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.navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #202122;background-color:#b0c4de">Xuantu Commandery</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de;">Chinese name</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hani" style="font-size: 1rem;">玄菟郡</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Xuántú Jùn</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de;">Korean name</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hangul" title="Hangul">Hangul</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko" style="font-size: 1rem;">현도군</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanja" title="Hanja">Hanja</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko" style="font-size: 1rem;">玄菟郡</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Revised_Romanization_of_Korean" title="Revised Romanization of Korean">Revised Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Korean-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="ko-Latn">Hyeondo-gun</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/McCune%E2%80%93Reischauer" title="McCune–Reischauer">McCune–Reischauer</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Korean-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="ko-Latn">Hyŏndo-kun</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hyondo-rom.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Hyondo-rom.png/260px-Hyondo-rom.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="394" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Hyondo-rom.png/390px-Hyondo-rom.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Hyondo-rom.png/520px-Hyondo-rom.png 2x" data-file-width="736" data-file-height="1114" /></a><figcaption>Four Commanderies of Han</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Xuantu Commandery</b> (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh">玄菟郡</span>; <a href="/wiki/Korean_language" title="Korean language">Korean</a>: <span lang="ko">현도군</span>) was a <a href="/wiki/Jun_(country_subdivision)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jun (country subdivision)">commandery</a> of the Chinese <a href="/wiki/Han_dynasty" title="Han dynasty">Han dynasty</a>. It was one of <a href="/wiki/Four_Commanderies_of_Han" title="Four Commanderies of Han">Four Commanderies of Han</a>, established in 107 BCE in the northern <a href="/wiki/Korean_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean Peninsula">Korean Peninsula</a> and part of the <a href="/wiki/Liaodong_Peninsula" title="Liaodong Peninsula">Liaodong Peninsula</a>, after the <a href="/wiki/Han_dynasty" title="Han dynasty">Han dynasty</a> conquered <a href="/wiki/Wiman_Joseon" title="Wiman Joseon">Wiman Joseon</a>. Xuantu moved its capital to Liaodong in 75 BC due to native resistance and the area formerly under the <a href="/wiki/Lintun_Commandery" title="Lintun Commandery">Lintun Commandery</a> was transferred to the <a href="/wiki/Lelang_Commandery" title="Lelang Commandery">Lelang Commandery</a>. Xuantu was conquered by Goguryeo in 319 AD.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPark2013203-204_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPark2013203-204-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xuantu_Commandery&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 82 BCE, the Han dynasty reduced its commandery units; <a href="/wiki/Lintun_Commandery" title="Lintun Commandery">Lintun Commandery</a> merged with Xuantu as a result. In 75 BCE, the Xuantu Commandery was forced to move its seat from Fort <a href="/wiki/Okjeo" title="Okjeo">Okjeo</a> (沃沮城) to <a href="/wiki/Gaogouli_County" title="Gaogouli County">Gaogouli County</a> due to raids by the <a href="/wiki/Yemaek" title="Yemaek">Maek tribes</a> (貊), a likely reference to Gaogouli. As a result, some of its previous counties had now to be abandoned or reassigned, seven of which were subject to <a href="/wiki/Lelang_Commandery" title="Lelang Commandery">Lelang Commandery</a>, the so-called "seven counties beyond the eastern pass" (嶺東七縣). </p><p>As a result of the change, only three counties remained under Xuantu Commandery: <a href="/wiki/Gaogouli_County" title="Gaogouli County">Gaogouli County</a>, Shangyintai (上殷台) and Xigaima (西蓋馬).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/The_Book_of_Han" class="mw-redirect" title="The Book of Han">The Book of Han</a></i> records 45,006 households and 221,845 individuals in Xuantu Commandery for year 2 CE.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When General <a href="/wiki/Sima_Yi" title="Sima Yi">Sima Yi</a> of <a href="/wiki/Cao_Wei" title="Cao Wei">Cao Wei</a> conquered <a href="/wiki/Gongsun_Yuan" title="Gongsun Yuan">Gongsun Yuan</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sima_Yi%27s_Liaodong_campaign" title="Sima Yi's Liaodong campaign">his military campaign against Liaodong</a> in 238, there remained only four counties in the new Xuantu Commandery that had retreated west (present-day <a href="/wiki/Fushun" title="Fushun">Fushun</a>): Gaogouli, Gaoxian (高顯), Liaoyang (遼陽), and Wangping (望平). Xuantu was conquered by <a href="/wiki/Goguryeo" title="Goguryeo">Goguryeo</a> in 319 AD.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPark2013204_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPark2013204-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Revisionism">Revisionism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xuantu_Commandery&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Revisionism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korean</a> academic community and some part of the <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korean</a> academic community, the Han dynasty's annexation of parts of the Korean peninsula have been denied. Proponents of this revisionist theory claim that the Four Commanderies of Han actually existed outside of the Korean peninsula, and place them somewhere in <a href="/wiki/Liaodong_Commandery" title="Liaodong Commandery">Liaodong Commandery</a>, China instead. According to this theory, the Xuantu Commandery was said to be located in <a href="/wiki/Shenyang" title="Shenyang">Shenyang</a>. </p><p>These hypotheses are authoritative in the academic community of North Korea, which is supported by the amateur historical enthusiasts in South Korea, but this theory is not recognized at all in the academic circles of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> and <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Maps">Maps</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xuantu_Commandery&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Maps"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hangunhyeon.PNG" class="mw-file-description" title="Four Commanderies of Han with Jin in 106 BC"><img alt="Four Commanderies of Han with Jin in 106 BC" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Hangunhyeon.PNG/78px-Hangunhyeon.PNG" decoding="async" width="78" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Hangunhyeon.PNG/117px-Hangunhyeon.