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margin-top: -1px"/></li> <li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li> <li class="switchers"> <div class="language_switcher_placeholder"></div> <div class="version_switcher_placeholder"></div> </li> <li> </li> <li id="cpython-language-and-version"> <a href="../index.html">3.13.0 Documentation</a> » </li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >Python/C API Reference Manual</a> »</li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-2"><a href="abstract.html" accesskey="U">Abstract Objects Layer</a> »</li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-this"><a href="">Mapping Protocol</a></li> <li class="right"> <div class="inline-search" role="search"> <form class="inline-search" action="../search.html" method="get"> <input placeholder="Quick search" aria-label="Quick search" type="search" name="q" id="search-box" /> <input type="submit" value="Go" /> </form> </div> | </li> <li class="right"> <label class="theme-selector-label"> Theme <select class="theme-selector" oninput="activateTheme(this.value)"> <option value="auto" selected>Auto</option> <option value="light">Light</option> <option value="dark">Dark</option> </select> </label> |</li> </ul> </div> <div class="document"> <div class="documentwrapper"> <div class="bodywrapper"> <div class="body" role="main"> <section id="mapping-protocol"> <h1>Mapping Protocol<a class="headerlink" href="#mapping-protocol" title="Link to this heading">露</a></h1> See also <a class="reference internal" href="object.html#c.PyObject_GetItem" title="PyObject_GetItem"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate">PyObject_GetItem()</code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="object.html#c.PyObject_SetItem" title="PyObject_SetItem"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate">PyObject_SetItem()</code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="object.html#c.PyObject_DelItem" title="PyObject_DelItem"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate">PyObject_DelItem()</code></a>. <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMapping_Check"> int PyMapping_Check(<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a> *o)<a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMapping_Check" title="Link to this definition">露</a> </dt> <dd> Part of the <a class="reference internal" href="stable.html#stable">Stable ABI</a>.Return <code class="docutils literal notranslate">1</code> if the object provides the mapping protocol or supports slicing, and <code class="docutils literal notranslate">0</code> otherwise. Note that it returns <code class="docutils literal notranslate">1</code> for Python classes with a <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#object.__getitem__" title="object.__getitem__"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">__getitem__()</code></a> method, since in general it is impossible to determine what type of keys the class supports. This function always succeeds. </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMapping_Size"> <a class="reference internal" href="intro.html#c.Py_ssize_t" title="Py_ssize_t">Py_ssize_t</a> PyMapping_Size(<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a> *o)<a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMapping_Size" title="Link to this definition">露</a> </dt> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMapping_Length"> <a class="reference internal" href="intro.html#c.Py_ssize_t" title="Py_ssize_t">Py_ssize_t</a> PyMapping_Length(<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a> *o)<a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMapping_Length" title="Link to this definition">露</a> </dt> <dd> Part of the <a class="reference internal" href="stable.html#stable">Stable ABI</a>.Returns the number of keys in object o on success, and <code class="docutils literal notranslate">-1</code> on failure. This is equivalent to the Python expression <code class="docutils literal notranslate">len(o)</code>. </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMapping_GetItemString"> <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a> *PyMapping_GetItemString(<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a> *o, const char *key)<a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMapping_GetItemString" title="Link to this definition">露</a> </dt> <dd>Return value: New reference. Part of the <a class="reference internal" href="stable.html#stable">Stable ABI</a>.This is the same as <a class="reference internal" href="object.html#c.PyObject_GetItem" title="PyObject_GetItem"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate">PyObject_GetItem()</code></a>, but key is specified as a const char* UTF-8 encoded bytes string, rather than a <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a>*. </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMapping_GetOptionalItem"> int PyMapping_GetOptionalItem(<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a> *obj, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a> *key, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a> **result)<a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMapping_GetOptionalItem" title="Link to this definition">露</a> </dt> <dd> Part of the <a class="reference internal" href="stable.html#stable">Stable ABI</a> since version 3.13.Variant of <a class="reference internal" href="object.html#c.PyObject_GetItem" title="PyObject_GetItem"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate">PyObject_GetItem()</code></a> which doesn鈥檛 raise <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#KeyError" title="KeyError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">KeyError</code></a> if the key is not found. If the key is found, return <code class="docutils literal notranslate">1</code> and set *result to a new <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-strong-reference">strong reference</a> to the corresponding value. If the key is not found, return <code class="docutils literal notranslate">0</code> and set *result to <code class="docutils literal notranslate">NULL</code>; the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#KeyError" title="KeyError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">KeyError</code></a> is silenced. If an error other than <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#KeyError" title="KeyError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate">KeyError</code></a> is raised, return <code class="docutils literal notranslate">-1</code> and set *result to <code class="docutils literal notranslate">NULL</code>. <div class="versionadded"> Added in version 3.13. </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMapping_GetOptionalItemString"> int PyMapping_GetOptionalItemString(<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a> *obj, const char *key, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a> **result)<a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMapping_GetOptionalItemString" title="Link to this definition">露</a> </dt> <dd> Part of the <a class="reference internal" href="stable.html#stable">Stable ABI</a> since version 3.13.This is the same as <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyMapping_GetOptionalItem" title="PyMapping_GetOptionalItem"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate">PyMapping_GetOptionalItem()</code></a>, but key is specified as a const char* UTF-8 encoded bytes string, rather than a <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a>*. <div class="versionadded"> Added in version 3.13. </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMapping_SetItemString"> int PyMapping_SetItemString(<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a> *o, const char *key, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a> *v)<a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMapping_SetItemString" title="Link to this definition">露</a> </dt> <dd> Part of the <a class="reference internal" href="stable.html#stable">Stable ABI</a>.This is the same as <a class="reference internal" href="object.html#c.PyObject_SetItem" title="PyObject_SetItem"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate">PyObject_SetItem()</code></a>, but key is specified as a const char* UTF-8 encoded bytes string, rather than a <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a>*. </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMapping_DelItem"> int PyMapping_DelItem(<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a> *o, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a> *key)<a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMapping_DelItem" title="Link to this definition">露</a> </dt> <dd>This is an alias of <a class="reference internal" href="object.html#c.PyObject_DelItem" title="PyObject_DelItem"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate">PyObject_DelItem()</code></a>. </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMapping_DelItemString"> int PyMapping_DelItemString(<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a> *o, const char *key)<a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMapping_DelItemString" title="Link to this definition">露</a> </dt> <dd>This is the same as <a class="reference internal" href="object.html#c.PyObject_DelItem" title="PyObject_DelItem"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate">PyObject_DelItem()</code></a>, but key is specified as a const char* UTF-8 encoded bytes string, rather than a <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a>*. </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMapping_HasKeyWithError"> int PyMapping_HasKeyWithError(<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a> *o, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a> *key)<a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMapping_HasKeyWithError" title="Link to this definition">露</a> </dt> <dd> Part of the <a class="reference internal" href="stable.html#stable">Stable ABI</a> since version 3.13.Return <code class="docutils literal notranslate">1</code> if the mapping object has the key key and <code class="docutils literal notranslate">0</code> otherwise. This is equivalent to the Python expression <code class="docutils literal notranslate">key in o</code>. On failure, return <code class="docutils literal notranslate">-1</code>. <div class="versionadded"> Added in version 3.13. </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMapping_HasKeyStringWithError"> int PyMapping_HasKeyStringWithError(<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a> *o, const char *key)<a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMapping_HasKeyStringWithError" title="Link to this definition">露</a> </dt> <dd> Part of the <a class="reference internal" href="stable.html#stable">Stable ABI</a> since version 3.13.This is the same as <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyMapping_HasKeyWithError" title="PyMapping_HasKeyWithError"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate">PyMapping_HasKeyWithError()</code></a>, but key is specified as a const char* UTF-8 encoded bytes string, rather than a <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a>*. <div class="versionadded"> Added in version 3.13. </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMapping_HasKey"> int PyMapping_HasKey(<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a> *o, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a> *key)<a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMapping_HasKey" title="Link to this definition">露</a> </dt> <dd> Part of the <a class="reference internal" href="stable.html#stable">Stable ABI</a>.Return <code class="docutils literal notranslate">1</code> if the mapping object has the key key and <code class="docutils literal notranslate">0</code> otherwise. This is equivalent to the Python expression <code class="docutils literal notranslate">key in o</code>. This function always succeeds. <div class="admonition note"> Note Exceptions which occur when this calls <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#object.__getitem__" title="object.__getitem__"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">__getitem__()</code></a> method are silently ignored. For proper error handling, use <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyMapping_HasKeyWithError" title="PyMapping_HasKeyWithError"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate">PyMapping_HasKeyWithError()</code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyMapping_GetOptionalItem" title="PyMapping_GetOptionalItem"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate">PyMapping_GetOptionalItem()</code></a> or <a class="reference internal" href="object.html#c.PyObject_GetItem" title="PyObject_GetItem"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate">PyObject_GetItem()</code></a> instead. </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMapping_HasKeyString"> int PyMapping_HasKeyString(<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a> *o, const char *key)<a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMapping_HasKeyString" title="Link to this definition">露</a> </dt> <dd> Part of the <a class="reference internal" href="stable.html#stable">Stable ABI</a>.This is the same as <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyMapping_HasKey" title="PyMapping_HasKey"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate">PyMapping_HasKey()</code></a>, but key is specified as a const char* UTF-8 encoded bytes string, rather than a <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a>*. <div class="admonition note"> Note Exceptions that occur when this calls <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#object.__getitem__" title="object.__getitem__"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate">__getitem__()</code></a> method or while creating the temporary <a class="reference internal" href="../library/stdtypes.html#str" title="str"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate">str</code></a> object are silently ignored. For proper error handling, use <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyMapping_HasKeyStringWithError" title="PyMapping_HasKeyStringWithError"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate">PyMapping_HasKeyStringWithError()</code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyMapping_GetOptionalItemString" title="PyMapping_GetOptionalItemString"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate">PyMapping_GetOptionalItemString()</code></a> or <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyMapping_GetItemString" title="PyMapping_GetItemString"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate">PyMapping_GetItemString()</code></a> instead. </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMapping_Keys"> <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a> *PyMapping_Keys(<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a> *o)<a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMapping_Keys" title="Link to this definition">露</a> </dt> <dd>Return value: New reference. Part of the <a class="reference internal" href="stable.html#stable">Stable ABI</a>.On success, return a list of the keys in object o. On failure, return <code class="docutils literal notranslate">NULL</code>. <div class="versionchanged"> Changed in version 3.7: Previously, the function returned a list or a tuple. </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMapping_Values"> <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a> *PyMapping_Values(<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a> *o)<a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMapping_Values" title="Link to this definition">露</a> </dt> <dd>Return value: New reference. Part of the <a class="reference internal" href="stable.html#stable">Stable ABI</a>.On success, return a list of the values in object o. On failure, return <code class="docutils literal notranslate">NULL</code>. <div class="versionchanged"> Changed in version 3.7: Previously, the function returned a list or a tuple. </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="c function"> <dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMapping_Items"> <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a> *PyMapping_Items(<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a> *o)<a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMapping_Items" title="Link to this definition">露</a> </dt> <dd>Return value: New reference. Part of the <a class="reference internal" href="stable.html#stable">Stable ABI</a>.On success, return a list of the items in object o, where each item is a tuple containing a key-value pair. On failure, return <code class="docutils literal notranslate">NULL</code>. <div class="versionchanged"> Changed in version 3.7: Previously, the function returned a list or a tuple. </div> </dd></dl> </section> <div class="clearer"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sphinxsidebar" role="navigation" aria-label="Main"> <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper"> <div> <h4>Previous topic</h4> <a href="sequence.html" title="previous chapter">Sequence Protocol</a> </div> <div> <h4>Next topic</h4> <a href="iter.html" title="next chapter">Iterator Protocol</a> </div> <div role="note" aria-label="source link"> <h3>This Page</h3> <ul class="this-page-menu"> <li><a href="../bugs.html">Report a Bug</a></li> <li> <a href="https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/main/Doc/c-api/mapping.rst" rel="nofollow">Show Source </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="sidebarbutton" title="Collapse sidebar"> 芦 </div> </div> <div class="clearer"></div> </div> <div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="Related"> <h3>Navigation</h3> <ul> <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px"> <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index" >index</a></li> <li class="right" > <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index" >modules</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="iter.html" title="Iterator Protocol" >next</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="sequence.html" title="Sequence Protocol" >previous</a> |</li> <li><img src="../_static/py.svg" alt="Python logo" style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li> <li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li> <li class="switchers"> <div class="language_switcher_placeholder"></div> <div class="version_switcher_placeholder"></div> </li> <li> </li> <li id="cpython-language-and-version"> <a href="../index.html">3.13.0 Documentation</a> » </li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >Python/C API Reference Manual</a> »</li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-2"><a href="abstract.html" >Abstract Objects Layer</a> »</li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-this"><a href="">Mapping Protocol</a></li> <li class="right"> <div class="inline-search" role="search"> <form class="inline-search" action="../search.html" method="get"> <input placeholder="Quick search" aria-label="Quick search" type="search" name="q" id="search-box" /> <input type="submit" value="Go" /> </form> </div> | </li> <li class="right"> <label class="theme-selector-label"> Theme <select class="theme-selector" oninput="activateTheme(this.value)"> <option value="auto" selected>Auto</option> <option value="light">Light</option> <option value="dark">Dark</option> </select> </label> |</li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer"> © <a href="../copyright.html"> Copyright </a> 2001-2024, Python Software Foundation. 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