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Arab revolution Archives • International Socialism

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href="https://socialistworker.co.uk/international-socialism-journal/">Subscribe</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1098" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1098"><a href="https://isj.org.uk/about/">About</a></li> </ul></div> <!-- #main-navigation --></nav> </div> <!-- #masthead --></header> <div id="main" class="site-main"> <div class="clearfix container"> <section id="primary" class="content-area"> <div id="content" class="site-content" role="main"> <header class="page-header"> <h1 class="page-title"> Arab revolution </h1> <!-- .page-header --></header> <article id="post-3463" class="clearfix post-3463 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-article tag-arab-revolution tag-imperialism tag-palestine tag-saudi-arabia"> <header class="clearfix entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://isj.org.uk/revisiting-imperialism-middle-east/" rel="bookmark">Revisiting the dynamics of imperialism in the Middle East</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on">Posted on <a href="https://isj.org.uk/revisiting-imperialism-middle-east/" title="9:02 pm" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published updated" datetime="2024-04-09T21:02:42+01:00">9th April 2024</time></a></span><span class="byline"> by <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://isj.org.uk/author/richardthesis70/" title="View all posts by International Socialism">International Socialism</a></span></span> <!-- .entry-meta --></div> <!-- .entry-header --></header> <div class="entry-thumbnail"> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/revisiting-imperialism-middle-east/" title="Revisiting the dynamics of imperialism in the Middle East" > <img width="250" height="175" src="https://isj.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/drone-iran-e1712693277814-250x175.jpg" class="attachment-thumb-featured size-thumb-featured wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /> </a> </div> <div class="entry-summary"> <p>More than six months into the greatest crisis to grip the Middle East for a generation, it is sometimes hard to find words that adequately describe its scale and intensity.1 As I write, Israeli troops are poised to invade Rafah&hellip; <a href="https://isj.org.uk/revisiting-imperialism-middle-east/" class="more-link">Continue Reading <span class="meta-nav">&rarr;</span></a></p> <!-- .entry-summary --></div> <footer class="entry-meta entry-footer"> <span class="cat-links"> <i class="ico-folder"></i> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/category/article/" rel="category tag">Article</a> </span> <span class="tags-links"> <i class="ico-tags"></i> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/arab-revolution/" rel="tag">Arab revolution</a>, <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/imperialism/" rel="tag">imperialism</a>, <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/palestine/" rel="tag">Palestine</a>, <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/saudi-arabia/" rel="tag">Saudi Arabia</a> </span> <!-- .entry-meta --></footer> <!-- #post-3463--></article> <article id="post-3405" class="clearfix post-3405 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-article tag-arab-revolution tag-arab-spring tag-palestine"> <header class="clearfix entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://isj.org.uk/palestine-permanent-revolution/" rel="bookmark">Palestine: between permanent war and permanent revolution</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on">Posted on <a href="https://isj.org.uk/palestine-permanent-revolution/" title="9:02 pm" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published updated" datetime="2023-12-31T21:02:59+00:00">31st December 2023</time></a></span><span class="byline"> by <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://isj.org.uk/author/richardthesis70/" title="View all posts by International Socialism">International Socialism</a></span></span> <!-- .entry-meta --></div> <!-- .entry-header --></header> <div class="entry-thumbnail"> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/palestine-permanent-revolution/" title="Palestine: between permanent war and permanent revolution" > <img width="250" height="175" src="https://isj.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/flags-250x175.jpg" class="attachment-thumb-featured size-thumb-featured wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /> </a> </div> <div class="entry-summary"> <p>As the bodies of Palestinians piled up in the Gaza Strip, United States &#173;president Joe Biden told reporters that the end of the conflict would only come with a “two-state solution” and the creation of a “real” Palestinian state alongside&hellip; <a href="https://isj.org.uk/palestine-permanent-revolution/" class="more-link">Continue Reading <span class="meta-nav">&rarr;</span></a></p> <!-- .entry-summary --></div> <footer class="entry-meta entry-footer"> <span class="cat-links"> <i class="ico-folder"></i> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/category/article/" rel="category tag">Article</a> </span> <span class="tags-links"> <i class="ico-tags"></i> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/arab-revolution/" rel="tag">Arab revolution</a>, <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/arab-spring/" rel="tag">Arab spring</a>, <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/palestine/" rel="tag">Palestine</a> </span> <!