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Hangunhyeon.PNG/156px-Hangunhyeon.PNG 2x" data-file-width="896" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Four Commanderies of Han with <a href="/wiki/Jin_(Korean_state)" title="Jin (Korean state)">Jin</a> in 106 BC</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ancient_Korea_Taihougun.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Four Commanderies of Han in 3 AD"><img alt="Four Commanderies of Han in 3 AD" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Ancient_Korea_Taihougun.png/98px-Ancient_Korea_Taihougun.png" decoding="async" width="98" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Ancient_Korea_Taihougun.png/147px-Ancient_Korea_Taihougun.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Ancient_Korea_Taihougun.png/196px-Ancient_Korea_Taihougun.png 2x" data-file-width="507" data-file-height="619" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Four Commanderies of Han in 3 AD</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xuantu_Commandery&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Four_Commanderies_of_Han" title="Four Commanderies of Han">Four Commanderies of Han</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lelang_Commandery" title="Lelang Commandery">Lelang Commandery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lintun_Commandery" title="Lintun Commandery">Lintun Commandery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhenfan_Commandery" title="Zhenfan Commandery">Zhenfan Commandery</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daifang_commandery" class="mw-redirect" title="Daifang commandery">Daifang commandery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canghai_Commandery" title="Canghai Commandery">Canghai Commandery</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xuantu_Commandery&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPark2013203-204-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPark2013203-204_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPark2013">Park 2013</a>, p. 203-204.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《漢書·地理志》：“玄菟郡......, 縣三：高句驪、上殷台、西蓋馬”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">玄菟郡......, 戶四萬五千六。口二十二萬一千八百四十五。<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/zh:%E6%BC%A2%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B7028%E4%B8%8B" class="extiw" title="s:zh:漢書/卷028下">Wikisource: the Book of Han, volume 28-2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCharles_Roger_Tennant1996" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Roger_Tennant" title="Roger Tennant">Charles Roger Tennant</a> (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tKTtAAAAMAAJ&q=murong+clan+burned"><i>A history of Korea</i></a> (illustrated ed.). Kegan Paul International. p. 22. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7103-0532-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7103-0532-9"><bdi>978-0-7103-0532-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-02-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+history+of+Korea&rft.pages=22&rft.edition=illustrated&rft.pub=Kegan+Paul+International&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-7103-0532-9&rft.au=Charles+Roger+Tennant&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtKTtAAAAMAAJ%26q%3Dmurong%2Bclan%2Bburned&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AXuantu+Commandery" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPark2013204-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPark2013204_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPark2013">Park 2013</a>, p. 204.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPai2000" class="citation cs2">Pai, Hyung Il (2000), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QxztLeLoVkQC&pg=PA129"><i>Constructing "Korean" Origins: A Critical Review of Archaeology, Historiography, and Racial Myth in Korean State Formation Theories</i></a>, Harvard University Asia Center, pp. <span class="nowrap">127–</span>129, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780674002449" title="Special:BookSources/9780674002449"><bdi>9780674002449</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Constructing+%22Korean%22+Origins%3A+A+Critical+Review+of+Archaeology%2C+Historiography%2C+and+Racial+Myth+in+Korean+State+Formation+Theories&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E127-%3C%2Fspan%3E129&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Asia+Center&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9780674002449&rft.aulast=Pai&rft.aufirst=Hyung+Il&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQxztLeLoVkQC%26pg%3DPA129&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AXuantu+Commandery" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFUnited_States_Congress2016" class="citation book cs1">United States Congress (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ybmFuqReAqUC&pg=PA6"><i>North Korea: A Country Study</i></a>. Nova Science Publishers. p. 6. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1590334430" title="Special:BookSources/978-1590334430"><bdi>978-1590334430</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=North+Korea%3A+A+Country+Study&rft.pages=6&rft.pub=Nova+Science+Publishers&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1590334430&rft.au=United+States+Congress&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DybmFuqReAqUC%26pg%3DPA6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AXuantu+Commandery" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFConnor2003" class="citation book cs1">Connor, Edgar V. (2003). <i>Korea: Current Issues and Historical Background</i>. Nova Science Publishers. p. 112. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1590334430" title="Special:BookSources/978-1590334430"><bdi>978-1590334430</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Korea%3A+Current+Issues+and+Historical+Background&rft.pages=112&rft.pub=Nova+Science+Publishers&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-1590334430&rft.aulast=Connor&rft.aufirst=Edgar+V.