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Available in 29 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-29" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">29 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A6%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AC%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B3" title="بئشینجی آندرونیکوس – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بئشینجی آندرونیکوس" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA_V_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3" title="Андронік V Палеалог – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Андронік V Палеалог" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_V_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3" title="Андроник V Палеолог – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Андроник V Палеолог" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%B2nic_V_Pale%C3%B2leg" title="Andrònic V Paleòleg – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Andrònic V Paleòleg" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andronikos_V." title="Andronikos V. – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Andronikos V." data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%B4%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%95%CE%84_%CE%A0%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BB%CF%8C%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Ανδρόνικος Ε΄ Παλαιολόγος – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ανδρόνικος Ε΄ Παλαιολόγος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%B3nico_V_Pale%C3%B3logo" title="Andrónico V Paleólogo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Andrónico V Paleólogo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Androniko_V.a_Paleologo" title="Androniko V.a Paleologo – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Androniko V.a Paleologo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B3_%D9%BE%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%85" title="آندرونیکوس پنجم – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آندرونیکوس پنجم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andronic_V_Pal%C3%A9ologue" title="Andronic V Paléologue – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Andronic V Paléologue" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%B3nico_V_Pale%C3%B3logo" title="Andrónico V Paleólogo – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Andrónico V Paleólogo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andronico_V_Paleologo" title="Andronico V Paleologo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Andronico V Paleologo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%94_V_(%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%90)" title="ანდრონიკე V (ბიზანტია) – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ანდრონიკე V (ბიზანტია)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_V_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3" title="Андроник V Палеолог – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Андроник V Палеолог" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B3_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B3" title="اندرونيكوس الخامس باليولوجوس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اندرونيكوس الخامس باليولوجوس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%83%AD%E3%83%8B%E3%82%B3%E3%82%B95%E4%B8%96%E3%83%91%E3%83%AC%E3%82%AA%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B4%E3%82%B9" title="アンドロニコス5世パレオロゴス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アンドロニコス5世パレオロゴス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andronik_V_Paleolog" title="Andronik V Paleolog – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Andronik V Paleolog" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%B4nico_V_Pale%C3%B3logo" title="Andrônico V Paleólogo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Andrônico V Paleólogo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andronic_al_V-lea_Paleologul" title="Andronic al V-lea Paleologul – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Andronic al V-lea Paleologul" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_V_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3" title="Андроник V Палеолог – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Андроник V Палеолог" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andronik_V._Paleolog" title="Andronik V. Paleolog – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Andronik V. Paleolog" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_V_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3" title="Андроник V Палеолог – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Андроник V Палеолог" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andronikos_V_Palaiologos" title="Andronikos V Palaiologos – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Andronikos V Palaiologos" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andronikos_V_Palaiologos" title="Andronikos V Palaiologos – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Andronikos V Palaiologos" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/V._Andronikos" title="V. Andronikos – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="V. Andronikos" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA_V_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3" title="Андронік V Палеолог – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Андронік V Палеолог" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andronikos_V_Palaiologos" title="Andronikos V Palaiologos – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Andronikos V Palaiologos" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andronikos_V" title="Andronikos V – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Andronikos V" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%B7%E6%B4%9B%E5%B0%BC%E5%8D%A1%E4%BA%94%E4%B8%96" title="安德洛尼卡五世 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="安德洛尼卡五世" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q37089#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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Click here for more information." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/19px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/29px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/39px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Emperor and Autocrat of the Romans</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%">Andronikos V Palaiologos</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_Byzantine_emperors" title="List of Byzantine emperors">Emperor and Autocrat of the Romans</a></i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Andronikos_V_Palaiologos_and_family.