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Available in 11 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-11" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">11 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="العلاقات الباكستانية الكازاخستانية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="العلاقات الباكستانية الكازاخستانية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qazax%C4%B1stan%E2%80%93Pakistan_m%C3%BCnasib%C9%99tl%C9%99ri" title="Qazaxıstan–Pakistan münasibətləri – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qazaxıstan–Pakistan münasibətləri" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Categor%C3%ADa:Relaciones_Kazajist%C3%A1n-Pakist%C3%A1n" title="Categoría:Relaciones Kazajistán-Pakistán – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Categoría:Relaciones Kazajistán-Pakistán" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%82%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%A1-%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B0%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Ղազախա-պակիստանական հարաբերություններ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ղազախա-պակիստանական հարաբերություններ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%97%D7%A1%D7%99_%D7%A4%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%9F%E2%80%93%D7%A7%D7%96%D7%97%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%9F" title="יחסי פקיסטן–קזחסטן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יחסי פקיסטן–קזחסטן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D2%9B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%E2%80%94_%D0%9F%D3%99%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D2%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Қазақстан — Пәкістан қатынастары – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Қазақстан — Пәкістан қатынастары" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%82%B6%E3%83%95%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%81%A8%E3%83%91%E3%82%AD%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%81%AE%E9%96%A2%E4%BF%82" title="カザフスタンとパキスタンの関係 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="カザフスタンとパキスタンの関係" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qozog%CA%BBiston_%E2%80%94_Pokiston_munosabatlari" title="Qozogʻiston — Pokiston munosabatlari – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Qozogʻiston — Pokiston munosabatlari" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%82%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="پاکستان قازقستان تعلقات – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="پاکستان قازقستان تعلقات" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Казахстанско-пакистанские отношения – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Казахстанско-пакистанские отношения" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakistan%E2%80%93Pakistan_ili%C5%9Fkileri" title="Kazakistan–Pakistan ilişkileri – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kazakistan–Pakistan ilişkileri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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.infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse;"><caption class="infobox-title">Pakistan-Kazakhstan relations</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pakistan_Kazakhstan_Locator.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Map indicating locations of Pakistan and Kazakhstan"><img alt="Map indicating locations of Pakistan and Kazakhstan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Pakistan_Kazakhstan_Locator.svg/250px-Pakistan_Kazakhstan_Locator.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Pakistan_Kazakhstan_Locator.svg/375px-Pakistan_Kazakhstan_Locator.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Pakistan_Kazakhstan_Locator.svg/500px-Pakistan_Kazakhstan_Locator.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="940" data-file-height="415" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey"></th></tr><tr style="height:0.6em"> <td style="background:#339933;"></td> <td style="background:#E08020;"></td> </tr><tr> <th scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/68px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/90px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></th> <th scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/90px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/120px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></th> </tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey">Diplomatic mission</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; text-align:center"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pakembkazakhstan.org/">Pakistan Embassy,<br />Astana</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/mfa-islamabad?lang=en">Kazakhstan Embassy,<br />Islamabad</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey">Envoy</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; text-align:center">Ambassador Dr. Sajjad Ahmed Seehar</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;">Ambassador Yerzhan Kistafin</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Kazakhstan–Pakistan relations</b> refer to the <a href="/wiki/Bilateralism" title="Bilateralism">bilateral</a> relations between the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Kazakhstan">Republic of Kazakhstan</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Republic_of_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic Republic of Pakistan">Islamic Republic of Pakistan</a>. Pakistan was among the first few countries which recognized Kazakhstan when it attained independence in December 1991. Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established in 1992 during an official visit by <a href="/wiki/President_of_Kazakhstan" title="President of Kazakhstan">Kazakh President</a> <a href="/wiki/Nursultan_Nazarbayev" title="Nursultan Nazarbayev">Nursultan Nazarbayev</a> to Pakistan.<sup id="cite_ref-kzmfa_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kzmfa-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pakistan and Kazakhstan enjoy cordial relations based on a common approach towards world issues as well as mutual understanding, <a href="/wiki/Islamic_brotherhood" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic brotherhood">Islamic brotherhood</a> and goodwill for each other.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2015, President Nursultan Nazarbayev himself stated that "I will never forget that Pakistan is one of the first countries to support our independence movement."<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As Kazakhstan is a landlocked country, Pakistan provides natural land routes and connectivity to the Eurasian heartland with the <a href="/wiki/Arabian_Sea" title="Arabian Sea">Arabian Sea</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South Asia</a>. Kazakhstan is an emerging market for Pakistani goods.