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AXuantu+Commandery" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKim2012" class="citation book cs1">Kim, Jinwung (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QFPsi3IK8gcC&pg=PA18"><i>A History of Korea: From "Land of the Morning Calm" to States in Conflict</i></a>. Indiana University Press. p. 18. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0253000248" title="Special:BookSources/978-0253000248"><bdi>978-0253000248</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Korea%3A+From+%22Land+of+the+Morning+Calm%22+to+States+in+Conflict&rft.pages=18&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0253000248&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Jinwung&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQFPsi3IK8gcC%26pg%3DPA18&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AXuantu+Commandery" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLee1993" class="citation book cs1">Lee, Peter H. (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=N66XyMJ_sNsC&pg=PA227"><i>Sourcebook of Korean Civilization</i></a>. Columbia University Press. p. 227. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0231079129" title="Special:BookSources/978-0231079129"><bdi>978-0231079129</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sourcebook+of+Korean+Civilization&rft.pages=227&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0231079129&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Peter+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DN66XyMJ_sNsC%26pg%3DPA227&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AXuantu+Commandery" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xuantu_Commandery&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPark2013" class="citation cs2">Park, Jun-hyeong (2013), <i>The Han Commanderies in Early Korean History: A Reconsideration of the Han Commanderies from a Broader East Asian Perspective</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Han+Commanderies+in+Early+Korean+History%3A+A+Reconsideration+of+the+Han+Commanderies+from+a+Broader+East+Asian+Perspective&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Park&rft.aufirst=Jun-hyeong&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AXuantu+Commandery" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output 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td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Four_Commanderies_of_Han28" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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href="/wiki/Template:Four_Commanderies_of_Han" title="Template:Four Commanderies of Han"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Four_Commanderies_of_Han" title="Template talk:Four Commanderies of Han"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Four_Commanderies_of_Han" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Four Commanderies of Han"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Four_Commanderies_of_Han28" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Four_Commanderies_of_Han" title="Four Commanderies of Han">Four Commanderies of Han</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lelang_Commandery" title="Lelang Commandery">Lelang Commandery</a> (108 BCE — 313 CE)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lintun_Commandery" title="Lintun Commandery">Lintun Commandery</a> (107 BCE — 82 BCE)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Xuantu Commandery</a> (107 BCE — 302 CE)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Zhenfan_Commandery" title="Zhenfan Commandery">Zhenfan Commandery</a> (107 BCE — 82 BCE)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Provinces_and_commanderies_of_the_Han_dynasty_(140_AD)580" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Han_dynasty_provinces" title="Template:Han dynasty provinces"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Han_dynasty_provinces" title="Template talk:Han dynasty provinces"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Han_dynasty_provinces" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Han dynasty provinces"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Provinces_and_commanderies_of_the_Han_dynasty_(140_AD)580" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Han_dynasty#Provincial_authorities" title="Government of the Han dynasty">Provinces</a> and <a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Han_dynasty#Commandery_administration" title="Government of the Han dynasty">commanderies</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Han_dynasty" title="Han dynasty">Han dynasty</a> <small>(140 AD)</small></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sili_Province" title="Sili Province">Sili</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henan_Commandery" title="Henan Commandery">Henan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henei_Commandery" title="Henei Commandery">Henei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedong_Commandery" title="Hedong Commandery">Hedong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hongnong_Commandery" title="Hongnong Commandery">Hongnong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jingzhao" title="Jingzhao">Jingzhao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pingyi_(region)" title="Pingyi (region)">Zuopingyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fufeng_(region)" title="Fufeng (region)">Youfufeng</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="14" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jian%27an_Commanderies.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Map of Chinese provinces and commanderies in 219 CE" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Jian%27an_Commanderies.svg/300px-Jian%27an_Commanderies.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="216" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Jian%27an_Commanderies.svg/450px-Jian%27an_Commanderies.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Jian%27an_Commanderies.svg/600px-Jian%27an_Commanderies.