CINXE.COM

Technology transfer

<!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> <head> <!-- <base tal:attributes="href python:request['URL1']"> //--> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="keywords" content=""> <meta name="description" content="Even in the construction phase, European XFEL stimulated the development of some high-technology industrial sectors in the participating countries. To achieve the demanding performance indispensable for the European XFEL, the fabrication of many components required all the sophisticated know-how of the contributing research labs; on the other hand, these components need to be produced in large series by industry."> <meta name="author" content=""> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>Technology transfer</title> <link rel="home" href="https://www.xfel.eu/index_eng.html" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.xfel.eu/zmi_css_defaults" /> <!--link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//fast.fonts.net/cssapi/cbc500eb-832f-49b2-8dac-a61f1e60dd1a.css"/--> <link href="https://www.xfel.eu/common/local_css/xfel.min.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" /> <link href="https://www.xfel.eu/common/local_css/xfel.custom.min.css?q" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" /> <link href="https://www.xfel.eu/theme_xfel/common/added/web.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="https://www.xfel.eu/common/img/favicons/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://www.xfel.eu/common/img/favicons/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://www.xfel.eu/common/img/favicons/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16"> <link rel="manifest" href="https://www.xfel.eu/common/img/favicons/manifest.json"> <link rel="mask-icon" href="https://www.xfel.eu/common/img/favicons/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#5bbad5"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <script type="text/javascript"> //js-detection document.documentElement.className = document.documentElement.className.replace(/\bno-js\b/, 'js'); //touch-detection function is_touch_device() { return (('ontouchstart' in window) || (navigator.MaxTouchPoints > 0) || (navigator.msMaxTouchPoints > 0)); } if (is_touch_device()) { document.documentElement.className = document.documentElement.className +" is-touch"; } // svg-iconset window.APP = { // baseUrl: '//www.xfel.eu/', svgSpriteUrl: '//www.xfel.eu/common/img/sprite/project.svg' }; // Picture element HTML5 shiv document.createElement('picture'); </script> <script src="https://www.xfel.eu/common/js/head-bundle.min.js"></script> </head> <body class="bodyweb" data-lang="eng" data-path="https://www.xfel.eu/e35177/e41825"> <header class="xfel-header xfel-header--js"> <div class="xfel-header__content"> <nav class="xfel-header-meta xfel-typography--header-meta"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/visitors/index_eng.html" class="xfel-header-meta__link">Visitors</a> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/contacts/index_eng.html" class="xfel-header-meta__link">Contacts</a> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/careers/index_eng.html" class="xfel-header-meta__link">Careers</a> <a href="https://in.xfel.eu/upex" class="xfel-header-meta__link upex" target="_blank">UPEX</a> <span class="xfel-header-meta__languages"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/technology_transfer/index_eng.html" class="xfel-header-meta__link xfel-header-meta__link--is-selected">EN</a> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/forschung/technologietransfer/index_ger.html" class="xfel-header-meta__link">DE</a> </span> <span class="xfel-header-meta__search xfel-header-meta__search--js"> <svg width="21px" height="22px" viewbox="0 0 21 22"> <use xlink:href="#icon-search"></use> </svg> </span> </nav> <ul class="xfel-header-navigation xfel-typography--header-navigation"> <li id="xfel-header-navigation__magicline" class="xfel-header-navigation__magicline--js"></li> <li class="xfel-header-navigation__logo"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/index_eng.html" class="xfel-header-navigation__logo-link"> <svg class="xfel-header-navigation__logo-svg" width="100px" height="100px" viewbox="0 0 100 100"> <use xlink:href="#icon-logo-xfel"></use> </svg> </a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-navigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-navigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/index_eng.html" id="e35165"><span>Facility</span></a> <ul class="xfel-custom-navbar"> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/overview/index_eng.html">Overview</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/operation/index_eng.html">Operation</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/accelerator/index_eng.html">Accelerator</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/beamlines/index_eng.html">Beamlines</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/index_eng.html">Instruments</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/user_laboratories/index_eng.html">User Laboratories</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/safety_and_environment/index_eng.html">Safety and Environment</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/comparison/index_eng.html">Comparison</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/virtual_tour/index_eng.html">Virtual Tour</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-header-navigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-navigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/index_eng.html" id="e35152"><span>Organization</span></a> <ul class="xfel-custom-navbar"> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/mission/index_eng.html">Mission</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/company/index_eng.html">Company</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/leadership/council/index_eng.html">Leadership</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/partner_countries/index_eng.html">Partner countries</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/cooperation/index_eng.html">Cooperation</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/staff_members/index_eng.html">Staff members</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/index_eng.html">Scientific and Technical groups</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/industrial_liaison/index_eng.html">Industrial Liaison</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/procurement/index_eng.html">Procurement</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-header-navigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-navigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/index_eng.html" id="e35177"><span>Science</span></a> <ul class="xfel-custom-navbar"> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/scope/index_eng.html">Scope</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/health_and_biology/index_eng.html">Health and biology</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/energy/index_eng.html">Energy</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/water/index_eng.html">Water</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/catalytic_processes/index_eng.html">Catalytic processes</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/information_technology/index_eng.html">Information technology</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/technology_transfer/index_eng.html">Technology transfer</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/publications/index_eng.html">Publications</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-header-navigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-navigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/index_eng.html" id="e35178"><span>News and Events</span></a> <ul class="xfel-custom-navbar"> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/news/index_eng.html">News</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/events/index_eng.html">Events</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/communication/index_eng.html">Communication</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/media_database/index_eng.html">Media