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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox scotus" style="line-height: 1.4em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #99c0ff; padding: 0.2em; line-height: 1.4em; font-size:125%; font-style: italic">Hodel v. Irving</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Seal of the United States Supreme Court"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></span></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="padding-top: 0.5em; font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court of the United States</a></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #99c0ff; white-space:nowrap">Argued October 6, 1986<br />Decided May 18, 1987</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Full case name</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Hodel, Secretary of the Interior v. Irving et al.</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Citations</th><td class="infobox-data">481 <a href="/wiki/United_States_Reports" title="United States Reports">U.S.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://supreme.justia.com/us/481/704/case.html">704</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_481" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 481">more</a></i>)<div>107 S. Ct. 2076; 95 <a href="/wiki/L._Ed._2d" class="mw-redirect" title="L. Ed. 2d">L. Ed. 2d</a> 668</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #99c0ff; white-space:nowrap">Case history</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Prior</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Irving v. Clark</i>, 758 <a href="/wiki/F.2d" class="mw-redirect" title="F.2d">F.2d</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/758/1260/63448/">1260</a> (<a href="/wiki/8th_Cir." class="mw-redirect" title="8th Cir.">8th Cir.</a> 1985); probable jurisdiction noted, <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_474" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 474">474</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Reports" title="United States Reports">U.S.</a> 1049 (1986).</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #99c0ff; white-space:nowrap">Holding</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">The original version of § 207 of the Indian Land Consolidation Act effected a "taking" of appellees' decedents' property without just compensation.</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #99c0ff; white-space:nowrap">Court membership</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><dl style="margin:0; padding:0.1em 0.5em; text-align:center; line-height:1.3em;"> <dt style="margin:0;">Chief Justice</dt> <dd style="margin:0 0 0.3em;"><a href="/wiki/William_Rehnquist" title="William Rehnquist">William Rehnquist</a> </dd> <dt style="margin:0;">Associate Justices</dt> <dd style="margin:0;"><a href="/wiki/William_J._Brennan_Jr." title="William J. Brennan Jr.">William J. Brennan Jr.</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Byron_White" title="Byron White">Byron White</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Thurgood_Marshall" title="Thurgood Marshall">Thurgood Marshall</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Harry_Blackmun" title="Harry Blackmun">Harry Blackmun</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lewis_F._Powell_Jr." title="Lewis F. Powell Jr.">Lewis F. Powell Jr.</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/John_Paul_Stevens" title="John Paul Stevens">John P. Stevens</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Day_O%27Connor" title="Sandra Day O'Connor">Sandra Day O'Connor</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Antonin_Scalia" title="Antonin Scalia">Antonin Scalia</a> </dd></dl></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #99c0ff; white-space:nowrap">Case opinions</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Majority</th><td class="infobox-data">O'Connor, joined by Rehnquist, Brennan, Marshall, Blackmun, Powell, Scalia</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Concurrence</th><td class="infobox-data">Brennan, joined by Marshall, Blackmun</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Concurrence</th><td class="infobox-data">Scalia, joined by Rehnquist, Powell</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Concurrence</th><td class="infobox-data">Stevens, joined by White</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #99c0ff; white-space:nowrap">Laws applied</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution#Takings_Clause" title="Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution">U.S. Const. amend. V</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Hodel v. Irving</b></i>, 481 U.S. 704 (1987), is a case in which the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">U.S. Supreme Court</a> held that a <a href="/wiki/Statute" title="Statute">statute</a> ordering the <a href="/wiki/Escheat" title="Escheat">escheat</a> of <a href="/wiki/Fractional_ownership" title="Fractional ownership">fractional interests</a> in <a href="/wiki/Real_property" title="Real property">real property</a> which had been <a href="/wiki/Bequest" class="mw-redirect" title="Bequest">bequeathed</a> to members of the <a href="/wiki/Oglala_Sioux" class="mw-redirect" title="Oglala Sioux">Oglala Sioux</a> tribe was an unconstitutional <a href="/wiki/Eminent_domain_in_the_United_States" title="Eminent domain in the United States">taking</a> which required just compensation.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hodel_v._Irving&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Towards the end of the 19th century, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">Congress</a> enacted a series of land Acts which divided the communal <a href="/wiki/Native_American_reservation" class="mw-redirect" title="Native American reservation">reservations</a> of <a href="/wiki/Indian_tribe" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian tribe">Indian tribes</a> into individual allotments for Indians and unallotted lands for non-Indian settlement. This legislation was motivated both by a desire to force Indians to abandon their <a href="/wiki/Nomadic" class="mw-redirect" title="Nomadic">nomadic</a> ways in order to "speed the Indians' <a href="/wiki/Americanization_(of_Native_Americans)" class="mw-redirect" title="Americanization (of Native Americans)">assimilation into American society</a>",<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and by pressure to free new lands for further white settlement. One of these statutes, enacted in 1889, allotted each male Sioux head of household 320 acres (1.3 km<sup>2</sup>) of land and most other individuals 160 acres (0.65 km<sup>2</sup>), with the land to be held in <a href="/wiki/Trust_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Trust law">trust</a> by the United States. Prior to 1910, the lands of deceased allottees passed to their heirs "according to the laws of the State or Territory" where the land was located. After 1910, allottees were permitted to dispose of their interests by <a href="/wiki/Will_(law)" class="mw-redirect" title="Will (law)">will</a> in accordance with regulations promulgated by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Interior" title="United States Secretary of the Interior">Secretary of the Interior</a>, which were intended to protect Native American ownership of the allotted lands. </p><p>Unfortunately, this policy of promoting private ownership of land among the Sioux had disastrous consequences. Instead of working the land themselves, the Sioux sold, or more frequently <a href="/wiki/Lease" title="Lease">leased</a>, the lands to whites, and lived off the meager revenues. Worse yet, each successive generation found their parcels became splintered into multiple undivided interests in land, with many