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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/MPEG_Multichannel" title="MPEG Multichannel">MPEG Multichannel</a> or <a href="/wiki/MP3_Surround" title="MP3 Surround">MP3 Surround</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/MPEG_Surround" title="Special:EditPage/MPEG Surround">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22MPEG+Surround%22">"MPEG Surround"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22MPEG+Surround%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22MPEG+Surround%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22MPEG+Surround%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22MPEG+Surround%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22MPEG+Surround%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2009</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>MPEG Surround</b> (<a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Standardization" title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</a>/<a href="/wiki/International_Electrotechnical_Commission" title="International Electrotechnical Commission">IEC</a> 23003-1<sup id="cite_ref-iso23003_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iso23003-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <a href="/wiki/MPEG-D" title="MPEG-D">MPEG-D</a> Part 1<sup id="cite_ref-mpeg-standards_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mpeg-standards-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mpeg-terms-of-reference_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mpeg-terms-of-reference-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), also known as Spatial Audio Coding (SAC)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mpeg-surround-tutorial_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mpeg-surround-tutorial-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-aes-sac-mpeg-surround-overview_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aes-sac-mpeg-surround-overview-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a <a href="/wiki/Lossy_data_compression" class="mw-redirect" title="Lossy data compression">lossy</a> <a href="/wiki/Audio_data_compression" class="mw-redirect" title="Audio data compression">compression</a> <a href="/wiki/Audio_format" class="mw-redirect" title="Audio format">format</a> for <a href="/wiki/Surround_sound" title="Surround sound">surround sound</a> that provides a method for extending mono or stereo audio services to multi-channel audio in a backwards compatible fashion. The total <a href="/wiki/Bit_rate" title="Bit rate">bit rates</a> used for the (mono or stereo) core and the MPEG Surround data are typically only slightly higher than the <a href="/wiki/Bit_rate" title="Bit rate">bit rates</a> used for coding of the (mono or stereo) core. MPEG Surround adds a side-information stream to the (mono or stereo) core <a href="/wiki/Bit_stream" class="mw-redirect" title="Bit stream">bit stream</a>, containing spatial image data. Legacy stereo playback systems will ignore this side-information while players supporting MPEG Surround decoding will output the reconstructed multi-channel audio. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Moving_Picture_Experts_Group" title="Moving Picture Experts Group">Moving Picture Experts Group</a> (MPEG) issued a <i>call for proposals</i> on MPEG Spatial Audio Coding in March 2004. The group decided that the technology that would be the starting point in standardization process, would be a combination of the submissions from two proponents - Fraunhofer IIS / Agere Systems and Coding Technologies / Philips.<sup id="cite_ref-mpeg-surround-tutorial_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mpeg-surround-tutorial-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The MPEG Surround standard was developed by the Moving Picture Experts Group (<a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_JTC_1" title="ISO/IEC JTC 1">ISO/IEC JTC 1</a>/SC29/WG11) and published as ISO/IEC 23003 in 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-iso23003_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iso23003-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was the first standard of MPEG-D standards group, formally known as <i>ISO/IEC 23003 - MPEG audio technologies</i>. </p><p>MPEG Surround was also defined as one of the <a href="/wiki/MPEG-4_Part_3#MPEG-4_Audio_Object_Types" title="MPEG-4 Part 3">MPEG-4 Audio Object Types</a> in 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is also the MPEG-4 No Delay MPEG Surround object type (LD MPEG Surround), which was published in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-saoc-ld-mpeg-surround-doc_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-saoc-ld-mpeg-surround-doc-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Spatial Audio Object Coding (SAOC) was published as MPEG-D Part 2 - ISO/IEC 23003–2 in 2010 and it extends MPEG Surround standard by re-using its spatial rendering capabilities while retaining full compatibility with existing receivers. MPEG SAOC system allows users on the decoding side to interactively control the rendering of each individual audio object (e.g. individual instruments, vocals, human voices).<sup id="cite_ref-mpeg-standards_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mpeg-standards-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mpeg-terms-of-reference_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mpeg-terms-of-reference-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is also the <a href="/wiki/Unified_Speech_and_Audio_Coding" title="Unified Speech and Audio Coding">Unified Speech and Audio Coding</a> (USAC) which will be defined in MPEG-D Part 3 - ISO/IEC 23003-3 and ISO/IEC 14496-3:2009/Amd 3.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> MPEG-D MPEG Surround parametric coding tools are integrated into the USAC codec.