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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ukrainian mafia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Umbrella term for Ukrainian organized crime groups</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Criminal organization</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Ukrainian mafia</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">Early 1990s</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founding location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Territory</th><td class="infobox-data">Active in many parts of <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Europe" title="Eastern Europe">Eastern Europe</a>, in the former Soviet Union, <a href="/wiki/Western_Europe" title="Western Europe">Western Europe</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> (mostly <a href="/wiki/Brighton_Beach" title="Brighton Beach">Brighton Beach</a> and <a href="/wiki/Miami" title="Miami">Miami</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ethnicity</th><td class="infobox-data">Predominantly <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Jews" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian Jews">Ukrainian Jews</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ukrainians" title="Ukrainians">Ukrainians</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Criminal activities</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Racketeering" title="Racketeering">Racketeering</a>, <a href="/wiki/Drug_trafficking" class="mw-redirect" title="Drug trafficking">drug trafficking</a>, <a href="/wiki/Entryism" title="Entryism">entryism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Extortion" title="Extortion">extortion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Loan_sharking" class="mw-redirect" title="Loan sharking">loan sharking</a>, <a href="/wiki/Murder" title="Murder">murder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking" title="Human trafficking">human trafficking</a>, <a href="/wiki/Construction_management" title="Construction management">construction management</a>, <a href="/wiki/Money_laundering" title="Money laundering">money laundering</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robbery" title="Robbery">robbery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smuggling" title="Smuggling">bootlegging</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arms_trafficking" title="Arms trafficking">arms trafficking</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gambling" title="Gambling">gambling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bribery" title="Bribery">bribery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fence_(criminal)" title="Fence (criminal)">fencing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prostitution" title="Prostitution">prostitution</a>, <a href="/wiki/Theft" title="Theft">theft</a>, <a href="/wiki/Skimming_(fraud)" title="Skimming (fraud)">skimming</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pornography" title="Pornography">pornography</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fraud" title="Fraud">fraud</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Allies</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Russian_mafia" title="Russian mafia">Russian mafia</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Camorra" title="Camorra">Camorra</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%27Ndrangheta" title="'Ndrangheta">'Ndrangheta</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_mafia" title="Bulgarian mafia">Bulgarian mafia</a><br /><a href="/wiki/American_Mafia" title="American Mafia">American Mafia</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Power" title="Armenian Power">Armenian Power</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Triad_(underground_society)" class="mw-redirect" title="Triad (underground society)">Triads</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Serbian_mafia" title="Serbian mafia">Serbian mafia</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Romanian_mafia" title="Romanian mafia">Romanian mafia</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Israeli_mafia" title="Israeli mafia">Israeli mafia</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Sicilian_Mafia" title="Sicilian Mafia">Sicilian Mafia</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Ukrainian mafia</b> (<a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian</a>: Українська мафія) is a collective of various organized crime related elements originating in <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>. Such organizations are regarded as one of the most influential types of organized crime coming out of the former <a href="/wiki/USSR" class="mw-redirect" title="USSR">USSR</a>, including also the <a href="/wiki/Russian_mafia" title="Russian mafia">Russian mafia</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Georgian_mafia" title="Georgian mafia">Georgian mafia</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Chechen_mafia" title="Chechen mafia">Chechen mafia</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Armenian_mafia" title="Armenian mafia">Armenian mafia</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_mafia" title="Azerbaijani mafia">Azerbaijani mafia</a>. Ukrainian criminal organizations are involved in a significant number of illegal activities. Although Ukrainian criminal organizations are for the most part independently operating enterprises, they are sometimes connected with <a href="/wiki/Russian_mafia" title="Russian mafia">Russian mafia</a> organizations, such as the case with <a href="/wiki/Semyon_Mogilevich" class="mw-redirect" title="Semyon Mogilevich">Semyon Mogilevich</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukrainian_mafia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following the collapse of the former <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>, there were large stockpiles of arms left in <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>. The rise of the Ukrainian mafia came from their participation in the illicit international trafficking in these arms. Between 1992 and 1998, some $32 billion in military material disappeared from military depots in Ukraine and ended up primarily in <a href="/wiki/West_Africa" title="West Africa">West Africa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asia</a>. At the time Ukrainian criminal organizations were also alleged to have trafficked weapons to war-torn places such as Afghanistan.