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珠海撞人事件:审查机器迅速启动,封闭信息扼杀质疑 - 纽约时报中文网
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class="article-header"><header><small></small><h1>珠海撞人事件:审查机器迅速启动,封闭信息扼杀质疑</h1></header><div class="byline-row"><div class="byline-box"><div class="byline"><address>王月眉</address><time pudate="2024-11-15 07:31:38" datetime="2024-11-15 07:31:38">2024年11月14日</time></div><div class="share-btn"><i class="icon-forward"></i></div></div></div></div><figure class="article-span-photo"><img src="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2024/11/13/multimedia/13china-ramming-01-hzbv/13china-ramming-01-hzbv-master1050.jpg" width="1050" height="700" alt="周二的珠海体育中心,这里一天前发生了司机开车冲撞人群的事件,造成至少35人死亡。"><figcaption><span>周二的珠海体育中心,这里一天前发生了司机开车冲撞人群的事件,造成至少35人死亡。</span> <cite>Hector Retamal/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images</cite></figcaption></figure><div class="row"><div class="article-left"><section class="article-body"><div class="article-partial"><div class="article-body-item col-lg-5"><div class="article-paragraph">在中国十年来已知的最致命暴力袭击发生两天后,官员们正在努力让其看似未曾发生。</div><div class="article-paragraph">在南方城市珠海的一个体育中心,一名62岁的男子<a href="https://cn.nytimes.com/china/20241113/china-car-attack-zhuhai/">驾驶一辆SUV冲撞人群</a>,造成至少35人死亡。周三,工作人员将前来悼念的民众在体育中心外面留下的鲜花迅速收走。穿着制服的警察和穿着便衣的官员驱散旁观者,并警告他们不要拍照。至少有43人在这次袭击中受伤,在收治伤者的医院里,地方官员坐在重症监护室外阻止记者与家属交谈。</div><div class="article-paragraph">“我在这儿守着,”一名自称当地街道工作人员的男子在记者进入病房时说。“不接受采访。”</div><div class="article-paragraph">中国互联网上的审查人员已行动起来,将所有这次袭击的视频、新闻报道和评论删除。袭击事件发生在周一,官员们在事件发生近24小时后才公布了一些细节,包括死亡人数。官方的通报只给了有限的细节,没有举行新闻发布会。</div></div></div><div class="big_ad" id="medium-rectangle-ad-0" data-target="{"pos":"mid1","adv":""}"><small>广告</small></div><div class="article-partial"><div class="article-body-item col-lg-5"><div class="article-paragraph">官方的这种反应完全是按照中国政府在发生了大规模惨剧后的惯用做法行事:阻止任何非官方的声音,包括目击者和幸存者,就事件发表言论。由官方来传递政府的维稳保证。将公开表达悲痛的场景最小化。</div><div class="article-paragraph">政府的目的是扼杀潜在的质疑和批评当局的声音,迫使公众尽快把事情忘掉。这个做法在很大程度上似乎奏效了。</div><div class="article-paragraph">袭击发生地珠海市的人口是240万,虽然那里的许多民众明显对此事感到震惊,但他们在周三表示,对政府推迟信息发布没有疑问,他们将推迟的原因归于政府需要先搞清楚出了什么状况。不断有人步行或搭乘出租车来到体育中心的入口处献花,但当官员们把鲜花收走并告诉他们不要逗留时,他们马上就服从了。</div><div class="article-paragraph">一名骑摩托的送货小哥把五束鲜花放在了那里,他说鲜花是他人从附近一家花店订购的。他说,他同意一整天都为那家花店送货,因为许多其他送货小哥不愿接活,担心受到警察的干预。就在他说这些话时,一名警察叫他离开那里。</div><div class="article-paragraph">工作人员将鲜花拿到附近的一栋建筑里,那里已被红色屏障临时封锁。“(我们正在对花进行)统一的规整化,”一名便衣男子在被问及为什么要把鲜花拿走时对记者说。“你看到我们的工作人员,他们是很庄重地拿着那些花。”