CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="bo" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>མིང་རྒྱལ་རབས། - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )bowikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["0\t1\t2\t3\t4\t5\t6\t7\t8\t9", "༠\t༡\t༢\t༣\t༤\t༥\t༦\t༧\t༨\t༩"],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","ཟླ་དང་པོ།","ཟླ་གཉིས་པ།","ཟླ་གསུམ།","ཟླ་བཞི་བ།","ཟླ་ལྔ་བ།","ཟླ་དྲུག་པ།","ཟླ་བདུན་པ།","ཟླ་བརྒྱད་པ།","ཟླ་དགུ་བ།","ཟླ་བཅུ་བ།","ཟླ་བཅུ་གཅིག་པ།","ཟླ་བཅུ་གཉིས་པ།"],"wgRequestId":"3f3f9830-3a2a-41ee-880e-5363bf8d072c","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"མིང་རྒྱལ་རབས།","wgTitle":"མིང་རྒྱལ་རབས།","wgCurRevisionId":134798,"wgRevisionId":134798,"wgArticleId":6949,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["མིང་རྒྱལ་རབས།"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"bo", "wgPageContentLanguage":"bo","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"མིང་རྒྱལ་རབས།","wgRelevantArticleId":6949,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"bo","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"bo"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":500,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q9903","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands", "architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups", "ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=bo&modules=ext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=bo&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=bo&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Map_of_Ming_Chinese_empire_1415.jpg/1200px-Map_of_Ming_Chinese_empire_1415.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1780"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Map_of_Ming_Chinese_empire_1415.jpg/800px-Map_of_Ming_Chinese_empire_1415.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1187"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Map_of_Ming_Chinese_empire_1415.jpg/640px-Map_of_Ming_Chinese_empire_1415.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="949"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="མིང་རྒྱལ་རབས། - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//bo.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="རྩོམ་སྒྲིག" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (bo)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//bo.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.bo"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia ཡི་ཆ་ཤས་ཡ་ལན།" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-མིང་རྒྱལ་རབས། rootpage-མིང་རྒྱལ་རབས། skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> དཀར་ཆག </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%99%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%84%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="གཙོ་གནད་ཤོག་ངོས་ལ་གཟིགས་རོགས། [z]" accesskey="z"><span>གཙོ་གནད་ཤོག་ངོས།</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E0%BD%81%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%84%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%9E%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%92%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B" title="ལས་འཆར་སྐོར། ཁྱེད་ཀྱིས་གང་བྱེད་ཐུབ་བམ། གང་དུ་འཚོལ་དགོས་སམ།"><span>ཁོངས་མི་འདུ་ར།</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BE%9F%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%96%E0%BE%B1%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%96%E0%BC%8D" title="ཉེ་བའི་ལས་དོན་གྱི་རྒྱབ་ལྗོངས་གནས་ཚུལ་འཚོལ་བ།"><span>ད་ལྟའི་བྱ་བ།</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="ཝེ་ཁེ་སྟེང་གི་ཉེ་ཆར་བཟོ་བཅོས་ཀྱི་ཐོ། [r]" accesskey="r"><span>ཉེ་བའི་བཟོ་བཅོས།</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="སྐབས་དོན་ཤོག་ངོས་ཤིག་ཕབ་འཇུག། [x]" accesskey="x"><span>རང་མོས་ཤོག་ངོས།</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="གང་དུ་འཚོལ་བའི་གནས།"><span>རོགས་རམ།</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%99%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%84%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-bo.svg" style="width: 6.8125em; height: 2em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-bo.svg" width="92" height="18" style="width: 5.75em; height: 1.125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="འཚོལ། Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>འཚོལ།</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="འཚོལ། Wikipedia" aria-label="འཚོལ། Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="འཚོལ། Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">འཚོལ།</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="སྒེར་ཀྱི་ལག་ཆ།"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_bo.wikipedia.org&uselang=bo" class=""><span>ཞལ་འདེབས།</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="ཁྱེད་རང་ནང་འཛུལ་གནང་བར་དགའ་བསུ་ཞུ། འོན་ཀྱང་འདིར་འགན་འཁུར་བྱེད་མཁན་མེད། [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>ནང་འཛུ།</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="སྒེར་ཀྱི་ལག་ཆ།" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">སྒེར་ཀྱི་ལག་ཆ།</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_bo.wikipedia.org&uselang=bo"><span>ཞལ་འདེབས།</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="ཁྱེད་རང་ནང་འཛུལ་གནང་བར་དགའ་བསུ་ཞུ། འོན་ཀྱང་འདིར་འགན་འཁུར་བྱེད་མཁན་མེད། [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>ནང་འཛུ།</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>IP