-- .entry-meta --></footer> <!-- #post-3405--></article> <article id="post-3243" class="clearfix post-3243 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-book-reviews tag-arab-revolution tag-middle-east tag-tunisia"> <header class="clearfix entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://isj.org.uk/reassessing-revolution-mena/" rel="bookmark">Reassessing revolution in the Middle East and North Africa</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on">Posted on <a href="https://isj.org.uk/reassessing-revolution-mena/" title="11:58 pm" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published updated" datetime="2023-01-14T23:58:21+00:00">14th January 2023</time></a></span><span class="byline"> by <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://isj.org.uk/author/richardthesis70/" title="View all posts by International Socialism">International Socialism</a></span></span> <!-- .entry-meta --></div> <!-- .entry-header --></header> <div class="entry-thumbnail"> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/reassessing-revolution-mena/" title="Reassessing revolution in the Middle East and North Africa" > <img width="250" height="175" src="https://isj.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/revolution-choice-250x175.jpeg" class="attachment-thumb-featured size-thumb-featured wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /> </a> </div> <div class="entry-summary"> <p>A review of Revolution is the Choice of the People: Crisis and Revolt in the Middle East and North Africa, Anne Alexander (Bookmarks, 2022), £12 Since 2019, the world has been witnessing a “third cycle of revolt”, following the anti-globalisation&hellip; <a href="https://isj.org.uk/reassessing-revolution-mena/" class="more-link">Continue Reading <span class="meta-nav">&rarr;</span></a></p> <!-- .entry-summary --></div> <footer class="entry-meta entry-footer"> <span class="cat-links"> <i class="ico-folder"></i> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/category/book-reviews/" rel="category tag">Book reviews</a> </span> <span class="tags-links"> <i class="ico-tags"></i> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/arab-revolution/" rel="tag">Arab revolution</a>, <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/middle-east/" rel="tag">Middle East</a>, <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/tunisia/" rel="tag">Tunisia</a> </span> <!-- .entry-meta --></footer> <!-- #post-3243--></article> <article id="post-3051" class="clearfix post-3051 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-uncategorised tag-arab-revolution tag-revolution tag-sudan"> <header class="clearfix entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://isj.org.uk/interview-revolutionaries-in-sudan/" rel="bookmark">Interview: prospects for revolutionaries in Sudan</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on">Posted on <a href="https://isj.org.uk/interview-revolutionaries-in-sudan/" title="9:22 am" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published updated" datetime="2022-04-15T09:22:18+01:00">15th April 2022</time></a></span><span class="byline"> by <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://isj.org.uk/author/richardthesis70/" title="View all posts by International Socialism">International Socialism</a></span></span> <!-- .entry-meta --></div> <!-- .entry-header --></header> <div class="entry-thumbnail"> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/interview-revolutionaries-in-sudan/" title="Interview: prospects for revolutionaries in Sudan" > <img width="250" height="175" src="https://isj.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/sudan-train-250x175.jpg" class="attachment-thumb-featured size-thumb-featured wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /> </a> </div> <div class="entry-summary"> <p>Sudan has experienced a sharp development of its revolutionary movement in response to the deepening crisis of the state and society since a military coup on 25 October 2021. The coup saw the Sudanese civilian opposition parties summarily ejected from&hellip; <a href="https://isj.org.uk/interview-revolutionaries-in-sudan/" class="more-link">Continue Reading <span class="meta-nav">&rarr;</span></a></p> <!-- .entry-summary --></div> <footer class="entry-meta entry-footer"> <span class="cat-links"> <i class="ico-folder"></i> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/category/uncategorised/" rel="category tag">Uncategorised</a> </span> <span class="tags-links"> <i class="ico-tags"></i> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/arab-revolution/" rel="tag">Arab revolution</a>, <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/revolution/" rel="tag">Revolution</a>, <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/sudan/" rel="tag">Sudan</a> </span> <!-- .entry-meta --></footer> <!-- #post-3051--></article> <article id="post-2609" class="clearfix post-2609 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-article tag-arab-revolution tag-finance tag-lebanon tag-middle-east tag-the-economic-crisis"> <header class="clearfix entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://isj.org.uk/lebanese-apocalypse/" rel="bookmark">Behind the Lebanese apocalypse</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on">Posted on <a href="https://isj.org.uk/lebanese-apocalypse/" title="11:48 pm" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published updated" datetime="2020-09-29T23:48:56+01:00">29th September 2020</time></a></span><span class="byline"> by <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://isj.org.uk/author/richardthesis70/" title="View all posts by International Socialism">International Socialism</a></span></span> <!