database</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/in_the_news/index_eng.html">In the news</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/flyers_and_brochures/index_eng.html">Flyers and brochures</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/corporate_design/index_eng.html">Corporate design</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/arts_projects/index_eng.html">Arts Projects</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-header-navigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-navigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/index_eng.html"><span class="xfel-button xfel-button--secondary" data-text="Users"><span>Users</span></span></a> <ul class="xfel-custom-navbar"> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/covid_19_user_operation/index_eng.html">User Campus Access</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/beamtime/index_eng.html">Beamtime</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_safety/index_eng.html">User safety</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_guide/index_eng.html">User guide</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/guest_house/index_eng.html">Guest House</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/policies/index_eng.html">Policies</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_office/index_eng.html">User office</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_events/index_eng.html">User events</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_organization/index_eng.html">User Organization</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/industrial_users/index_eng.html">Industrial users</a> </li> <li class="xfel-header-subnavigation__item"> <a class="xfel-header-subnavigation__link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/quick_links/index_eng.html">Quick Links</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-header-controls xfel-header-controls--js"> <span class="xfel-header-controls__search"> <svg width="21px" height="22px" viewbox="0 0 21 22"> <use xlink:href="#icon-search"></use> </svg> </span> <span class="xfel-header-controls__drawer"> <span class="xfel-header-controls__drawer-icon"> <span></span> <span></span> <span></span> </span> <span class="xfel-header-controls__drawer-label" data-toggle="CLOSE">MENU</span> </span> </li> </ul> </div> </header> <div class="xfel-drawer__wrapper"> <div class="xfel-search xfel-search--js"> <div class="xfel-search__container"> <form action="https://www.xfel.eu/search/index_eng.html" method="GET"> <div class="field field--input-button" role="group"> <div class="xfel-textfield xfel-textfield--no-margin-bottom xfel-textfield--js"> <input name="q" class="xfel-textfield__input" type="search" placeholder="Enter a search term"> </div> <button class="xfel-button" type="submit" data-text="SEARCH"> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <input type="hidden" name="task" value="search" /> <input type="hidden" name="cx" value="002269522213088190445:xsqg-bq5-dy" /> </form> </div> </div> <div class="xfel-drawer xfel-drawer--js"> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-drawer-navigation--level-0 xfel-typography--drawer"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <div>Facility</div> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-drawer-navigation--level-1 xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/overview/index_eng.html">Overview</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-drawer-navigation--level-2 xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/overview/how_it_works/index_eng.html">How it works</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/overview/facts_amp_figures/index_eng.html">Facts &amp; Figures</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/overview/construction/index_eng.html">Construction</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/overview/construction/overview/index_eng.html">Overview</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/overview/construction/timeline/index_eng.html">Timeline</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/overview/construction/in_kind_contributions/index_eng.html">In-kind contributions</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/overview/desy/index_eng.html">DESY</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/operation/index_eng.html">Operation</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/accelerator/index_eng.html">Accelerator</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/beamlines/index_eng.html">Beamlines</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/index_eng.html">Instruments</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-drawer-navigation--level-2 xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/fxe/index_eng.html">FXE</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/fxe/science_programme/index_eng.html">Science Programme</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/fxe/instrument_design/index_eng.html">Instrument design</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/fxe/group_members/index_eng.html">Group members</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/fxe/publications/index_eng.html">Publications</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/hed/index_eng.html">HED</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/hed/instrument_capabilities___call_for_proposals/index_eng.html">Instrument Capabilities - Call for proposals</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/hed/videos_and_photos/index_eng.html">Videos and Photos</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/hed/science_programme/index_eng.html">Science Programme</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/hed/user_consortium_and_external_funding/index_eng.html">User Consortium and External Funding</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/hed/documentation/index_eng.html">Documentation</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/hed/publications/index_eng.html">Publications</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/hed/group_members/index_eng.html">Group members</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/mid/index_eng.html">MID</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/mid/scientific_applications/index_eng.html">Scientific applications</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/mid/experimental_techniques/index_eng.html">Experimental techniques</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/mid/instrument_specifications/index_eng.html">Instrument specifications</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/mid/supporting_infrastructure/index_eng.html">Supporting infrastructure</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/mid/group_members/index_eng.html">Group members</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/mid/workshops_and_meetings/index_eng.html">Workshops and meetings</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/mid/publications/index_eng.html">Publications</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/scs/index_eng.html">SCS</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/scs/instrument_design/index_eng.html">Instrument Design</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/scs/scs_group_members/index_eng.html">SCS group members</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/scs/publications/index_eng.html">Publications</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/spb_sfx/index_eng.html">SPB/SFX</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/spb_sfx/parameter_sheet_2025_01/index_eng.html">parameter sheet 2025-01</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/spb_sfx/science_programme/index_eng.html">Science Programme</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/spb_sfx/instrument_parameters_for_run_2024_01/index_eng.html">Instrument parameters for run 2024-01</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/spb_sfx/instrument_design/index_eng.html">Instrument design</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/spb_sfx/sfx_user_consortium/index_eng.html">SFX user consortium</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/spb_sfx/group_members/index_eng.html">Group