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hreflang="ca" data-title="Cicle de combustió esglaonada (coets)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staged_combustion_cycle" title="Staged combustion cycle – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Staged combustion cycle" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combusti%C3%B3n_escalonada" title="Combustión escalonada – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Combustión escalonada" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cycle_%C3%A0_combustion_%C3%A9tag%C3%A9e" title="Cycle à combustion étagée – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cycle à combustion étagée" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siklus_pembakaran_bertahap" title="Siklus pembakaran bertahap – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Siklus pembakaran bertahap" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciclo_a_combustione_stadiata" title="Ciclo a combustione stadiata – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ciclo a combustione stadiata" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%AE%B5%E7%87%83%E7%84%BC%E3%82%B5%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AB" title="二段燃焼サイクル – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="二段燃焼サイクル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8B%A8%EA%B3%84%EC%8B%9D_%EC%97%B0%EC%86%8C_%EC%82%AC%EC%9D%B4%ED%81%B4" title="단계식 연소 사이클 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="단계식 연소 사이클" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciclo_de_combust%C3%A3o_em_est%C3%A1gios" title="Ciclo de combustão em estágios – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ciclo de combustão em estágios" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B" title="Жидкостный ракетный двигатель замкнутой схемы – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Жидкостный ракетный двигатель замкнутой схемы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%97_%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Рідинний ракетний двигун замкнутої схеми – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Рідинний ракетний двигун замкнутої схеми" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q519432#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs 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class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Staged_combustion_rocket_cycle-zh.svg/390px-Staged_combustion_rocket_cycle-zh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Staged_combustion_rocket_cycle-zh.svg/520px-Staged_combustion_rocket_cycle-zh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="675" /></a><figcaption>分级燃烧循环示意图</figcaption></figure> <p><b>分级燃烧循环</b>（<b>staged combustion cycle</b>）也叫<b>高压补燃循环</b>，是双元<a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%B2%E4%BD%93%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD%E5%8F%91%E5%8A%A8%E6%9C%BA" title="液体火箭发动机">液体火箭发动机</a>的动力循环的一种。<sup id="cite_ref-plane_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-plane-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>一部分燃料在预燃室燃烧产生高温燃气推动发动机的涡轮和泵。随后废气和推进剂一起注入燃烧室。 </p><p>分级燃烧循环的主要优势是所有燃气和热量都通过燃烧室排除，基本没有损失。因此这种循环也常称为“闭式循环”。而开式循环产生的废气直接排放，因而效率有所损失。 </p><p>分级燃烧循环带来的另一个重要优点就是能承受非常高的燃烧室压力，这致使更大膨胀比的喷嘴可以用在发动机上。而主要缺点就是涡轮机的工作环境苛刻，需要添加许多额外的导管来输送高温燃气，还必须设计很复杂的反馈控制系统。 </p><p>分级燃烧循环发动机相对其他形式循环是最难设计的，它的一种简化版本就是<a href="/wiki/%E7%87%83%E6%B0%94%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%99%A8%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF" title="燃气发生器循环">燃气发生器循环</a>。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="历史"><span id=".E5.8E.86.E5.8F.B2"></span>历史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%86%E7%BA%A7%E7%87%83%E7%83%A7%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：历史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>分级燃烧循环最初是<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%88%97%E5%85%8B%E8%B0%A2%C2%B7_%E4%BC%8A%E8%90%A8%E8%80%B6%E5%A4%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿列克谢· 伊萨耶夫（页面不存在）">阿列克谢· 伊萨耶夫</a>（Aleksei Mihailovich Isaev）在1949年提出的，由前苏联工程师<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A0%BC%E9%B2%81%E4%BB%80%E7%A7%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="格鲁什科（页面不存在）">格鲁什科</a>（Valentin Glushko）设计制造。第一台采用分级燃烧循环的发动机就是<a href="/wiki/NK-33" class="mw-redirect" title="NK-33">NK-33</a>，<a href="/wiki/N1%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="N1火箭">N1火箭</a>的第一级就安装了30台这样的发动机。1963年，另一台采用这种循环的发动机RD 253开始制造并于1965年安装在了<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E5%AD%90%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="質子火箭">质子火箭</a>上。<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%9B%E5%85%8B%E9%A9%AC%E4%B8%81" class="mw-redirect" title="洛克马丁">洛克马丁</a>公司向俄罗斯购买的<a href="/wiki/RD-180%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD%E5%8F%91%E5%8A%A8%E6%9C%BA" title="RD-180火箭发动机">RD-180</a>用于<a href="/wiki/%E6%93%8E%E5%A4%A9%E7%A5%9E%E4%B8%89%E5%8F%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="擎天神三号">擎天神三号</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%93%8E%E5%A4%A9%E7%A5%9E%E4%BA%94%E8%99%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="擎天神五號">擎天神五号</a>的发动机也采用这种循环。 </p><p>在西方，首台实验室分级燃烧发动机是由<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD" title="德国">德国</a>工程师<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B7%AF%E5%BE%B7%E7%BB%B4%E5%B8%8C%C2%B7%E4%BC%AF%E5%B0%94%E7%A7%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="路德维希·伯尔科（页面不存在）">路德维希·伯尔科</a>（Ludwig Boelkow）于1963年制造的。 </p><p>50年代，英国开发的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%BD%E9%A9%AC%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD%E5%8F%91%E5%8A%A8%E6%9C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伽马火箭发动机（页面不存在）">伽马火箭发动机</a>采取的是一种闭式循环，但不是分级燃烧循环。氧化剂<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%87%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%A2" title="过氧化氢">过氧化氢</a>先分解成氧气来驱动涡轮机，然后和燃料煤油一起进入燃烧室燃烧。