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vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innhold</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Til toppen)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Historikk_og_virkemåte" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historikk_og_virkemåte"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Historikk og virkemåte</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historikk_og_virkemåte-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kommersiell_drift" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kommersiell_drift"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Kommersiell drift</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kommersiell_drift-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Militær_hovercraft" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Militær_hovercraft"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Militær hovercraft</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Militær_hovercraft-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hoverbarge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hoverbarge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Hoverbarge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hoverbarge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hobby" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hobby"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Hobby</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hobby-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Se_også" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Se_også"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Se også</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Se_også-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_lenker" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_lenker"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Eksterne lenker</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_lenker-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Luftputefartøy</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikkel på et annet språk. Tilgjengelig på 65 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-65" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">65 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luftpudeb%C3%A5d" title="Luftpudebåd – dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Luftpudebåd" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sv%C3%A4vare" title="Svävare – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Svävare" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skeertuig" title="Skeertuig – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Skeertuig" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A9" title="حوامة – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حوامة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerodeslizador" title="Aerodeslizador – asturisk" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Aerodeslizador" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoverkraft" title="Hoverkraft – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Hoverkraft" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%9F" title="হোভারক্রাফট – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হোভারক্রাফট" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%88%D1%86%D1%8B" title="Судна на паветранай падушцы – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Судна на паветранай падушцы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Съд на въздушна възглавница – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Съд на въздушна възглавница" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerolliscador" title="Aerolliscador – katalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Aerolliscador" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vzn%C3%A1%C5%A1edlo" title="Vznášedlo – tsjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vznášedlo" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tsjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hofranlong" title="Hofranlong – walisisk" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Hofranlong" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luftkissenfahrzeug" title="Luftkissenfahrzeug – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Luftkissenfahrzeug" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B5ljuk" title="Hõljuk – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Hõljuk" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%8C%CF%83%CF%84%CF%81%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%BD%CE%BF" title="Αερόστρωμνο – gresk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αερόστρωμνο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gresk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hovercraft" title="Hovercraft – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Hovercraft" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerodeslizador" title="Aerodeslizador – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Aerodeslizador" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeroglita_boato" title="Aeroglita boato – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Aeroglita boato" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerolabaingailu" title="Aerolabaingailu – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Aerolabaingailu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88" title="هواناو – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هواناو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A9roglisseur" title="Aéroglisseur – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Aéroglisseur" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luchtkessenreau" title="Luchtkessenreau – vestfrisisk" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Luchtkessenreau" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="vestfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sciorr%C3%A1rthach" title="Sciorrárthach – irsk" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Sciorrárthach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A0ta-foluaimein" title="Bàta-foluaimein – skotsk-gælisk" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Bàta-foluaimein" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="skotsk-gælisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeroescorregador" title="Aeroescorregador – galisisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Aeroescorregador" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%98%B8%EB%B2%84%ED%81%AC%EB%9E%98%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8" title="호버크래프트 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="호버크래프트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F" title="हावरक्राफ्ट – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हावरक्राफ्ट" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebdjelica" title="Lebdjelica – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Lebdjelica" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapal_bantalan_udara" title="Kapal bantalan udara – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kapal bantalan udara" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hovercraft" title="Hovercraft – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Hovercraft" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%97%D7%A4%D7%AA" title="רחפת – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רחפת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%90%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98_%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ჰაერბალიშიანი გემი – georgisk" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჰაერბალიშიანი გემი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laivas_su_oro_pagalve" title="Laivas su oro pagalve – litauisk" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Laivas su oro pagalve" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liscador" title="Liscador – lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Liscador" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9gp%C3%A1rn%C3%A1s_haj%C3%B3" title="Légpárnás hajó – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Légpárnás hajó" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Лебдилка – makedonsk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Лебдилка" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C" title="ഹോവർക്രാഫ്റ്റ്‌ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഹോവർക്രാഫ്റ്റ്‌" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%AA" title="هاورکرافت – mazandarani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="هاورکرافت" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoverkraf" title="Hoverkraf – malayisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Hoverkraf" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malayisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%89%E1%80%BA" title="ရှပ်ပြေးယာဉ် – burmesisk" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ရှပ်ပြေးယာဉ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hovercraft" title="Hovercraft – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hovercraft" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lochtkussenvoertuug" title="Lochtkussenvoertuug – nedersaksisk" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Lochtkussenvoertuug" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="nedersaksisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9B%E3%83%90%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%83%95%E3%83%88" title="ホバークラフト – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ホバークラフト" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%B9" title="ہوورکرافٹ – vestpunjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ہوورکرافٹ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="vestpunjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poduszkowiec" title="Poduszkowiec – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Poduszkowiec" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hovercraft" title="Hovercraft – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hovercraft" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pernopter" title="Pernopter – rumensk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Pernopter" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B5" title="Судно на воздушной подушке – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Судно на воздушной подушке" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BA" title="වායුපායානය – singalesisk" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="වායුපායානය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hovercraft" title="Hovercraft – enkel engelsk" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Hovercraft" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="enkel engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vzn%C3%A1%C5%A1adlo" title="Vznášadlo – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Vznášadlo" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoverkraft" title="Hoverkraft – slovensk" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Hoverkraft" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B4%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Лебдјелица – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Лебдјелица" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilmatyynyalus" title="Ilmatyynyalus – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ilmatyynyalus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%88_%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81" title="காற்றுமெத்தை உந்து – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="காற்றுமெத்தை உந்து" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AE%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C" title="เรือโฮเวอร์คราฟต์ – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เรือโฮเวอร์คราฟต์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D2%B3%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Киштии ҳавоболин – tadsjikisk" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Киштии ҳавоболин" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadsjikisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hava_yast%C4%B1kl%C4%B1_tekne" title="Hava yastıklı tekne – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hava yastıklı tekne" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%88%D1%86%D1%96" title="Судно на повітряній подушці – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Судно на повітряній подушці" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%81" title="حوامہ – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="حوامہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ca_n%C3%B4_%C4%91%E1%BB%87m_kh%C3%AD" title="Ca nô đệm khí – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ca nô đệm khí" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hovercraft" title="Hovercraft – waray-waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Hovercraft" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray-waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%94%E5%9E%AB%E8%88%B9" title="气垫船 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="气垫船" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%A3%E5%A2%8A%E8%88%B9" title="氣墊船 – kantonesisk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="氣墊船" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%A3%E5%A2%8A%E8%88%B9" title="氣墊船 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="氣墊船" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q185757#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Rediger lenker til artikkelen på andre språk" class="wbc-editpage">Rediger lenker</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Navnerom"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Luftputefart%C3%B8y" title="Vis innholdssiden [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskusjon:Luftputefart%C3%B8y" rel="discussion" title="Diskusjon om innholdssiden [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskusjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Bytt språkvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">norsk bokmål</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visninger"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Luftputefart%C3%B8y"><span>Les</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luftputefart%C3%B8y&veaction=edit" title="Rediger siden [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Rediger</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luftputefart%C3%B8y&action=edit" title="Rediger kildekoden for denne siden [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Rediger kilde</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luftputefart%C3%B8y&action=history" title="Tidligere sideversjoner av denne siden [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Vis historikk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sideverktøy"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verktøy" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Verktøy</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Verktøy</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Flere alternativer" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Handlinger </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Luftputefart%C3%B8y"><span>Les</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luftputefart%C3%B8y&veaction=edit" title="Rediger siden [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Rediger</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luftputefart%C3%B8y&action=edit" title="Rediger kildekoden for denne siden [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Rediger kilde</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luftputefart%C3%B8y&action=history"><span>Vis historikk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Generelt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Lenker_hit/Luftputefart%C3%B8y" title="Liste over alle wikisider som lenker hit [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Lenker hit</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Relaterte_endringer/Luftputefart%C3%B8y" rel="nofollow" title="Siste endringer i sider som blir lenket fra denne siden [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Relaterte endringer</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=no" title="Last opp filer [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Last opp fil</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Spesialsider" title="Liste over alle spesialsider [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Spesialsider</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luftputefart%C3%B8y&oldid=22278355" title="Permanent lenke til denne versjonen av siden"><span>Permanent lenke</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luftputefart%C3%B8y&action=info" title="Mer informasjon om denne siden"><span>Sideinformasjon</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Siteringshjelp&page=Luftputefart%C3%B8y&id=22278355&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasjon om hvordan denne siden kan siteres"><span>Siter denne siden</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fno.