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Andronikos_V_Palaiologos_and_family.jpg/220px-Andronikos_V_Palaiologos_and_family.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Andronikos_V_Palaiologos_and_family.jpg/330px-Andronikos_V_Palaiologos_and_family.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Andronikos_V_Palaiologos_and_family.jpg/440px-Andronikos_V_Palaiologos_and_family.jpg 2x" data-file-width="586" data-file-height="603" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-bottom:0.2em;padding-top:0.2em;">Andronikos V (center) and his parents, as depicted in an ivory <a href="/wiki/Pyxis_(vessel)" title="Pyxis (vessel)">pyxis</a> from <a href="/wiki/Thessalonica" class="mw-redirect" title="Thessalonica">Thessalonica</a>. The letters ANΔP are written above his head, standing for Ανδρ(όνικος)</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_co-emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine co-emperor">Byzantine co-emperor</a> in <a href="/wiki/Thessalonica" class="mw-redirect" title="Thessalonica">Thessalonica</a> <div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal" class="noprint"><br /><i>under <a href="/wiki/John_VII_Palaiologos" title="John VII Palaiologos">John VII Palaiologos</a></i> </div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1403–1407</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1400<br /><a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a><br />(now <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1407 (aged 7)<br /><a href="/wiki/Thessalonica" class="mw-redirect" title="Thessalonica">Thessalonica</a><br />(now <a href="/wiki/Thessaloniki" title="Thessaloniki">Thessaloniki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">Dynasty</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Palaiologos" title="Palaiologos">Palaiologos</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_VII_Palaiologos" title="John VII Palaiologos">John VII Palaiologos</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mother</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Irene_Gattilusio" title="Irene Gattilusio">Irene Gattilusio</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Andronikos V Palaiologos</b> or <b>Andronicus V Palaeologus</b> (<a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">Ανδρόνικος Παλαιολόγος</span>; <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1400–1407) was the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine</a> ruler of the city of <a href="/wiki/Thessaloniki" title="Thessaloniki">Thessalonica</a> and surrounding territories from 1403 to his death in 1407, alongside his father <a href="/wiki/John_VII_Palaiologos" title="John VII Palaiologos">John VII Palaiologos</a>. Though they did not control <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>, John and Andronikos ruled Thessalonica with the full Byzantine imperial title, recognized by the ruling senior emperor, John VII's uncle <a href="/wiki/Manuel_II_Palaiologos" title="Manuel II Palaiologos">Manuel II Palaiologos</a>. </p><p>Recognized as third-in-line to Constantinople, Andronikos' parents had high hopes for his future and regarded him as the future legitimate senior Byzantine emperor. These hopes were dashed when Andronikos died in 1407, just seven years old. On account of his ephemeral status and short life, Andronikos is a shadowy historical figure of whom little is known. He was not acknowledged by modern historians until 1967, who had previously believed John VII to be childless. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life">Life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andronikos_V_Palaiologos&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Andronikos V Palaiologos was born <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1400.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKazhdan1991Andronikos_V_Palaiologos_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKazhdan1991Andronikos_V_Palaiologos-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDennis1967179_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDennis1967179-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The only son of <a href="/wiki/John_VII_Palaiologos" title="John VII Palaiologos">John VII Palaiologos</a> (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> </span> 1390, 1403–1408) and his wife <a href="/wiki/Irene_Gattilusio" title="Irene Gattilusio">Irene Gattilusio</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDennis1967176_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDennis1967176-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOikonomides1977332_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOikonomides1977332-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Andronikos was named after his paternal grandfather, <a href="/wiki/Andronikos_IV_Palaiologos" title="Andronikos IV Palaiologos">Andronikos IV Palaiologos</a> (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> </span> 1376–1379).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOikonomides1977332_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOikonomides1977332-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> John VII had briefly ruled the Byzantine Empire in 1390, after usurping the throne from his grandfather, <a href="/wiki/John_V_Palaiologos" title="John V Palaiologos">John V Palaiologos</a> (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> </span> 1341–1391). Although John VII had been deposed after just five months on the throne,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeonte201247_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeonte201247-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he never gave up his claim to be the legitimate senior emperor, even after the accession of John V's successor, <a href="/wiki/Manuel_II_Palaiologos" title="Manuel II Palaiologos">Manuel II Palaiologos</a> (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> </span> 1391–1425), John VII's uncle, in 1391.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeonte201247_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeonte201247-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKapsalis199455_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKapsalis199455-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After a long feud between the two, and risking civil war, Manuel and John VII reached an agreement in 1403, in which John VII, still officially a junior emperor, would reign alone after Manuel's death. Per the agreement, John VII would then be succeeded by Manuel's son, <a href="/wiki/John_VIII_Palaiologos" title="John VIII Palaiologos">John VIII Palaiologos</a> (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> </span> 1425–1448), who in turn would be succeeded by John VII's son, Andronikos V. Additionally, John VII was granted the city of <a href="/wiki/Thessalonica" class="mw-redirect" title="Thessalonica">Thessalonica</a>, whom he had recently been responsible for returning to Byzantine control, and was also allowed to keep the title of emperor.