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href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gon%C3%A7alves_de_Magalh%C3%A3es,_Is-iarll_Araguaia" title="Gonçalves de Magalhães, Is-iarll Araguaia – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gonçalves de Magalhães, Is-iarll Araguaia" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domingos_Jos%C3%A9_Gon%C3%A7alves_de_Magalh%C3%A3es" title="Domingos José Gonçalves de Magalhães – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Domingos José Gonçalves de Magalhães" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gon%C3%A7alves_de_Magalh%C3%A3es" title="Gonçalves de Magalhães – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Gonçalves de Magalhães" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domingos_Jos%C3%A9_Gon%C3%A7alves_de_Magalh%C3%A3es" title="Domingos José Gonçalves de Magalhães – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Domingos José Gonçalves de Magalhães" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gon%C3%A7alves_de_Magalh%C3%A3es" title="Gonçalves de Magalhães – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gonçalves de Magalhães" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domingos_Jos%C3%A9_Gon%C3%A7alves_de_Magalh%C3%A3es" title="Domingos José Gonçalves de Magalhães – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Domingos José Gonçalves de Magalhães" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gon%C3%A7alves_de_Magalh%C3%A3es" title="Gonçalves de Magalhães – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Gonçalves de Magalhães" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gon%C3%A7alves_de_Magalh%C3%A3es" title="Gonçalves de Magalhães – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Gonçalves de Magalhães" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81,_%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="Гонсалвис ди Магальяинс, Домингус Жозе – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гонсалвис ди Магальяинс, Домингус Жозе" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2532628#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> 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padding-right:0.65em;">Born</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">Domingos José Gonçalves de Magalhães<br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1811-08-13</span>)</span>August 13, 1811<br /><a href="/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro" title="Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colonial_Brazil" title="Colonial Brazil">Colonial Brazil</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Died</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">July 10, 1882<span style="display:none">(1882-07-10)</span> (aged 70)<br /><a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Kingdom of Italy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role" style="line-height:1.4em;">Poet, playwright, <a href="/wiki/Physician" title="Physician">medician</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diplomat" title="Diplomat">diplomat</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Period</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">1836–1880</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Literary movement</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Romanticism" title="Romanticism">Romanticism</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Notable works</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><i><a href="/wiki/A_Confedera%C3%A7%C3%A3o_dos_Tamoios" class="mw-redirect" title="A Confederação dos Tamoios">A Confederação dos Tamoios</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suspiros_Po%C3%A9ticos_e_Saudades&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suspiros Poéticos e Saudades (page does not exist)">Suspiros Poéticos e Saudades</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Jos%C3%A9,_ou_O_Poeta_e_a_Inquisi%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="António José, ou O Poeta e a Inquisição">António José, ou O Poeta e a Inquisição</a></i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Children</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">Antônio José Gonçalves de Magalhães de Araguaia</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Domingos José Gonçalves de Magalhães, Viscount of Araguaia</b> (August 13, 1811 – July 10, 1882), was a Brazilian poet, playwright, physician and diplomat. He is considered the founder of <a href="/wiki/Romanticism" title="Romanticism">Romanticism</a> in <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_literature" title="Brazilian literature">Brazilian literature</a>, and was a pioneer of Brazilian theatre.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He is the patron of the 9th chair of the <a href="/wiki/Academia_Brasileira_de_Letras" title="Academia Brasileira de Letras">Brazilian Academy of Letters</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gon%C3%A7alves_de_Magalh%C3%A3es,_Viscount_of_Araguaia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Three_brazilian_writers_1858.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Three_brazilian_writers_1858.jpg/200px-Three_brazilian_writers_1858.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="303" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Three_brazilian_writers_1858.jpg/300px-Three_brazilian_writers_1858.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Three_brazilian_writers_1858.jpg/400px-Three_brazilian_writers_1858.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1104" data-file-height="1670" /></a><figcaption>From left to right: <a href="/wiki/Gon%C3%A7alves_Dias" title="Gonçalves Dias">Gonçalves Dias</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manuel_de_Ara%C3%BAjo_Porto-Alegre,_Baron_of_Santo_%C3%82ngelo" title="Manuel de Araújo Porto-Alegre, Baron of Santo Ângelo">Manuel de Araújo Porto-Alegre</a> and Magalhães, on a picture dating from <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1858</span></figcaption></figure> <p>Domingos José Gonçalves de Magalhães was born in <a href="/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro" title="Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</a>, to Pedro Gonçalves de Magalhães Chaves. His mother's name is unknown. He entered in a Medicine course in 1828, graduating in 1832. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gon%C3%A7alves_de_Magalh%C3%A3es,_Viscount_of_Araguaia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the following year, he travelled to Europe, where he met and befriended <a href="/wiki/Manuel_de_Ara%C3%BAjo_Porto-Alegre,_Baron_of_Santo_%C3%82ngelo" title="Manuel de Araújo Porto-Alegre, Baron of Santo Ângelo">Manuel de Araújo Porto-Alegre</a> and was exposed to the <a href="/wiki/Romanticism" title="Romanticism">Romantic</a> ideals. He wrote in 1836 a Romantic manifesto, <i>Discurso Sobre a História da Literatura no Brasil</i>, and, in the same year, he published the poetry book <i>Suspiros Poéticos e Saudades</i>, the first Romantic work to be written by a Brazilian. </p><p>Returning to Brazil in 1837, he wrote two tragic plays: <i><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Jos%C3%A9,_ou_O_Poeta_e_a_Inquisi%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="António José, ou O Poeta e a Inquisição">António José, ou O Poeta e a Inquisição</a></i> in 1838 and <i>Olgiato</i> in 1839. In 1838 he became a Philosophy teacher in the <a href="/wiki/Col%C3%A9gio_Pedro_II_(Rio_de_Janeiro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Colégio Pedro II (Rio de Janeiro)">Colégio Pedro II</a>. He founded with Porto-Alegre and <a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Sales_Torres_Homem,_Viscount_of_Inhomirim" title="Francisco de Sales Torres Homem, Viscount of Inhomirim">Francisco de Sales Torres Homem</a> the short-lived magazine <i><a href="/wiki/Niter%C3%B3i_(magazine)" title="Niterói (magazine)">Niterói</a></i>; only two issues were published. </p><p>He began a diplomatic career in 1847, serving as minister in the United States, Argentina, <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> and in the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a>. He was a <i><a href="/wiki/Charg%C3%A9_d%27affaires" title="Chargé d'affaires">chargé d'affaires</a></i> in the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Two_Sicilies" title="Kingdom of the Two Sicilies">Kingdom of the Two Sicilies</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Piedmont" title="Piedmont">Piedmont</a>, Russia, and Spain. He was esteemed by <a href="/wiki/Pedro_II_of_Brazil" title="Pedro II of Brazil">Emperor Pedro II</a>, and was decorated with the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Rose" title="Order of the Rose">Order of the Rose</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Christ_(Brazil)" title="Order of Christ (Brazil)">Order of Christ</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Southern_Cross" title="Order of the Southern Cross">Order of the Southern Cross</a>, and with the title of <a href="/wiki/Baron" title="Baron">Baron</a> of <a href="/wiki/Araguaia_River" title="Araguaia River">Araguaia</a> in 1872, and was elevated to <a href="/wiki/Viscount" title="Viscount">Viscount</a> two years later. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gon%C3%A7alves_de_Magalh%C3%A3es,_Viscount_of_Araguaia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Magalhães married Januaria de Sa Pinto Ribeiro. They had a daughter Januaria, born in Rio de Janeiro on 2 August 1855, who married at Paris on 12.12.1883 Bozon Doublet Marquess of Persan and Bandeville, and died in Versailles (France) on 27 April 1928. Their son Antônio José Gonçalves de Magalhães de Araguaia was proclaimed <a href="/wiki/Count" title="Count">Count</a> of Araguaia by the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a>. Antonio José Maria, known in France as Amédée Joseph Marie, was part of the Brazilian diplomatic delegation in Paris. He was born on 21 January 1859 and died in Paris on 29 October 1917. </p><p>He married Marie Eugénie Cornelio Dos Santos, daughter of Jean and Cecilia Souza Breves. She was born in Petropolis on 27 November 1870 and died in Paris on 2 October 1936. They had 4 children. Marie known as Olga was born in Paris on 3 October 1889, and died in Paris on 26 August 1960. She married Georges de Marande. Edmond Amédée was born in Paris on 29 November 1890 and died in Paris on 22 February 1892. Armand Marie Joseph died in Ouchy on 14 May 1910 at 15 years old. Odette was born in Paris on 27 February 1902 and died in Rouen 15 July 1990. His only descendants are on the Persan side. </p><p>Gonçalves de Magalhães died in Rome, on July 10, 1882. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gon%C3%A7alves_de_Magalh%C3%A3es,_Viscount_of_Araguaia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Discurso Sobre a História da Literatura no Brasil</i> (1836)</li> <li><i>Suspiros Poéticos e Saudades</i> (1836)</li> <li><i>António José, ou O Poeta e a Inquisição</i> (1838)</li> <li><i>Olgiato</i> (1839)</li> <li><i>A Confederação dos Tamoios</i> (1856)</li> <li><i>Os Mistérios</i> (1857)</li> <li><i>Urânia</i> (1862)</li> <li><i>Cânticos Fúnebres</i> (1864)</li> <li><i>Fatos do Espírito Humano</i> (1865)</li> <li><i>A Alma e o Cérebro</i> (1876)</li> <li><i>Comentários e Pensamentos</i> (1880)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gon%C3%A7alves_de_Magalh%C3%A3es,_Viscount_of_Araguaia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">COSTESKI, Evanildo. Ideias para uma epistemologia da Filosofia Brasileira1. Filosofia do Brasil, p. 148.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">MARGUTTI, Paulo. História da filosofia do Brasil. A ruptura iluminista (1808-1843). São Paulo: Loyola, 2020, 712 p."</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gon%C3%A7alves_de_Magalh%C3%A3es,_Viscount_of_Araguaia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output 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ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Portuguese <a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original text related to this article: <div lang="pt" style="margin-left: 10px;"><b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/pt:Autor:Gon%C3%A7alves_de_Magalh%C3%A3es" class="extiw" title="s:pt:Autor:Gonçalves de Magalhães">Gonçalves de Magalhães (original works in Portuguese)</a></b> </div></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.academia.org.br/abl/cgi/cgilua.exe/sys/start.htm?sid=140">Magalhães' biography at the official site of the Brazilian Academy of Letters</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Portuguese)</span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">New creation</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Baron of Araguaia </b><br />1872 — 1874 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">None (title abolished)</div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">New creation</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Viscount of Araguaia </b><br />1874 — 1882 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">None</div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">New creation</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Olivenkranz.