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From trafficking in arms, Ukrainian crime syndicates entered into the international trade in illegal drugs, becoming a major player in the narcotics traffic from <a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asia</a> to <a href="/wiki/Central_Europe" title="Central Europe">Central Europe</a>. The reach of the Ukrainian criminal organizations has been reported from Central European countries such as the <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a>, where they're involved in prostitution, to North American countries and Israel, where they found a significant power base following the mass immigration of <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Jews" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian Jews">Ukrainian Jews</a>, most of whom were law-abiding citizens, but also included criminal elements intent on profiting illegally from the open borders.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 2000s, the Ukrainian mafia cooperated with the Neapolitan <a href="/wiki/Camorra" title="Camorra">Camorra</a> in the cigarette smuggling business. The Ukrainians would smuggle the cigarettes from Ukraine and <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Europe" title="Eastern Europe">Eastern Europe</a> into <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, where with the help of the Camorra it supplied the <a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Neapolitan</a> market.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In recent years, the Camorra <a href="/wiki/Contini_clan" title="Contini clan">Contini clan</a> is said to have cooperated in the same scheme with the Ukrainians.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ol><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ol> <p>The most infamous and well known form of Ukrainian organized crime is the so-called <b>Odesa mafia</b> named after the Black Sea port city of <a href="/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa">Odesa</a>. Odesa is an infamous smugglers' haven and a key hub in post-Soviet global trafficking networks, not the least of which is moving Europe-bound Afghan heroin arriving from the Caucasus. Even in Ukraine's west, gangs are often closely involved in the lucrative trafficking of heroin, people, and counterfeit cigarettes into Europe, sometimes in cooperation with <a href="/wiki/Russian_mafia" title="Russian mafia">Russian mafia</a> gangs.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Odesa traditionally had an ancient culture of banditry, dating back to the large and impoverished Jewish population. Famous writers such as <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Babel" title="Isaac Babel">Isaac Babel</a> often wrote about the infamous exploits of Jewish gangsters, thieves and crime lords in the port city.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 20th century thuggery made way for sophisticated organized crime when local crime lords began to use the city's sprawling port to their advantage. The at first locally active <i>Odesa mafia</i>, sometimes also called the <b>Malina</b>, became well known when it first branched out to <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> and later to <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>, when both countries gave the opportunity for Soviet Jews to emigrate. Many people from Odesa's Jewish population migrated abroad, among them a significant number of the city's most infamous career criminals. Although the gang was born in the city of Odesa, it has since established most of its headquarters in cities such as <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, <a href="/wiki/Miami" title="Miami">Miami</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tel_Aviv" title="Tel Aviv">Tel Aviv</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antwerp" title="Antwerp">Antwerp</a> and <a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a> with brigades composed of former Odesan or Odesa-connected criminals active in a large number of other cities.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1990s a powerful gang led by <i>Alexander Angert</i>, known as the Don of Odesa, <a href="/wiki/Gennadiy_Trukhanov" title="Gennadiy Trukhanov">Gennadiy Trukhanov</a>, now the current mayor of Odesa, and Nickolay Fomichev established a large drug and arms trafficking scheme, after they made money in the oil industry. The gang branched out into Europe, using Italy as a base of their operations.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the authorities, the notorious arms dealer <a href="/wiki/Leonid_Minin" title="Leonid Minin">Leonid Minin</a> was also involved in the scheme.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> the Odesa mafia is based in the <a href="/wiki/Brighton_Beach" title="Brighton Beach">Brighton Beach</a> district of Brooklyn, New York. It is regarded as the most powerful post-Soviet criminal organization in the US and has since expanded its operations to <a href="/wiki/Miami" title="Miami">Miami</a>, <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> and the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay" title="San Francisco Bay">San Francisco Bay</a> area, where it has established connections with local Armenian and Israeli crime figures. It's known for being a very secretive organization and is involved in protection rackets, loan-sharking, murder-for-hire, narcotics trafficking, as well as the infamous fuel tax fraud rackets.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nonetheless a large amount of Odesa mafia-connected gangsters have become part of the US' criminal folklore, examples being <a href="/wiki/Marat_Balagula" title="Marat Balagula">Marat Balagula</a>, <a href="/wiki/Evsei_Agron" title="Evsei Agron">Evsei Agron</a> and <a href="/wiki/Boris_Nayfeld" title="Boris Nayfeld">Boris Nayfeld</a>. Feuds, often resulting in extreme violence, happened in the 1980s and 1990s between Odesa gangsters such as the internal war between Balagula and Agron at first, and later on between the Nayfeld brothers and Monya Elson.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukrainian_mafia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The Odesa Mob, or Odesa crime family, first appeared in <i><a href="/wiki/Detective_Comics" title="Detective Comics">Detective Comics</a></i> edition #742 in March 2000 and has since featured in numerous <a href="/wiki/List_of_Batman_comics" title="List of Batman comics">Batman titles</a>.