-- .entry-meta --></div> <!-- .entry-header --></header> <div class="entry-thumbnail"> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/lebanese-apocalypse/" title="Behind the Lebanese apocalypse" > <img width="250" height="175" src="https://isj.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/arab-rev-250x175.jpeg" class="attachment-thumb-featured size-thumb-featured wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /> </a> </div> <div class="entry-summary"> <p>On 4 August a massive explosion shook Beirut port when a neglected storehouse of ammonium nitrate blew up, catapulting Lebanon onto the front pages of the global media. The volatile chemical was being stored next to the country’s main grain&hellip; <a href="https://isj.org.uk/lebanese-apocalypse/" class="more-link">Continue Reading <span class="meta-nav">&rarr;</span></a></p> <!-- .entry-summary --></div> <footer class="entry-meta entry-footer"> <span class="cat-links"> <i class="ico-folder"></i> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/category/article/" rel="category tag">Article</a> </span> <span class="tags-links"> <i class="ico-tags"></i> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/arab-revolution/" rel="tag">Arab revolution</a>, <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/finance/" rel="tag">finance</a>, <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/lebanon/" rel="tag">Lebanon</a>, <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/middle-east/" rel="tag">Middle East</a>, <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/the-economic-crisis/" rel="tag">The Economic Crisis</a> </span> <!-- .entry-meta --></footer> <!-- #post-2609--></article> <article id="post-2426" class="clearfix post-2426 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-article tag-algeria tag-arab-revolution tag-development tag-leon-trotsky tag-middle-east tag-neoliberalism"> <header class="clearfix entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://isj.org.uk/roots-of-algerias-crisis/" rel="bookmark">From uneven and combined development to revolution: the roots of Algeria’s crisis</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on">Posted on <a href="https://isj.org.uk/roots-of-algerias-crisis/" title="6:55 pm" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published updated" datetime="2020-03-28T18:55:10+00:00">28th March 2020</time></a></span><span class="byline"> by <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://isj.org.uk/author/richardthesis70/" title="View all posts by International Socialism">International Socialism</a></span></span> <!-- .entry-meta --></div> <!-- .entry-header --></header> <div class="entry-thumbnail"> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/roots-of-algerias-crisis/" title="From uneven and combined development to revolution: the roots of Algeria’s crisis" > <img width="250" height="175" src="https://isj.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/featured-photo-jpeg-250x175.jpg" class="attachment-thumb-featured size-thumb-featured wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /> </a> </div> <div class="entry-summary"> <p>On 2 April 2019, Algerian president Abdelaziz Bouteflika was forced to resign.1 In scarcely more than one month, a massive popular movement that had emerged for the first time on 22 February managed to get rid of the ageing and&hellip; <a href="https://isj.org.uk/roots-of-algerias-crisis/" class="more-link">Continue Reading <span class="meta-nav">&rarr;</span></a></p> <!-- .entry-summary --></div> <footer class="entry-meta entry-footer"> <span class="cat-links"> <i class="ico-folder"></i> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/category/article/" rel="category tag">Article</a> </span> <span class="tags-links"> <i class="ico-tags"></i> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/algeria/" rel="tag">Algeria</a>, <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/arab-revolution/" rel="tag">Arab revolution</a>, <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/development/" rel="tag">development</a>, <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/leon-trotsky/" rel="tag">Leon Trotsky</a>, <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/middle-east/" rel="tag">Middle East</a>, <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/neoliberalism/" rel="tag">neoliberalism</a> </span> <!-- .entry-meta --></footer> <!-- #post-2426--></article> <article id="post-2423" class="clearfix post-2423 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-article tag-africa tag-arab-revolution tag-development tag-strategy tag-the-working-class"> <header class="clearfix entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://isj.org.uk/class-power-and-revolution-in-sudan/" rel="bookmark">Class, power and revolution in Sudan</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on">Posted on <a href="https://isj.org.uk/class-power-and-revolution-in-sudan/" title="5:42 pm" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published updated" datetime="2020-03-28T17:42:38+00:00">28th March 2020</time></a></span><span class="byline"> by <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://isj.org.uk/author/richardthesis70/" title="View all posts by International Socialism">International Socialism</a></span></span> <!-- .entry-meta --></div> <!