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<!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-ZK1E8XKBLT"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-ZK1E8XKBLT'); </script>  <title>WebElements Periodic Table » Mercury » biological information</title> <meta name="Description" content="This WebElements periodic table page contains biological information for the element mercury"> <meta name="keywords" content="mercury, biology, biological, hazards, abundances, chemistry, periodic table, periodic chart, periodic system, chemical elements, chemical, webelements, web-elements, Sheffield, science, element, elements, metal, gas, atoms"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_newlands/pure/pure-min.css" type="text/css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_newlands/pure/grids-responsive-min.css" type="text/css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_newlands/pure-layout-side-menu/css/layouts/side-menu.css" type="text/css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_newlands/css/webelements.css?parameter=1"> <meta name="author" content="Prof Mark Winter, University of Sheffield"> <meta name="copyright" content="Copyright 2024 Prof Mark Winter"> <link rel="index" href="./"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="../favicon.png"> <script type="text/javascript">  </script></head> <body> <div id="layout">  <a href="#menu" id="menuLink" class="menu-link">  <span></span> </a>  <div id="menu"> <div class="pure-menu"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-item logo"><a href="../" class="pure-menu-link"><img height="30" src="../_media/icons/logo_60.png" alt="WebElements logo" /></a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item v"> <div id="NavigationPanel"> <table style="nav_panel"> <tr> <th class="navpanel-d"><a title="silver" href="../silver/biology.html">Ag</a></th> <th class="navpanel-d"><a title="cadmium" href="../cadmium/biology.html">Cd</a></th> <th class="navpanel-p"><a title="indium" href="../indium/biology.html">In</a></th> </tr> <tr> <th class="navpanel-d"><a title="gold" href="../gold/biology.html">Au</a></th> <th class="navpanel-d">Hg</th> <th class="navpanel-p"><a title="thallium" href="../thallium/biology.html">Tl</a></th> </tr> <tr> <th class="navpanel-d"><a title="roentgenium" href="../roentgenium/biology.html">Rg</a></th> <th class="navpanel-d"><a title="copernicium" href="../copernicium/biology.html">Cn</a></th> <th class="navpanel-p"><a title="nihonium" href="../nihonium/biology.html">Nh</a></th> </tr> </table> </div> </li>  <li class="pure-menu-item v"> <div class="element_select_centre"><a class="imagelink" title="Switch to a different element from here" href="../index.html"><img class="" src="../_media/locs/Hg-loc.png" alt="Mercury location" /></a> </div> </li>  <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../actinium/biology.html">Actinium ☢</a></li> 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href="../carbon/biology.html">Carbon</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../cerium/biology.html">Cerium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link s" href="../caesium/biology.html">Cesium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../chlorine/biology.html">Chlorine</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../chromium/biology.html">Chromium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../cobalt/biology.html">Cobalt</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../copernicium/biology.html">Copernicium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../copper/biology.html">Copper</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../curium/biology.html">Curium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../darmstadtium/biology.html">Darmstadtium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../dubnium/biology.html">Dubnium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../dysprosium/biology.html">Dysprosium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../einsteinium/biology.html">Einsteinium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../erbium/biology.html">Erbium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../europium/biology.html">Europium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../fermium/biology.html">Fermium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../flerovium/biology.html">Flerovium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../fluorine/biology.html">Fluorine</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link s" href="../francium/biology.html">Francium</a></li> <li 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p" href="../indium/biology.html">Indium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../iodine/biology.html">Iodine</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../iridium/biology.html">Iridium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../iron/biology.html">Iron</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../krypton/biology.html">Krypton</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../lanthanum/biology.html">Lanthanum</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../lawrencium/biology.html">Lawrencium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../lead/biology.html">Lead</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link s" href="../lithium/biology.html">Lithium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../livermorium/biology.html">Livermorium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../lutetium/biology.html">Lutetium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link