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</div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Kent</h1> <div class="tagline"></div> </div> <ul id="p-associated-pages" class="minerva__tab-container"> <li class="minerva__tab selected mw-list-item"> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Kent" rel="" data-event-name="tabs.main">Article</a> </li> <li class="minerva__tab mw-list-item"> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Talk:Kent" rel="discussion" data-event-name="tabs.talk">Talk</a> </li> </ul> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list minerva-icon-only-menu"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" href="#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Language" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> Language </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Kent" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet menu__item--page-actions-watch"> Watch </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="/w/index.php?title=Kent&action=edit" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> Edit </a> </li> </ul> </nav>  <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the county in England. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Kent_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Kent (disambiguation)">Kent (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style>Kent is a <a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_counties_of_England" title="Ceremonial counties of England">ceremonial county</a> in <a href="/wiki/South_East_England" title="South East England">South East England</a>. It is bordered by <a href="/wiki/Essex" title="Essex">Essex</a> across the <a href="/wiki/Thames_Estuary" title="Thames Estuary">Thames Estuary</a> to the north, the <a href="/wiki/Strait_of_Dover" title="Strait of Dover">Strait of Dover</a> to the south-east, <a href="/wiki/East_Sussex" title="East Sussex">East Sussex</a> to the south-west, <a href="/wiki/Surrey" title="Surrey">Surrey</a> to the west, and <a href="/wiki/Greater_London" title="Greater London">Greater London</a> to the north-west. The <a href="/wiki/County_town" title="County town">county town</a> is <a href="/wiki/Maidstone" title="Maidstone">Maidstone</a>. <table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Kent</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Non-metropolitan_county" title="Non-metropolitan county">Non-metropolitan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_counties_of_England" title="Ceremonial counties of England">ceremonial county</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti 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img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:242px;max-width:242px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:240px;max-width:240px"><div style="height:158px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:White_Cliffs_of_Dover,_Kent.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/White_Cliffs_of_Dover%2C_Kent.jpg/250px-White_Cliffs_of_Dover%2C_Kent.jpg" decoding="async" width="238" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/White_Cliffs_of_Dover%2C_Kent.jpg/500px-White_Cliffs_of_Dover%2C_Kent.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648"></a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:110px;max-width:110px"><div style="height:142px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Saint_Thomas_Becket_(Samuel_Caldwell,_1919)_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Saint_Thomas_Becket_%28Samuel_Caldwell%2C_1919%29_crop.jpg/120px-Saint_Thomas_Becket_%28Samuel_Caldwell%2C_1919%29_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="108" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Saint_Thomas_Becket_%28Samuel_Caldwell%2C_1919%29_crop.jpg/250px-Saint_Thomas_Becket_%28Samuel_Caldwell%2C_1919%29_crop.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="2373"></a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:128px;max-width:128px"><div style="height:142px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Rochester_Castle_Keep_and_Bailey_0038stcpcropped.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Rochester_Castle_Keep_and_Bailey_0038stcpcropped.png/126px-Rochester_Castle_Keep_and_Bailey_0038stcpcropped.png" decoding="async" width="126" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Rochester_Castle_Keep_and_Bailey_0038stcpcropped.png/189px-Rochester_Castle_Keep_and_Bailey_0038stcpcropped.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Rochester_Castle_Keep_and_Bailey_0038stcpcropped.png/252px-Rochester_Castle_Keep_and_Bailey_0038stcpcropped.png 2x" data-file-width="1523" data-file-height="1723"></a></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-caption">The <a href="/wiki/White_Cliffs_of_Dover" title="White Cliffs of Dover">White Cliffs of Dover</a>, <a href="/wiki/English_Gothic_stained_glass_windows" title="English Gothic stained glass windows">stained glass</a> depicting <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Becket" title="Thomas Becket">Thomas Becket</a> in <a href="/wiki/Canterbury_Cathedral" title="Canterbury Cathedral">Canterbury Cathedral</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Rochester_Castle" title="Rochester Castle">Rochester Castle</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><div> <a href="/wiki/File:Kent_UK_locator_map_2010.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Kent_UK_locator_map_2010.svg/250px-Kent_UK_locator_map_2010.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="303" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Kent_UK_locator_map_2010.svg/500px-Kent_UK_locator_map_2010.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1108" data-file-height="1345"></a> Ceremonial Kent within England<hr> Ceremonial Kent</div><div> <a href="/wiki/File:Kent_-_British_Isles.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Kent_-_British_Isles.svg/330px-Kent_-_British_Isles.svg.png" decoding="async" width="255" height="374" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Kent_-_British_Isles.svg/500px-Kent_-_British_Isles.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Kent_-_British_Isles.svg/960px-Kent_-_British_Isles.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="1835"></a> Historic Kent in the British Isles<hr> Historic Kent</div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Kent&params=51_12_N_0_42_E_region:GB-KEN_source:enwiki-osgb36(TQ9147)_type:adm2nd">51°12′N 0°42′E / 51.200°N 0.700°E / 51.200; 0.700</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign state</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Countries of the United Kingdom">Constituent country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_England" title="Regions of England">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/South_East_England" title="South East England">South East</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Historic_counties_of_England" title="Historic counties of England">Ancient</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Time in the United Kingdom">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B0" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+0">UTC+0</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Mean_Time" title="Greenwich Mean Time">GMT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B1" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+1">UTC+1</a> (<a href="/wiki/British_Summer_Time" title="British Summer Time">BST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">UK Parliament</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliamentary_constituencies_in_Kent" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliamentary constituencies in Kent">List of MPs</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Police</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kent_Police" title="Kent Police">Kent Police</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color: #cddeff; font-weight: bold;"><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_counties_of_England" title="Ceremonial counties of England">Ceremonial county</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Lord_Lieutenant_of_Kent" title="Lord Lieutenant of Kent">Lord Lieutenant</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Annabel_Warrender" class="mw-redirect" title="Annabel Warrender">Annabel Campbell, the Lady Colgrain</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/High_Sheriff_of_Kent" title="High Sheriff of Kent">High Sheriff</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Mrs Remony Millwater<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> (2020/21)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">3,738 km2 (1,443 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_ceremonial_counties_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="List of ceremonial counties of England">10th of 48</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population <div class="ib-settlement-fn">(2022)<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,875,893</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_ceremonial_counties_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="List of ceremonial counties of England">7th of 48</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Density</th><td class="infobox-data">502/km2 (1,300/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ethnicity<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">93.7% White (89.1% White British)<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color: #cddeff; font-weight: bold;"><a href="/wiki/Non-metropolitan_county" title="Non-metropolitan county">Non-metropolitan county</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">County council</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kent_County_Council" title="Kent County Council">Kent County Council</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Political_make-up_of_local_councils_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Political make-up of local councils in the United Kingdom">Control</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Admin HQ</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Maidstone" title="Maidstone">Maidstone</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">3,544 km2 (1,368 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_two-tier_counties_of_England" title="List of two-tier counties of England">6th of 21</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population <div class="ib-settlement-fn">(2022)<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,593,191</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_two-tier_counties_of_England" title="List of two-tier counties of England">1st of 21</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Density</th><td class="infobox-data">449/km2 (1,160/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:GB" title="ISO 3166-2:GB">ISO 3166-2</a></th><td class="infobox-data">GB-KEN</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/GSS_coding_system" title="GSS coding system">GSS code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">E10000016</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/International_Territorial_Level" title="International Territorial Level">ITL</a></th><td class="infobox-data">UKJ42</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kent.gov.uk">kent.gov.uk</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color: #cddeff; font-weight: bold;">Districts</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><a href="/wiki/File:Kent_numbered_districts.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Kent_numbered_districts.svg/250px-Kent_numbered_districts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Kent_numbered_districts.svg/330px-Kent_numbered_districts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Kent_numbered_districts.svg/500px-Kent_numbered_districts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="1000"></a> Districts of Kent Unitary County council area </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_England" title="Districts of England">Districts</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Sevenoaks_District" title="Sevenoaks District">Sevenoaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borough_of_Dartford" title="Borough of Dartford">Dartford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravesham" title="Gravesham">Gravesham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonbridge_and_Malling" title="Tonbridge and Malling">Tonbridge and Malling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medway" title="Medway">Medway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borough_of_Maidstone" title="Borough of Maidstone">Maidstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borough_of_Tunbridge_Wells" title="Borough of Tunbridge Wells">Tunbridge Wells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borough_of_Swale" title="Borough of Swale">Swale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borough_of_Ashford" title="Borough of Ashford">Ashford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Canterbury" title="City of Canterbury">City of Canterbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folkestone_and_Hythe_District" title="Folkestone and Hythe District">Folkestone and Hythe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanet_District" title="Thanet District">Thanet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dover_District" title="Dover District">Dover</a></li></ol> </td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> The county has an area of 3,544 square kilometres (1,368 sq mi) and had population of 1,875,893 in 2022, making it the <a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_counties_of_England#Lieutenancy_areas_since_1997" title="Ceremonial counties of England">fifth most populous county</a> in England. The north of the county contains a conurbation which includes the towns of <a href="/wiki/Chatham,_Kent" title="Chatham, Kent">Chatham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gillingham,_Kent" title="Gillingham, Kent">Gillingham</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Rochester,_Kent" title="Rochester, Kent">Rochester</a>. Other large towns are Maidstone and <a href="/wiki/Ashford,_Kent" title="Ashford, Kent">Ashford</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/City_of_Canterbury" title="City of Canterbury">borough of Canterbury</a> holds <a href="/wiki/City_status_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="City status in the United Kingdom">city status</a>. For local government purposes Kent consists of a <a href="/wiki/Non-metropolitan_county" title="Non-metropolitan county">non-metropolitan county</a>, with twelve districts, and the <a href="/wiki/Unitary_authority_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Unitary authority area">unitary authority area</a> of <a href="/wiki/Medway" title="Medway">Medway</a>. The county historically included south-east Greater London, and is one of the <a href="/wiki/Home_counties" title="Home counties">home counties</a>. The north of Kent is a plain bordering the Thames Estuary. South of this is the <a href="/wiki/North_Downs" title="North Downs">North Downs</a>, a chalk downland ridge which crosses the county from north-west to south-east and which forms dramatic chalk cliffs, including the <a href="/wiki/White_Cliffs_of_Dover" title="White Cliffs of Dover">White Cliffs of Dover</a>, where it meets the English Channel.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> The south-west of the county contains part of the <a href="/wiki/Greensand_Ridge" title="Greensand Ridge">Greensand Ridge</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Weald" title="Weald">Weald</a>, the area between the North and <a href="/wiki/South_Downs" title="South Downs">South Downs</a>.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> The south-east of the county contains the low-lying <a href="/wiki/Romney_Marsh" title="Romney Marsh">Romney Marsh</a>.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> The North Downs and High Weald have been designated <a href="/wiki/National_Landscape" class="mw-redirect" title="National Landscape">national landscapes</a>. The geography of the county lends itself to the cultivation of fruit orchards, and it has been nicknamed "the Garden of England".<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> In north-west Kent, industries include aggregate building material extraction, printing, and scientific research. Coal mining has also played its part in the county's industrial heritage. Kent's location between London and the <a href="/wiki/Strait_of_Dover" title="Strait of Dover">Strait of Dover</a>, the narrowest crossing point between England and mainland Europe, has led to the county being the point of entry for many prominent figures and groups in British history. It was one of the first British territories to be settled by Germanic tribes, most notably the <a href="/wiki/Jutes" title="Jutes">Jutes</a>, following the withdrawal of the Romans.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> <a href="/wiki/History_of_Christianity_in_Britain#England" title="History of Christianity in Britain">In the 6th century</a>, <a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Canterbury" title="Augustine of Canterbury">Saint Augustine</a> landed in the county to begin the <a href="/wiki/Christianisation_of_Anglo-Saxon_England" title="Christianisation of Anglo-Saxon England">conversion of England</a> to <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> and became the first <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">archbishop of Canterbury</a>; <a href="/wiki/Canterbury_Cathedral" title="Canterbury Cathedral">Canterbury Cathedral</a> is now a <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Site</a>. England relied on the county's ports to provide warships through much of its history; the <a href="/wiki/Cinque_Ports" title="Cinque Ports">Cinque Ports</a> in the 10th<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a>–14th centuries and <a href="/wiki/Chatham_Dockyard" title="Chatham Dockyard">Chatham Dockyard</a> in the 16th–20th centuries were of particular importance. <a href="/wiki/Dover_Castle" title="Dover Castle">Dover Castle</a> has been described as the "key of England" due to its strategic significance.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Etymology">1 Etymology</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#History">2 History</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Geography">3 Geography</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Climate">3.1 Climate</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Governance">4 Governance</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Demography">5 Demography</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Economy">6 Economy</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#Culture">7 Culture</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#Architecture">7.1 Architecture</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Literature_and_publishing">7.2 Literature and publishing</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#Classical_music">7.3 Classical music</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="#Visual_arts">7.4 Visual arts</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="#Performing_arts">7.5 Performing arts</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="#Kentish_independence">7.6 Kentish independence</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="#Transport">8 Transport</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16"><a href="#Roads">8.1 Roads</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17"><a href="#Water">8.2 Water</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18"><a href="#Railways">8.3 Railways</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-19"><a href="#Air">8.4 Air</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-20"><a href="#Education">9 Education</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-21"><a href="#National_Challenge_schools">9.1 National Challenge schools</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22"><a href="#Sport">10 Sport</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-23"><a href="#News_and_media">11 News and media</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-24"><a href="#Television">11.1 Television</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-25"><a href="#Radio">11.2 Radio</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-26"><a href="#Newspapers">11.3 Newspapers</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-27"><a href="#See_also">12 See also</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-28"><a href="#References">13 References</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-29"><a href="#External_links">14 External links</a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Kent&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Anglo-Saxon_Chronicle_-_kentland_(British_Library_Cotton_MS_Tiberius_A_VI,_folio_4r).