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</div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hammanskraal</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammanskraal" title="Hammanskraal – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Hammanskraal" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammanskraal" title="Hammanskraal – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hammanskraal" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammanskraal" title="Hammanskraal – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Hammanskraal" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tn mw-list-item"><a href="https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammanskraal" title="Hammanskraal – Tswana" lang="tn" hreflang="tn" data-title="Hammanskraal" data-language-autonym="Setswana" data-language-local-name="Tswana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Setswana</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4936332#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hammanskraal" title="View the 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Hammanskraal&params=25_24_S_28_17_E_region:ZA_type:city(21345)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">25°24′S</span> <span class="longitude">28°17′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">25.400°S 28.283°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-25.400; 28.283</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Region in northern Gauteng province, South Africa</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Hammanskraal%22">"Hammanskraal"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Hammanskraal%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Hammanskraal%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Hammanskraal%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Hammanskraal%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Hammanskraal%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2009</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Place in Gauteng, South Africa</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Hammanskraal</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-other-name">Hamitown, Skraal</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hammanskraal,_besigheidsdistrik.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Business district of Hammanskraal"><img alt="Business district of Hammanskraal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Hammanskraal%2C_besigheidsdistrik.jpg/250px-Hammanskraal%2C_besigheidsdistrik.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Hammanskraal%2C_besigheidsdistrik.jpg/375px-Hammanskraal%2C_besigheidsdistrik.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Hammanskraal%2C_besigheidsdistrik.jpg/500px-Hammanskraal%2C_besigheidsdistrik.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2266" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Business district of Hammanskraal</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:South_Africa_Gauteng_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hammanskraal is located in Gauteng"><img alt="Hammanskraal is located in Gauteng" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/South_Africa_Gauteng_location_map.svg/250px-South_Africa_Gauteng_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="246" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/South_Africa_Gauteng_location_map.svg/375px-South_Africa_Gauteng_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/South_Africa_Gauteng_location_map.svg/500px-South_Africa_Gauteng_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1061" data-file-height="1046" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:20%;left:57.022%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Hammanskraal"><img alt="Hammanskraal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Hammanskraal</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Gauteng</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:South_Africa_adm_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hammanskraal is located in South Africa"><img alt="Hammanskraal is located in South Africa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/South_Africa_adm_location_map.svg/250px-South_Africa_adm_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/South_Africa_adm_location_map.svg/375px-South_Africa_adm_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/South_Africa_adm_location_map.svg/500px-South_Africa_adm_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2031" data-file-height="1741" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:26.866%;left:71.413%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Hammanskraal"><img alt="Hammanskraal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:4px"><div>Hammanskraal</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of South Africa</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Africa_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hammanskraal is located in Africa"><img alt="Hammanskraal is located in Africa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Africa_location_map.svg/250px-Africa_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="236" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Africa_location_map.svg/375px-Africa_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Africa_location_map.svg/500px-Africa_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1525" data-file-height="1440" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:84.502%;left:64.076%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Hammanskraal"><img alt="Hammanskraal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Hammanskraal</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Africa</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Hammanskraal&params=25_24_S_28_17_E_region:ZA_type:city(21345)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">25°24′S</span> <span class="longitude">28°17′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">25.400°S 28.283°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-25.400; 28.283</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Country" title="Country">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_South_Africa" title="Provinces of South