-- .entry-header --></header> <div class="entry-thumbnail"> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/class-power-and-revolution-in-sudan/" title="Class, power and revolution in Sudan" > <img width="250" height="175" src="https://isj.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/featured-photo-jpeg-250x175.jpg" class="attachment-thumb-featured size-thumb-featured wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /> </a> </div> <div class="entry-summary"> <p>From Algiers to Beirut and Baghdad to Khartoum, it appears that revolution is once again “the choice of the people”—as a slogan echoed by tens of thousands on protests in Sudan puts it.1 Meanwhile, the temperature of social and political&hellip; <a href="https://isj.org.uk/class-power-and-revolution-in-sudan/" class="more-link">Continue Reading <span class="meta-nav">&rarr;</span></a></p> <!-- .entry-summary --></div> <footer class="entry-meta entry-footer"> <span class="cat-links"> <i class="ico-folder"></i> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/category/article/" rel="category tag">Article</a> </span> <span class="tags-links"> <i class="ico-tags"></i> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/africa/" rel="tag">Africa</a>, <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/arab-revolution/" rel="tag">Arab revolution</a>, <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/development/" rel="tag">development</a>, <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/strategy/" rel="tag">strategy</a>, <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/the-working-class/" rel="tag">the working class</a> </span> <!-- .entry-meta --></footer> <!-- #post-2423--></article> <article id="post-2310" class="clearfix post-2310 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-article tag-arab-revolution tag-middle-east tag-ngos tag-syria"> <header class="clearfix entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://isj.org.uk/the-ngoisation-of-the-syrian-revolution/" rel="bookmark">The “NGOisation” of the Syrian Revolution</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on">Posted on <a href="https://isj.org.uk/the-ngoisation-of-the-syrian-revolution/" title="4:32 pm" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published updated" datetime="2019-10-17T16:32:50+01:00">17th October 2019</time></a></span><span class="byline"> by <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://isj.org.uk/author/richardthesis70/" title="View all posts by International Socialism">International Socialism</a></span></span> <!-- .entry-meta --></div> <!-- .entry-header --></header> <div class="entry-summary"> <p>In March 2011 the Arab Spring arrived in Syria. Syrians had lived under the totalitarianism of the Asad family, first with the father, Hafez al-Asad (1971-2000), followed by the son, Bashaar al-Asad, for 40 years.1 This included a state of&hellip; <a href="https://isj.org.uk/the-ngoisation-of-the-syrian-revolution/" class="more-link">Continue Reading <span class="meta-nav">&rarr;</span></a></p> <!-- .entry-summary --></div> <footer class="entry-meta entry-footer"> <span class="cat-links"> <i class="ico-folder"></i> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/category/article/" rel="category tag">Article</a> </span> <span class="tags-links"> <i class="ico-tags"></i> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/arab-revolution/" rel="tag">Arab revolution</a>, <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/middle-east/" rel="tag">Middle East</a>, <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/ngos/" rel="tag">NGOs</a>, <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/syria/" rel="tag">Syria</a> </span> <!-- .entry-meta --></footer> <!-- #post-2310--></article> <article id="post-1029" class="clearfix post-1029 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-analysis tag-arab-revolution tag-palestine"> <header class="clearfix entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://isj.org.uk/an-end-to-isolation-palestine-and-the-arab-revolutions/" rel="bookmark">An end to isolation? Palestine and the Arab revolutions</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on">Posted on <a href="https://isj.org.uk/an-end-to-isolation-palestine-and-the-arab-revolutions/" title="3:00 am" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published updated" datetime="2015-01-05T03:00:00+00:00">5th January 2015</time></a></span><span class="byline"> by <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://isj.org.uk/author/isj846yrcat/" title="View all posts by ISJ">ISJ</a></span></span> <!-- .entry-meta --></div> <!-- .entry-header --></header> <div class="entry-summary"> <p>On 9 November 2014 Palestinian activists in villages near Jerusalem made a symbolic breach in Israel&rsquo;s apartheid wall, their way of marking the 25th anniversary of the fall of the Berlin Wall.1 The Palestinian Popular Resistance Committees said: &ldquo;No matter&hellip; <a href="https://isj.org.uk/an-end-to-isolation-palestine-and-the-arab-revolutions/" class="more-link">Continue Reading <span class="meta-nav">&rarr;</span></a></p> <!-- .entry-summary --></div> <footer class="entry-meta entry-footer"> <span class="cat-links"> <i class="ico-folder"></i> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/category/analysis/" rel="category tag">Analysis</a> </span> <span class="tags-links"> <i class="ico-tags"></i> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/arab-revolution/" rel="tag">Arab revolution</a>, <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/palestine/" rel="tag">Palestine</a> </span> <!