</li> <li>The 2000 film <i><a href="/wiki/Brother_2" title="Brother 2">Brother 2</a></i> features the Ukrainian Mafia in <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>.</li> <li>The 2003 film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Italian_Job_(2003_film)" title="The Italian Job (2003 film)">The Italian Job</a></i> features the character Mashkov (played by <a href="/wiki/Olek_Krupa" class="mw-redirect" title="Olek Krupa">Olek Krupa</a>), a high-ranking member of a Los Angeles Ukrainian mafia family.</li> <li>The 2005 film <i><a href="/wiki/Lord_of_War" title="Lord of War">Lord of War</a></i> tells the story of Ukrainian-American arms trafficker Yuri Orlov (played by <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Cage" title="Nicolas Cage">Nicolas Cage</a>, and based on <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Bout" title="Viktor Bout">Viktor Bout</a>).</li> <li>A Ukrainian mafia family called the Zakarov Syndicate, which started out running sweatshops before moving into the crack cocaine trade in Chicago and gaining a foothold in Hong Kong, feature as antagonists in the 2007 video game <i><a href="/wiki/Stranglehold_(video_game)" title="Stranglehold (video game)">Stranglehold</a></i>.</li> <li>The Whisper Gang, a Ukrainian mob group operating in <a href="/wiki/Gotham_City" title="Gotham City">Gotham City</a> and led by Luka Volk, made its first appearance in the <i><a href="/wiki/Batman_(comic_book)" title="Batman (comic book)">Batman</a></i> comics in January 2012 and later featured in the <i><a href="/wiki/Gotham_(TV_series)" title="Gotham (TV series)">Gotham</a></i> TV series' third season (2016).</li> <li>The Miami branch of a Kyiv-based crime syndicate called the Koshka Brotherhood, specializing in heroin and human trafficking, feature as the main antagonists in the <a href="/wiki/Dexter_(season_7)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dexter (season 7)">seventh season</a> of the television series <i><a href="/wiki/Dexter_(TV_series)" title="Dexter (TV series)">Dexter</a></i> (2012).</li> <li>In the TV series <i><a href="/wiki/Banshee_(TV_series)" title="Banshee (TV series)">Banshee</a></i>, they were the main antagonist for the first two seasons. They were led by a crime boss named Rabbit who got the main protagonist Lucas Hood arrested for a jewel heist and had people torture him in prison since he and his daughter Anna tried to steal from him. When Lucas got out of prison, he sent his thugs after him to kill him as well as track down his daughter. After the final shootout with the Ukrainian mob, Rabbit shot himself which ended season 2.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukrainian_mafia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Semyon_Mogilevich" class="mw-redirect" title="Semyon Mogilevich">Semyon Mogilevich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marat_Balagula" title="Marat Balagula">Marat Balagula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evsei_Agron" title="Evsei Agron">Evsei Agron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Nayfeld" title="Boris Nayfeld">Boris Nayfeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mishka_Yaponchik" title="Mishka Yaponchik">Mishka Yaponchik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akhat_Bragin" title="Akhat Bragin">Akhat Bragin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_oligarchs" title="Ukrainian oligarchs">Ukrainian oligarchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Ukraine" title="Corruption in Ukraine">Corruption in Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking_in_Ukraine" title="Human trafficking in Ukraine">Human trafficking in Ukraine</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukrainian_mafia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gangsters%2C+beggars%2C+prostitutes+and+other+inhabitants+of+Jewish+Odessa.&rft.pub=Myjewishlearning.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.myjewishlearning.com%2Fculture%2F2%2FLiterature%2FYiddish_and_Ladino%2FEuropean_Writing%2FIsaac_Babel.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUkrainian+mafia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimon1997" class="citation book cs1">Simon, Rita James (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GN54aY1YVigC&pg=PA147"><i>In the Golden Land</i></a>. VNR AG. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780275957315" title="Special:BookSources/9780275957315"><bdi>9780275957315</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 January</span> 2015</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=In+the+Golden+Land&rft.pub=VNR+AG&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=9780275957315&rft.aulast=Simon&rft.aufirst=Rita+James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGN54aY1YVigC%26pg%3DPA147&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUkrainian+mafia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-43823962">"Paradise Papers: Ukraine crime gang hid proceeds in luxury London flats"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 23 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Paradise+Papers%3A+Ukraine+crime+gang+hid+proceeds+in+luxury+London+flats&rft.date=2018-04-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-43823962&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUkrainian+mafia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.occrp.org/en/paradisepapers/the-odessa-mafias-secret-flats-in-london">"The Odesa Mafia's Secret Flats in London"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Organized_Crime_and_Corruption_Reporting_Project" title="Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project">Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Organized+Crime+and+Corruption+Reporting+Project&rft.atitle=The+Odesa+Mafia%27s+Secret+Flats+in+London&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.occrp.org%2Fen%2Fparadisepapers%2Fthe-odessa-mafias-secret-flats-in-london&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUkrainian+mafia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShantyMishra2008" class="citation book cs1">Shanty, Frank; Mishra, Patit Paban (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-L8B8ydtHZ4C&q=odessa+mafia"><i>Organized Crime</i></a>. Bloomsbury Academic. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781576073377" title="Special:BookSources/9781576073377"><bdi>9781576073377</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 January</span> 2015</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Organized+Crime&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Academic&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9781576073377&rft.aulast=Shanty&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft.au=Mishra%2C+Patit+Paban&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-L8B8ydtHZ4C%26q%3Dodessa%2Bmafia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUkrainian+mafia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/2-dance-bullet-ballet-article-1.762670">"2 DANCE BULLET BALLET"</a>. <i>NY Daily News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NY+Daily+News&rft.atitle=2+DANCE+BULLET+BALLET&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Farchives%2Fnews%2F2-dance-bullet-ballet-article-1.762670&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUkrainian+mafia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Organized_crime_groups_in_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Organized_crime_groups_in_Europe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Organized crime groups in Europe"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Organized_crime_groups_in_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Organized_crime" title="Organized crime">Organized crime</a> groups in Europe</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Balkans</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_mafia" title="Albanian mafia">Albanian mafia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gang_of_%C3%87ole" title="Gang of Çole">Gang of Çole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gang_of_Gaxhai" title="Gang of Gaxhai">Gang of Gaxhai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gang_of_Pusi_i_Mezinit" title="Gang of Pusi i Mezinit">Gang of Pusi i Mezinit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_mafia" title="Bulgarian mafia">Bulgarian mafia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organized_crime_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Organized crime in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnian mafia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_mafia" title="Greek mafia">Greek mafia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_mafia" title="Montenegrin mafia">Montenegrin mafia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_mafia" title="Romanian mafia">Romanian mafia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_mafia" title="Serbian mafia">Serbian mafia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zemun_Clan" title="Zemun Clan">Zemun Clan</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gangs_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Gangs in the United Kingdom">British Isles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Angels_Motorcycle_Club" title="Blue Angels Motorcycle Club">Blue Angels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_firms_(organised_crime)" title="British firms (organised crime)">British firms</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clerkenwell_crime_syndicate" title="Clerkenwell crime syndicate">Clerkenwell crime syndicate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kray_twins" title="Kray twins">Kray firm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyons_Crime_Family" title="Lyons Crime Family">Lyons Crime Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quality_Street_Gang" title="Quality Street Gang">Quality Street Gang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richardson_Gang" title="Richardson Gang">Richardson Gang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitney_gang" title="Whitney gang">Whitney gang</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Mob" title="Irish Mob">Irish Mob</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hutch_Organized_Crime_Gang" title="Hutch Organized Crime Gang">Hutch Organized Crime Gang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keane-Collopy" title="Keane-Collopy">Keane-Collopy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinahan_Organised_Crime_Group" title="Kinahan Organised Crime Group">Kinahan Organised Crime Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McCarthy-Dundon" title="McCarthy-Dundon">McCarthy-Dundon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Westies_(Irish_gang)" title="The Westies (Irish gang)">Westies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satans_Slaves_Motorcycle_Club" title="Satans Slaves Motorcycle Club">Satans Slaves</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Crime in the Czech Republic">Czechia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Radovan_Krej%C4%8D%C3%AD%C5%99" title="Radovan Krejčíř">Krejčíř organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franti%C5%A1ek_Mr%C3%A1zek" title="František Mrázek">Mrázek organization</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Denmark" title="Crime in Denmark">Denmark</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AK81" title="AK81">AK81</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Cobra_(gang)" title="Black Cobra (gang)">Black Cobra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loyal_to_Familia" title="Loyal to Familia">Loyal to Familia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X-Team" title="X-Team">X-Team</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Finland" title="Crime in Finland">Finland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannonball_Motorcycle_Club" title="Cannonball Motorcycle Club">Cannonball</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Organized_crime_in_France" title="Organized crime in France">France</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corsican_mafia" title="Corsican mafia">Corsican mafia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gang_de_la_Brise_de_Mer" title="Gang de la Brise de Mer">Gang de la Brise de Mer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petit_Bar_Gang" title="Petit Bar Gang">Petit Bar Gang</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milieu_(organized_crime_in_France)" class="mw-redirect" title="Milieu (organized crime in France)"><i>Milieu</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comit%C3%A9_R%C3%A9gional_d%27Action_Viticole" title="Comité Régional d'Action Viticole">Comité Régional d'Action Viticole</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Organized_crime_in_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Organized crime in