Africa">Province</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gauteng" title="Gauteng">Gauteng</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_of_South_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="List of municipalities of South Africa">Municipality</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/City_of_Tshwane_Metropolitan_Municipality" title="City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality">City of Tshwane</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-census2011_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2011-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">7.60 km<sup>2</sup> (2.93 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2011)<sup id="cite_ref-census2011_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2011-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">21,345</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">2,800/km<sup>2</sup> (7,300/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Racial makeup (2011)<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-census2011_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2011-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Bantu_peoples_of_South_Africa" title="Bantu peoples of South Africa">Black African</a></th><td class="infobox-data">98.3%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Coloureds" title="Coloureds">Coloured</a></th><td class="infobox-data">0.3%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Indian_South_African" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian South African">Indian</a>/<a href="/wiki/Asian_South_African" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian South African">Asian</a></th><td class="infobox-data">0.3%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/White_South_African" class="mw-redirect" title="White South African">White</a></th><td class="infobox-data">0.4%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Other</th><td class="infobox-data">0.7%</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/First_language" title="First language">First languages</a> (2011)<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-census2011_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2011-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Tswana_language" title="Tswana language">Tswana</a></th><td class="infobox-data">46.2%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Northern_Sotho_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Sotho language">Northern Sotho</a></th><td class="infobox-data">18.1%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Tsonga_language" title="Tsonga language">Tsonga</a></th><td class="infobox-data">14.7%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Sotho_language" title="Sotho language">Sotho</a></th><td class="infobox-data">4.3%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Other</th><td class="infobox-data">16.7%</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B2" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+2">UTC+2</a> (<a href="/wiki/South_African_Standard_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="South African Standard Time">SAST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_postal_codes_in_South_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="List of postal codes in South Africa">Postal code</a> (street)</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">0400</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Post-office_box" class="mw-redirect" title="Post-office box">PO box</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">0400</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_South_Africa" title="Telephone numbers in South Africa">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">012</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Hammanskraal</b> is a trans-provincial region anchored in northern <a href="/wiki/Gauteng" title="Gauteng">Gauteng</a> province, <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>. The region consists of multiple, residential, industrial, and commercial areas in a decentralized settlement pattern. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hammanskraal&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The historical roots of the region trace back to the 13th century, and it is noted that the area around Gauteng province was initially occupied by the <a href="/wiki/Batswana" class="mw-redirect" title="Batswana">Batswana</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceC_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceC-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Batswana Chief Mokgatla dominated the area to the north of what is known today as the Gauteng province, and his descendants are known as the Bakgatla.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceC_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceC-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To this day, nearly half of the population of the Hammanskraal region are descendants of the Batswana nation.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to oral narration, the Amandebele A Lebello settled the area around Hammanskaal close to Ramotse in the 1800s. The Amandebele originated in the eastern part of the country and now form an integral part of the region's community.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Great_Trek" title="Great Trek">Great Trek</a> that took place in the first half of the 19th century saw the inward movement of Dutch settlers from the cape into the interior of South Africa. The Dutch settled the area to the north of what is today known as <a href="/wiki/Pretoria" title="Pretoria">Pretoria</a> in <a href="/wiki/1855" title="1855">1855</a>. As time went by, the Dutch settlers forcefully occupied land, dispossessing the indigenous tribes in the process. The discovery of gold about 60 kilometers to the south of Hammanskraal lead to a boom of economic activity in the region and the agricultural sector flourished. </p><p>Owing to the booming agricultural industry, a farmer by the name Hamman had a large agricultural venture where he owned a famous cattle barn. This barn was referred to in Afrikaans as Hammanskraal, named after the famous farmer. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Natives_Land_Act,_1913" title="Natives Land Act, 1913">1913 Natives Land Act</a> and the implementation of the <a href="/wiki/Apartheid" title="Apartheid">Apartheid</a> laws by the 1940s saw a larger program of forced removals around the Pretoria, <a href="/wiki/Witwatersrand" title="Witwatersrand">Witwatersrand</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vaal" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaal">Vaal</a> regions. These forced removals coupled with an increase of industrial activity saw an increase in the population of the Hammanskraal region.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With the increase in population numbers there was very little planning for the region. This ended up being a region of underserved residential neighborhoods serving as a <a href="/wiki/Dormitory_town" class="mw-redirect" title="Dormitory town">dormitory town</a> to surrounding industrial complexes with little development of <a href="/wiki/Infrastructure" title="Infrastructure">infrastructure</a> and industry within the region itself.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1972, the <a href="/wiki/Bophuthatswana" title="Bophuthatswana">Bophuthatswana</a> self-governing state was established, which had a profound impact on the developmental trajectory of the region.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1977, Bophuthatswana had become an independent "republic" in terms of the then government of South Africa's separate development policy.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As a result, a large artificial barrier was drawn and effectively splitting the Hammanskraal Region into two different countries. This once again had a profound impact in the developmental trajectory of the area and resulted in the continued decentralized settlement model that persists today.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceB_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is worth noting that the Bophuthatswana Government did make a contribution to the development of the area albeit it under an unpopular political context. The Bophuthatswana government is credited with driving economic development by the constructing of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Babelegi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Babelegi (page does not exist)">Babelegi</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Industrial_Development_Zone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Industrial Development Zone (page does not exist)">Industrial Development Zone</a> in the 1970s <sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the construction of the Carousel Casino in 1992. This and other investments in infrastructure, schools and utilities saw the generally underserved and overlooked region obtain some much needed economic injection in the 1980s and early 1990s. </p><p>Post the 1994 South African election, the region of Hammanskraal has seen a significant decline in service delivery, infrastructure and social development with the exception of the private sector investments leading to the building of shopping malls and private schools. </p><p>The Catholic church established St. Paul Minor Seminary and St. Peter Major Seminary, both in Hammanskraal. St Peters was established to train native African priests. It beceme a venue for anti-apartheid activity. Unsuccessful attempts in the 1970s to amalgamate with the predominately white St. John Vianney Seminary, due to opposition from St. Peters. Due to unrest the seminary closed, reopening in 1981 with a multi-racial student base. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hammanskraal&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Location">Location</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hammanskraal&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Location"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The region of Hammanskraal is located on the far northern boundary of <a href="/wiki/Gauteng" title="Gauteng">Gauteng</a> Province and is strategically located at a trade way hub linking the <a href="/wiki/North_West_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="North West Province">North West Province</a>, Limpopo, Mpumalanga, and Gauteng Province.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceB_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This makes Hammanskraal a trans-provincial region that functionally connected and spreads along four provinces. It is the only geographic area in South Africa that straddles four provinces.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceB_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Boundaries">Boundaries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hammanskraal&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Boundaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The boundaries are outlined<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="Outlined where? how? by whom? (September 2020)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> in order to give definition to the spatial composition of the region.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The western boundary of the region is along the Stink Water River, which separates Hammanskraal from <a href="/wiki/Soshanguve" title="Soshanguve">Soshanguve</a>. The northern boundary straddles <a href="/wiki/Pienaarsrivier" title="Pienaarsrivier">Pienaarsrivier</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rust_De_Winter_Nature_Reserve" title="Rust De Winter Nature Reserve">Rust De Winter</a> towards Limpopo Province, and the eastern boundary is towards the <a href="/wiki/Mdala_Game_Reserve" title="Mdala Game Reserve">Madala Game Reserve</a> on the border between <a href="/wiki/Gauteng" title="Gauteng">Gauteng</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mpumalanga" title="Mpumalanga">Mpumalanga</a> Provinces. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spatial_components">Spatial components</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hammanskraal&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Spatial components"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hammanskraal is surrounded by an enormous agricultural environment. Agriculture is the primary economic activity for the region.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceB_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The area has a large concentration of grain and wheat farms. Livestock and poultry farming is also very prevalent. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Nature_conservation" title="Nature conservation">Natural conservation</a> is also a notable spatial component on the landscape of the Hammanskraal region. The <a href="/wiki/Dinokeng_Game_Reserve" title="Dinokeng Game Reserve">Dinokeng Game Reserve</a> to the east of the region is a large and well maintained natural asset. This game reserve also contributes to the growth of the tourism sector in the area. Other game reserves include the Madala Reserve to the far east of the region and many smaller private natural resorts and recreation sites. </p><p>A key environmental issue in Hammanskraal is water supply. The <a href="/wiki/Apies_River" title="Apies River">Apies River</a> cuts straight through the area after collecting water in the Pretoria area. Due to poor maintenance and water purification practices, the supply of water to the region is sub-standard. Those who can afford make use of underground water sources however, the input costs of this practice are quite high and as a result, access to quality water in the region causes an environmental and health concern.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceB_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The remainder of the spatial composition of the region consists of a combination of rural and urban residential settlements in a decentralized model and, an <a href="/w/index.php?title=Industrial_development_zone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Industrial development zone (page does not exist)">industrial development zone</a> at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Babelegi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Babelegi (page does not exist)">Babelegi</a> which is now partially functional and a cluster of retail offerings. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Area_analysis">Area analysis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hammanskraal&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Area analysis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Based on a geographic study, the area is studied<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. (September 2020)">by whom?</span></a></i>]</sup> to draw conclusions on the: </p><p>1) Human behavioural 2) Environmental 3) Economic features </p><p>That give the area a special character. </p><p>Hammanskraal is a multifaceted, transitional environment moving from a traditionally rural and agriculturally intensive environment to a local hub for industry, transport and commercial activity. At a residential settlement scale, there is a fair mix between rural and urban settlement patterns with a concentration of the urban environment around the <a href="/wiki/Temba" title="Temba">Temba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kanana" title="Kanana">Kanana</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lephengville&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lephengville (page does not exist)">Lephengville</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramotse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ramotse (page does not exist)">Ramotse</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mashemong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mashemong (page does not exist)">Mashemong</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sekampaneng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sekampaneng (page does not exist)">Sekampaneng</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Suurman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suurman (page does not exist)">Suurman</a> areas while there is a large cluster of rural communities to the Northern part of the Region such as <a href="/wiki/Mathibestad" title="Mathibestad">Mathibestad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Makapanstad" title="Makapanstad">Makapanstad</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Danhouse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Danhouse (page does not exist)">Danhouse</a>. </p><p>Hammanskraal is increasingly urbanizing creating a need for facilitating urban infrastructure such as housing, functional utilities and increased health infrastructure. </p><p>There is a residual overflow of housing developments on the Southern Part of the Region. This area has a mix of subsidized housing and free title stands. The residual overflow to the south stretches towards the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apies (page does not exist)">Apies</a> River. Such an increase in housing developments indicate the larger population growth in the region particularly the urban settlement areas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Situation_assembly">Situation assembly</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hammanskraal&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Situation assembly"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There is generally a connection between transport infrastructure and urban patterns of settlement. Owing to the <a href="/wiki/N1_road_(South_Africa)" class="mw-redirect" title="N1 road (South Africa)">N1</a> highway, the <a href="/wiki/R101_(South_Africa)" title="R101 (South Africa)">Old Warmbaths Road</a> and a railway line (only transports cargo and not people), the Hammanskraal region is functionally connected to the <a href="/wiki/Gauteng_City_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Gauteng City Region">Gauteng City Region</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governance">Governance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hammanskraal&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Governance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Majaneng in Hammanskraal is a rural village with a chief as its political head. It is also the site of schools such as Hans Kekana Secondary School, Tipfuxeni Secondary school, Sikhululekile Secondary school, Hammanskraal high school,Boitshepo Secondary School,Ratshepo Secondary School,Makgetse Secondary School,Kgetse Ya Tsie Secondary School, Mphe Batho Primary School, Thabo Ya Batho Middle and Kgapamadi High School and many more. </p><p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.statssa.gov.za/?page_id=4286&id=10535">Maubane</a> is a spatial area covering 7 villages in