-- .entry-meta --></footer> <!-- #post-1029--></article> <article id="post-965" class="clearfix post-965 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-analysis tag-arab-revolution tag-egypt"> <header class="clearfix entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://isj.org.uk/egypt-after-the-coup/" rel="bookmark">Egypt: after the coup</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on">Posted on <a href="https://isj.org.uk/egypt-after-the-coup/" title="4:00 pm" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published updated" datetime="2014-04-02T16:00:00+01:00">2nd April 2014</time></a></span><span class="byline"> by <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://isj.org.uk/author/isj846yrcat/" title="View all posts by ISJ">ISJ</a></span></span> <!-- .entry-meta --></div> <!-- .entry-header --></header> <div class="entry-summary"> <p>The military coup of July 2013 was a serious setback for the revolutionary movement in Egypt.1 For army leader Abdel-Fattah el-Sisi it was an act of rescuing the revolution: for Egypt&rsquo;s radical activists it was a counter-revolutionary offensive aimed to&hellip; <a href="https://isj.org.uk/egypt-after-the-coup/" class="more-link">Continue Reading <span class="meta-nav">&rarr;</span></a></p> <!-- .entry-summary --></div> <footer class="entry-meta entry-footer"> <span class="cat-links"> <i class="ico-folder"></i> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/category/analysis/" rel="category tag">Analysis</a> </span> <span class="tags-links"> <i class="ico-tags"></i> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/arab-revolution/" rel="tag">Arab revolution</a>, <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/egypt/" rel="tag">Egypt</a> </span> <!-- .entry-meta --></footer> <!-- #post-965--></article> <nav role="navigation" id="nav-below" class="paging-navigation"> <h1 class="screen-reader-text">Post navigation</h1> <div class="nav-previous"><a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/arab-revolution/page/2/" ><span class="meta-nav"><i class="ico-left-open"></i></span> Older Articles</a></div> </nav><!-- #nav-below --> <!-- #content --></div> <!-- #primary --></section> <div id="widget-area-2" class="site-sidebar widget-area" role="complementary"> <aside id="execphp-2" class="widget widget_execphp"> <div class="execphpwidget"><a href='/issue-142'><img src='/wp-content/uploads/cover142.jpg'> </a> </div> </aside><aside id="custom_html-2" class="widget_text widget widget_custom_html"><div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><div class="sidebar-content"> <h5><a href= "https://www.facebook.com/pages/International-Socialism/319434101430866"><img src="/wp-content/old-site-images/facebook.png"/> Like us on Facebook</a></h5> <h5><a href= "https://twitter.com/ISjournal"><img src="/wp-content/old-site-images/twitter.png"/> Follow us on Twitter</a></h5> </div> <br> <br> <br> <!-- Begin Mailchimp Signup Form --> <link href="//cdn-images.mailchimp.com/embedcode/classic-10_7.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> <style type="text/css"> #mc_embed_signup{background:#fff; clear:left; font:14px Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; } /* Add your own Mailchimp form style overrides in your site stylesheet or in this style block. 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class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-39 tag-link-position-13" style="font-size: 8pt;" aria-label="Education (9 items)">Education</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/egypt/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-42 tag-link-position-14" style="font-size: 11.5pt;" aria-label="Egypt (14 items)">Egypt</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/environment/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-113 tag-link-position-15" style="font-size: 15.972222222222pt;" aria-label="Environment (25 items)">Environment</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/european-union/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-118 tag-link-position-16" style="font-size: 10.916666666667pt;" aria-label="European Union (13 items)">European Union</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/fascism/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-92 tag-link-position-17" style="font-size: 14.222222222222pt;" aria-label="Fascism (20 items)">Fascism</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/france/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-31 tag-link-position-18" style="font-size: 13.444444444444pt;" aria-label="France (18 items)">France</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/germany/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-29 tag-link-position-19" style="font-size: 10.916666666667pt;" aria-label="Germany (13 items)">Germany</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/greece/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-30 tag-link-position-20" style="font-size: 10.916666666667pt;" aria-label="Greece (13 items)">Greece</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/imperialism/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-43 tag-link-position-21" style="font-size: 16.944444444444pt;" aria-label="imperialism (28 items)">imperialism</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/karl-marx/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-126 tag-link-position-22" style="font-size: 11.888888888889pt;" aria-label="Karl Marx (15 items)">Karl