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Anglo-Saxon_Chronicle_-_kentland_%28British_Library_Cotton_MS_Tiberius_A_VI%2C_folio_4r%29.jpg/250px-Anglo-Saxon_Chronicle_-_kentland_%28British_Library_Cotton_MS_Tiberius_A_VI%2C_folio_4r%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="81" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="531" data-file-height="195"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 81px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Anglo-Saxon_Chronicle_-_kentland_%28British_Library_Cotton_MS_Tiberius_A_VI%2C_folio_4r%29.jpg/250px-Anglo-Saxon_Chronicle_-_kentland_%28British_Library_Cotton_MS_Tiberius_A_VI%2C_folio_4r%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="81" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Anglo-Saxon_Chronicle_-_kentland_%28British_Library_Cotton_MS_Tiberius_A_VI%2C_folio_4r%29.jpg/330px-Anglo-Saxon_Chronicle_-_kentland_%28British_Library_Cotton_MS_Tiberius_A_VI%2C_folio_4r%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Anglo-Saxon_Chronicle_-_kentland_%28British_Library_Cotton_MS_Tiberius_A_VI%2C_folio_4r%29.jpg/500px-Anglo-Saxon_Chronicle_-_kentland_%28British_Library_Cotton_MS_Tiberius_A_VI%2C_folio_4r%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Kent, as it appears in the <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Saxon_Chronicle" title="Anglo-Saxon Chronicle">Anglo-Saxon Chronicle</a> between 11th and 12th centuries</figcaption></figure> The name is of <a href="/wiki/Common_Celtic" class="mw-redirect" title="Common Celtic">Celtic</a> origin, and dates back to at least the 4th century BC. It is one of the earliest names recorded in Britain, known to the Greeks since the explorer <a href="/wiki/Pytheas" title="Pytheas">Pytheas</a> recorded it as Kantion during his voyage around the British Isles in about 325 BC. As such, it has been claimed as the "oldest recorded name still in use in England."<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> The meaning has been explained as 'coastal district,' 'corner-land' or 'land on the edge' (Welsh cant 'bordering of a circle, tyre, edge;' Breton cant 'circle;' Dutch kant 'side, edge'). In Latin sources the area is called Cantia or Cantium, while the Anglo-Saxons referred to it as Cent, Cent lond or Centrice.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-:0-16">[16]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><h2 id="History">History</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Kent&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Kent" title="History of Kent">History of Kent</a></div> The area was first occupied by <a href="/wiki/Archaic_humans" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaic humans">early humans</a>, intermittently due to periods of extreme cold, during the <a href="/wiki/Palaeolithic" class="mw-redirect" title="Palaeolithic">Palaeolithic</a> (Old Stone Age), as attested by an early Neanderthal skull found in the quarries at <a href="/wiki/Swanscombe" title="Swanscombe">Swanscombe</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Medway_megaliths" class="mw-redirect" title="Medway megaliths">Medway megaliths</a> were built during the <a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a> era. There is a rich sequence of <a href="/wiki/Bronze_Age" title="Bronze Age">Bronze Age</a>, Celtic <a href="/wiki/Iron_Age" title="Iron Age">Iron Age</a>, and Britto-<a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman</a> era occupation, as indicated by finds and features such as the <a href="/wiki/Ringlemere_gold_cup" class="mw-redirect" title="Ringlemere gold cup">Ringlemere gold cup</a> and the Roman villas of the <a href="/wiki/River_Darent" title="River Darent">Darent valley</a>.<a href="#cite_note-prehistoric-17">[17]</a> <a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar" title="Julius Caesar">Julius Caesar</a> described the area as Cantium, or the home of the <a href="/wiki/Cantiaci" title="Cantiaci">Cantiaci</a>, in 51 BC.<a href="#cite_note-name-18">[18]</a> The extreme west of the modern county was by the time of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Britain" title="Roman Britain">Roman Britain</a> occupied by a Celtic Iron Age tribe known as the <a href="/wiki/Regni" title="Regni">Regni</a>. Caesar wrote that the people of Kent were 'by far the most civilised inhabitants of Britain'.<a href="#cite_note-:0-16">[16]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FlagOfKent.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/FlagOfKent.svg/250px-FlagOfKent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="192"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 132px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/FlagOfKent.svg/250px-FlagOfKent.svg.png" data-width="220" data-height="132" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/FlagOfKent.svg/330px-FlagOfKent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/FlagOfKent.svg/440px-FlagOfKent.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Kent" title="Flag of Kent">flag</a> of the historic county of Kent</figcaption></figure> Following the withdrawal of the Romans, large numbers of Germanic speakers from mainland Europe settled in Kent, bringing their language, which came to be <a href="/wiki/Old_English" title="Old English">Old English</a>. While they expelled the native Romano-British population, some likely remained in the area, eventually assimilating with the newcomers.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> Of the invading tribes, the <a href="/wiki/Jutes" title="Jutes">Jutes</a> were the most prominent, and the area became <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kent" title="Kingdom of Kent">a Jutish kingdom</a><a href="#cite_note-kingdom-20">[20]</a> recorded as Cantia in about 730 and Cent in 835. The early medieval inhabitants of the county were referred to as the Cantwara, or Kentish people. The city of Canterbury was the largest in Kent.<a href="#cite_note-history-21">[21]</a> In 597, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_I" title="Pope Gregory I">Pope Gregory I</a> appointed the religious missionary (who became <a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Canterbury" title="Augustine of Canterbury">Saint Augustine of Canterbury</a> after his death) as the first <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a>. In the previous year, Augustine successfully converted the <a href="/wiki/Paganism" title="Paganism">pagan</a> King <a href="/wiki/%C3%86thelberht_of_Kent" title="Æthelberht of Kent">Æthelberht of Kent</a> to Christianity. The <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Canterbury" title="Diocese of Canterbury">Diocese of Canterbury</a> became England's first <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_See" class="mw-redirect" title="Episcopal See">Episcopal See</a> with first cathedral and has since remained England's centre of Christianity.<a href="#cite_note-Archbishop-22">[22]</a> The second designated English cathedral was for West Kent at <a href="/wiki/Rochester_Cathedral" title="Rochester Cathedral">Rochester Cathedral</a>.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> Kent was traditionally <a href="/wiki/List_of_hundreds_of_England" title="List of hundreds of England">partitioned</a> into East and West Kent, and into <a href="/wiki/Lathe_(county_subdivision)" title="Lathe (county subdivision)">lathes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hundred_(county_division)" title="Hundred (county division)">hundreds</a>. The traditional border of East and West Kent was the county's main river, the <a href="/wiki/River_Medway" title="River Medway">Medway</a>. Men and women from east of the Medway are Men (or Maids) of Kent, those from the west are Kentishmen or Kentish Maids.<a href="#cite_note-:0-16">[16]</a> The divide has been explained by some as originating in the Anglo-Saxon migrations, with Jutes mainly settling east of the Medway and Saxons settling west of it.<a href="#cite_note-k228500-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> In the 11th century, the people of Kent (or Chenth, per the <a href="/wiki/Domesday_Book" title="Domesday Book">Domesday Book</a>) adopted the motto <a href="/wiki/Invicta_(motto)" title="Invicta (motto)">Invicta</a>, meaning "undefeated" or "unconquered". The adoption of this motto followed the invasion of Britain by <a href="/wiki/William_of_Normandy" class="mw-redirect" title="William of Normandy">William of Normandy</a>, as he was unable to subdue the county and they negotiated favourable terms. The continued resistance of the Kentish people against the <a href="/wiki/Normans" title="Normans">Normans</a> led to Kent's designation as a semi-autonomous <a href="/wiki/County_palatine" title="County palatine">county palatine</a> in 1067. Under the nominal rule of William's half-brother <a href="/wiki/Odo_of_Bayeux" title="Odo of Bayeux">Odo of Bayeux</a>, the county was granted similar powers to those granted in the areas bordering <a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a> and <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>.<a href="#cite_note-odo-26">[26]</a> During the medieval and early modern period, Kent played a major role in several of England's most notable rebellions, including the <a href="/wiki/Peasants%27_Revolt" title="Peasants' Revolt">Peasants' Revolt</a> of 1381, led by <a href="/wiki/Wat_Tyler" title="Wat Tyler">Wat Tyler</a>,<a href="#cite_note-revolt-27">[27]</a> <a href="/wiki/Jack_Cade" class="mw-redirect" title="Jack Cade">Jack Cade</a>'s Kent rebellion of 1450, and <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Wyatt_the_younger" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Wyatt the younger">Wyatt's</a> Rebellion of 1554 against Queen <a href="/wiki/Mary_I_of_England" title="Mary I of England">Mary I</a>.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HistorieKent1576.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/HistorieKent1576.jpg/220px-HistorieKent1576.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="413" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="554" data-file-height="1040"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 413px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/HistorieKent1576.jpg/220px-HistorieKent1576.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="413" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/HistorieKent1576.jpg/330px-HistorieKent1576.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/HistorieKent1576.jpg/440px-HistorieKent1576.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Title page of <a href="/wiki/William_Lambarde" title="William Lambarde">William Lambarde</a>'s Perambulation of Kent (completed in 1570 and published in 1576), a historical description of Kent and the first published <a href="/wiki/English_county_histories" title="English county histories">county history</a></figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a> first used the <a href="/wiki/River_Medway" title="River Medway">River Medway</a> in 1547. By the reign of <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I" title="Elizabeth I">Elizabeth I</a> (1558–1603) a small dockyard had been established at <a href="/wiki/Chatham,_Kent" title="Chatham, Kent">Chatham</a>. By 1618, storehouses, a <a href="/wiki/Ropewalk" title="Ropewalk">ropewalk</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Drydock" class="mw-redirect" title="Drydock">drydock</a>, and houses for officials had been built downstream from Chatham.<a href="#cite_note-THDC-29">[29]</a> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cantium_southsexia_surria_meddlesexia_Atlas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Cantium_southsexia_surria_meddlesexia_Atlas.jpg/250px-Cantium_southsexia_surria_meddlesexia_Atlas.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="9709" data-file-height="7301"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 188px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Cantium_southsexia_surria_meddlesexia_Atlas.jpg/250px-Cantium_southsexia_surria_meddlesexia_Atlas.jpg" data-width="250" data-height="188" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Cantium_southsexia_surria_meddlesexia_Atlas.jpg/500px-Cantium_southsexia_surria_meddlesexia_Atlas.jpg 1.5x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Hand-drawn map of Kent, Sussex, Surrey and Middlesex from 1575.</figcaption></figure> By the 17th century, tensions between Britain and the powers of the Netherlands and France led to increasing military build-up in the county. Forts were built all along the coast following the <a href="/wiki/Raid_on_the_Medway" title="Raid on the Medway">raid on the Medway</a>, a successful attack by the Dutch navy on the shipyards of the <a href="/wiki/Medway" title="Medway">Medway</a> towns in 1667.<a href="#cite_note-ruyter-30">[30]</a> The 18th century was dominated by wars with France, during which the Medway became the primary base for a fleet that could act along the Dutch and French coasts. When the theatre of operation moved to the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlantic">Atlantic</a>, this role was assumed by <a href="/wiki/Portsmouth" title="Portsmouth">Portsmouth</a> and <a href="/wiki/Plymouth" title="Plymouth">Plymouth</a>, with Chatham concentrating on shipbuilding and ship repair. As an indication of the area's military importance, the first <a href="/wiki/Ordnance_Survey" title="Ordnance Survey">Ordnance Survey</a> map ever drawn was a one-inch map of Kent, published in 1801.<a href="#cite_note-ccs-31">[31]</a> Many of the <a href="/wiki/Georgian_architecture" title="Georgian architecture">Georgian</a> naval buildings still stand. In the early 19th century, smugglers were very active on the Kent coastline. Gangs such as <a href="/wiki/The_Aldington_Gang" title="The Aldington Gang">The Aldington Gang</a> brought spirits, tobacco and salt to the county, and transported goods such as wool across the sea to France.<a href="#cite_note-Aldington-32">[32]</a> In 1889, the <a href="/wiki/County_of_London" title="County of London">County of London</a> was created and took over responsibility for local administration of parts of north-west Kent. These included the towns of <a href="/wiki/Greenwich" title="Greenwich">Greenwich</a>, <a href="/wiki/Woolwich" title="Woolwich">Woolwich</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plumstead" title="Plumstead">Plumstead</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deptford" title="Deptford">Deptford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lee,_London" title="Lee, London">Lee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eltham,_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Eltham, London">Eltham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charlton,_London" title="Charlton, London">Charlton</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kidbrooke" title="Kidbrooke">Kidbrooke</a>. In 1900, however, Kent absorbed the district of <a href="/wiki/Penge_Urban_District" title="Penge Urban District">Penge</a>. Some of Kent is contiguous with the <a href="/wiki/Greater_London" title="Greater London">Greater London</a> sprawl, notably parts of <a href="/wiki/Dartford_(borough)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dartford (borough)">Dartford</a>. Originally, the border between Kent and Sussex (later <a href="/wiki/East_Sussex" title="East Sussex">East Sussex</a>) ran through the towns of <a href="/wiki/Royal_Tunbridge_Wells" title="Royal Tunbridge Wells">Tunbridge Wells</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lamberhurst" title="Lamberhurst">Lamberhurst</a>. In 1894, by the <a href="/wiki/Local_Government_Act_1894" title="Local Government Act 1894">Local Government Act</a>, the parts of these towns that lay in East Sussex were absorbed by Kent. During the Second World War, much of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Britain" title="Battle of Britain">Battle of Britain</a> was fought in the skies over Kent. Between June 1944 and March 1945, more than 10,000 <a href="/wiki/V1_flying_bomb" class="mw-redirect" title="V1 flying bomb">V1 flying bombs</a>, or "Doodlebugs", were fired towards London from bases in <a href="/wiki/Pas-de-Calais" title="Pas-de-Calais">Northern France</a>. Although many were destroyed by aircraft, anti-aircraft guns and <a href="/wiki/Barrage_balloon" title="Barrage balloon">barrage balloons</a>, both London and Kent were hit by around 2,500 of these bombs. After the war, Kent's borders changed several more times. In 1965, the London boroughs of <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Bromley" title="London Borough of Bromley">Bromley</a> and <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Bexley" title="London Borough of Bexley">Bexley</a> were created from nine towns formerly in Kent.<a href="#cite_note-KHI-33">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-unitary-34">[34]</a> In 1998, Rochester, Strood, Chatham, Gillingham and <a href="/wiki/Rainham,_Kent" title="Rainham, Kent">Rainham</a> left the administrative county of Kent to form the <a href="/wiki/Unitary_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Unitary Authority">Unitary Authority</a> of <a href="/wiki/Medway" title="Medway">Medway</a>. Plans for another unitary authority in <a href="/wiki/North_West_Kent" class="mw-redirect" title="North West Kent">north-west Kent</a> were dropped, but in 2016 consultations began between five Kent local authorities (Canterbury, Thanet, Dover, Folkestone & Hythe, and Ashford) with a view to forming a new unified authority for East Kent, although remaining within the auspices of Kent County Council. This idea was eventually dropped. For almost nine centuries, a small part of present-day East London (the <a href="/wiki/North_Woolwich" title="North Woolwich">North Woolwich</a>, <a href="/wiki/London_E16" class="mw-redirect" title="London E16">London E16</a> area), formed part of Kent. </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Kent&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Geography" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Kent" title="Geography of Kent">Geography of Kent</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:White_cliffs_of_dover_09_2004.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/White_cliffs_of_dover_09_2004.jpg/220px-White_cliffs_of_dover_09_2004.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="87" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="660" data-file-height="261"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 87px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/White_cliffs_of_dover_09_2004.jpg/220px-White_cliffs_of_dover_09_2004.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="87" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/White_cliffs_of_dover_09_2004.jpg/330px-White_cliffs_of_dover_09_2004.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/White_cliffs_of_dover_09_2004.jpg/440px-White_cliffs_of_dover_09_2004.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/White_Cliffs_of_Dover" title="White Cliffs of Dover">White Cliffs of Dover</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:France_manche_vue_dover.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/France_manche_vue_dover.JPG/330px-France_manche_vue_dover.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="131" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="593" data-file-height="258"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 300px;height: 131px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/France_manche_vue_dover.JPG/330px-France_manche_vue_dover.JPG" data-width="300" data-height="131" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/France_manche_vue_dover.JPG/500px-France_manche_vue_dover.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/France_manche_vue_dover.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>View of the White Cliffs of Dover from France</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_map_of_Romney_Marsh_(1662).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/A_map_of_Romney_Marsh_%281662%29.jpg/250px-A_map_of_Romney_Marsh_%281662%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="131" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="7554" data-file-height="4505"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 131px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/A_map_of_Romney_Marsh_%281662%29.jpg/250px-A_map_of_Romney_Marsh_%281662%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="131" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/A_map_of_Romney_Marsh_%281662%29.jpg/330px-A_map_of_Romney_Marsh_%281662%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/A_map_of_Romney_Marsh_%281662%29.jpg/500px-A_map_of_Romney_Marsh_%281662%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>A map of Romney Marsh "The history of imbanking and drayning" by <a href="/wiki/William_Dugdale" title="William Dugdale">William Dugdale</a> (1662).