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.hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/MPEG_Surround" title="MPEG Surround">MPEG Surround</a> or <a href="/wiki/MP3_Surround" title="MP3 Surround">MP3 Surround</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1034237262">.mw-parser-output .stack{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .stack>div{margin:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-left{float:left;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-right{float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-left{float:left;clear:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-right{float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-left{float:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-right{float:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="stack mw-stack stack-right"><div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mpegmulti.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fd/Mpegmulti.png/200px-Mpegmulti.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fd/Mpegmulti.png/300px-Mpegmulti.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/fd/Mpegmulti.png 2x" data-file-width="352" data-file-height="71" /></a><figcaption>MPEG Multichannel logo</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mpegemp.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cb/Mpegemp.png/200px-Mpegemp.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cb/Mpegemp.png/300px-Mpegemp.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/c/cb/Mpegemp.png 2x" data-file-width="352" data-file-height="71" /></a><figcaption>MPEG Empowered logo</figcaption></figure> </div></div> <p><b>MPEG Multichannel</b>, also known as MPEG-2 Backwards Compatible, or MPEG-2 BC, is an extension to the <a href="/wiki/MPEG-1_Layer_II" class="mw-redirect" title="MPEG-1 Layer II">MPEG-1 Layer II</a> <a href="/wiki/Sound" title="Sound">audio</a> compression specification, as defined in the <a href="/wiki/MPEG-2" title="MPEG-2">MPEG-2</a> Audio standard (<a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Standardization" title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</a>/<a href="/wiki/International_Electrotechnical_Commission" title="International Electrotechnical Commission">IEC</a> 13818-3)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-london92_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-london92-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which allows it provide up to 5.1-channels (<a href="/wiki/Surround_sound" title="Surround sound">surround sound</a>) of audio.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cite1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cite1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To maintain backwards compatibility with the older 2-channel (stereo) audio specification, it uses a channel matrixing scheme, where the additional channels are mixed into the two backwards compatible channels. Extra information in the data stream (ignored by older hardware) contains signals to process extra channels from the matrix.<sup id="cite_ref-cite1_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cite1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Consumer_electronics_and_broadcast_use">Consumer electronics and broadcast use</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MPEG_Multichannel&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Consumer electronics and broadcast use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Originally a mandatory part of the <a href="/wiki/DVD" title="DVD">DVD</a> specification for PAL standard discs, but was dropped in favor of competitor <a href="/wiki/Dolby_Digital" title="Dolby Digital">Dolby Digital</a> in December 1997. This was largely due to delays with MPEG Multichannel encode/decode processes being available for production at the professional level, and a lack of playback products at the consumer level. These issues were later resolved by <a href="/wiki/Fraunhofer_Society" title="Fraunhofer Society">Fraunhofer IIS</a> with key industry partners such as <a href="/wiki/Koninklijke_Philips_N.V." class="mw-redirect" title="Koninklijke Philips N.V.">Koninklijke Philips N.V.</a>, but not before MPEG Multichannel lost its mandatory requirement for PAL discs, remaining on only as an optional component. The format is also supported by the <a href="/wiki/Super_Video_CD" title="Super Video CD">Super Video CD</a> (SVCD) disc standard as well. MPEG Multichannel fared better in broadcast adoption and was chosen as part of Japan's CS digital television system.<sup id="cite_ref-cite7_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cite7-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other than consumer electronics made exclusively for the Japanese domestic market, native player support for the format is exceedingly rare. <a href="/wiki/Meridian_Audio" title="Meridian Audio">Meridian Audio</a> makes the only commercially available surround sound processors outside of Japan that support both MPEG Multichannel and its successor format, MPEG-4 AAC surround described in the 1999 <a href="/wiki/MPEG-2_Part_7" class="mw-redirect" title="MPEG-2 Part 7">MPEG-2 Part 7</a> standard. Unlike MPEG Multichannel, <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Audio_Coding" title="Advanced Audio Coding">Advanced Audio Coding</a> has enjoyed wide industry support in VOD/OTT mediums as well as being the surround coding format used in Japan's BS digital television standard.<sup id="cite_ref-cite7_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cite7-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the United States, MPEG Multichannel was proposed for use in the <a href="/wiki/ATSC" class="mw-redirect" title="ATSC">ATSC</a> <a href="/wiki/Digital_TV" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital TV">digital TV</a> broadcasting standard, but <a href="/wiki/Dolby_Digital" title="Dolby Digital">Dolby Digital</a> (aka. AC-3, A/52) was chosen instead. This is a matter of significant controversy, as it has been revealed that the organizations (The <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zenith_Electronics" title="Zenith Electronics">Zenith Electronics</a>) behind 2 of the 4 voting board members received tens of millions of dollars of compensation from secret deals with <a href="/wiki/Dolby_Laboratories" class="mw-redirect" title="Dolby Laboratories">Dolby Laboratories</a> in exchange for their votes.<sup id="cite_ref-mit_atsc_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mit_atsc-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>MPEG Multichannel–compatible equipment would bear either the MPEG Multichannel or MPEG Empowered logos, or on its packaging and documentation. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MPEG_Multichannel&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-1" title="MPEG-1">MPEG-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-2" title="MPEG-2">MPEG-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Video_CD" title="Super Video CD">Super Video CD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DVD" title="DVD">DVD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TooLAME" title="TooLAME">TooLAME</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MPEG_Multichannel&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=26797">"ISO/IEC 13818-3:1998 - Information technology -- Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information -- Part 3: Audio"</a>. ISO<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-10-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ISO%2FIEC+13818-3%3A1998+-+Information+technology+--+Generic+coding+of+moving+pictures+and+associated+audio+information+--+Part+3%3A+Audio&rft.pub=ISO&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iso.org%2Fiso%2Fiso_catalogue%2Fcatalogue_tc%2Fcatalogue_detail.htm%3Fcsnumber%3D26797&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMPEG+Multichannel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-london92-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-london92_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChiariglione1992" class="citation journal cs1">Chiariglione, Leonardo (November 6, 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071108160634/http://www.chiariglione.org//mpeg/meetings/london/london_press.htm">"MPEG Press Release, London, 6 November 1992"</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Standardization" title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</a>/<a href="/wiki/International_Electrotechnical_Commission" title="International Electrotechnical Commission">IEC</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chiariglione.org/mpeg/meetings/london/london_press.htm">the original</a> on 8 November 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-04-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MIT+Getting+Millions+For+Digital+TV+Deal&rft.pub=The+Tech&rft.date=2002-11-08&rft.aulast=Winstein&rft.aufirst=Keith+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftech.mit.edu%2FV122%2FN54%2F54hdtv.54n.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMPEG+Multichannel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MPEG_Multichannel&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070930055400/http://home.online.no/~espen-b/mpeg/audio.html">MPiG a website critical of MPEG Multichannel</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mctoolame.sourceforge.net/">mctooLAME: An Open Source MPEG Multichannel audio encoder and decoder</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chiariglione.org/mpeg/">Official MPEG web site</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081109215716/http://www.chiariglione.org/mpeg/">Archived</a> 2008-11-09 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mpegmultichannel.free.fr">web site</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MPEG_Multichannel&oldid=1187030013">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MPEG_Multichannel&oldid=1187030013</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:MPEG-2" title="Category:MPEG-2">MPEG-2</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Audio_codecs" title="Category:Audio codecs">Audio codecs</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_missing_periodical" title="Category:CS1 errors: missing periodical">CS1 errors: missing periodical</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unfit_URL" title="Category:CS1 maint: unfit URL">CS1 maint: unfit URL</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 27 November 2023, at 00:55<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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