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homelessness</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: homelessness"> <meta name="keywords" content="homelessness"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="homelessness"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 35</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: homelessness</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">35</span> The Failed Criminalization of Homelessness: The Need for New Interventions and the Implementation of Salt Lake City’s Kayak Court</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stephen%20Fanale">Stephen Fanale</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Criminalization creates sizable barriers to housing and perpetuates the cycle of homelessness. Not only does criminalization leave people on the streets and in shelters indefinitely, but it also unnecessarily costs the taxpayers. Homelessness is a growing issue throughout the world, and criminalizing these human beings is a violation of basic human rights. While this may seem like an insurmountable obstacle, there is something that can be done while fighting that battle. While they are under-researched as a whole, specialty courts, specifically homeless courts, are a growing vessel that can address some of the barriers associated with the criminalization of homelessness. They divert individuals away from jail while connecting them to services that will help their situation instead of hindering it. The model being used in Salt Lake City, while similar to others throughout the United States, stands alone in its outreach efforts and should be paving the way for the rest of the world. The following will look at criminalization and different ways of addressing it, and, finally, Salt Lake City’s current operations, including the unique outreach court: Kayak Court. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=barriers%20to%20housing" title="barriers to housing">barriers to housing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=criminalization" title=" criminalization"> criminalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cycle%20of%20homelessness" title=" cycle of homelessness"> cycle of homelessness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homeless%20court" title=" homeless court"> homeless court</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diversion" title=" diversion"> diversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kayak%20court" title=" kayak court"> kayak court</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175585/the-failed-criminalization-of-homelessness-the-need-for-new-interventions-and-the-implementation-of-salt-lake-citys-kayak-court" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175585.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">71</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> The Importance of Elders in Guiding Research and Findings for Aboriginal People Experiencing Homelessness</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alice%20V.%20Brown">Alice V. Brown</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Egan"> Patrick Egan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dorothy%20Bagshaw"> Dorothy Bagshaw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jackie%20Oakley"> Jackie Oakley</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emma%20Vieira"> Emma Vieira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Louise%20Southalan"> Louise Southalan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Duc%20Dau"> Duc Dau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucy%20Spanswick"> Lucy Spanswick</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lindey%20Andrews"> Lindey Andrews</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mandy%20Wilson"> Mandy Wilson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jocelyn%20Jones"> Jocelyn Jones</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Western Australia has recently adopted a 10-year plan to end homelessness across its State, with sections of the plan focused particularly on the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population. In 2022, we engaged with 70-90 Aboriginal people experiencing homelessness in Perth, Western Australia, through qualitative interviews and creative methods, listening to their experiences of homelessness and their views on how services, State plans, and policies could better support them. This research was driven by the Aboriginal community through a Community Ownership Group of 16 Aboriginal Elders, elected by Elders’ groups, from across the Perth metropolitan area. The Community Ownership Group met every six weeks across the 15-month project timeline to guide the research team, endorse methods chosen, and provide richer context to research findings to ensure they adequately represent the experiences of Aboriginal people. These meetings were audio-recorded when possible and documented through meeting notes, verbal and visual minutes, and film, providing insights into homelessness from the perspective of Aboriginal Elders. In this paper, we compare the views of those experiencing homelessness with the views of the Aboriginal Elders -many of whom have experienced homelessness firsthand- and literature regarding how those experiencing homelessness can be better supported. We detail the ‘survival-directed thinking’ of those we engaged with who was in the throes of homelessness, leading them to focus more on immediate solutions such as food and housing. We then compare these narratives to Elders’ views that have been more regularly focused on connection to culture and long-term plans for healing homelessness, alongside immediate outreach -views also reflected in the literature. Through these comparisons, we highlight the importance of engaging both with those currently experiencing homelessness as well as with Aboriginal Elders as important cultural caretakers and authorities. We demonstrate how these varied voices uncover both long and short-term perspectives on how homelessness can be better managed in policy and service provision. We also highlight the potential role Aboriginal Elders can play in supporting the Aboriginal homeless community and their transition into housing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aboriginal%20and%20Torres%20strait%20islander%20peoples" title="Aboriginal and Torres strait islander peoples">Aboriginal and Torres strait islander peoples</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aboriginal%20elders" title=" aboriginal elders"> aboriginal elders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homelessness" title=" homelessness"> homelessness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community-led%20research" title=" community-led research"> community-led research</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156580/the-importance-of-elders-in-guiding-research-and-findings-for-aboriginal-people-experiencing-homelessness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156580.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">108</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> Socio-Economic Analysis of Child Homelessness in South Africa: Implications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chigozie%20Azunna">Chigozie Azunna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Botes%20Lucius"> Botes Lucius</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Child homelessness remains a significant challenge in South Africa in the upcoming decade. Despite children making up a substantial portion of South Africa's population, the issue of child homelessness continues to pose a socio-economic crisis with diverse impacts. Achieving the UN 2050 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially in terms of equality and non-discrimination, requires an effective approach to curb child homelessness. Addressing this issue will positively influence the economic trajectory of South Africa's evolving demographic landscape. This research uses content analysis through an extensive review of current literature on child homelessness in South Africa. Findings indicate alignment between national policies and international agendas in tackling child homelessness in South Africa. However, the following statistics depict the ongoing challenge: In metropolitan areas, homelessness stands at 74.1%, whereas non-metro regions account for 25.9%. The City of Tshwane has the highest number of homeless individuals at 18.1%, followed by the City of Johannesburg at 15.6%, while Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan has the lowest at 2.7%. Despite existing national policy frameworks, child homelessness persists. The lack of accurate data, compounded by issues such as economic challenges, the lingering impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, poverty, the HIV/AIDS epidemic, and gaps in policy implementation, has exacerbated the problem. The consequences are dire, affecting children’s physical and emotional health, education, and future opportunities. The study recommends reinforcing actionable policies to address child homelessness effectively. Bridging the urban-rural divide and establishing intra-community networks are crucial for tackling this issue comprehensively. This includes addressing multifaceted challenges such as access to education, disease susceptibility, and the overall vulnerability of homeless children. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=South%20Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=child" title=" child"> child</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homeless" title=" homeless"> homeless</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SDGs" title=" SDGs"> SDGs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID" title=" COVID"> COVID</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban" title=" urban"> urban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural" title=" rural"> rural</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188510/socio-economic-analysis-of-child-homelessness-in-south-africa-implications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188510.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">26</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> Reasons and Complexities around Using Alcohol and Other Drugs among Aboriginal People Experiencing Homelessness</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mandy%20Wilson">Mandy Wilson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emma%20Vieira"> Emma Vieira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jocelyn%20Jones"> Jocelyn Jones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alice%20V.