parcels having dozens (and in some cases, hundreds) of owners. Because the land was held in trust and often could not be <a href="/wiki/Alienation_(property_law)" title="Alienation (property law)">alienated</a> or <a href="/wiki/Partition_(law)" title="Partition (law)">partitioned</a>, the fractionation problem grew steadily worse over time. Financial returns from the leased lands were divided up among so many parties that the holders of the fractionated interests would get as little as one cent from their holdings, and the administrative costs of <a href="/wiki/Bookkeeping" title="Bookkeeping">bookkeeping</a> and monitoring all of the fractional interests was economically unfeasible. </p><p>Congress ended the practice of land allotment in 1934, but this did little to alleviate the ownership problems which already existed, and continued to get worse with each passing generation of Sioux. In hopes of finally solving the fractionation problem, Congress passed the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Land_Consolidation_Act&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indian Land Consolidation Act (page does not exist)">Indian Land Consolidation Act</a> in 1983.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Section 207 of the act provided that: </p> <blockquote><p>No undivided fractional interest in any tract of trust or restricted land within a tribe's reservation or otherwise subjected to a tribe's jurisdiction shall descedent [sic] by intestacy or devise but shall <a href="/wiki/Escheat" title="Escheat">escheat</a> to that tribe if such interest represents 2 per centum or less of the total acreage in such tract and has earned to its owner less than $100 in the preceding year before it is due to escheat.</p></blockquote> <p>The statute did not make any provisions for the payment of compensation to the holders of the fractional interests which were to escheat to the tribe. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Facts_and_procedural_history">Facts and procedural history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hodel_v._Irving&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Facts and procedural history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Plaintiff" title="Plaintiff">plaintiffs</a> in this case were three enrolled members of the <a href="/wiki/Oglala_Sioux" class="mw-redirect" title="Oglala Sioux">Oglala Sioux</a> tribe: Mary Irving, Patrick Pumpkin Seed, and Eileen Bissonette. All of them were heirs or devisees of deceased tribe members. Irving lost two escheatable interests worth approximately $100, Pumpkin Seed lost 13 escheatable interests worth $1,816, and Bissonette lost $2,700 on the 26 escheatable interests in she was devised. </p><p>The plaintiffs filed suit against <a href="/wiki/Donald_P._Hodel" title="Donald P. Hodel">Donald P. Hodel</a>, in his official capacity as Secretary of the Interior, in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_South_Dakota" title="United States District Court for the District of South Dakota">United States District Court for the District of South Dakota</a>. The District Court found for the government, holding that the plaintiffs had no <a href="/wiki/Vesting" title="Vesting">vested interest</a> in the property of the decedents prior to their deaths, and that Congress had plenary authority to abolish the power of testamentary disposition of Indian property and to alter the rules of intestate succession, and concluded that the statute was constitutional. </p><p>On appeal, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eighth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit">Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals</a> reversed, holding that the statute violated the plaintiff's rights under the Takings Clause of the <a href="/wiki/Fifth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution#Takings_Clause" title="Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution">Fifth Amendment</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the Eighth Circuit agreed with the District Court that the plaintiffs did not have vested rights in the decedents' property, it concluded that their decedents had a right, derived from the original Sioux allotment statute, to control disposition of their property at death. The government sought <i><a href="/wiki/Certiorari" title="Certiorari">certiorari</a></i>, which was granted. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Decision">Decision</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hodel_v._Irving&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Decision"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Majority_opinion">Majority opinion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hodel_v._Irving&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Majority opinion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Day_O%27Connor" title="Sandra Day O'Connor">Justice O'Connor</a>, writing for the majority, first held that the plaintiffs had <a href="/wiki/Standing_(law)" title="Standing (law)">standing</a> to challenge the statute. Even though they were not asserting their own property rights, the fact that their decedents had been denied the right to devise their property by will or intestacy created a sufficient injury-in-fact for the plaintiffs to bring suit. </p><p>She then moved on to the substantive issue of the case. O'Connor agreed with the government that the fractionation of ownership was a serious problem, which Congress did have the power to ameliorate. She also agreed that the Sioux probably lost no "investment-backed expectations" under the test set forth in <i><a href="/wiki/Penn_Central_Transportation_Co._v._New_York_City" title="Penn Central Transportation Co. v. New York City">Penn Central Transportation Co. v. New York City</a></i> (1978). However, she held that the right to will one’s property to one's heirs is one of the most important "<a href="/wiki/Bundle_of_rights" title="Bundle of rights">sticks in the bundle</a>" under Anglo-American <a href="/wiki/Common_law" title="Common law">common law</a>, and that the total abrogation of this right constitutes a taking. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Concurring_opinions">Concurring opinions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hodel_v._Irving&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Concurring opinions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/William_J._Brennan,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="William J. Brennan, Jr.">Justice Brennan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Antonin_Scalia" title="Antonin Scalia">Justice Scalia</a> each wrote a brief, single-paragraph concurring opinion, both of which analogized the rights lost by the plaintiffs in this case to those lost under the <a href="/wiki/Eagle_feather_law" title="Eagle feather law">Eagle feather law</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/John_Paul_Stevens" title="John Paul Stevens">Justice Stevens</a> concurred in the judgment, and wrote the longest concurrence. His chief objection to the statute is that it afforded no opportunity for the plaintiffs' decedents to avoid escheat by consolidating their property through voluntary <i><a href="/wiki/Inter_vivos" title="Inter vivos">inter vivos</a></i> transfers (for example, by providing a grace period before the statute came into force), thus violating their <a href="/wiki/Due_process" title="Due process">due process</a> rights. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hodel_v._Irving&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_481" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 481">List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 481</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases">List of United States Supreme Court cases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases_by_volume" title="Lists of United States Supreme Court cases by volume">Lists of United States Supreme Court cases by volume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases_by_the_Rehnquist_Court" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases by the Rehnquist Court">List of United States Supreme Court cases by the Rehnquist Court</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hodel_v._Irving&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Hodel v. Irving</i>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_481" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 481">481</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Reports" title="United States Reports">U.S.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/481/704/">704</a> (1987).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">481 U.S. at 706.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The modern version of the Indian Land Consolidation Act is currently codified at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode25/usc_sup_01_25_10_24.html">Title 25, Chapter 24, U.S. Code</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite><i>Irving v. Clark</i></cite>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/758/1260/63448/">758 F.2d 1260</a> (8th Cir. 1985).</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hodel_v._Irving&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Text of <i>Hodel v. Irving</i>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_481" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 481">481</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Reports" title="United States Reports">U.S.</a> 704 (1987) is available from: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/111887/hodel-v-irving/">CourtListener</a>  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://caselaw.findlaw.com/us-supreme-court/481/704.html">Findlaw</a>  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=6675697414403130825">Google Scholar</a>  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/481/704/case.html">Justia</a>  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cdn.loc.gov/service/ll/usrep/usrep481/usrep481704/usrep481704.pdf">Library of Congress</a>  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oyez.org/cases/1986/85-637">Oyez (oral 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href="/wiki/Native_American_civil_rights" title="Native American civil rights">Rights</a> of <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native Americans in the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#F0E68C;;width:1%">Case law</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Johnson_v._McIntosh" title="Johnson v. McIntosh">Johnson v. McIntosh</a></i> (1823)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Nation_v._Georgia" title="Cherokee Nation v. Georgia">Cherokee Nation v. Georgia</a></i> (1831)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Worcester_v._Georgia" title="Worcester v. Georgia">Worcester v. Georgia</a></i> (1832)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fellows_v._Blacksmith" title="Fellows v. Blacksmith">Fellows v. Blacksmith</a></i> (1857)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/New_York_ex_rel._Cutler_v._Dibble" title="New York ex rel. Cutler v. Dibble">New York ex rel. Cutler v. Dibble</a></i> (1858)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Standing_Bear_v._Crook" class="mw-redirect" title="Standing Bear v. Crook">Standing Bear v. Crook</a></i> (D. Neb. 1879)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ex_parte_Crow_Dog" title="Ex parte Crow Dog">Ex parte Crow Dog</a></i> (1883)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Elk_v._Wilkins" title="Elk v. Wilkins">Elk v. Wilkins</a></i> (1884)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Seneca_Nation_of_Indians_v._Christy" title="Seneca Nation of Indians v. Christy">Seneca Nation of Indians v. Christy</a></i> (1896)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Talton_v._Mayes" title="Talton v. Mayes">Talton v. Mayes</a></i> (1896)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lone_Wolf_v._Hitchcock" title="Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock">Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock</a></i> (1903)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Santa_Fe_Pacific_Railroad_Co." title="United States v. Santa Fe Pacific Railroad Co.">United States v. Santa Fe Pacific Railroad Co.</a></i> (1941)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tee-Hit-Ton_Indians_v._United_States" title="Tee-Hit-Ton Indians v. United States">Tee-Hit-Ton Indians v. United States</a></i> (1955)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Williams_v._Lee" title="Williams v. Lee">Williams v. Lee</a></i> (1959)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Federal_Power_Commission_v._Tuscarora_Indian_Nation" title="Federal Power Commission v. Tuscarora Indian Nation">Federal Power Commission v. Tuscarora Indian Nation</a></i> (1960)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Menominee_Tribe_v._United_States" title="Menominee Tribe v. United States">Menominee Tribe v. United States</a></i> (1968)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/McClanahan_v._Arizona_State_Tax_Commission" title="McClanahan v. Arizona State Tax Commission">McClanahan v. Arizona State Tax Commission</a></i> (1973)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oneida_Indian_Nation_of_New_York_v._County_of_Oneida" title="Oneida Indian Nation of New York v. County of Oneida">Oneida Indian Nation of New York v. County of Oneida</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bryan_v._Itasca_County" title="Bryan v. Itasca County">Bryan v. Itasca County</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Antelope" title="United States v. Antelope">United States v. Antelope</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Santa_Clara_Pueblo_v._Martinez" title="Santa Clara Pueblo v. Martinez">Santa Clara Pueblo v. Martinez</a></i> (1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Merrion_v._Jicarilla_Apache_Tribe" title="Merrion v. Jicarilla Apache Tribe">Merrion v. Jicarilla Apache Tribe</a></i> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Solem_v._Bartlett" title="Solem v. Bartlett">Solem v. Bartlett</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/County_of_Oneida_v._Oneida_Indian_Nation_of_New_York_State" title="County of Oneida v. Oneida Indian Nation of New York State">County of Oneida v. Oneida Indian Nation of New York State</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina_v._Catawba_Indian_Tribe,_Inc." title="South Carolina v. Catawba Indian Tribe, Inc.">South Carolina v. Catawba Indian Tribe, Inc.