</figcaption></figure> Kent is in the southeastern corner of England. It borders the <a href="/wiki/Thames_Estuary" title="Thames Estuary">Thames Estuary</a> and the <a href="/wiki/North_Sea" title="North Sea">North Sea</a> to the north, and the <a href="/wiki/Straits_of_Dover" class="mw-redirect" title="Straits of Dover">Straits of Dover</a> and the <a href="/wiki/English_Channel" title="English Channel">English Channel</a> to the south. France is 21 miles (34 km) across the Strait.<a href="#cite_note-msn-35">[35]</a> The major geographical features of the county are based on a series of ridges and valleys running east–west across the county. These are the results of <a href="/wiki/Erosion" title="Erosion">erosion</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Weald" title="Weald">Wealden</a> dome, a dome across Kent and <a href="/wiki/Sussex" title="Sussex">Sussex</a> created by <a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_Alps" title="Geography of the Alps">alpine</a> movements 20–10 million years ago. This dome consists of an upper layer of <a href="/wiki/Chalk" title="Chalk">chalk</a> above successive layers of <a href="/wiki/Upper_Greensand" class="mw-redirect" title="Upper Greensand">Upper Greensand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gault_Clay" class="mw-redirect" title="Gault Clay">Gault Clay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lower_Greensand" class="mw-redirect" title="Lower Greensand">Lower Greensand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Weald_Clay" title="Weald Clay">Weald Clay</a>, and Wealden sandstone. The ridges and valleys formed when the exposed clay eroded faster than the exposed chalk, greensand, or sandstone. <a href="/wiki/Sevenoaks" title="Sevenoaks">Sevenoaks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maidstone" title="Maidstone">Maidstone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ashford,_Kent" title="Ashford, Kent">Ashford</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Folkestone" title="Folkestone">Folkestone</a> are built on greensand,<a href="#cite_note-gswik-36">[36]</a> while <a href="/wiki/Tonbridge" title="Tonbridge">Tonbridge</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tunbridge_Wells" class="mw-redirect" title="Tunbridge Wells">Tunbridge Wells</a> are built on sandstone.<a href="#cite_note-stamp-37">[37]</a> <a href="/wiki/Dartford" title="Dartford">Dartford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gravesend,_Kent" class="mw-redirect" title="Gravesend, Kent">Gravesend</a>, the Medway towns, <a href="/wiki/Sittingbourne" title="Sittingbourne">Sittingbourne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Faversham" title="Faversham">Faversham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canterbury" title="Canterbury">Canterbury</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deal,_Kent" title="Deal, Kent">Deal</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Dover" title="Dover">Dover</a> are built on chalk.<a href="#cite_note-gswik-36">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-stamp-37">[37]</a> The easterly section of the Wealden dome has been eroded away by the sea, and cliffs such as the <a href="/wiki/White_Cliffs_of_Dover" title="White Cliffs of Dover">White Cliffs of Dover</a> are present where a chalk ridge known as the <a href="/wiki/North_Downs" title="North Downs">North Downs</a> meets the coast. Spanning Dover and <a href="/wiki/Westerham" title="Westerham">Westerham</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Kent_Downs_AONB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kent Downs AONB">Kent Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty</a>.<a href="#cite_note-downs-38">[38]</a> The Wealden dome is a <a href="/wiki/Mesozoic" title="Mesozoic">Mesozoic</a> structure lying on a <a href="/wiki/Palaeozoic" class="mw-redirect" title="Palaeozoic">Palaeozoic</a> foundation, which can often create the right conditions for coal formation. This is found in East Kent roughly between Deal, Canterbury, and Dover. The <a href="/wiki/Coal_Measures" class="mw-redirect" title="Coal Measures">Coal Measures</a> within the Westphalian Sandstone are about 820–1,310 ft (250–400 m) deep, and are subject to flooding. They occur in two major troughs, which extend under the English Channel.<a href="#cite_note-gkb-39">[39]</a> Seismic activity has occasionally been recorded in Kent, though the <a href="/wiki/Epicentre" class="mw-redirect" title="Epicentre">epicentres</a> were offshore. In 1382 and 1580 there were two earthquakes exceeding 6.0 on the <a href="/wiki/Richter_Scale" class="mw-redirect" title="Richter Scale">Richter Scale</a>. In 1776, 1950, and on 28 April 2007 there were earthquakes of around 4.3. The <a href="/wiki/2007_Kent_earthquake" title="2007 Kent earthquake">2007 earthquake</a> caused physical damage in Folkestone.<a href="#cite_note-gquake-40">[40]</a> A further quake on 22 May 2015 measured 4.2 on the Richter Scale.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> It was centred in the Sandwich area of east Kent at about ten miles below the surface. There was little if any damage reported. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KentGeologyWealdenDome.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/KentGeologyWealdenDome.svg/250px-KentGeologyWealdenDome.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="625" data-file-height="312"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 110px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/KentGeologyWealdenDome.svg/250px-KentGeologyWealdenDome.svg.png" data-width="220" data-height="110" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/KentGeologyWealdenDome.svg/330px-KentGeologyWealdenDome.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/KentGeologyWealdenDome.svg/500px-KentGeologyWealdenDome.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Geological cross-section of Kent, showing how it relates to major towns</figcaption></figure> The coastline of Kent is continuously changing, due to <a href="/wiki/Tectonic_uplift" title="Tectonic uplift">tectonic uplift</a> and <a href="/wiki/Coastal_erosion" title="Coastal erosion">coastal erosion</a>. Until about 960, the <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Thanet" title="Isle of Thanet">Isle of Thanet</a> was an island, separated by the <a href="/wiki/Wantsum_channel" class="mw-redirect" title="Wantsum channel">Wantsum channel</a>, formed around a deposit of chalk; over time, the channels silted up with <a href="/wiki/Alluvium" title="Alluvium">alluvium</a>. Similarly <a href="/wiki/Romney_Marsh" title="Romney Marsh">Romney Marsh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dungeness_(headland)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dungeness (headland)">Dungeness</a> have been formed by accumulation of alluvium.<a href="#cite_note-stamp-37">[37]</a> Kent's principal river, the <a href="/wiki/River_Medway" title="River Medway">River Medway</a>, rises near <a href="/wiki/East_Grinstead" title="East Grinstead">East Grinstead</a> in Sussex and flows eastwards to <a href="/wiki/Maidstone" title="Maidstone">Maidstone</a>. Here it turns north and breaks through the North Downs at Rochester, then joins the estuary of the River Thames near <a href="/wiki/Sheerness" title="Sheerness">Sheerness</a>. The Medway is some 70 miles (112 km) long.<a href="#cite_note-medway-42">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> The river is tidal as far as <a href="/wiki/Allington,_Kent" title="Allington, Kent">Allington</a> lock, but in earlier times, cargo-carrying vessels reached as far upstream as <a href="/wiki/Tonbridge" title="Tonbridge">Tonbridge</a>.<a href="#cite_note-medway-42">[42]</a> The Medway has captured the head waters of other rivers such as the <a href="/wiki/River_Darent" title="River Darent">River Darent</a>. Other <a href="/wiki/Rivers_of_Kent" title="Rivers of Kent">rivers of Kent</a> include the <a href="/wiki/River_Stour,_Kent" title="River Stour, Kent">River Stour</a> in the east. A 2014 study found that Kent shares significant reserves of shale oil with other neighbouring counties, totalling 4.4 billion <a href="/wiki/Barrel_(unit)" title="Barrel (unit)">barrels of oil</a>, which then Business and Energy Minister <a href="/wiki/Michael_Fallon" title="Michael Fallon">Michael Fallon</a> said "will bring jobs and business opportunities" and significantly help with UK energy self-sufficiency. <a href="/wiki/Hydraulic_fracturing_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydraulic fracturing in the United Kingdom">Fracking</a> in the area is required to achieve these objectives; it has been opposed by environmental groups.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_hills_of_Kent" title="List of hills of Kent">List of hills of Kent</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Kent&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Climate" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Kent is one of the warmest parts of Britain. On 10 August 2003, in the hamlet of <a href="/wiki/Brogdale" title="Brogdale">Brogdale</a> near <a href="/wiki/Faversham" title="Faversham">Faversham</a> the temperature reached 38.5 °C (101.3 °F), at that time the highest temperature ever officially recorded in the United Kingdom. The record still stands as the hottest August day ever recorded.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for <a href="/wiki/Wye,_Kent" title="Wye, Kent">Wye</a>, England (1981–2010) data </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFEBD7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.4 (45.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.4 (45.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFD7AF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.3 (50.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFC58B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.9 (55.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFAD5C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.3 (61.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.3 (66.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF8710; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.8 (71.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF870F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.9 (71.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF9C39; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.8 (65.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFB871; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.8 (58.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFD4A9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.7 (51.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFE8D1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.8 (46.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC7A; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">14.1 (57.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.5 (40.1) </td> <td style="background: #FEFEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.4 (39.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFEFE0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.7 (44.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFE2C5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.7 (47.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFCB97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.0 (53.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFB872; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.7 (58.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFA74F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.2 (63.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFA74F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.2 (63.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFB973; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.6 (58.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFD0A2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.2 (52.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFEAD5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.5 (45.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFFBF8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.0 (41.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFD7AF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">10.3 (50.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.7 (35.1) </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.5 (34.7) </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.1 (37.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFFEFD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.6 (40.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFE8D2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.7 (45.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFD7B0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.2 (50.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFC78F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.6 (54.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFC790; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.5 (54.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFD5AC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.5 (50.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFE8D2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.7 (45.9) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.3 (39.7) </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.3 (36.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFF0E2; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">6.6 (43.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #9494FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">71.4 (2.81) </td> <td style="background: #ACACFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">50.3 (1.98) </td> <td style="background: #B6B6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48.9 (1.93) </td> <td style="background: #B3B3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49.1 (1.93) </td> <td style="background: #B3B3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">50.7 (2.00) </td> <td style="background: #B3B3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48.8 (1.92) </td> <td style="background: #B7B7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48.2 (1.90) </td> <td style="background: #A2A2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61.8 (2.43) </td> <td style="background: #AAAAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.1 (2.17) </td> <td style="background: #7474FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">93.0 (3.66) </td> <td style="background: #7E7EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">83.5 (3.29) </td> <td style="background: #8787FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">80.3 (3.16) </td> <td style="background: #A1A1FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">741.1 (29.18) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days </th> <td style="background: #6262FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.7 </td> <td style="background: #7D7DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.6 </td> <td style="background: #8989FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.5 </td> <td style="background: #8C8CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.0 </td> <td style="background: #8D8DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.2 </td> <td style="background: #9A9AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.9 </td> <td style="background: #9F9FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.7 </td> <td style="background: #A3A3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.4 </td> <td style="background: #9797FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.1 </td> <td style="background: #6969FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.1 </td> <td style="background: #6666FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.0 </td> <td style="background: #6868FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.2 </td> <td style="background: #8484FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">117.4 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #6C6C6C; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">59.6 </td> <td style="background: #9F9F9F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79.6 </td> <td style="background: #B4B46C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">115.3 </td> <td style="background: #D1D100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">174.1 </td> <td style="background: #D8D800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">205.2 </td> <td style="background: #D9D900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">200.1 </td> <td style="background: #DADA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">213.7 </td> <td style="background: #DADA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">210.3 </td> <td style="background: #C7C700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">152.2 </td> <td style="background: #B5B564; color:#000000;" class="notheme">118.2 </td> <td style="background: #878787; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">71.9 </td> <td style="background: #5B5B5B; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">49.8 </td> <td style="background: #BFBF29; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,649.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><h2 id="Governance">Governance</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Kent&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Governance" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_Kent_County_Council.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Arms_of_Kent_County_Council.svg/220px-Arms_of_Kent_County_Council.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="233" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="876" data-file-height="926"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 233px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Arms_of_Kent_County_Council.svg/220px-Arms_of_Kent_County_Council.svg.png" data-width="220" data-height="233" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Arms_of_Kent_County_Council.svg/330px-Arms_of_Kent_County_Council.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Arms_of_Kent_County_Council.svg/440px-Arms_of_Kent_County_Council.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>The coat of arms of Kent County Council</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Kent_County_Council" title="Kent County Council">Kent County Council</a> and its twelve <a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Local government in the United Kingdom">district councils</a> administer most of the county (3352 km2), whilst the <a href="/wiki/Medway_Council" title="Medway Council">Medway Council</a> administers the more densely populated <a href="/wiki/Medway" title="Medway">Medway</a> unitary authority (192 km2), independently of the county council.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> Together they have around 300 <a href="/wiki/Town_council" title="Town council">town</a> and <a href="/wiki/Parish_councils_in_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Parish councils in England">parish councils</a>. Kent County Council's headquarters are in <a href="/wiki/Maidstone" title="Maidstone">Maidstone</a>,<a href="#cite_note-kccdem-48">[48]</a> while Medway's offices are at Gun Wharf, <a href="/wiki/Chatham,_Kent" title="Chatham, Kent">Chatham</a>. For most of its history since the local government reforms instituted by the <a href="/wiki/Local_Government_Act_1972" title="Local Government Act 1972">Local Government Act 1972</a>, Kent County Council has been under <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative Party</a> control; the exception was between 1993 and 1997 when the party came under <a href="/wiki/No_overall_control" title="No overall control">no overall control</a> with <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a> leadership. At the <a href="/wiki/2021_Kent_County_Council_election" title="2021 Kent County Council election">most recent county council election in 2021</a>, the Conservatives won 62 out of 81 seats. Also elected were seven Labour councillors, six <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Liberal Democrats</a>, four from the <a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_England_and_Wales" title="Green Party of England and Wales">Green Party</a>, one <a href="/wiki/Swale_Independents" title="Swale Independents">Swale Independent</a> and one <a href="/wiki/Residents%27_association" class="mw-redirect" title="Residents' association">residents' association</a> representative. Of Kent's thirteen districts, two are under Conservative control (Sevenoaks, Dartford), four are under Labour control (Gravesham, Medway, Thanet, Dover), one is under Liberal Democrat control (Tunbridge Wells), and six are under no overall control and are administered by coalitions (Tonbridge and Malling, Maidstone, Swale, Ashford, Canterbury, Folkestone and Hythe). Notably, Thanet is the only council in the United Kingdom to have come under <a href="/wiki/UK_Independence_Party" title="UK Independence Party">UK Independence Party</a> (UKIP) control, which it did in <a href="/wiki/2015_Thanet_District_Council_election" title="2015 Thanet District Council election">2015</a>.