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Olivenkranz.png/20px-Olivenkranz.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Olivenkranz.png/30px-Olivenkranz.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Olivenkranz.png/40px-Olivenkranz.png 2x" data-file-width="465" data-file-height="427" /></a></span><br /> <a href="/wiki/Academia_Brasileira_de_Letras" title="Academia Brasileira de Letras">Brazilian Academy of Letters</a> - <a href="/wiki/Academia_Brasileira_de_Letras#Original_patrons" title="Academia Brasileira de Letras">Patron of the 9th chair</a> </b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Magalh%C3%A3es_de_Azeredo" title="Carlos Magalhães de Azeredo">Carlos Magalhães de Azeredo</a> (founder)</div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/Template:Romanticism" title="Template:Romanticism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Romanticism" title="Template talk:Romanticism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Romanticism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Romanticism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Romanticism" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Romanticism" title="Romanticism">Romanticism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Countries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Danish_Golden_Age" title="Danish Golden Age">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_literature_in_English" title="Romantic literature in English">England (literature)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_France" title="Romanticism in France">France</a> <a href="/wiki/19th-century_French_literature#Romanticism" title="19th-century French literature">(literature)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Romanticism" title="German Romanticism">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taish%C5%8D_Roman" title="Taishō Roman">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_romantic_nationalism" title="Norwegian romantic nationalism">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_Poland" title="Romanticism in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Age_of_Russian_Poetry" title="Golden Age of Russian Poetry">Russia (literature)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_Scotland" title="Romanticism in Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_Spanish_literature" title="Romanticism in Spanish literature">Spain (literature)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Romantic_literature" title="Swedish Romantic literature">Sweden (literature)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Movements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancients_(art_group)" title="Ancients (art group)">Ancients</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohemianism" title="Bohemianism">Bohemianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coppet_group" title="Coppet group">Coppet group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counter-Enlightenment" title="Counter-Enlightenment">Counter-Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_Romanticism" title="Dark Romanticism">Dark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCsseldorf_School_of_painting" title="Düsseldorf School of painting">Düsseldorf School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_historical_school" title="German historical school">German historical school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_Revival_architecture" title="Gothic Revival architecture">Gothic revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_River_School" title="Hudson River School">Hudson River School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indianism_(arts)" title="Indianism (arts)">Indianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jena_Romanticism" title="Jena Romanticism">Jena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Poets" title="Lake Poets">Lake Poets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_nationalism" title="Romantic nationalism">Nationalist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazarene_movement" title="Nazarene movement">Nazarene movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-romanticism" title="Neo-romanticism">Neo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preromanticism" class="mw-redirect" title="Preromanticism">Pre</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Sturm_und_Drang" title="Sturm und Drang">Sturm und Drang</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-romanticism" title="Post-romanticism">Post</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Purismo" title="Purismo">Purismo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transcendentalism" title="Transcendentalism">Transcendentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_school" title="Ukrainian school">Ukrainian school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra-Romanticism" title="Ultra-Romanticism">Ultra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Wallenrod" title="Konrad Wallenrod">Wallenrodism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Themes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_flower" title="Blue flower">Blue flower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Marine_Art_(Romantic_Era)" title="British Marine Art (Romantic Era)">British Marine</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gesamtkunstwerk" title="Gesamtkunstwerk">Gesamtkunstwerk</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_fiction" title="Gothic fiction">Gothic fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hero" title="Hero">Hero</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Byronic_hero" title="Byronic hero">Byronic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_hero" title="Romantic hero">Romantic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_fiction" title="Historical fiction">Historical fiction</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mal_du_si%C3%A8cle" title="Mal du siècle">Mal du siècle</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medievalism" title="Medievalism">Medievalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noble_savage" class="mw-redirect" title="Noble savage">Noble savage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nostalgia#Romanticism" title="Nostalgia">Nostalgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossian" title="Ossian">Ossian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantheism" title="Pantheism">Pantheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhine_romanticism" title="Rhine romanticism">Rhine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genius_(literature)#Romanticism_and_genius" title="Genius (literature)">Romantic genius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanderlust" title="Wanderlust">Wanderlust</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Weltschmerz" title="Weltschmerz">Weltschmerz</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Mountain_art" title="White Mountain art">White Mountain art</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Romanticism#Literature" title="Romanticism">Writers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Brazil</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Casimiro_de_Abreu" title="Casimiro de Abreu">Abreu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_Alencar" title="José de Alencar">Alencar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Ant%C3%B4nio_de_Almeida" title="Manuel Antônio de Almeida">Manuel Antônio de Almeida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castro_Alves" title="Castro Alves">Alves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machado_de_Assis" title="Machado de Assis">Assis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvares_de_Azevedo" title="Álvares de Azevedo">Azevedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobias_Barreto" title="Tobias Barreto">Barreto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gon%C3%A7alves_Dias" title="Gonçalves Dias">Dias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Guimar%C3%A3es" title="Bernardo Guimarães">Guimarães</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joaquim_Manuel_de_Macedo" title="Joaquim Manuel de Macedo">Macedo</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Magalhães</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Firmina_dos_Reis" title="Maria Firmina dos Reis">Reis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfredo_d%27Escragnolle_Taunay,_Viscount_of_Taunay" title="Alfredo d'Escragnolle Taunay, Viscount of Taunay">Taunay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fagundes_Varela" title="Fagundes Varela">Varela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_France#Literature" title="Romanticism in France">France</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Baudelaire" title="Charles Baudelaire">Baudelaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aloysius_Bertrand" title="Aloysius Bertrand">Bertrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Ren%C3%A9_de_Chateaubriand" title="François-René de Chateaubriand">Chateaubriand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Dumas" title="Alexandre Dumas">Dumas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9ophile_Gautier" title="Théophile Gautier">Gautier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Hugo" title="Victor Hugo">Hugo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphonse_de_Lamartine" title="Alphonse de Lamartine">Lamartine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosper_M%C3%A9rim%C3%A9e" title="Prosper Mérimée">Mérimée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_de_Musset" title="Alfred de Musset">Musset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_de_Nerval" title="Gérard de Nerval">Nerval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Nodier" title="Charles Nodier">Nodier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germaine_de_Sta%C3%ABl" title="Germaine de Staël">Staël</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_de_Vigny" title="Alfred de Vigny">Vigny</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Germany</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achim_von_Arnim" title="Achim von Arnim">A. v. Arnim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bettina_von_Arnim" title="Bettina von Arnim">B. v. Arnim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Beer_(poet)" title="Michael Beer (poet)">Beer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clemens_Brentano" title="Clemens Brentano">Brentano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Freiherr_von_Eichendorff" title="Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff">Eichendorff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_de_la_Motte_Fouqu%C3%A9" title="Friedrich de la Motte Fouqué">Fouqué</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe" title="Johann Wolfgang von Goethe">Goethe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brothers_Grimm" title="Brothers Grimm">Brothers Grimm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karoline_von_G%C3%BCnderrode" title="Karoline von Günderrode">Günderrode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Gutzkow" title="Karl Gutzkow">Gutzkow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Hauff" title="Wilhelm Hauff">Hauff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Heine" title="Heinrich Heine">Heine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._T._A._Hoffmann" title="E. T. A. Hoffmann">Hoffmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_H%C3%B6lderlin" title="Friedrich Hölderlin">Hölderlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Paul" title="Jean Paul">Jean Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_von_Kleist" title="Heinrich von Kleist">Kleist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_M%C3%B6rike" title="Eduard Mörike">Mörike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novalis" title="Novalis">Novalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Schwab" title="Gustav