members</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/spb_sfx/documentation/index_eng.html">Documentation</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/spb_sfx/publications/index_eng.html">Publications</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/sqs/index_eng.html">SQS</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/sqs/news/index_eng.html">News</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/sqs/instrument/index_eng.html">Instrument</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/sqs/documentation/index_eng.html">Documentation</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/sqs/beamtime_publications/index_eng.html">Beamtime publications</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/sqs/staff_publications/index_eng.html">Staff publications</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/sqs/videos/index_eng.html">Videos</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/sqs/group_members/index_eng.html">Group members</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/sxp/index_eng.html">SXP</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/sxp/team/index_eng.html">Group Members</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/sxp/instrument/index_eng.html">Instrument</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/instruments/sxp/community_proposals/index_eng.html">Community Proposals</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/user_laboratories/index_eng.html">User Laboratories</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-drawer-navigation--level-2 xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/user_laboratories/laboratories/index_eng.html">Laboratory Environments</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/user_laboratories/laboratories/biology_labs/index_eng.html">Biology</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/user_laboratories/laboratories/chemistry_labs/index_eng.html">Chemistry</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/user_laboratories/laboratories/material_science/index_eng.html">Dry Sample Preparation</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/user_laboratories/laboratories/cold_room/index_eng.html">Cold Room</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/user_laboratories/laboratories/dark_room/index_eng.html">Dark Rooms</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/user_laboratories/laboratories/glove_box/index_eng.html">Glove Box</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/user_laboratories/samples_processing/index_eng.html">Sample Delivery</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/user_laboratories/samples_processing/liquids/index_eng.html">Liquids</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/user_laboratories/samples_processing/magnets/index_eng.html">Magnets</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/user_laboratories/access/index_eng.html">Access</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/user_laboratories/about_us/index_eng.html">About us</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/safety_and_environment/index_eng.html">Safety and Environment</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/comparison/index_eng.html">Comparison</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/facility/virtual_tour/index_eng.html">Virtual Tour</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <div>Organization</div> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-drawer-navigation--level-1 xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/mission/index_eng.html">Mission</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/company/index_eng.html">Company</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/leadership/council/index_eng.html">Leadership</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-drawer-navigation--level-2 xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/leadership/council/index_eng.html">Council</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/leadership/council/council_meetings/index_eng.html">Council meetings</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/leadership/council/council_written_procedures/index_eng.html">Council written procedures</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/leadership/council/council_working_groups/index_eng.html">Council working groups</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/leadership/council/basic_documents/index_eng.html">Basic documents</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/leadership/council/isc_predecessor_of_the_council/index_eng.html">ISC (Predecessor of the Council)</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/leadership/management_board/index_eng.html">Management Board</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/leadership/committees/index_eng.html">Committees</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/leadership/committees/ikrc/index_eng.html">IKRC</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/leadership/committees/afc/index_eng.html">AFC</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/leadership/committees/mac/index_eng.html">MAC</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/leadership/committees/sac/index_eng.html">SAC</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/leadership/committees/dac/index_eng.html">DAC</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/leadership/committees/lac/index_eng.html">LAC</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/leadership/committees/dmc/index_eng.html">DMC</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/leadership/committees/proposal_review_panels/index_eng.html">Proposal Review Panels</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/partner_countries/index_eng.html">Partner countries</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/cooperation/index_eng.html">Cooperation</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-drawer-navigation--level-2 xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/cooperation/user_consortia/index_eng.html">User consortia</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/cooperation/institutional_and_international_cooperation/index_eng.html">Institutional and international cooperation</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/staff_members/index_eng.html">Staff members</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-drawer-navigation--level-2 xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/staff_members/staff_members_public_view/index_eng.html">Staff members (public view)</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/staff_members/staff_members_internal_only/index_eng.html">Staff members (internal only)</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/index_eng.html">Scientific and Technical groups</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-drawer-navigation--level-2 xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/instrumentation_department/index_eng.html">Instrumentation Department</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/instrumentation_department/leadership_team/index_eng.html">Leadership Team</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/undulator_systems/index_eng.html">Undulator Systems</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/undulator_systems/group_members/index_eng.html">Group members</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/undulator_systems/publications/index_eng.html">Publications</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/undulator_systems/scu_tac/index_eng.html">SCU-TAC</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/x_ray_optics/index_eng.html">X-Ray Optics</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/x_ray_optics/group_members/index_eng.html">Group members</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/x_ray_optics/publications/index_eng.html">Publications</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/lasers/index_eng.html">Lasers</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/lasers/group_members/index_eng.html">Group members</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/lasers/publications/index_eng.html">Publications</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/x_ray_photon_diagnostics/index_eng.html">X-Ray