%20Brown"> Alice V. Brown</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lindey%20Andrews"> Lindey Andrews</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Louise%20Southalan"> Louise Southalan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jackie%20Oakley"> Jackie Oakley</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dorothy%20Bagshaw"> Dorothy Bagshaw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Egan"> Patrick Egan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laura%20Dent"> Laura Dent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Duc%20Dau"> Duc Dau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucy%20Spanswick"> Lucy Spanswick</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Alcohol and drug dependency are pertinent issues for those experiencing homelessness. This includes Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, Australia’s traditional owners, living in Perth, Western Australia (WA). Societal narratives around the drivers behind drug and alcohol dependency in Aboriginal communities, particularly those experiencing homelessness, have been biased and unchanging, with little regard for complexity. This can include the idea that Aboriginal people have ‘chosen’ to use alcohol or other drugs without consideration for intergenerational trauma and the trauma of homelessness that may influence their choices. These narratives have flow-on impacts on policies and services that directly impact Aboriginal people experiencing homelessness. In 2021, we commenced a project which aimed to listen to and elevate the voices of 70-90 Aboriginal people experiencing homelessness in Perth. The project is community-driven, led by an Aboriginal Community Controlled Organisation in partnership with a university research institute. A community-ownership group of Aboriginal Elders endorsed the project’s methods, chosen to ensure their suitability for the Aboriginal community. In this paper, we detail these methods, including semi-structured interviews influenced by an Aboriginal yarning approach – an important style of conversation for Aboriginal people which follows cultural protocols; and photovoice – supporting people to share their stories through photography. Through these engagements, we detail the reasons Aboriginal people in Perth shared for using alcohol or other drugs while experiencing homelessness. These included supporting their survival on the streets, managing their mental health, and coping while on the journey to finding support. We also detail why they sought to discontinue alcohol and other drug use, including wanting to reconnect with family and changing priorities. Finally, we share how Aboriginal people experiencing homelessness have said they are impacted by their family’s alcohol and other drug use, including feeling uncomfortable living with a family who is drug and alcohol-dependent and having to care for grandchildren despite their own homelessness. These findings provide a richer understanding of alcohol and drug use for Aboriginal people experiencing homelessness in Perth, shedding light on potential changes to targeted policy and service approaches. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aboriginal%20and%20Torres%20Strait%20Islander%20peoples" title="Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples">Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol%20and%20other%20drugs" title=" alcohol and other drugs"> alcohol and other drugs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homelessness" title=" homelessness"> homelessness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community-led%20research" title=" community-led research"> community-led research</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156581/reasons-and-complexities-around-using-alcohol-and-other-drugs-among-aboriginal-people-experiencing-homelessness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156581.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> Ngala Kadidjiny: An Elder Approved Commitment to Involving Aboriginal Community throughout Research on Homelessness</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jackie%20Oakley">Jackie Oakley</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alice%20V.%20Brown"> Alice V. Brown</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Those experiencing homelessness are regularly excluded from the development of policies and services that impact their lives. This is particularly true for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people experiencing homelessness in Australia, who tend to have differing needs, cultural obligations, and views of what equates to a ‘home’ and ‘homelessness’ than non-Aboriginal Australians. Aboriginal people are the traditional owners of Australia yet have had to survive within colonial housing customs, housing and homelessness policies, and markets that often conflict with their culture. Recognising this, in 2022, we commenced community-led research into the needs of Aboriginal people experiencing homelessness in Perth. Historically, research has often been done on Aboriginal people rather than with them. As such, a Participatory Action Research methodology was chosen, which recognises that those being researched are the experts of their circumstances rather than the research team, and facilitates their driving of the research, its questions, and how their community can directly benefit. A Community Ownership Group (COG) was formed to guide this process and negotiate the best ways that the Aboriginal community can be fairly and adequately involved. The COG approved a process developed by an Aboriginal Elder called Ngala Kadidjiny (Knowledge Vault), which outlines who and when various groups should be consulted throughout the research to ensure adequate involvement of the Aboriginal community at all stages. The process includes many markers of research integrity, including ensuring a Community Ownership Group is formed with diversity and recruiting its members through votes taking place within Elders groups across the metropolitan area. The process also demands that the community have the chance to review research findings before any findings are published. Additionally, the process asks that draft reports and findings are delivered to the broader community and Community Ownership Groups before being finalised, published, and shared officially with stakeholders and the government. This paper details how Ngala Kadidjiny’s process impacted the research, how it was explained and agreed upon by the Aboriginal community, the benefits and challenges of such a process, and its implications for other community-led research for and with Aboriginal people experiencing homelessness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aboriginal%20and%20Torres%20Strait%20Islander%20peoples" title="Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples">Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aboriginal%20elders" title=" Aboriginal elders"> Aboriginal elders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homelessness" title=" homelessness"> homelessness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community-led%20research" title=" community-led research"> community-led research</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20consultation" title=" community consultation"> community consultation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156584/ngala-kadidjiny-an-elder-approved-commitment-to-involving-aboriginal-community-throughout-research-on-homelessness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156584.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> Moulding Photovoice to Community: Supporting Aboriginal People Experiencing Homelessness to Share Their Stories through Photography</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jocelyn%20Jones">Jocelyn Jones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Louise%20Southalan"> Louise Southalan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lindey%20Andrews"> Lindey Andrews</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mandy%20Wilson"> Mandy Wilson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emma%20Vieira"> Emma Vieira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jackie%20Oakley"> Jackie Oakley</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dorothy%20Bagshaw"> Dorothy Bagshaw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alice%20V.%20Brown"> Alice V. Brown</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Egan"> Patrick Egan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Duc%20Dau"> Duc Dau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucy%20Spanswick"> Lucy Spanswick</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Working with people experiencing homelessness requires careful use of methods that support them to comfortably share their experiences. This is particularly important for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, the traditional owners of Australia, who have experienced intergenerational and compounding trauma since colonisation. Aboriginal cultures regularly experience research fatigue and distrust in research’s potential for impact. They often view research as an extraction -a process of taking the knowledge that empowers the research team and its institution, rather than benefiting those being researched. Through a partnership between an Aboriginal Community Controlled Organisation and a university research institute, we conducted a community-driven research project with 70-90 Aboriginal people experiencing homelessness in Perth, Western Australia. The project aimed to listen to and advocate for the voices of those who are experiencing homelessness, guided by the Aboriginal community. In consultation with Aboriginal Elders, we selected methods that are considered culturally safe, including those who would prefer to express their experiences creatively. This led us to run a series of Photovoice workshops -an established method that supports people to share their experiences through photography. This method treats participants as experts and is regularly used with marginalised groups across the world. We detail our experience and lessons in using Photovoice with Aboriginal community members experiencing homelessness. This includes the ways the method needed to be moulded to community needs and driven by their individual choices, such as being dynamic in the length of time participants would spend with us, how we would introduce the method to them, and providing support workers for participants when taking photos. We also discuss lessons in establishing and retaining engagement and how the method was successful in supporting participants to comfortably share their stories. Finally, we outline the insights into homelessness that the method offered, including highlighting the difficulty experienced by participants in transitioning from homelessness to accommodation and the diversity of hopes people who have experienced homelessness have for the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aboriginal%20and%20Torres%20Strait%20Islander%20peoples" title="Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples">Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photovoice" title=" photovoice"> photovoice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homelessness" title=" homelessness"> homelessness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community-led%20research" title=" community-led research"> community-led research</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156582/moulding-photovoice-to-community-supporting-aboriginal-people-experiencing-homelessness-to-share-their-stories-through-photography" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156582.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">100</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> Residencial Inclusion Strategies for Homeless Immigrants: The Case of Spain</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raluca%20Cosmina%20Budian">Raluca Cosmina Budian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The homeless population in Spain, particularly among immigrants, has been a persistent and multifaceted issue. The government has implemented various housing public policies over the years to address homelessness, ranging from shelter programs to initiatives promoting permanent housing solutions. However, understanding the effectiveness of these policies requires insight from the very individuals and professionals directly impacted by or involved in their execution. This research sheds light on national strategies (The 2015-2020 Comprehensive National Strategy for the Homeless and National Strategy to Combat Homelessness in Spain 2023-2030) aimed at tackling homelessness in Spain, with a focus on the evolving landscape of housing public policies and their relationship with the homeless population. We investigate how these strategies have transformed over time and their impact on the inclusion of this vulnerable group. Furthermore, we explore the perspectives of homeless immigrants, distinguishing between those with an extended residency in Spain and those who have more recently arrived (less than 2 years); and distinguishing between women and men. Additionally, we incorporate insights from 13 interviews with professionals dedicated to serving the homeless population. These insights offer a deeper understanding of the intricacies of current homelessness service provision. Our findings reveal the complex dynamics of providing services to homeless individuals, and the importance of aligning these efforts with the broader national strategies for tackling homelessness. Drawing on a comprehensive dataset, we offer a nuanced view of the challenges and successes in implementing inclusive housing policies in the Spanish context. Our research highlights the importance of collaboration between policy makers, service providers and advocates to create a cohesive and effective approach. By fostering such collaboration, we aim to create a more inclusive and comprehensive strategy to address homelessness in Spain and possible affordable housing proposals for this vulnerable group. It´s only underscores the importance of tailored approaches but also contributes to the broader discourse on housing public policies' ability to address homelessness and foster integration. We suggest that a more comprehensive approach, considering the unique needs of immigrants and working in collaboration with professionals in the field, is essential for the development of effective strategies to combat homelessness and ensure the right to adequate housing for all. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing" title="housing">housing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homeless" title=" homeless"> homeless</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20policy" title=" public policy"> public policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Spain" title=" Spain"> Spain</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175569/residencial-inclusion-strategies-for-homeless-immigrants-the-case-of-spain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175569.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">76</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> Preventing Discharge to No Fixed Address-Youth (NFA-Y)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheryl%20Forchuk">Cheryl Forchuk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandra%20Fisman"> Sandra Fisman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Steve%20Cordes"> Steve Cordes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dan%20Catunto"> Dan Catunto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katherine%20Krakowski"> Katherine Krakowski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Melissa%0D%0AJeffrey"> Melissa Jeffrey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20D%E2%80%99Oria"> John D’Oria</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The discharge of youth aged 16-25 from hospital into homelessness is a prevalent issue despite research indicating social, safety, health and economic detriments on both the individual and community. Lack of stable housing for youth discharged into homelessness results in long-term consequences, including exacerbation of health problems and costly health care service use and hospital readmission. People experiencing homelessness are four times more likely to be readmitted within one month of discharge and hospitals must spend $2,559 more per client. Finding safe housing for these individuals is imperative to their recovery and transition back to the community. People discharged from hospital to homelessness experience challenges, including poor health outcomes and increased hospital readmissions. Youth are the fastest-growing subgroup of people experiencing homelessness in Canada. The needs of youth are unique and include supports related to education, employment opportunities, and age-related service barriers. This study aims to identify the needs of youth at risk of homelessness by evaluating the efficacy of the “Preventing Discharge to No Fixed Address – Youth” (NFA-Y) program, which aims to prevent youth from being discharged from hospital into homelessness. The program connects youth aged 16-25 who are inpatients at London Health Sciences Centre and St. Joseph’s Health Care London to housing and financial support. Supports are offered through collaboration with community partners: Youth Opportunities Unlimited, Canadian Mental Health Association Elgin Middlesex, City of London Coordinated Access, Ontario Works, and Salvation Army’s Housing Stability Bank. This study was reviewed and approved by Western University’s Research Ethics Board. A series of interviews are being conducted with approximately ninety-three youth participants at three time points: baseline (pre-discharge), six, and twelve months post-discharge. Focus groups with participants, health care providers, and community partners are being conducted at three-time points. In addition, administrative data from service providers will be collected and analyzed. Since homelessness has a detrimental effect on recovery, client and community safety, and healthcare expenditure, locating safe housing for psychiatric patients has had a positive impact on treatment, rehabilitation, and the system as a whole. If successful, the findings of this project will offer safe policy alternatives for the prevention of homelessness for at-risk youth, help set them up for success in their future years, and mitigate the rise of the homeless youth population in Canada. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=youth%20homelessness" title="youth homelessness">youth homelessness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=no-fixed%20address" title=" no-fixed address"> no-fixed address</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mental%20health" title=" mental health"> mental health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homelessness%20prevention" title=" homelessness prevention"> homelessness prevention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hospital%20discharge" title=" hospital discharge"> hospital discharge</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148430/preventing-discharge-to-no-fixed-address-youth-nfa-y" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148430.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">104</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> Exploring Causes of Homelessness and Shelter Entry: A Case Study Analysis of Shelter Data in New York</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lindsay%20Fink">Lindsay Fink</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarha%20Smith-Moyo"> Sarha Smith-Moyo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leanne%20W.%20Charlesworth"> Leanne W. Charlesworth</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, the number of individuals experiencing homelessness has increased in the United States. This paper analyzes 2019 data from 16 different emergency shelters in Monroe County, located in Upstate New York. The data were collected through the County’s Homeless Management Information System (HMIS), and individuals were de-identified and de-duplicated for analysis. The purpose of this study is to explore the basic characteristics of the homeless population in Monroe County, and the dynamics of shelter use. The results of this study showed gender as a significant factor when analyzing the relationship between demographic variables and recorded reasons for shelter entry. Results also indicated that age and ethnicity did not significantly influence odds of re-entering a shelter, but did significantly influence reasons for shelter entry. Overall, the most common recorded cause of shelter entry in 2019 in the examined county was eviction by primary tenant. Recommendations to better address recurrent shelter entry and potential chronic homelessness include more consideration for the diversity existing within the homeless population, and the dynamics leading to shelter stays, including enhanced funding and training for shelter staff, as well as expanded access to permanent supportive housing programs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20homelessness" title="chronic homelessness">chronic homelessness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homeless%20shelter%20stays" title=" homeless shelter stays"> homeless shelter stays</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=permanent%20supportive%20housing" title=" permanent supportive housing"> permanent supportive housing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shelter%20population%20dynamics" title=" shelter population dynamics"> shelter population dynamics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132424/exploring-causes-of-homelessness-and-shelter-entry-a-case-study-analysis-of-shelter-data-in-new-york" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132424.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> Utilizing Street Medicine to Reduce Communicable Disease Prevalence in a Cost-Effective Way</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bailey%20Hall">Bailey Hall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Athena%20Hoppe"> Athena Hoppe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tevyn%20Kagele"> Tevyn Kagele</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anna%20Nichols"> Anna Nichols</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Breeanna%20Messner"> Breeanna Messner</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Spokane Street Medicine (SSM) Program aims to deliver medical care to people experiencing homelessness in Spokane, Washington. Street medicine is designed to function in a non-traditional setting to help deliver healthcare to a largely underserved population. In this analysis, the SSM Program’s medical charts from street and shelter encounters in early 2021 were reviewed in order to identify illness and diseases in people experiencing homelessness in Spokane. More than half of the prescriptions written during these encounters were for either an antibacterial, an antibiotic, or an antifungal. Estimates of the cost to the local healthcare system are included. Initiating treatment for communicable diseases in people experiencing homelessness via street medicine efforts greatly reduces economic costs while improving health outcomes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethical%20issues%20in%20public%20health" title="ethical issues in public health">ethical issues in public health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equity%20issues%20in%20public%20health" title=" equity issues in public health"> equity issues in public health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20economics" title=" health economics"> health economics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20disparities" title=" health disparities"> health disparities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthcare%20costs" title=" healthcare costs"> healthcare costs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20public%20health" title=" medical public health"> medical public health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20health%20ethics" title=" public health ethics"> public health ethics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=street%20medicine" title=" street medicine"> street medicine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141600/utilizing-street-medicine-to-reduce-communicable-disease-prevalence-in-a-cost-effective-way" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141600.