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> At the national level, Kent is represented in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Commons (UK)">House of Commons</a> by <a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliamentary_constituencies_in_Kent" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliamentary constituencies in Kent">eighteen Members of Parliament</a> (MPs). The county has historically been dominated by the Conservative Party at general elections. Prior to 2024, the party had won a majority of Kentish seats in every election since the local government reforms of 1974, including during Labour's <a href="/wiki/Landslide_victory" title="Landslide victory">landslide victories</a> of <a href="/wiki/1997_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1997 United Kingdom general election">1997</a> and <a href="/wiki/2001_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2001 United Kingdom general election">2001</a>. In both <a href="/wiki/2010_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2010 United Kingdom general election">2010</a> and <a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2015 United Kingdom general election">2015</a>, the Conservatives won every seat in the county.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> The <a href="/wiki/2024_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2024 United Kingdom general election">2024 election</a> saw a sharp decline in support for the Conservatives, and the county is currently represented by eleven Labour MPs, six Conservatives and one Liberal Democrat. <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <caption><a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2015 United Kingdom general election">General Election 2015</a>: Kent </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Party </th> <th style="background:#0087DC; color:white">Conservative </th> <th style="background:#6D3177; color:white">UKIP </th> <th style="background:#E4003B; color:white">Labour </th> <th style="background:#FAA61A">Lib Dem </th> <th style="background:#02A95B; color:white">Green </th> <th>Others </th> <th>Turnout </th></tr> <tr class="nowrap"> <th>Votes </th> <td>422,119 (49.2%) </td> <td>174,476 (20.3%) </td> <td>171,990 (20.0%) </td> <td>54,151 (6.3%) </td> <td>31,069 (3.6%) </td> <td>4,221 (0.5%) </td> <td>858,026 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Seats </th> <td>17 <noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </td> <td>0 <noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </td> <td>0 <noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </td> <td>0 <noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </td> <td>0 <noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </td> <td>0 <noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <caption><a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2017 United Kingdom general election">General Election 2017</a>: Kent </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Party </th> <th style="background:#0087DC; color:white">Conservative </th> <th style="background:#E4003B; color:white">Labour </th> <th style="background:#FAA61A">Lib Dem </th> <th style="background:#6D3177; color:white">UKIP </th> <th style="background:#02A95B; color:white">Green </th> <th>Others </th> <th>Turnout </th></tr> <tr class="nowrap"> <th>Votes </th> <td>503,068 (56.4%) <noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 80,949 </td> <td>282,296 (31.7%) <noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 110,306 </td> <td>49,153 (5.5%) <noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 4,998 </td> <td>31,732 (3.6%) <noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 142,744 </td> <td>19,469 (2.2%) <noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 11,600 </td> <td>5,818 (0.7%) </td> <td>891,536 <noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 33,510 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Seats </th> <td>16 <noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 1 </td> <td>1 <noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 1 </td> <td>0 <noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </td> <td>0 <noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </td> <td>0 <noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </td> <td>0 <noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <caption><a href="/wiki/2019_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2019 United Kingdom general election">General Election 2019</a>: Kent </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Party </th> <th style="background:#0087DC; color:white">Conservative </th> <th style="background:#E4003B; color:white">Labour </th> <th style="background:#FAA61A">Lib Dem </th> <th style="background:#02A95B; color:white">Green </th> <th>Others </th> <th>Turnout </th></tr> <tr class="nowrap"> <th>Votes </th> <td>532,342 (60.1%) <noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 29,274 </td> <td>221,554 (25.0%) <noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 60,742 </td> <td>91,974 (10.4%) <noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 42,821 </td> <td>28,264 (3.2%) <noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 8,795 </td> <td>11,063 (1.2%) </td> <td>885,197 <noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 6,339 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Seats </th> <td>16 <noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </td> <td>1 <noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </td> <td>0 <noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </td> <td>0 <noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </td> <td>0 <noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <caption><a href="/wiki/2024_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2024 United Kingdom general election">General Election 2024</a>: Kent </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Party </th> <th style="background:#0087DC; color:white">Conservative </th> <th style="background:#E4003B; color:white">Labour </th> <th style="background:#12B6CF; color:white">Reform </th> <th style="background:#FAA61A">Lib Dem </th> <th style="background:#02A95B; color:white">Green </th> <th>Others </th> <th>Turnout </th></tr> <tr class="nowrap"> <th>Votes </th> <td>251,130 (30.3%) <noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 281,212 </td> <td>249,069 (30.1%) <noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 27,515 </td> <td>168,652 (20.4%) New party </td> <td>81,309 (9.8%) <noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 10,665 </td> <td>64,303 (7.8%) <noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 36,039 </td> <td>13,147 (1.6%) </td> <td>827,610 <noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 57,587 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Seats </th> <td>6 <noscript><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" data-alt="Decrease" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 10 </td> <td>11 <noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 10 </td> <td>0 <noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </td> <td>1 <noscript><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" data-alt="Increase" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> 1 </td> <td>0 <noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </td> <td>0 <noscript><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" data-alt="Steady" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </td></tr> </tbody></table> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><h2 id="Demography">Demography</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Kent&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Demography" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_settlements_in_Kent_by_population" title="List of settlements in Kent by population">List of settlements in Kent by population</a></div> At the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_Census_2011" class="mw-redirect" title="United Kingdom Census 2011">2011 census</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Statistics.gov.uk-51">[51]</a> Kent, including Medway, had 1,727,665 residents (18.0% of which in Medway); had 711,847 households (17.5% of which in Medway) and had 743,436 dwellings (14.8% of which in Medway). 51.1% of Kent's population excluding Medway was female — as to Medway, this proportion was 50.4%. The tables below provide statistics for the administrative county of Kent, that is, excluding Medway. <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Main household types<a href="#cite_note-Statistics.gov.uk-51">[51]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Married couples with/without children</th> <th>Sole occupants</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Cohabitation" title="Cohabitation">Unmarried couples</a> with/without children</th> <th>Lone parents</th> <th>Shared homes and institutions </th></tr> <tr> <td>210,671</td> <td>174,331 of which 79,310 over aged 65</td> <td>63,750</td> <td>60,645</td> <td>77,877 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Claimants of JSA or Income Support (<a href="/wiki/Department_for_Work_and_Pensions" title="Department for Work and Pensions">DWP</a>)<a href="#cite_note-Statistics.gov.uk-51">[51]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Unit</th> <th colspan="2">Claimants</th> <th rowspan="2">Population (April 2011) </th></tr> <tr> <th>August 2012</th> <th>August 2001 </th></tr> <tr> <td>Kent</td> <td>55,100</td> <td>89,470</td> <td>1,463,740 </td></tr> <tr> <td>% of 2011 Kent resident population (2001 population where applicable)</td> <td>3.8%</td> <td>6.7%</td> <td>- </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td colspan="4">Three highest-ranking districts </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Thanet_District" title="Thanet District">Thanet</a></td> <td>6.5%</td> <td>11.3%</td> <td>134,186 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Folkestone_and_Hythe_District" title="Folkestone and Hythe District">Folkestone and Hythe</a></td> <td>4.9%</td> <td>8.9%</td> <td>107,969 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Borough_of_Swale" title="Borough of Swale">Swale</a></td> <td>4.8%</td> <td>7.5%</td> <td>135,835 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td colspan="4">Three lowest-ranking districts </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tonbridge_and_Malling" title="Tonbridge and Malling">Tonbridge and Malling</a></td> <td>2.5%</td> <td>4.4%</td> <td>120,805 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sevenoaks_District" title="Sevenoaks District">Sevenoaks</a></td> <td>2.3%</td> <td>4.3%</td> <td>114,893 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Borough_of_Tunbridge_Wells" title="Borough of Tunbridge Wells">Tunbridge Wells</a></td> <td>2.2%</td> <td>5.1%</td> <td>115,049 </td></tr></tbody></table> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Kent&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Economy" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:StreetFarmOastFrittendenKent(ValVannet)Apr2006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/StreetFarmOastFrittendenKent%28ValVannet%29Apr2006.jpg/250px-StreetFarmOastFrittendenKent%28ValVannet%29Apr2006.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="457"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 157px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/StreetFarmOastFrittendenKent%28ValVannet%29Apr2006.jpg/250px-StreetFarmOastFrittendenKent%28ValVannet%29Apr2006.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="157" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/StreetFarmOastFrittendenKent%28ValVannet%29Apr2006.jpg/330px-StreetFarmOastFrittendenKent%28ValVannet%29Apr2006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/StreetFarmOastFrittendenKent%28ValVannet%29Apr2006.jpg/500px-StreetFarmOastFrittendenKent%28ValVannet%29Apr2006.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Converted <a href="/wiki/Oast_house" title="Oast house">oast houses</a> at <a href="/wiki/Frittenden" title="Frittenden">Frittenden</a></figcaption></figure> At the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_Census_2001" class="mw-redirect" title="United Kingdom Census 2001">2001 UK census</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Cleanup" title="Wikipedia:Cleanup">out of date</a>],<a href="#cite_note-Statistics.gov.uk-51">[51]</a> employment statistics for the residents in Kent, including Medway, were as follows: 41.1% in full-time employment, 12.4% in part-time employment, 9.1% self-employed, 2.9% unemployed, 2.3% students with jobs, 3.7% students without jobs, 12.3% retired, 7.3% looking after home or family, 4.3% permanently sick or disabled, and 2.7% economically inactive for other reasons. Of residents aged 16–74, 16% had a higher education qualification or the equivalent, compared to 20% nationwide.<a href="#cite_note-Statistics.gov.uk-51">[51]</a> The average hours worked per week by residents of Kent were 43.1 for males and 30.9 for females. Their industry of employment was 17.3% retail, 12.4% manufacturing, 11.8% real estate, 10.3% health and social work, 8.9% construction, 8.2% transport and communications, 7.9% education, 6.0% public administration and defence, 5.6% finance, 4.8% other community and personal service activities, 4.1% hotels and restaurants, 1.6% agriculture, 0.8% energy and water supply, 0.2% mining, and 0.1% private households. This is higher than the whole of England for construction and transport/communications and lower for manufacturing. Kent is sometimes known as the "Garden of England" for its abundance of orchards and <a href="/wiki/Hops" title="Hops">hop</a> gardens. In particular the county produces tree-grown fruits,<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> strawberries and hazelnuts.<a href="#cite_note-hazelnut-53">[53]</a> Distinctive hop-drying buildings called <a href="/wiki/Oast_house" title="Oast house">oasts</a> are common in the countryside, although many have been converted into dwellings. Nearer to London, market gardens also flourish. Kent is the main area for <a href="/wiki/Hazelnut" title="Hazelnut">hazelnut</a> production in the UK. However, in recent years, there has been a significant drop in agriculture, and industry and services are increasing their utilisation of the area. This is illustrated by the following table of economic indicator <a href="/wiki/Gross_value_added" title="Gross value added">gross value added</a> (GVA) between 1995 and 2003[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Cleanup" title="Wikipedia:Cleanup">out of date</a>] (figures are in £ millions):<a href="#cite_note-dunge-54">[54]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th>Regional GVA<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><a href="#endnote_roundingA">[A]</a></th> <th colspan="2">Agriculture</th> <th colspan="2">Industry<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><a href="#endnote_energyB">[B]</a></th> <th colspan="2">Services<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><a href="#endnote_financialC">[C]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="8">County of Kent (excluding Medway) </td></tr> <tr> <td>1995</td> <td>12,369</td> <td>379</td> <td>3.1%</td> <td>3,886</td> <td>31.4%</td> <td>8,104</td> <td>65.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2000</td> <td>15,259</td> <td>259</td> <td>1.7%</td> <td>4,601</td> <td>30.2%</td> <td>10,399</td> <td>68.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2003</td> <td>18,126</td> <td>287</td> <td>1.6%</td> <td>5,057</td> <td>27.9%</td> <td>12,783</td> <td>70.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="8">Medway </td></tr> <tr> <td>1995</td> <td>1,823</td> <td>21</td> <td>3.1%</td> <td>560</td> <td>31.4%</td> <td>1,243</td> <td>68.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2000</td> <td>2,348</td> <td>8</td> <td>1.7%</td> <td>745</td> <td>30.2%</td> <td>1,595</td> <td>67.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2003</td> <td>2,671</td> <td>10</td> <td>1.6%</td> <td>802</td> <td>27.9%</td> <td>1,859</td> <td>69.6% </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="margin: 1em auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><a href="#ref_roundingA">A</a> Components may not sum to totals due to rounding </td></tr> <tr> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><a href="#ref_energyB">B</a> includes energy and construction </td></tr> <tr> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><a href="#ref_financialC">C</a> includes financial intermediation services indirectly measured </td></tr></tbody></table> North Kent is heavily industrialised, with cement-making at <a href="/wiki/Northfleet" title="Northfleet">Northfleet</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cuxton" title="Cuxton">Cuxton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brickmaking" class="mw-redirect" title="Brickmaking">brickmaking</a> at Sittingbourne, <a href="/wiki/Shipbuilding" title="Shipbuilding">shipbuilding</a> on the Medway and <a href="/wiki/The_Swale" title="The Swale">Swale</a>, engineering and <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_design_process" title="Aircraft design process">aircraft design</a> and construction at Rochester, <a href="/wiki/Chemicals" class="mw-redirect" title="Chemicals">chemicals</a> at Dartford, <a href="/wiki/Papermaking" title="Papermaking">papermaking</a> at <a href="/wiki/Swanley" title="Swanley">Swanley</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Oil_refinery" title="Oil refinery">oil refining</a> at <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Grain" title="Isle of Grain">Grain</a>.<a href="#cite_note-KHI-33">[33]</a> There is a steel mini mill in <a href="/wiki/Sheerness" title="Sheerness">Sheerness</a> and a rolling mill in <a href="/wiki/Queenborough" title="Queenborough">Queenborough</a>. There are two <a href="/wiki/Dungeness_nuclear_power_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Dungeness nuclear power station">nuclear power stations</a> at <a href="/wiki/Dungeness_(headland)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dungeness (headland)">Dungeness</a>, although the older one, Dungeness A, built in 1965, was decommissioned in 2006.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-55">[55]</a> Cement-making, papermaking, and coal-mining were important industries in Kent during the 19th and 20th centuries. Cement came to the fore in the 19th century when massive building projects were undertaken. The ready supply of chalk and huge pits between <a href="/wiki/Stone,_Kent" title="Stone, Kent">Stone</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gravesend,_Kent" class="mw-redirect" title="Gravesend, Kent">Gravesend</a> bear testament to that industry. There were also other workings around <a href="/wiki/Burham" title="Burham">Burham</a> on the tidal Medway.<a href="#cite_note-ChathamNews-56">[56]</a> Chalk, <a href="/wiki/Gravel" title="Gravel">gravel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Clay" title="Clay">clay</a> were excavated on <a href="/wiki/Dartford_Heath" title="Dartford Heath">Dartford Heath</a> for centuries. Kent's original <a href="/wiki/Paper_mill" title="Paper mill">paper mills</a> stood on streams like the <a href="/wiki/River_Darent" title="River Darent">River Darent</a>, tributaries of the River Medway, and on the <a href="/wiki/River_Stour,_Kent" title="River Stour, Kent">River Stour</a>. Two 18th century mills were on the <a href="/wiki/Rivers_of_Kent" title="Rivers of Kent">River Len</a> and at <a href="/wiki/Tovil" title="Tovil">Tovil</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Loose_Stream" title="Loose Stream">River Loose</a>. In the late 19th century huge modern mills were built at Dartford and Northfleet on the River Thames and at <a href="/wiki/Sittingbourne" title="Sittingbourne">Kemsley</a> on The Swale. In pre-industrial times, almost every village and town had its own <a href="/wiki/Windmill" title="Windmill">windmill</a> or <a href="/wiki/Watermill" title="Watermill">watermill</a>, with <a href="/wiki/List_of_windmills_in_Kent" title="List of windmills in Kent">over 400 windmills</a> known to have stood at some time. Twenty-eight survive within the county today, plus two replica mills and a further two in that part of Kent now absorbed into London. All the major rivers in the county were used to power watermills. From about 1900, several coal pits operated in East Kent. The <a href="/wiki/Kent_Coalfield" title="Kent Coalfield">Kent Coalfield</a> was mined during the 20th century at several collieries,<a href="#cite_note-chik-57">[57]</a> including Chislet, Tilmanstone, Betteshanger, and the Snowdown Colliery, which ran from 1908 to 1986.