</a></i> (1986)</li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hodel v. Irving</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_Band_of_Choctaw_Indians_v._Holyfield" title="Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians v. Holyfield">Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians v. Holyfield</a></i> (1989)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Duro_v._Reina" title="Duro v. Reina">Duro v. Reina</a></i> (1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_v._Bourland" title="South Dakota v. Bourland">South Dakota v. Bourland</a></i> (1993)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Idaho_v._Coeur_d%27Alene_Tribe_of_Idaho" title="Idaho v. Coeur d'Alene Tribe of Idaho">Idaho v. Coeur d'Alene Tribe of Idaho</a></i> (1997)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Idaho_v._United_States" title="Idaho v. United States">Idaho v. United States</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Lara" title="United States v. Lara">United States v. Lara</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/City_of_Sherrill_v._Oneida_Indian_Nation_of_New_York" title="City of Sherrill v. Oneida Indian Nation of New York">City of Sherrill v. Oneida Indian Nation of New York</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cobell_v._Salazar" title="Cobell v. Salazar">Cobell v. Salazar</a></i> (D.C. Cir. 2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Adoptive_Couple_v._Baby_Girl" title="Adoptive Couple v. Baby Girl">Adoptive Couple v. Baby Girl</a></i> (2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sharp_v._Murphy" title="Sharp v. Murphy">Sharp v. Murphy</a> </i>and<i> <a href="/wiki/McGirt_v._Oklahoma" title="McGirt v. Oklahoma">McGirt v. Oklahoma</a></i> (2020)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_v._Castro-Huerta" title="Oklahoma v. Castro-Huerta">Oklahoma v. Castro-Huerta</a></i> (2022)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases_involving_Indian_tribes" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases involving Indian tribes">List of United States Supreme Court cases involving Indian tribes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#F0E68C;;width:1%">Legislation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blood_quantum_laws" title="Blood quantum laws">Blood quantum laws</a> (1705 onwards)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonintercourse_Act" title="Nonintercourse Act">Nonintercourse Act</a> (1790,1793,1796,1799,1802,1834)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civilization_Fund_Act" title="Civilization Fund Act">Civilization Act</a> (1819)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Removal_Act" title="Indian Removal Act">Indian Removal Act</a> (1830)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dawes_Act" title="Dawes Act">Dawes Act</a> (1887)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Act_of_1898" title="Curtis Act of 1898">Curtis Act</a> (1898)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burke_Act" title="Burke Act">Burke Act</a> (1906)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Citizenship_Act" title="Indian Citizenship Act">Indian Citizenship Act</a> (1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Reorganization_Act" title="Indian Reorganization Act">Indian Reorganization Act</a> (1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_arts_and_crafts_laws" title="Indian arts and crafts laws">Indian arts and crafts laws</a> (1935–2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_Indian_Welfare_Act" title="Oklahoma Indian Welfare Act">Oklahoma Indian Welfare Act</a> (1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationality_Act_of_1940" title="Nationality Act of 1940">Nationality Act</a> (1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Law_280" title="Public Law 280">Public Law 280</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Relocation_Act_of_1956" title="Indian Relocation Act of 1956">Indian Relocation Act</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Rights_Act_of_1968" title="Civil Rights Act of 1968">Indian Civil Rights Act</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_Native_Claims_Settlement_Act" title="Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act">Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Self-Determination_and_Education_Assistance_Act_of_1975" title="Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act of 1975">Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Indian_Religious_Freedom_Act" title="American Indian Religious Freedom Act">American Indian Religious Freedom Act</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Child_Welfare_Act" title="Indian Child Welfare Act">Indian Child Welfare Act</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diminishment" title="Diminishment">Diminishment</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Gaming_Regulatory_Act" title="Indian Gaming Regulatory Act">Indian Gaming Regulatory Act</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_Languages_Act_of_1990" title="Native American Languages Act of 1990">Native American Languages Act</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_Graves_Protection_and_Repatriation_Act" title="Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act">Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Arts_and_Crafts_Act_of_1990" title="Indian Arts and Crafts Act of 1990">Indian Arts and Crafts Act</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Nation_Truth_in_Advertising_for_Native_Art" title="Cherokee Nation Truth in Advertising for Native Art">Cherokee Nation Truth in Advertising for Native Art</a> (2008)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#F0E68C;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Native_American_recognition_in_the_United_States" title="Native American recognition in the United States">Federal</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/State-recognized_tribes_in_the_United_States" title="State-recognized tribes in the United States">State recognition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_federal_recognition_of_Native_Hawaiians" title="United States federal recognition of Native Hawaiians">Federal recognition of Native Hawaiians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legal_status_of_Hawaii" title="Legal status of Hawaii">Legal status of Hawaii</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federally_recognized_tribes_in_the_contiguous_United_States" title="List of federally recognized tribes in the contiguous United States">Federally recognized tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State-recognized_tribes_in_the_United_States" title="State-recognized tribes in the United States">State recognized tribes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#F0E68C;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aboriginal_title_in_the_United_States" title="Aboriginal title in the United States">Aboriginal title</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs" title="Bureau of Indian Affairs">Bureau of Indian Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_Commission" title="Cherokee Commission">Cherokee Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dawes_Rolls" title="Dawes Rolls">Dawes Rolls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_on_the_Rights_of_Indigenous_Peoples" title="Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples">Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eagle_feather_law" title="Eagle feather law">Eagle feather law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eagle-bone_whistle" title="Eagle-bone whistle">Eagle-bone whistle</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunting_license" title="Hunting license">Hunting license</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/In_the_Courts_of_the_Conqueror" title="In the Courts of the Conqueror">In the Courts of the Conqueror</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_reservation" title="Indian reservation">Indian reservations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Walk_of_the_Navajo" title="Long Walk of the Navajo">Long Walk of the Navajo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Indian_Gaming_Commission" title="National Indian Gaming Commission">National Indian Gaming Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_civil_rights" title="Native American civil rights">Native American civil rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_gaming" title="Native American gaming">Native American gaming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_Rights_Fund" title="Native American Rights Fund">Native American Rights Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recognition_of_Native_American_sacred_sites_in_the_United_States" title="Recognition of Native American sacred sites in the United States">Recognition of sacred sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seminole_Wars" title="Seminole