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The (mono or stereo) core could be coded with any (<a href="/wiki/Lossy_data_compression" class="mw-redirect" title="Lossy data compression">lossy</a> or <a href="/wiki/Lossless_data_compression" class="mw-redirect" title="Lossless data compression">lossless</a>) <a href="/wiki/List_of_codecs" title="List of codecs">audio codec</a>. Particularly low bitrates (64-96 kbit/s for 5.1 channels) are possible when using <a href="/wiki/HE-AAC_v2" class="mw-redirect" title="HE-AAC v2">HE-AAC v2</a> as the core codec. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Perception_of_sounds_in_space">Perception of sounds in space</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MPEG_Surround&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Perception of sounds in space"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>MPEG Surround coding uses our capacity to perceive sound in the 3D and captures that perception in a compact set of parameters. Spatial perception is primarily attributed to three parameters, or cues, describing how humans localize sound in the horizontal plane: <a href="/wiki/Interaural_level_difference" class="mw-redirect" title="Interaural level difference">Interaural level difference</a> (ILD), <a href="/wiki/Interaural_time_difference" title="Interaural time difference">Interaural time difference</a> (ITD) and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Interaural_coherence&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Interaural coherence (page does not exist)">Interaural coherence</a> (IC). This three concepts are illustrated in next image. Direct, or first-arrival, waveforms from the source hit the left ear at time, while direct sound received by the right ear is diffracted around the head, with time delay and level attenuation, associated. These two effects result in ITD and ILD are associated with the main source. At last, in a reverberant environment, reflected sound from the source, or sound from diffuse source, or uncorrelated sound can hit both ears, all of them are related with IC. <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ILD,ITD%26IC.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Figure1. Illustration of ILD, ITD & IC"><img alt="Figure1. Illustration of ILD, ITD & IC" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ae/ILD%2CITD%26IC.jpg" decoding="async" width="570" height="427" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="570" data-file-height="427" /></a></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MPEG_Surround&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>MPEG Surround uses interchannel differences in level, phase and coherence equivalent to the ILD, ITD and IC parameters. The spatial image is captured by a multichannel audio signal relative to a transmitted downmix signal. These parameters are encoded in a very compact form so as to decode the parameters and the transmitted signal and to synthesize a high quality multichannel representation. </p><p><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MPEG_Surround_coding.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Principles of MPEG Surround Coding"><img alt="Principles of MPEG Surround Coding" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/MPEG_Surround_coding.jpg" decoding="async" width="821" height="518" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="821" data-file-height="518" /></a></span> </p><p>MPEG Surround encoder receives a multichannel audio signal x1 to xN where the number of input channels is <i>N</i>. The most important aspect of the encoding process is that a downmix signal, xt1 and xt2, which is typically stereo, is derived from the multichannel input signal, and it is this downmix signal that is compressed for transmission over the channel rather than the multichannel signal. The encoder may be able to exploit the downmix process so as to be more advantageous. It not only creates a faithful equivalent of the multichannel signal in the mono or stereo downmix, but also creates the best possible multichannel decoding based on the downmix and encoded spatial cues as well. Alternatively, the downmix could be supplied externally (Artistic Downmix in before Diagram Block). The MPEG Surround encoding process could be ignored by the compression algorithm used for the transmitted channels (Audio Encoder and Audio Decoder in before Diagram Block). It could be any type of high-performance compression algorithms such as MPEG-1 Layer III, MPEG-4 AAC or MPEG-4 High Efficiency AAC, or it could even be PCM. </p><p>The spatial signals are generated and recovered in two types of filter modules. The reverse-OTT (one-to-two) generates one downmixed stream, one level difference, one coherence value, and an optional residue signal from one pair of signals. The reverse-TTT (two-to-three) element generates two downmixed streams, two level differences, one coherence value, and an optional residue signal. In both the forward (decoding) and reverse (encoding) directions, arranging these filters into a tree setup allows for arbitrary downmixing and recovery.<sup id="cite_ref-Herre_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Herre-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy_compatibility">Legacy compatibility</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MPEG_Surround&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Legacy compatibility"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The MPEG Surround technique allows for compatibility with existing and future stereo MPEG decoders by having the transmitted downmix (e.g. stereo) appear to stereo MPEG decoders to be an ordinary stereo version of the multichannel signal. Compatibility with stereo decoders is desirable since stereo presentation will remain pervasive due to the number of applications in which listening is primarily via headphones, such as portable music players. </p><p>MPEG Surround also supports a mode in which the downmix is compatible with popular matrix surround decoders, such as <a href="/wiki/Dolby_Pro-Logic" class="mw-redirect" title="Dolby Pro-Logic">Dolby Pro-Logic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Herre_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Herre-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Applications">Applications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MPEG_Surround&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Applications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Digital_Audio_Broadcasting">Digital Audio Broadcasting</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MPEG_Surround&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Digital Audio Broadcasting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Due to the relatively small channel bandwidth, the relatively large cost of transmission equipment and transmission licenses and the desire to maximize user choices by providing many programs, the majority of existing or planned digital broadcasting systems cannot provide multichannel sound to the users. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Digital_Radio_Mondiale" title="Digital Radio Mondiale">DRM+</a> was designed<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to be fully capable of transmitting MPEG Surround and such broadcasting was also successfully demonstrated.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>MPEG Surround's backward compatibility and relatively low overhead provides one way to add multichannel sound to DAB without severely reducing audio quality or impacting other services. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Digital_TV_Broadcasting">Digital TV Broadcasting</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MPEG_Surround&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Digital TV Broadcasting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Currently, the majority of digital TV broadcasts use stereo audio coding. MPEG Surround could be used to extend these established services to surround sound, as with DAB. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music_download_service">Music download service</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MPEG_Surround&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Music download service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Currently, a number of commercial music download services are available and working with considerable commercial success. Such services could be seamlessly extended to provide multichannel presentations while remaining compatible with stereo players: on computers with 5.1 channel playback systems the compressed sound files are presented in surround sound while on portable players the same files are reproduced in stereo. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Streaming_music_service_/_Internet_radio"><span id="Streaming_music_service_.2F_Internet_radio"></span>Streaming music service / Internet radio</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MPEG_Surround&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Streaming music service / Internet radio"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many Internet radios operate with severely constrained transmission bandwidth, such that they can offer only mono or stereo content. MPEG Surround Coding technology could extend this to a multichannel service while still remaining within the permissible operating range of bitrates. Since efficiency is of paramount importance in this application, compression of the transmitted audio signal is vital. Using recent MPEG compression technology (MPEG-4 High Efficiency Profile coding), full MPEG Surround systems have been demonstrated with bitrates as low as 48 kbit/s. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MPEG_Surround&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Surround_sound" title="Surround sound">Surround sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_audio_coding_formats" title="Comparison of audio coding formats">Comparison of audio coding formats</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MPEG_Surround&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-iso23003-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-iso23003_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-iso23003_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFISO2007" class="citation web cs1">ISO (2007-01-29). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=44159">"ISO/IEC 23003-1:2007 - Information technology -- MPEG audio technologies -- Part 1: MPEG Surround"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-07-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ISO%2FIEC+14496-3%3A2009%2FPDAM+3+-+Transport+of+unified+speech+and+audio+coding+%28USAC%29&rft.date=2011-06-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iso.org%2Fiso%2Fiso_catalogue%2Fcatalogue_tc%2Fcatalogue_detail.htm%3Fcsnumber%3D59635&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMPEG+Surround" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mpeg.chiariglione.org/technologies/mpeg-d/mpd-usac/refsoft.htm">"Unified Speech and Audio Coder Common Encoder Reference Software"</a>. March 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110806184707/http://mpeg.chiariglione.org/technologies/mpeg-d/mpd-usac/refsoft.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 2011-08-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-07-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Unified+Speech+and+Audio+Coder+Common+Encoder+Reference+Software&rft.date=2011-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmpeg.chiariglione.org%2Ftechnologies%2Fmpeg-d%2Fmpd-usac%2Frefsoft.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMPEG+Surround" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Herre-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Herre_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Herre_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHerreKjörlingBreebaartFaller2008" class="citation journal cs1">Herre, Jürgen; Kjörling, Kristofer; Breebaart, Jeroen; Faller, Christof; Disch, Sascha; Purnhagen, Heiko; Koppens, Jeroen; Hilpert, Johannes; Rödén, Jonas; Oomen, Werner; Linzmeier, Karsten; Chong, Kok Seng (8 December 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237067967">"MPEG Surround-The ISO/MPEG Standard for Efficient and Compatible Multichannel Audio Coding"</a>. <i>Journal of the Audio Engineering Society</i>. <b>56</b> (11): <span class="nowrap">932–</span>955.