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/RS-25" title="RS-25">RS-25</a>采用的也是这种循环。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="全流量分级燃烧循环"><span id=".E5.85.A8.E6.B5.81.E9.87.8F.E5.88.86.E7.BA.A7.E7.87.83.E7.83.A7.E5.BE.AA.E7.8E.AF"></span>全流量分级燃烧循环</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%86%E7%BA%A7%E7%87%83%E7%83%A7%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：全流量分级燃烧循环"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Full_flow_staged_rocket_cycle-zh.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Full_flow_staged_rocket_cycle-zh.svg/200px-Full_flow_staged_rocket_cycle-zh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="245" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Full_flow_staged_rocket_cycle-zh.svg/300px-Full_flow_staged_rocket_cycle-zh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Full_flow_staged_rocket_cycle-zh.svg/400px-Full_flow_staged_rocket_cycle-zh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="675" /></a><figcaption>全流量分级燃烧循环示意图</figcaption></figure> <p>全流量分级燃烧循环（Full flow staged combustion，FFSC）是分级燃烧循环的另一种版本，氧化剂和燃料分别由各自的动力涡轮机供压，部分推进剂通过管道互相交换，分别燃烧驱动涡轮机。 </p><p>这种设计下，涡轮机的工作温度更低，因而发动机的寿命得到延长，效率也更高。而且燃烧室的压力可以更大，支持更大的<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%86%B2" title="比冲">比冲</a>。苏联曾率先研制过采用该类型循环的火箭发动机“<a href="/wiki/RD-270" title="RD-270">RD-270</a>”，而目前采用该类型循环的发动机是正在研制的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%86%E6%88%90%E5%8A%A8%E5%8A%9B%E9%AA%8C%E8%AF%81%E5%99%A8" title="集成动力验证器">集成动力验证器</a>和已经研制成功的<a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%9B%E7%A6%BD%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD%E7%99%BC%E5%8B%95%E6%A9%9F" title="猛禽火箭發動機">猛禽火箭發動機</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参见"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A7.81"></span>参见</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%86%E7%BA%A7%E7%87%83%E7%83%A7%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：参见"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%86%A8%E8%83%80%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF" title="膨胀循环">膨胀循环</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%87%83%E6%B0%94%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%99%A8%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF" title="燃气发生器循环">燃气发生器循环</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%A4%E5%8E%8B%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF" title="挤压循环">挤压循环</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="註釋"><span id=".E8.A8.BB.E9.87.8B"></span>註釋</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%86%E7%BA%A7%E7%87%83%E7%83%A7%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：註釋"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-plane-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-plane_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">United States General Accounting Office. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=P4o3yHwDM_EC&pg=PA145">Aerospace Plane Technologies: R&D in Japan & Australia</a>. DIANE Publishing. 1994: 145. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/1-56806-059-9" title="Special:网络书源/1-56806-059-9"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 1-56806-059-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%88%86%E7%BA%A7%E7%87%83%E7%83%A7%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF&rft.au=United+States+General+Accounting+Office&rft.btitle=Aerospace+Plane+Technologies%3A+R%26D+in+Japan+%26+Australia&rft.date=1994&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=1-56806-059-9&rft.pages=145&rft.pub=DIANE+Publishing&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DP4o3yHwDM_EC%26pg%3DPA145&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部链接"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.93.BE.E6.8E.A5"></span>外部链接</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%86%E7%BA%A7%E7%87%83%E7%83%A7%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：外部链接"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120414212704/http://www.aero.org/publications/crosslink/winter2004/03_sidebar3.html">火箭动力循环</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060319140225/http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2005/14oct_betterrocket.htm?list804693">Nasa的全流量分级燃烧循环介绍</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output 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href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%99%A8%E6%8E%A8%E8%BF%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:航天器推进（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%99%A8%E6%8E%A8%E8%BF%9B" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:航天器推进"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="航天器推进" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%99%A8%E6%8E%A8%E8%BF%9B" title="航天器推进">航天器推进</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">化学能<br />火箭</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">状态</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%B2%E4%BD%93%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD%E5%8F%91%E5%8A%A8%E6%9C%BA" title="液体火箭发动机">液体火箭发动机</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E9%AB%94%E7%87%83%E6%96%99%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD" title="固體燃料火箭">固體燃料火箭</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%B7%E5%90%88%E5%BC%8F%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD" title="混合式火箭">混合式火箭</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">推进剂</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%B2%E4%BD%93%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD%E6%8E%A8%E8%BF%9B%E5%89%82" title="液体火箭推进剂">液体火箭推进剂</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Cryogenic_Rocket_Engine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cryogenic Rocket Engine（页面不存在）">Cryogenic</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypergolic_propellant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hypergolic