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeonte201249_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeonte201249-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shortly after arriving in Thessalonica in 1403, John VII established his own imperial court there and crowned Andronikos V as co-emperor.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeonte201250–51_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeonte201250–51-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The emperors in Thessalonica continued to use the full imperial title, which they were entitled to per the agreement with Manuel, employing both the styles <i><a href="/wiki/Basileus" title="Basileus">basileus</a></i> (emperor) and <i><a href="/wiki/Autokrator" title="Autokrator">autokrator</a></i> (autocrat).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeonte201252_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeonte201252-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> John VII regarded Andronikos V not just as his own successor, but also the future legitimate senior Byzantine emperor. John VII's entry into Thessalonica was commemorated in a Byzantine ivory <a href="/wiki/Pyxis_(vessel)" title="Pyxis (vessel)">pyxis</a> (a cylindrical box with a lid), today housed at <a href="/wiki/Dumbarton_Oaks" title="Dumbarton Oaks">Dumbarton Oaks</a>, which depicts the families of both John VII and Manuel.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOikonomides1977329–331_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOikonomides1977329–331-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pyxis notably depicts Andronikos V more prominently than Manuel's son John VIII, despite John VIII being both older and higher in the line of succession.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeonte201251_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeonte201251-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The plans and hopes for Andronikos V's future fell through when he died <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1407, at the age of seven.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOikonomides1977332_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOikonomides1977332-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeonte201251_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeonte201251-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDennis1967175_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDennis1967175-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Monody" title="Monody">Monodies</a> (lamentations for a death) were composed for Andronikos and John VII succumbed to intense grief. The <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_of_Thessalonica" class="mw-redirect" title="Metropolitan of Thessalonica">Metropolitan of Thessalonica</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel_I_of_Thessalonica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gabriel I of Thessalonica (page does not exist)">Gabriel I</a>, wrote a consolatory letter to John VII. In his letter, Gabriel wrote that he too grieved, since he had prayed that the young emperor would grow to adulthood and succeed his father and also stated that he regretted not being present in Thessalonica at the time to offer consolation and sympathy in person.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDennis1967177_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDennis1967177-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> John VII died not long after Andronikos, on 22 September 1408,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDennis1967175_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDennis1967175-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ending the Byzantine <a href="/wiki/Diarchy" title="Diarchy">diarchy</a> established in 1403 and John VII's rival imperial lineage.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeonte201251_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeonte201251-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historiography">Historiography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andronikos_V_Palaiologos&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Historiography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Byzantine_Ivory_Pyxis_from_Thessalonica.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Byzantine_Ivory_Pyxis_from_Thessalonica.png/370px-Byzantine_Ivory_Pyxis_from_Thessalonica.png" decoding="async" width="370" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Byzantine_Ivory_Pyxis_from_Thessalonica.png/555px-Byzantine_Ivory_Pyxis_from_Thessalonica.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Byzantine_Ivory_Pyxis_from_Thessalonica.png/740px-Byzantine_Ivory_Pyxis_from_Thessalonica.png 2x" data-file-width="2196" data-file-height="514" /></a><figcaption>The full artwork of the ivory pyxis which includes a depiction of Andronikos V</figcaption></figure> <p>As a short-lived child emperor, Andronikos is a shadowy and ephemeral figure of whom little source material survives. He was only recently acknowledged by <a href="/wiki/Byzantinists" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantinists">Byzantinists</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKazhdan1991Andronikos_V_Palaiologos_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKazhdan1991Andronikos_V_Palaiologos-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Andronikos was first identified by <a href="/w/index.php?title=George_T._Dennis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George T. Dennis (page does not exist)">George T. Dennis</a> in 1967, with John VII previously believed to have been childless. Dennis based his argument for Andronikos' existence mainly on two previously unpublished manuscripts, one containing a monody and the other containing a consolatory letter to an emperor from a bishop.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDennis1967175_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDennis1967175-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The monody is titled "Monody on the death of the Lord Emperor Andronikos Palaiologos, the son of Lord John the nephew of Lord Emperor Manuel, at the age of seven years",<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> expliclity identifying the name, father, and age of the child, as well as confirming that he was emperor.