the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.statssa.gov.za/?page_id=993&id=moretele-municipality">Moretele Municipal area</a> under the Chieftainship of <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.za/about-government/contact-directory/phopolo-maubane-kgosi">Kgosi Phopholo Maubane</a>, Site of schools such as <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://studentportal.org.za/alfred-maubane-secondary-school-north-west-province-stinkwater-temba-information/">Alfred Maubane Highschool</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://studentportal.org.za/mmatlhame-primary-school-north-west-province-temba-hammanskraal-information/">Mmatlhame Primary</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://studentportal.org.za/mmamarumo-primary-school-north-west-province-stinkwater-temba-information/">Mmamarumo Primary</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://studentportal.org.za/bafedile-secondary-school-north-west-province-stinkwater-temba-information/">Bafedile Secondary school</a>. </p><p>The area also hosted a police training college which contributed to a large growth of black policemen in Apartheid South Africa during the late 1980s.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other areas of Hammanskraal governed by chiefs are Mathibestad and Makapanstad. The two are often a topic of conversation since there are people who believe the two do not fall under Hammanskraal while others believe strongly that they do. Mathibestad is under the governance of Bahwaduba, under Kgosi Mathibe. Makapanstad on the other hand is under the governance of Bakgatla, under Kgosi Makapan. It has been said that the chiefdom or Makapanstad is slowly transitioning into letting the larger government take over since Kgosi Boisi Makapan's death. </p><p>One of his eldest sons Nchaupe had taken over for a while until unclear political grievances arose against him and his adviser. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hammanskraal&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.za/about-government/contact-directory/phopolo-maubane-kgosi">Kgosi Phopolo Maubane</a> - ex-chairperson of The House of Traditional Leaders and the Chief of <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://repository.nwu.ac.za/bitstream/handle/10394/35164/RANKHUMISE_SP.pdf?sequence=1">Bakgatla Ba-Mocha</a> in the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?gs_ssp=eJzj4tZP1zcsySkyqsytMmD04s9NLE1KzEtVKMvMyUlMTwUAmR4KVw&q=maubane+village&rlz=1C1GCEU_enZA948ZA970&oq=maubane+village&aqs=chrome.1.69i57j46i512.8836j1j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#">Maubane village</a>, North of Hammanskraal.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herman_Mashaba" title="Herman Mashaba">Herman Mashaba</a> – Executive Mayor of Johannesburg under the Democratic Alliance (2017). Founder of hair care brand "Black Like Me", comes from Ramotse</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aubrey_Ngoma" title="Aubrey Ngoma">Aubrey Ngoma</a> – Mamelodi Sundowns player and ex-Cape Town City player, comes from a small town called Ramotse.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dr_Malinga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dr Malinga (page does not exist)">Dr Malinga</a> – musician and businessman</li> <li>Phetso Maphanga – soccer star</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zipporah_Nawa" title="Zipporah Nawa">Zipporah Nawa</a>, member of parliament</li> <li>Thapelo Aphiri, known as "Javas" in <i><a href="/wiki/Scandal!" title="Scandal!">Scandal!</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Superduo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Superduo (page does not exist)">The Superduo</a> – musical artists from Majaneng</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kgaogelo_%22Decency%22_Ntsweng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kgaogelo "Decency" Ntsweng (page does not exist)">Kgaogelo "Decency" Ntsweng</a> – musician</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hammanskraal&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-census2011-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-census2011_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-census2011_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-census2011_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-census2011_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/799012">"Main Place Hammanskraal"</a>. <i>Census 2011</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Census+2011&rft.atitle=Main+Place+Hammanskraal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcensus2011.adrianfrith.com%2Fplace%2F799012&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHammanskraal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceC-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceC_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceC_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nechama Brodie The Joburg Book 2014 ed Page 20</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Statistics South Africa 2011 Survey</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Van Huysteen Boders, Boundaries and Barriers 1997 Page 85</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Van Huysteen Boders, Boundaries and Barriers 1997 Page 86</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Khumo Thage Hammansraal Regional Spatial Development Framework 2020</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The international Community did not recognize the status given to these bantustans.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceB-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceB_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceB_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceB_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceB_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceB_8-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Khumo Thage Hammanstraal Regional Spatial Development Framework 2020</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Khumo Thage Hammanskraal Regional Spatial Development Framework 2020</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAgnewLamb2009" class="citation book cs1">Agnew, V.; Lamb, J. (2009-12-28). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=g6LtCwAAQBAJ&q=south+africa+police+training+1980s&pg=PA147"><i>Settler and Creole Reenactment</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780230244900" title="Special:BookSources/9780230244900"><bdi>9780230244900</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Settler+and+Creole+Reenactment&rft.date=2009-12-28&rft.isbn=9780230244900&rft.aulast=Agnew&rft.aufirst=V.&rft.au=Lamb%2C+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dg6LtCwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dsouth%2Bafrica%2Bpolice%2Btraining%2B1980s%26pg%3DPA147&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHammanskraal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.za/about-government/contact-directory/soe/soe/national-house-traditional-leaders">"National House of Traditional Leaders | South African Government"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+House+of+Traditional+Leaders+%26%23124%3B+South+African+Government&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.za%2Fabout-government%2Fcontact-directory%2Fsoe%2Fsoe%2Fnational-house-traditional-leaders&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHammanskraal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:City_of_Tshwane_Metropolitan_Municipality" title="Template:City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:City_of_Tshwane_Metropolitan_Municipality" title="Template talk:City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:City_of_Tshwane_Metropolitan_Municipality" title="Special:EditPage/Template:City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Communities_of_City_of_Tshwane_Metropolitan_Municipality,_Gauteng" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Communities of <a href="/wiki/City_of_Tshwane_Metropolitan_Municipality" title="City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality">City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gauteng" title="Gauteng">Gauteng</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>Seat: <b><a href="/wiki/Pretoria" title="Pretoria">Pretoria</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cities and towns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akasia" title="Akasia">Akasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronkhorstspruit" title="Bronkhorstspruit">Bronkhorstspruit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centurion,_Gauteng" class="mw-redirect" title="Centurion, Gauteng">Centurion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cullinan,_Gauteng" class="mw-redirect" title="Cullinan, Gauteng">Cullinan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekangala" title="Ekangala">Ekangala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ga-Rankuwa" title="Ga-Rankuwa">Ga-Rankuwa</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hammanskraal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kleinfontein" title="Kleinfontein">Kleinfontein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mabopane" title="Mabopane">Mabopane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamelodi" title="Mamelodi">Mamelodi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuwe_Eersterus" title="Nuwe Eersterus">Nuwe Eersterus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onderstepoort" title="Onderstepoort">Onderstepoort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onverwacht,_Gauteng" title="Onverwacht, Gauteng">Onverwacht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pretoria" title="Pretoria">Pretoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rayton" title="Rayton">Rayton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refilwe" title="Refilwe">Refilwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosslyn,_Gauteng" class="mw-redirect" title="Rosslyn, Gauteng">Rosslyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saulsville" title="Saulsville">Saulsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soshanguve" title="Soshanguve">Soshanguve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temba,_Gauteng" class="mw-redirect" title="Temba, Gauteng">Temba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zithobeni" title="Zithobeni">Zithobeni</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_South_Africa_with_Tshwane_highlighted_(2011).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="City of Tshwane within South Africa"><img alt="City of Tshwane within South Africa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Map_of_South_Africa_with_Tshwane_highlighted_%282011%29.svg/75px-Map_of_South_Africa_with_Tshwane_highlighted_%282011%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Map_of_South_Africa_with_Tshwane_highlighted_%282011%29.svg/113px-Map_of_South_Africa_with_Tshwane_highlighted_%282011%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Map_of_South_Africa_with_Tshwane_highlighted_%282011%29.svg/150px-Map_of_South_Africa_with_Tshwane_highlighted_%282011%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="809" data-file-height="709" /></a><figcaption>City of Tshwane within South Africa</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Suburbs of<br /><a href="/wiki/Centurion,_Gauteng" class="mw-redirect" title="Centurion, Gauteng">Centurion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clubview" title="Clubview">Clubview</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornwall_Hill" title="Cornwall Hill">Cornwall Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doringkloof" title="Doringkloof">Doringkloof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eldoraigne" title="Eldoraigne">Eldoraigne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erasmia" title="Erasmia">Erasmia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heuweloord" title="Heuweloord">Heuweloord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irene,_Gauteng" title="Irene, Gauteng">Irene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kloofsig" title="Kloofsig">Kloofsig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laudium" title="Laudium">Laudium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyttelton,_Gauteng" title="Lyttelton, Gauteng">Lyttelton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olievenhoutbosch" title="Olievenhoutbosch">Olievenhoutbosch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_van_Ryneveld_Park" title="Pierre van Ryneveld Park">Pierre van