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.infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background:#ccc">Aortopulmonary septal defect</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Medical_specialty" title="Medical specialty">Specialty</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cardiology" title="Cardiology">Cardiology</a></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236303919">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img{background:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img{background:white}}</style> <p><b>Aortopulmonary septal defect</b> is a rare <a href="/wiki/Congenital_heart_disorder" class="mw-redirect" title="Congenital heart disorder">congenital heart disorder</a> accounting for only 0.1-0.3% of congenital heart defects worldwide.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is characterized by a communication between the aortic and pulmonary arteries, with preservation of two normal semilunar valves. It is the result of an incomplete separation of the aorticopulmonary trunk that normally occurs in early <a href="/wiki/Prenatal_development" title="Prenatal development">fetal development</a> with formation of the <a href="/wiki/Spiral_septum" class="mw-redirect" title="Spiral septum">spiral septum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aortopulmonary septal defects occur in isolation in about half of cases, the remainder are associated with more complex heart abnormalities.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid9591904_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid9591904-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Causes">Causes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a 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href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b>This section is empty.</b> You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aortopulmonary_septal_defect&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2017</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diagnosis">Diagnosis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aortopulmonary_septal_defect&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Diagnosis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Subtypes">Subtypes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aortopulmonary_septal_defect&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Subtypes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are numerous types, differentiated by the extent of the defect.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid9591904_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid9591904-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These types are: </p> <ul><li>Type I: simple defects leading to communication between the ascending aorta and pulmonic trunk</li> <li>Type II: defects that extend to the origin of the right pulmonary artery</li> <li>Type III: anomalous origin of the right pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta</li></ul> <p>It is also classified as simple or complex. Simple defects are those that do not require surgical repair, occur with no other defects, or those that require minor straight-forward repair (<a href="/wiki/Patent_ductus_arteriosus" title="Patent ductus arteriosus">ductus arteriosus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Atrial_septal_defect" title="Atrial septal defect">atrial septal defect</a>). Complex defects are those that occur with other anatomical anomalies or require non-standard repair.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Management">Management</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aortopulmonary_septal_defect&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Management"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444" /><table class="box-Empty_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b>This section is empty.</b> You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aortopulmonary_septal_defect&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2017</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aortopulmonary_septal_defect&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> 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.citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFLove2015" class="citation journal cs1">Love, Barry (5 February 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/893798-overview">"Aortopulmonary Septal Defect"</a>. <i>Medscape</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Medscape&rft.atitle=Aortopulmonary+Septal+Defect&rft.date=2015-02-05&rft.aulast=Love&rft.aufirst=Barry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Femedicine.medscape.com%2Farticle%2F893798-overview&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAortopulmonary+septal+defect" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Burakovsky, V. I., Falkovsky, G. E., & Ivanitsky, A. V. (1984). Surgical repair of truncus arteriosus. <i>Pediatric cardiology</i>, <i>5</i>(2), 111-114.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid9591904-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pmid9591904_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid9591904_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMcElhinneyReddyTworetzkySilverman1998" class="citation journal cs1">McElhinney DB, Reddy VM, Tworetzky W, Silverman NH, Hanley FL (January 1998). "Early and late results after repair of aortopulmonary septal defect and associated anomalies in infants <6 months of age". <i>Am. J. Cardiol</i>. <b>81</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">195–</span>201. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0002-9149%2897%2900881-3">10.1016/S0002-9149(97)00881-3</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9591904">9591904</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Am.+J.+Cardiol.&rft.atitle=Early+and+late+results+after+repair+of+aortopulmonary+septal+defect+and+associated+anomalies+in+infants+%3C6+months+of+age&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E195-%3C%2Fspan%3E201&rft.date=1998-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0002-9149%2897%2900881-3&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F9591904&rft.aulast=McElhinney&rft.aufirst=DB&rft.au=Reddy%2C+VM&rft.au=Tworetzky%2C+W&rft.au=Silverman%2C+NH&rft.au=Hanley%2C+FL&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAortopulmonary+septal+defect" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aortopulmonary_septal_defect&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span 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class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EAECF0;color:black;">Classification</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div style="position:relative; float:right; font-size:0.8em;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4778774" class="extiw" title="d:Q4778774">D</a></div><div class="hlist" style="text-align:left;"><ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/International_Statistical_Classification_of_Diseases_and_Related_Health_Problems" class="mw-redirect" title="International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems">ICD</a>-<a href="/wiki/ICD-10" title="ICD-10">10</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en#/Q20.0">Q20.0</a>-<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en#/Q20.3">Q20.3</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en#/Q21.4">Q21.4</a></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/International_Statistical_Classification_of_Diseases_and_Related_Health_Problems" class="mw-redirect" title="International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems">ICD</a>-<a