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDennis1967176_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDennis1967176-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The consolatory letter was identified as written by Gabriel of Thessalonica, which means that the timeframe only fits if he wrote to John VII concerning Andronikos' death.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDennis1967177_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDennis1967177-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dennis also used the 1403 succession agreement between John VII and Manuel as evidence. The surviving documents only state that John VII would become senior emperor after Manuel, and then be followed by "Manuel's son", who would be followed by "the son of John". Though this could be interpreted as a future supposed child of John, Dennis interpreted it as evidence that John already had a son (Andronikos) by this point.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDennis1967178–179_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDennis1967178–179-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The sole surviving depiction of the emperor, the ivory pyxis from Thessalonica, was first studied in 1899, though the researcher, <a href="/wiki/Josef_Strzygowski" title="Josef Strzygowski">Josef Strzygowski</a>, was uncertain as to what imperial family was depicted given that the father John, mother Irene and son Andronikos did not appear to match any known family.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStrzygowski1899262_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStrzygowski1899262-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1960, <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Grabar" title="André Grabar">André Grabar</a> proposed that the artwork depicted <a href="/wiki/John_VI_Kantakouzenos" title="John VI Kantakouzenos">John VI Kantakouzenos</a>, his wife <a href="/wiki/Irene_Asanina" title="Irene Asanina">Irene</a> and their grandson Andronikos IV Palaiologos, an explanation also accepted by <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Weitzmann" title="Kurt Weitzmann">Kurt Weitzmann</a> in 1972. This identification presents problems due to difficulties in then identifying the second imperial family depicted (Manuel II, his wife <a href="/wiki/Helena_Draga%C5%A1" title="Helena Dragaš">Helena</a> and their son John VIII) and their connection to the first family. The identification of the first family as that of John VII was first proposed by <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Oikonomides" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicolas Oikonomides">Nicolas Oikonomides</a> in 1977.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOikonomides1977329–330_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOikonomides1977329–330-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Whether Andronikos is most appropriately considered a <a href="/wiki/Despot_(court_title)" title="Despot (court title)">despot</a> of Thessalonica,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeonte2020323_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeonte2020323-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a purely nominal or titular co-emperor,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEÇelik2021xxi_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEÇelik2021xxi-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMladjov2015300_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMladjov2015300-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or a full emperor<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKazhdan1991Andronikos_V_Palaiologos_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKazhdan1991Andronikos_V_Palaiologos-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDennis1967175_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDennis1967175-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> varies between sources. It is general practice among Byzantinists to only view actually reigning senior rulers as emperors, eliminating junior co-rulers who, though they had the same titles, often only had nominal power.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMladjov2015300_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMladjov2015300-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFoss2005101_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFoss2005101-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are some exceptions, notably the earlier <a href="/wiki/Michael_IX_Palaiologos" title="Michael IX Palaiologos">Michael IX Palaiologos</a> (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> </span>1294–1320), whose rule was fully encompassed by that of his father, <a href="/wiki/Andronikos_II_Palaiologos" title="Andronikos II Palaiologos">Andronikos II Palaiologos</a> (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> </span> 1282–1328). Regardless of the status ascribed to Andronikos V, his enumeration as emperor is unproblematic given that no further emperors named Andronikos reigned after him.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMladjov2015300_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMladjov2015300-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The numeral was first assigned to Andronikos by George T. Dennis in 1967.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDennis1967175_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDennis1967175-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andronikos_V_Palaiologos&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Andronikos cannot have been born earlier than December 1399, when John VII was made <a href="/wiki/Regent" title="Regent">regent</a> in Constantinople upon Manuel II's journey to Western Europe. John VII is mentioned as being accompanied to Constantinople by his mother and his wife, with no mention of a child. It is also unlikely that Manuel would have entrusted the notoriously ambitious John to act as regent if John had already fathered an heir. Given that Andronikos died at the age of seven, before his father, and John VII died in 1408, Andronikos cannot have been born later than 1401.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDennis1967179_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDennis1967179-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Given that Andronikos predeceased his father, he must have died before 22 September 1408. The surviving source material specifies that he died at the age of seven.