Wars">Seminole Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Survivance" title="Survivance">Survivance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trail_of_Tears" title="Trail of Tears">Trail of Tears</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_rights" title="Treaty rights">Treaty rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribal_sovereignty_in_the_United_States" title="Tribal sovereignty in the United States">Tribal sovereignty</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_self-determination" title="Native American self-determination">Self-determination</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congressional_Joint_Special_Committee_on_Conditions_of_Indian_Tribes" title="United States Congressional Joint Special Committee on Conditions of Indian Tribes">United States Congressional Joint Special Committee on Conditions of Indian Tribes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_Fifth_Amendment_case_law" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US5thAmendment" title="Template:US5thAmendment"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US5thAmendment" title="Template talk:US5thAmendment"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US5thAmendment" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US5thAmendment"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_Fifth_Amendment_case_law" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution">United States Fifth Amendment</a> case law</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_Fifth_Amendment_criminal_procedure_case_law" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US5thAmendment_crimpro" title="Template:US5thAmendment crimpro"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US5thAmendment_crimpro" title="Template talk:US5thAmendment crimpro"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US5thAmendment_crimpro" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US5thAmendment crimpro"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_Fifth_Amendment_criminal_procedure_case_law" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution">United States Fifth Amendment</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_constitutional_criminal_procedure" title="United States constitutional criminal procedure">criminal procedure</a> case law</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Grand_Jury_Clause" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Grand_juries_in_the_United_States" title="Grand juries in the United States">Grand Jury</a> Clause</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hurtado_v._California" title="Hurtado v. California">Hurtado v. California</a></i> (1884)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ex_parte_Bain" title="Ex parte Bain">Ex parte Bain</a></i> (1887)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wong_Wing_v._United_States" title="Wong Wing v. United States">Wong Wing v. United States</a></i> (1896)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maxwell_v._Dow" title="Maxwell v. Dow">Maxwell v. Dow</a></i> (1900)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Moreland" title="United States v. Moreland">United States v. Moreland</a></i> (1922)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Beck_v._Washington" title="Beck v. Washington">Beck v. Washington</a></i> (1962)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Cotton" title="United States v. Cotton">United States v. Cotton</a></i> (2002)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Double_Jeopardy_Clause" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Double_Jeopardy_Clause" title="Double Jeopardy Clause">Double Jeopardy Clause</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Meaning of "same offense"</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Blockburger_v._United_States" title="Blockburger v. United States">Blockburger v. United States</a></i> (1932)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Grady_v._Corbin" title="Grady v. Corbin">Grady v. Corbin</a></i> (1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Felix" title="United States v. Felix">United States v. Felix</a></i> (1992)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Dixon" title="United States v. Dixon">United States v. Dixon</a></i> (1993)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">After acquittal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Randenbush" class="mw-redirect" title="United States v. Randenbush">United States v. Randenbush</a></i> (1834)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ball_v._United_States&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ball v. United States (page does not exist)">Ball v. United States</a></i> (1896)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Burton_v._United_States" title="Burton v. United States">Burton v. United States</a></i> (1906)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fong_Foo_v._United_States" title="Fong Foo v. United States">Fong Foo v. United States</a></i> (1962)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ashe_v._Swenson" title="Ashe v. Swenson">Ashe v. Swenson</a></i> (1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Burks_v._United_States" title="Burks v. United States">Burks v. United States</a></i> (1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Evans_v._Michigan" title="Evans v. Michigan">Evans v. Michigan</a></i> (2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bravo-Fernandez_v._United_States" title="Bravo-Fernandez v. United States">Bravo-Fernandez v. United States</a></i> (2016)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/McElrath_v._Georgia" title="McElrath v. Georgia">McElrath v. Georgia</a></i> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">After conviction</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Wilson" title="United States v. Wilson">United States v. Wilson</a></i> (1833)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_v._Massachusetts" title="Ludwig v. Massachusetts">Ludwig v. Massachusetts</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Grady_v._Corbin" title="Grady v. Corbin">Grady v. Corbin</a></i> (1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Felix" title="United States v. Felix">United States v. Felix</a></i> (1992)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Dixon" title="United States v. Dixon">United States v. Dixon</a></i> (1993)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Smith_v._United_States_(2023)" title="Smith v. United States (2023)">Smith v. United States</a></i> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">After mistrial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Perez" title="United States v. Perez">United States v. Perez</a></i> (1824)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Jorn" title="United States v. Jorn">United States v. Jorn</a></i> (1971)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Dinitz" title="United States v. Dinitz">United States v. Dinitz</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oregon_v._Kennedy" title="Oregon v. Kennedy">Oregon v. Kennedy</a></i> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blueford_v._Arkansas" title="Blueford v. Arkansas">Blueford v. Arkansas</a></i> (2012)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Multiple punishment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Blockburger_v._United_States" title="Blockburger v. United States">Blockburger v. United States</a></i> (1932)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dual sovereignty doctrine</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_v._Lanza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United States v. Lanza (page does not exist)">United States v. Lanza</a></i> (1922)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bartkus_v._Illinois" title="Bartkus v. Illinois">Bartkus