Schwab">Schwab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Tieck" title="Ludwig Tieck">Tieck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Uhland" title="Ludwig Uhland">Uhland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Romantic_literature_in_English" title="Romantic literature in English">Great<br />Britain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Laetitia_Barbauld" title="Anna Laetitia Barbauld">Barbauld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Blake" title="William Blake">Blake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Bront%C3%AB" title="Anne Brontë">Anne Brontë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Bront%C3%AB" title="Charlotte Brontë">C. Brontë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Bront%C3%AB" title="Emily Brontë">E. Brontë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Burns" title="Robert Burns">Burns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Byron" title="Lord Byron">Byron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Carlyle" title="Thomas Carlyle">Carlyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Clare" title="John Clare">Clare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Taylor_Coleridge" title="Samuel Taylor Coleridge">Coleridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_De_Quincey" title="Thomas De Quincey">de Quincey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Edgeworth" title="Maria Edgeworth">Maria Edgeworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Keats" title="John Keats">Keats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Maturin" title="Charles Maturin">Maturin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_William_Polidori" title="John William Polidori">Polidori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Radcliffe" title="Ann Radcliffe">Radcliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Robinson_(poet)" title="Mary Robinson (poet)">Mary Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Scott" title="Walter Scott">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Seward" title="Anna Seward">Seward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Shelley" title="Mary Shelley">M. Shelley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Percy_Bysshe_Shelley" title="Percy Bysshe Shelley">P. B. Shelley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Southey" title="Robert Southey">Southey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wordsworth" title="William Wordsworth">Wordsworth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_Poland#Notable_Polish_Romantic_writers_and_poets" title="Romanticism in Poland">Poland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aleksander_Fredro" title="Aleksander Fredro">Fredro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zygmunt_Krasi%C5%84ski" title="Zygmunt Krasiński">Krasiński</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3zef_Ignacy_Kraszewski" title="Józef Ignacy Kraszewski">Józef Ignacy Kraszewski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoni_Malczewski" title="Antoni Malczewski">Malczewski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Mickiewicz" title="Adam Mickiewicz">Mickiewicz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprian_Norwid" title="Cyprian Norwid">Norwid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Potocki" title="Jan Potocki">Potocki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wincenty_Pol" title="Wincenty Pol">Wincenty Pol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juliusz_S%C5%82owacki" title="Juliusz Słowacki">Słowacki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Portugal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camilo_Castelo_Branco" title="Camilo Castelo Branco">Castelo Branco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Feliciano_de_Castilho" title="António Feliciano de Castilho">Castilho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_de_Deus_de_Nogueira_Ramos" title="João de Deus de Nogueira Ramos">João de Deus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BAlio_Dinis" title="Júlio Dinis">Dinis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Almeida_Garrett" title="Almeida Garrett">Garrett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Herculano" title="Alexandre Herculano">Herculano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Augusto_Soares_de_Passos" title="António Augusto Soares de Passos">Soares dos Passos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Russia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yevgeny_Baratynsky" title="Yevgeny Baratynsky">Baratynsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Batyushkov" title="Konstantin Batyushkov">Batyushkov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Gogol" title="Nikolai Gogol">Gogol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Karamzin" title="Nikolay Karamzin">Karamzin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_K%C3%BCchelbecker" title="Wilhelm Küchelbecker">Küchelbecker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Lermontov" title="Mikhail Lermontov">Lermontov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Pushkin" title="Alexander Pushkin">Pushkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fyodor_Tyutchev" title="Fyodor Tyutchev">Tyutchev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Vyazemsky" title="Pyotr Vyazemsky">Vyazemsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasily_Zhukovsky" title="Vasily Zhukovsky">Zhukovsky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Serbia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%90ura_Jak%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Đura Jakšić">Jakšić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laza_Kosti%C4%87" title="Laza Kostić">Kostić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petar_II_Petrovi%C4%87-Njego%C5%A1" title="Petar II Petrović-Njegoš">Njegoš</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Branko_Radi%C4%8Devi%C4%87" title="Branko Radičević">Radičević</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milica_Stojadinovi%C4%87-Srpkinja" title="Milica Stojadinović-Srpkinja">Stojadinović-Srpkinja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jovan_Jovanovi%C4%87_Zmaj" title="Jovan Jovanović Zmaj">Zmaj</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Adolfo_B%C3%A9cquer" title="Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer">Bécquer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosal%C3%ADa_de_Castro" title="Rosalía de Castro">Rosalía de Castro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_Espronceda" title="José de Espronceda">Espronceda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Garc%C3%ADa_Guti%C3%A9rrez" title="Antonio García Gutiérrez">Gutiérrez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81ngel_de_Saavedra,_3rd_Duke_of_Rivas" title="Ángel de Saavedra, 3rd Duke of Rivas">Saavedra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Zorrilla" title="José Zorrilla">Zorrilla</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">U.S.</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Cullen_Bryant" title="William Cullen Bryant">Bryant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Fenimore_Cooper" title="James Fenimore Cooper">Cooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Waldo_Emerson" title="Ralph Waldo Emerson">Emerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Hawthorne" title="Nathaniel Hawthorne">Hawthorne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josiah_Gilbert_Holland" title="Josiah Gilbert Holland">Josiah Gilbert Holland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Irving" title="Washington Irving">Irving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Wadsworth_Longfellow" title="Henry Wadsworth Longfellow">Longfellow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Russell_Lowell" title="James Russell Lowell">Lowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Allan_Poe" title="Edgar Allan Poe">Poe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khachatur_Abovian" title="Khachatur Abovian">Abovian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vittorio_Alfieri" title="Vittorio Alfieri">Alfieri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Christian_Andersen" title="Hans Christian Andersen">Andersen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikoloz_Baratashvili" title="Nikoloz Baratashvili">Baratashvili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hristo_Botev" title="Hristo Botev">Botev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Chavchavadze" title="Alexander Chavchavadze">Chavchavadze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mihai_Eminescu" title="Mihai Eminescu">Eminescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugo_Foscolo" title="Ugo Foscolo">Foscolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naim_Frash%C3%ABri" title="Naim Frashëri">Frashëri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erik_Gustaf_Geijer" title="Erik Gustaf Geijer">Geijer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N._F._S._Grundtvig" title="N. F. S. Grundtvig">Grundtvig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_Heliade_R%C4%83dulescu" title="Ion Heliade Rădulescu">Heliade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Isaacs" title="Jorge Isaacs">Isaacs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolaus_Lenau" title="Nikolaus Lenau">Lenau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Leopardi" title="Giacomo Leopardi">Leopardi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karel_Hynek_M%C3%A1cha" title="Karel Hynek Mácha">Mácha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Manzoni" title="Alessandro Manzoni">Manzoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Maturin" title="Charles Maturin">Maturin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Oehlenschl%C3%A4ger" title="Adam Oehlenschläger">Oehlenschläger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grigol_Orbeliani" title="Grigol Orbeliani">Orbeliani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France_Pre%C5%A1eren" title="France Prešeren">Prešeren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raffi_(novelist)" title="Raffi (novelist)">Raffi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johan_Ludvig_Runeberg" title="Johan Ludvig Runeberg">Runeberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taras_Shevchenko" title="Taras Shevchenko">Shevchenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zachris_Topelius" title="Zachris Topelius">Topelius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mih%C3%A1ly_V%C3%B6r%C3%B6smarty" title="Mihály Vörösmarty">Vörösmarty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrik_Wergeland" title="Henrik Wergeland">Wergeland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Romantic_music" title="Romantic music">Musicians</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Austria</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Bruckner" title="Anton Bruckner">Bruckner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Czerny" title="Carl Czerny">Czerny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Nepomuk_Hummel" title="Johann Nepomuk Hummel">Hummel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Mahler" title="Gustav Mahler">Mahler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Schubert" title="Franz Schubert">Schubert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigismond_Thalberg" title="Sigismond Thalberg">Thalberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Wolf" title="Hugo Wolf">Wolf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Czechia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák">Dvořák</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignaz_Moscheles" title="Ignaz Moscheles">Moscheles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Reicha" title="Anton Reicha">Reicha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bed%C5%99ich_Smetana" title="Bedřich Smetana">Smetana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_V%C3%A1clav_Vo%C5%99%C3%AD%C5%A1ek" title="Jan Václav Voříšek">Voříšek</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">France</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adolphe_Adam" title="Adolphe Adam">Adam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles-Valentin_Alkan" title="Charles-Valentin Alkan">Alkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Auber" title="Daniel Auber">Auber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hector_Berlioz" title="Hector Berlioz">Berlioz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Faur%C3%A9" title="Gabriel