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both countries have more than 35 MOUs in different fields.<sup id="cite_ref-Pak-Kazakh_rel_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pak-Kazakh_rel-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Country_Comparison">Country Comparison</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kazakhstan%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Country Comparison"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Common Name</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Official Name</th> <th>Islamic Republic of Pakistan</th> <th>Republic of Kazakhstan </th></tr> <tr> <td>Coat of Arms </td> <td style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg/130px-State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg/195px-State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg/260px-State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="587" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_latin.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_latin.svg/130px-Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_latin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_latin.svg/195px-Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_latin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_latin.svg/260px-Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_latin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Flag </td> <td style="text-align:center"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan"><img alt="Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/130px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/195px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/260px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan"><img alt="Kazakhstan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/130px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/195px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/260px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_area" title="List of countries and dependencies by area">Area</a> </td> <td>881,913 km<sup>2</sup> (340,509 sq mi) </td> <td>2,724,900 km<sup>2</sup> (1,052,100 sq mi) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by population">Population</a> </td> <td>212,742,631<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>18,448,600 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_and_dependent_territories_by_population_density" class="mw-redirect" title="List of sovereign states and dependent territories by population density">Population Density</a> </td> <td>244.4/km<sup>2</sup> (633/sq mi) </td> <td>7/km2 (18.1/sq mi) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_capitals" title="List of national capitals">Capital</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad">Islamabad</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Astana" title="Astana">Astana</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Largest Metropolitan Area </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Karachi" title="Karachi">Karachi</a> (14,910,352)<sup id="cite_ref-census2017_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2017-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Almaty" title="Almaty">Almaty</a> (2,039,376) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Government </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Federalism" title="Federalism">Federal</a> <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_system" title="Parliamentary system">Parliamentary</a> <a href="/wiki/Republic" title="Republic">Republic</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Presidential_republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidential republic">Unitary Presidential Republic</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Current Leader </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shehbaz_Sharif" title="Shehbaz Sharif">Shehbaz Sharif</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev" title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev">Kassym-Jomart Tokayev</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Official Languages </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Urdu</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kazak_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kazak language">Kazak</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal)">GDP (nominal)</a> </td> <td>$338.237 Billion<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>$164.207 Billion </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP)">GDP (PPP)</a> </td> <td>$1.195 Trillion<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>$534.271 Billion </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita">GDP (nominal) per Capita</a> </td> <td>$1,650 </td> <td>$8,763 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita">GDP (PPP) per Capita</a> </td> <td>$5,839 </td> <td>$28,514 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_Human_Development_Index" title="List of countries by Human Development Index">Human Development Index</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.562 (<span style="color:#fc0;">Medium</span>) </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.800 (<span style="color:#fc0;">Very High</span>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_military_expenditures" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by military expenditures">Military Expenditures</a> </td> <td>$9.6 Billion<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>$2.4 Billion </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kazakhstan%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Today's region of Pakistan and Kazakhstan had links since ancient times. Both Kazakhstan and Pakistan were interconnected via ancient silk routes. Due to historic ties, Central Asia including Kazakhstan has a great influence on modern-day Pakistan. During 1920–39, many Kazakhs being compelled by Soviet atrocities, had migrated to India. In response, the Central Council of the <a href="/wiki/All-India_Muslim_League" title="All-India Muslim League">AIML</a>, the highest decision-making organ of the party, in its meeting under the leadership of Muhammad Ali Jinnah (founder of Pakistan), adopted a resolution on February 23, 1942, at Delhi, in which the party expressed a deep extreme concern and worry about conditions of the Kazakh migrants, and demanded the then government to do proper arrangements and provisions for Kazakhs. Consequently, they were settled peacefully in the North Western parts of India (the northern areas of current Pakistan).