v. Illinois</a></i> (1959)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Waller_v._Florida" title="Waller v. Florida">Waller v. Florida</a></i> (1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Wheeler_(1978)" title="United States v. Wheeler (1978)">United States v. Wheeler</a></i> (1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Heath_v._Alabama" title="Heath v. Alabama">Heath v. Alabama</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Lara" title="United States v. Lara">United States v. Lara</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_v._Sanchez_Valle" title="Puerto Rico v. Sanchez Valle">Puerto Rico v. Sanchez Valle</a></i> (2016)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gamble_v._United_States" title="Gamble v. United States">Gamble v. United States</a></i> (2019)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Denezpi_v._United_States" title="Denezpi v. United States">Denezpi v. United States</a></i> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ex_parte_Bigelow" title="Ex parte Bigelow">Ex parte Bigelow</a></i> (1885)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Palko_v._Connecticut" title="Palko v. Connecticut">Palko v. Connecticut</a></i> (1937)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_ex_rel._Francis_v._Resweber" title="Louisiana ex rel. Francis v. Resweber">Louisiana ex rel. Francis v. Resweber</a></i> (1947)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Baxstrom_v._Herold" title="Baxstrom v. Herold">Baxstrom v. Herold</a></i> (1966)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_v._Pearce" title="North Carolina v. Pearce">North Carolina v. Pearce</a></i> (1969)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Benton_v._Maryland" title="Benton v. Maryland">Benton v. Maryland</a></i> (1969)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Self-Incrimination_Clause" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Self-Incrimination_Clause" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-Incrimination Clause">Self-Incrimination Clause</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curcio_v._United_States&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curcio v. United States (page does not exist)">Curcio v. United States</a></i> (1957)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Griffin_v._California" title="Griffin v. California">Griffin v. California</a></i> (1965)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Miranda_v._Arizona" title="Miranda v. Arizona">Miranda v. Arizona</a></i> (1966)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boulden_v._Holman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boulden v. Holman (page does not exist)">Boulden v. Holman</a></i> (1969)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Williams_v._Florida" title="Williams v. Florida">Williams v. Florida</a></i> (1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michigan_v._Tucker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michigan v. Tucker (page does not exist)">Michigan v. Tucker</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Edwards_v._Arizona" title="Edwards v. Arizona">Edwards v. Arizona</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oregon_v._Elstad" title="Oregon v. Elstad">Oregon v. Elstad</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Doe_v._United_States&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doe v. United States (page does not exist)">Doe v. United States</a></i> (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Illinois_v._Perkins" title="Illinois v. Perkins">Illinois v. Perkins</a></i> (1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/McNeil_v._Wisconsin" title="McNeil v. Wisconsin">McNeil v. Wisconsin</a></i> (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mitchell_v._United_States_(1999)" title="Mitchell v. United States (1999)">Mitchell v. United States</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Hubbell" title="United States v. Hubbell">United States v. Hubbell</a></i> (2000)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dickerson_v._United_States" title="Dickerson v. United States">Dickerson v. United States</a></i> (2000)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chavez_v._Martinez" title="Chavez v. Martinez">Chavez v. Martinez</a></i> (2003)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yarborough_v._Alvarado" title="Yarborough v. Alvarado">Yarborough v. Alvarado</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Missouri_v._Seibert" title="Missouri v. Seibert">Missouri v. Seibert</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Patane" title="United States v. Patane">United States v. Patane</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Corley_v._United_States&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Corley v. United States (page does not exist)">Corley v. United States</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Florida_v._Powell" title="Florida v. Powell">Florida v. Powell</a></i> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maryland_v._Shatzer" title="Maryland v. Shatzer">Maryland v. Shatzer</a></i> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Berghuis_v._Thompkins" title="Berghuis v. Thompkins">Berghuis v. Thompkins</a></i> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/J._D._B._v._North_Carolina" title="J. D. B. v. North Carolina">J. D. B. v. North Carolina</a></i> (2011)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bobby_v._Dixon" class="mw-redirect" title="Bobby v. Dixon">Bobby v. Dixon</a></i> (2011)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Howes_v._Fields" title="Howes v. Fields">Howes v. Fields</a></i> (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Salinas_v._Texas" title="Salinas v. Texas">Salinas v. Texas</a></i> (2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vega_v._Tekoh" title="Vega v. Tekoh">Vega v. Tekoh</a></i> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Due_Process_Clause" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Due_Process_Clause" title="Due Process Clause">Due Process Clause</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dred_Scott_v._Sandford" title="Dred Scott v. Sandford">Dred Scott v. Sandford</a></i> (1857)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Adair_v._United_States" title="Adair v. United States">Adair v. United States</a></i> (1908)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Adkins_v._Children%27s_Hospital" title="Adkins v. Children's Hospital">Adkins v. Children's Hospital</a></i> (1923)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nichols_v._Coolidge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nichols v. Coolidge (page does not exist)">Nichols v. Coolidge</a></i> (1927)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Railroad_Retirement_Board_v._Alton_Railroad_Co." class="mw-redirect" title="Railroad Retirement Board v. Alton Railroad Co.">Railroad Retirement Board v. Alton Railroad Co.</a></i> (1935)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Carolene_Products_Co." title="United States v. Carolene Products Co.">United States v. Carolene Products Co.