href="/wiki/List_of_ICD-9_codes" title="List of ICD-9 codes">9-CM</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icd9data.com/getICD9Code.ashx?icd9=745.0">745.0</a>-<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icd9data.com/getICD9Code.ashx?icd9=745.1">745.1</a></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" title="Medical Subject Headings">MeSH</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D001028">D001028</a></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/SNOMED_CT" title="SNOMED CT">SNOMED CT</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://snomed.info/id/17024001">17024001</a></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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talk:Congenital heart defects"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Congenital_heart_defects" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Congenital heart defects"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Congenital_heart_defects82" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Congenital_heart_defect" title="Congenital heart defect">Congenital heart defects</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Heart_septal_defect" title="Heart septal defect">Heart septal defect</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Aortopulmonary septal defect</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Double_outlet_right_ventricle" title="Double outlet right ventricle">Double outlet right ventricle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taussig%E2%80%93Bing_syndrome" title="Taussig–Bing syndrome">Taussig–Bing syndrome</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transposition_of_the_great_vessels" title="Transposition of the great vessels">Transposition of the great vessels</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dextro-Transposition_of_the_great_arteries" title="Dextro-Transposition of the great arteries">dextro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levo-Transposition_of_the_great_arteries" title="Levo-Transposition of the great arteries">levo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persistent_truncus_arteriosus" title="Persistent truncus arteriosus">Persistent truncus arteriosus</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aortopulmonary_window" title="Aortopulmonary window">Aortopulmonary window</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Atrial_septal_defect" title="Atrial septal defect">Atrial septal defect</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sinus_venosus_atrial_septal_defect" title="Sinus venosus atrial septal defect">Sinus venosus atrial septal defect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutembacher%27s_syndrome" title="Lutembacher's syndrome">Lutembacher's syndrome</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ventricular_septal_defect" title="Ventricular septal defect">Ventricular septal defect</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tetralogy_of_Fallot" title="Tetralogy of Fallot">Tetralogy of Fallot</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Atrioventricular_septal_defect" title="Atrioventricular septal defect">Atrioventricular septal defect</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ostium_primum_atrial_septal_defect" title="Ostium primum atrial septal defect">Ostium primum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Consequences</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cardiac_shunt" title="Cardiac shunt">Cardiac shunt</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cyanotic_heart_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyanotic heart disease">Cyanotic heart disease</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eisenmenger_syndrome" title="Eisenmenger syndrome">Eisenmenger syndrome</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Valvular_heart_disease" title="Valvular heart disease">Valvular heart disease</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Right</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pulmonary_valve" title="Pulmonary valve">pulmonary valves</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pulmonary_valve_stenosis" title="Pulmonary valve stenosis">stenosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulmonary_valve_insufficiency" class="mw-redirect" title="Pulmonary valve insufficiency">insufficiency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Absent_pulmonary_valve_syndrome" title="Absent pulmonary valve syndrome">absence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricuspid_valve" title="Tricuspid valve">tricuspid valves</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tricuspid_atresia" title="Tricuspid atresia">atresia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricuspid_regurgitation" title="Tricuspid regurgitation">regurgitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricuspid_valve_stenosis" title="Tricuspid valve stenosis">stenosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebstein%27s_anomaly" title="Ebstein's anomaly">Ebstein's anomaly</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Left</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aortic_valve" title="Aortic valve">aortic valves</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aortic_valve_stenosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Aortic valve stenosis">stenosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aortic_insufficiency" class="mw-redirect" title="Aortic insufficiency">insufficiency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicuspid_aortic_valve" title="Bicuspid aortic valve">bicuspid</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitral_valve" title="Mitral valve">mitral valves</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mitral_stenosis" title="Mitral stenosis">stenosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitral_regurgitation" title="Mitral regurgitation">regurgitation</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Underdeveloped <a href="/wiki/Heart_chamber" class="mw-redirect" title="Heart chamber">heart chambers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hypoplastic_right_heart_syndrome" title="Hypoplastic right heart syndrome">right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypoplastic_left_heart_syndrome" title="Hypoplastic left heart syndrome">left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uhl_anomaly" title="Uhl anomaly">Uhl anomaly</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dextrocardia" title="Dextrocardia">Dextrocardia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levocardia" title="Levocardia">Levocardia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cor_triatriatum" title="Cor triatriatum">Cor triatriatum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crisscross_heart" title="Crisscross heart">Crisscross heart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brugada_syndrome" title="Brugada syndrome">Brugada syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronary_artery_anomaly" title="Coronary artery anomaly">Coronary artery anomaly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anomalous_aortic_origin_of_a_coronary_artery" title="Anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery">Anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ventricular_inversion" title="Ventricular inversion">Ventricular inversion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><br /> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1271159938">.mw-parser-output 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