<sup id="cite_ref-Pak-Kazakh_relations_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pak-Kazakh_relations-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pakistan was among the first countries to recognize Kazakhstan. The diplomatic relations between the modern states of Pakistan and Kazakhstan were further tightened since the visit of Nursultan Nazarbayev of <a href="/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad">Islamabad</a> in 1992 during which he signed the many important documents that established the legal basis for the development of bilateral relations. Pakistan and Kazakhstan also share the same time zone.<sup id="cite_ref-Pak-Kazakh_rel_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pak-Kazakh_rel-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diplomacy">Diplomacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kazakhstan%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Diplomacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <dl><dt>Of Pakistan</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astana" title="Astana">Astana</a> (embassy)</li></ul> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <dl><dt>Of Kazakhstan</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad">Islamabad</a> (embassy)</li></ul> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pakistani_Ambassadors_to_Kazakhstan">Pakistani Ambassadors to Kazakhstan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kazakhstan%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Pakistani Ambassadors to Kazakhstan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Embassy since 1992 </p> <ol><li>Riaz Muhammad Khan, Mr. Riaz Muhammad Khan 1992-1995</li> <li>Sultan Hayat Khan, Mr. Sultan Hayat Khan 1995-1999</li> <li>Rashid Ahmed, Mr. Rasheed Ahmed 1999-2000</li> <li>Durray Shahwar Qureshi, Ms. Durray Shahwar Kureshi 2001-2005</li> <li>Irfanur Rehman Raja, Mr. Irfan ur Rehman Raja 2005-2010</li> <li>AkhtarTufail, Mr. Akhtar Tufail 2010-2013</li> <li>Shaukat Ali Mukadam, Shaukat Ali Mukadam 2013 - 2014</li> <li>Abdul Salik Khan, Mr. Abdul Salik Khan February 2015 - July 2018</li> <li>Imtiaz Ahmad Qazi, Dr. Imtiaz Ahmad Kazi 2018 - 2020</li> <li>Sajjad Ahmed Sihar, Mr. Sajjad Ahmed Seehar 2020 - up to now</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kazakhstan%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-kzmfa-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-kzmfa_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://portal.mfa.kz/portal/page/portal/mfa/en/content/policy/cooperation/asia_africa/03">Cooperation of the Republic of Kazakhstan with the Islamic Republic of Pakistan</a> Kazakhstan Ministry of Foreign Affairs Retrieved January 22, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110727052822/http://portal.mfa.kz/portal/page/portal/mfa/en/content/policy/cooperation/asia_africa/03">Archived</a> July 27, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191118014053/http://www.pakistanembassy.kz/Bilateral_Relations.html">"Embassy of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, Astana, Kazakhstan"</a>. <i>www.pakistanembassy.kz</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-08-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.pakistanembassy.kz&rft.atitle=Embassy+of+the+Islamic+Republic+of+Pakistan%2C+Astana%2C+Kazakhstan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pakistanembassy.kz%2FBilateral_Relations.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKazakhstan%E2%80%93Pakistan+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDiplomat" class="citation web cs1">Diplomat, Ankit Panda, The. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thediplomat.com/2015/08/pakistan-and-kazakhstan-look-to-increase-cooperation/">"Pakistan and Kazakhstan Look to Increase Cooperation"</a>. <i>The Diplomat</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Islamic Research Institute, International Islamic University, Islamabad: 381–391. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/20840174">20840174</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Islamic+Studies&rft.atitle=The+All+India+Muslim+League+and+Central+Asia&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2%2F3&rft.pages=381-391&rft.date=1994&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F20840174%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=MALIK&rft.aufirst=NADEEM+SHAFIQ&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F20840174&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKazakhstan%E2%80%93Pakistan+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kazakhstan%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kazembpakistan.com/">Embassy of Kazakhstan to Pakistan</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081120192921/http://www.kazembpakistan.com/">Archived</a> 2008-11-20 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Pakistan&#124;link=Pakistan_Foreign_relations_of_Pakistan" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Pakistan" title="Template:Foreign relations of Pakistan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Foreign_relations_of_Pakistan" title="Template talk:Foreign relations of Pakistan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li 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title="Foreign relations of Pakistan">Foreign relations of Pakistan</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Bilateral_relations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bilateralism" title="Bilateralism">Bilateral</a> relations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algeria%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Algeria–Pakistan relations">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Egypt–Pakistan relations">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Kenya–Pakistan relations">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Libya–Pakistan relations">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritius%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Mauritius–Pakistan relations">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Morocco–Pakistan relations">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigeria%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Nigeria–Pakistan relations">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Somalia_relations" title="Pakistan–Somalia relations">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93South_Africa_relations" title="Pakistan–South Africa relations">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="Pakistan–Sudan relations">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Tunisia_relations" title="Pakistan–Tunisia relations">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Zimbabwe_relations" title="Pakistan–Zimbabwe relations">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentina%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Argentina–Pakistan