Photon Diagnostics</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/x_ray_photon_diagnostics/group_members/index_eng.html">Group members</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/x_ray_photon_diagnostics/publications/index_eng.html">Publications</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/x_ray_photon_diagnostics/documents/index_eng.html">Documents</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/x_ray_photon_diagnostics/images/index_eng.html">Images</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/x_ray_photon_diagnostics/weblinks/index_eng.html">Weblinks</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/mechanical_engineering/index_eng.html">Mechanical Engineering</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/mechanical_engineering/group_members/index_eng.html">Group members</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/mechanical_engineering/publications/index_eng.html">Publications</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/controls/index_eng.html">Controls</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/controls/karabo/index_eng.html">Karabo</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/controls/profile_amp_competences/index_eng.html">Profile &amp; Competences</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/controls/contact/index_eng.html">Contact</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/controls/publications/index_eng.html">Publications</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/data_analysis/index_eng.html">Data Analysis</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/data_analysis/group_members/index_eng.html">Group members</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/data_analysis/highlights/index_eng.html">Highlights</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/data_analysis/documentation_and_training_material/index_eng.html">Documentation and training material</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/data_analysis/workshops_and_meetings/index_eng.html">Workshops and meetings</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/data_analysis/publications/index_eng.html">Publications</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/data_analysis/internal/ocd/index_eng.html">Internal</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/theory/index_eng.html">Theory</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/theory/group_members/index_eng.html">Group Members</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/theory/theory_seminar/index_eng.html">Theory Seminar</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/theory/workshops_and_meetings/index_eng.html">Workshops and Meetings</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/theory/selected_research_projects/index_eng.html">Selected Research Projects</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/theory/publications/index_eng.html">Publications</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/sample_environment/index_eng.html">Sample Environment &amp; Characterization</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/sample_environment/projects/index_eng.html">Projects</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/sample_environment/group_members/index_eng.html">Group members</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/sample_environment/workshops_and_meetings/index_eng.html">Workshops and meetings</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/sample_environment/publications/index_eng.html">Publications</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/photon_beam_systems_meetings/index_eng.html">Photon Beam Systems Meetings</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/photon_beam_systems_meetings/2023/index_eng.html">2023</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/photon_beam_systems_meetings/2022/index_eng.html">2022</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/photon_beam_systems_meetings/2021/index_eng.html">2021</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/photon_beam_systems_meetings/2020/index_eng.html">2020</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/photon_beam_systems_meetings/2019/index_eng.html">2019</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/photon_beam_systems_meetings/2018/index_eng.html">2018</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/photon_beam_systems_meetings/2017/index_eng.html">2017</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/photon_beam_systems_meetings/2016/index_eng.html">2016</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/photon_beam_systems_meetings/2015/index_eng.html">2015</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/photon_beam_systems_meetings/2014/index_eng.html">2014</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/photon_beam_systems_meetings/2013/index_eng.html">2013</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/photon_beam_systems_meetings/2012/index_eng.html">2012</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/photon_beam_systems_meetings/2011/index_eng.html">2011</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/photon_beam_systems_meetings/2010/index_eng.html">2010</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/photon_beam_systems_meetings/2009/index_eng.html">2009</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/photon_beam_systems_meetings/2008/index_eng.html">2008</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/photon_beam_systems_meetings/2007/index_eng.html">2007</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/students/index_eng.html">Students</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/scientific_and_technical_groups/students/young_scientist_award/index_eng.html">Young Scientist Award</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/industrial_liaison/index_eng.html">Industrial Liaison</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-drawer-navigation--level-2 xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/industrial_liaison/room_rental/index_eng.html">Room rental</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/procurement/index_eng.html">Procurement</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-drawer-navigation--level-2 xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/procurement/legal_and_regulatory_information/index_eng.html">Legal and Regulatory Information</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/procurement/calls_for_tender/index_eng.html">Calls for Tender</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <div>Science</div> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-drawer-navigation--level-1 xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/scope/index_eng.html">Scope</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/health_and_biology/index_eng.html">Health and biology</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/energy/index_eng.html">Energy</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/water/index_eng.html">Water</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-drawer-navigation--level-2 xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/water/dimer_bond_dynamics/index_eng.html">Dimer bond dynamics</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/water/supercooled_water_dynamics/index_eng.html">Supercooled water dynamics</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/water/water_to_ice/index_eng.html">Water to ice</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/water/broken_water_cages/index_eng.html">Broken water cages</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/water/gas_hydrate_formation/index_eng.html">Gas-hydrate formation</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/water/glassy_water/index_eng.html">Glassy water</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/water/high_pressure_phases/index_eng.html">High pressure phases</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/water/publications/index_eng.html">Publications</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/water/publications/call_on_molecular_water_science/index_eng.html">Call on Molecular Water