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDennis1967179_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDennis1967179-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The full monody reads "Never has anything more sorrowful and difficult to bear occurred than at present, for nobody can refrain from grieving at the death of this beautiful imperial child, the young Andronikos. What can anyone say in the face of such a grievous loss? The imperial couple, your parents, placed their hopes in you, their only joy, and confidently regarded you gladly as their successor. But now you have brought unbearable sorrow to them and to all of us. What consolation can we find in our distress? Scarcely did we behold this imperial child, when suddenly he departed from our midst. With the prophet <a href="/wiki/Jeremiah" title="Jeremiah">Jeremiah</a> we lament, not for <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>, but for this wonderful imperial child, Andronikos Palaiologos. While weeping various thoughts came to me. Does my beautiful emperor, so young, still play somewhere on Earth? No, for he is covered by a small tomb. Yet, despite our grief, there is cause to be glad, for although the emperor's body is in the grave, his soul is with Christ in Paradise. This realization changed my sorrow to joy and I gave thanks to God. Most noble of emperors, now that you have free access to God, do not forget to intercede for us so that we may be delivered from all difficulties and in peace may sing hymns to the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Trinity" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy Trinity">Holy Trinity</a> forever".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDennis1967180_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDennis1967180-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andronikos_V_Palaiologos&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKazhdan1991Andronikos_V_Palaiologos-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKazhdan1991Andronikos_V_Palaiologos_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKazhdan1991Andronikos_V_Palaiologos_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKazhdan1991Andronikos_V_Palaiologos_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKazhdan1991">Kazhdan 1991</a>, Andronikos V Palaiologos.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDennis1967179-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDennis1967179_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDennis1967179_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDennis1967179_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDennis1967">Dennis 1967</a>, p. 179.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDennis1967176-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDennis1967176_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDennis1967176_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDennis1967">Dennis 1967</a>, p. 176.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOikonomides1977332-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOikonomides1977332_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOikonomides1977332_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOikonomides1977332_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOikonomides1977">Oikonomides 1977</a>, p. 332.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELeonte201247-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeonte201247_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeonte201247_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLeonte2012">Leonte 2012</a>, p. 47.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKapsalis199455-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKapsalis199455_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKapsalis1994">Kapsalis 1994</a>, p. 55.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELeonte201249-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeonte201249_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLeonte2012">Leonte 2012</a>, p. 49.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELeonte201250–51-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeonte201250–51_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLeonte2012">Leonte 2012</a>, pp. 50–51.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELeonte201252-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeonte201252_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLeonte2012">Leonte 2012</a>, p. 52.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOikonomides1977329–331-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOikonomides1977329–331_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOikonomides1977">Oikonomides 1977</a>, pp. 329–331.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELeonte201251-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeonte201251_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeonte201251_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeonte201251_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLeonte2012">Leonte 2012</a>, p. 51.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDennis1967175-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDennis1967175_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDennis1967175_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDennis1967175_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDennis1967175_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDennis1967175_13-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDennis1967">Dennis 1967</a>, p. 175.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDennis1967177-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDennis1967177_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDennis1967177_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDennis1967">Dennis 1967</a>, p. 177.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDennis1967180-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDennis1967180_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDennis1967">Dennis 1967</a>, p. 180.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDennis1967178–179-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDennis1967178–179_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDennis1967">Dennis 1967</a>, pp. 178–179.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStrzygowski1899262-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStrzygowski1899262_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStrzygowski1899">Strzygowski 1899</a>, p. 262.