Fauré">Fauré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fromental_Hal%C3%A9vy" title="Fromental Halévy">Halévy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_M%C3%A9hul" title="Étienne Méhul">Méhul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Onslow_(composer)" title="George Onslow (composer)">Onslow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camille_Saint-Sa%C3%ABns" title="Camille Saint-Saëns">Saint-Saëns</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Germany</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven">Beethoven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Brahms" title="Johannes Brahms">Brahms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Bruch" title="Max Bruch">Bruch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Kalkbrenner" title="Friedrich Kalkbrenner">Kalkbrenner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Loewe" title="Carl Loewe">Loewe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Marschner" title="Heinrich Marschner">Marschner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanny_Mendelssohn" title="Fanny Mendelssohn">Fanny Mendelssohn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_Mendelssohn" title="Felix Mendelssohn">Felix Mendelssohn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Meyerbeer" title="Giacomo Meyerbeer">Meyerbeer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moritz_Moszkowski" title="Moritz Moszkowski">Moszkowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clara_Schumann" title="Clara Schumann">C. Schumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Schumann" title="Robert Schumann">R. Schumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Spohr" title="Louis Spohr">Spohr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Strauss" title="Richard Strauss">Strauss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Wagner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Maria_von_Weber" title="Carl Maria von Weber">Weber</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hungary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ferenc_Erkel" title="Ferenc Erkel">Erkel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Goldmark" title="Karl Goldmark">Goldmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Heller" title="Stephen Heller">Heller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jen%C5%91_Hubay" title="Jenő Hubay">Hubay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Joachim" title="Joseph Joachim">Joachim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Liszt" title="Franz Liszt">Liszt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Italy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Bellini" title="Vincenzo Bellini">Bellini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferruccio_Busoni" title="Ferruccio Busoni">Busoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Cherubini" title="Luigi Cherubini">Cherubini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaetano_Donizetti" title="Gaetano Donizetti">Donizetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Paganini" title="Niccolò Paganini">Paganini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gioachino_Rossini" title="Gioachino Rossini">Rossini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaspare_Spontini" title="Gaspare Spontini">Spontini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Verdi" title="Giuseppe Verdi">Verdi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Poland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Bortkiewicz" title="Sergei Bortkiewicz">Bortkiewicz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Chopin" title="Frédéric Chopin">Chopin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karol_Lipi%C5%84ski" title="Karol Lipiński">Lipiński</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_Moniuszko" title="Stanisław Moniuszko">Moniuszko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignacy_Jan_Paderewski" title="Ignacy Jan Paderewski">Paderewski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoni_Stolpe" title="Antoni Stolpe">Stolpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Tausig" title="Karl Tausig">Tausig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henryk_Wieniawski" title="Henryk Wieniawski">Wieniawski</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Russia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Arensky" title="Anton Arensky">Arensky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mily_Balakirev" title="Mily Balakirev">Balakirev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Borodin" title="Alexander Borodin">Borodin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Cui" title="César Cui">Cui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Glinka" title="Mikhail Glinka">Glinka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Lyapunov" title="Sergei Lyapunov">Lyapunov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Medtner" title="Nikolai Medtner">Medtner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modest_Mussorgsky" title="Modest Mussorgsky">Mussorgsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Rachmaninoff" title="Sergei Rachmaninoff">Rachmaninoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Rimsky-Korsakov" title="Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov">Rimsky-Korsakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Rubinstein" title="Anton Rubinstein">Rubinstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Scriabin" title="Alexander Scriabin">Scriabin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Ilyich_Tchaikovsky" title="Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky">Tchaikovsky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Serbia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stevan_Hristi%C4%87" title="Stevan Hristić">Hristić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petar_Konjovi%C4%87" title="Petar Konjović">Konjović</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stevan_Mokranjac" title="Stevan Mokranjac">Mokranjac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kornelije_Stankovi%C4%87" title="Kornelije Stanković">Stanković</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Sterndale_Bennett" title="William Sterndale Bennett">Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Berwald" title="Franz Berwald">Berwald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Elgar" title="Edward Elgar">Elgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Field_(composer)" title="John Field (composer)">Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Franck" title="César Franck">Franck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edvard_Grieg" title="Edvard Grieg">Grieg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Sibelius" title="Jean Sibelius">Sibelius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Sor" title="Fernando Sor">Sor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_philosophy" title="Romanticism in philosophy">Philosophers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vissarion_Belinsky" title="Vissarion Belinsky">Belinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Berchet" title="Giovanni Berchet">Berchet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Burke" title="Edmund Burke">Burke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Carlyle" title="Thomas Carlyle">Carlyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Chaadayev" title="Pyotr Chaadayev">Chaadayev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Taylor_Coleridge" title="Samuel Taylor Coleridge">Coleridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Constant" title="Benjamin Constant">Constant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Waldo_Emerson" title="Ralph Waldo Emerson">Emerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Gottlieb_Fichte" title="Johann Gottlieb Fichte">Fichte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe" title="Johann Wolfgang von Goethe">Goethe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hazlitt" title="William Hazlitt">Hazlitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Wilhelm_Friedrich_Hegel" title="Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel">Hegel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksey_Khomyakov" title="Aleksey Khomyakov">Khomyakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9licit%C3%A9_de_La_Mennais" title="Félicité de La Mennais">Lamennais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariano_Jos%C3%A9_de_Larra" title="Mariano José de Larra">Larra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_de_Maistre" title="Joseph de Maistre">Maistre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Mazzini" title="Giuseppe Mazzini">Mazzini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jules_Michelet" title="Jules Michelet">Michelet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_M%C3%BCller" title="Adam Müller">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novalis" title="Novalis">Novalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Quinet" title="Edgar Quinet">Quinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau" title="Jean-Jacques Rousseau">Rousseau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Wilhelm_Joseph_Schelling" title="Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling">Schelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Schiller" title="Friedrich Schiller">Schiller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_Wilhelm_Schlegel" title="August Wilhelm Schlegel">A. Schlegel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Schlegel" title="Friedrich Schlegel">F. Schlegel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Schleiermacher" title="Friedrich Schleiermacher">Schleiermacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Pivert_de_Senancour" title="Étienne Pivert de Senancour">Senancour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johan_Vilhelm_Snellman" title="Johan Vilhelm Snellman">Snellman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germaine_de_Sta%C3%ABl" title="Germaine de Staël">Staël</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_David_Thoreau" title="Henry David Thoreau">Thoreau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Tieck" title="Ludwig Tieck">Tieck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Heinrich_Wackenroder" title="Wilhelm Heinrich Wackenroder">Wackenroder</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Romanticism#Visual_arts" title="Romanticism">Visual artists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Aivazovsky" title="Ivan Aivazovsky">Aivazovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt" title="Albert Bierstadt">Bierstadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Blake" title="William Blake">Blake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Parkes_Bonington" title="Richard Parkes Bonington">Bonington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Bryullov" title="Karl Bryullov">Bryullov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_Chass%C3%A9riau" title="Théodore Chassériau">Chassériau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederic_Edwin_Church" title="Frederic Edwin Church">Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Constable" title="John Constable">Constable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cole" title="Thomas Cole">Cole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste-Camille_Corot" title="Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot">Corot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johan_Christian_Dahl" title="Johan Christian Dahl">Dahl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_d%27Angers" title="David d'Angers">David d'Angers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Delacroix" title="Eugène Delacroix">Delacroix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Edelfelt" title="Albert Edelfelt">Edelfelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caspar_David_Friedrich" title="Caspar David Friedrich">Friedrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Fuseli" title="Henry Fuseli">Fuseli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akseli_Gallen-Kallela" title="Akseli Gallen-Kallela">Gallen-Kallela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_G%C3%A9ricault" title="Théodore Géricault">Géricault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne-Louis_Girodet_de_Roussy-Trioson" title="Anne-Louis Girodet de Roussy-Trioson">Girodet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Nepomucen_G%C5%82owacki" title="Jan Nepomucen Głowacki">Głowacki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Goya" title="Francisco