གནས་ཡུལ་འདི་ལ་གླེང་མོལ།</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Beginning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-ལོ་རྒྱུས།" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ལོ་རྒྱུས།"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">༡</span> <span>ལོ་རྒྱུས།</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ལོ་རྒྱུས།-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ཟིན་ཐོ་འམ་དཔྱད་གཞི།" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ཟིན་ཐོ་འམ་དཔྱད་གཞི།"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">༢</span> <span>ཟིན་ཐོ་འམ་དཔྱད་གཞི།</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ཟིན་ཐོ་འམ་དཔྱད་གཞི།-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-དཔྱད་གཞིའི་དཀར་ཆག།" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#དཔྱད་གཞིའི་དཀར་ཆག།"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">༣</span> <span>དཔྱད་གཞིའི་དཀར་ཆག།</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-དཔྱད་གཞིའི་དཀར་ཆག།-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ད་དུང་གཟིགས།" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ད་དུང་གཟིགས།"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">༤</span> <span>ད་དུང་གཟིགས།</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ད་དུང་གཟིགས།-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ཕྱི་ཕྱོགས་དྲ་མཐུད།" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ཕྱི་ཕྱོགས་དྲ་མཐུད།"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">༥</span> <span>ཕྱི་ཕྱོགས་དྲ་མཐུད།</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ཕྱི་ཕྱོགས་དྲ་མཐུད།-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">མིང་རྒྱལ་རབས།</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in ༡༢༥ languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-125" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">༡༢༥ languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming-dinastie" title="Ming-dinastie – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ming-dinastie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming-Dynastie" title="Ming-Dynastie – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Ming-Dynastie" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%A8%E1%88%9A%E1%8A%95%E1%8C%8D_%E1%88%A5%E1%88%AD%E1%8B%88_%E1%88%98%E1%8A%95%E1%8C%8D%E1%88%A5%E1%89%B5" title="የሚንግ ሥርወ መንግሥት – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="የሚንግ ሥርወ መንግሥት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinast%C3%ADa_Ming" title="Dinastía Ming – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Dinastía Ming" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6" title="मिंग वंश – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="मिंग वंश" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A9_%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%BA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%85%D8%A9" title="سلالة مينغ الحاكمة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سلالة مينغ الحاكمة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9_%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%AC" title="عيلة مينج – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="عيلة مينج" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinast%C3%ADa_Ming" title="Dinastía Ming – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Dinastía Ming" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Min_s%C3%BClal%C9%99si" title="Min sülaləsi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Min sülaləsi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="مین سولاله‌سی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="مین سولاله‌سی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Мин империяһы – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Мин империяһы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mingu_dinast%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Mingu dinastėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Mingu dinastėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Імперыя Мін – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Імперыя Мін" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Дынастыя Мін – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Дынастыя Мін" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Мин – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мин" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%82_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B6" title="মিং রাজবংশ – བྷང་ག་ལའི་སྐད།" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মিং রাজবংশ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="བྷང་ག་ལའི་སྐད།" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tierniezh_Ming" title="Tierniezh Ming – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Tierniezh Ming" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastija_Ming" title="Dinastija Ming – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Dinastija Ming" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Мин улас – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Мин улас" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastia_Ming" title="Dinastia Ming – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Dinastia Ming" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%ACng-di%C3%A8u" title="Mìng-dièu – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Mìng-dièu" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Импери Мин – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Импери Мин" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%86%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF" title="ئیمپراتۆریەتیی مینگ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئیمپراتۆریەتیی مینگ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%98%C3%AD%C5%A1e_Ming" title="Říše Ming – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Říše Ming" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D3%97" title="Мин империйӗ – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Мин империйӗ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brenhinllin_Ming" title="Brenhinllin Ming – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Brenhinllin Ming" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming-dynastiet" title="Ming-dynastiet – ཏེན་མག་གི་སྐད།" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ming-dynastiet" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="ཏེན་མག་གི་སྐད།" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming-Dynastie" title="Ming-Dynastie – འཇར་མན་གྱི།" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ming-Dynastie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="འཇར་མན་གྱི།" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%9C%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%B3%CE%BA" title="Δυναστεία Μινγκ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Δυναστεία Μινγκ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_dynasty" title="Ming dynasty – དབྱིན་ཇིའི་སྐད།" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ming dynasty" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="དབྱིན་ཇིའི་སྐད།" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastio_Ming" title="Dinastio Ming – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Dinastio Ming" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinast%C3%ADa_Ming" title="Dinastía Ming – ཞི་པན་ཡའི།" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Dinastía Ming" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ཞི་པན་ཡའི།" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mingi_d%C3%BCnastia" title="Mingi dünastia – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Mingi dünastia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_dinastia" title="Ming dinastia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ming dinastia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF" title="دودمان مینگ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دودمان مینگ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming-dynastia" title="Ming-dynastia – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ming-dynastia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mingi_d%C3%BCnastia" title="Mingi dünastia – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Mingi dünastia" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynastie_Ming" title="Dynastie Ming – ཧྥ་རན་སིའི་།" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Dynastie Ming" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ཧྥ་རན་སིའི་།" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming-D%C3%BCnastii" title="Ming-Dünastii – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Ming-Dünastii" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADshliocht_Ming" title="Ríshliocht Ming – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ríshliocht Ming" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%98%8E" title="明 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="明" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ACgh-shliochd_nam_Ming" title="Rìgh-shliochd nam Ming – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Rìgh-shliochd nam Ming" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinast%C3%ADa_Ming" title="Dinastía Ming – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Dinastía Ming" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_%C3%B1emo%C3%B1anga" title="Ming ñemoñanga – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Ming ñemoñanga" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%ACn-chh%C3%A8u" title="Mìn-chhèu – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Mìn-chhèu" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%AA_%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%92" title="שושלת מינג – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שושלת מינג" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6" title="मिंग राजवंश – ཧིན་དི" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मिंग राजवंश" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ཧིན་དི" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_Dynasty" title="Ming Dynasty – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Ming Dynasty" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastija_Ming" title="Dinastija Ming – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Dinastija Ming" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming-dinasztia" title="Ming-dinasztia – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ming-dinasztia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Մին դինաստիա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մին դինաստիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinasti_Ming" title="Dinasti Ming – ཨིན་དོ་ནི་སི་སྐད།" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Dinasti Ming" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="ཨིན་དོ་ནི་སི་སྐད།" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_a_Dinastia" title="Ming a Dinastia – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Ming a Dinastia" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastio_Ming" title="Dinastio Ming – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Dinastio Ming" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mingveldi%C3%B0" title="Mingveldið – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Mingveldið" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastia_Ming" title="Dinastia Ming – དབྱི་ཏ་་ལའི་མི།" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dinastia Ming" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="དབྱི་ཏ་་ལའི་མི།" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%98%8E" title="明 – ཉི་ཧོང་སྐད་" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="明" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="ཉི་ཧོང་སྐད་" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wangsa_Ming" title="Wangsa Ming – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Wangsa Ming" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="მინის დინასტია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მინის დინასტია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mi%C5%8B_Kewiya%C9%A3_K%C9%A9%C9%96%C9%9Bza%C9%A3" title="Miŋ Kewiyaɣ Kɩɖɛzaɣ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Miŋ Kewiyaɣ Kɩɖɛzaɣ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Мин династиясы – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мин династиясы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%84%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%84" title="រាជវង្សមិង – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="រាជវង្សមិង" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AA%85%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC" title="명나라 – ཁོ་རེ་ཡའི་སྐད།" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="명나라" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="ཁོ་རེ་ཡའི་སྐད།" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ternieth_Ming" title="Ternieth Ming – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Ternieth Ming" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Familia_Mim" title="Familia Mim – ལཱ་ཏིན་སྐད།" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Familia Mim" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ལཱ་ཏིན་སྐད།" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming-Dynastie" title="Ming-Dynastie – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Ming-Dynastie" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastia_Ming" title="Dinastia Ming – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Dinastia Ming" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%87%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%87" title="ລາຊະວົງມິງ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ລາຊະວົງມິງ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming%C5%B3_dinastija" title="Mingų dinastija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Mingų dinastija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minu_dinastija" title="Minu dinastija – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Minu dinastija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinasti_Ming" title="Dinasti Ming – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Dinasti Ming" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3_(%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0)" title="Минг (династија) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Минг (династија)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%82" title="മിങ് രാജവംശം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മിങ് രാജവംശം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Мин улс – སོག་སྐད།" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Мин улс" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="སོག་སྐད།" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6" title="मिंग राजवंश – མ་ར་ཐི་སྐད།" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मिंग राजवंश" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="མ་ར་ཐི་སྐད།" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinasti_Ming" title="Dinasti Ming – མ་ལ་ཡ་སྐད།" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Dinasti Ming" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="མ་ལ་ཡ་སྐད།" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%90%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%8A%E1%80%BA" title="မြင်တိုင်းပြည် – འབར་མའི་སྐད།" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မြင်တိုင်းပြည်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="འབར་མའི་སྐད།" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF_%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%87" title="مینگ سلسله – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="مینگ سلسله" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming-Dynastie" title="Ming-Dynastie – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Ming-Dynastie" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%99_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6" title="मिङ वंश – ནེ་པ་ལི" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="मिङ वंश" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="ནེ་པ་ལི" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6" title="मिङ्ग राजवंश – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="मिङ्ग राजवंश" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming-dynastie" title="Ming-dynastie – ཧའོ་ལན་སྐད།" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ming-dynastie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ཧའོ་ལན་སྐད།" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming" title="Ming – ནོ་ཝེ་སྐད།" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ming" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="ནོ་ཝེ་སྐད།" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming-dynastiet" title="Ming-dynastiet – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ming-dynastiet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastia_Ming" title="Dinastia Ming – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Dinastia Ming" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97_%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC" title="ਮਿੰਗ ਰਾਜਵੰਸ਼ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮਿੰਗ ਰਾਜਵੰਸ਼" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynastia_Ming" title="Dynastia Ming – པོ་ལན་སྐད།" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dynastia Ming" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="པོ་ལན་སྐད།" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%DA%AF_%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%AA" title="منگ سلطنت – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="منگ سلطنت" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%DA%AB_%D9%88%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%86%D9%87_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86%DB%8D" title="منګ واکمنه کورنۍ – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="منګ واکمنه کورنۍ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastia_Ming" title="Dinastia Ming – ཕི་ཐོ་ཡའི།" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Dinastia Ming" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="ཕི་ཐོ་ཡའི།" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastia_Ming" title="Dinastia Ming – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Dinastia Ming" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Империя Мин – ཨུ་རུ་སུ་སྐད་" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Империя Мин" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ཨུ་རུ་སུ་སྐད་" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD%D2%91" title="Дінастія Мінґ – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Дінастія Мінґ" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Миин династията – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Миин династията" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_Dynasty" title="Ming Dynasty – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Ming Dynasty" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastija_Ming" title="Dinastija Ming – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Dinastija Ming" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%82_%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%82%E0%B7%81%E0%B6%BA" title="මිං රාජවංශය – ཞི་ལན་སྐད།" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="මිං රාජවංශය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="ཞི་ལན་སྐད།" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_dynasty" title="Ming dynasty – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ming dynasty" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming" title="Ming – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ming" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastija_Ming" title="Dinastija Ming – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Dinastija Ming" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastia_Ming" title="Dinastia Ming – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Dinastia Ming" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Велико Царство Минг – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Велико Царство Минг" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinasti_Ming" title="Dinasti Ming – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Dinasti Ming" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mingdynastin" title="Mingdynastin – ཧྲུའི་ཏན་སྐད།" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mingdynastin" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="ཧྲུའི་ཏན་སྐད།" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_(nasaba)" title="Ming (nasaba) – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ming (nasaba)" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81" title="மிங் அரசமரபு – ཏཱ་མིལ་སྐད།" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மிங் அரசமரபு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="ཏཱ་མིལ་སྐད།" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87" title="ราชวงศ์หมิง – ཐའའི་ཡུལ་སྐད།" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ราชวงศ์หมิง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="ཐའའི་ཡུལ་སྐད།" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Min_imperi%C3%BDasy" title="Min imperiýasy – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Min imperiýasy" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastiyang_Ming" title="Dinastiyang Ming – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Dinastiyang Ming" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_Hanedan%C4%B1" title="Ming Hanedanı – ཐུར་ཁེའི་སྐད།" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ming Hanedanı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ཐུར་ཁེའི་སྐད།" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%89%DA%AD_%D8%B3%DB%87%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%89%D8%B3%D9%89" title="مىڭ سۇلالىسى – ཡུ་གུར་སྐད།" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="مىڭ سۇلالىسى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="ཡུ་གུར་སྐད།" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Династія Мін – ཡུ་ཀྲ་ནི་སྐད།" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Династія Мін" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ཡུ་ཀྲ་ནི་སྐད།" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%DA%AF_%D8%B4%D8%A7%DB%81%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%81" title="منگ شاہی سلسلہ – ཝུའུ་ཏུའུ་སྐད།" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="منگ شاہی سلسلہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ཝུའུ་ཏུའུ་སྐད།" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Min_(sulola)" title="Min (sulola) – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Min (sulola)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastia_Ming" title="Dinastia Ming – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Dinastia Ming" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nh%C3%A0_Minh" title="Nhà Minh – ཡོ་ནན་སྐད།" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nhà Minh" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ཡོ་ནན་སྐད།" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastiya_Ming" title="Dinastiya Ming – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Dinastiya Ming" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D" title="明朝 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="明朝" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="მინიშ დინასტია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მინიშ დინასტია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%92_%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A2" title="מינג דינאסטיע – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מינג דינאסטיע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mingzciuz" title="Mingzciuz – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Mingzciuz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D" title="明朝 – རྒྱ་སྐད་" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="明朝" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="རྒྱ་སྐད་" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%98%8E" title="明 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="明" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%AAng-ti%C3%A2u" title="Bêng-tiâu – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Bêng-tiâu" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%98%8E" title="大明 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="大明" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q9903#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="མིང་གནས།"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="ནང་དོན་ཀྱི་ཤོག་ངོས་ལ་གཟིགས་རོགས། [c]" accesskey="c"><span>རྩོམ་ཡིག</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="ཤོག་ངོས་ཀྱི་ནང་དོན་གྲོས་མོལ། (ཤོག་ངོས་མེད་པ།) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>གྲོས་བསྡུར།</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">བོད་ཡིག</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="ལྟ་ཞིབ།"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D"><span>ཀློག་པ།</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D&action=edit" title="Edit the source code of this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>རྩོམ་སྒྲིག</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D&action=history" title="ཤོག་ངོས་འདིའི་བསྐྱར་བཅོས་སྔ་མ། [h]" accesskey="h"><span>ལོ་རྒྱུས་ལ་ལྟ་བ།</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ལག་ཆ།" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ལག་ཆ།</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D"><span>ཀློག་པ།</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D&action=edit" title="Edit the source code of this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>རྩོམ་སྒྲིག</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D&action=history"><span>ལོ་རྒྱུས་ལ་ལྟ་བ།</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="འདིར་སྦྲེལ་ཡོད་པའི་ཝེ་ཁེ་ཤོག་ངོས་ཧྲིལ་པོའི་ཐོ། [j]" accesskey="j"><span>གང་དག་ལ་སྦྲེལ་ཡོད།</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" rel="nofollow" title="ཤོག་ངོས་འདི་དང་སྤྲེལ་བའི་ཤོག་ངོས་གཞན་ཐོག་གི་ཉེ་བའི་བཟོ་བཅོས། [k]" accesskey="k"><span>འབྲེལ་བའི་བཟོ་བཅོས།</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=bo" title="ཡིག་ཆ་ཡར་འཇུག [u]" accesskey="u"><span>ཡར་འཇོག</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="ཆེད་ལས་ཤོག་ངོས་ཀྱི་ཐོ་གཞུང་། [q]" accesskey="q"><span>དམིཊ་བསལ་གྱི་བཟོ་བཅོས།</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D&oldid=134798" title="བཟོ་འཅོས་ཤོག་ངོས་འདིའི་བརྟན་འཇགས་ཀྱི་སྦྲེལ་མཐུད།"><span>རྟག་བརྟན་གྱི་དྲ་འབྲེལ།</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D&id=134798&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>རྩོམ་འདི་འདྲེན་པ།</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbo.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25BD%2598%25E0%25BD%25B2%25E0%25BD%2584%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%25A2%25E0%25BE%2592%25E0%25BE%25B1%25E0%25BD%25A3%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%25A2%25E0%25BD%2596%25E0%25BD%25A6%25E0%25BC%258D"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbo.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25BD%2598%25E0%25BD%25B2%25E0%25BD%2584%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%25A2%25E0%25BE%2592%25E0%25BE%25B1%25E0%25BD%25A3%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%25A2%25E0%25BD%2596%25E0%25BD%25A6%25E0%25BC%258D"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D"><span>དེབ་ཅིག་སྒྲིག་པ།</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D&action=show-download-screen"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D&printable=yes" title="ཤོག་ངོས་འདིའི་དཔར་རུང་བའི་འགྱུར། [p]" accesskey="p"><span>དཔར་ཐུབ་པའི་དྲ་ངོས།</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ལས་གཞི་གཞན་དག། </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ming_Dynasty" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q9903" title="Link to connected data repository item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">ཡོང་ཁུངས་Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="bo" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_Ming_Chinese_empire_1415.