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">189</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> Housing First, Not Housing Only: The Life Skills Project</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Cumming">Sara Cumming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julianne%20DiSanto"> Julianne DiSanto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leah%20Burton"> Leah Burton</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Homelessness in Canada is a persistent problem. It has been widely argued that the best tactic for eradicating homelessness is to approach social issues from a Housing First perspective—an approach that centers on quickly moving people into permanent and independent housing and then providing them additional support and services as needed. It is recognized that life skills training is both necessary and an effective way to reduce cyclical homelessness; however, there is a scarcity of research on effective ways to teach life skills; this problem was exacerbated in a pandemic context, where in-person delivery was severely restricted or no longer possible. Very little attention has been paid to the diverse cultural needs of clients in a multicultural context and the need to foster cultural knowledge/awareness in individuals to successfully contribute to the cultural safety of communities. This research attempts to fill these gaps in the literature and in practice by employing a community-engaged research (CER) approach. Academic, government, funders, front-line staff, and clients at 15 not-for-profits from across the Greater Toronto Area in Ontario, Canada, collaborated to co-create a virtual, client-centric, equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) informed life skill learning management system. We employed a triangulation methodology for this research. An environmental scan was conducted for best practices. Two separate Creative Problem Solving Sessions were held with over 100 front-line workers, managers, and executive directors who work with homeless populations. Quantitative and open-ended surveys were completed by over 200 individuals with experience with homelessness. All sections of this research aimed to discover the areas of skills that individuals need to maintain housing and to ascertain what a more client-driven EDI approach to life skills training should include. This research will showcase which life skills are deemed essential for homeless and precariously housed individuals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homelessness" title="homelessness">homelessness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Housing%20First" title=" Housing First"> Housing First</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life%20skills" title=" life skills"> life skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20engaged%20research" title=" community engaged research"> community engaged research</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158162/housing-first-not-housing-only-the-life-skills-project" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158162.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">65</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> Homelessness and Disaster Mitigation: An Exploratory Study into How Casualties Can Be Reduced with the Homeless</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Blythe%20Maltby">Blythe Maltby</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Homeless populations are one of the sections of society most vulnerable to the effects of natural disasters. Channels of communication to these populations are limited as they lack access to mainstream modes of emergency notification, often being the last to know about state emergencies. This study aims to answer if there is a way that cities and policies be designed to help reduce casualty rates to the homeless during state emergencies, such as earthquake and tsunami preparations. The study used a qualitative research approach, namely by speaking to levels of government, homelessness charities and workers and others about preparations and their experiences with the response of state emergencies. The proposed paper may help countries identify the gaps in their preparations to help facilitate better resources to look after these vulnerable populations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accessibility" title="accessibility">accessibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disaster%20mitigation" title=" disaster mitigation"> disaster mitigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homeless" title=" homeless"> homeless</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vancouver" title=" Vancouver"> Vancouver</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51302/homelessness-and-disaster-mitigation-an-exploratory-study-into-how-casualties-can-be-reduced-with-the-homeless" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51302.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">223</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> Reviews of Chief Complaints and Treatments [in an Early Street Medicine Program]</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Hoppe">A. Hoppe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Kagele"> T. Kagele</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Hall"> B. Hall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Nichols"> A. Nichols</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Messner"> B. Messner</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Spokane Street Medicine (SSM) Program aims to deliver medical care to members of Spokane, Washington, experiencing homelessness. Street medicine is designed to function in a non-traditional setting to help deliver healthcare to the underserved homeless population. In this analysis, clinical charts from street and shelter encounters made by the Spokane Street Medicine Program in early 2021 were reviewed in order to better understand the healthcare inequities prevalent among people experiencing homelessness in Spokane, WA. Pain, wound-care, and follow-up efforts were predominant concerns among the homeless population. More than half of the conditions addressed were acute, and almost a quarter of all chief complaints involved chronic unmanaged conditions. This analysis gives reason for the priorities of the SSM Program to be focused on pain, wound-care, and follow-up efforts. Understanding the specific medical needs of this population will allow for better resource allocation and improved health outcomes among people experiencing homelessness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equity%20issues%20in%20public%20health" title="equity issues in public health">equity issues in public health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20disparities" title=" health disparities"> health disparities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20services%20accessibility" title=" health services accessibility"> health services accessibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20public%20health" title=" medical public health"> medical public health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=street%20medicine" title=" street medicine"> street medicine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141593/reviews-of-chief-complaints-and-treatments-in-an-early-street-medicine-program" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141593.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">190</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> The Life Skills Project: Client-Centered Approaches to Life Skills Acquisition for Homeless and At-Risk Populations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leah%20Burton">Leah Burton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Cumming"> Sara Cumming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julianne%20DiSanto"> Julianne DiSanto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Homelessness is a widespread and complex problem in Canada and around the globe. Many Canadians will face homelessness at least once in their lifetime, with several experiencing subsequent bouts or cyclical patterns of housing precarity. While a Housing First approach to homelessness is a long-standing and widely accepted best practice, it is also recognized that the acquisition of life skills is an effective way to reduce cycles of homelessness. Indeed, when individuals are provided with a range of life skills—such as (but not limited to) financial literacy, household management, interpersonal skills, critical thinking, and resource management—they are given the tools required to maintain long-term Housing for a lifetime; thus reducing a repetitive need for services. However, there is limited research regarding the best ways to teach life skills, a problem that has been further complicated in a post-pandemic world, where services are being delivered online or in a hybrid model of care. More than this, it is difficult to provide life skills on a large scale without losing a client-centered approach to services. This lack of client-centeredness is also seen in the lack of attention to culturally sensitive life skills, which consider the diverse needs of individuals and imbed equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) within the skills being taught. This study aims to fill these identified gaps in the literature by employing a community-engaged (CER) approach. Academic, government, funders, front-line staff, and clients at 15 not-for-profits from across the Greater Toronto Area in Ontario, Canada, collaborated to co-create a virtual, client-centric, EDI-informed life skill learning management system. A triangulation methodology was utilized for this research. An environmental scan was conducted for current best practices, and over 100 front-line staff (including workers, managers, and executive directors who work with homeless populations) participated in two separate Creative Problem Solving Sessions. Over 200 individuals with experience in homelessness completed quantitative and open-ended surveys. All sections of this research aimed to discover the areas of skills that individuals need to maintain Housing and to ascertain what a more client-driven EDI approach to life skills training should include. This presentation will showcase the findings on which life skills are deemed essential for homeless and precariously housed individuals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homelessness" title="homelessness">homelessness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20first" title=" housing first"> housing first</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life%20skills" title=" life skills"> life skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20engaged%20research" title=" community engaged research"> community engaged research</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=client-%20centered" title=" client- centered"> client- centered</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158299/the-life-skills-project-client-centered-approaches-to-life-skills-acquisition-for-homeless-and-at-risk-populations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158299.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">101</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> Making Permanent Supportive Housing Work for Vulnerable Populations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olayinka%20Ariba">Olayinka Ariba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abe%20Oudshoorn"> Abe Oudshoorn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Steve%20Rolfe"> Steve Rolfe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carrie%20Anne%20Marshall"> Carrie Anne Marshall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deanna%20Befus"> Deanna Befus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jason%20Gilliland"> Jason Gilliland</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miranda%20Crockett"> Miranda Crockett</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Susana%20Caxaj"> Susana Caxaj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarah%20McLean"> Sarah McLean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amy%20Van%20Berkum"> Amy Van Berkum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natasha%20Thuemler"> Natasha Thuemler</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Secure housing is a platform for health and well-being. Those who struggle with housing stability have complex life and health histories and often require some support services such as the provision of permanent supportive housing. Poor access to supportive resources creates an exacerbation of chronic homelessness, particularly affecting individuals who need immediate access to mental health and addiction supports. This paper presents the first phase of a three-part study examining how on-site support impacts housing stability for recently-re-housed persons. Method: This study utilized a community-based participatory research methodology. Twenty in-depth interviews were conducted with permanent supportive housing residents from a single-site dwelling. Interpretative description analysis was used to draw common themes and understand the experiences and challenges of housing support. Results: Three interconnected themes were identified: 1) Available and timely supports; 2) Affordability; and 3) Community, but with independence as desired. These interconnected components are helping residents transition from homelessness or long-term mental health inpatient care to live in the community. Despite some participant concerns about resident conflicts, staff availability, and affordability, this has been a welcome and successful move for most. Conclusion: Supportive housing is essential for successful tenancies as a platform for health and well-being among Canada’s most vulnerable and, from the perspective of persons recently re-housed, permanent supportive housing is a worthwhile investment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homelessness" title="homelessness">homelessness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supportive%20housing" title=" supportive housing"> supportive housing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rehoused" title=" rehoused"> rehoused</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20stability" title=" housing stability"> housing stability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148045/making-permanent-supportive-housing-work-for-vulnerable-populations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148045.