<a href="#cite_note-snowdown-58">[58]</a> The west of the county (including Tunbridge Wells, Tonbridge, and Sevenoaks) has less than 50% of the average claimant count for low incomes or worklessness as the coastal districts of Dover, Folkestone and Hythe, and Thanet (chiefly three resorts: Ramsgate, Broadstairs, and Margate). West and Central Kent have long had many <a href="/wiki/London_commuter_belt" class="mw-redirect" title="London commuter belt">City of London commuters</a>. </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Kent&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Culture" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Architecture">Architecture</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Kent&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Architecture" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Canterbury_Cathedral_-_Portal_Nave_Cross-spire.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Canterbury_Cathedral_-_Portal_Nave_Cross-spire.jpeg/220px-Canterbury_Cathedral_-_Portal_Nave_Cross-spire.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3113" data-file-height="2395"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 169px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Canterbury_Cathedral_-_Portal_Nave_Cross-spire.jpeg/220px-Canterbury_Cathedral_-_Portal_Nave_Cross-spire.jpeg" data-width="220" data-height="169" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Canterbury_Cathedral_-_Portal_Nave_Cross-spire.jpeg/330px-Canterbury_Cathedral_-_Portal_Nave_Cross-spire.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Canterbury_Cathedral_-_Portal_Nave_Cross-spire.jpeg/440px-Canterbury_Cathedral_-_Portal_Nave_Cross-spire.jpeg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Canterbury_Cathedral" title="Canterbury Cathedral">Canterbury Cathedral</a></figcaption></figure> Kent's geographical location between the Straits of Dover and London has influenced its architecture, as has its <a href="/wiki/Cretaceous" title="Cretaceous">Cretaceous</a> geology and its good farming land and fine building clays. Kent's countryside pattern was determined by a <a href="/wiki/Gavelkind" title="Gavelkind">gavelkind</a> inheritance system that generated a proliferation of small settlements. There was no open-field system, and the large tracts were owned by the two great abbeys, <a href="/wiki/Christ_Church,_Canterbury" class="mw-redirect" title="Christ Church, Canterbury">Christ Church, Canterbury</a> and <a href="/wiki/St_Augustine%27s_Abbey" title="St Augustine's Abbey">St Augustine's Abbey</a>, that did not pass into the hands of the king during the <a href="/wiki/Reformation" title="Reformation">Reformation</a>. <a href="/wiki/Canterbury_Cathedral" title="Canterbury Cathedral">Canterbury Cathedral</a> is the United Kingdom's <a href="/wiki/Suffragan" class="mw-redirect" title="Suffragan">metropolitan cathedral</a>; it was founded in AD 598 and displays architecture from all periods. There are nine Anglo-Saxon churches in Kent. <a href="/wiki/Rochester_Cathedral" title="Rochester Cathedral">Rochester Cathedral</a> is England's second-oldest cathedral, the present building built in the Early English Style.<a href="#cite_note-Pevsner-59">[59]</a> These two dioceses ensured that every village had a parish church. The sites of <a href="/wiki/Richborough_Castle" title="Richborough Castle">Richborough Castle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dover_Castle" title="Dover Castle">Dover Castle</a>, along with two strategic sites along Watling Street, were fortified by the Romans and the Dukes of Kent. Other important sites include <a href="/wiki/Canterbury_city_walls" title="Canterbury city walls">Canterbury city walls</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rochester_Castle" title="Rochester Castle">Rochester Castle</a>.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated3-60">[60]</a> There remained a need to defend London and thus Kent. <a href="/wiki/Deal_Castle" title="Deal Castle">Deal Castle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walmer_Castle" title="Walmer Castle">Walmer Castle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sandown_Castle,_Kent" title="Sandown Castle, Kent">Sandown Castle</a> (whose remains were eroded by the sea in the 1990s) were constructed in late mediaeval times, and <a href="/wiki/Chatham_Historic_Dockyard" title="Chatham Historic Dockyard">HM Dockyard, at Chatham</a> and its surrounding castles and forts—<a href="/wiki/Upnor_Castle" title="Upnor Castle">Upnor Castle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Great_Lines_Heritage_Park" title="Great Lines Heritage Park">Great Lines</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fort_Amherst" title="Fort Amherst">Fort Amherst</a>—more recently. Kent has three unique vernacular architecture forms: the <a href="/wiki/Oast_house" title="Oast house">oast house</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Wealden_hall_house" title="Wealden hall house">Wealden hall house</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Peg_tile#Peg_tile" class="mw-redirect" title="Peg tile">Kentish peg-tiles</a>. Kent has bridge trusts to maintain its bridges, and though the great bridge (1387) at <a href="/wiki/Rochester_Bridge" title="Rochester Bridge">Rochester</a> was replaced there are medieval structures at <a href="/wiki/Aylesford" title="Aylesford">Aylesford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yalding" title="Yalding">Yalding</a> and <a href="/wiki/Teston" title="Teston">Teston</a>.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated4-61">[61]</a> With the motorways in the late twentieth century came the <a href="/wiki/M2_motorway_(Great_Britain)" title="M2 motorway (Great Britain)">M2 motorway bridge</a> spanning the Medway and the Dartford tunnel and the <a href="/wiki/Dartford_Crossing" title="Dartford Crossing">Dartford Bridge</a> spanning the Thames. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literature_and_publishing">Literature and publishing</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Kent&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Literature and publishing" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Kent has provided inspiration for several notable writers and artists. Canterbury's religious role gave rise to <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Chaucer" title="Geoffrey Chaucer">Chaucer</a>'s <a href="/wiki/The_Canterbury_Tales" title="The Canterbury Tales">Canterbury Tales</a>, a key development in the English language. The father of novelist <a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens</a> worked at the <a href="/wiki/Chatham_Dockyard" title="Chatham Dockyard">Chatham Dockyard</a>; in many of his books, the celebrated novelist featured the scenery of Chatham, Rochester, and the <a href="/wiki/Cliffe-at-Hoo" class="mw-redirect" title="Cliffe-at-Hoo">Cliffe</a> marshes.<a href="#cite_note-dickens-62">[62]</a> During the late 1930s, Nobel Prize-awarded novelist <a href="/wiki/William_Golding" title="William Golding">William Golding</a> worked as a teacher at <a href="/wiki/Maidstone_Grammar_School" title="Maidstone Grammar School">Maidstone Grammar School</a>, where he met his future wife Ann Brookfield.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated2-63">[63]</a> <a href="/wiki/William_Caxton" title="William Caxton">William Caxton</a>, who first introduced the <a href="/wiki/Printing_press" title="Printing press">printing press</a> to England, was born in Kent; the recent invention was key in helping many <a href="/wiki/Kentish_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Kentish dialect">Kent dialect</a> words and spellings to become standard in <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>. <a href="/wiki/Lord_Northbourne" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Northbourne">Lord Northbourne</a> hosted a <a href="/wiki/Biodynamic_agriculture" title="Biodynamic agriculture">biodynamic agriculture</a> conference on his estate at <a href="/wiki/Betteshanger" title="Betteshanger">Betteshanger</a> in the summer of 1939, he coined the term '<a href="/wiki/Organic_farming" title="Organic farming">organic farming</a>' and published his <a href="/wiki/Manifesto" title="Manifesto">manifesto</a> of <a href="/wiki/Organic_agriculture" class="mw-redirect" title="Organic agriculture">organic agriculture</a> the following year spawning a global movement for <a href="/wiki/Sustainable_agriculture" title="Sustainable agriculture">sustainable agriculture</a> and food.<a href="#cite_note-Kent-64">[64]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Classical_music">Classical music</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Kent&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Classical music" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Many notable musicians have been associated with Kent.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> <a href="/wiki/Walter_Galpin_Alcock" title="Walter Galpin Alcock">Walter Galpin Alcock</a>, composer and organist, who played the organ at the coronations of Edward VII, George V and George VI, was born at <a href="/wiki/Edenbridge,_Kent" title="Edenbridge, Kent">Edenbridge</a> in 1861. <a href="/wiki/Richard_Rodney_Bennett" title="Richard Rodney Bennett">Richard Rodney Bennett</a>, composer and pianist, was born at <a href="/wiki/Broadstairs" title="Broadstairs">Broadstairs</a> in 1936. <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Deller" title="Alfred Deller">Alfred Deller</a>, counter-tenor singer, was born at Margate in 1912. <a href="/wiki/Orlando_Gibbons" title="Orlando Gibbons">Orlando Gibbons</a>, composer and organist, died in Canterbury on 5 June 1625 and is buried in the cathedral. <a href="/wiki/George_Frideric_Handel" title="George Frideric Handel">George Frideric Handel</a> took the waters at Royal Tunbridge Wells in 1734 and 1735. <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Amadeus_Mozart" title="Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart">Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart</a>, together with his father, mother and sister, stayed at <a href="/wiki/Bourne_Park_House" title="Bourne Park House">Bourne Park House</a> near Canterbury, 25-30 July 1765. The nights of 24 and 30 July were spent in Canterbury, where they also went to the horse races. <a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Rimsky-Korsakov" title="Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov">Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov</a>, then an 18-year-old sea cadet, was anchored at Gravesend from November 1862 to February 1863; while there, he completed the slow movement of his First Symphony. <a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Sargent" title="Malcolm Sargent">Malcolm Sargent</a>, conductor, was born at Ashford in 1895. <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Tallis" title="Thomas Tallis">Thomas Tallis</a>, composer and organist, was a <a href="/wiki/Lay_clerk" title="Lay clerk">lay clerk</a> of <a href="/wiki/Canterbury_Cathedral" title="Canterbury Cathedral">Canterbury Cathedral</a> around 1541-2. <a href="/wiki/Peter_Warlock" title="Peter Warlock">Peter Warlock</a>, composer and writer on music, and <a href="/wiki/Ernest_John_Moeran" title="Ernest John Moeran">Ernest John Moeran</a>, composer, resided at <a href="/wiki/Eynsford" title="Eynsford">Eynsford</a> from 1925 to 1928; <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Bax" title="Arnold Bax">Arnold Bax</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Walton" title="William Walton">William Walton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Constant_Lambert" title="Constant Lambert">Constant Lambert</a> visited them here. <a href="/wiki/Percy_Whitlock" title="Percy Whitlock">Percy Whitlock</a>, organist and composer, was born at Chatham in 1903. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Visual_arts">Visual arts</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Kent&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Visual arts" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> A number of significant artists came from Kent, including <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sidney_Cooper" title="Thomas Sidney Cooper">Thomas Sidney Cooper</a>, a painter of landscapes, often incorporating farm animals,<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Dadd" title="Richard Dadd">Richard Dadd</a>, a maker of faery paintings, and <a href="/wiki/Mary_Tourtel" title="Mary Tourtel">Mary Tourtel</a>, the creator of the children's book character, <a href="/wiki/Rupert_Bear" title="Rupert Bear">Rupert Bear</a>. The artist <a href="/wiki/Clive_Head" title="Clive Head">Clive Head</a> was also born in Kent. The landscape painter <a href="/wiki/J._M._W._Turner" title="J. M. W. Turner">J. M. W. Turner</a> spent part of his childhood in the town of <a href="/wiki/Margate" title="Margate">Margate</a> in East Kent, and regularly returned to visit it throughout his life. The East Kent coast inspired many of his works, including some of his most famous seascapes.<a href="#cite_note-turner-67">[67]</a> Kent has also been the home to artists including <a href="/wiki/Frank_Auerbach" title="Frank Auerbach">Frank Auerbach</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tracey_Emin" title="Tracey Emin">Tracey Emin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stass_Paraskos" title="Stass Paraskos">Stass Paraskos</a>. Kent was also the location of the largest number of art schools in the country during the nineteenth century, estimated by the art historian David Haste, to approach two hundred. This is believed to be the result of Kent being a front line county during the <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a>. At this time, before the invention of photography, draughtsmen were used to draw maps and topographical representations of the fields of battle, and after the wars ended many of these settled permanently in the county in which they had been based. Once the idea of art schools had been established, even in small towns in Kent, the tradition continued, although most of the schools were very small one-man operations, each teaching a small number of daughters of the upper classes how to draw and make watercolour paintings. Nonetheless, some of these small art schools developed into much larger organisations, including Canterbury College of Art, founded by Thomas Sidney Cooper in 1868, which is today the <a href="/wiki/University_for_the_Creative_Arts" title="University for the Creative Arts">University for the Creative Arts</a>.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> <a href="/wiki/Blean" title="Blean">Blean</a> near <a href="/wiki/Canterbury" title="Canterbury">Canterbury</a> was home to <a href="/wiki/Smallfilms" title="Smallfilms">Smallfilms</a>, the production company founded by <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Postgate" title="Oliver Postgate">Oliver Postgate</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peter_Firmin" title="Peter Firmin">Peter Firmin</a> and responsible for children's TV favourites <a href="/wiki/Noggin_the_Nog" title="Noggin the Nog">Noggin the Nog</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ivor_the_Engine" title="Ivor the Engine">Ivor the Engine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bagpuss" title="Bagpuss">Bagpuss</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Performing_arts">Performing arts</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Kent&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Performing arts" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> The county's largest theatre is the <a href="/wiki/Marlowe_Theatre" title="Marlowe Theatre">Marlowe Theatre</a> in the centre of Canterbury.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> <a href="/wiki/Music_festival" title="Music festival">Music festivals</a> that take place in Kent include <a href="/wiki/Chilled_in_a_Field_Festival" title="Chilled in a Field Festival">Chilled in a Field Festival</a>, <a href="/wiki/Electric_Gardens" title="Electric Gardens">Electric Gardens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hop_Farm_Festival" title="Hop Farm Festival">Hop Farm Festival</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=In_the_Woods_Festival&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="In the Woods Festival (page does not exist)">In the Woods Festival</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lounge_On_The_Farm" title="Lounge On The Farm">Lounge On The Farm</a> and the annual <a href="/w/index.php?title=Smugglers_Festival&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Smugglers Festival (page does not exist)">Smugglers Festival</a> near Deal. Other venues for live music include <a href="/wiki/Leas_Cliff_Hall" title="Leas Cliff Hall">Leas Cliff Hall</a> in Folkestone and the <a href="/wiki/Assembly_Hall_Theatre,_Tunbridge_Wells" title="Assembly Hall Theatre, Tunbridge Wells">Assembly Hall</a> in Tunbridge Wells. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kentish_independence">Kentish independence</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Kent&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Kentish independence" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Many Kentish people have long viewed themselves as Kentish first and British second, and to this day refer to themselves as either 'Men of Kent' or 'Kentish men' depending on whether they live to the East or West of the <a href="/wiki/River_Medway" title="River Medway">River Medway</a>.<a href="#cite_note-k228500-24">[24]</a> After the <a href="/wiki/2016_United_Kingdom_European_Union_membership_referendum" title="2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum">2016 Brexit referendum</a> and subsequent proposals for "border checks" on the Kentish border, effectively making Kent a country within a country,<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> this pride in being Kentish began to form into calls from some areas for an independent Kent or an autonomous republic within the UK, especially from the county's prominent newspapers, with the idea being discussed in detail in some areas<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> – with some ideas such as mock passports<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tongue-in-cheek" title="Tongue-in-cheek">tongue-in-cheek</a> manifestos being created.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> These calls for independence can be explained by the individualistic and rebellious mentality that has always existed in the county, which can be explained by the county's position in the very south-east of the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, having been a <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kent" title="Kingdom of Kent">prominent and independent kingdom</a> for centuries as well as being the source of many major rebellions that have occurred in the United Kingdom.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Kent&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Transport" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Kent" title="Transport in Kent">Transport in Kent</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Roads">Roads</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Kent&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Roads" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MedwayM2BridgeCloud0169.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/MedwayM2BridgeCloud0169.JPG/220px-MedwayM2BridgeCloud0169.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2016" data-file-height="1512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/MedwayM2BridgeCloud0169.JPG/220px-MedwayM2BridgeCloud0169.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/MedwayM2BridgeCloud0169.JPG/330px-MedwayM2BridgeCloud0169.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/MedwayM2BridgeCloud0169.JPG/440px-MedwayM2BridgeCloud0169.