relations">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Brazil–Pakistan relations">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Canada–Pakistan relations">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Chile–Pakistan relations">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Cuba–Pakistan relations">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Mexico–Pakistan relations">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Pakistan–United States relations">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93United_States_military_relations" title="Pakistan–United States military relations">military</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Afghanistan–Pakistan relations">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Armenia–Pakistan relations">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Azerbaijan–Pakistan relations">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Bahrain–Pakistan relations">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Bangladesh–Pakistan relations">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhutan%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Bhutan–Pakistan relations">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunei%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Brunei–Pakistan relations">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodia%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Cambodia–Pakistan relations">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="China–Pakistan relations">China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Hong Kong–Pakistan relations">Hong Kong</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="India–Pakistan relations">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Indonesia–Pakistan relations">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Iran–Pakistan relations">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Iraq–Pakistan relations">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Israel–Pakistan relations">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Japan–Pakistan relations">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Jordan–Pakistan relations">Jordan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Kyrgyzstan–Pakistan relations">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Kuwait–Pakistan relations">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laos%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Laos–Pakistan relations">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Lebanon–Pakistan relations">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maldives%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Maldives–Pakistan relations">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Malaysia–Pakistan relations">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Myanmar–Pakistan relations">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepal%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Nepal–Pakistan relations">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="North Korea–Pakistan relations">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oman%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Oman–Pakistan relations">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Palestine_relations" title="Pakistan–Palestine relations">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Philippines_relations" title="Pakistan–Philippines relations">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Qatar_relations" title="Pakistan–Qatar relations">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_relations" title="Pakistan–Saudi Arabia relations">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Singapore_relations" title="Pakistan–Singapore relations">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Sri_Lanka_relations" title="Pakistan–Sri Lanka relations">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93South_Korea_relations" title="Pakistan–South Korea relations">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Syria_relations" title="Pakistan–Syria relations">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Tajikistan_relations" title="Pakistan–Tajikistan relations">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Thailand_relations" title="Pakistan–Thailand relations">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Turkey_relations" title="Pakistan–Turkey relations">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Turkmenistan_relations" title="Pakistan–Turkmenistan relations">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Pakistan–United Arab Emirates relations">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Uzbekistan_relations" title="Pakistan–Uzbekistan relations">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Pakistan–Vietnam relations">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Yemen_relations" title="Pakistan–Yemen relations">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austria%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Austria–Pakistan relations">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarus%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Belarus–Pakistan relations">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgium%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Belgium–Pakistan relations">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina–Pakistan relations">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Czech Republic–Pakistan relations">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Denmark–Pakistan relations">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Finland–Pakistan relations">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="France–Pakistan relations">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Germany–Pakistan relations">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Greece–Pakistan relations">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Holy See–Pakistan relations">Holy See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Hungary–Pakistan relations">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ireland%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Ireland–Pakistan relations">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Italy–Pakistan relations">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Kosovo–Pakistan relations">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Malta–Pakistan relations">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netherlands%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Netherlands–Pakistan relations">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norway%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Norway–Pakistan relations">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Poland_relations" title="Pakistan–Poland