Goya">Goya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Gude" title="Hans Gude">Gude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Hayez" title="Francesco Hayez">Hayez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Janmot" title="Louis Janmot">Janmot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jones_(artist)" title="Thomas Jones (artist)">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orest_Kiprensky" title="Orest Kiprensky">Kiprensky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Anton_Koch" title="Joseph Anton Koch">Koch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franciszek_Ksawery_Lampi" title="Franciszek Ksawery Lampi">Lampi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emanuel_Leutze" title="Emanuel Leutze">Leutze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Martin_(painter)" title="John Martin (painter)">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piotr_Micha%C5%82owski" title="Piotr Michałowski">Michałowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Palmer" title="Samuel Palmer">Palmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_de_Ara%C3%BAjo_Porto-Alegre,_Baron_of_Santo_%C3%82ngelo" title="Manuel de Araújo Porto-Alegre, Baron of Santo Ângelo">Porto-Alegre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine-Augustin_Pr%C3%A9ault" title="Antoine-Augustin Préault">Préault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_R%C3%A9voil" title="Pierre Révoil">Révoil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleury_Fran%C3%A7ois_Richard" title="Fleury François Richard">Richard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Rude" title="François Rude">Rude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philipp_Otto_Runge" title="Philipp Otto Runge">Runge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raden_Saleh" title="Raden Saleh">Saleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ary_Scheffer" title="Ary Scheffer">Scheffer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wojciech_Stattler" title="Wojciech Stattler">Stattler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Stroy" title="Michael Stroy">Stroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolph_Tidemand" title="Adolph Tidemand">Tidemand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasily_Tropinin" title="Vasily Tropinin">Tropinin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._M._W._Turner" title="J. M. W. Turner">Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philipp_Veit" title="Philipp Veit">Veit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Ward_(English_artist)" title="James Ward (English artist)">Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Wiertz" title="Antoine Wiertz">Wiertz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Scholars" class="mw-redirect" title="Scholars">Scholars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Abraham" title="Gerald Abraham">Abraham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._H._Abrams" title="M. H. Abrams">Abrams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Barzun" title="Jacques Barzun">Barzun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_C._Beiser" title="Frederick C. Beiser">Beiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaiah_Berlin" title="Isaiah Berlin">Berlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._C._W._Blanning" title="T. C. W. Blanning">Blanning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Bloom" title="Harold Bloom">Bloom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Blume" title="Friedrich Blume">Blume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Dahlhaus" title="Carl Dahlhaus">Dahlhaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Ferber" title="Michael Ferber">Ferber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_Frye" title="Northrop Frye">Frye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Janion" title="Maria Janion">Janion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe_Lacoue-Labarthe" title="Philippe Lacoue-Labarthe">Lacoue-Labarthe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Oncken_Lovejoy" title="Arthur Oncken Lovejoy">Lovejoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_de_Man" title="Paul de Man">de Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_Nancy" title="Jean-Luc Nancy">Nancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrik_Gabriel_Porthan" title="Henrik Gabriel Porthan">Porthan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Ricks" title="Christopher Ricks">Ricks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Rosen" title="Charles Rosen">Rosen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Wellek" title="René Wellek">Wellek</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coleridge%27s_theory_of_life" title="Coleridge's theory of life">Coleridge's theory of life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_idealism" title="German idealism">German idealism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_romantics" title="List of romantics">List of romantics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Romantic_poets" title="List of Romantic poets">List of Romantic poets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages_in_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle Ages in history">Middle Ages in history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opium_and_Romanticism" title="Opium and Romanticism">Opium and Romanticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_ballet" title="Romantic ballet">Romantic ballet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_epistemology" title="Romantic epistemology">Romantic epistemology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_medicine" title="Romantic medicine">Romantic medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_poetry" title="Romantic poetry">Romantic poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_psychology" title="Romantic psychology">Romantic psychology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_and_economics" title="Romanticism and economics">Romanticism and economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_and_the_French_Revolution" title="Romanticism and the French Revolution">Romanticism and the French Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_science" title="Romanticism in science">Romanticism in science</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_and_Bacon" title="Romanticism and Bacon">Bacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_evolution_theory" title="Romanticism in evolution theory">Evolution theory</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wanderer_above_the_Sea_of_Fog" title="Wanderer above the Sea of Fog">Wanderer above the Sea of Fog</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div style="position:relative;"> <div style="position:absolute;">← <b><a href="/wiki/Template:Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Template:Age of Enlightenment">Age of Enlightenment</a></b></div> <div style="position:absolute;right:0;"><b><a href="/wiki/Template:Modernism" title="Template:Modernism">Modernism</a></b> →</div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, 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class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Patrons_and_members_of_the_Brazilian_Academy_of_Letters" title="Template:Patrons and members of the Brazilian Academy of Letters"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Patrons_and_members_of_the_Brazilian_Academy_of_Letters" title="Template talk:Patrons and members of the Brazilian Academy of Letters"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Patrons_and_members_of_the_Brazilian_Academy_of_Letters" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Patrons and members of the Brazilian Academy of Letters"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Patrons_and_members_of_the_Brazilian_Academy_of_Letters" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Patrons and members of the <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Academy_of_Letters" class="mw-redirect" title="Brazilian Academy of Letters">Brazilian Academy of Letters</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chairs<br />1 to 10</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><span style="font-size:100%;line-height:120%;"> <p>1 (<a href="/wiki/Adelino_Fontoura" title="Adelino Fontoura">Adelino Fontoura</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_Murat" title="Luís Murat">Luís Murat</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Afonso_d%27Escragnolle_Taunay" title="Afonso d'Escragnolle Taunay">Afonso d'Escragnolle Taunay</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Monteiro_de_Barros_Lins" title="Ivan Monteiro de Barros Lins">Ivan Monteiro de Barros Lins</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernardo_%C3%89lis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernardo Élis (page does not exist)">Bernardo Élis</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Evandro_Lins_e_Silva" title="Evandro Lins e Silva">Evandro Lins e Silva</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ana_Maria_Machado" title="Ana Maria Machado">Ana Maria Machado</a></span><br /> 2 (<a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvares_de_Azevedo" title="Álvares de Azevedo">Álvares de Azevedo</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Coelho_Neto" title="Coelho Neto">Coelho Neto</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jo%C3%A3o_Neves_da_Fontoura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="João Neves da Fontoura (page does not exist)">João Neves da Fontoura</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Guimar%C3%A3es_Rosa" title="João Guimarães Rosa">João Guimarães Rosa</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1rio_Palm%C3%A9rio" title="Mário Palmério">Mário Palmério</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tarc%C3%ADsio_Padilha" title="Tarcísio Padilha">Tarcísio Padilha</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Giannetti_da_Fonseca" class="mw-redirect" title="Eduardo Giannetti da Fonseca">Eduardo Giannetti da Fonseca</a></span><br /> 3 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Artur_de_Oliveira&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Artur de Oliveira (page does not exist)">Artur de Oliveira</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Filinto_de_Almeida" title="Filinto de Almeida">Filinto de Almeida</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Simonsen" title="Roberto Simonsen">Roberto Simonsen</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%ADbal_Freire_da_Fonseca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aníbal Freire da Fonseca (page does not exist)">Aníbal Freire da Fonseca</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Herberto_Sales" title="Herberto Sales">Herberto Sales</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Heitor_Cony" title="Carlos Heitor Cony">Carlos Heitor Cony</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joaquim_Falc%C3%A3o" title="Joaquim Falcão">Joaquim Falcão</a></span><br /> 4 (<a href="/wiki/Bas%C3%ADlio_da_Gama" title="Basílio da Gama">Basílio da Gama</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alu%C3%ADsio_Azevedo" title="Aluísio Azevedo">Aluísio Azevedo</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alcides_Maia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alcides Maia (page does not exist)">Alcides Maia</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Viana_Moog" title="Viana Moog">Viana Moog</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Nejar" title="Carlos Nejar">Carlos Nejar</a></span><br /> 5 (<a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Guimar%C3%A3es" title="Bernardo Guimarães">Bernardo Guimarães</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Raimundo_Correia" title="Raimundo Correia">Raimundo Correia</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oswaldo_Cruz" title="Oswaldo Cruz">Oswaldo Cruz</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alo%C3%ADsio_de_Castro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aloísio de Castro (page does not exist)">Aloísio de Castro</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=C%C3%A2ndido_Mota_Filho&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cândido Mota Filho (page does not exist)">Cândido Mota Filho</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rachel_de_Queiroz" title="Rachel de Queiroz">Rachel de Queiroz</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Murilo_de_Carvalho" title="José Murilo de Carvalho">José Murilo de Carvalho</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ailton_Krenak" title="Ailton