s" href="../magnesium/biology.html">Magnesium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../manganese/biology.html">Manganese</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../meitnerium/biology.html">Meitnerium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../mendelevium/biology.html">Mendelevium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../mercury/biology.html">Mercury</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../molybdenum/biology.html">Molybdenum</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../moscovium/biology.html">Moscovium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../neodymium/biology.html">Neodymium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../neon/biology.html">Neon</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../neptunium/biology.html">Neptunium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../nickel/biology.html">Nickel</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../nihonium/biology.html">Nihonium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../niobium/biology.html">Niobium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../nitrogen/biology.html">Nitrogen</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../nobelium/biology.html">Nobelium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../oganesson/biology.html">Oganesson ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../osmium/biology.html">Osmium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../oxygen/biology.html">Oxygen</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../palladium/biology.html">Palladium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../phosphorus/biology.html">Phosphorus</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../platinum/biology.html">Platinum</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../plutonium/biology.html">Plutonium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../polonium/biology.html">Polonium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link s" href="../potassium/biology.html">Potassium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../praseodymium/biology.html">Praseodymium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../promethium/biology.html">Promethium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../protactinium/biology.html">Protactinium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link s" href="../radium/biology.html">Radium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../radon/biology.html">Radon ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../rhenium/biology.html">Rhenium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../rhodium/biology.html">Rhodium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../roentgenium/biology.html">Roentgenium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link s" href="../rubidium/biology.html">Rubidium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../ruthenium/biology.html">Ruthenium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../rutherfordium/biology.html">Rutherfordium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../samarium/biology.html">Samarium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../scandium/biology.html">Scandium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../seaborgium/biology.html">Seaborgium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../selenium/biology.html">Selenium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../silicon/biology.html">Silicon</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../silver/biology.html">Silver</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link s" href="../sodium/biology.html">Sodium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link s" href="../strontium/biology.html">Strontium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../sulfur/biology.html">Sulfur</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../sulfur/biology.html">Sulphur</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../tantalum/biology.html">Tantalum</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../technetium/biology.html">Technetium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../tellurium/biology.html">Tellurium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../tennessine/biology.html">Tennessine ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../terbium/biology.html">Terbium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../thallium/biology.html">Thallium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../thorium/biology.html">Thorium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../thulium/biology.html">Thulium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../tin/biology.html">Tin</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../titanium/biology.html">Titanium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../tungsten/biology.html">Tungsten</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../uranium/biology.html">Uranium ☢</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../vanadium/biology.html">Vanadium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link p" href="../xenon/biology.html">Xenon</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item f"><a class="pure-menu-link f" href="../ytterbium/biology.html">Ytterbium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../yttrium/biology.html">Yttrium</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../zinc/biology.html">Zinc</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link d" href="../zirconium/biology.html">Zirconium</a></li> </ul> </div> </div>  <div class="pure-g"> <div class="pure-u-1"> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-open pure-menu-horizontal centre" role="navigation" style="background: #000 url(../_media/elements/discharge/Hg.png) repeat-y center; background-size:contain;"> <span><a class="pure-menu-heading" href="https://winter.group.shef.ac.uk/webelements/"><img height="30" src="../_media/icons/logo_60.png" alt="WebElements logo"></a> <a class="white" href="./">Mercury - <sub>80</sub>Hg</a>  <audio id="myAudio_f"> <source