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> The Impact of the Length of Time Spent on the Street on Adjustment to Homelessness</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jakub%20Marek">Jakub Marek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marie%20Vagnerova"> Marie Vagnerova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ladislav%20Csemy"> Ladislav Csemy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: The length of time spent on the street influences the degree of adjustment to homelessness. Over the years spent sleeping rough, homeless people gradually lose the ability to control their lives and their return to mainstream society becomes less and less likely. Goals: The aim of the study was to discover whether and how men who have been sleeping rough for more than ten years differ from those who have been homeless for four years or less. Methods: The research was based on a narrative analysis of in-depth interviews focused on the respondent’s entire life story, i.e. their childhood, adolescence, and the period of adulthood preceding homelessness. It also asked the respondents about how they envisaged the future. The group under examination comprised 51 homeless men aged 37 – 54. The first subgroup contained 29 men who have been sleeping rough for 10 – 21 years, the second group contained 22 men who have been homeless for four years or less. Results: Men who have been sleeping rough for more than ten years had problems adapting as children. They grew up in a problematic family or in an institution and acquired only a rudimentary education. From the start they had problems at work, found it difficult to apply themselves, and found it difficult to hold down a job. They tend to have high-risk personality traits and often a personality disorder. Early in life they had problems with alcohol or drugs and their relationships were unsuccessful. If they have children, they do not look after them. They are reckless even in respect of the law and often commit crime. They usually ended up on the street in their thirties. Most of this subgroup of homeless people lack motivation and the will to make any fundamental change to their lives. They identify with the homeless community and have no other contacts. Men who have been sleeping rough for four years or less form two subgroups. There are those who had a normal childhood, attended school and found work. They started a family but began to drink, and as a consequence lost their family and their job. Such men end up on the street between the ages of 35 and 40. And then there are men who become homeless after the age of 40 because of an inability to cope with a difficult situation, e.g. divorce or indebtedness. They are not substance abusers and do not have a criminal record. Such people can be offered effective assistance to return to mainstream society by the social services because they have not yet fully self-identified with the homeless community and most of them have retained the necessary abilities and skills. Conclusion: The length of time a person has been homeless is an important factor in respect of social prevention. It is clear that the longer a person is homeless, the worse are their chances of being reintegrated into mainstream society. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20factors" title="risk factors">risk factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homelessness" title=" homelessness"> homelessness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronicity" title=" chronicity"> chronicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=narrative%20analysis" title=" narrative analysis"> narrative analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94255/the-impact-of-the-length-of-time-spent-on-the-street-on-adjustment-to-homelessness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94255.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">172</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> Reducing the Stigma of Homelessness through Community Engagement and Reciprocity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jessica%20Federman">Jessica Federman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The current research offers a longitudinal and qualitative study design to examine how reciprocity improves relations between the homeless and various stakeholders within a community. The study examines a homeless shelter that sought to establish a facility within a community of Los Angeles, that was initially met with strong resistance and opposition from a variety of organizations due to deeply entrenched views about the negative impact of having homeless individuals within the community. The project tested an intervention model that targets the reduction of stigmatization of homeless individuals and promotes synergistic exchanges between conflicted organizational entities in communities. Years later, the data show that there has been a remarkable reversal in the perception of the agency by the very forces that initially prevented it from being established. This reversal was achieved by a few key strategic decisions. Community engagement was the first step toward changing people’s minds and demonstrating how the homeless shelter was helping to alleviate the problem of homelessness instead of contributing to it. Central to the non-profit’s success was the agency’s pioneering formulation of a treatment model known as, Reciprocal Community Engagement Model (RCEM). The model works by reintegrating the homeless back into society through relationship building within a network of programs that foster positive human connections. This approach aims to draw the homeless out of the debilitating isolation of their situation, reintegrate them through purposeful roles in the community while simultaneously providing a reciprocal benefit to the community at large. Through multilevel, simultaneous social interaction, RCEM has a direct impact not only on the homeless shelter’s clients but also for the community as well. The agency’s approach of RCEM led to their homeless clients getting out of the shelter and getting to work in the community directly alongside other community volunteers and for the benefit of other city and community organizations. This led to several opportunities for community members and residents to interact in meaningful ways. Through each successive exposure, the resident and community members’ distrust in one another was gradually eased and a mutually supportive relationship restored. In this process, the community member becomes the locus of change as much as the residents of the shelter. Measurements of community trust and resilience increased while negative perceptions of homeless people decreased. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stigma" title="stigma">stigma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homelessness" title=" homelessness"> homelessness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reciprocity" title=" reciprocity"> reciprocity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=identity" title=" identity"> identity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109505/reducing-the-stigma-of-homelessness-through-community-engagement-and-reciprocity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109505.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">183</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> Communal Shipping Container Home Design for Reducing Homelessness in Glasgow</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matthew%20Brady">Matthew Brady</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lack of affordable housing for individuals has the potential to create gaps in society, which result in thousands of people facing homelessness every year in some of the worlds most affluent cities. This paper examines strategies for providing a more economic living environment for single occupants. Focusing on comparisons of successful examples reducing homeless populations around the world, with an emphasis on social inclusion and community living. Practically exploring the architectural considerations of ensuring a suitable living environment for multiple single occupancy residents, as well as selecting the appropriate materials to ensure costs are kept to manageable level for investment from local governments. The aim of this paper is to make some practical recommendations for low cost communal living space, with particular reference to recycled shipping container homes on a potential unused site on the River Clyde in Glasgow. Ideally, the suggestions and recommendations put forward in this paper can be replicable or used for reference in other similar situations. The proposal explored in this paper is sensitive towards addressing people's standard of living and adapting homes to match may be one solution to reducing the number of people being evicted from unaffordable homes as the generally upward global trend for urbanization continues. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=affordable%20housing" title="affordable housing">affordable housing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20living" title=" community living"> community living</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shipping%20container" title=" shipping container"> shipping container</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20regeneration" title=" urban regeneration"> urban regeneration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94274/communal-shipping-container-home-design-for-reducing-homelessness-in-glasgow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94274.