Krenak">Ailton Krenak</a></span><br /> 6 (<a href="/wiki/Casimiro_de_Abreu" title="Casimiro de Abreu">Casimiro de Abreu</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teixeira_de_Melo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teixeira de Melo (page does not exist)">Teixeira de Melo</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Artur_Silveira_da_Mota,_Baron_of_Jaceguai" title="Artur Silveira da Mota, Baron of Jaceguai">Artur Jaceguai</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_Maria_Goulart_de_Andrade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="José Maria Goulart de Andrade (page does not exist)">Goulart de Andrade</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barbosa_Lima_Sobrinho" title="Barbosa Lima Sobrinho">Barbosa Lima Sobrinho</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Raimundo_Faoro" class="mw-redirect" title="Raimundo Faoro">Raimundo Faoro</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=C%C3%ADcero_Sandroni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cícero Sandroni (page does not exist)">Cícero Sandroni</a></span><br /> 7 (<a href="/wiki/Castro_Alves" title="Castro Alves">Castro Alves</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Valentim_Magalh%C3%A3es" title="Valentim Magalhães">Valentim Magalhães</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Euclides_da_Cunha" title="Euclides da Cunha">Euclides da Cunha</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Afr%C3%A2nio_Peixoto" class="mw-redirect" title="Afrânio Peixoto">Afrânio Peixoto</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afonso_Pena_J%C3%BAnior&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Afonso Pena Júnior (page does not exist)">Afonso Pena Júnior</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hermes_Lima" title="Hermes Lima">Hermes Lima</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Cavalcanti_Pontes_de_Miranda" title="Francisco Cavalcanti Pontes de Miranda">Pontes de Miranda</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Din%C3%A1_Silveira_de_Queir%C3%B3s" title="Diná Silveira de Queirós">Diná Silveira de Queirós</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%A9rgio_Correia_da_Costa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sérgio Correia da Costa (page does not exist)">Sérgio Correia da Costa</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Pereira_dos_Santos" title="Nelson Pereira dos Santos">Nelson Pereira dos Santos</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cac%C3%A1_Diegues" class="mw-redirect" title="Cacá Diegues">Cacá Diegues</a></span><br /> 8 (<a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%A1udio_Manuel_da_Costa" title="Cláudio Manuel da Costa">Cláudio Manuel da Costa</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alberto_de_Oliveira" title="Alberto de Oliveira">Alberto de Oliveira</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oliveira_Viana" title="Oliveira Viana">Oliveira Viana</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Austreg%C3%A9silo_de_Athayde" title="Austregésilo de Athayde">Austregésilo de Athayde</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B4nio_Calado" class="mw-redirect" title="Antônio Calado">Antônio Calado</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B4nio_Olinto" title="Antônio Olinto">Antônio Olinto</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cleonice_Berardinelli" title="Cleonice Berardinelli">Cleonice Berardinelli</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ricardo_Cavaliere&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ricardo Cavaliere (page does not exist)">Ricardo Cavaliere</a></span><br /> 9 (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gonçalves de Magalhães</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Magalh%C3%A3es_de_Azeredo" title="Carlos Magalhães de Azeredo">Carlos Magalhães de Azeredo</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marques_Rebelo" title="Marques Rebelo">Marques Rebelo</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Chagas_Filho" title="Carlos Chagas Filho">Carlos Chagas Filho</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alberto_da_Costa_e_Silva" title="Alberto da Costa e Silva">Alberto da Costa e Silva</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lilia_Moritz_Schwarcz" title="Lilia Moritz Schwarcz">Lilia Moritz Schwarcz</a></span><br /> 10 (<a href="/wiki/Evaristo_da_Veiga" title="Evaristo da Veiga">Evaristo da Veiga</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rui_Barbosa" class="mw-redirect" title="Rui Barbosa">Rui Barbosa</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laudelino_Freire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laudelino Freire (page does not exist)">Laudelino Freire</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osvaldo_Orico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Osvaldo Orico (page does not exist)">Osvaldo Orico</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Or%C3%ADgenes_Lessa" title="Orígenes Lessa">Orígenes Lessa</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAdo_Ivo" title="Lêdo Ivo">Lêdo Ivo</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rosiska_Darcy_de_Oliveira" title="Rosiska Darcy de Oliveira">Rosiska Darcy de Oliveira</a></span> </p> </span></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Olivenkranz.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Olivenkranz.png/80px-Olivenkranz.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Olivenkranz.png/120px-Olivenkranz.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Olivenkranz.png/160px-Olivenkranz.png 2x" data-file-width="465" data-file-height="427" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chairs<br />11 to 20</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><span style="font-size:100%;line-height:120%;"> <p>11 (<a href="/wiki/Fagundes_Varela" title="Fagundes Varela">Fagundes Varela</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%BAcio_de_Mendon%C3%A7a&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lúcio de Mendonça (page does not exist)">Lúcio de Mendonça</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pedro_Augusto_Carneiro_Lessa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pedro Augusto Carneiro Lessa (page does not exist)">Pedro Augusto Carneiro Lessa</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eduardo_Ramos_(poet)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eduardo Ramos (poet) (page does not exist)">Eduardo Ramos</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jo%C3%A3o_Lu%C3%ADs_Alves&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="João Luís Alves (page does not exist)">João Luís Alves</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Adelmar_Tavares" title="Adelmar Tavares">Adelmar Tavares</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deolindo_Couto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deolindo Couto (page does not exist)">Deolindo Couto</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Darcy_Ribeiro" title="Darcy Ribeiro">Darcy Ribeiro</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Celso_Furtado" title="Celso Furtado">Celso Furtado</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9lio_Jaguaribe" title="Hélio Jaguaribe">Hélio Jaguaribe</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ign%C3%A1cio_de_Loyola_Brand%C3%A3o" class="mw-redirect" title="Ignácio de Loyola Brandão">Ignácio de Loyola Brandão</a></span><br /> 12 (<a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7a_J%C3%BAnior" title="França Júnior">França Júnior</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urbano_Duarte_de_Oliveira&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Urbano Duarte de Oliveira (page does not exist)">Urbano Duarte de Oliveira</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B4nio_Augusto_de_Lima" class="mw-redirect" title="Antônio Augusto de Lima">Antônio Augusto de Lima</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADtor_Viana" title="Vítor Viana">Vítor Viana</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_Carlos_de_Macedo_Soares&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="José Carlos de Macedo Soares (page does not exist)">José Carlos de Macedo Soares</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Abgar_Renault" title="Abgar Renault">Abgar Renault</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lucas_Moreira_Neves" title="Lucas Moreira Neves">Lucas Moreira Neves</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alfredo_Bosi" title="Alfredo Bosi">Alfredo Bosi</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paulo_Niemeyer_Filho&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paulo Niemeyer Filho (page does not exist)">Paulo Niemeyer Filho</a></span><br /> 13 (<a href="/wiki/Francisco_Otaviano" title="Francisco Otaviano">Francisco Otaviano</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alfredo_d%27Escragnolle_Taunay,_Viscount_of_Taunay" title="Alfredo d'Escragnolle Taunay, Viscount of Taunay">Alfredo d'Escragnolle Taunay</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francisco_de_Castro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francisco de Castro (page does not exist)">Francisco de Castro</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_Isidoro_Martins_J%C3%BAnior&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="José Isidoro Martins Júnior (page does not exist)">Martins Júnior</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jo%C3%A3o_Carneiro_de_Sousa_Bandeira&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="João Carneiro de Sousa Bandeira (page does not exist)">Sousa Bandeira</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%A9lio_Lobo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hélio Lobo (page does not exist)">Hélio Lobo</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Augusto_Meyer" title="Augusto Meyer">Augusto Meyer</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Assis_Barbosa" title="Francisco de Assis Barbosa">Francisco de Assis Barbosa</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9rgio_Paulo_Rouanet" title="Sérgio Paulo Rouanet">Sérgio Paulo Rouanet</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ruy_Castro" title="Ruy Castro">Ruy Castro</a></span><br /> 14 (<a href="/wiki/Franklin_T%C3%A1vora" title="Franklin Távora">Franklin Távora</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%B3vis_Bevil%C3%A1qua" title="Clóvis Beviláqua">Clóvis Beviláqua</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ant%C3%B4nio_Carneiro_Le%C3%A3o&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antônio Carneiro Leão (page does not exist)">Antônio Carneiro Leão</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fernando_de_Azevedo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fernando de Azevedo (page does not exist)">Fernando de Azevedo</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Reale" title="Miguel Reale">Miguel Reale</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Celso_Lafer" title="Celso Lafer">Celso Lafer</a></span><br /> 15 (<a href="/wiki/Gon%C3%A7alves_Dias" title="Gonçalves Dias">Gonçalves Dias</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Olavo_Bilac" title="Olavo Bilac">Olavo Bilac</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Amadeu_Amaral" title="Amadeu Amaral">Amadeu Amaral</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Guilherme_de_Almeida" title="Guilherme de Almeida">Guilherme de Almeida</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odilo_Costa_Filho&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Odilo Costa Filho (page does not exist)">Odilo Costa Filho</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marcos_Barbosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marcos Barbosa (page does not exist)">Marcos Barbosa</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Bastos_de_%C3%81vila" title="Fernando Bastos de Ávila">Fernando Bastos de Ávila</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marco_Lucchesi" title="Marco Lucchesi">Marco Lucchesi</a></span><br /> 16 (<a href="/wiki/Greg%C3%B3rio_de_Matos" title="Gregório de Matos">Gregório de Matos</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Araripe_J%C3%BAnior" title="Araripe Júnior">Araripe Júnior</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%A9lix_Pacheco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Félix Pacheco (page does not exist)">Félix Pacheco</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pedro_Calmon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pedro Calmon (page does not exist)">Pedro