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption> The <a href="/wiki/M2_motorway_(Great_Britain)" title="M2 motorway (Great Britain)">M2</a> and <a href="/wiki/High_Speed_1" title="High Speed 1">High Speed 1</a> crossing the <a href="/wiki/Medway_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Medway Valley">Medway Valley</a>, south of <a href="/wiki/Rochester,_Kent" title="Rochester, Kent">Rochester</a></figcaption></figure> With the Roman invasion, a road network was constructed to connect London to the Channel ports of Dover, <a href="/wiki/Lympne" title="Lympne">Lympne</a> and Richborough. The London–Dover road was <a href="/wiki/Watling_Street" title="Watling Street">Watling Street</a>. These roads are now approximately the A2, B2068, A257, and the A28. The <a href="/wiki/A2_road_(Great_Britain)" class="mw-redirect" title="A2 road (Great Britain)">A2</a> runs through Dartford (A207), Gravesend, Rochester, Canterbury, and Dover; the A20 through <a href="/wiki/Eltham" title="Eltham">Eltham</a>, Wrotham, Maidstone, <a href="/wiki/Charing" title="Charing">Charing</a>, Ashford. <a href="/wiki/Hythe,_Kent" title="Hythe, Kent">Hythe</a>, Folkestone and Dover; the <a href="/wiki/A21_road_(England)" title="A21 road (England)">A21</a> around Sevenoaks, Tonbridge, Tunbridge Wells and on to Hastings in East Sussex.<a href="#cite_note-KHI-33">[33]</a> In the 1960s, two motorways were built; the <a href="/wiki/M2_motorway_(Great_Britain)" title="M2 motorway (Great Britain)">M2</a> from <a href="/wiki/Medway" title="Medway">Medway</a> to Faversham, and the <a href="/wiki/M20_motorway" title="M20 motorway">M20</a> from <a href="/wiki/Swanley" title="Swanley">Swanley</a> to Folkestone. Part of the <a href="/wiki/M25_motorway" title="M25 motorway">M25</a> runs through Kent, from Westerham to the <a href="/wiki/Dartford_Crossing" title="Dartford Crossing">Dartford Crossing</a>. The <a href="/wiki/M26_motorway" title="M26 motorway">M26 motorway</a>, built in 1980, provides a short link between the M25 at <a href="/wiki/Sevenoaks" title="Sevenoaks">Sevenoaks</a> and the M20 near <a href="/wiki/Wrotham" title="Wrotham">Wrotham</a>. Kent currently has more motorways by distance than any other county in the UK, with sections of the M2, M20, M25 and M26 totalling 173 km (107 mi) within the extents of the ceremonial county.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] In the run-up to <a href="/wiki/Brexit" title="Brexit">Britain leaving the European Union</a>, Government minister <a href="/wiki/Michael_Gove" title="Michael Gove">Michael Gove</a> confirmed that the Government intended to impose a de facto border between Kent and the rest of England for freight lorries,<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> in order to deal with expected lorry queues of 7,000 or more<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> at Folkestone, Dover and other ports. <a href="/wiki/Heavy_goods_vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Heavy goods vehicle">Heavy goods vehicle</a> operators need to apply for a 24-hour Kent Access Permit (KAP) to take a vehicle of 7.5 tonnes or more into Kent if their intention is to cross to the EU via Dover or the <a href="/wiki/Eurotunnel" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurotunnel">Eurotunnel</a>.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Water">Water</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Kent&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Water" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> The medieval <a href="/wiki/Cinque_Ports" title="Cinque Ports">Cinque Ports</a>, except for the <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Dover" title="Port of Dover">Port of Dover</a>, have all now silted up. The Medway Estuary has been an important port and naval base for 500 years. The River Medway is tidal up to <a href="/wiki/Allington,_Kent" title="Allington, Kent">Allington</a> and navigable up to Tonbridge. Kent's two canals are the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Military_Canal" title="Royal Military Canal">Royal Military Canal</a> between Hythe and Rye, which still exists, and the Thames and Medway Canal between Strood and Gravesend. Built-in 1824, it was purchased in 1846 by the railways, which partially backfilled it.<a href="#cite_note-KHI-33">[33]</a> Container ports are at <a href="/wiki/Ramsgate" title="Ramsgate">Ramsgate</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thamesport" class="mw-redirect" title="Thamesport">Thamesport</a>. Following the closures across the lower Medway, and the Swale to the <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Sheppey" title="Isle of Sheppey">Isle of Sheppey</a>, during the 20th century, the <a href="/wiki/Woolwich_Ferry" title="Woolwich Ferry">Woolwich Ferry</a> is the only domestic ferry that runs in the broadest definition of the county. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Railways">Railways</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Kent&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Railways" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:StroodCTRL2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/StroodCTRL2.JPG/220px-StroodCTRL2.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2016" data-file-height="1512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/StroodCTRL2.JPG/220px-StroodCTRL2.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/StroodCTRL2.JPG/330px-StroodCTRL2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/StroodCTRL2.JPG/440px-StroodCTRL2.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>A 300 km/h (186 mph) <a href="/wiki/Eurostar" title="Eurostar">Eurostar</a> train at km 48 (mile 30) on <a href="/wiki/High_Speed_1" title="High Speed 1">High Speed 1</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Strood" title="Strood">Strood</a></figcaption></figure> The earliest locomotive-driven passenger-carrying railway in Britain was the <a href="/wiki/Canterbury_%26_Whitstable_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Canterbury & Whitstable Railway">Canterbury & Whitstable Railway</a> which opened in 1830.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> This and the <a href="/wiki/London_%26_Greenwich_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="London & Greenwich Railway">London & Greenwich Railway</a> later merged into <a href="/wiki/South_Eastern_Railway_(England)" title="South Eastern Railway (England)">South Eastern Railway</a> (SER).<a href="#cite_note-potted-78">[78]</a> By the 1850s, SER's networks had expanded to Ashford, Ramsgate, Canterbury, Tunbridge Wells, and the Medway towns. SER's major London termini were <a href="/wiki/London_Bridge_railway_station" class="mw-redirect" title="London Bridge railway station">London Bridge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charing_Cross_railway_station" title="Charing Cross railway station">Charing Cross</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cannon_Street_railway_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Cannon Street railway station">Cannon Street</a>. Kent also had a second major railway, the <a href="/wiki/London,_Chatham_%26_Dover_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="London, Chatham & Dover Railway">London, Chatham & Dover Railway</a>. Originally the <a href="/wiki/East_Kent_Railway" title="East Kent Railway">East Kent Railway</a> in 1858, it linked the northeast Kent coast with London terminals at <a href="/wiki/London_Victoria_railway_station" class="mw-redirect" title="London Victoria railway station">Victoria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Blackfriars_railway_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Blackfriars railway station">Blackfriars</a>. The two companies merged in 1899, forming the <a href="/wiki/South_Eastern_%26_Chatham_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="South Eastern & Chatham Railway">South Eastern & Chatham Railway</a>, further amalgamated with other railways by the <a href="/wiki/Railways_Act_1921" title="Railways Act 1921">Railways Act 1921</a> to form the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Railway_(England)" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Railway (England)">Southern Railway</a>.<a href="#cite_note-potted-78">[78]</a> Britain's railways were nationalised in 1948, forming <a href="/wiki/British_Rail" title="British Rail">British Railways</a>. The railways were privatised in 1996 and most Kent passenger services were <a href="/wiki/Franchising" title="Franchising">franchised</a> to <a href="/wiki/Connex_South_Eastern" title="Connex South Eastern">Connex South Eastern</a>.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> Following financial difficulties, Connex lost the franchise and was replaced by <a href="/wiki/South_Eastern_Trains" title="South Eastern Trains">South Eastern Trains</a> and after <a href="/wiki/Southeastern_(train_operating_company)" title="Southeastern (train operating company)">Southeastern</a>.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Channel_Tunnel" title="Channel Tunnel">Channel Tunnel</a> was completed in 1994 and <a href="/wiki/High_Speed_1" title="High Speed 1">High Speed 1</a> in November 2007 with a London terminus at <a href="/wiki/St_Pancras_railway_station" title="St Pancras railway station">St Pancras</a>. A new station, <a href="/wiki/Ebbsfleet_International_railway_station" title="Ebbsfleet International railway station">Ebbsfleet International</a>, opened between <a href="/wiki/Dartford" title="Dartford">Dartford</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gravesend,_Kent" class="mw-redirect" title="Gravesend, Kent">Gravesend</a>, serving northern Kent.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> The high speed lines will be utilised to provide a faster train service to coastal towns like <a href="/wiki/Ramsgate" title="Ramsgate">Ramsgate</a> and <a href="/wiki/Folkestone" title="Folkestone">Folkestone</a>. This station is in addition to the existing station at <a href="/wiki/Ashford_International_railway_station" title="Ashford International railway station">Ashford International</a>, which has suffered a massive cut in service as a result. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:P9300406.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/P9300406.JPG/250px-P9300406.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/P9300406.JPG/250px-P9300406.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/P9300406.JPG/330px-P9300406.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/P9300406.JPG/500px-P9300406.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Romney,_Hythe_%26_Dymchurch_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Romney, Hythe & Dymchurch Railway">Romney, Hythe & Dymchurch Railway</a></figcaption></figure> In addition to the "main line" railways, there are several light, heritage, and industrial railways in Kent. There are three heritage, standard gauge railways; <a href="/wiki/Spa_Valley_Railway" title="Spa Valley Railway">Spa Valley Railway</a> near Tunbridge Wells on the old Tunbridge Wells West branch, <a href="/wiki/East_Kent_Railway_(heritage)" title="East Kent Railway (heritage)">East Kent Railway</a> on the old East Kent coalfield area and the <a href="/wiki/Kent_%26_East_Sussex_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Kent & East Sussex Railway">Kent & East Sussex Railway</a> on the Weald around Tenterden. In addition, there is the 15-inch (380 mm) gauge, <a href="/wiki/Romney,_Hythe_%26_Dymchurch_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Romney, Hythe & Dymchurch Railway">Romney, Hythe & Dymchurch Railway</a> on the southeast Kent coast along the Dungeness peninsula. Finally, there is the 2 ft 6 in (0.76 m), industrial <a href="/wiki/Sittingbourne_%26_Kemsley_Light_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Sittingbourne & Kemsley Light Railway">Sittingbourne & Kemsley Light Railway</a>, previously the Bowaters Paper Railway. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Air">Air</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Kent&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Air" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <a href="/wiki/Charter_flight" class="mw-redirect" title="Charter flight">Charter flights</a> are provided by <a href="/wiki/Lydd_Airport" title="Lydd Airport">Lydd Airport</a> at <a href="/wiki/Lydd" title="Lydd">Lydd</a>. In 2002, it was revealed that the government was considering building a new four-runway airport on the marshland near the village of <a href="/wiki/Cliffe,_Kent" title="Cliffe, Kent">Cliffe</a> on <a href="/wiki/Hoo_Peninsula" title="Hoo Peninsula">Hoo Peninsula</a>.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> This plan was dropped in 2003 following protests by cultural and environmental groups.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> However further plans for a <a href="/wiki/Thames_Estuary_Airport" title="Thames Estuary Airport">Thames Estuary Airport</a> on the Kent coast have subsequently emerged, including the <a href="/wiki/Thames_Hub_Airport" title="Thames Hub Airport">Thames Hub Airport</a>, again sited on the <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Grain" title="Isle of Grain">Isle of Grain</a> and designed by <a href="/wiki/Lord_Foster" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Foster">Lord Foster</a>,<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-teleairport-85">[85]</a> and the London Britannia Airport plan, colloquially known as "<a href="/wiki/Boris_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Boris Island">Boris Island</a>" due to its being championed by the former <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_London" title="Mayor of London">Mayor of London</a> <a href="/wiki/Boris_Johnson" title="Boris Johnson">Boris Johnson</a>, which would see a six runway airport built on an artificial island to be towards the <a href="/wiki/Shivering_Sands_Army_Fort" title="Shivering Sands Army Fort">Shivering Sands</a> area, north-east of <a href="/wiki/Whitstable" title="Whitstable">Whitstable</a>.<a href="#cite_note-teleairport-85">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> Both of these options were dropped in 2014 in favour of expansion at either Gatwick or Heathrow Airport, the latter finally being the chosen option following Theresa May's installation as Prime Minister in summer 2016. <a href="/wiki/Manston_Airport" title="Manston Airport">Manston Airport</a>, located near the village of <a href="/wiki/Manston,_Kent" title="Manston, Kent">Manston</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Thanet_District" title="Thanet District">Thanet district</a>, was a former <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">RAF</a> facility that also handled some civilian flights. It closed in 2014.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Kent&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Education" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_Kent" title="List of schools in Kent">List of schools in Kent</a></div> Kent has four universities: <a href="/wiki/Canterbury_Christ_Church_University" title="Canterbury Christ Church University">Canterbury Christ Church University</a> with campuses throughout <a href="/wiki/East_Kent" class="mw-redirect" title="East Kent">East Kent</a>; <a href="/wiki/University_of_Kent" title="University of Kent">University of Kent</a>, with campuses in Canterbury and Medway; <a href="/wiki/University_of_Greenwich" title="University of Greenwich">University of Greenwich</a> (a London University), with sites at <a href="/wiki/Woolwich" title="Woolwich">Woolwich</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eltham,_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Eltham, London">Eltham, London</a> and Medway; the <a href="/wiki/University_for_the_Creative_Arts" title="University for the Creative Arts">University for the Creative Arts</a> (UCA) also has three of its five campuses in the county. Although much of Britain adopted a <a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_education" class="mw-redirect" title="Comprehensive education">comprehensive education</a> system in the 1970s, Kent County Council (KCC) and Medway Unitary Authority are among around fifteen<a href="#cite_note-Garner-88">[88]</a> local authorities still providing <a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Education in the United Kingdom">wholly selective education</a> through the <a href="/wiki/Eleven-plus" title="Eleven-plus">eleven-plus</a> examination with students allocated a place at a <a href="/wiki/Secondary_modern_school" title="Secondary modern school">secondary modern school</a> or at a <a href="/wiki/Grammar_school" title="Grammar school">grammar school</a>. Together, the two Kent authorities have 38 of the 164 grammar schools remaining in Britain.<a href="#cite_note-Garner-88">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-grammar-89">[89]</a> Kent County Council has the largest education department of any local council in Britain,<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> providing school places for over 289,000 pupils. In 2005–06, Kent County Council and Medway introduced a standardised school year, based on six terms, as recommended by the <a href="/wiki/Local_Government_Association" title="Local Government Association">Local Government Association</a> in its 2000 report, "The Rhythms of Schooling".<a href="#cite_note-Kent_County_Council-91">[91]</a> Kent County Council Local Education Authority maintains 96 secondary schools, of which 33 are selective schools and 63 are <a href="/wiki/Secondary_modern" class="mw-redirect" title="Secondary modern">secondary modern</a> schools. <table class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="10">Schools in Kent (data from 2000)<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>LEA</th> <th>Nursery</th> <th>Primary</th> <th>Secondary (modern)</th> <th>Secondary (grammar)</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Special_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Special school">Special</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Pupil_referral_unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Pupil referral unit">Pupil Referral Units</a></th> <th>Independent</th> <th><a href="/wiki/City_Technology_College" title="City Technology College">City Technology College</a></th> <th>Total </th></tr> <tr> <td>KCC</td> <td>1</td> <td>475</td> <td>74</td> <td>32</td> <td>34</td> <td>11</td> <td>83</td> <td>1</td> <td>711 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Medway" title="Medway">Medway</a></td> <td>0</td> <td>89</td> <td>14</td> <td>6</td> <td>3</td> <td>1</td> <td>7</td> <td>0</td> <td>120 </td></tr></tbody></table> Music education is provided by Kent Music (formerly Kent Music School),<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> which has its origins in the 1940s. Kent Music provides services across the county including Kent County Youth Orchestra, Kent Youth Choirs, and an annual summer school at <a href="/wiki/Benenden_School" title="Benenden School">Benenden School</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="National_Challenge_schools">National Challenge schools</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Kent&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: National Challenge schools" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> In 2010, Kent had the highest number of National Challenge schools in England: schools which are branded 'failing' based on the British Government's floor targets that 30% of pupils achieve at least 5 GCSE grades A* to C.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> Of the 63 secondary modern schools, 33 missed this target; thus 52% of Kent secondary modern schools (34% out of all 96 maintained secondary schools) are 'failing'.<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"><h2 id="Sport">Sport</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Kent&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Sport" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Priestfield_Stadium_Medway_Stand.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Priestfield_Stadium_Medway_Stand.jpg/250px-Priestfield_Stadium_Medway_Stand.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="375"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Priestfield_Stadium_Medway_Stand.jpg/250px-Priestfield_Stadium_Medway_Stand.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Priestfield_Stadium_Medway_Stand.jpg/330px-Priestfield_Stadium_Medway_Stand.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Priestfield_Stadium_Medway_Stand.jpg/500px-Priestfield_Stadium_Medway_Stand.