱਲ-ਬਾਤ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="ਸਾਈਟ"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="ਸਮੱਗਰੀ" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ਸਮੱਗਰੀ</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">ਸਾਈਡਬਾਰ 'ਤੇ ਜਾਓ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ਲੁਕਾਓ</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">ਸ਼ੁਰੂਆਤ</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-ਹਵਾਲਾ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ਹਵਾਲਾ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>ਹਵਾਲਾ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ਹਵਾਲਾ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="ਸਮੱਗਰੀ" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ਸਮੱਗਰੀ ਦੀ ਸਾਰਣੀ ਨੂੰ ਟੌਗਲ ਕਰੋ" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ਸਮੱਗਰੀ ਦੀ ਸਾਰਣੀ ਨੂੰ ਟੌਗਲ ਕਰੋ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">ਸਹਿ ਧੁਨੀ</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="ਕਿਸੇ ਹੋਰ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਲੇਖ 'ਤੇ ਜਾਓ। 62 ਭਾਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਉਪਲਬਧ ਹੈ" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-62" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">62 ਭਾਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AF%D9%84_%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%8A" title="بدل صوتي – ਅਰਬੀ" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بدل صوتي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="ਅਰਬੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al%C3%B3fonu" title="Alófonu – ਅਸਤੂਰੀ" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Alófonu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="ਅਸਤੂਰੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allofon" title="Allofon – ਅਜ਼ਰਬਾਈਜਾਨੀ" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Allofon" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="ਅਜ਼ਰਬਾਈਜਾਨੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Аллофон – ਬਸ਼ਕੀਰ" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Аллофон" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="ਬਸ਼ਕੀਰ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Алафон – ਬੇਲਾਰੂਸੀ" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Алафон" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="ਬੇਲਾਰੂਸੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Аляфон – ਬੇਲਾਰੂਸੀ (ਰਵਾਇਤੀ)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Аляфон" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="ਬੇਲਾਰੂਸੀ (ਰਵਾਇਤੀ)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alofonenn" title="Alofonenn – ਬਰੇਟਨ" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Alofonenn" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="ਬਰੇਟਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al%C2%B7l%C3%B2fon" title="Al·lòfon – ਕੈਟਾਲਾਨ" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Al·lòfon" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="ਕੈਟਾਲਾਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alofon" title="Alofon – ਚੈੱਕ" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Alofon" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ਚੈੱਕ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Аллофон – ਚੁਵਾਸ਼" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Аллофон" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ਚੁਵਾਸ਼" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aloffon" title="Aloffon – ਵੈਲਸ਼" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Aloffon" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="ਵੈਲਸ਼" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allofon" title="Allofon – ਡੈਨਿਸ਼" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Allofon" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="ਡੈਨਿਸ਼" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allophon" title="Allophon – ਜਰਮਨ" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Allophon" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="ਜਰਮਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alofon" title="Alofon – ਲੋਅਰ ਸੋਰਬੀਅਨ" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Alofon" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="ਲੋਅਰ ਸੋਰਬੀਅਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BB%CE%BB%CF%8C%CF%86%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%BF" title="Αλλόφωνο – ਯੂਨਾਨੀ" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αλλόφωνο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="ਯੂਨਾਨੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allophone" title="Allophone – ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Allophone" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alofono" title="Alofono – ਇਸਪੇਰਾਂਟੋ" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Alofono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="ਇਸਪੇਰਾਂਟੋ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al%C3%B3fono" title="Alófono – ਸਪੇਨੀ" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Alófono" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ਸਪੇਨੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allofoon" title="Allofoon – ਇਸਟੋਨੀਆਈ" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Allofoon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="ਇਸਟੋਨੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alofono" title="Alofono – ਬਾਸਕ" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Alofono" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="ਬਾਸਕ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AC%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87" title="واجگونه – ਫ਼ਾਰਸੀ" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="واجگونه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="ਫ਼ਾਰਸੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allofoni" title="Allofoni – ਫਿਨਿਸ਼" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Allofoni" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ਫਿਨਿਸ਼" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allophone_(phonologie)" title="Allophone (phonologie) – ਫਰਾਂਸੀਸੀ" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Allophone (phonologie)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ਫਰਾਂਸੀਸੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allofoan" title="Allofoan – ਪੱਛਮੀ ਫ੍ਰਿਸੀਅਨ" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Allofoan" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="ਪੱਛਮੀ ਫ੍ਰਿਸੀਅਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al%C3%B3fono_(fon%C3%A9tica)" title="Alófono (fonética) – ਗੈਲਿਸ਼ਿਅਨ" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Alófono (fonética)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="ਗੈਲਿਸ਼ਿਅਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9F" title="אלופון – ਹਿਬਰੂ" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אלופון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ਹਿਬਰੂ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="सहस्वानिकी – ਹਿੰਦੀ" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सहस्वानिकी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ਹਿੰਦੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alofon" title="Alofon – ਸਰਬੋ-ਕ੍ਰੋਏਸ਼ੀਅਨ" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Alofon" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="ਸਰਬੋ-ਕ੍ਰੋਏਸ਼ੀਅਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alofon" title="Alofon – ਅੱਪਰ ਸੋਰਬੀਅਨ" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Alofon" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="ਅੱਪਰ ਸੋਰਬੀਅਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allof%C3%B3n" title="Allofón – ਹੰਗਰੀਆਈ" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Allofón" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ਹੰਗਰੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alofon" title="Alofon – ਇੰਡੋਨੇਸ਼ੀਆਈ" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Alofon" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="ਇੰਡੋਨੇਸ਼ੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hlj%C3%B3%C3%B0brig%C3%B0i" title="Hljóðbrigði – ਆਈਸਲੈਂਡਿਕ" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hljóðbrigði" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ਆਈਸਲੈਂਡਿਕ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allofono" title="Allofono – ਇਤਾਲਵੀ" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Allofono" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ਇਤਾਲਵੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%95%B0%E9%9F%B3" title="異音 – ਜਪਾਨੀ" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="異音" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="ਜਪਾਨੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Аллофон – ਕਜ਼ਾਖ਼" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Аллофон" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="ਕਜ਼ਾਖ਼" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%9D%8C_(%EC%9D%8C%EC%9A%B4%EB%A1%A0)" title="이음 (음운론) – ਕੋਰੀਆਈ" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이음 (음운론)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="ਕੋਰੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Аллофон – ਕਿਰਗੀਜ਼" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Аллофон" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="ਕਿਰਗੀਜ਼" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allofoon" title="Allofoon – ਲਿਮਬੁਰਗੀ" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Allofoon" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="ਲਿਮਬੁਰਗੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alofun" title="Alofun – ਇਟਾਲੀਅਨ" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Alofun" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="ਇਟਾਲੀਅਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alofonas" title="Alofonas – ਲਿਥੁਆਨੀਅਨ" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Alofonas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="ਲਿਥੁਆਨੀਅਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alofons" title="Alofons – ਲਾਤੀਵੀ" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Alofons" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="ਲਾਤੀਵੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Алофон – ਮੈਕਡੋਨੀਆਈ" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Алофон" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="ਮੈਕਡੋਨੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allofoon" title="Allofoon – ਡੱਚ" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Allofoon" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ਡੱਚ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allofon" title="Allofon – ਨਾਰਵੇਜਿਆਈ ਨਿਓਨੌਰਸਕ" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Allofon" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="ਨਾਰਵੇਜਿਆਈ ਨਿਓਨੌਰਸਕ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allofon" title="Allofon – ਨਾਰਵੇਜਿਆਈ ਬੋਕਮਲ" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Allofon" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="ਨਾਰਵੇਜਿਆਈ ਬੋਕਮਲ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allof%C3%B2n" title="Allofòn – ਓਕਸੀਟਾਨ" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Allofòn" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="ਓਕਸੀਟਾਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alofon" title="Alofon – ਪੋਲੈਂਡੀ" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Alofon" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="ਪੋਲੈਂਡੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alofonia" title="Alofonia – ਪੁਰਤਗਾਲੀ" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Alofonia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="ਪੁਰਤਗਾਲੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alofon" title="Alofon – ਰੋਮਾਨੀਆਈ" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Alofon" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="ਰੋਮਾਨੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Аллофон – ਰੂਸੀ" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Аллофон" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ਰੂਸੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allophones" title="Allophones – ਸਕਾਟਸ" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Allophones" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="ਸਕਾਟਸ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B6%D9%8A_%D8%A2%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2" title="عيوضي آواز – ਸਿੰਧੀ" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="عيوضي آواز" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="ਸਿੰਧੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allophone" title="Allophone – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Allophone" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alofoni" title="Alofoni – ਅਲਬਾਨੀਆਈ" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Alofoni" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="ਅਲਬਾਨੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allofon" title="Allofon – ਸਵੀਡਿਸ਼" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Allofon" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="ਸਵੀਡਿਸ਼" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alofoni" title="Alofoni – ਸਵਾਹਿਲੀ" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Alofoni" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="ਸਵਾਹਿਲੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2" title="หน่วยเสียงย่อย – ਥਾਈ" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="หน่วยเสียงย่อย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="ਥਾਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Алофон – ਯੂਕਰੇਨੀਆਈ" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Алофон" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ਯੂਕਰੇਨੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allofon" title="Allofon – ਉਜ਼ਬੇਕ" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Allofon" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ਉਜ਼ਬੇਕ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E5%BC%82%E9%9F%B3" title="同位异音 – ਚੀਨੀ ਵੂ" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="同位异音" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ਚੀਨੀ ਵੂ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%95%B0%E9%9F%B3" title="同位異音 – ਚੀਨੀ" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="同位異音" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ਚੀਨੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%95%B0%E9%9F%B3" title="同位異音 – ਕੈਂਟੋਨੀਜ਼" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="同位異音" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="ਕੈਂਟੋਨੀਜ਼" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q146863#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="ਅੰਤਰਭਾਸ਼ਾਈ ਕੜੀਆਂ ਸੋਧੋ" class="wbc-editpage">ਜੋੜ ਸੋਧੋ</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="ਨਾਂ-ਥਾਂ"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BF_%E0%A8%A7%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80" title="ਸਮੱਗਰੀ ਸਫ਼ਾ ਵੇਖੋ [c]" accesskey="c"><span>ਸਫ਼ਾ</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B9%E0%A9%9C%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%87%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A5%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%8B%E0%A9%9C%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%A8/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BF_%E0%A8%A7%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80" title="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ ਦੇ ਸਾਰੇ ਸਫ਼ਿਆਂ ਦੀ ਸੂਚੀ, ਜੋ ਇੱਥੇ ਜੋੜਦੇ ਹਨ [j]" accesskey="j"><span>ਇੱਥੇ ਕੀ ਆ ਕੇ ਜੁੜਦਾ ਹੈ</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%9C%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%82_%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%82/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BF_%E0%A8%A7%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80" rel="nofollow" title="ਇਸ ਸਫ਼ੇ ਤੋਂ ਜੋੜੇ ਗਏ ਸਫ਼ਿਆਂ ਵਿਚ ਹਾਲੀਆ ਤਬਦੀਲੀਆਂ [k]" accesskey="k"><span>ਸਬੰਧਤ ਤਬਦੀਲੀਆਂ</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">ਇਸ ਲੇਖ ਨੂੰ <b>ਕਿਸੇ <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A1%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86:Verifiability&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ:Verifiability (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ਸਰੋਤ</a> ਦਾ <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A1%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86:Citing_sources&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ:Citing sources (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ਹਵਾਲਾ</a> ਨਹੀਂ ਦਿੱਤਾ ਗਿਆ</b>।<span class="hide-when-compact"> ਕਿਰਪਾ ਕਰਕੇ <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%A6:Referencing_for_beginners&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਮਦਦ:Referencing for beginners (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ਭਰੋਸੇਯੋਗ ਸਰੋਤਾਂ ਦੇ ਹਵਾਲੇ</a> ਜੋੜ ਕੇ <a class="external text" href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BF_%E0%A8%A7%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80&action=edit">ਇਸ ਲੇਖ</a> ਨੂੰ ਸੁਧਾਰਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਮਦਦ ਕਰੋ। ਗੈਰ-ਸਰੋਤ ਸਮੱਗਰੀ ਨੂੰ ਚੁਣੌਤੀ ਦਿੱਤੀ ਜਾ ਸਕਦੀ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A1%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86:Verifiability&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ:Verifiability (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ਹਟਾਈ</a> ਜਾ ਸਕਦੀ ਹੈ।<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BF+%E0%A8%A7%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80%22">"ਸਹਿ ਧੁਨੀ"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" 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class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">ਇਹ ਲੇਖ ਦਾ ਅੰਦਾਜ਼ ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ ਉੱਤੇ ਵਰਤੇ ਜਾਂਦੇ <b><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A1%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86:%E0%A8%9A%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%96_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%A3_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A7%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%9D%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%85#ਲੇਖ_ਲਿਖਣ_ਦਾ_ਢੰਗ" title="ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ:ਚੰਗੇ ਲੇਖ ਲਿਖਣ ਸੰਬੰਧੀ ਸੁਝਾਅ">ਵਿਸ਼ਵਕੋਸ਼ ਅੰਦਾਜ਼</a> ਨਾਲ ਮੇਲ ਨਹੀਂ ਖਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ</b>।<span class="hide-when-compact"> ਸੁਝਾਵਾਂ ਲਈ ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ ਦਾ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A1%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86:%E0%A8%9A%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%96_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%A3_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A7%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%9D%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%85#ਲੇਖ_ਲਿਖਣ_ਦਾ_ਢੰਗ" title="ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ:ਚੰਗੇ ਲੇਖ ਲਿਖਣ ਸੰਬੰਧੀ ਸੁਝਾਅ">ਚੰਗੇ ਲੇਖ ਲਿਖਣ ਸੰਬੰਧੀ ਸੁਝਾਅ</a> ਦੇਖੋ।