propellant（页面不存在）">Hypergolic</a>)<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E7%BB%84%E5%85%83%E6%8E%A8%E8%BF%9B%E5%89%82" title="单组元推进剂">单组元</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%B2%E4%BD%93%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD%E5%8F%91%E5%8A%A8%E6%9C%BA" title="液体火箭发动机">双组元</a> (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">分级燃烧循环</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%86%A8%E8%83%80%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF" title="膨胀循环">膨胀循环</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%87%83%E6%B0%94%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E5%99%A8%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF" title="燃气发生器循环">燃气发生器循环</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%A4%E5%8E%8B%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF" title="挤压循环">挤压循环</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%BD%E6%B0%94%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF" title="抽气循环">抽气循环</a>)<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="三组元推进剂火箭" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Tripropellant rocket"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%89%E7%BB%84%E5%85%83%E6%8E%A8%E8%BF%9B%E5%89%82%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="三组元推进剂火箭（页面不存在）">三组元</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tripropellant_rocket" class="extiw" title="en:Tripropellant rocket"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tripropellant rocket</span></a></span>）</span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%8B%95%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E6%8E%A8%E9%80%B2" title="電動航天推進">电<br />推力器</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">静电</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="胶体推力器" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Colloid thruster"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%83%B6%E4%BD%93%E6%8E%A8%E5%8A%9B%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="胶体推力器（页面不存在）">胶体推力器</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloid_thruster" class="extiw" title="en:Colloid thruster"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Colloid thruster</span></a></span>）</span></span><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90%E6%8E%A8%E5%8A%9B%E5%99%A8" title="离子推力器">离子推力器</a> (<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="静电离子推力器" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Electrostatic ion thruster"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9D%99%E7%94%B5%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90%E6%8E%A8%E5%8A%9B%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="静电离子推力器（页面不存在）">静电离子推力器</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrostatic_ion_thruster" class="extiw" title="en:Electrostatic ion thruster"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Electrostatic ion thruster</span></a></span>）</span></span><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E5%B0%94%E6%95%88%E5%BA%94%E6%8E%A8%E8%BF%9B%E5%99%A8" title="霍尔效应推进器">霍尔效应推进器</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Field_Emission_Electric_Propulsion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Field Emission Electric Propulsion（页面不存在）">Field Emission Electric Propulsion</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">电磁</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="脉冲引射推进技术" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Pulsed inductive thruster"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%84%89%E5%86%B2%E5%BC%95%E5%B0%84%E6%8E%A8%E8%BF%9B%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="脉冲引射推进技术（页面不存在）">脉冲引射推进</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulsed_inductive_thruster" class="extiw" title="en:Pulsed inductive thruster"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Pulsed inductive thruster</span></a></span>）</span></span><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81%E7%AD%89%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%A8%E5%8A%9B%E6%8E%A8%E5%8A%9B%E5%99%A8" title="磁等离子体动力推力器">磁等离子体动力推力器</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Electrodeless_plasma_thruster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electrodeless plasma thruster（页面不存在）">Electrodeless plasma thruster</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">电热</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulsed_plasma_thruster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulsed plasma thruster（页面不存在）">Pulsed plasma thruster</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Helicon_Double_Layer_Thruster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Helicon Double Layer Thruster（页面不存在）">Helicon double-layer thruster</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%BC%A7%E5%99%B4%E5%B0%84%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD" title="電弧噴射火箭">電弧噴射火箭</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E5%8F%98%E6%AF%94%E5%86%B2%E7%A3%81%E7%AD%89%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BD%93%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD" title="可变比冲磁等离子体火箭">可变比冲磁等离子体火箭</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=MagBeam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MagBeam（页面不存在）">MagBeam</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Resistojet_rocket&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Resistojet rocket（页面不存在）">Resistojet rocket</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=High_Power_Electric_Propulsion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="High Power Electric Propulsion（页面不存在）">High-power electric propulsion</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E9%87%8F%E6%8A%95%E5%B0%84%E5%99%A8" title="質量投射器">質量投射器</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">核能<br />推进</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">闭合系统</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;evenodd:swap"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E7%94%B5%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD" title="核电火箭">核电火箭</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E7%83%AD%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD" title="核热火箭">核热火箭</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Radioisotope_rocket&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Radioisotope rocket（页面不存在）">Radioisotope</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E7%9B%90%E6%B0%B4%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD" title="核盐水火箭">盐水</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="气芯反应堆火箭" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Gas core reactor rocket"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%94%E8%8A%AF%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94%E5%A0%86%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="气芯反应堆火箭（页面不存在）">气芯</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_core_reactor_rocket" class="extiw" title="en:Gas core reactor rocket"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Gas core reactor rocket</span></a></span>）</span></span><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuclear_lightbulb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nuclear lightbulb（页面不存在）">"Lightbulb"</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">开放系统</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E8%84%89%E5%86%B2%E6%8E%A8%E8%BF%9B" title="核脉冲推进">核脉冲推进</a> (<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="反物质催化核脉冲推进" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Antimatter catalyzed nuclear pulse propulsion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8D%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8%E5%82%AC%E5%8C%96%E6%A0%B8%E8%84%89%E5%86%B2%E6%8E%A8%E8%BF%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="反物质催化核脉冲推进（页面不存在）">反物质催化核脉冲推进</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimatter_catalyzed_nuclear_pulse_propulsion" class="extiw" title="en:Antimatter catalyzed nuclear pulse propulsion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Antimatter catalyzed nuclear pulse propulsion</span></a></span>）</span></span>)<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E8%81%9A%E5%8F%98%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD" title="核聚变火箭">核聚变火箭</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%90%A8%E5%BE%B7%E5%86%B2%E5%8E%8B%E5%8F%91%E5%8A%A8%E6%9C%BA" title="巴萨德冲压发动机">巴薩德衝壓發動機</a>)<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="裂变碎片火箭" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Fission-fragment rocket"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A3%82%E5%8F%98%E7%A2%8E%E7%89%87%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="裂变碎片火箭（页面不存在）">裂变碎片火箭</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fission-fragment_rocket" class="extiw" title="en:Fission-fragment rocket"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Fission-fragment rocket</span></a></span>）</span></span> (<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="裂变帆" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Fission sail"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A3%82%E5%8F%98%E5%B8%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="裂变帆（页面不存在）">裂变帆</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fission_sail" class="extiw" title="en:Fission sail"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Fission sail</span></a></span>）</span></span>)<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="核光子火箭" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Nuclear photonic rocket"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A0%B8%E5%85%89%E5%AD%90%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="核光子火箭（页面不存在）">核光子火箭</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_photonic_rocket" class="extiw" title="en:Nuclear photonic rocket"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nuclear photonic rocket</span></a></span>）</span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E5%B8%86" title="太阳帆">太陽帆</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%8B%95%E5%B8%86" title="電動帆">電動帆</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81%E5%8C%96%E5%B8%86" title="磁化帆">磁化帆</a>)<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="束能推进" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Beam-powered propulsion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%9F%E8%83%BD%E6%8E%A8%E8%BF%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="束能推进（页面不存在）">束能推进</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beam-powered_propulsion" class="extiw" title="en:Beam-powered propulsion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Beam-powered propulsion</span></a></span>）</span></span><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="太阳热力火箭" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Solar thermal rocket"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="太阳热力火箭（页面不存在）">太阳热力火箭</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_thermal_rocket" class="extiw" title="en:Solar thermal rocket"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Solar thermal rocket</span></a></span>）</span></span><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E7%BA%9C%E7%B4%A2" title="太空纜索">太空纜索</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%8A%9B%E5%8A%A9%E6%8E%A8" title="重力助推">重力助推</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E5%B7%A5%E8%B4%A8%E5%9E%8B%E5%8F%91%E5%8A%A8%E6%9C%BA" title="无工质型发动机">无工质型发动机</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B2%E9%80%9F%E5%BC%95%E6%93%8E" title="曲速引擎">曲速引擎</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%BA%AB%E5%88%A5%E7%91%9E%E5%BC%95%E6%93%8E" title="阿庫別瑞引擎">阿庫別瑞引擎</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%84%E9%A0%BB%E5%85%B1%E6%8C%AF%E7%A9%BA%E8%85%94%E6%8E%A8%E9%80%B2%E5%99%A8" title="射頻共振空腔推進器">射頻共振空腔推進器</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9" title="Portal:航天">航天主题</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" 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