relations">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Pakistan–Russia relations">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Serbia_relations" title="Pakistan–Serbia relations">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Spain_relations" title="Pakistan–Spain relations">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Switzerland_relations" title="Pakistan–Switzerland relations">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Pakistan–Ukraine relations">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="Pakistan–United Kingdom relations">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Australia–Pakistan relations">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="New Zealand–Pakistan relations">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Samoa_relations" title="Pakistan–Samoa relations">Samoa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Germany%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="East Germany–Pakistan relations">East Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Soviet_Union_relations" title="Pakistan–Soviet Union relations">Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Yugoslavia_relations" title="Pakistan–Yugoslavia relations">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="State emblem of Pakistan"><img alt="State emblem of Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="52" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg/68px-State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg/90px-State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="587" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Multilateral_relations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Multilateralism" title="Multilateralism">Multilateral</a> relations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab–Pakistan relations">Arab League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Pakistan–European Union relations">European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_and_the_United_Nations" title="Pakistan and the United Nations">United Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_and_the_International_Monetary_Fund" title="Pakistan and the International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_and_the_Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Pakistan and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">Organisation of Islamic Cooperation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="Pakistan–NATO relations">North Atlantic Treaty Organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CERN" title="CERN">European Organization for Nuclear Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniting_for_Consensus" title="Uniting for Consensus">Uniting for Consensus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Cooperation_Organisation" title="Shanghai Cooperation Organisation">Shanghai Cooperation Organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Asian_Association_for_Regional_Cooperation" title="South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation">South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Cooperation_Organization" title="Economic Cooperation Organization">Economic Cooperation Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth of Nations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Diplomacy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Diplomacy</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diplomacy and initiatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Armed_Forces_deployments" title="Pakistan Armed Forces deployments">Foreign deployments of the Pakistani military</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_peacekeeping_missions_involving_Pakistan" title="United Nations peacekeeping missions involving Pakistan">UN peacekeeping missions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Armed_Forces#Foreign_military_relations" title="Pakistan Armed Forces">Foreign military assistance</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Nathiagali_Summer_College_on_Physics" title="International Nathiagali Summer College on Physics">International Nathiagali Summer College on Physics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Technical_Assistance_Programme" title="Pakistan Technical Assistance Programme">Pakistan Technical Assistance Programme</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Disputes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kashmir_conflict" title="Kashmir conflict">Kashmir dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Bangladesh Liberation War">Bangladesh Liberation War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1971_Bangladesh_genocide" class="mw-redirect" title="1971 Bangladesh genocide">genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_killing_of_Bengali_intellectuals" title="1971 killing of Bengali intellectuals">killing intellectuals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rape_during_the_Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Rape during the Bangladesh Liberation War">Rape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stranded_Pakistanis_in_Bangladesh" title="Stranded Pakistanis in Bangladesh">Stranded Pakistanis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Creek" title="Sir Creek">Sir Creek dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wars_and_conflicts_between_India_and_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Wars and conflicts between India and Pakistan">Conflicts with India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Attacks_on_diplomatic_missions_of_Pakistan" title="Category:Attacks on diplomatic missions of Pakistan">Terrorist attacks on embassies of Pakistan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Pakistan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Pakistan)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Pakistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs (Pakistan)">Minister of Foreign Affairs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Pakistan" title="List of diplomatic missions of Pakistan">Diplomatic missions of Pakistan</a>/<a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Pakistan" title="List of diplomatic missions in Pakistan">in Pakistan</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Karachi" title="List of diplomatic missions in Karachi">in Karachi</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_aid_to_Pakistan" title="Foreign aid to Pakistan">Foreign aid to Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_trade_of_Pakistan" title="Foreign trade of Pakistan">Foreign trade of Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_diaspora" title="Pakistani diaspora">Pakistani diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pakistani_diplomats" title="Category:Pakistani diplomats">Pakistani