Calmon</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lygia_Fagundes_Telles" title="Lygia Fagundes Telles">Lygia Fagundes Telles</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jorge_Caldeira&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jorge Caldeira (page does not exist)">Jorge Caldeira</a></span><br /> 17 (<a href="/wiki/Hip%C3%B3lito_da_Costa" title="Hipólito da Costa">Hipólito da Costa</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%ADlvio_Romero" title="Sílvio Romero">Sílvio Romero</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Os%C3%B3rio_Duque-Estrada" title="Osório Duque-Estrada">Osório Duque-Estrada</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Roquette-Pinto" title="Edgar Roquette-Pinto">Edgar Roquette-Pinto</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_Lins" title="Álvaro Lins">Álvaro Lins</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B4nio_Houaiss" title="Antônio Houaiss">Antônio Houaiss</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Affonso_Arinos_de_Mello_Franco" title="Affonso Arinos de Mello Franco">Affonso Arinos de Mello Franco</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fernanda_Montenegro" title="Fernanda Montenegro">Fernanda Montenegro</a></span><br /> 18 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jo%C3%A3o_Francisco_Lisboa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="João Francisco Lisboa (page does not exist)">João Francisco Lisboa</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ver%C3%ADssimo" title="José Veríssimo">José Veríssimo</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bar%C3%A3o_Homem_de_Melo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barão Homem de Melo (page does not exist)">Barão Homem de Melo</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alberto_Faria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alberto Faria (page does not exist)">Alberto Faria</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lu%C3%ADs_Carlos_da_Fonseca_Monteiro_de_Barros&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luís Carlos da Fonseca Monteiro de Barros (page does not exist)">Luís Carlos</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ant%C3%B4nio_Joaquim_Pereira_da_Silva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antônio Joaquim Pereira da Silva (page does not exist)">Pereira da Silva</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peregrino_J%C3%BAnior&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peregrino Júnior (page does not exist)">Peregrino Júnior</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arnaldo_Niskier" title="Arnaldo Niskier">Arnaldo Niskier</a></span><br /> 19 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Joaquim_Caetano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joaquim Caetano (page does not exist)">Joaquim Caetano</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alcindo_Guanabara" title="Alcindo Guanabara">Alcindo Guanabara</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silv%C3%A9rio_Gomes_Pimenta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silvério Gomes Pimenta (page does not exist)">Silvério Gomes Pimenta</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Barroso" title="Gustavo Barroso">Gustavo Barroso</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B4nio_da_Silva_Melo" class="mw-redirect" title="Antônio da Silva Melo">Silva Melo</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Am%C3%A9rico_Jacobina_Lacombe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Américo Jacobina Lacombe (page does not exist)">Américo Jacobina Lacombe</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marcos_Almir_Madeira&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marcos Almir Madeira (page does not exist)">Marcos Almir Madeira</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B4nio_Carlos_Secchin" class="mw-redirect" title="Antônio Carlos Secchin">Antônio Carlos Secchin</a></span><br /> 20 (<a href="/wiki/Joaquim_Manuel_de_Macedo" title="Joaquim Manuel de Macedo">Joaquim Manuel de Macedo</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Salvador_de_Mendon%C3%A7a" title="Salvador de Mendonça">Salvador de Mendonça</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Em%C3%ADlio_de_Meneses&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emílio de Meneses (page does not exist)">Emílio de Meneses</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Humberto_de_Campos_(journalist)" title="Humberto de Campos (journalist)">Humberto de Campos</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/M%C3%BAcio_Le%C3%A3o" title="Múcio Leão">Múcio Leão</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Aur%C3%A9lio_de_Lira_Tavares" title="Aurélio de Lira Tavares">Aurélio de Lira Tavares</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Murilo_Melo_Filho" title="Murilo Melo Filho">Murilo Melo Filho</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gilberto_Gil" title="Gilberto Gil">Gilberto Gil</a></span><br /> </p> </span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chairs<br />21 to 30</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><span style="font-size:100%;line-height:120%;"> <p>21 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Joaquim_Serra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joaquim Serra (page does not exist)">Joaquim Serra</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_do_Patroc%C3%ADnio" title="José do Patrocínio">José do Patrocínio</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1rio_de_Alencar" title="Mário de Alencar">Mário de Alencar</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oleg%C3%A1rio_Mariano" title="Olegário Mariano">Olegário Mariano</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81lvaro_Moreira&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Álvaro Moreira (page does not exist)">Álvaro Moreira</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Adonias_Filho" title="Adonias Filho">Adonias Filho</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dias_Gomes" title="Dias Gomes">Dias Gomes</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roberto_de_Oliveira_Campos" class="mw-redirect" title="Roberto de Oliveira Campos">Roberto Campos</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paulo_Coelho" title="Paulo Coelho">Paulo Coelho</a></span><br /> 22 (<a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Bonif%C3%A1cio_the_Younger" title="José Bonifácio the Younger">José Bonifácio the Younger</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Medeiros_e_Albuquerque" title="Medeiros e Albuquerque">Medeiros e Albuquerque</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Os%C3%B3rio_de_Almeida" title="Miguel Osório de Almeida">Miguel Osório de Almeida</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_Viana_Filho" title="Luís Viana Filho">Luís Viana Filho</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ivo_Pitanguy" title="Ivo Pitanguy">Ivo Pitanguy</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Almino" title="João Almino">João Almino</a></span><br /> 23 (<a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_Alencar" title="José de Alencar">José de Alencar</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Machado_de_Assis" title="Machado de Assis">Machado de Assis</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lafayette_Rodrigues_Pereira" title="Lafayette Rodrigues Pereira">Lafayette Rodrigues Pereira</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfredo_Pujol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfredo Pujol (page does not exist)">Alfredo Pujol</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ot%C3%A1vio_Mangabeira" title="Otávio Mangabeira">Otávio Mangabeira</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Amado" title="Jorge Amado">Jorge Amado</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Z%C3%A9lia_Gattai" title="Zélia Gattai">Zélia Gattai</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Luiz_Paulo_Horta" title="Luiz Paulo Horta">Luiz Paulo Horta</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ant%C3%B4nio_Torres&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antônio Torres (page does not exist)">Antônio Torres</a></span><br /> 24 (<a href="/wiki/J%C3%BAlio_Ribeiro" title="Júlio Ribeiro">Júlio Ribeiro</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Garcia_Redondo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Garcia Redondo (page does not exist)">Garcia Redondo</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lu%C3%ADs_Guimar%C3%A3es_Filho&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luís Guimarães Filho (page does not exist)">Luís Guimarães Filho</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Bandeira" title="Manuel Bandeira">Manuel Bandeira</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cyro_dos_Anjos" title="Cyro dos Anjos">Cyro dos Anjos</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1bato_Magaldi" title="Sábato Magaldi">Sábato Magaldi</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Geraldo_Carneiro" title="Geraldo Carneiro">Geraldo Carneiro</a></span><br /> 25 (<a href="/wiki/Junqueira_Freire" title="Junqueira Freire">Junqueira Freire</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Franklin_D%C3%B3ria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Franklin Dória (page does not exist)">Franklin Dória</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Artur_Orlando_da_Silva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Artur Orlando da Silva (page does not exist)">Artur Orlando da Silva</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ataulfo_de_Paiva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ataulfo de Paiva (page does not exist)">Ataulfo de Paiva</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Lins_do_Rego" title="José Lins do Rego">José Lins do Rego</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Afonso_Arinos_de_Melo_Franco" class="mw-redirect" title="Afonso Arinos de Melo Franco">Afonso Arinos de Melo Franco</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Venancio_Filho" title="Alberto Venancio Filho">Alberto Venancio Filho</a></span><br /> 26 (<a href="/wiki/Laurindo_Rabelo" title="Laurindo Rabelo">Laurindo Rabelo</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guimar%C3%A3es_Passos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guimarães Passos (page does not exist)">Guimarães Passos</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_do_Rio" title="João do Rio">João do Rio</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Const%C3%A2ncio_Alves&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constâncio Alves (page does not exist)">Constâncio Alves</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ribeiro_Couto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ribeiro Couto (page does not exist)">Ribeiro Couto</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gilberto_Amado&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gilberto Amado (page does not exist)">Gilberto Amado</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mauro_Mota&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mauro Mota (page does not exist)">Mauro Mota</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marcos_Vila%C3%A7a&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marcos Vilaça (page does not exist)">Marcos Vilaça</a></span><br /> 27 (<a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B4nio_Peregrino_Maciel_Monteiro,_2nd_Baron_of_Itamarac%C3%A1" title="Antônio Peregrino Maciel Monteiro, 2nd Baron of Itamaracá">Antônio Peregrino Maciel Monteiro</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joaquim_Nabuco" title="Joaquim Nabuco">Joaquim Nabuco</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dantas_Barreto" title="Dantas Barreto">Dantas Barreto</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Greg%C3%B3rio_da_Fonseca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gregório da Fonseca (page does not exist)">Gregório da Fonseca</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Levi_Carneiro" title="Levi Carneiro">Levi Carneiro</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ot%C3%A1vio_de_Faria" title="Otávio de Faria">Otávio de Faria</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Portella" title="Eduardo Portella">Eduardo Portella</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Cicero" title="Antonio Cicero">Antonio Cicero</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap">Vacant</span><br /> 28 (<a href="/wiki/Manuel_Ant%C3%B4nio_de_Almeida" title="Manuel Antônio de Almeida">Manuel Antônio de