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Audio+Engineering+Society&rft.atitle=MPEG+Surround-The+ISO%2FMPEG+Standard+for+Efficient+and+Compatible+Multichannel+Audio+Coding&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=11&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E932-%3C%2Fspan%3E955&rft.date=2008-12-08&rft.aulast=Herre&rft.aufirst=J%C3%BCrgen&rft.au=Kj%C3%B6rling%2C+Kristofer&rft.au=Breebaart%2C+Jeroen&rft.au=Faller%2C+Christof&rft.au=Disch%2C+Sascha&rft.au=Purnhagen%2C+Heiko&rft.au=Koppens%2C+Jeroen&rft.au=Hilpert%2C+Johannes&rft.au=R%C3%B6d%C3%A9n%2C+Jonas&rft.au=Oomen%2C+Werner&rft.au=Linzmeier%2C+Karsten&rft.au=Chong%2C+Kok+Seng&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F237067967&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMPEG+Surround" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aes.org/e-lib/browse.cfm?elib=14643">Abstract</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091015132232/http://www.drm.org/news/detail/news/drm-system-enhancement-approved-by-etsi/">"DRM system enhancement approved by ETSI"</a> (Press release). DRM Consortium. 2 September 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.drm.org/news/detail/news/drm-system-enhancement-approved-by-etsi/">the original</a> on 15 October 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-10-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=DRM+system+enhancement+approved+by+ETSI&rft.pub=DRM+Consortium&rft.date=2009-09-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.drm.org%2Fnews%2Fdetail%2Fnews%2Fdrm-system-enhancement-approved-by-etsi%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMPEG+Surround" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091015132431/http://www.drm.org/news/detail/news/drm-in-band-i-promoted-as-a-most-suitable-technology-to-complement-other-digital-radio-standards-in/">"DRM+ in Band I promoted as a most suitable technology to complement other digital radio standards in countries like France"</a> (Press release). DRM Consortium. 16 July 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.drm.org/news/detail/news/drm-in-band-i-promoted-as-a-most-suitable-technology-to-complement-other-digital-radio-standards-in/">the original</a> on 15 October 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-10-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=DRM%2B+in+Band+I+promoted+as+a+most+suitable+technology+to+complement+other+digital+radio+standards+in+countries+like+France&rft.pub=DRM+Consortium&rft.date=2009-07-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.drm.org%2Fnews%2Fdetail%2Fnews%2Fdrm-in-band-i-promoted-as-a-most-suitable-technology-to-complement-other-digital-radio-standards-in%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMPEG+Surround" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MPEG_Surround&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mpegsurround.com">MPEG Surround</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mpeg.chiariglione.org/">Official MPEG web site</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5691">RFC 5691</a> - RTP Payload Format for Elementary Streams with MPEG Surround Multi-Channel Audio</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output 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aria-labelledby="MPEG_(Moving_Picture_Experts_Group)397" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:MPEG" title="Template:MPEG"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:MPEG" title="Template talk:MPEG"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:MPEG" title="Special:EditPage/Template:MPEG"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="MPEG_(Moving_Picture_Experts_Group)397" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Moving_Picture_Experts_Group" title="Moving Picture Experts Group">MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group)</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-size:115%;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-1" title="MPEG-1">MPEG-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-2" title="MPEG-2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-3" title="MPEG-3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-4" title="MPEG-4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-7" title="MPEG-7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-21" title="MPEG-21">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-A" title="MPEG-A">A</a></li> <li>B</li> <li>C</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-D" title="MPEG-D">D</a></li> <li>E</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-G" title="MPEG-G">G</a></li> <li>V</li> <li>M</li> <li>U</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-H" title="MPEG-H">H</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MPEG-I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MPEG-I (page does not exist)">I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-5" class="mw-redirect" title="MPEG-5">5</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">MPEG-1 Parts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Part 1: Systems <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MPEG_program_stream" title="MPEG program stream">Program stream</a></li></ul></li> <li>Part 2: Video <ul><li>based on <a href="/wiki/H.261" title="H.261">H.261</a></li></ul></li> <li>Part 3: Audio <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-1_Audio_Layer_I" title="MPEG-1 Audio Layer I">Layer I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-1_Audio_Layer_II" title="MPEG-1 Audio Layer II">Layer II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MP3" title="MP3">Layer III</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">MPEG-2 Parts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Part 1: Systems (H.222.0) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MPEG_transport_stream" title="MPEG