diplomats</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Kazakhstan&#124;link=Kazakhstan_Foreign_relations_of_Kazakhstan" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Kazakhstan" title="Template:Foreign relations of Kazakhstan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Foreign_relations_of_Kazakhstan" title="Template talk:Foreign relations of Kazakhstan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Kazakhstan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign relations of Kazakhstan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Kazakhstan&#124;link=Kazakhstan_Foreign_relations_of_Kazakhstan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan"><img alt="Kazakhstan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Kazakhstan" title="Foreign relations of Kazakhstan">Foreign relations of Kazakhstan</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brazil%E2%80%93Kazakhstan_relations" title="Brazil–Kazakhstan relations">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93Kazakhstan_relations" title="Canada–Kazakhstan relations">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Kazakhstan–Mexico relations">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Kazakhstan–United States relations">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_latin.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Emblem of Kazakhstan"><img alt="Emblem of Kazakhstan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_latin.svg/90px-Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_latin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_latin.svg/135px-Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_latin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_latin.svg/180px-Emblem_of_Kazakhstan_latin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan%E2%80%93Kazakhstan_relations" title="Afghanistan–Kazakhstan relations">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Kazakhstan_relations" title="Armenia–Kazakhstan relations">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan%E2%80%93Kazakhstan_relations" title="Azerbaijan–Kazakhstan relations">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93Kazakhstan_relations" title="Bangladesh–Kazakhstan relations">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Kazakhstan_relations" title="China–Kazakhstan relations">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Kazakhstan_relations" title="India–Kazakhstan relations">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93Kazakhstan_relations" title="Indonesia–Kazakhstan relations">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Kazakhstan_relations" title="Iran–Kazakhstan relations">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Kazakhstan_relations" title="Israel–Kazakhstan relations">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93Kyrgyzstan_relations" title="Kazakhstan–Kyrgyzstan relations">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93Malaysia_relations" title="Kazakhstan–Malaysia relations">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93Mongolia_relations" title="Kazakhstan–Mongolia relations">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93Palestine_relations" title="Kazakhstan–Palestine relations">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93Qatar_relations" title="Kazakhstan–Qatar relations">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan-Singapore_relations" title="Kazakhstan-Singapore relations">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93South_Korea_relations" title="Kazakhstan–South Korea relations">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93Turkey_relations" title="Kazakhstan–Turkey relations">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93Turkmenistan_relations" title="Kazakhstan–Turkmenistan relations">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93Uzbekistan_relations" title="Kazakhstan–Uzbekistan relations">Uzbekistan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austria%E2%80%93Kazakhstan_relations" title="Austria–Kazakhstan relations">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic%E2%80%93Kazakhstan_relations" title="Czech Republic–Kazakhstan relations">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Kazakhstan_relations" title="Denmark–Kazakhstan relations">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland%E2%80%93Kazakhstan_relations" title="Finland–Kazakhstan relations">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France%E2%80%93Kazakhstan_relations" title="France–Kazakhstan relations">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93Kazakhstan_relations" title="Germany–Kazakhstan relations">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece%E2%80%93Kazakhstan_relations" title="Greece–Kazakhstan relations">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary%E2%80%93Kazakhstan_relations" title="Hungary–Kazakhstan relations">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy%E2%80%93Kazakhstan_relations" title="Italy–Kazakhstan relations">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93Kosovo_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Kazakhstan–Kosovo relations">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93Netherlands_relations" title="Kazakhstan–Netherlands relations">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93Poland_relations" title="Kazakhstan–Poland relations">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Kazakhstan–Russia relations">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93Serbia_relations" title="Kazakhstan–Serbia relations">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93Spain_relations" title="Kazakhstan–Spain relations">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Kazakhstan–Ukraine relations">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="Kazakhstan–United Kingdom relations">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Multilateral relations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OIC" class="mw-redirect" title="OIC">OIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C5%2B1" title="C5+1">C5+1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Kazakhstan–European Union relations">European Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Kazakhstan" title="List of diplomatic missions of Kazakhstan">Diplomatic missions of Kazakhstan</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Kazakhstan" title="List of diplomatic missions in Kazakhstan">in Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Kazakhstan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Kazakhstan)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan_and_the_United_Nations" title="Kazakhstan and the United Nations">United Nations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" 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