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3125" data-file-height="2250" /></a></span> <small>Han provinces and commanderies in 219 CE</small></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yuzhou_(ancient_China)" title="Yuzhou (ancient China)">Yu Province</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yingchuan_Commandery" title="Yingchuan Commandery">Yingchuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runan_Commandery" title="Runan Commandery">Runan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liang_Commandery" class="mw-redirect" title="Liang Commandery">Liang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pei_Commandery" title="Pei Commandery">Pei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Commandery" title="Chen Commandery">Chen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Commandery" title="Lu Commandery">Lu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ji_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Ji Province">Ji Province</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wei_Commandery" title="Wei Commandery">Wei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julu_Commandery" title="Julu Commandery">Julu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changshan_Commandery" title="Changshan Commandery">Changshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhongshan_Commandery" class="mw-redirect" title="Zhongshan Commandery">Zhongshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xindu_Commandery" title="Xindu Commandery">Xindu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hejian_Commandery" class="mw-redirect" title="Hejian Commandery">Hejian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qinghe_Commandery" title="Qinghe Commandery">Qinghe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Commandery" class="mw-redirect" title="Zhao Commandery">Handan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohai_Commandery" title="Bohai Commandery">Bohai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yan_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Yan Province">Yan Province</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chenliu_Commandery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chenliu Commandery (page does not exist)">Chenliu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dong_Commandery" title="Dong Commandery">Dong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dongping_Commandery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dongping Commandery (page does not exist)">Dongping</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rencheng_Commandery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rencheng Commandery (page does not exist)">Rencheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taishan_Commandery" title="Taishan Commandery">Taishan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jibei_Commandery" class="mw-redirect" title="Jibei Commandery">Jibei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanyang_Commandery" title="Shanyang Commandery">Shanyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiyin_Commandery" title="Jiyin Commandery">Jiyin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Xu_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Xu Province">Xu Province</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donghai_Commandery" title="Donghai Commandery">Donghai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langya_Commandery" title="Langya Commandery">Langya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pengcheng_Commandery" title="Pengcheng Commandery">Pengcheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guangling_Commandery" title="Guangling Commandery">Guangling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linhuai_Commandery" title="Linhuai Commandery">Linhuai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Qing_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Qing Province">Qing Province</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jinan_Commandery" title="Jinan Commandery">Jinan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pingyuan_Commandery" title="Pingyuan Commandery">Pingyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le%27an_Commandery" title="Le'an Commandery">Le'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beihai_Commandery" title="Beihai Commandery">Beihai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donglai_Commandery" title="Donglai Commandery">Donglai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qi_Commandery" title="Qi Commandery">Qi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jing_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Jing Province">Jing Province</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nanyang_Commandery" title="Nanyang Commandery">Nanyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nan_Commandery" title="Nan Commandery">Nan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiangxia_Commandery" title="Jiangxia Commandery">Jiangxia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingling_Commandery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingling Commandery (page does not exist)">Lingling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guiyang_Commandery" class="mw-redirect" title="Guiyang Commandery">Guiyang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wuling_Commandery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wuling Commandery (page does not exist)">Wuling</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Changsha_Commandery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Changsha Commandery (page does not exist)">Changsha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yang_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Yang Province">Yang Province</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jiujiang_Commandery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jiujiang Commandery (page does not exist)">Jiujiang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danyang_Commandery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Danyang Commandery (page does not exist)">Danyang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lujiang_Commandery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lujiang Commandery (page does not exist)">Lujiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuaiji_Commandery" title="Kuaiji Commandery">Kuaiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Commandery" title="Wu Commandery">Wu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yuzhang_Commandery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yuzhang Commandery (page does not exist)">Yuzhang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yi_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Yi Province">Yi Province</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hanzhong_Commandery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hanzhong Commandery (page does not