</div><div class="article-paragraph"><figure class="article-inline-photo large"><div class="img-box"><img src="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2024/11/13/multimedia/13china-ramming-sub-gvjk/gvjk-master1050.jpg" alt="工作人员将摆放在体育中心外的临时悼念场所的鲜花拿走,摄于周三。" data-src="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2024/11/13/multimedia/13china-ramming-sub-gvjk/gvjk-master1050.jpg"></div><figcaption><span>工作人员将摆放在体育中心外的临时悼念场所的鲜花拿走,摄于周三。</span> <cite>Hector Retamal/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images</cite></figcaption></figure></div><div class="article-paragraph">那是一个巨大的体育中心,里面有游泳池、羽毛球场,以及两个带跑道的运动场。居民们说,那里平常很热闹。父母带着他们的孩子在那里散步,退休人员在那里跳广场舞,也有些人参加徒步团,这种活动在老年人中很受欢迎。</div><div class="article-paragraph">快到周一晚8点时,许多跳舞的人群播放的喧闹音乐突然被尖叫声打断。警方称,肇事司机开车冲破了体育中心的大门,高速驶向一群在一条跑道附近锻炼的人群。</div></div></div><div class="big_ad" id="medium-rectangle-ad-1" data-target="{"pos":"mid2","adv":""}"><small>广告</small></div><div class="article-partial"><div class="article-body-item col-lg-5"><div class="article-paragraph">目前尚不清楚他当时的车速,也不清楚冲撞持续了多长时间。发在X上的经《纽约时报》核实的视频显示,几十个人躺在地上一动不动。许多人穿着步行队的鲜艳制服。鞋子、包和其他个人物品散落在他们周围。</div><div class="article-paragraph">周三,体育中心的大部分地方仍可进入,但里面几乎空无一人,那里的商店也都关了门。袭击发生的地方已被金属屏障封锁,只允许警车进入。</div><div class="article-paragraph">体育中心旁边的一家篮球训练中心的经理说,他和同事们已决定关几天门,部分原因是他们的一些教练目睹了周一的袭击事件,仍心有余悸。周三,他带着约20名训练中心的员工在体育中心入口处献了花。</div><div class="article-paragraph">“我自己这几天都很压抑,”这名经理说,他只告诉记者他姓唐。(周一他不在现场。)“这么多人就这样走了。”</div><div class="article-paragraph">他还说,“(献花)算是过去做最简单的一个祭拜吧。”</div><div class="article-paragraph">附近一家酒类商店的叶姓老板(她只愿意透露自己的姓)说,周一的事情让她非常害怕,那天晚上她一直不敢离开商店。</div></div></div><div class="big_ad" id="medium-rectangle-ad-2" data-target="{"pos":"mid3","adv":""}"><small>广告</small></div><div class="article-partial"><div class="article-body-item col-lg-5"><div class="article-paragraph">中国已知的上一次造成如此多人死亡的暴力事件发生在2014年,当时新疆的一个市场发生袭击事件,造成<a href="https://cn.nytimes.com/china/20141209/c09xinjiang/">39人死亡</a>。</div><div class="article-paragraph">当局称,他们对珠海袭击事件的初步调查显示,袭击者姓樊,离婚后财产分割结果让他愤怒。警方说,他们目前无法对樊先生进行询问,因为他用刀把自己刺伤后处于昏迷状态。</div><div class="article-paragraph">官员们说,他们正在加强治安,以确保公共安全。周二晚,珠海所在的广东省官员<a rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" href="https://www.gd.gov.cn/xxts/content/post_4521920.html">承诺</a>将加强对<a rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" href="https://www.gd.gov.cn/xxts/content/post_4521920.html">法律、家庭和邻里纠纷</a>的注意力度,“从源头上加强风险防控。”</div><div class="article-paragraph">最近发生了一系列暴力袭击事件(包括几起学童被刺事件)后,近几个月里,各地政府已承诺“<a rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" href="http://www.qianyang.gov.cn/art/2024/3/21/art_4543_1729834.html">将‘五失’人员纳入视野</a>”。