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Garnizoen - Wikipedia

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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Geschiedenis</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geschiedenis-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Geschiedenis-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geschiedenis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Garnizoensstad" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Garnizoensstad"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Garnizoensstad</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Garnizoensstad-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geraadpleegde_literatuur,_verwijzingen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geraadpleegde_literatuur,_verwijzingen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geraadpleegde literatuur, verwijzingen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geraadpleegde_literatuur,_verwijzingen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Garnizoen</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 55 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-55" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">55 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garnisoen" title="Garnisoen – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Garnisoen" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%B9%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="حامية عسكرية – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حامية عسكرية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Гарнізон – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Гарнізон" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Гарнізон – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Гарнізон" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Гарнизон – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Гарнизон" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garnizon" title="Garnizon – Bosnisch" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Garnizon" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Гарнизон – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Гарнизон" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarnici%C3%B3_(tropes)" title="Guarnició (tropes) – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Guarnició (tropes)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pos%C3%A1dka" title="Posádka – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Posádka" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garnison" title="Garnison – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Garnison" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garnison" title="Garnison – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Garnison" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%AC" title="Φρουρά – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Φρουρά" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garrison" title="Garrison – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Garrison" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garnizono" title="Garnizono – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Garnizono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarnici%C3%B3n_(milicia)" title="Guarnición (milicia) – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Guarnición (milicia)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garnison" title="Garnison – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Garnison" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garnizio" title="Garnizio – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Garnizio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%AF%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="پادگان – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پادگان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varuskunta" title="Varuskunta – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Varuskunta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garnison" title="Garnison – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Garnison" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garnizoen" title="Garnizoen – Fries" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Garnizoen" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gearastan" title="Gearastan – Schots-Gaelisch" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Gearastan" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Schots-Gaelisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%99%D7%9C_%D7%9E%D7%A6%D7%91" title="חיל מצב – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חיל מצב" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garnizon" title="Garnizon – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Garnizon" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%B8%D6%80" title="Կայազոր – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կայազոր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garnisun" title="Garnisun – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Garnisun" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garnizono" title="Garnizono – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Garnizono" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarnigione" title="Guarnigione – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Guarnigione" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A7%90%E5%B1%AF%E5%9C%B0" title="駐屯地 – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="駐屯地" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="გარნიზონი – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გარნიზონი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Гарнизон – Kazachs" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Гарнизон" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazachs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%86" title="ಕಾವಲುಪಡೆ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕಾವಲುಪಡೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A3%BC%EB%91%94%EC%A7%80" title="주둔지 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="주둔지" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Гарнизон – Kirgizisch" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Гарнизон" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgizisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%AEgula_(fortifikacija)" title="Įgula (fortifikacija) – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Įgula (fortifikacija)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garnizons" title="Garnizons – Lets" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Garnizons" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garison" title="Garison – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Garison" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garnison" title="Garnison – Noors - Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Garnison" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Noors - Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garnison" title="Garnison – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Garnison" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garnison" title="Garnison – Occitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Garnison" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garnizon" title="Garnizon – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Garnizon" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guarni%C3%A7%C3%A3o_(for%C3%A7a_militar)" title="Guarnição (força militar) – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Guarnição (força militar)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garnizoan%C4%83" title="Garnizoană – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Garnizoană" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Гарнизон – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гарнизон" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garnizon" title="Garnizon – Servo-Kroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Garnizon" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Servo-Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pos%C3%A1dka_(vojenstvo)" title="Posádka (vojenstvo) – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Posádka (vojenstvo)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garnizija" title="Garnizija – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Garnizija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Гарнизон – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Гарнизон" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garnison" title="Garnison – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Garnison" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garnizon" title="Garnizon – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Garnizon" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Гарнизон – Toevaans" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Гарнизон" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Toevaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Uit Wikipedia, de vrije encyclopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Uittocht_van_het_Spaanse_garnizoen_uit_Breda.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Uittocht_van_het_Spaanse_garnizoen_uit_Breda.JPG/260px-Uittocht_van_het_Spaanse_garnizoen_uit_Breda.JPG" decoding="async" width="260" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Uittocht_van_het_Spaanse_garnizoen_uit_Breda.JPG/390px-Uittocht_van_het_Spaanse_garnizoen_uit_Breda.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Uittocht_van_het_Spaanse_garnizoen_uit_Breda.JPG/520px-Uittocht_van_het_Spaanse_garnizoen_uit_Breda.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="669" /></a><figcaption>Uittocht van het Spaanse garnizoen na het <a href="/wiki/Beleg_van_Breda_(1637)" title="Beleg van Breda (1637)">Beleg van Breda (1637)</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Garnizoen</b> (van <a href="/wiki/Oudfrans" title="Oudfrans">Oudfrans</a> <i>garnison:</i> bezetting, verdedigingsuitrusting) is een <a href="/wiki/Krijgsmacht" title="Krijgsmacht">militaire</a> term voor een ongedefinieerd aantal <a href="/wiki/Soldaat" title="Soldaat">soldaten</a> of militaire onderdelen dat op een specifieke plaats is gestationeerd. Oorspronkelijk ging het om tijdelijke huisvesting om de betreffende plaats te beschermen tegen vijandige aanvallen, later ging het om permanente vestiging als <a href="/wiki/Militaire_basis" title="Militaire basis">thuisbasis</a>. Een <b>garnizoensstad</b> is een stad van militair belang, waar een of meer legerafdelingen gevestigd is of zijn. Soms zijn er in een garnizoensstad <a href="/wiki/Arsenaal_(gebouw)" title="Arsenaal (gebouw)">arsenalen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kazerne" title="Kazerne">kazernes</a> en <a href="/wiki/Vesting_(verdedigingswerk)" title="Vesting (verdedigingswerk)">vestingwerken</a> of kampen en oefenterreinen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geschiedenis">Geschiedenis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Garnizoen&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Geschiedenis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Garnizoen&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Geschiedenis"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Vereenigde_Provincien_der_Nederlanden._(...)_Jager_(garnizoen_Nymwegen)_(NYPL_b14896507-94121).tiff" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Vereenigde_Provincien_der_Nederlanden._%28...%29_Jager_%28garnizoen_Nymwegen%29_%28NYPL_b14896507-94121%29.tiff/lossy-page1-260px-Vereenigde_Provincien_der_Nederlanden._%28...%29_Jager_%28garnizoen_Nymwegen%29_%28NYPL_b14896507-94121%29.tiff.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="313" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Vereenigde_Provincien_der_Nederlanden._%28...%29_Jager_%28garnizoen_Nymwegen%29_%28NYPL_b14896507-94121%29.tiff/lossy-page1-390px-Vereenigde_Provincien_der_Nederlanden._%28...%29_Jager_%28garnizoen_Nymwegen%29_%28NYPL_b14896507-94121%29.tiff.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Vereenigde_Provincien_der_Nederlanden._%28...%29_Jager_%28garnizoen_Nymwegen%29_%28NYPL_b14896507-94121%29.tiff/lossy-page1-520px-Vereenigde_Provincien_der_Nederlanden._%28...%29_Jager_%28garnizoen_Nymwegen%29_%28NYPL_b14896507-94121%29.tiff.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2320" data-file-height="2790" /></a><figcaption>Vereenigde Provincien der Nederlanden, Jager (garnizoen Nymwegen)</figcaption></figure> <p>In de periode van het <a href="/wiki/Feodalisme" title="Feodalisme">feodalisme</a> hadden enkele heren, de <a href="/wiki/Baron_(titel)" title="Baron (titel)">baron</a> of <a href="/wiki/Baanderheer" title="Baanderheer">bannerheer</a>, de verplichting een groep krijgslieden in het militaire vechten te onderrichten, ze goed uit te rusten en met deze mensen het grondgebied te verdedigen dat hen door een vorst was toebedeeld. Ook moesten deze heren met een eigen garnizoen opkomen voor de vorst in tijden van oorlog. De krijgslieden woonden veelal op en rond de burcht van de baron, met hun familie. Was er oorlogsdreiging van het eigen grondgebied, kwamen er mensen bij, de reizigers of knechten (<a href="/wiki/Huursoldaat" title="Huursoldaat">huursoldaten</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Garnizoensstad">Garnizoensstad</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Garnizoen&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Garnizoensstad" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Garnizoen&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Garnizoensstad"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Voor oorlogsvoering bestaat een garnizoen alleen uit de soldaten maar het onderbrengen van een garnizoen in een bepaalde plaats hield meestal veel meer in dan alleen de soldaten. Sommige soldaten waren getrouwd en als ze ergens anders gelegerd werden waren ze vergezeld van vrouw en kinderen.