Science</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/catalytic_processes/index_eng.html">Catalytic processes</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/information_technology/index_eng.html">Information technology</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/technology_transfer/index_eng.html">Technology transfer</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/publications/index_eng.html">Publications</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-drawer-navigation--level-2 xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/publications/2024/index_eng.html">2024</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/publications/2023/index_eng.html">2023</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/publications/2022/index_eng.html">2022</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/publications/2021/index_eng.html">2021</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/publications/2020/index_eng.html">2020</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/publications/2019/index_eng.html">2019</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/publications/2018/index_eng.html">2018</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/publications/2017/index_eng.html">2017</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/publications/2016/index_eng.html">2016</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/publications/2015/index_eng.html">2015</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/publications/2014/index_eng.html">2014</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/publications/2013/index_eng.html">2013</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/publications/2012/index_eng.html">2012</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/publications/2011/index_eng.html">2011</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/publications/2010/index_eng.html">2010</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/publications/2009/index_eng.html">2009</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/publications/20042008/index_eng.html">2004–2008</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <div>News and Events</div> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-drawer-navigation--level-1 xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/news/index_eng.html">News</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/events/index_eng.html">Events</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-drawer-navigation--level-2 xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/events/workshops_and_conferences/index_eng.html">Workshops and conferences</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/events/workshops_and_conferences/archive/index_eng.html">Archive</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/events/general_seminars/index_eng.html">General seminars</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/events/general_seminars/archive/index_eng.html">Archive</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/events/science_seminars/index_eng.html">Science seminars</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/events/science_seminars/archive/index_eng.html">Archive</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/events/theory_seminars/index_eng.html">Theory seminars</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/events/theory_seminars/archive/index_eng.html">Archive</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/events/public_events/index_eng.html">Public events</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/communication/index_eng.html">Communication</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/media_database/index_eng.html">Media database</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/in_the_news/index_eng.html">In the news</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-drawer-navigation--level-2 xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/in_the_news/german/index_eng.html">German</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/in_the_news/english/index_eng.html">English</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/flyers_and_brochures/index_eng.html">Flyers and brochures</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/corporate_design/index_eng.html">Corporate design</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/arts_projects/index_eng.html">Arts Projects</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-drawer-navigation--level-2 xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/arts_projects/projects/index_eng.html">Projects</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/arts_projects/projects/marcus_heine/index_eng.html">Marcus Heine</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/arts_projects/projects/the_karabo_universe/index_eng.html">The Karabo Universe</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/arts_projects/projects/uta_zaza_roettgers/index_eng.html">Uta "Zaza" Röttgers</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/arts_projects/projects/jan_schoelzel_ii/index_eng.html">Jan Schölzel II</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/arts_projects/projects/osdorf_urban/index_eng.html">OSDORF URBAN</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/arts_projects/projects/heiner_mueller_elsner/index_eng.html">Heiner Müller-Elsner</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/arts_projects/projects/jan_schoelzel_i/index_eng.html">Jan Schölzel I</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/arts_projects/projects/henrik_spohler/index_eng.html">Henrik Spohler</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item xfel-drawer-navigation__item--special"> <div>Users</div> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-drawer-navigation--level-1 xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/covid_19_user_operation/index_eng.html">User Campus Access</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/beamtime/index_eng.html">Beamtime</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-drawer-navigation--level-2 xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/beamtime/call_for_proposals/index_eng.html">Call for proposals</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/beamtime/call_for_proposals/13th_call_for_proposals/index_eng.html">13th call for proposals</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/beamtime/call_for_proposals/12th_call_for_proposals/index_eng.html">12th call for proposals</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/beamtime/call_for_proposals/11th_call_for_proposals/index_eng.html">11th call for proposals</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/beamtime/call_for_proposals/10th_call_for_proposals/index_eng.html">10th call for proposals</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/beamtime/call_for_proposals/9th_call_for_proposals/index_eng.html">9th Call for Proposals</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/beamtime/call_for_proposals/8th_call_for_proposals/index_eng.html">8th Call for Proposals</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/beamtime/call_for_proposals/7th_call_for_proposals/index_eng.html">7th Call for Proposals</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/beamtime/call_for_expressions_of_interest/index_eng.html">Call for expressions of interest</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/beamtime/how_to_apply/index_eng.html">How to Apply</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/beamtime/proposal_review/proposal_review/index_eng.html">Proposal Review</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/beamtime/invitations/index_eng.html">Invitations</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/beamtime/operation_status/operation_status/index_eng.html">Operation Status</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/beamtime/instruments/index_eng.html">Instruments</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/beamtime/user_laboratories/user_laboratories/index_eng.html">User Laboratories</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/beamtime/data_analysis/data_analysis/index_eng.html">Data analysis</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/beamtime/scheduled_experiments/index_eng.html">Scheduled