Germany">Germany</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/36_Boys" title="36 Boys">36 Boys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Zein_crime_family" title="Al-Zein crime family">Al-Zein crime family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Jackets" title="Black Jackets">Black Jackets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gremium_Motorcycle_Club" title="Gremium Motorcycle Club">Gremium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miri-Clan" title="Miri-Clan">Miri-Clan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osmanen_Germania" title="Osmanen Germania">Osmanen Germania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ringvereine" title="Ringvereine">Ringvereine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Organized_crime_in_Italy" title="Organized crime in Italy">Italy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banda_della_Magliana" title="Banda della Magliana">Banda della Magliana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banda_della_Comasina" title="Banda della Comasina">Banda della Comasina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilischi" title="Basilischi">Basilischi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camorra" title="Camorra">Camorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casamonica_clan" title="Casamonica clan">Casamonica clan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mala_del_Brenta" class="mw-redirect" title="Mala del Brenta">Mala del Brenta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mafia_Capitale" title="Mafia Capitale">Mafia Capitale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%27Ndrangheta" title="'Ndrangheta">'Ndrangheta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacra_Corona_Unita" title="Sacra Corona Unita">Sacra Corona Unita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capriati_clan" title="Capriati clan">Capriati clan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strisciuglio_clan" title="Strisciuglio clan">Strisciuglio clan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sardinian_banditry" title="Sardinian banditry">Sardinian banditry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anonima_sarda" title="Anonima sarda">Anonima sarda</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sicilian_Mafia" title="Sicilian Mafia">Sicilian Mafia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Societ%C3%A0_foggiana" title="Società foggiana">Società foggiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stidda" title="Stidda">Stidda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Uno_Gang" title="White Uno Gang">White Uno Gang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Organized_crime_in_the_Netherlands" title="Organized crime in the Netherlands">The Netherlands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hopi_Boys" title="Hopi Boys">Hopi Boys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No_Surrender_Motorcycle_Club" title="No Surrender Motorcycle Club">No Surrender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penose" class="mw-redirect" title="Penose">Penose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satudarah" title="Satudarah">Satudarah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Poland" title="Crime in Poland">Poland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pruszk%C3%B3w_mafia" title="Pruszków mafia">Pruszków mafia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Slovakia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_mafia" title="Slovak mafia">Slovak mafia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galician_mafia" class="mw-redirect" title="Galician mafia">Galician mafia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Los_Charlines" title="Los Charlines">Los Charlines</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Organized_crime_in_Sweden" title="Organized crime in Sweden">Sweden</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Br%C3%B6draskapet" title="Brödraskapet">Brödraskapet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%B6dspatrullen" title="Dödspatrullen">Dödspatrullen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foxtrot_(criminal_network)" title="Foxtrot (criminal network)">Foxtrot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fucked_For_Life" title="Fucked For Life">Fucked For Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naserligan" title="Naserligan">Naserligan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Original_Gangsters_(gang)" title="Original Gangsters (gang)">Original Gangsters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B6dert%C3%A4ljen%C3%A4tverket" title="Södertäljenätverket">Södertäljenätverket</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Post-Soviet states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_mafia" title="Armenian mafia">Armenian mafia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_mafia" title="Azerbaijani mafia">Azerbaijani mafia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chechen_mafia" title="Chechen mafia">Chechen mafia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_mafia" title="Georgian mafia">Georgian mafia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_mafia" title="Russian mafia">Russian mafia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brothers%27_Circle" title="Brothers' Circle">Brothers' Circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orekhovskaya_gang" title="Orekhovskaya gang">Orekhovskaya gang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solntsevskaya_Bratva" title="Solntsevskaya Bratva">Solntsevskaya Bratva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tambovskaya_Bratva" title="Tambovskaya Bratva">Tambovskaya Bratva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uralmash_gang" title="Uralmash gang">Uralmash gang</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thief_in_law" title="Thief in law">Thief in law</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ukrainian mafia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donetsk_Clan" title="Donetsk Clan">Donetsk Clan</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Turkey</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_mafia" title="Turkish mafia">Turkish mafia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B6ylemez_Gang" title="Söylemez Gang">Söylemez Gang</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_mafia" title="Kurdish mafia">Kurdish mafia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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