Ryneveld Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rooihuiskraal" title="Rooihuiskraal">Rooihuiskraal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunderland_Ridge" title="Sunderland Ridge">Sunderland Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Reeds" title="The Reeds">The Reeds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zwartkop" title="Zwartkop">Zwartkop</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Suburbs of<br /><a href="/wiki/Pretoria" title="Pretoria">Pretoria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arcadia,_Pretoria" title="Arcadia, Pretoria">Arcadia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atteridgeville" title="Atteridgeville">Atteridgeville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Booysens,_Pretoria" title="Booysens, Pretoria">Booysens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn,_Pretoria" title="Brooklyn, Pretoria">Brooklyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_Park,_Pretoria" title="Capital Park, Pretoria">Capital Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chantelle,_Pretoria" title="Chantelle, Pretoria">Chantelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colbyn" title="Colbyn">Colbyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantia_Park" title="Constantia Park">Constantia Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danville,_Pretoria" title="Danville, Pretoria">Danville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Die_Wilgers" title="Die Wilgers">Die Wilgers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastwood,_Pretoria" title="Eastwood, Pretoria">Eastwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eersterust" title="Eersterust">Eersterust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elardus_Park" title="Elardus Park">Elardus Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equestria,_Pretoria" title="Equestria, Pretoria">Equestria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faerie_Glen" title="Faerie Glen">Faerie Glen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garsfontein" title="Garsfontein">Garsfontein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groenkloof" title="Groenkloof">Groenkloof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatfield,_Pretoria" title="Hatfield, Pretoria">Hatfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazelwood,_Pretoria" title="Hazelwood, Pretoria">Hazelwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kameeldrift" title="Kameeldrift">Kameeldrift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Selborne,_Pretoria" title="Lady Selborne, Pretoria">Lady Selborne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotus_Gardens" title="Lotus Gardens">Lotus Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lukasrand" title="Lukasrand">Lukasrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynnwood,_Pretoria" title="Lynnwood, Pretoria">Lynnwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynnwood_Glen" title="Lynnwood Glen">Lynnwood Glen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynnwood_Manor" title="Lynnwood Manor">Lynnwood Manor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynnwood_Ridge" title="Lynnwood Ridge">Lynnwood Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magalieskruin" title="Magalieskruin">Magalieskruin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marabastad,_Pretoria" title="Marabastad, Pretoria">Marabastad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayville,_Pretoria" title="Mayville, Pretoria">Mayville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menlo_Park,_Pretoria" title="Menlo Park, Pretoria">Menlo Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montana_Park" title="Montana Park">Montana Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monument_Park,_Pretoria" title="Monument Park, Pretoria">Monument Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moreleta_Park" title="Moreleta Park">Moreleta Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murrayfield,_Pretoria" title="Murrayfield, Pretoria">Murrayfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newlands,_Pretoria" title="Newlands, Pretoria">Newlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orchards,_Gauteng" class="mw-redirect" title="Orchards, Gauteng">Orchards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pretoria_North" title="Pretoria North">Pretoria North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pretoria_West" title="Pretoria West">Pretoria West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prinshof" title="Prinshof">Prinshof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queenswood" title="Queenswood">Queenswood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roseville,_Pretoria" title="Roseville, Pretoria">Roseville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shere,_Pretoria" title="Shere, Pretoria">Shere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silver_Lakes,_Pretoria" title="Silver Lakes, Pretoria">Silver Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silverton,_Pretoria" title="Silverton, Pretoria">Silverton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinoville,_Pretoria" title="Sinoville, Pretoria">Sinoville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunnyside,_Pretoria" title="Sunnyside, Pretoria">Sunnyside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villieria" title="Villieria">Villieria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wapadrand" title="Wapadrand">Wapadrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterkloof" title="Waterkloof">Waterkloof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterkloof_Glen" title="Waterkloof Glen">Waterkloof Glen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterkloof_Park" title="Waterkloof Park">Waterkloof Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterkloof_Ridge" title="Waterkloof Ridge">Waterkloof Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waverley,_Pretoria" title="Waverley, Pretoria">Waverley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wingate_Park" title="Wingate Park">Wingate Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wonderboom,_Pretoria" title="Wonderboom, Pretoria">Wonderboom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wonderboom_South,_Pretoria" title="Wonderboom South, Pretoria">Wonderboom South</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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