Experiments</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_safety/index_eng.html">User safety</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-drawer-navigation--level-2 xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_safety/samples_and_substances/index_eng.html">Samples and Substances</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_safety/machines_and_equipment/index_eng.html">Machines and Equipment</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_safety/lasers/index_eng.html">Lasers</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_safety/safety_training/index_eng.html">Safety Training</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_safety/start_of_experiment/index_eng.html">Start of Experiment</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_safety/electrical_work/index_eng.html">Electrical Work</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_guide/index_eng.html">User guide</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-drawer-navigation--level-2 xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_guide/upex_and_campus_accounts/index_eng.html">UPEX and Campus Accounts</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_guide/registration/index_eng.html">Registration</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_guide/funded_user_travel/index_eng.html">Funded user travel</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_guide/accommodation/index_eng.html">Accommodation</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_guide/shipping/index_eng.html">Shipping</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_guide/visas/index_eng.html">Visas</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_guide/on_site_life/index_eng.html">On-site Life</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_guide/feedback/index_eng.html">Feedback</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_guide/experiment_report/index_eng.html">Experiment Report</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_guide/publications/index_eng.html">Publications</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/guest_house/index_eng.html">Guest House</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-drawer-navigation--level-2 xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/guest_house/general_information/index_eng.html">General Information</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/guest_house/booking_request/booking_request/index_eng.html">Booking Request</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/guest_house/booking_request/booking_request/index_eng.html">Booking request</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/guest_house/house_rules/index_eng.html">House Rules</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/guest_house/location/index_eng.html">Location</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/policies/index_eng.html">Policies</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-drawer-navigation--level-2 xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/policies/policy_for_samples_and_substances/index_eng.html">Policy for samples and substances</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/policies/sample_risk_assessment_and_sample_operation_instructions/sample_risk_assessment_and_sample_operation_instructions/index_eng.html">Sample Risk Assessment and Sample Operation Instructions</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/policies/user_supplied_instrumentation_equipment/index_eng.html">User-supplied instrumentation/equipment</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/policies/electrical_work/electrical_work/index_eng.html">Electrical work</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_office/index_eng.html">User office</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_events/index_eng.html">User events</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-drawer-navigation--level-2 xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_events/users__meetings/index_eng.html">Users' Meetings</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_events/users__meetings/2025_users__meeting/index_eng.html">2025 Users' Meeting</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_events/users__meetings/2024_users__meeting/index_eng.html">2024 Users' Meeting</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_events/users__meetings/2023_users__meeting/index_eng.html">2023 Users' Meeting</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_events/users__meetings/2022_users__meeting/index_eng.html">2022 Users' Meeting</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_events/users__meetings/2021_users__meeting/index_eng.html">2021 Users' Meeting</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_events/users__meetings/2020_users__meeting/index_eng.html">2020 Users' Meeting</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_events/users__meetings/archive/index_eng.html">Archive</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_events/online_events/index_eng.html">Online Events</a> <ul class="xfel-drawer-navigation--level-3 xfel-drawer-navigation xfel-typography--drawer-subnavigation"> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_events/online_events/virtual_user_information_meeting___12th_call_for_proposals/index_eng.html">Virtual user information meeting - 12th call for proposals</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_events/online_events/virtual_user_information_meeting___11th_call_for_proposals/index_eng.html">Virtual user information meeting - 11th call for proposals</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_events/online_events/archive/index_eng.html">Archive</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/user_organization/index_eng.html">User Organization</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/industrial_users/index_eng.html">Industrial users</a> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-navigation__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/users/quick_links/index_eng.html">Quick Links</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="xfel-drawer-meta xfel-typography--header-meta"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/visitors/index_eng.html" class="xfel-drawer-meta__link">Visitors</a> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/contacts/index_eng.html" class="xfel-drawer-meta__link">Contact</a> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/careers/index_eng.html" class="xfel-drawer-meta__link">Career</a> <a href="https://in.xfel.eu/upex" class="xfel-drawer-meta__link" target="_blank">UPEX</a> <a href="#" class="xfel-drawer-meta__link"></a> <span class="xfel-drawer-meta__languages"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/technology_transfer/index_eng.html" class="xfel-drawer-meta__languages-item xfel-drawer-meta__languages-item--is-selected">EN</a> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/forschung/technologietransfer/index_ger.html" class="xfel-drawer-meta__languages-item">DE</a> </span> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <main> <section class="module"> <div class="subnavigation xfel-typography--subnavigation subnavigation--js"> <ul class="subnavigation-list"> <li class="subnavigation-item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/scope/index_eng.html">Scope</a> </li> <li class="subnavigation-item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/health_and_biology/index_eng.html">Health and biology</a> </li> <li class="subnavigation-item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/energy/index_eng.html">Energy</a> </li> <li class="subnavigation-item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/water/index_eng.html">Water</a> </li> <li class="subnavigation-item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/catalytic_processes/index_eng.html">Catalytic processes</a> </li> <li class="subnavigation-item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/information_technology/index_eng.html">Information technology</a> </li> <li class="subnavigation-item subnavigation-item--active"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/technology_transfer/index_eng.html">Technology transfer</a> </li> <li