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Priestfield_Stadium" title="Priestfield Stadium">Priestfield Stadium</a> is the home of <a href="/wiki/Gillingham_FC" class="mw-redirect" title="Gillingham FC">Gillingham FC</a>, Kent's only <a href="/wiki/Football_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Football League">Football League</a> team</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a>. Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Kent" title="Special:EditPage/Kent">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Kent%22">"Kent"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Kent%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Kent%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Kent%22+-wikipedia">books</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Kent%22">scholar</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Kent%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a> (March 2025) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> In association football, Kent's highest ranked football team is <a href="/wiki/Gillingham_FC" class="mw-redirect" title="Gillingham FC">Gillingham FC</a> (nicknamed 'The Gills') who play in <a href="/wiki/EFL_League_Two" title="EFL League Two">Football League Two</a>, having been demoted at the end of the 2021–22 season.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> <a href="/wiki/Maidstone_United_F.C._(1897)" title="Maidstone United F.C. (1897)">Maidstone United</a> was a Football League side from 1989 until going bankrupt in 1992. Kent clubs in the higher levels of <a href="/wiki/Non-league_football" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-league football">non-league football</a> include <a href="/wiki/Ebbsfleet_United_F.C." title="Ebbsfleet United F.C.">Ebbsfleet United</a>, who were promoted in 2023. <a href="/wiki/Tonbridge_Angels_F.C." title="Tonbridge Angels F.C.">Tonbridge Angels</a> and the current incarnation of Maidstone United currently play in <a href="/wiki/National_League_South" title="National League South">National League South</a>, the sixth tier of the English football pyramid. Kent is represented in <a href="/wiki/Cricket" title="Cricket">cricket</a> by <a href="/wiki/Kent_County_Cricket_Club" title="Kent County Cricket Club">Kent County Cricket Club</a>. The club was a founder member of the <a href="/wiki/County_Championship" title="County Championship">County Championship</a> in 1890 and has won the competition, the major domestic <a href="/wiki/First-class_cricket" title="First-class cricket">first-class cricket</a> competition, seven times. The club is based at the <a href="/wiki/St_Lawrence_Ground" title="St Lawrence Ground">St Lawrence Ground</a> in Canterbury and also plays matches at the <a href="/wiki/Nevill_Ground" title="Nevill Ground">Nevill Ground</a> in Royal Tunbridge Wells and the <a href="/wiki/County_Cricket_Ground,_Beckenham" title="County Cricket Ground, Beckenham">County Cricket Ground, Beckenham</a>.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Kent_Women_cricket_team" title="Kent Women cricket team">Kent Women cricket team</a> has won the <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_County_Championship" title="Women's County Championship">Women's County Championship</a> seven times since it was established in 1997. Cricket has traditionally been a popular sport in the county and Kent is considered one of the locations in which the game first developed. Teams have represented the county since the early 18th century. The <a href="/wiki/Kent_Cricket_League" title="Kent Cricket League">Kent Cricket League</a> is the top level of club competition within Kent and features teams from throughout the county, including areas such as <a href="/wiki/Beckenham" title="Beckenham">Beckenham</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bexley" title="Bexley">Bexley</a> which were formerly part of the county. <a href="/wiki/Canterbury_Hockey_Club" title="Canterbury Hockey Club">Canterbury Hockey Club</a> and <a href="/wiki/Holcombe_Hockey_Club" title="Holcombe Hockey Club">Holcombe Hockey Club</a> both play in the top division in both the <a href="/wiki/Men%27s_England_Hockey_League" title="Men's England Hockey League">men's</a> and <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_England_Hockey_League" title="Women's England Hockey League">women's</a> England Hockey Leagues. Sevenoaks Hockey Club's women first XI plays in the second tier of national competition. The <a href="/wiki/Invicta_Dynamos" title="Invicta Dynamos">Invicta Dynamos</a>, based in Gillingham, are a semi-professional <a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey">ice hockey</a> team that plays in the <a href="/wiki/National_Ice_Hockey_League" title="National Ice Hockey League">National Ice Hockey League</a>. They replaced the Medway Bears as the senior team in 1997. They share the home ice rink at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet_Ice_Gillingham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planet Ice Gillingham (page does not exist)">Planet Ice Gillingham</a> with the secondary senior team, <a href="/wiki/Invicta_Mustangs" title="Invicta Mustangs">Invicta Mustangs</a> and the ladies ice hockey team, the <a href="/wiki/Invicta_Dynamics" title="Invicta Dynamics">Invicta Dynamics</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Rugby_union" title="Rugby union">rugby union</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tonbridge_Juddians_Rugby_Football_Club" class="mw-redirect" title="Tonbridge Juddians Rugby Football Club">Tonbridge Juddians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Canterbury_RFC" title="Canterbury RFC">Canterbury RFC</a> play in the fourth-tier of English rugby in the <a href="/wiki/National_League_2_South" title="National League 2 South">National League 2 South</a>. <a href="/wiki/Gravesend_RFC" class="mw-redirect" title="Gravesend RFC">Gravesend RFC</a> play in the seventh-tier <a href="/wiki/London_2_South_East" title="London 2 South East">London 2 South-East.</a> <a href="/wiki/Blackheath_FC" class="mw-redirect" title="Blackheath FC">Blackheath FC</a>, a club within the historic boundaries of the county, play in fourth-tier <a href="/wiki/National_League_2_South" title="National League 2 South">National League 2 South</a>. Both Tonbridge Juddians and Blackheath RFC played in <a href="/wiki/National_League_1" title="National League 1">National league 1</a> (the third-tier of English rugby) up until the end of the 2021–2022 season. In <a href="/wiki/Motorsport" title="Motorsport">motorsport</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Brands_Hatch" title="Brands Hatch">Brands Hatch</a> circuit near <a href="/wiki/Swanley" title="Swanley">Swanley</a> has played host to a number of national and international racing events and hosted 12 runnings of the <a href="/wiki/British_Grand_Prix" title="British Grand Prix">British Grand Prix</a> in various years between 1964 and 1986. There have been multiple <a href="/wiki/American_football" title="American football">American football</a> teams based in Kent since the game was popularised in the UK. Currently, the <a href="/wiki/Canterbury" title="Canterbury">Canterbury</a> is the home of the <a href="/wiki/East_Kent_Mavericks" title="East Kent Mavericks">East Kent Mavericks</a>, the 2023 <a href="/wiki/BAFA_National_Leagues" title="BAFA National Leagues">BAFA National Leagues</a> Southern Football Conference 2 Champions, as well as teams from both universities. Kent is home to two National League netball clubs, both based in northwest Kent: Telstars (Premier Division 2) and KCNC (Premier Division 3). In <a href="/wiki/Basketball" title="Basketball">basketball</a>, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kent_Panthers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kent Panthers (page does not exist)">Kent Panthers</a> participate in Division 3 of the <a href="/wiki/National_Basketball_League_(England)" title="National Basketball League (England)">National Basketball League</a>. The 2021–2022 season has seen three Kentish clubs demoted from the third-tier of their respective sports to the fourth-tier, with rugby clubs <a href="/wiki/Tonbridge_Juddians_Rugby_Football_Club" class="mw-redirect" title="Tonbridge Juddians Rugby Football Club">Tonbridge Juddians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Blackheath_F.C." title="Blackheath F.C.">Blackheath RFC</a> being demoted in rugby and <a href="/wiki/Gillingham_F.C." title="Gillingham F.C.">Gillingham FC</a> being demoted in football.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(11)"><h2 id="News_and_media">News and media</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Kent&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: News and media" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-11 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-11"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Television">Television</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Kent&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Television" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a>. Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Kent" title="Special:EditPage/Kent">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>. (February 2016) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> Kent is served by the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>'s <a href="/wiki/BBC_South_East" title="BBC South East">South East</a> region, which is based in <a href="/wiki/Tunbridge_Wells" class="mw-redirect" title="Tunbridge Wells">Tunbridge Wells</a> and provides local news for the county and <a href="/wiki/East_Sussex" title="East Sussex">East Sussex</a>. Its commercial rival is <a href="/wiki/Meridian_Broadcasting" class="mw-redirect" title="Meridian Broadcasting">ITV Meridian Ltd</a>, which has a newsroom at <a href="/wiki/The_Maidstone_Studios" title="The Maidstone Studios">The Maidstone Studios</a> despite the main studio being based in <a href="/wiki/Hampshire" title="Hampshire">Hampshire</a>. Main transmitters providing these services are at West Hougham, near <a href="/wiki/Dover" title="Dover">Dover</a> and <a href="/wiki/Blue_Bell_Hill" title="Blue Bell Hill">Blue Bell Hill</a>, between <a href="/wiki/Chatham,_Kent" title="Chatham, Kent">Chatham</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maidstone" title="Maidstone">Maidstone</a>. A powerful relay transmitter at <a href="/wiki/Tunbridge_Wells" class="mw-redirect" title="Tunbridge Wells">Tunbridge Wells</a> serves the town and surrounding area. Those parts of Kent closest to London such as <a href="/wiki/Swanley" title="Swanley">Swanley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Westerham" title="Westerham">Westerham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dartford" title="Dartford">Dartford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gravesend" title="Gravesend">Gravesend</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sevenoaks" title="Sevenoaks">Sevenoaks</a> lie within the <a href="/wiki/ITV_London" title="ITV London">ITV London</a> and <a href="/wiki/BBC_London" title="BBC London">BBC London</a> areas, taking their television signals from the <a href="/wiki/Crystal_Palace_transmitting_station" title="Crystal Palace transmitting station">Crystal Palace</a> transmitter. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Radio">Radio</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Kent&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Radio" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Kent has two county-wide stations – <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_Kent" title="BBC Radio Kent">BBC Radio Kent</a>, based in Tunbridge Wells; and the commercial station <a href="/wiki/KMFM_(radio_network)" title="KMFM (radio network)">KMFM</a>, owned by the <a href="/wiki/KM_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="KM Group">KM Group</a>. KMFM previously consisted of seven local stations which covered different areas of the county (and are still technically seven different licences) but have shared all programming since 2012<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> The county's first commercial station was originally known as Invicta FM and began broadcasting in 1984. After various buyouts, the station was rebranded into <a href="/wiki/Heart_Kent" title="Heart Kent">Heart Kent</a> in 2009 as part of the Heart Network. The station was closed and merged with several other Heart stations in the south of England in 2019 to form <a href="/wiki/Heart_South" title="Heart South">Heart South</a>, with the Kent studios in Whitstable closing and production moving to <a href="/wiki/Fareham" title="Fareham">Fareham</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hampshire" title="Hampshire">Hampshire</a>. There are several community radio stations in Kent including: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academy_FM_(Folkestone)" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy FM (Folkestone)">Academy FM (Folkestone)</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academy_FM_(Thanet)" title="Academy FM (Thanet)">Academy FM (Thanet)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AHBS_Community_Radio" title="AHBS Community Radio">Ashford FM</a> (Ashford) on 107.1 FM.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BRFM_95.6_FM" title="BRFM 95.6 FM">BRFM 95.6 FM</a> (Sheppey)</li> <li>Cabin FM broadcasting to Herne Bay on 94.6FM.</li> <li>Cinque Ports Radio 100.2FM for Romney Marsh, Rye and Hythe.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CSR_97.4FM" title="CSR 97.4FM">CSR 97.4FM</a> (Canterbury) now only available via online listening.</li> <li>Deal Radio (Deal): online only.</li> <li>Dover Community Radio (DCR) Dover: currently online only; due to start broadcasting to Dover District on 104.9FM from May 2022.</li> <li>Radio Faversham (Faversham): online only.</li> <li>Maidstone Community Radio (MCR): online only.</li> <li>Miskin Radio (Dartford and Gravesend): online only.</li> <li>SFM 106.9FM (Sittingboune)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheppey_FM_92.2" title="Sheppey FM 92.2">Sheppey FM 92.2</a> (Sheppey)</li> <li>Shoreline Easy (Romney Marsh), online only.</li> <li>West Kent Radio (WKCR) serving Tonbridge, Tunbridge Wells and Sevenoaks. 95.5 and 106.7FM.</li> <li>Whitstable Bay Radio (Whitstable): online only.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Newspapers">Newspapers</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Kent&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Newspapers" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> The <a href="/wiki/KM_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="KM Group">KM Group</a>, <a href="/wiki/KOS_Media" title="KOS Media">KOS Media</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kent_Regional_News_and_Media&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kent Regional News and Media (page does not exist)">Kent Regional News and Media</a> all provide local newspapers for most of the large towns and cities. County-wide papers include the <a href="/wiki/Kent_Messenger" title="Kent Messenger">Kent Messenger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kent_on_Saturday" title="Kent on Saturday">Kent on Saturday</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kent_on_Sunday" title="Kent on Sunday">Kent on Sunday</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Kent_and_Sussex_Courier" title="Kent and Sussex Courier">Kent and Sussex Courier</a>. </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(12)"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Kent&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-12 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-12"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 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data-width="32" data-height="24" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Kent.svg/48px-Flag_of_Kent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Kent.svg/64px-Flag_of_Kent.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Kent" title="Portal:Kent">Kent portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Custos_Rotulorum_of_Kent" title="Custos Rotulorum of Kent">Custos Rotulorum of Kent</a> – list of Keepers of the Rolls</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Kent" title="Duke of Kent">Duke of Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kent_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Kent (UK Parliament constituency)">Kent (UK Parliament constituency)</a> – historical list of MPs for Kent constituency</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kent_Community_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="Kent Community Network">Kent Community Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kent_Police_and_Crime_Commissioner" title="Kent Police and Crime Commissioner">Kent Police and Crime Commissioner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_churches_in_Kent" title="List of churches in Kent">List of churches in Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_civil_parishes_in_Kent" title="List of civil parishes in Kent">List of civil parishes in Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fire_stations_in_Kent" class="mw-redirect" title="List of fire stations in Kent">List of fire stations in Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hills_of_Kent" title="List of hills of Kent">List of hills of Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Lieutenant_of_Kent" title="Lord Lieutenant of Kent">List of Lord Lieutenants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Kent" title="List of people from Kent">List of people from Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_Kent" title="List of places in Kent">List of places in Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Kent" title="List of tourist attractions in Kent">List of tourist attractions in Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recreational_walks_in_Kent" title="Recreational walks in Kent">Recreational walks in Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thames_Gateway" title="Thames Gateway">Thames Gateway</a> – includes details of regeneration projects in the northern areas of Kent</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Towns_in_Kent" title="Category:Towns in Kent">Category:Towns in Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Villages_in_Kent" title="Category:Villages in Kent">Category:Villages in Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fergus_and_Judith_Wilson" title="Fergus and Judith Wilson">Fergus and Judith Wilson</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(13)"><h2 id="References">References</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Kent&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-13 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-13"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGazette62943" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/62943/page/5161">"No. 62943"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_London_Gazette" title="The London Gazette">The London Gazette</a>. 13 March 2020. p. 5161.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+London+Gazette&rft.atitle=No.+62943&rft.pages=5161&rft.date=2020-03-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2FLondon%2Fissue%2F62943%2Fpage%2F5161&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKent" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/file?uri=/aboutus/transparencyandgovernance/freedomofinformationfoi/mid2022populationestimatesbylieutenancyareas/1997lieutenancyarea2022estimatesfinal3.xlsx">"Mid-2022 population estimates by Lieutenancy areas (as at 1997) for England and Wales"</a>. Office for National Statistics. 24 June 2024. Retrieved 26 June 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Office+for+National+Statistics&rft.atitle=Mid-2022+population+estimates+by+Lieutenancy+areas+%28as+at+1997%29+for+England+and+Wales&rft.date=2024-06-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ons.gov.uk%2Ffile%3Furi%3D%2Faboutus%2Ftransparencyandgovernance%2Ffreedomofinformationfoi%2Fmid2022populationestimatesbylieutenancyareas%2F1997lieutenancyarea2022estimatesfinal3.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKent" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kent.gov.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0009/8559/Cultural-diversity-in-Kent.pdf.pdf">"2011 Census: Cultural diversity in Kent"</a> (PDF). Kent City Council. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211105073145/https://www.kent.gov.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0009/8559/Cultural-diversity-in-Kent.pdf.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 5 November 2021. Retrieved 18 October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2011+Census%3A+Cultural+diversity+in+Kent&rft.pub=Kent+City+Council&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kent.gov.uk%2F__data%2Fassets%2Fpdf_file%2F0009%2F8559%2FCultural-diversity-in-Kent.pdf.