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Map_of_Ming_Chinese_empire_1415.jpg/250px-Map_of_Ming_Chinese_empire_1415.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="371" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Map_of_Ming_Chinese_empire_1415.jpg/375px-Map_of_Ming_Chinese_empire_1415.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Map_of_Ming_Chinese_empire_1415.jpg/500px-Map_of_Ming_Chinese_empire_1415.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1577" data-file-height="2339" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><b>མིང་རྒྱལ་རབས་</b>(༡༣༦༨_༡༦༤༤) </p><p><br /> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ལོ་རྒྱུས།"><span id=".E0.BD.A3.E0.BD.BC.E0.BC.8B.E0.BD.A2.E0.BE.92.E0.BE.B1.E0.BD.B4.E0.BD.A6.E0.BC.8D"></span>ལོ་རྒྱུས།</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D&action=edit&section=1" title="རྩོམ་སྒྲིག་སྡེ་ཚན།：ལོ་རྒྱུས།"><span>རྩོམ་སྒྲིག</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ཟིན་ཐོ་འམ་དཔྱད་གཞི།"><span id=".E0.BD.9F.E0.BD.B2.E0.BD.93.E0.BC.8B.E0.BD.90.E0.BD.BC.E0.BC.8B.E0.BD.A0.E0.BD.98.E0.BC.8B.E0.BD.91.E0.BD.94.E0.BE.B1.E0.BD.91.E0.BC.8B.E0.BD.82.E0.BD.9E.E0.BD.B2.E0.BC.8D"></span>ཟིན་ཐོ་འམ་དཔྱད་གཞི།</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D&action=edit&section=2" title="རྩོམ་སྒྲིག་སྡེ་ཚན།：ཟིན་ཐོ་འམ་དཔྱད་གཞི།"><span>རྩོམ་སྒྲིག</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="དཔྱད་གཞིའི་དཀར་ཆག།"><span id=".E0.BD.91.E0.BD.94.E0.BE.B1.E0.BD.91.E0.BC.8B.E0.BD.82.E0.BD.9E.E0.BD.B2.E0.BD.A0.E0.BD.B2.E0.BC.8B.E0.BD.91.E0.BD.80.E0.BD.A2.E0.BC.8B.E0.BD.86.E0.BD.82.E0.BC.8D"></span>དཔྱད་གཞིའི་དཀར་ཆག།</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D&action=edit&section=3" title="རྩོམ་སྒྲིག་སྡེ་ཚན།：དཔྱད་གཞིའི་དཀར་ཆག།"><span>རྩོམ་སྒྲིག</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ད་དུང་གཟིགས།"><span id=".E0.BD.91.E0.BC.8B.E0.BD.91.E0.BD.B4.E0.BD.84.E0.BC.8B.E0.BD.82.E0.BD.9F.E0.BD.B2.E0.BD.82.E0.BD.A6.E0.BC.8D"></span>ད་དུང་གཟིགས།</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D&action=edit&section=4" title="རྩོམ་སྒྲིག་སྡེ་ཚན།：ད་དུང་གཟིགས།"><span>རྩོམ་སྒྲིག</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ཕྱི་ཕྱོགས་དྲ་མཐུད།"><span id=".E0.BD.95.E0.BE.B1.E0.BD.B2.E0.BC.8B.E0.BD.95.E0.BE.B1.E0.BD.BC.E0.BD.82.E0.BD.A6.E0.BC.8B.E0.BD.91.E0.BE.B2.E0.BC.8B.E0.BD.98.E0.BD.90.E0.BD.B4.E0.BD.91.E0.BC.8D"></span>ཕྱི་ཕྱོགས་དྲ་མཐུད།</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D&action=edit&section=5" title="རྩོམ་སྒྲིག་སྡེ་ཚན།：ཕྱི་ཕྱོགས་དྲ་མཐུད།"><span>རྩོམ་སྒྲིག</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">"<a dir="ltr" href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=མིང་རྒྱལ་རབས།&oldid=134798">https://bo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=མིང་རྒྱལ་རབས།&oldid=134798</a>"ལས་སླར་རྙེད་སོང།</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">སྡེ་ཚན་ ༡</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="Category:མིང་རྒྱལ་རབས།">མིང་རྒྱལ་རབས།</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> ཤོག་ངོས་འདི་ཡི་བཟོ་བཅོས་མཐའ་མ་༢༦ ཟླ་གསུམ། ༢༠༡༨ ཀྱི་ ༠༠:༢༢ ལ་རེད།</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; additional terms may apply. See <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Terms of Use</a> for details.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">གསང་དོན་གན་རྒྱ།</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%90%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8D">Wikipediaཡི་སྐོར།</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%84%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%81%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%96%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%80%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%A4%E0%BE%B2%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%81%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%A9%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8D">བདག་སྤྲོད་འདོར་མཁན།</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/bo.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//bo.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">ཁ་པར་ལྟ་རྣམ།</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-688fc9465-7bhvz","wgBackendResponseTime":223,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.012","walltime":"0.020","ppvisitednodes":{"value":15,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":0,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":0,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":2,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":0,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 0.000 1 -total"]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f6c4465bd-4mc7c","timestamp":"20241114180834","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u0f58\u0f72\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f92\u0fb1\u0f63\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f56\u0f66\u0f0d","url":"https:\/\/bo.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q9903","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q9903","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2010-02-26T09:29:23Z","dateModified":"2018-03-26T00:22:23Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/c\/c6\/Map_of_Ming_Chinese_empire_1415.jpg"}</script> </body> </html>