</span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%A6:Maintenance_template_removal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਮਦਦ:Maintenance template removal (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>"ਸਹਿ ਧੁਨੀ" </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%A7%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A8" title="ਧੁਨੀ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ">ਧੁਨੀ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ</a> ਵਿੱਚ ਜਦੋਂ ਇੱਕੋ ⁶i99<a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%A7%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%AE" title="ਧੁਨੀਮ">ਧੁਨੀਮ</a> ਦਾ ਹੋਰ ਅਲੱਗ ਅਲੱਗ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਉਚਾਰਣ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ ਤਾਂ ਉਸਨੂੰ ਸਹਿ ਧੁਨੀਆਂ ਕਿਹਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਉਦਾਹਰਣ ਦੇ ਤੌਰ ਤੇ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%80" class="mw-redirect" title="ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ">ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ</a> ਦੇ ਵਾਕ [pin] ਵਿੱਚ [pʰ] ਅਤੇ [spin] ਵਿੱਚ [p]। ਇਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਇਹ /p/ ਧੁਨੀ ਦੀਆਂ ਦੋ ਸਹਿ ਧੁਨੀਆਂ ਹਨ। ਇਹ ਧੁਨੀਆਂ ਉਚਾਰ ਭੇਦਕ ਹੁੰਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ ਅਤੇ ਇਹੀ ਉਚਾਰ ਭੇਦਕ ਧੁਨੀਆਂ ਹੀ ਸਹਿ ਧੁਨੀਆਂ ਕਹਾਉਂਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ। ਪਰ ਇਹਨਾਂ ਸਹਿ ਧੁਨੀਆਂ ਦਾ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%A7%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%AE" title="ਧੁਨੀਮ">ਧੁਨੀਮ</a> (phoneme) ਇੱਕੋ ਹੀ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ। ਜਦ ਇਸ ਦੇ ੳਚਾਰ ਦਾ ਅੰਤਰ ਅਰਥ ਵਿੱਚ ਵੀ ਅੰਤਰ ਲਿਆਉਣ ਲੱਗੇ ਤਾਂ ਇੱਕ ਨਵਾਂ ਧੁਨੀਮ ਬਣ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਉਚਾਰਣਿਕ ਸਾਂਝ ਵਾਲੇ ਧੁਨੀਮ ਜੋ ਇੱਕ ਦੂਜੇ ਨਾਲ ਸਥਾਨ ਬਦਲੀ ਕਰ ਸਕਦੇ ਹਨ ਉਹਨਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਸੁਤੰਤਰ ਬਦਲੀ (free variation) ਵਾਲੇ ਧੁਨੀਮ ਕਿਹਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਸਥਾਨ ਬਦਲੀ ਨਹੀਂ ਕਰ ਸਕਦੇ, ਉਹ ਪੂਰਕ ਵੰਡ (complementary distribution) ਵਿੱਚ ਕਹੇ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ। ਪਰ ਦੋਹਾਂ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਧੁਨੀਆਂ ਅਰਥ ਵਿੱਚ ਫ਼ਰਕ ਨਹੀਂ ਲਿਆ ਸਕਦੀਆਂ। ਉਦਾਹਰਣ ਤੌਰ ਤੇ: ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ ਸ਼ਬਦ ਦੇ ਸ਼ੁਰੂ ਵਿੱਚ ਆਉਣ ਵਾਲੇ /p/ ਧੁਨੀ ਦਾ ਉਚਾਰਣ /ph/ ਵਰਗਾ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ। ਬਾਕੀ ਸਥਿਤੀਆਂ ਮੱਧ ਅਤੇ ਅਖੀਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਇਹ /p/ ਜਿਹਾ ਹੀ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ ਭਾਵ ਸ਼ਬਦ ਦੀ ਸ਼ੁਰੂ ਦੀ ਸਥਿਤੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਇਹ ਮਹਾਂਪ੍ਰਣ (aspirated) ਹੁੰਦੇ ਹਨ ਅਤੇ ਬਾਕੀ ਸਾਰੀਆਂ ਸਥਿਤੀਆਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਅਲਪਪ੍ਰਾਣ (unaspirated) ਸਥਿਤੀ ਭੇਦ ਦੇ ਕਾਰਣ ਉਚਾਰਣ ਵਿੱਚ ਅਤੰਰ ਪੈਦਾ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ। ਉਹ ਅਰਥ ਭੇਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਲਿਆਉਂਦਾ। ਇਸ ਲਈ /p/ ਧੁਨੀ ਦੇ ਸਾਰੇ ਉਚਾਰਨਿਕ ਰੂਪ ‘[ ]‘ ਵਿੱਚ ਲਿਖਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਨਿਖੇੜੂ /p/ ਧੁਨੀ ਵਿਓਂਤ ਦੇ ਪ੍ਰਸੰਗ ਵਿੱਚ ‘/ /’ ਲਾਇਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਲਿਖਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। </p><p>ਵੱਖ - ਵੱਖ ਵਿਦਵਾਨਾਂ ਨੇ ਇਸ ਬਾਰੇ ਆਪਣੇ - ਆਪਣੇ ਵਿਚਾਰ ਪੇਸ਼ ਕੀਤੇ ਹਨ। </p><p>"Hockett" ਦੇ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ “ਇਕ ਧੁਨੀ ਦੀਆਂ ਜੋ ਵੱਖ – ਵੱਖ ਕਿਸਮਾਂ ਸੁਣੀਆਂ ਜਾਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ ਉਹ ਸਹਿ ਧੁਨੀਆਂ (allophone) ਹਨ। ਅਤੇ ਉਹ ਇਕੋ ਧੁਨੀਮ (phoneme) ਨੂੰ ਪੇਸ਼ ਕਰਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ।“ </p><p>“Gleason” ਦੇ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ “ਉਹ ਧੁਨੀ ਜਾ ਧੁਨੀ ਸ਼ੇਣ੍ਰੀ ਜੋ ਪੂਰਕ ਵੰਡ ਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਇੱਕ phoneme ਨਾਲ ਸੰਬਧਿਤ ਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ। allophone ਅਖਵਾਉਦੀਂ ਹੈ। "J.D Collor" ਅਨੁਸਾਰ ‘“ਸਹਿ ਧੁਨੀਆਂ ਉਹ ਧੁਨੀਆਂ ਹਨ ਜੋ ਕਦੇ ਵੀ ਇੱਕ ਹੀ ਸਥਾਨ ਤੇ ਨਹੀਂ ਉਚਾਰੀਆਂ ਜਾਂਦੀਆਂ, ਹਮੇਸ਼ਾ ਪੂਰਕ ਵੰਡ (complimentary distribution) ਵਿੱਚ ਹੁੰਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ। ਅੰਗਰੇਜੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾਂ ਦੇ ਪ੍ਰੰਸ਼ਗ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਹਿ ਧੁਨੀਆਂ ਦੀ ਹੋਦਂ ਸਮਝਾਉਣ ਬਾਰੇ ਉਸਦਾ ਕਹਿਣਾ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਅੰਗਰੇਜੀ ਸ਼ਬਦ ‘clearly’ ਵਿੱਚ ਦੋ /L/ ਧੁਨੀਆਂ ਉਚਾਰੀਆਂ ਜਾਂਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ। ਪਰ ਦੋਹਾਂ ਦੇ ਉਚਾਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਫਰਕ ਹੈ। ਪਹਿਲੀ /L/ ਧੁਨੀਵਿੱਚ ਨਾਦ ਤੰਤੀਆਂ (vocal cords) ਦੀ ਕੰਬਣੀ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ ਸਿਰਫ ਰਗੜ ਹੈ। ਜਦੋਂ ਕਿ ਦੂਜੀ ਧੁਨੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਰਗੜ(friction) ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ ਸਿਰਫ ਨਾਦ (voiced) ਹੈ। ਸਥਾਨਕ ਬੁਲਾਰਾ (native speaker) ਇਸਨੂੰ ਬਿਨ੍ਹਾ ਸੋਚੇ ਸਮਝੇ ਉਚਾਰਦੇ ਹਨ। ਜਦੋਂ ਸਾਜਾਂ (instruments) ਦੁਆਰਾ ਉਹਨਾਂ ਨੂੰ /L/ ਧੁਨੀ ਦੇ ਦੋ ਉਚਾਰਣਿਕ ਪੱਖਾਂ ਬਾਰੇ ਦੱਸਦੇ ਹਾਂ ਤਾਂ ਉਹ ਹੈਰਾਨ ਹੁੰਦੇ ਹਨ। ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ ਸ਼ਬਦ heart, hat. Hunt, heat, ਵਿੱਚ /h/ ਧੁਨੀ ਵੱਖੋ ਵੱਖਰੀ ਹੈ। ਇਸ ਵੱਖਰੇਵੇਂ ਕਾਰਨ /h/ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਆਉਣ ਵਾਲੇ ਸ੍ਵਰ (vowels a, e, u, ea) ਹਨ, ਪਰ ਇਹ ਸਾਰੇ ਇੱਕੋ ਧੁਨੀਮ (phoneme) ਦੀ ਪ੍ਰਤੀਨਿਧਤਾ ਕਰਦੇ ਹਨ ਪਰ ਇੱਕੋ ਚਿੰਨ੍ਹ ਨਾਲ ਲਿਖੇ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ। ਇਸ ਲਈ ਇਹ /h/ ਦੀਆਂ ਸਹਿ ਧੁਨੀਆਂ ਹਨ। ਧੁਨੀਮ ਉਸ ਦੀਆਂ ਸਹਿ ਧੁਨੀਆਂ ਕਦੀ ਵੀ ਇੱਕ ਦੂਜੇ ਦਾ ਵਿਰੋਧ ਨਹੀਂ ਕਰਦੇ ਭਾਵ ਅਰਥਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਅੰਤਰ ਨਹੀਂ ਲਿਆਉਂਦੇ। ਇਸ ਲਈ ਕਿਹਾ ਜਾ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਸਹਿ ਧੁਨੀਆਂ ਪੂਰਕ ਵੰਡ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਥਿਤ ਰਹਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ ਭਾਵ ਇੱਕੋ ਵਾਤਾਵਰਣ ਵਿੱਚ ਵਰਤੇ ਨਹੀਂ ਜਾਂਦੇ। ਇਸ ਤੋਂ ਉਲਟ ਕਈ ਅਜਿਹੇ ਉਦਾਹਰਣ ਵੀ ਹਨ ਜਿੱਥੇ ਸਹਿ ਧੁਨੀਆਂ ਇੱਕ ਦੁਜੇ ਦੀ ਥਾਂ ਆ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ। ਪਰ ਉਹ ਨਿਖੇੜੂ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੁੰਦੇ। ਇਸ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਸਹਿ ਧੁਨੀਆਂ ਸੁੰਤਤਰ ਬਦਲੀ ਦੇ ਰੂਪ ਵਿੱਚ ਹੁੰਦੇ ਹਨ ਜੇਂ ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਵਿੱਚ ‘ਗਮ’ ਅਤੇ ‘ਗ਼ਮ’ ਵਿੱਚ /ਗ/ ਅਤੇ /ਗ਼/ ਦੋਵੇਂ ਸੁੰਤਤਰ ਬਦਲੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਹਨ ਕਿਉਂਕਿ /ਗ/ ਸਹਿ ਧੁਨੀ ਅਤੇ /ਗ਼/ ਸਹਿ ਧੁਨੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਅਰਥ ਭੇਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਮਿਲਦਾ। </p><p>"David crystal" ਨੇ ਸਹਿ ਧੁਨੀਆਂ ਦੀ ਵਿਓਂਤਪਤੀ (derivation) ਦਾ ਉਲੇਖ ਕੀਤਾ ਹੈ। ਉਸ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ ਸਹਿ ਧੁਨੀਆਂ ਇੱਕ ਅੰਸ਼ ਹੈ ਜੋ ਇੱਕ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਨਾਲ ਅਗੇਤਰ (prefix) ਹੈ ਇਹ ਭਾਸ਼ਿਕ ਇਕਾਈਆਂ ਦੇ ਸੰਕਲਪੀ (concept) ਸ਼ਬਦਾਂ ਦੇ ਸ਼ਰਰੂ ਵਿੱਚ ਜੋੜ ਦਿੱਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਜਿਵੇਂ ਧੁਨੀ (phone) ਅਤੇ ਰੂਪੀਮ (morph) ਨਾਲ। ਇਸ ਜੋੜ ਤੋਂ ਸਹਿ ਧੁਨੀਆਂ ਤੇ ਸਹਿ ਰੂਪੀਮ (allomorph) ਬਣਦੇ ਹਨ। ਜੋ ਧੁਨੀਮ ਅਤੇ ਸਹਿ ਧੁਨੀ ਦੇ ਦਰਮਿਆਨ ਜੋ ਰਿਸ਼ਤਾ ਹੈ ਉਹ realization ਦਾ ਰਿਸ਼ਤਾ ਹੈ। ਕਿਉਂਕਿ ਧੁਨੀਮ ਇਸ ਦੀ ਸਹਿ ਧੁਨੀ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਹੀ ਸਪਸ਼ਟ (Realize) ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ। </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ਹਵਾਲਾ"><span id=".E0.A8.B9.E0.A8.B5.E0.A8.BE.E0.A8.B2.E0.A8.BE"></span>ਹਵਾਲਾ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BF_%E0%A8%A7%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80&action=edit&section=1" title="ਭਾਗ ਸੋਧ: ਹਵਾਲਾ"><span>ਸੋਧੋ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ਧਾਲੀਵਾਲ, ਪ੍ਰੇਮ ਪ੍ਰਕਾਸ਼: (2002) “ਸਿਧਾਂਤਕ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ” ਮਦਾਨ ਪਬਲੀਕੇਸ਼ਨਜ਼ </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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