transport stream">Transport stream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG_program_stream" title="MPEG program stream">Program stream</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H.262/MPEG-2_Part_2" title="H.262/MPEG-2 Part 2">Part 2: Video (H.262)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-2_Part_3" title="MPEG-2 Part 3">Part 3: Audio</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-1_Audio_Layer_I" title="MPEG-1 Audio Layer I">Layer I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-2_Audio_Layer_II" class="mw-redirect" title="MPEG-2 Audio Layer II">Layer II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MP3" title="MP3">Layer III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG_Multichannel" title="MPEG Multichannel">MPEG Multichannel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DSM_CC" title="DSM CC">Part 6: DSM CC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Audio_Coding" title="Advanced Audio Coding">Part 7: Advanced Audio Coding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">MPEG-4 Parts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-4_Part_2" title="MPEG-4 Part 2">Part 2: Video</a> <ul><li>based on <a href="/wiki/H.263" title="H.263">H.263</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-4_Part_3" title="MPEG-4 Part 3">Part 3: Audio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delivery_Multimedia_Integration_Framework" title="Delivery Multimedia Integration Framework">Part 6: DMIF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Video_Coding" title="Advanced Video Coding">Part 10: Advanced Video Coding (H.264)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-4_Part_11" title="MPEG-4 Part 11">Part 11: Scene description</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO_base_media_file_format" title="ISO base media file format">Part 12: ISO base media file format</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-4_Part_14" class="mw-redirect" title="MPEG-4 Part 14">Part 14: MP4 file format</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-4_Part_17" title="MPEG-4 Part 17">Part 17: Streaming text format</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-4_Part_20" title="MPEG-4 Part 20">Part 20: LASeR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Font_Format" class="mw-redirect" title="Open Font Format">Part 22: Open Font Format</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Video_Coding" title="Internet Video Coding">Part 33: Internet Video Coding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">MPEG-7 Parts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Description_Definition_Language" title="Description Definition Language">Part 2: Description definition language</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">MPEG-21 Parts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Item" title="Digital Item">Parts 2, 3 and 9: Digital Item</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rights_Expression_Language" title="Rights Expression Language">Part 5: Rights Expression Language</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">MPEG-D Parts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Part 1: MPEG Surround</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unified_Speech_and_Audio_Coding" title="Unified Speech and Audio Coding">Part 3: Unified Speech and Audio Coding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">MPEG-G Parts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-G" title="MPEG-G">Part 1: Transport and Storage of Genomic Information</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-G" title="MPEG-G">Part 2: Coding of Genomic Information</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-G" title="MPEG-G">Part 3: APIs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-G" title="MPEG-G">Part 4: Reference Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-G" title="MPEG-G">Part 5: Conformance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">MPEG-H Parts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MPEG_media_transport" title="MPEG media transport">Part 1: MPEG media transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Video_Coding" title="High Efficiency Video Coding">Part 2: High Efficiency Video Coding (H.265)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-H_3D_Audio" title="MPEG-H 3D Audio">Part 3: MPEG-H 3D Audio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Image_File_Format" title="High Efficiency Image File Format">Part 12: High Efficiency Image File Format</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">MPEG-I Parts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Versatile_Video_Coding" title="Versatile Video Coding">Part 3: Versatile Video Coding (H.266)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">MPEG-5 Parts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Essential_Video_Coding" title="Essential Video Coding">Part 1: Essential Video Coding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LCEVC" title="LCEVC">Part 2: Low Complexity Enhancement Video Coding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Dynamic_Adaptive_Streaming_over_HTTP" title="Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP">MPEG-DASH</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MPEG_Surround&oldid=1220785133">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MPEG_Surround&oldid=1220785133</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Audio_codecs" title="Category:Audio codecs">Audio codecs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:MPEG" title="Category:MPEG">MPEG</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Open_standards_covered_by_patents" title="Category:Open standards covered by patents">Open standards covered by patents</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_April_2009" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from April 2009">Articles needing additional references from April 2009</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div 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