class="subnavigation-item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/publications/index_eng.html">Publications</a> </li> </ul> <ul class="subnavigation-list"> </ul> </div> </section> <section class="module"> <div class="breadcrumb breadcrumb--js"> <div class="breadcrumb-container"> <div class="breadcrumb-home"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/index_eng.html"> <svg width="22px" height="22px" viewbox="0 0 22 22"> <use xlink:href="#icon-home"></use> </svg> </a> </div> <div class="breadcrumb-trail"> <ul class="breadcrumb-list"> <li class="breadcrumb-list__item breadcrumb-list__item--is-seperator"> <svg width="6px" height="10px" viewbox="0 0 9 15"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-arrow-plain-right"></use> </svg> </li> <li class="breadcrumb-list__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/index_eng.html">Science</a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb-list__item breadcrumb-list__item--is-seperator"> <svg width="6px" height="10px" viewbox="0 0 9 15"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-arrow-plain-right"></use> </svg> </li> <li class="breadcrumb-list__item"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/science/technology_transfer/index_eng.html">Technology transfer</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="module module-intro"> <div class="intro"> <h1>Technology transfer</h1> <p class="intro__copy description">Even in the construction phase, European XFEL stimulated the development of some high-technology industrial sectors in the participating countries. To achieve the demanding performance indispensable for the European XFEL, the fabrication of many components required all the sophisticated know-how of the contributing research labs; on the other hand, these components need to be produced in large series by industry.</p> </div> </section> <!-- bodyContentZMSLib_page --> <!-- xfel_text.standard_html --> <section class="module"> <div class="text"> <div class="text-container"> <div> <p class="text-copy">For example 800 accelerator resonant cavities, made of a metal called niobium, were needed, plus some pre-series and spare ones. The order was split between two industrial companies that equipped themselves with the necessary infrastructure and were extensively trained through the pre-series production, under the guidance of experts from DESY and from the Italian research agency INFN. The underlying TESLA technology, developed at DESY, is now emerging as a standard for superconducting linear accelerators worldwide, for applications not only in FELs but also in other research infrastructures, such as spallation neutron sources and high-energy physics colliders.</p> </div> </div> </div> </section> <!-- /xfel_text.standard_html --> <!-- big_picture.standard_html --> <section class="module"> <figure class=" image image--full-width"> <picture class="image-picture"> <source media="(min-width: 840px)" srcset="/sites/sites_custom/site_xfel/content/e35177/e41825/e56155/2011-09-20_Reinraum_mit_Cavities_HME-0094_1680x660_eng.jpg"></source> <source media="(min-width: 480px)" srcset="/sites/sites_custom/site_xfel/content/e35177/e41825/e56155/2011-09-20_Reinraum_mit_Cavities_HME-0094_1680x660_medium_eng.jpg"></source> <img alt="Picture" srcset="/sites/sites_custom/site_xfel/content/e35177/e41825/e56155/2011-09-20_Reinraum_mit_Cavities_HME-0094_1680x660_small_eng.jpg"> </picture> <figcaption class="image-description">The niobium resonating cavities used for the superconducting linear accelerator set a new standard for accelerator technology around the world. (Photo: Heiner Müller-Elsner / DESY)</figcaption> </figure> </section> <!-- /big_picture.standard_html --> <!-- xfel_text.standard_html --> <section class="module"> <div class="text"> <div class="text-container"> <p class="text-copy">Another area in which the European XFEL has been stimulating a considerable development effort is in detector devices. In order to take complete advantage of the European XFEL&rsquo;s high number of pulses per second, the detector (essentially a digital camera for X-rays) must be able to record a high-quality image from the sensor, transfer it to a temporary memory medium, clear the image from the sensor, and be ready for the next one &ndash; all in an extremely short period of time. The temporary memory storage has been designed and prototyped with a capacity for several hundreds of images and with the objective to reach a few thousand in the future. All this requires great sophistication and expertise, so a number of European laboratories were involved in the development of prototypes. Advanced electronic integrated circuits were designed and their fabrication was given out to companies. Some features of the imaging detectors with very high read-out speed will be of interest not only for future high repetition rate FELs but also for research with synchrotrons, and possibly other areas, including commercial electronic devices, where speed of data progressing and of data storage and recovery could open up new business opportunities.</p> </div> </div> </section> <!-- /xfel_text.standard_html --> <!-- /bodyContentZMSLib_page --> </main> <footer class="xfel-footer"> <div class="xfel-footer__top"> <div class="xfel-footer__top-container"> <div class="mdl-grid"> <div class="mdl-cell mdl-cell--8-col mdl-cell--12-col-tablet"> <h3 class="xfel-footer__headline--eiroforum"> Member of EIROforum</h3> <a class="xfel-footer__logo--eiroforum" href="http://www.eiroforum.org/" target="_blank"> <picture> <source media="(min-width:480px)" srcset="common/img/EIROforum.png" /> <img srcset="common/img/EIROforum-phone.png" src="common/img/EIROforum-phone.png" alt="EIROforum" /> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="xfel-footer__seperator hr"></div> <div class="mdl-cell mdl-cell--8-col mdl-cell--12-col-tablet"> <h3>Subscribe to our newsletter</h3> <form action="#" method="get" enctype="text/plain" id="xfel_nl"> <div class="field field--input-button" role="group"> <div class="xfel-textfield xfel-textfield--no-margin-bottom xfel-textfield--js"> <input type="text" name="email" class="xfel-textfield__input" placeholder="your@email.com" id="xfel_nl_email"> <input type="text" name="nobo" class="xfel-textfield__input" id="xfel_nl_nobo"> </div> <button data-text="Subscribe" class="xfel-button" type="submit" id="subscribe_nl"><span>Subscribe</span></button> </div> </form> </div> <div class="xfel-footer__seperator hr"></div> <div class="mdl-cell mdl-cell--8-col mdl-cell--24-col-tablet"> <div class="xfel-footer__right-align"> <h3>Follow us</h3> <div class="xfel-footer__social"> <a class="xfel-footer__social-link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/news_and_events/news/rssfeed.xml"> <svg width="50px" height="50px" viewbox="0 0 50 50"> <use xlink:href="#icon-social-rss"></use> </svg> </a> <a class="xfel-footer__social-link" href="https://www.facebook.com/EuropeanXFEL/" target="_blank"> <svg width="50px" height="50px" viewbox="0 0 50 50"> <use xlink:href="#icon-social-fb"></use> </svg> </a> <a class="xfel-footer__social-link" href="https://twitter.com/europeanxfel" target="_blank"> <img src="https://www.xfel.eu/common/img/X.png" alt="XFEL on X" style="width: 50px;" /> </a> <a class="xfel-footer__social-link" href="https://www.youtube.com/user/EuropeanXFEL" target="_blank"> <svg width="50px" height="50px" viewbox="0 0 50 50"> <use xlink:href="#icon-social-youtube"></use> </svg> </a> <a class="xfel-footer__social-link" href="https://www.instagram.com/europeanxfel/" target="_blank"> <img src="https://www.xfel.eu/common/img/instagram.png" alt="XFEL on Instagram" style="width: 50px;" /> </a> <a class="xfel-footer__social-link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/5359345/" target="_blank"> <img src="https://www.xfel.eu/common/img/linkedin.png" alt="XFEL on LinkedIn" style="width: 50px;" /> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="xfel-footer__seperator hr"></div> <div class="xfel-footer__bottom"> <div class="xfel-footer__bottom-container"> <div class="mdl-grid xfel-typography--footer"> <div class="mdl-cell mdl-cell--12-col mdl-cell--24-col-tablet"> <nav class="xfel-footer__navigation"> <a class="xfel-footer__navigation-link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/data_privacy_policy/index_eng.html">Data