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">183</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Digital Interventions for Older People Experiencing Homelessness (OPEH): A Systematic Scoping Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emily%20Adams">Emily Adams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eddie%20Donaghy"> Eddie Donaghy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Henderson"> David Henderson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lauren%20Ng"> Lauren Ng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caroline%20Sanders"> Caroline Sanders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rowena%20Stewart"> Rowena Stewart</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Wolters"> Maria Wolters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stewart%20Mercer"> Stewart Mercer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ongoing review abstract: Older People Experiencing Homelessness (OPEH) can have mental and physical indicators of aging 10–20 years earlier than the general population and experience premature mortality due to age-related chronic conditions. Emerging literature suggests digital interventions could positively impact PEH’s well-being. However, the increased reliance on digital delivery may also perpetuate digital inequalities for socially excluded groups, including PEH. The potential triple disadvantage of being older, homeless, and digitally excluded creates a uniquely problematic situation that warrants further research. This scoping review aims to investigate and synthesise the range and type of digital interventions available to OPEH and the organisations that support OPEH. The following databases were searched on 28th July 2023: Medline, Scopus, International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)‎, Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)‎, Association for Computing Machinery Digital Library (ACMDL) and Policy commons. A search strategy was developed in collaboration with an academic librarian. The presentation will include: An introduction to OPEH and digital exclusion Overview of the results of this review: OPEH usage of digital platforms Current digital interventions available The role of support organisations Current gaps in the evidence, future research and recommendations for policy and practice <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homeless" title="homeless">homeless</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20exclusion" title=" digital exclusion"> digital exclusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aging" title=" aging"> aging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology" title=" technology"> technology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171830/digital-interventions-for-older-people-experiencing-homelessness-opeh-a-systematic-scoping-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171830.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">79</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> Global Learning Supports Global Readiness with Projects with Purpose</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brian%20Bilich">Brian Bilich</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A typical global learning program is a two-week project based, culturally immersive and academically relevant experience built around a project with purpose and catered to student and business groups. Global Learning in Continuing Education at Austin Community College promotes global readiness through projects with purpose with special attention given to balancing learning, hospitality and travel. A recent project involved CommunityFirst! Village; a 51-acre planned community which provides affordable, permanent housing for men and women coming out of chronic homelessness. Global Learning students collaborated with residents and staff at the Community First! Village on a project to produce two-dimensional remodeling plans of residents’ tiny homes with a focus on but not limited to design improvements on elements related to accessibility, increased usability of living and storage space and esthetic upgrades to boost psychological and emotional appeal. The goal of project-based learning in the context of global learning in Continuing Educaiton at Austin Community Collegen general is two fold. One, in rapid fashion we develop a project which gives the learner a hands-on opportunity to exercise soft and technical skills, like creativity and communication and analytical thinking. Two, by basing projects on global social conflict issues, the project of purpose promotes the development of empathy for other people and fosters a sense of corporate social responsibility in future generations of business leadership. In the example provide above the project informed the student group on the topic of chronic homelessness and promoted awareness and empathy for this underserved segment of the community. Project-based global learning based on projects with purpose has the potential to cultivate global readiness by developing empathy and strengthening emotional intelligence for future generations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=project-based%20learning" title="project-based learning">project-based learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20learning" title=" global learning"> global learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20readiness" title=" global readiness"> global readiness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=globalization" title=" globalization"> globalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20exchange" title=" international exchange"> international exchange</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collaboration" title=" collaboration"> collaboration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175797/global-learning-supports-global-readiness-with-projects-with-purpose" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175797.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">65</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Cross-Sectional Study Investigating the Prevalence of Uncorrected Refractive Error and Visual Acuity through Mobile Vision Screening in the Homeless in Wales</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakinee%20Pooprasert">Pakinee Pooprasert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wanxin%20Wang"> Wanxin Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tina%20Parmar"> Tina Parmar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dana%20Ahnood"> Dana Ahnood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tafadzwa%20Young-Zvandasara"> Tafadzwa Young-Zvandasara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20Morgan"> James Morgan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Homelessness has been shown to be correlated to poor health outcomes, including increased visual health morbidity. Despite this, there are relatively few studies regarding visual health in the homeless population, especially in the UK. This research aims to investigate visual disability and access barriers prevalent in the homeless population in Cardiff, South Wales. Data was collected from 100 homeless participants in three different shelters. Visual outcomes included near and distance visual acuity as well as non-cycloplegic refraction. Qualitative data was collected via a questionnaire and included socio-demographic profile, ocular history, subjective visual acuity and level of access to healthcare facilities. Based on the participants’ presenting visual acuity, the total prevalence of myopia and hyperopia was 17.0% and 19.0% respectively based on spherical equivalent from the eye with the greatest absolute value. The prevalence of astigmatism was 8.0%. The mean absolute spherical equivalent was 0.841D and 0.853D for right and left eye respectively. The number of participants with sight loss (as defined by VA= 6/12-6/60 in the better-seeing eye) was 27.0% in comparison to 0.89% and 1.1% in the general Cardiff and Wales population respectively (p-value is < 0.05). Additionally, 1.0% of the homeless subjects were registered blind (VA less than 3/60), in comparison to 0.17% for the national consensus after age standardization. Most participants had good knowledge regarding access to prescription glasses and eye examination services. Despite this, 85.0% never had their eyes examined by a doctor and 73.0% had their last optometrist appointment in more than 5 years. These findings suggested that there was a significant disparity in ocular health, including visual acuity and refractive error amongst the homeless in comparison to the general population. Further, the homeless were less likely to receive the same level of support and continued care in the community due to access barriers. These included a number of socio-economic factors such as travel expenses and regional availability of services, as well as administrative shortcomings. In conclusion, this research demonstrated unmet visual health needs within the homeless, and that inclusive policy changes may need to be implemented for better healthcare outcomes within this marginalized community. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homelessness" title="homelessness">homelessness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=refractive%20error" title=" refractive error"> refractive error</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visual%20disability" title=" visual disability"> visual disability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wales" title=" Wales"> Wales</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112662/cross-sectional-study-investigating-the-prevalence-of-uncorrected-refractive-error-and-visual-acuity-through-mobile-vision-screening-in-the-homeless-in-wales" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112662.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">172</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Homeless Population Modeling and Trend Prediction Through Identifying Key Factors and Machine Learning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shayla%20He">Shayla He</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and Purpose: According to Chamie (2017), it’s estimated that no less than 150 million people, or about 2 percent of the world’s population, are homeless. The homeless population in the United States has grown rapidly in the past four decades. In New York City, the sheltered homeless population has increased from 12,830 in 1983 to 62,679 in 2020. Knowing the trend on the homeless population is crucial at helping the states and the cities make affordable housing plans, and other community service plans ahead of time to better prepare for the situation. This study utilized the data from New York City, examined the key factors associated with the homelessness, and developed systematic modeling to predict homeless populations of the future. Using the best model developed, named HP-RNN, an analysis on the homeless population change during the months of 2020 and 2021, which were impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, was conducted. Moreover, HP-RNN was tested on the data from Seattle. Methods: The methodology involves four phases in developing robust prediction methods. Phase 1 gathered and analyzed raw data of homeless population and demographic conditions from five urban centers. Phase 2 identified the key factors that contribute to the rate of homelessness. In Phase 3, three models were built using Linear Regression, Random Forest, and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), respectively, to predict the future trend of society's homeless population. Each model was trained and tuned based on the dataset from New York City for its accuracy measured by Mean Squared Error (MSE). In Phase 4, the final phase, the best model from Phase 3 was evaluated using the data from Seattle that was not part of the model training and tuning process in Phase 3. Results: Compared to the Linear Regression based model used by HUD et al (2019), HP-RNN significantly improved the prediction metrics of Coefficient of Determination (R2) from -11.73 to 0.88 and MSE by 99%. HP-RNN was then validated on the data from Seattle, WA, which showed a peak %error of 14.5% between the actual and the predicted count. Finally, the modeling results were collected to predict the trend during the COVID-19 pandemic. It shows a good correlation between the actual and the predicted homeless population, with the peak %error less than 8.6%. Conclusions and Implications: This work is the first work to apply RNN to model the time series of the homeless related data. The Model shows a close correlation between the actual and the predicted homeless population. There are two major implications of this result. First, the model can be used to predict the homeless population for the next several years, and the prediction can help the states and the cities plan ahead on affordable housing allocation and other community service to better prepare for the future. Moreover, this prediction can serve as a reference to policy makers and legislators as they seek to make changes that may impact the factors closely associated with the future homeless population trend. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homeless" title="homeless">homeless</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prediction" title=" prediction"> prediction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model" title=" model"> model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RNN" title=" RNN"> RNN</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149155/homeless-population-modeling-and-trend-prediction-through-identifying-key-factors-and-machine-learning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149155.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">121</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> An Approach to Addressing Homelessness in Hong Kong: Life Story Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tak%20Mau%20Simon%20%20Chan">Tak Mau Simon Chan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ying%20Chuen%20Lance%20Chan"> Ying Chuen Lance Chan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Homelessness has been a popular and controversial debate in Hong Kong, a city which is densely populated and well-known for very expensive housing. The constitution of the homeless as threats to the community and environmental hygiene is ambiguous and debatable in the Hong Kong context. The lack of an intervention model is the critical research gap thus far, aside from the tangible services delivered. The life story approach (LSA), with its unique humanistic orientation, has been well applied in recent decades to depict the needs of various target groups, but not the homeless. It is argued that the life story approach (LSA), which has been employed by health professionals in the landscape of dementia, and health and social care settings, can be used as a reference in the local Chinese context through indigenization. This study, therefore, captures the viewpoints of service providers and users by constructing an indigenous intervention model that refers to the LSA in serving the chronically homeless. By informing 13 social workers and 27 homeless individuals in 8 focus groups whilst 12 homeless individuals have participated in individual in-depth interviews, a framework of LSA in homeless people is proposed. Through thematic analysis, three main themes of their life stories was generated, namely, the family, negative experiences and identity transformation. The three domains solidified framework that not only can be applied to the homeless, but also other disadvantaged groups in the Chinese context. Based on the three domains of family, negative experiences and identity transformation, the model is applied in the daily practices of social workers who help the homeless. The domain of family encompasses familial relationships from the past to the present to the speculated future with ten sub-themes. The domain of negative experiences includes seven sub-themes, with reference to the deviant behavior committed. The last domain, identity transformation, incorporates the awareness and redefining of one’s identity and there are a total of seven sub-themes. The first two domains are important components of personal histories while the third is more of an unknown, exploratory and yet to-be-redefined territory which has a more positive and constructive orientation towards developing one’s identity and life meaning. The longitudinal temporal dimension of moving from the past – present - future enriches the meaning making process, facilitates the integration of life experiences and maintains a more hopeful dialogue. The model is tested and its effectiveness is measured by using qualitative and quantitative methods to affirm the extent that it is relevant to the local context. First, it contributes to providing a clear guideline for social workers who can use the approach as a reference source. Secondly, the framework acts as a new intervention means to address problem saturated stories and the intangible needs of the homeless. Thirdly, the model extends the application to beyond health related issues. Last but not least, the model is highly relevant to the local indigenous context. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homeless" title="homeless">homeless</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indigenous%20intervention" title=" indigenous intervention"> indigenous intervention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life%20story%20approach" title=" life story approach"> life story approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20work%20practice" title=" social work practice"> social work practice</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65296/an-approach-to-addressing-homelessness-in-hong-kong-life-story-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65296.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">296</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Supporting Homeless People in Red Deer, Canada</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cornelius%20Ehlers">Cornelius Ehlers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lisa%20Harmatiuk"> Lisa Harmatiuk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sharon%20Rowland"> Sharon Rowland</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michelle%20Shafers"> Michelle Shafers</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of the Street Connect program is to provide client-centered care for the homeless population within the City of Red Deer. The program aims to provide an extended continuum of care (addiction, mental health, and physical health) for high acuity homeless individuals who are not connected to a service provider and/or community service agency. Street Connect includes both primary and secondary streams of service: Overall, Street Connect has demonstrated its ability to support vulnerable populations within the City of Red Deer, specifically those who are homeless and seeking addiction, mental health, and medical assistance. The results from the data extract and chart audit reflect the complexity and vulnerability of the clients enrolled in the Street Connect program. The clients were predominantly male, with an average age of 41 years. The majority did not have a permanent address, and 65% did not have employment. Substance abuse/addiction issues were common, combined with a history of psychiatric diagnoses and previous mental health hospitalizations. The most utilized drugs were street drugs such as methamphetamine, fentanyl, and other opioids. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=client-centred%20care" title="client-centred care">client-centred care</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homelessness" title=" homelessness"> homelessness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mental%20health" title=" mental health"> mental health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural" title=" rural"> rural</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152714/supporting-homeless-people-in-red-deer-canada" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152714.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">93</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Application of Container Technique to High-Risk Children: Its Effect on Their Levels of Stress, Anxiety and Depression</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nguyen%20Thi%20Loan">Nguyen Thi Loan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phan%20Ngoc%20Thanh%20Tra"> Phan Ngoc Thanh Tra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Container is one of the techniques used in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EDMR) Therapy. This paper presents the positive results of applying Container technique to “high risk children”. The sample for this research is composed of 60 “high risk children” whose ages range from 11 to 18 years old, housed in Ho Chi Minh City Youth Center. They have been under the program of the Worldwide Orphans Foundation since August 2015 for various reasons such as, loss of parents, anti-social behaviors, homelessness, child labor among others. These “high risk children” are under high levels of stress, anxiety and depression. The subjects were divided into two groups: the control and the experimental with 30 members each. The experimental group was applied Container Technique and the instruments used to measure their levels of stress, anxiety, and depression are DASS-42 and ASEBA. Results show that after applying the Container Technique to the experimental group, there are significant differences between the two groups’ levels of stress, anxiety and depression. The experimental group’s levels of stress, anxiety and depression decreased significantly. The results serve as a basis for the researchers to make an appeal to psychologists to apply Container Technique in doing psychological treatment in a suitable context. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anxiety" title="anxiety">anxiety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=depression" title=" depression"> depression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=container%20technique" title=" container technique"> container technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EMDR" title=" EMDR"> EMDR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68824/application-of-container-technique-to-high-risk-children-its-effect-on-their-levels-of-stress-anxiety-and-depression" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68824.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">297</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> How Do Housing Market and Mortgage Solve the Housing Problem in Russian Regions?</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liudmila%20A.Guzikova">Liudmila A.Guzikova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Being federative state Russia includes more than 80 subjects which are widely diverse by climatic conditions, demographic characteristics, cultural traditions, intensity of migration, economic development and investment attraction and other parameters. Now, in the regions of the country all forms of housing problem are present - housing mismatch to sanitary and hygienic standards, overcrowding, forced residence in financially burdensome housing, homelessness, -although the extent of these symptoms varies widely. Heterogeneity of regional conditions in combination with specifics of regional housing situation requires to concentrate the study of housing problem on the regional level. Traditionally housing market and mortgage are considered as the instruments of housing problem solving. The question arises how the housing market and mortgage market contribute to solving the housing problem in the regions of Russia. Though the purchase of dwelling in ownership should not be regarded as a universal method of the housing problem solving, the purchase of dwelling both by own funds or by use of mortgage can reduce the problem and enhance public satisfaction of living conditions. The aim of the study is to identify differences and similarities in the development of regional housing markets and mortgage lending in the regions of Russia and to evaluate their impact on the status of the housing problem. To achieve the aim of the study the methods of correlation and regression analysis are used. The data of federal statistics constitutes the information base of research. The results of the study contribute to better understanding of the interrelations in housing sphere and can be used to work out social and economic development programs in the regions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20market" title="housing market">housing market</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20problem" title=" housing problem"> housing problem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mortgage" title=" mortgage"> mortgage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regional%20economy" title=" regional economy"> regional economy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43567/how-do-housing-market-and-mortgage-solve-the-housing-problem-in-russian-regions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43567.