exist)">Hanzhong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ba_Commandery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ba Commandery (page does not exist)">Ba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guanghan_Commandery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guanghan Commandery (page does not exist)">Guanghan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shu_Commandery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shu Commandery (page does not exist)">Shu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jianwei_Commandery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jianwei Commandery (page does not exist)">Jianwei</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zangke_Commandery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zangke Commandery (page does not exist)">Zangke</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yuexi_Commandery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yuexi Commandery (page does not exist)">Yuexi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yizhou_Commandery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yizhou Commandery (page does not exist)">Yizhou</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoongchang_Commandery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yoongchang Commandery (page does not exist)">Yongchang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Liang_Province" title="Liang Province">Liang Province</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Longxi_Commandery" title="Longxi Commandery">Longxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanyang_Commandery" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyang Commandery">Hanyang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wudu_Commandery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wudu Commandery (page does not exist)">Wudu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jincheng_Commandery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jincheng Commandery (page does not exist)">Jincheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anding_Commandery" title="Anding Commandery">Anding</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wuwei_Commandery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wuwei Commandery (page does not exist)">Wuwei</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhangye_Commandery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhangye Commandery (page does not exist)">Zhangye</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jiuquan_Commandery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jiuquan Commandery (page does not exist)">Jiuquan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dunhuang_Commandery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dunhuang Commandery (page does not exist)">Dunhuang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bing_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Bing Province">Bing Province</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shangdang_Commandery" title="Shangdang Commandery">Shangdang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiyuan_Commandery" title="Taiyuan Commandery">Taiyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xihe_Commandery" title="Xihe Commandery">Xihe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunzhong_Commandery" title="Yunzhong Commandery">Yunzhong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dingxiang_Commandery" title="Dingxiang Commandery">Dingxiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yanmen_Commandery" title="Yanmen Commandery">Yanmen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shuofang_Province&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shuofang Province (page does not exist)">Shuofang Province</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shuofang_Commandery" title="Shuofang Commandery">Shuofang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuyuan_Commandery" title="Wuyuan Commandery">Wuyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shang_Commandery" title="Shang Commandery">Shang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xihe_Commandery" title="Xihe Commandery">Xihe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beidi_Commandery" title="Beidi Commandery">Beidi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/You_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="You Province">You Province</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zhuo_Commandery" title="Zhuo Commandery">Zhuo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guangyang_Commandery" title="Guangyang Commandery">Guangyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dai_Commandery" title="Dai Commandery">Dai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanggu_Commandery" title="Shanggu Commandery">Shanggu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuyang_Commandery" title="Yuyang Commandery">Yuyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youbeiping_Commandery" title="Youbeiping Commandery">Youbeiping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liaoxi_Commandery" title="Liaoxi Commandery">Liaoxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liaodong_Commandery" title="Liaodong Commandery">Liaodong</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Xuantu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lelang_Commandery" title="Lelang Commandery">Lelang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jiaozhou_(region)" title="Jiaozhou (region)">Jiaozhi Province</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nanhai_Commandery" title="Nanhai Commandery">Nanhai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cangwu_Commandery" title="Cangwu Commandery">Cangwu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yulin_Commandery" title="Yulin Commandery">Yulin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hepu_Commandery" title="Hepu Commandery">Hepu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiaozhi_Commandery" class="mw-redirect" title="Jiaozhi Commandery">Jiaozhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiuzhen_Commandery" class="mw-redirect" title="Jiuzhen Commandery">Jiuzhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rinan_Commandery" class="mw-redirect" title="Rinan Commandery">Rinan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_provinces_and_commanderies_of_the_Han_dynasty" title="List of provinces and commanderies of the Han dynasty">Full list</a></b> <small>(202 BC – 220 AD)</small></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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