Almeida</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ingl%C3%AAs_de_Sousa" title="Inglês de Sousa">Inglês de Sousa</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Xavier_Marques" title="Xavier Marques">Xavier Marques</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Menotti_Del_Picchia" title="Menotti Del Picchia">Menotti Del Picchia</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oscar_Dias_Correia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oscar Dias Correia (page does not exist)">Oscar Dias Correia</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dom%C3%ADcio_Proen%C3%A7a_Filho" title="Domício Proença Filho">Domício Proença Filho</a></span><br /> 29 (<a href="/wiki/Martins_Pena" title="Martins Pena">Martins Pena</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Artur_Azevedo" title="Artur Azevedo">Artur Azevedo</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vicente_de_Carvalho_(writer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vicente de Carvalho (writer) (page does not exist)">Vicente de Carvalho</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cl%C3%A1udio_de_Sousa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cláudio de Sousa (page does not exist)">Cláudio de Sousa</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Josu%C3%A9_Montello" title="Josué Montello">Josué Montello</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mindlin" title="José Mindlin">José Mindlin</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Geraldo_Holanda_Cavalcanti" title="Geraldo Holanda Cavalcanti">Geraldo Holanda Cavalcanti</a></span><br /> 30 (<a href="/wiki/Pardal_Mallet" title="Pardal Mallet">Pardal Mallet</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Rabelo" title="Pedro Rabelo">Pedro Rabelo</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Her%C3%A1clito_Gra%C3%A7a&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heráclito Graça (page does not exist)">Heráclito Graça</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ant%C3%B4nio_Austreg%C3%A9silo_Rodrigues_de_Lima&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antônio Austregésilo Rodrigues de Lima (page does not exist)">Antônio Austregésilo</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Aur%C3%A9lio_Buarque_de_Holanda_Ferreira" title="Aurélio Buarque de Holanda Ferreira">Aurélio Buarque de Holanda Ferreira</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A9lida_Pi%C3%B1on" title="Nélida Piñon">Nélida Piñon</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Helo%C3%ADsa_Teixeira" title="Heloísa Teixeira">Heloísa Teixeira</a></span> </p> </span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chairs<br />31 to 40</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><span style="font-size:100%;line-height:120%;"> <p>31 (<a href="/wiki/Pedro_Lu%C3%ADs_Pereira_de_Sousa" title="Pedro Luís Pereira de Sousa">Pedro Luís Pereira de Sousa</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_Caetano_Pereira_Guimar%C3%A3es_J%C3%BAnior" title="Luís Caetano Pereira Guimarães Júnior">Luís Caetano Pereira Guimarães Júnior</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jo%C3%A3o_Batista_Ribeiro_de_Andrade_Fernandes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="João Batista Ribeiro de Andrade Fernandes (page does not exist)">João Batista Ribeiro de Andrade Fernandes</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paulo_Set%C3%BAbal" title="Paulo Setúbal">Paulo Setúbal</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cassiano_Ricardo" title="Cassiano Ricardo">Cassiano Ricardo</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_C%C3%A2ndido_de_Carvalho" title="José Cândido de Carvalho">José Cândido de Carvalho</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geraldo_Fran%C3%A7a_de_Lima&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geraldo França de Lima (page does not exist)">Geraldo França de Lima</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Moacyr_Scliar" title="Moacyr Scliar">Moacyr Scliar</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Merval_Pereira" title="Merval Pereira">Merval Pereira</a></span><br /> 32 (<a href="/wiki/Manuel_de_Ara%C3%BAjo_Porto-Alegre,_Baron_of_Santo_%C3%82ngelo" title="Manuel de Araújo Porto-Alegre, Baron of Santo Ângelo">Manuel de Araújo Porto-Alegre</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carlos_de_Laet" title="Carlos de Laet">Carlos de Laet</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ramiz_Galv%C3%A3o" title="Ramiz Galvão">Ramiz Galvão</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Viriato_Correia" title="Viriato Correia">Viriato Correia</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joracy_Camargo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joracy Camargo (page does not exist)">Joracy Camargo</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Genolino_Amado&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Genolino Amado (page does not exist)">Genolino Amado</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ariano_Suassuna" title="Ariano Suassuna">Ariano Suassuna</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Zuenir_Ventura" title="Zuenir Ventura">Zuenir Ventura</a></span><br /> 33 (<a href="/wiki/Raul_Pompeia" title="Raul Pompeia">Raul Pompeia</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dom%C3%ADcio_da_Gama" title="Domício da Gama">Domício da Gama</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Magalh%C3%A3es" title="Fernando Magalhães">Fernando Magalhães</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lu%C3%ADs_Edmundo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luís Edmundo (page does not exist)">Luís Edmundo</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Afr%C3%A2nio_Coutinho" title="Afrânio Coutinho">Afrânio Coutinho</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Evanildo_Bechara" title="Evanildo Bechara">Evanildo Bechara</a></span><br /> 34 (<a href="/wiki/Sousa_Caldas" title="Sousa Caldas">Sousa Caldas</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jo%C3%A3o_Manuel_Pereira_da_Silva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="João Manuel Pereira da Silva (page does not exist)">João Manuel Pereira da Silva</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Paranhos,_Baron_of_Rio_Branco" title="José Paranhos, Baron of Rio Branco">José Maria da Silva Paranhos Jr.</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lauro_M%C3%BCller" title="Lauro Müller">Lauro Müller</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Aquino_Correia" title="Francisco de Aquino Correia">Aquino Correia</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raimundo_Magalh%C3%A3es_J%C3%BAnior&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raimundo Magalhães Júnior (page does not exist)">Magalhães Júnior</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlos_Castelo_Branco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carlos Castelo Branco (page does not exist)">Carlos Castelo Branco</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Ubaldo_Ribeiro" title="João Ubaldo Ribeiro">João Ubaldo Ribeiro</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Zuenir_Ventura" title="Zuenir Ventura">Zuenir Ventura</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Evaldo_Cabral_de_Mello" title="Evaldo Cabral de Mello">Evaldo Cabral de Mello</a></span><br /> 35 (<a href="/wiki/Aureliano_C%C3%A2ndido_Tavares_Bastos" title="Aureliano Cândido Tavares Bastos">Tavares Bastos</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rodrigo_Ot%C3%A1vio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rodrigo Otávio (page does not exist)">Rodrigo Otávio</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rodrigo_Ot%C3%A1vio_Filho&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rodrigo Otávio Filho (page does not exist)">Rodrigo Otávio Filho</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_Hon%C3%B3rio_Rodrigues&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="José Honório Rodrigues (page does not exist)">José Honório Rodrigues</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Celso_Ferreira_da_Cunha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Celso Ferreira da Cunha (page does not exist)">Celso Cunha</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=C%C3%A2ndido_Mendes_de_Almeida_(writer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cândido Mendes de Almeida (writer) (page does not exist)">Cândido Mendes de Almeida</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Godofredo_de_Oliveira_Neto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Godofredo de Oliveira Neto (page does not exist)">Godofredo de Oliveira Neto</a></span><br /> 36 (<a href="/wiki/Te%C3%B3filo_Dias" title="Teófilo Dias">Teófilo Dias</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Afonso_Celso_de_Assis_Figueiredo_J%C3%BAnior" title="Afonso Celso de Assis Figueiredo Júnior">Afonso Celso</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clementino_Fraga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clementino Fraga (page does not exist)">Clementino Fraga</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paulo_Carneiro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paulo Carneiro (page does not exist)">Paulo Carneiro</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Guilherme_Merquior" title="José Guilherme Merquior">José Guilherme Merquior</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jo%C3%A3o_de_Scantimburgo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="João de Scantimburgo (page does not exist)">João de Scantimburgo</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Henrique_Cardoso" title="Fernando Henrique Cardoso">Fernando Henrique Cardoso</a></span><br /> 37 (<a href="/wiki/Tom%C3%A1s_Ant%C3%B3nio_Gonzaga" title="Tomás António Gonzaga">Tomás António Gonzaga</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_J%C3%BAlio_da_Silva_Ramos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="José Júlio da Silva Ramos (page does not exist)">José Júlio da Silva Ramos</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_de_Alc%C3%A2ntara_Machado&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="José de Alcântara Machado (page does not exist)">José de Alcântara Machado</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Get%C3%BAlio_Vargas" title="Getúlio Vargas">Getúlio Vargas</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Assis_Chateaubriand" title="Assis Chateaubriand">Assis Chateaubriand</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Cabral_de_Melo_Neto" title="João Cabral de Melo Neto">João Cabral de Melo Neto</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Junqueira" title="Ivan Junqueira">Ivan Junqueira</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ferreira_Gullar" title="Ferreira Gullar">Ferreira Gullar</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arno_Wehling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arno Wehling (page does not exist)">Arno Wehling</a></span><br /> 38 (<a href="/wiki/Tobias_Barreto" title="Tobias Barreto">Tobias Barreto</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gra%C3%A7a_Aranha" title="Graça Aranha">Graça Aranha</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Santos-Dumont" title="Alberto Santos-Dumont">Alberto Santos-Dumont</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Celso_Vieira_(writer)" title="Celso Vieira (writer)">Celso Vieira</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maur%C3%ADcio_Campos_de_Medeiros" title="Maurício Campos de Medeiros">Maurício Campos de Medeiros</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Am%C3%A9rico_de_Almeida" title="José Américo de Almeida">José Américo de Almeida</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Sarney" title="José Sarney">José Sarney</a></span><br /> 39 (<a href="/wiki/Francisco_Adolfo_de_Varnhagen,_Viscount_of_Porto_Seguro" title="Francisco Adolfo de Varnhagen, Viscount of Porto Seguro">Francisco Adolfo de Varnhagen</a>): <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Manuel_de_Oliveira_Lima" title="Manuel de Oliveira Lima">Manuel de Oliveira Lima</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alberto_de_Faria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alberto de Faria (page does not exist)">Alberto de Faria</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rocha_Pombo" title="Rocha Pombo">Rocha Pombo</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rodolfo_Garcia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rodolfo Garcia (page does not exist)">Rodolfo Garcia</a> ►</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elmano_Cardim" title="Elmano 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