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FLuftputefart%25C3%25B8y"><span>Hent forkortet URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a 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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Hovercraft" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q185757" title="Lenke til koblet dataregisterelement [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-element</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sideverktøy"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" 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class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b>Kildeløs</b>: Denne artikkelen mangler <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bruk_av_kilder" title="Wikipedia:Bruk av kilder">kildehenvisninger</a>, og opplysningene i den kan dermed være vanskelige å <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiserbarhet" title="Wikipedia:Verifiserbarhet">verifisere</a>. Kildeløst materiale kan bli <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiserbarhet#Bevisbyrden" title="Wikipedia:Verifiserbarhet">fjernet</a>. Helt uten kilder. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">10. okt. 2015</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:SRN4_Hovercraft_Mountbatten_Class.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/SRN4_Hovercraft_Mountbatten_Class.jpg/250px-SRN4_Hovercraft_Mountbatten_Class.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/SRN4_Hovercraft_Mountbatten_Class.jpg/375px-SRN4_Hovercraft_Mountbatten_Class.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/SRN4_Hovercraft_Mountbatten_Class.jpg/500px-SRN4_Hovercraft_Mountbatten_Class.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1756" data-file-height="1128" /></a><figcaption>BHC SR-N4 Verdens største hovercraft for biler og passasjerer</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Luftputefartøy</b> (også kalt <b>luftputebåt</b> og <b>svevebåt</b>) er et hurtiggående <a href="/wiki/Fart%C3%B8y" title="Fartøy">fartøy</a> som ved hjelp av overtrykk kan holde seg svevende på en «pute» av luft over underlaget, og har mulighet til å forflytte seg over land og vann. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historikk_og_virkemåte"><span id="Historikk_og_virkem.C3.A5te"></span>Historikk og virkemåte</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luftputefart%C3%B8y&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Rediger avsnitt: Historikk og virkemåte" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luftputefart%C3%B8y&action=edit&section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Historikk og virkemåte"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Den første nedtegnede ideen til en båt på en luftpute var svensk. I <a href="/wiki/1716" title="1716">1716</a> beskrev <a href="/wiki/Emanuel_Swedenborg" title="Emanuel Swedenborg">Emanuel Swedenborg</a> en oppnedvendt båtlignende ting som skulle roes ved hjelp av øsekarlignende årer som samtidig skulle vedlikeholde luftputen. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Isaac_Thornycroft&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Isaac Thornycroft (ikke skrevet ennå)">John Isaac Thornycroft</a> bygget på midten av 1870-tallet en serie modeller basert på å få luft mellom skrog og vann for å redusere friksjon. Selv om han fikk en rekke patenter, kom ingen i praktisk bruk. I årene etter har flere vært inne på samme tanke. </p><p>Den finske ingeniøren <i>Toivo J. Kaario</i> begynte å lage en fungerende modell i 1931, og har patenter som viser at han er bygger av den første fungerende <i>pintaliitäjä</i>. Økonomisk ble saken en fiasko og skrinlagt. </p><p>I midten av 1930-årene laget Sovjet-ingeniøren <i>Vladimir Levkov</i> ca. 20 eksperimentelle landgangsfartøyer og raske torpedobåter som ble holdt i luften av to vifter som trakk luft under skroget og en luftpropell til framdrift. I test klarte en av angrepsbåtene en hastighet på 130 km/t eller ca. 70 knop. </p><p>I USA fant <i>Charles J. Fletcher</i> opp en «Glidemobile» som skulle fange luft under seg, slik at den kunne gå både på jord og vann. Saken ble beslaglagt av myndighetene og stemplet som hemmelig. Forholdet var lite kjent fram til <i>British Hovercraft Ltd</i> anla sak mot den amerikanske staten, fordi Christopher Cockerells patent ble krenket. De tapte rettssaken, men ennå en amerikaner måtte erstattes for at det engelske patentet skulle gjelde. Melville W. Beardsley bygde sin Aeromobile 35-B og ble avbildet i 1959 i julinummeret av magasinet <i>Popular Science</i>. </p><p>Den britiske oppfinneren <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christopher_Cockerell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christopher Cockerell (ikke skrevet ennå)">Christopher Cockerell</a> arbeidet i 1952 med luft som friksjonsdemper for småbåter. Derfra ble arbeidet rettet mot større luftvolum i puten. Han laget små modeller bygd med støvsugermotorer og blikkbokser. Patentet med hovercraft-prinsippet ble hemmeligstemplet som potensielt strategisk. Først i 1958 fikk <i>the National Research and Development Corporation</i> lov å arbeide videre med saken. Oppfinneren fikk £1000 for sine rettigheter og <i>Saunders-Roe</i> bygde <i>SR-N1</i> i tråd med Cockerells design. Den ble sendt over <a href="/wiki/Den_engelske_kanal" title="Den engelske kanal">Den engelske kanal</a> fra Frankrike til Storbritannia på 50-årsdagen for <a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Bl%C3%A9riots&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louis Blériots (ikke skrevet ennå)">Louis Blériots</a> kryssing av kanalen. Cockerell ble adlet i 1969. </p><p><b>Om utformingen</b> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Hovercraft-MVPP10.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Hovercraft-MVPP10.jpg/250px-Hovercraft-MVPP10.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Hovercraft-MVPP10.jpg/375px-Hovercraft-MVPP10.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Hovercraft-MVPP10.jpg/500px-Hovercraft-MVPP10.