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">377</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> An Interior Design Project Interventions about Changing Student Beliefs about Poverty, Homelessness, and Community Service</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Derambakhsh">Alireza Derambakhsh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The reason for this study was to inspect undergraduate interior design student state of mind toward destitution, vagrancy, and group administration. An auxiliary intention was to figure out whether introduction to plan ventures for the individuals who have encountered hardship would change student convictions. All first year recruits (n = 18), sophomore (n = 26), junior (n = 17), and senior (n = 25) interior design undergraduate students at a public university completed a questionnaire in light of a few current scales. Amid the semester, the sophomores dealt with assignments that were intended to provide exposure to different socio-economic groups. Students finished three projects. Initially, the outline of a makeshift destitute asylum. Second, a re-model of a childcare focus office and gathering region that gives administrations to low-salary families, and third, the outline of a low-wage, private home. In these ventures, students were obliged to direct broad data assembling so they could better comprehend the issues connected with destitution. Toward the end of the semester, the sophomores finished the survey again and were asked extra inquiries in regards to the class and projects. Students’ sentiments towards the poor were more individualistic when contrasted with the white collar class, yet when the working class correlation was uprooted, some of their mentality gave a more unpredictable comprehension of destitution and vagrancy. The semester-long intercession fundamentally moved students' understanding that underscored auxiliary and multifaceted reason. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interior%20design" title="interior design">interior design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=destitution" title=" destitution"> destitution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vagrancy" title=" vagrancy"> vagrancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=group%20administration" title=" group administration"> group administration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33672/an-interior-design-project-interventions-about-changing-student-beliefs-about-poverty-homelessness-and-community-service" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33672.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">431</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Cost Reduction Techniques for Provision of Shelter to Homeless</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mukul%20Anand">Mukul Anand</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Quality oriented affordable shelter for all has always been the key issue in the housing sector of our country. Homelessness is the acute form of housing need. It is a paradox that in spite of innumerable government initiated programmes for affordable housing, certain section of society is still devoid of shelter. About nineteen million (18.78 million) households grapple with housing shortage in Urban India in 2012. In Indian scenario there is major mismatch between the people for whom the houses are being built and those who need them. The prime force faced by public authorities in facilitation of quality housing for all is high cost of construction. The present paper will comprehend executable techniques for dilution of cost factor in housing the homeless. The key actors responsible for delivery of cheap housing stock such as capacity building, resource optimization, innovative low cost building material and indigenous skeleton housing system will also be incorporated in developing these techniques. Time performance, which is an important angle of above actors, will also be explored so as to increase the effectiveness of low cost housing. Along with this best practices will be taken up as case studies where both conventional techniques of housing and innovative low cost housing techniques would be cited. Transportation consists of approximately 30% of total construction budget. Thus use of alternative local solutions depending upon the region would be covered so as to highlight major components of low cost housing. Government is laid back regarding base line information on use of innovative low cost method and technique of resource optimization. Therefore, the paper would be an attempt to bring to light simpler solutions for achieving low cost housing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction" title="construction">construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost" title=" cost"> cost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing" title=" housing"> housing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shelter" title=" shelter"> shelter</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29179/cost-reduction-techniques-for-provision-of-shelter-to-homeless" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29179.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">445</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Providing Support for Minority LGBTQ Students: Developing a Queer Studies Course</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karen%20Butler">Karen Butler</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The LGBTQ youth of color face stigma related to both race and gender identity. Effectively dealing with racial/ethnic discrimination requires strong connections to family and one’s racial/ethnic group. However, LGBTQ youth of color seldom receive support from family, peer groups or church groups. Moreover, ethnic communities often perceive LGBTQ identities as a rejection of ethnic heritage. Thus, stigma places these young people at greater risk for substance use, violence, risky sexual behaviors, suicide, and homelessness. Offering a Queer Studies (QS) class is one way to facilitate a safer and more inclusive environment for LGBTQ students, faculty and staff. The discipline of Queer Studies encompasses theories and thinkers from numerous fields: cultural studies, gay and lesbian studies, race studies, women's studies, media, postmodernism, post-colonialism, psychoanalysis and more. We began our course development by researching existing programs and classes. Several course syllabi were examined and course materials such as readings, videos, and guest speakers were assessed for possible inclusion. We also employed informal survey methods with students and faculty in order to gauge interest in the course. We then developed a sample course syllabus and began the process of new course approval. Feedback thus far indicates that students of various sexual orientations and gender identities are interested in the course and understand the need to offer it; faculty in Psychology, Social Work, and Interdisciplinary Studies are interested in cross-listing the course; library staff is willing to assist with course material acquisition, and the administration is supportive. The purpose of this session is to 1) explore the various health and wellness issues facing LGBTQ students of color and 2) share our experience of developing a QS course in health education in order to address these needs. This process, from initial recognition of the need to a course offering, will be described and discussed in the hopes that participants will increase their awareness of the issues. A QS course would be an appropriate requirement for any number of majors as well as an elective for any major. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=black%20colleges" title="black colleges">black colleges</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20education" title=" health education"> health education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LGBTQ" title=" LGBTQ"> LGBTQ</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=queer%20studies" title=" queer studies"> queer studies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89009/providing-support-for-minority-lgbtq-students-developing-a-queer-studies-course" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89009.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Feasibility and Impact of the Community Based Supportive Housing Intervention for Individuals with Chronic Mental Illness in Bangladesh</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rubina%20Jahan">Rubina Jahan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Zayeed%20Bin%20Alam"> Mohammad Zayeed Bin Alam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Razia%20Sultana"> Razia Sultana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md.%20Faroque%20Miah"> Md. Faroque Miah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mental health remains a significant global public health challenge, profoundly affecting millions worldwide. In Bangladesh, the situation is dire, with the National Mental Health Survey 2018-19 indicating that 19% of adults suffer from any kind of mental disorders, including severe mental disorder of around 2%. Despite these high prevalence rates, there is a substantial treatment gap in low- and middle-income countries, including Bangladesh, where up to 92% of individuals with mental illnesses do not receive adequate care. This gap is exacerbated by social barriers such as stigma, discrimination, social exclusion, poverty, homelessness, and human rights violations. To address these challenges, the SAJIDA Foundation launched the Proshanti in November 2022. Proshanti is a community based supportive housing intervention designed to provide cost-effective, sustainable, long-term care for individuals with chronic mental illnesses. It aims to rehabilitate participants by improving their mental health, quality of life, and equipping them with skills necessary for independent living and social mobility. Currently, Proshanti operates seven houses in Manikganj and Habiganj districts of Bangladesh, accommodating up to 40 individuals. Over a two-year period, individuals have received personalized support from trained personal assistants and care coordinators, regular health checkups, and opportunities for vocational training and community engagement. In this presentation, we will present the outcome of such intervention on individual’s functionality, quality of life and psychological health generated from 24 months of journey. Additionally, a qualitative approach will be employed to understand the facilitators and barriers of program implementation. The Proshanti program represents a promising model for addressing the significant mental health treatment gap in Bangladesh at the community level. Our findings will provide crucial insights into the program's feasibility, effectiveness, and the factors influencing its implementation, potentially guiding future mental health interventions in similar contexts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mental%20health" title="mental health">mental health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20based%20supportive%20housing" title=" community based supportive housing"> community based supportive housing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=treatment%20gap" title=" treatment gap"> treatment gap</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bangladesh" title=" bangladesh"> bangladesh</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186906/feasibility-and-impact-of-the-community-based-supportive-housing-intervention-for-individuals-with-chronic-mental-illness-in-bangladesh" class="btn 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