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKent" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/file?uri=/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/datasets/populationestimatesforukenglandandwalesscotlandandnorthernireland/mid2022/mye22final.xlsx">"Mid-Year Population Estimates, UK, June 2022"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Office_for_National_Statistics" title="Office for National Statistics">Office for National Statistics</a>. 26 March 2024. Retrieved 3 May 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Office+for+National+Statistics&rft.atitle=Mid-Year+Population+Estimates%2C+UK%2C+June+2022&rft.date=2024-03-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ons.gov.uk%2Ffile%3Furi%3D%2Fpeoplepopulationandcommunity%2Fpopulationandmigration%2Fpopulationestimates%2Fdatasets%2Fpopulationestimatesforukenglandandwalesscotlandandnorthernireland%2Fmid2022%2Fmye22final.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKent" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nationalcharacterareas.co.uk/North-Downs/">"North Downs"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Natural_England" title="Natural England">Natural England</a>. Retrieved 7 January 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Natural+England&rft.atitle=North+Downs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnationalcharacterareas.co.uk%2FNorth-Downs%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKent" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nationalcharacterareas.co.uk/Wealden-Greensand/">"Wealden Greensand"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Natural_England" title="Natural England">Natural England</a>. Retrieved 7 January 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Natural+England&rft.atitle=Wealden+Greensand&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnationalcharacterareas.co.uk%2FWealden-Greensand%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKent" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nationalcharacterareas.co.uk/Low-Weald-/">"Low Weald"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Natural_England" title="Natural England">Natural England</a>. Retrieved 7 January 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Natural+England&rft.atitle=Low+Weald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnationalcharacterareas.co.uk%2FLow-Weald-%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKent" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nationalcharacterareas.co.uk/High-Weald/">"High Weald"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Natural_England" title="Natural England">Natural England</a>. Retrieved 7 January 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Natural+England&rft.atitle=High+Weald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnationalcharacterareas.co.uk%2FHigh-Weald%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKent" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nationalcharacterareas.co.uk/Romney-Marshes/">"Romney Marshes"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Natural_England" title="Natural England">Natural England</a>. Retrieved 7 January 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Natural+England&rft.atitle=Romney+Marshes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnationalcharacterareas.co.uk%2FRomney-Marshes%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKent" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWainwright2006" class="citation news cs1">Wainwright, Martin (1 June 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2006/jun/01/ruralaffairs.travelnews">"Kent loses its Garden of England title to North Yorkshire"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220113130016/https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2006/jun/01/ruralaffairs.travelnews#article_continue">Archived</a> from the original on 13 January 2022. Retrieved 28 May 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Kent+loses+its+Garden+of+England+title+to+North+Yorkshire&rft.date=2006-06-01&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft.aulast=Wainwright&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk%2F2006%2Fjun%2F01%2Fruralaffairs.travelnews&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKent" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Kent-county-England">"Kent | county, England, United Kingdom"</a>. Encyclopedia Britannica. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180422234912/https://www.britannica.com/place/Kent-county-England">Archived</a> from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 1 January 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Kent+%7C+county%2C+England%2C+United+Kingdom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FKent-county-England&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKent" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> G. O. Sayles, The Medieval Foundations of England (London 1967). p. 186. </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/visit/inspire-me/blog/blog-posts/the-great-siege-of-dover-castle-1216/">"How Dover Castle became the Key of England – the Great Siege of 1216"</a>. <a href="/wiki/English_Heritage" title="English Heritage">English Heritage</a>. 20 July 2016. Retrieved 7 January 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=English+Heritage&rft.atitle=How+Dover+Castle+became+the+Key+of+England+%E2%80%93+the+Great+Siege+of+1216&rft.date=2016-07-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.english-heritage.org.uk%2Fvisit%2Finspire-me%2Fblog%2Fblog-posts%2Fthe-great-siege-of-dover-castle-1216%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKent" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatthews1972" class="citation book cs1">Matthews, C. M. (1972). Place-names of the English-speaking world. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. p. 3, 90. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780297995067" title="Special:BookSources/9780297995067"><bdi>9780297995067</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Place-names+of+the+English-speaking+world&rft.place=London&rft.pages=3%2C+90&rft.pub=Weidenfeld+%26+Nicolson&rft.date=1972&rft.isbn=9780297995067&rft.aulast=Matthews&rft.aufirst=C.+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKent" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=Kent">"Kent"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Etymonline" title="Etymonline">Etymonline</a>. 12 November 1949. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170916095416/http://etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=Kent">Archived</a> from the original on 16 September 2017. Retrieved 16 September 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kent&rft.pub=Etymonline&rft.date=1949-11-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fetymonline.com%2Findex.php%3Fallowed_in_frame%3D0%26search%3DKent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKent" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-16">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_16-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_16-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_16-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHowe2012" class="citation book cs1">Howe, Ian (2012). Kent Dialect. Bradwell Books. p. 26. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781902674346" title="Special:BookSources/9781902674346"><bdi>9781902674346</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kent+Dialect&rft.pages=26&rft.pub=Bradwell+Books&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9781902674346&rft.aulast=Howe&rft.aufirst=Ian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKent" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-prehistoric-17"><a href="#cite_ref-prehistoric_17-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAshbee2005" class="citation book cs1">Ashbee, Paul (2005). Kent in prehistoric times. Tempus. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780752431369" title="Special:BookSources/9780752431369"><bdi>9780752431369</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kent+in+prehistoric+times&rft.pub=Tempus&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9780752431369&rft.aulast=Ashbee&rft.aufirst=Paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKent" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-name-18"><a href="#cite_ref-name_18-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlover1976" class="citation book cs1">Glover, Judith (1976). Place names of Kent. B. T. 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BBC. 12 September 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070827132939/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/kent/5337586.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 27 August 2007. Retrieved 22 April 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=New+station+means+Eurostar+change&rft.date=2006-09-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fengland%2Fkent%2F5337586.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKent" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavis2006" class="citation news cs1">Davis, Matthew (12 September 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/2093415.stm">"Airport plan threatens Dickens' legacy"</a>. 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BBC News. 17 January 2003. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070214143114/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/education/2666605.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 14 February 2007. Retrieved 13 May 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Kent%27s+selective+schools+compared&rft.date=2003-01-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Feducation%2F2666605.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKent" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kent_County_Council-91"><a href="#cite_ref-Kent_County_Council_91-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kent.gov.uk/">"Kent County Council"</a>. Kent County Council. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110225004744/http://kent.gov.uk/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 February 2011. Retrieved 3 April 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kent+County+Council&rft.pub=Kent+County+Council&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kent.gov.uk%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKent" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dfes.gov.uk/">"Department for Education and Skills"</a>. Department for Education and Skills. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20070402085841/http://www.dfes.gov.uk/">Archived</a> from the original on 2 April 2007. 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Retrieved on 17 July 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClarkson2012" class="citation web cs1">Clarkson, Stuart (16 February 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://radiotoday.co.uk/2012/02/kmfm-group-can-have-one-breakfast-show/">"KMFM group can have one breakfast show"</a>. Radio Today Industry News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160217091356/http://radiotoday.co.uk/2012/02/kmfm-group-can-have-one-breakfast-show/">Archived</a> from the original on 17 February 2016. Retrieved 5 September 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Radio+Today+Industry+News&rft.atitle=KMFM+group+can+have+one+breakfast+show&rft.date=2012-02-16&rft.aulast=Clarkson&rft.aufirst=Stuart&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fradiotoday.co.uk%2F2012%2F02%2Fkmfm-group-can-have-one-breakfast-show%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKent" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(14)"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Kent&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-14 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-14"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 30px;height: 40px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="30" data-height="40" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kent" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Kent">Kent</a>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 40px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="40" data-height="40" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/120px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Kent#Q23298" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Kent">Kent</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kent.gov.uk/">Kent County Council</a> – local government website</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/kent/places/names/index.shtml#a">BBC – origins of Kent placenames</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121002095724/http://viewfinder.english-heritage.org.uk/search/results.aspx?index=0">Images of Kent</a> at the <a href="/wiki/English_Heritage_Archive" class="mw-redirect" title="English Heritage Archive">English Heritage Archive</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div>    </section></div> <noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=mobile&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kent&oldid=1281387750">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kent&oldid=1281387750</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Kent&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> Last edited on 20 March 2025, at 01:33 </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cent" title="Cent – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Cent" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%86%D8%AA" title="كنت – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كنت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Кент – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Кент" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Кент – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Кент" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Кент – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кент" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontelezh_Kent" title="Kontelezh Kent – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kontelezh Kent" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Кент – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Кент" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent_(kondado)" title="Kent (kondado) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Kent (kondado)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caint" title="Caint – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Caint" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B5%CE%BD%CF%84" title="Κεντ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κεντ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%AA_(%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86)" title="کنت (انگلستان) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کنت (انگلستان)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent,_Inglaterra" title="Kent, Inglaterra – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Kent, Inglaterra" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B2%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8D%85%F0%90%8C%B9_%F0%90%8C%BA%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8D%83" title="𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌹 𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍄𐌹𐍃 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌹 𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍄𐌹𐍃" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target">𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BC%84%ED%8A%B8%EC%A3%BC" title="켄트주 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="켄트주" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A9_(%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%BD%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6)" title="Քենթ (կոմսություն) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Քենթ (կոմսություն)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F" title="केंट – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="केंट" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent_(grofovija)" title="Kent (grofovija) – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kent (grofovija)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Кент – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Кент" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A0%D7%98" title="קנט – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קנט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D" title="კენტის საგრაფო – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კენტის საგრაფო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kint" title="Kint – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Kint" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantium" title="Cantium – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Cantium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenta" title="Kenta – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kenta" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kentas" title="Kentas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kentas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target">Māori</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F" title="केंट – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="केंट" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%AA" title="كينت – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كينت" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent_(graafschap)" title="Kent (graafschap) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kent (graafschap)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B1%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88_(%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89)" title="ケント (イングランド) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ケント (イングランド)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caint" title="Caint – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Caint" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nouormand</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%B9%D8%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88" title="کینٹ، انگلینڈ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کینٹ، انگلینڈ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Кент – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кент" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent_(gr%C3%B3fstvo)" title="Kent (grófstvo) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kent (grófstvo)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8E%D9%86%D8%AA" title="کێنت – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کێنت" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Кент – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кент" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent_(kreivikunta)" title="Kent (kreivikunta) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kent (kreivikunta)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent_(grevskap)" title="Kent (grevskap) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kent (grevskap)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C" title="เคนต์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เคนต์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Кент – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Кент" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent,_%C4%B0ngiltere" title="Kent, İngiltere – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kent, İngiltere" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Кент – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кент" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%B9" title="کینٹ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کینٹ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A9nt" title="Ként – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="Ként" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent" title="Kent – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kent" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%82%AF%E7%89%B9%E9%83%A1" title="肯特郡 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="肯特郡" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%98" title="קענט – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קענט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%B9%E5%BE%B7%E9%83%A1" title="根德郡 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="根德郡" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%82%AF%E7%89%B9%E9%83%A1" title="肯特郡 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="肯特郡" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> <ul id="footer-icons" 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