src="../_media/elements/snds_f/Hg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg">Your user agent does not support the HTML5 Audio element. </audio> <button class="pure-button d_button" style=" display: inline;" type="button" onclick="audf_play_pause()"> 🔊  </button> <script> function audf_play_pause() { var myAudiof = document.getElementById("myAudio_f"); if (myAudiof.paused) { myAudiof.play(); } else { myAudiof.pause(); }} </script></span> </div> </div> </div> <div id="main">  <div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-sm-1-1"> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal pure-menu-scrollable"> <a href="#" class="pure-menu-link pure-menu-heading">▸▸</a> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇬🇧 Mercury</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇺🇦 Ртуть</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇨🇳 汞</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇳🇱 Kwik</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇫🇷 Mercure</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇩🇪 Quecksilber</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇮🇱 כספית</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇮🇹 Mercurio</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇯🇵 水銀</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇵🇹 Mercúrio</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇪🇸 Mercurio</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇸🇪 Kvicksilver</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇷🇺 Ртуть</li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="pure-g"> <div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-sm-1-1"> <div class="google_navbar_positioning"> <form action="https://www.google.com" id="cse-search-box"> <div> <input type="hidden" name="cx" value="partner-pub-9334432533380510:6223510783"> <input type="hidden" name="ie" value="UTF-8"> <input type="text" name="q" size="28"> <input type="submit" name="sa" value="Search"> </div> </form> <script> </script> </div> </div> </div> <main> <div class="pure-g"> <div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-sm-1-1"> <h1 class="d">Mercury - <sub><small>80</small></sub>Hg: biological information</h1> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal pure-menu-scrollable"> <ul class="pure-menu-list z_menu"> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a href="../mercury/" class="pure-menu-link">▸▸ Hg Essentials</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../mercury/physics.html">Physical properties</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../mercury/atoms.html">Electron shell data</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../mercury/atom_sizes.html">Atom sizes</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../mercury/electronegativity.html">Electronegativity</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../mercury/isotopes.html" >Isotopes and NMR</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../mercury/crystal_structure.html">Crystal structure</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../mercury/thermochemistry.html">Thermochemistry</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../mercury/history.html">History</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../mercury/uses.html">Uses</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../mercury/geology.html">Geology</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../mercury/biology.html">Biology</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../mercury/compounds.html">Binary compounds</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../mercury/compound_properties.html" >Compound properties</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../mercury/chemistry.html">Element reactions</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item d"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../mercury/contents.html">List all Hg properties</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <p class="p_first">Mercury has no biological role but is widespread in the biosphere and in food chains, including ours.</p> <h2 class="d">Levels in humans</h2> <p>The <a href="../periodicity/abund_humans/">abundances of the elements in humans</a>.</p> <ul> <li><a href="../periodicity/abund_humans/">Human abundance by weight</a>: (no data) ppb by weight</li> <li><a href="../periodicity/abund_humans_a/">Human abundance by atoms</a>: (no data) atoms relative to C = 1000000</li> </ul> <h2 class="d">How much mercury is in your body? Find out here.</h2> <p class="p_first">You can use this form to calculate how much mercury your body contains. Enter your weight in either kilograms or pounds and click the "Calculate" button. You must enter a number, not text! <strong>Elements for which there are no data will always give a value of zero for the weight, no matter what you put in the weight box.</strong></p> <form name="wtform" method="post" action="calc"> <table class="pure-table"> <caption>Calculate how much mercury is in your body</caption> <tr><td>Enter your weight here: <input name="weight" type="text" value="0" size="10" title="Enter your weight here (must be a number!)" /> <select name="unit"><option value="1">kilograms</option><option value="2.2">pounds</option></select> <input type="button" value="Calculate!" onclick="calculate()" /></td> <td>You contain about :<input name="content" type="text" value="0" size="10" /> grams of mercury</td></tr> </table> </form> <div class="pure-g"> <div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-sm-1-1"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script>  <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:block" data-ad-client="ca-pub-9334432533380510" data-ad-slot="4479092381" data-ad-format="auto"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> </div> <figure><img class="pure-img" src= "../_media/periodicity/tables/periodic_table_heatscape_white/abund_humans_l_heat_w.png" alt="Image showing periodicity of the logarithm of the abundance of the chemical elements as a heat map on a periodic table grid." /><figcaption>Image showing periodicity of the logarithm of the abundance of the chemical elements as a heat map on a periodic table grid.