</a></i> (1938)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bolling_v._Sharpe" title="Bolling v. Sharpe">Bolling v. Sharpe</a></i> (1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Schneider_v._Rusk" title="Schneider v. Rusk">Schneider v. Rusk</a></i> (1964)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rogers_v._Bellei" title="Rogers v. Bellei">Rogers v. Bellei</a></i> (1971)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richardson_v._Davis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richardson v. Davis (page does not exist)">Richardson v. Davis</a></i> (1972)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Frontiero_v._Richardson" title="Frontiero v. Richardson">Frontiero v. Richardson</a></i> (1973)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Agriculture_v._Moreno" title="Department of Agriculture v. Moreno">Department of Agriculture v. Moreno</a></i> (1973)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Morton_v._Mancari" title="Morton v. Mancari">Morton v. Mancari</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Schlesinger_v._Ballard" title="Schlesinger v. Ballard">Schlesinger v. Ballard</a></i> (1975)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Weinberger_v._Wiesenfeld" title="Weinberger v. Wiesenfeld">Weinberger v. Wiesenfeld</a></i> (1975)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mathews_v._Eldridge" title="Mathews v. Eldridge">Mathews v. Eldridge</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hills_v._Gautreaux" title="Hills v. Gautreaux">Hills v. Gautreaux</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathews_v._Diaz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mathews v. Diaz (page does not exist)">Mathews v. Diaz</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hampton_v._Mow_Sun_Wong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hampton v. Mow Sun Wong (page does not exist)">Hampton v. Mow Sun Wong</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Washington_v._Davis" title="Washington v. Davis">Washington v. Davis</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathews_v._Lucas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mathews v. Lucas (page does not exist)">Mathews v. Lucas</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Califano_v._Goldfarb" title="Califano v. Goldfarb">Califano v. Goldfarb</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Califano_v._Webster" title="Califano v. Webster">Califano v. Webster</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Antelope" title="United States v. Antelope">United States v. Antelope</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fiallo_v._Bell" title="Fiallo v. Bell">Fiallo v. Bell</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Califano_v._Torres&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Califano v. Torres (page does not exist)">Califano v. Torres</a></i> (1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vance_v._Bradley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vance v. Bradley (page does not exist)">Vance v. Bradley</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Davis_v._Passman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Davis v. Passman (page does not exist)">Davis v. Passman</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Califano_v._Westcott&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Califano v. Westcott (page does not exist)">Califano v. Westcott</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harris_v._Rosario&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harris v. Rosario (page does not exist)">Harris v. Rosario</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Harris_v._McRae" title="Harris v. McRae">Harris v. McRae</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fullilove_v._Klutznick" title="Fullilove v. Klutznick">Fullilove v. Klutznick</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rostker_v._Goldberg" title="Rostker v. Goldberg">Rostker v. Goldberg</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heckler_v._Mathews&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heckler v. Mathews (page does not exist)">Heckler v. Mathews</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lyng_v._Castillo" title="Lyng v. Castillo">Lyng v. Castillo</a></i> (1986)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bowen_v._Gilliard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bowen v. Gilliard (page does not exist)">Bowen v. Gilliard</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Metro_Broadcasting,_Inc._v._FCC" title="Metro Broadcasting, Inc. v. FCC">Metro Broadcasting, Inc. v. FCC</a></i> (1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Adarand_Constructors,_Inc._v._Pe%C3%B1a" title="Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Peña">Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Peña</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Miller_v._Albright" title="Miller v. Albright">Miller v. Albright</a></i> (1998)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nguyen_v._INS" title="Nguyen v. INS">Nguyen v. INS</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zadvydas_v._Davis" title="Zadvydas v. Davis">Zadvydas v. Davis</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flores-Villar_v._United_States&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flores-Villar v. United States (page does not exist)">Flores-Villar v. United States</a></i> (2011)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Windsor" title="United States v. Windsor">United States v. Windsor</a></i> (2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kerry_v._Din" title="Kerry v. Din">Kerry v. Din</a></i> (2015)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sessions_v._Morales-Santana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sessions v. Morales-Santana (page does not exist)">Sessions v. Morales-Santana</a></i> (2017)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Homeland_Security_v._Regents_of_the_University_of_California" title="Department of Homeland Security v. Regents of the University of California">Department of Homeland Security v. Regents of the University of California</a></i> (2020)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Vaello_Madero" title="United States v. Vaello Madero">United States v. Vaello Madero</a></i> (2022)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Department_of_State_v._Mu%C3%B1oz" title="Department of State v. Muñoz">Department of State v. Muñoz</a></i> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Takings_Clause" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Takings_Clause" class="mw-redirect" title="Takings Clause">Takings Clause</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Barron_v._Baltimore" title="Barron v. Baltimore">Barron v. Baltimore</a></i> (1833)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kohl_v._United_States" title="Kohl v. United States">Kohl v. United States</a></i> (1875)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_v._Lawton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United States v. Lawton (page does not exist)">United States v. Lawton</a></i> (1884)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cole_v._City_of_La_Grange" title="Cole v. City of La Grange">Cole v. City of La Grange</a></i> (1885)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Head_v._Amoskeag_Manufacturing_Co." title="Head v. Amoskeag Manufacturing Co.">Head v. Amoskeag Manufacturing Co.