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Het stationeren van een garnizoen in een andere plaats of de uitbreiding van het bestaande garnizoen bij oorlogsdreiging, kon dus leiden tot een plotselinge toevoeging van een complete nieuwe <a href="/wiki/Samenleving" title="Samenleving">samenleving</a> binnen een stad, met alle mogelijke voor- en nadelen van dien. </p><p>In beginsel had een garnizoen een eigen organisatie en toezicht, maar men kreeg bijvoorbeeld in 1603 in <a href="/wiki/%27s-Hertogenbosch_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="&#39;s-Hertogenbosch (hoofdbetekenis)">'s-Hertogenbosch</a> te maken met een plotselinge bevolkingsgroei van ruim vijfduizend personen, met als gevolg een ingestelde <a href="/wiki/Spertijd" class="mw-redirect" title="Spertijd">avondklok</a> om orde en rust te bewaren.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In kleine garnizoenssteden kon het gebeuren dat een garnizoen op een bepaald moment in aantal groter was dan de burgerbevolking. Als er veel troepenversterking noodzakelijk was, konden soldaten bij gebrek of tekort aan <a href="/wiki/Kazerne" title="Kazerne">kazernes</a> worden ingekwartierd bij burgers. </p><p>Of steden over de lange termijn beschouwd economisch baat hebben gehad bij de aanwezigheid van een garnizoen, valt te betwijfelen. De <a href="/wiki/Geschiedenis_van_Maastricht" title="Geschiedenis van Maastricht">geschiedenis van Maastricht</a>, de grootste garnizoensstad binnen het huidige Nederland tijdens het <a href="/wiki/Ancien_r%C3%A9gime" title="Ancien régime">ancien régime</a>, laat een afwisseling zien van positieve en negatieve effecten. De vele belegeringen en innames van de stad gingen gepaard met grote humanitaire en materiële verliezen.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In 1601 werden de inlegeringskosten voor de stad geschat op 60.000 gulden, exclusief de inkwartieringskosten, die geheel ten laste van de burgerij kwamen. Anderzijds leefden veel middenstanders van het garnizoen en had de aanwezigheid van hoge militairen een positieve invloed op het culturele leven in de stad.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><div style="margin-top:-16px"></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geraadpleegde_literatuur,_verwijzingen"><span id="Geraadpleegde_literatuur.2C_verwijzingen"></span>Geraadpleegde literatuur, verwijzingen</h2></div> <ul><li><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Morreau, L.J.</span> (1979): <i>Bolwerk der Nederlanden</i>. Van Gorcum, Assen. <span class="&#73;SBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/90-232-1698-9" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/90-232-1698-9">ISBN 90-232-1698-9</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-variant:small-caps;"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Ubachs" title="Pierre Ubachs">Ubachs, Pierre J.H.</a>, en <a href="/wiki/Ingrid_Evers" title="Ingrid Evers">Ingrid M.H. Evers</a></span> (2005): <i><a href="/wiki/Historische_Encyclopedie_Maastricht" title="Historische Encyclopedie Maastricht">Historische Encyclopedie Maastricht</a></i>. Walburg Pers, Zutphen / <a href="/wiki/Regionaal_Historisch_Centrum_Limburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Regionaal Historisch Centrum Limburg">RHCL</a>, Maastricht. <span class="&#73;SBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/90-5730-399-X" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/90-5730-399-X">ISBN 90-5730-399-X</a></span></li> <li>Website <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bossche-encyclopedie.nl/overig/militaire%20geschiedenis/garnizoen.htm"><i>bossche-encyclopedie.nl</i></a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Erwin Steegen</span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.nl/books?id=cm89PT2ONL8C&amp;pg=PA125&amp;lpg=PA125&amp;dq=garnizoen+vrouw+kinderen&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=TIzgEno4bz&amp;sig=vwhjtPwxKI00vWo987JmYAxrFhM&amp;hl=nl&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0ahUKEwi13oiZgejVAhUDYlAKHVENDfo4ChDoAQgpMAE#v=onepage&amp;q=garnizoen%20vrouw%20kinderen&amp;f=false"><i>Kleinhandel en stedelijke ontwikkeling: het kramersambacht te Maastricht in de vroegmoderne tijd</i> </a>, bladzijde 123, Uitgeverij Verloren, 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">'Garnizoensstad', op website: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bossche-encyclopedie.nl/overig/militaire%20geschiedenis/garnizoen.htm"><i>bossche-encyclopedie.nl</i></a><sup><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Onbereikbare_externe_links" title="Wikipedia:Onbereikbare externe links">&#91;dode link&#93;</a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Morreau (1979), pp. XXXVIII-XLII.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ubachs/Evers (2005), pp. 182-183: 'garnizoen'.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐64476968cd‐xmfst Cached time: 20241102132917 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.050 seconds Real time usage: 0.313 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 507/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 16680/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 9987/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 2060/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.005/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 900478/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 42.965 1 -total 100.00% 42.965 1 Sjabloon:Appendix 92.03% 39.541 2 Sjabloon:Bevat 29.21% 12.550 1 Sjabloon:References 16.55% 7.110 1 Sjabloon:Dode_link 5.85% 2.514 3 Sjabloon:Aut 4.27% 1.833 2 Sjabloon:ISBN --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key nlwiki:pcache:idhash:370275-0!canonical and timestamp 20241102132917 and revision id 67788796. 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