Marx</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/labour-party/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-36 tag-link-position-23" style="font-size: 17.333333333333pt;" aria-label="Labour Party (29 items)">Labour Party</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/lenin/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-129 tag-link-position-24" style="font-size: 8pt;" aria-label="Lenin (9 items)">Lenin</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/middle-east/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-186 tag-link-position-25" style="font-size: 9.5555555555556pt;" aria-label="Middle East (11 items)">Middle East</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/palestine/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-114 tag-link-position-26" style="font-size: 14.611111111111pt;" aria-label="Palestine (21 items)">Palestine</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/political-economy/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-200 tag-link-position-27" style="font-size: 11.5pt;" aria-label="political economy (14 items)">political economy</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/racism/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-105 tag-link-position-28" style="font-size: 11.888888888889pt;" aria-label="Racism (15 items)">Racism</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/reformism/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-165 tag-link-position-29" style="font-size: 10.138888888889pt;" aria-label="Reformism (12 items)">Reformism</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/revolution/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-143 tag-link-position-30" style="font-size: 8.7777777777778pt;" aria-label="Revolution (10 items)">Revolution</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/russian-revolution/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-109 tag-link-position-31" style="font-size: 13.833333333333pt;" aria-label="Russian Revolution (19 items)">Russian Revolution</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/scotland/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-47 tag-link-position-32" style="font-size: 8.7777777777778pt;" aria-label="Scotland (10 items)">Scotland</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/strikes/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-56 tag-link-position-33" style="font-size: 17.333333333333pt;" aria-label="Strikes (29 items)">Strikes</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/syria/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-154 tag-link-position-34" style="font-size: 8pt;" aria-label="Syria (9 items)">Syria</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/the-economic-crisis/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-67 tag-link-position-35" style="font-size: 14.222222222222pt;" aria-label="The Economic Crisis (20 items)">The Economic Crisis</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/the-far-right/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-276 tag-link-position-36" style="font-size: 12.472222222222pt;" aria-label="the far right (16 items)">the far right</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/the-united-states/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-269 tag-link-position-37" style="font-size: 9.5555555555556pt;" aria-label="The United States (11 items)">The United States</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/the-working-class/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-250 tag-link-position-38" style="font-size: 8.7777777777778pt;" aria-label="the working class (10 items)">the working class</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/tories/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-58 tag-link-position-39" style="font-size: 8.7777777777778pt;" aria-label="Tories (10 items)">Tories</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/trade-unions/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-74 tag-link-position-40" style="font-size: 14.611111111111pt;" aria-label="Trade unions (21 items)">Trade unions</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/united-states/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-251 tag-link-position-41" style="font-size: 8.7777777777778pt;" aria-label="United States (10 items)">United States</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/usa/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-70 tag-link-position-42" style="font-size: 11.5pt;" aria-label="USA (14 items)">USA</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/womens-liberation/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-225 tag-link-position-43" style="font-size: 15.777777777778pt;" aria-label="women&#039;s liberation (24 items)">women&#039;s liberation</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/womens-oppression/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-110 tag-link-position-44" style="font-size: 10.916666666667pt;" aria-label="Women&#039;s oppression (13 items)">Women&#039;s oppression</a> <a href="https://isj.org.uk/tag/working-class/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-40 tag-link-position-45" style="font-size: 10.916666666667pt;" aria-label="Working class (13 items)">Working class</a></div> </aside><!-- #widget-area-2 --></div> </div> <!-- #main --></div> <footer id="colophon" class="site-footer" role="contentinfo"> <div class="clearfix container"> <div class="site-info"> &copy; 2025 International Socialism. 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