Privacy Policy</a> <a class="xfel-footer__navigation-link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/legal_notice/index_eng.html">Legal Notice</a> <a class="xfel-footer__navigation-link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/compliance/index_eng.html">Compliance</a> <a class="xfel-footer__navigation-link" href="https://www.xfel.eu/internal/index_eng.html">Internal</a> </nav> </div> <div class="mdl-cell mdl-cell--12-col mdl-cell--24-col-tablet"> <div class="xfel-footer__countries"> <span class="xfel-countries__label">Participating countries</span> <div class="xfel-countries__flags"> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/partner_countries/index_eng.html" class="xfel-countries__flag"> <svg width="30px" height="20px" viewbox="0 0 30 20"> <use xlink:href="#icon-flag-denmark"></use> </svg> </a> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/partner_countries/index_eng.html" class="xfel-countries__flag"> <svg width="30px" height="20px" viewbox="0 0 30 20"> <use xlink:href="#icon-flag-france"></use> </svg> </a> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/partner_countries/index_eng.html" class="xfel-countries__flag"> <svg width="30px" height="20px" viewbox="0 0 30 20"> <use xlink:href="#icon-flag-germany"></use> </svg> </a> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/partner_countries/index_eng.html" class="xfel-countries__flag"> <svg width="30px" height="20px" viewbox="0 0 30 20"> <use xlink:href="#icon-flag-hungary"></use> </svg> </a> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/partner_countries/index_eng.html" class="xfel-countries__flag"> <svg width="30px" height="20px" viewbox="0 0 30 20"> <use xlink:href="#icon-flag-italy"></use> </svg> </a> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/partner_countries/index_eng.html" class="xfel-countries__flag"> <svg width="30px" height="20px" viewbox="0 0 30 20"> <use xlink:href="#icon-flag-poland"></use> </svg> </a> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/partner_countries/index_eng.html" class="xfel-countries__flag"> <svg width="30px" height="20px" viewbox="0 0 30 20"> <use xlink:href="#icon-flag-russia"></use> </svg> </a> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/partner_countries/index_eng.html" class="xfel-countries__flag"> <svg width="30px" height="20px" viewbox="0 0 30 20"> <use xlink:href="#icon-flag-slovakia"></use> </svg> </a> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/partner_countries/index_eng.html" class="xfel-countries__flag"> <svg width="30px" height="20px" viewbox="0 0 30 20"> <use xlink:href="#icon-flag-spain"></use> </svg> </a> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/partner_countries/index_eng.html" class="xfel-countries__flag"> <svg width="30px" height="20px" viewbox="0 0 30 20"> <use xlink:href="#icon-flag-sweden"></use> </svg> </a> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/partner_countries/index_eng.html" class="xfel-countries__flag"> <svg width="30px" height="20px" viewbox="0 0 30 20"> <use xlink:href="#icon-flag-switzerland"></use> </svg> </a> <a href="https://www.xfel.eu/organization/partner_countries/index_eng.html" class="xfel-countries__flag"> <img src="https://www.xfel.eu/common/img/gb_flag.png" alt="flag-gb" style="height: 20px;" /> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <div class="xfel-drawer__obfuscator xfel-drawer__obfuscator--js"></div> <div class="css-breakpoint-helper"> <div class="tablet"></div> <div class="header-desktop"></div> <div class="desktop"></div> </div> <script type="text/javascript" src="/sites/common4all/fancybox/fancybox-2-1-5/source/jquery.fancybox.pack.js"></script> <script src="https://www.xfel.eu/common/js/main-bundle.min.js"></script> <script> /* Highlight active Nav-Parent */ var thispatharr = $('.bodyweb').data('path').split("/"); $('.xfel-header-navigation__link').each(function() { var itemid = $(this).attr("id"); if ($.inArray(itemid,thispatharr) > -1) { $(this).addClass("active"); } }); /* Subscribe Newsletter */ jQuery("#xfel_nl").on("submit", function(nl_subscr) { nl_subscr.preventDefault(); var xfel_nl_email = jQuery("#xfel_nl_email").val(); var xfel_nl_nobo = jQuery("#xfel_nl_nobo").val(); if (xfel_nl_nobo == '') { jQuery.fancybox.open({ padding : 0, margin:[30,30,30,30], autoSize:!0, autoResize:!0, closeBtn:!1, href:'/subscribe_to_newsletter.html?e_mail_address='+xfel_nl_email+'', type: 'iframe', tpl:{wrap:'<div class="fancybox-wrap" tabIndex="-1"><div class="fancybox-skin"><div class="fancybox-outer"><div class="fancybox-header"><h2>Subscribe to our newsletter</h2> <div class="closeBtn"> <svg class="more" width="20px" height="20px" viewBox="0 0 20 20"><use xlink:href="#icon-accordeon-more"></use></svg></div></div><div class="fancybox-inner"></div></div></div></div>'}, afterShow:function(){ jQuery(".fancybox-header .closeBtn").one("click",function() { jQuery.fancybox.close() }) } }); } }); /* DropDown Menu */ $(".xfel-header-navigation__item").each(function() { thiswidth=$(this).width(); $(this).find('ul.xfel-custom-navbar').css('width',thiswidth) }); </script> <!-- Matomo --> <script type="text/javascript"> var piwik_id='282'; var _paq = window._paq = window._paq || []; _paq.push(['disableCookies']); _paq.push(['trackPageView']); _paq.push(['enableLinkTracking']); (function() { var u="https:///matomo.desy.de/piwik/"; _paq.push(['setTrackerUrl', u+'matomo.php']); _paq.push(['setSiteId', 282]); var d=document, g=d.createElement('script'), s=d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; g.async=true; g.src=u+'matomo.js'; s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s); })(); </script> <noscript><p><img src='https://matomo.desy.de/piwik/matomo.php?idsite=282' style="border:0;" alt="" /></p></noscript> <!-- End Matomo Code --> <!-- Cookie Bar --> <style> .cookie-bar__inner{background-color:#000;color:#fff;font-size:.875rem;padding:.375rem .5rem}@media (min-width:48rem){.cookie-bar__inner{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center}}.cookie-bar__buttons{display:block;margin-top:.375rem}@media (min-width:48rem){.cookie-bar__buttons{display:inline;margin-top:0}.cookie-bar--bottom-left,.cookie-bar--bottom-right{width:22.5rem}}.cookie-bar__btn{background-color:#0275d8;color:#fff;border:none;margin-right:.875rem;padding:.125rem .875rem;-webkit-transition:background-color .3s;-o-transition:background-color .3s;transition:background-color .3s;cursor:pointer}.cookie-bar__btn:hover{background-color:#009fdf}.cookie-bar__btn:active{background-color:#F18F1F}.cookie-bar a{color:#fff;text-decoration:underline}.cookie-bar a:hover{text-decoration:none}.cookie-bar--bottom,.cookie-bar--bottom-left,.cookie-bar--bottom-right{z-index:100;position:fixed}.cookie-bar--bottom{right:0;bottom:0;left:0}.cookie-bar--bottom-left{left:.9375rem}.cookie-bar--bottom-right{right:.9375rem}.cookie-bar--bottom-left,.cookie-bar--bottom-right{bottom:.9375rem}@media (min-width:48rem){.cookie-bar--bottom-left .cookie-bar__buttons,.cookie-bar--bottom-left .cookie-bar__inner,.cookie-bar--bottom-right .cookie-bar__buttons,.cookie-bar--bottom-right .cookie-bar__inner{display:block}.cookie-bar--bottom-left .cookie-bar__buttons,.cookie-bar--bottom-right .cookie-bar__buttons{margin-top:.375rem}}.cookie-bar--bottom-left .cookie-bar__inner,.cookie-bar--bottom-right .cookie-bar__inner{line-height:1.3} </style> <div id="cookie-bar" style="display:none;" class="cookie-bar cookie-bar--bottom-right"><div class="cookie-bar__inner"><span class="cookie-bar__message">We use cookies to provide full functionality of our website.</span><span class="cookie-bar__buttons"><button type="button" class="cookie-bar__btn" id="cookie-bar_ok">OK</button><a href="https://www.xfel.eu/data_privacy_policy/index_eng.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">More information</a></span></div></div> <script> var DESYcookies = localStorage.getItem('DESYcookies'); if (DESYcookies != 'accepted') { var cookiebar = document.getElementById('cookie-bar'); cookiebar.style.display = ''; document.getElementById('cookie-bar_ok').onclick = function() { localStorage.setItem('DESYcookies', 'accepted'); cookiebar.style.display = 'none'; } } </script> <!-- End Cookie Bar --> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10