</figcaption></figure> <figure><img class="pure-img" src= "../_media/periodicity/tables/periodic_table_cityscape_black/abund_humans_l_city_b.png" alt="Image showing periodicity of the logarithm of the abundance of the chemical elements as a cityscape on a periodic table grid." /><figcaption>Image showing periodicity of the logarithm of the abundance of the chemical elements as a cityscape on a periodic table grid.</figcaption></figure> <h2 class="d">Hazards and Risks</h2> <p class="p_first"><a href="../periodicity/hazards/">Hazards and risks</a> associated with mercury: <p class="p_first">Mercury is a dreadful poison and is absorbed readily through the respiratory tract, the gastrointestinal tract, and through skin. It is a cumulative poison since there are few pathways available to the body for its excretion. </p> <p>As mercury is a very volatile element, dangerous levels are readily attained in air. Mercury vapour should not exceed 0.1 mg m<sup>-3</sup> in air. Air saturated with the vapour at 20°C contains mercury in a concentration far greater than that limit. The danger increases at higher temperatures. It is therefore important that mercury be handled with care. Containers of mercury should be securely covered and spillage should be avoided. Mercury should only be handled under in a well-ventilated area. If you are in possession of any mercury you are advised to contact a properly qualified chemist or public health laboratory for its safe disposal.</p> <p>Small amounts of mercury spillage can be cleaned up by addition of sulphur powder. The resulting mixture should be disposed of carefully.</p> <p>All mercury compounds are extremely toxic and are to be avoided and should only be handled by competent personnel taking proper precautions. Organomercury compounds are particularly toxic, methyl mercury extremely so. Mercury affects the central nervous system and has bad affects upon the mouth, gums, teeth. Ultimately high exposre results in death.</p> <h2 class="d">References</h2> <ul> <li>J.E. Huheey, E.A. Keiter, and R.L. Keiter in <em><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/006042995X/webelements">Inorganic Chemistry : Principles of Structure and Reactivity</a></em>, 4th edition, HarperCollins, New York, USA, 1993.</li> <li> S. Budavari (Ed.) in <em>The Merck Index</em>, 11th ed., Merck, USA, 1989.</li> <li> N.N. Greenwood and A. Earnshaw in <em><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0750633654/webelements">Chemistry of the Elements</a></em>, 2nd edition, Butterworth, UK, 1997.</li> </ul> </main> <div id="footer"> <footer> <div class="footer"> <div class="pure-g"> <div class="pure-u-1-2 pure-u-sm-1-2 pure-u-lg-1-4 pure-menu custom-restricted-width"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-heading footer_h">Key properties</li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/eneg_pauling/">Electronegativity </a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/melting_point/">Melting point</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/density/">Density </a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/molar_volume/">Molar volume</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/ionis_energy_1/">Ionization energy (1st)</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/covalent_radius/">Covalent radius</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/metallic_radius/">Metallic radius</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/abund_crust/">Abundance: earth's crust</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="pure-u-1-2 pure-u-sm-1-2 pure-u-lg-1-4 pure-menu custom-restricted-width"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-heading footer_h">Shop</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">Sorry, shop closed</li> </ul> </div> <div class="pure-u-1-2 pure-u-sm-1-2 pure-u-lg-1-4 pure-menu custom-restricted-width"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-heading footer_h">Social</li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.facebook.com/webelements.periodic.table">Facebook</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://twitter.com/periodic_table">Twitter</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.pinterest.com/periodictable/">Pinterest</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="pure-u-1-2 pure-u-sm-1-2 pure-u-lg-1-4 pure-menu custom-restricted-width"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-heading footer_h">Administration</li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/nexus/your-privacy/" title="Your privacy">Privacy</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/nexus/about-webelements/" title="About WebElements">About</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/nexus/webelements-and-copyright/" title="Copyright information about WebElements">Copyright</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/nexus/acknowledgements/" title="Acknowledgements">Thanks...</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <address> <p> <a href="https://www.webelements.com/"><img class="logo_m" src="../_media/icons/logo_60.png" alt="WebElements home" /></a><br /> <strong>WebElements:</strong> THE periodic table on the WWW [<a href="https://www.webelements.com/">www.webelements.com</a>]<br /> <a href="https://www.webelements.com/nexus/webelements-and-copyright/">Copyright </a> 1993-2024 <a href="https://winter.group.shef.ac.uk/">Mark Winter</a> [ <a href="https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/chemistry/">The University of Sheffield </a> and WebElements Ltd, UK]. 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