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1295" data-file-height="971" /></a><figcaption>Passasjer-luftputebåt</figcaption></figure> <p>Luftputefartøy kan ha en eller flere motorer, noen modeller finnes også med girkasse, som splitter drivkraften til vifter som presser luft inn i et hulrom underst, samt til framdrift. Luften som pumpes ned kan bare slippe ut ved å løfte fartøyet høyt nok. Noen bruker bevegelige «skjørtekanter» som sørger for at mesteparten av lufta går ut bak og dermed gir framdrift. Dette ble oppfunnet av en marineoffiser som solgte ideen til Westland-konsernet. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kommersiell_drift">Kommersiell drift</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luftputefart%C3%B8y&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Rediger avsnitt: Kommersiell drift" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luftputefart%C3%B8y&action=edit&section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Kommersiell drift"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>SR-N1 kunne transportere 12 fullt utstyrte marinesoldater i tillegg til fører og styrmann uten å miste vesentlig høyde. Denne modellen var ikke utstyrt med skjørt for å presse luften bak under skroget. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:%D0%A1%D0%92%D0%9F_%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%83%D1%81-10_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B5.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/%D0%A1%D0%92%D0%9F_%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%83%D1%81-10_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B5.JPG/250px-%D0%A1%D0%92%D0%9F_%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%83%D1%81-10_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B5.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/%D0%A1%D0%92%D0%9F_%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%83%D1%81-10_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B5.JPG/375px-%D0%A1%D0%92%D0%9F_%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%83%D1%81-10_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B5.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/%D0%A1%D0%92%D0%9F_%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%83%D1%81-10_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B5.JPG/500px-%D0%A1%D0%92%D0%9F_%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%83%D1%81-10_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B5.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>Hivus-10 luftputefartøy</figcaption></figure> <p>Første rute med luftputebåt var mellom de nord-walisiske byene <a href="/w/index.php?title=Moreton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moreton (ikke skrevet ennå)">Moreton</a> (Merseyside) og <a href="/wiki/Rhyl" title="Rhyl">Rhyl</a>. Den hadde propelldrevet framdrift og ble holdt oppe av to <a href="/wiki/Turbo-prop" class="mw-redirect" title="Turbo-prop">turbo-prop</a>-flymotorer. I 1960-årene ble det utviklet flere modeller som ble satt i rutetrafikk langs kysten av Storbritannia, hovedsakelig i Irskesjøen. Per 2004 var det totale passasjertallet over 20 millioner. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Hivus-48_hovercraft_working_at_Nizhniy_Novgorod-Bor_crossing.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Hivus-48_hovercraft_working_at_Nizhniy_Novgorod-Bor_crossing.jpg/250px-Hivus-48_hovercraft_working_at_Nizhniy_Novgorod-Bor_crossing.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Hivus-48_hovercraft_working_at_Nizhniy_Novgorod-Bor_crossing.jpg/375px-Hivus-48_hovercraft_working_at_Nizhniy_Novgorod-Bor_crossing.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Hivus-48_hovercraft_working_at_Nizhniy_Novgorod-Bor_crossing.jpg/500px-Hivus-48_hovercraft_working_at_Nizhniy_Novgorod-Bor_crossing.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>A48 luftputefartøy på elven Volga</figcaption></figure> <p>Fra 1966 av ble to kanalferjer satt i drift mellom <a href="/wiki/Ramsgate" title="Ramsgate">Ramsgate</a> og <a href="/wiki/Calais" title="Calais">Calais</a>, og fra <a href="/wiki/Dover" title="Dover">Dover</a> til Calais. Andre fabrikanter kom på banen med noe endrede konstruksjoner, men <a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Hovercraft_Corporation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="British Hovercraft Corporation (ikke skrevet ennå)">British Hovercraft Corporation</a> (BHC) holdt <a href="/wiki/Hegemoni" title="Hegemoni">hegemoniet</a>. </p><p>Bilferjene kom i drift fra 1968 fra spesialbygde terminaler på begge sider av kanalen. Den første SR-N4 hadde 4 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolls-Royce_Proteus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rolls-Royce Proteus (ikke skrevet ennå)">Rolls-Royce Proteus</a> gassturbinmotorer og tok 254 passasjerer og 30 biler i 83 knops fart. Senere modeller tok opptil 418 passasjerer og 60 biler. Overfarten tok 30 minutter. Franskmennene bygde sin egen versjon for 385 passasjerer og 45 biler, men den ble lite brukt grunnet hyppige tekniske problemer. </p><p>Luftputefartøystrafikken mellom Storbritannia og Frankrike ble i 2000 avviklet da tunnelbanen under Den engelske kanal (<a href="/wiki/Eurostar" title="Eurostar">Eurostar</a>) og de tradisjonelle ferjene tok over markedet. </p><p>Postverket i <a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a> åpnet en rute til byen Bethel i 1998. Den engelskbygde Hoverwork AP.1-88 viste seg bra egnet til de lokale klimaforhold, i motsetning til snøscooterruter som var alternativet. </p><p>Drivstofføkonomien ved å gå over til katamaranbåter førte til drastisk fall i bruk av Hovercraft. Den engelske redningstjenesten har likevel kjøpt inn en del fartøyer som er egnet til redning langs tidevannsbeltene. I <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a> brukes de til operasjoner i søle- og myrområder og under usikre isforhold, mens <a href="/wiki/SAS" class="mw-redirect" title="SAS">SAS</a> har hatt en rute mellom Kastrup og Malmö. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:USN_hovercraft.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/USN_hovercraft.jpg/250px-USN_hovercraft.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/USN_hovercraft.jpg/375px-USN_hovercraft.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/USN_hovercraft.jpg/500px-USN_hovercraft.jpg 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="464" /></a><figcaption>U.S. Navy hovercraft tilknyttet <i>USS Kearsarge (LHD-3)</i></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Militær_hovercraft"><span id="Milit.C3.A6r_hovercraft"></span>Militær hovercraft</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luftputefart%C3%B8y&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Rediger avsnitt: Militær hovercraft" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luftputefart%C3%B8y&action=edit&section=3" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Militær hovercraft"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Det britiske forsvaret tok i bruk hovercraft tidlig, og har eget treningsfelt for dette. Nåværende versjon i bruk er Griffon 2000TDX, som brukes ved den britiske enheten i <a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a>. Amerikanske styrker brukte sin versjon på prøve i <a href="/wiki/Mekong" title="Mekong">Mekong</a>-deltaet. Erfaringene derfra er bygd inn i <i>LCAC</i> som er dagens versjon med turbiner i alle fire hjørnene. Sovjet-samveldet var tidlig ute med sin <i>Bora</i> som var et utskytningsfartøy for styrte missiler. </p><p>Den finske marinen konstruerte en angrepsbåt i <i>Tuuli-klassen</i> som var svært vellykket. Prosjektet ble frafalt av både økonomiske og politiske årsaker. Hellas har kjøpt 4 russiske konstruksjoner, som er verdens største luftputelandingsfartøyer for militær bruk. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hoverbarge">Hoverbarge</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luftputefart%C3%B8y&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Rediger avsnitt: Hoverbarge" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luftputefart%C3%B8y&action=edit&section=4" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Hoverbarge"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fordelen med luftpute til annen transport ble først oversett. Først i 1970-årene begynte en å lage transportplattformer: «prammer» som kunne taues over myr og åker uten store hjulspor. </p><p>Slike lages fortsatt, i dag med kapasitet opp mot 330 tonn. Bruk varierer fra trafikk på Yukon-elva til myrlende og ørkensand. </p><p>Hoverbarge-teknologien er forskjellig fra høyhastighetsfartøyene, mest ved at der brukes lavere arbeidstrykk og typiske komponenter som passer for teknologinivået der de brukes. Kraftbehovet for å flytte rundt på en 200-tonner i 5 knops fart er oppgitt til 5 tonn. Behovet for avanserte konstruksjoner er minimal så lenge underlaget er noen lunde jevnt. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hobby">Hobby</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luftputefart%C3%B8y&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Rediger avsnitt: Hobby" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luftputefart%C3%B8y&action=edit&section=5" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Hobby"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Selvkonstruerte luftputefartøy og byggesett finnes i salg flere steder der terrenget passer til det. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Se_også"><span id="Se_ogs.C3.A5"></span>Se også</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luftputefart%C3%B8y&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Rediger avsnitt: Se også" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luftputefart%C3%B8y&action=edit&section=6" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Se også"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hydrofoil" title="Hydrofoil">Hydrofoil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekranoplan" title="Ekranoplan">Ekranoplan</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_lenker">Eksterne lenker</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luftputefart%C3%B8y&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Rediger avsnitt: Eksterne lenker" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luftputefart%C3%B8y&action=edit&section=7" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Eksterne lenker"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="bjeller languageicon" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);cursor:help;" title="engelsk">(en)</span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hovercraft" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Hovercraft">Hovercraft</a> – kategori av bilder, video eller lyd på <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Commons</a> <span class="noprint plainlinks wikidata-linkback wd_p373"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185757?uselang=nb#P373" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="bjeller languageicon" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);cursor:help;" title="engelsk">(en)</span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Hovercraft" class="extiw" title="commons:Hovercraft">Hovercraft</a> – galleri av bilder, video eller lyd på <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Commons</a> <span class="noprint plainlinks wikidata-linkback wd_p935"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185757?uselang=nb#P935" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" 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