</a></i> (1885)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monongahela_Nav._Co._v._United_States&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monongahela Nav. Co. v. United States (page does not exist)">Monongahela Nav. Co. v. United States</a></i> (1893)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chicago,_Burlington_%26_Quincy_Railroad_Co._v._City_of_Chicago" title="Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Co. v. City of Chicago">Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Co. v. City of Chicago</a></i> (1897)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peabody_v._United_States&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peabody v. United States (page does not exist)">Peabody v. United States</a></i> (1913)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_v._Cress&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United States v. Cress (page does not exist)">United States v. Cress</a></i> (1917)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Block_v._Hirsh" title="Block v. Hirsh">Block v. Hirsh</a></i> (1921)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Coal_Co._v._Mahon" title="Pennsylvania Coal Co. v. Mahon">Pennsylvania Coal Co. v. Mahon</a></i> (1922)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seaboard_Air_Line_Ry._Co._v._United_States&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seaboard Air Line Ry. Co. v. United States (page does not exist)">Seaboard Air Line Ry. Co. v. United States</a></i> (1923)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rindge_Company_v._County_of_Los_Angeles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rindge Company v. County of Los Angeles (page does not exist)">Rindge Company v. County of Los Angeles</a></i> (1923)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_v._Earle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leonard v. Earle (page does not exist)">Leonard v. Earle</a></i> (1929)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Louisville_Joint_Stock_Land_Bank_v._Radford" title="Louisville Joint Stock Land Bank v. Radford">Louisville Joint Stock Land Bank v. Radford</a></i> (1935)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_v._General_Motors_Corp.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United States v. General Motors Corp. (page does not exist)">United States v. General Motors Corp.</a></i> (1945)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Causby" title="United States v. Causby">United States v. Causby</a></i> (1946)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kimball_Laundry_Co._v._United_States" title="Kimball Laundry Co. v. United States">Kimball Laundry Co. v. United States</a></i> (1949)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_v._Pewee_Coal_Co.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United States v. Pewee Coal Co. (page does not exist)">United States v. Pewee Coal Co.</a></i> (1951)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Berman_v._Parker" title="Berman v. Parker">Berman v. Parker</a></i> (1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nelson_v._City_of_New_York&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nelson v. City of New York (page does not exist)">Nelson v. City of New York</a></i> (1956)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_v._Dow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United States v. Dow (page does not exist)">United States v. Dow</a></i> (1958)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Armstrong_v._United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Armstrong v. United States">Armstrong v. United States</a></i> (1960)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Penn_Central_Transportation_Co._v._New_York_City" title="Penn Central Transportation Co. v. New York City">Penn Central Transportation Co. v. New York City</a></i> (1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaiser_Aetna_v._United_States&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kaiser Aetna v. United States (page does not exist)">Kaiser Aetna v. United States</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Agins_v._City_of_Tiburon" title="Agins v. City of Tiburon">Agins v. City of Tiburon</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Webb%27s_Fabulous_Pharmacies,_Inc._v._Beckwith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Webb's Fabulous Pharmacies, Inc. v. Beckwith (page does not exist)">Webb's Fabulous Pharmacies, Inc. v. Beckwith</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Loretto_v._Teleprompter_Manhattan_CATV_Corp." title="Loretto v. Teleprompter Manhattan CATV Corp.">Loretto v. Teleprompter Manhattan CATV Corp.</a></i> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hawaii_Housing_Authority_v._Midkiff" title="Hawaii Housing Authority v. Midkiff">Hawaii Housing Authority v. Midkiff</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruckelshaus_v._Montanato_Company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruckelshaus v. Montanato Company (page does not exist)">Ruckelshaus v. Montanato Company</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Williamson_County_Regional_Planning_Commission_v._Hamilton_Bank_of_Johnson_City" title="Williamson County Regional Planning Commission v. Hamilton Bank of Johnson City">Williamson County Regional Planning Commission v. Hamilton Bank of Johnson City</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Riverside_Bayview" title="United States v. Riverside Bayview">United States v. Riverside Bayview</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Keystone_Bituminous_Coal_Ass%27n_v._DeBenedictis" title="Keystone Bituminous Coal Ass'n v. DeBenedictis">Keystone Bituminous Coal Ass'n v. DeBenedictis</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hodel v. Irving</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/First_English_Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_v._Los_Angeles_County" title="First English Evangelical Lutheran Church v. Los Angeles County">First English Evangelical Lutheran Church v. Los Angeles County</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nollan_v._California_Coastal_Commission" title="Nollan v. California Coastal Commission">Nollan v. California Coastal Commission</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pennell_v._City_of_San_Jose&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pennell v. City of San Jose (page does not exist)">Pennell v. City of San Jose</a></i> (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Preseault_v._Interstate_Commerce_Commission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Preseault v. Interstate Commerce Commission (page does not exist)">Preseault v. Interstate Commerce Commission</a></i> (1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yee_v._City_of_Escondido&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yee v. City of Escondido (page does not exist)">Yee v. City of Escondido</a></i> (1992)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lucas_v._South_Carolina_Coastal_Council" title="Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council">Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council</a></i> (1992)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dolan_v._City_of_Tigard" title="Dolan v. City of Tigard">Dolan v. City of Tigard</a></i> (1994)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Babbitt_v._Youpee" title="Babbitt v. Youpee">Babbitt v. Youpee</a></i> (1997)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Suitum_v._Tahoe_Regional_Planning_Agency" title="Suitum v. Tahoe Regional Planning Agency">Suitum v. Tahoe Regional Planning Agency</a></i> (1997)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phillips_v._Washington_Legal_Foundation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phillips v. Washington Legal Foundation (page does not exist)">Phillips v. Washington Legal Foundation</a></i> (1998)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Enterprises_v._Apfel" title="Eastern Enterprises v. Apfel">Eastern Enterprises v. Apfel</a></i> (1998)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Palazzolo_v._Rhode_Island" title="Palazzolo v. Rhode Island">Palazzolo v. Rhode Island</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tahoe-Sierra_Preservation_Council,_Inc._v._Tahoe_Regional_Planning_Agency" title="Tahoe-Sierra Preservation Council, Inc. v. Tahoe Regional Planning Agency">Tahoe-Sierra Preservation Council, Inc. v. Tahoe Regional Planning Agency</a></i> (2002)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brown_v._Legal_Foundation_of_Washington&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brown v. Legal Foundation of Washington (page does not exist)">Brown v. Legal Foundation of Washington</a></i> (2003)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lingle_v._Chevron_U.S.A._Inc." title="Lingle v. Chevron U.S.A. Inc.">Lingle v. 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