</div><div class="article-paragraph"><figure class="article-inline-photo large"><div class="img-box"><img src="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2024/11/13/multimedia/13china-ramming-add-02-vfqg/13china-ramming-add-02-vfqg-master1050.jpg" alt="周三,虽然体育中心的大部分仍对外开放,但那里几乎空无一人。" data-src="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2024/11/13/multimedia/13china-ramming-add-02-vfqg/13china-ramming-add-02-vfqg-master1050.jpg"></div><figcaption><span>周三,虽然体育中心的大部分仍对外开放,但那里几乎空无一人。</span> <cite>Tingshu Wang/Reuters</cite></figcaption></figure></div><div class="article-paragraph">但官员们显然也在关注外界对珠海驾车行凶事件的深入审视。社交媒体平台微博上发的袭击现场视频和照片现在仅显示为灰色的方块。几篇呼吁人们不要将暴力袭击视为孤立事件,而要深入分析其潜在的社会原因的博客文章都已消失。</div><div class="article-paragraph">呼吁政府提高透明的文章也被删除,比如资深记者褚朝新的一篇文章。“<span>我们还需要知道更多信息,我们也有权知道更多信息,”<a rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" href="https://chinadigitaltimes.net/chinese/713009.html">他写道</a></span>。“社会的稳定、人心的平静从容,从来不是靠制造信息真空可以实现的。”</div></div></div><div class="big_ad" id="medium-rectangle-ad-3" data-target="{"pos":"mid4","adv":""}"><small>广告</small></div><div class="article-partial"><div class="article-body-item col-lg-5"><div class="article-paragraph">尽管如此,香港浸会大学研究中国宣传和审查制度的新闻学教授闾丘露薇说,这类声音很可能是少数。大多数中国人无法访问未经审查的互联网,他们不太可能注意到存在信息真空。</div><div class="article-paragraph">“对那些能够获得信息的人来说,政府的做法将导致持续的失望甚至愤怒,”她说。“然而,对大多数无法及时获得信息或无法获得足够信息的人来说,影响微乎其微。”</div><div class="article-paragraph">就连在视频被删除之前已在周一通过社交媒体对事件有所了解的珠海民众也表示,他们已经习惯了信息鸿沟。</div><div class="article-paragraph">体育中心的一名园林工人说,他在袭击发生前已经下班回家,他认为很多人在分享帖子时可能会自我审查。</div><div class="article-paragraph">“哪里敢发呀,国家新闻部门发,你这样的哪里敢发?”这位姓姚的工人说道,并指出,所有社交媒体的个人资料都与用户的IP地址有关联,政府能通过IP地址找到用户的位置。他说,分享只会惹来麻烦。</div><div class="article-paragraph">姚先生正坐在体育中心边缘地带在抖音上看一段视频,视频中展示了前一天晚上那里摆放的鲜花。</div></div></div><div class="big_ad" id="medium-rectangle-ad-4" data-target="{"pos":"mid5","adv":""}"><small>广告</small></div><div class="article-partial"><div class="article-body-item col-lg-5"><div class="article-paragraph">几个小时后,在抖音上搜索珠海体育中心,只得到了14条结果,没有一条中有鲜花。</div></div><div class="article-body-aside col-lg-3"></div></div></section><footer class="author-info"><span><p>Siyi Zhao自珠海、Zixu Wang自香港对本文有研究贡献。</p><p>王月眉(Vivian Wang)是《纽约时报》驻华记者,常驻北京,撰写关于中国的崛起及雄心如何塑造普通人日常生活的报道。<a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://www.nytimes.com/by/vivian-wang">点击查看更多关于她的信息。</a></p><div data-poster="" class="css-53u6y8"><p>翻译:纽约时报中文网</p></div><div data-poster="" class=""><div data-poster="" class=""><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2024/11/13/world/asia/china-car-zhuhai-ramming.html">点击查看本文英文版。</a></div></div></span></footer></div></div></article><div class="container article-footer"><div class="row"><div class="col-lg-12 mobile-refer-cont" id="J_hideRefer"><div class="related-cont"><h4>相关报道</h4><ul class="refer-list"><li 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