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOikonomides1977329–330-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOikonomides1977329–330_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOikonomides1977">Oikonomides 1977</a>, pp. 329–330.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELeonte2020323-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeonte2020323_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLeonte2020">Leonte 2020</a>, p. 323.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEÇelik2021xxi-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEÇelik2021xxi_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFÇelik2021">Çelik 2021</a>, p. xxi.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMladjov2015300-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMladjov2015300_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMladjov2015300_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMladjov2015300_23-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMladjov2015">Mladjov 2015</a>, p. 300.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFoss2005101-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFoss2005101_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFoss2005">Foss 2005</a>, p. 101.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andronikos_V_Palaiologos&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFÇelik2021" class="citation book cs1">Çelik, Siren (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=i-8WEAAAQBAJ"><i>Manuel II Palaiologos (1350–1425)</i></a>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1108836593" title="Special:BookSources/978-1108836593"><bdi>978-1108836593</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Manuel+II+Palaiologos+%281350%E2%80%931425%29&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=978-1108836593&rft.aulast=%C3%87elik&rft.aufirst=Siren&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Di-8WEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndronikos+V+Palaiologos" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDennis1967" class="citation journal cs1">Dennis, George T. (1967). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://library.princeton.edu/byzantine/translation/15921">"An unknown Byzantine emperor, Andronicus V Palaeologus (1400-1407?)"</a>. <i>Jahrbuch der Österreichischen byzantinischen Gesellschaft</i>. <b>16</b>: 175–187.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jahrbuch+der+%C3%96sterreichischen+byzantinischen+Gesellschaft&rft.atitle=An+unknown+Byzantine+emperor%2C+Andronicus+V+Palaeologus+%281400-1407%3F%29&rft.volume=16&rft.pages=175-187&rft.date=1967&rft.aulast=Dennis&rft.aufirst=George+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flibrary.princeton.edu%2Fbyzantine%2Ftranslation%2F15921&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndronikos+V+Palaiologos" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFoss2005" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Foss, Clive (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.persee.fr/doc/numi_0484-8942_2005_num_6_161_2594">"Emperors named Constantine"</a>. <i>Revue numismatique</i> (in French). <b>6</b> (161): 93–102. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3406%2Fnumi.2005.2594">10.3406/numi.2005.2594</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Revue+numismatique&rft.atitle=Emperors+named+Constantine&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=161&rft.pages=93-102&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3406%2Fnumi.2005.2594&rft.aulast=Foss&rft.aufirst=Clive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.persee.fr%2Fdoc%2Fnumi_0484-8942_2005_num_6_161_2594&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndronikos+V+Palaiologos" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKapsalis1994" class="citation thesis cs1">Kapsalis, Athanasius G. (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5836/1/5836_3251.PDF"><i>Matthew I, Patriarch of Constantinople (1397 - 1410), his life, his patriarchal acts, his written works</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Thesis). <a href="/wiki/Durham_University" title="Durham University">Durham University</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Matthew+I%2C+Patriarch+of+Constantinople+%281397+-+1410%29%2C+his+life%2C+his+patriarchal+acts%2C+his+written+works&rft.inst=Durham+University&rft.date=1994&rft.aulast=Kapsalis&rft.aufirst=Athanasius+G.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fetheses.dur.ac.uk%2F5836%2F1%2F5836_3251.PDF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndronikos+V+Palaiologos" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKazhdan1991" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Kazhdan" title="Alexander Kazhdan">Kazhdan, Alexander</a>, ed. (1991). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095412674">"Andronikos V Palaiologos"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Dictionary_of_Byzantium" title="Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium">The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium</a></i>. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-504652-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-504652-8"><bdi>0-19-504652-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Andronikos+V+Palaiologos&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Dictionary+of+Byzantium&rft.place=Oxford+and+New+York&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=0-19-504652-8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordreference.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Foi%2Fauthority.20110803095412674&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndronikos+V+Palaiologos" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeonte2012" class="citation thesis cs1">Leonte, Florin (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etd.ceu.edu/2012/leonte_florin.pdf"><i>Rhetoric in Purple: the Renewal of Imperial Ideology in the Texts of Emperor Manuel II Palaiologos</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (PhD thesis). <a href="/wiki/Central_European_University" title="Central European University">Central European University</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Rhetoric+in+Purple%3A+the+Renewal+of+Imperial+Ideology+in+the+Texts+of+Emperor+Manuel+II+Palaiologos&rft.degree=PhD&rft.inst=Central+European+University&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Leonte&rft.aufirst=Florin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.etd.ceu.edu%2F2012%2Fleonte_florin.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndronikos+V+Palaiologos" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeonte2020" class="citation book cs1">Leonte, Florin (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kaMxEAAAQBAJ"><i>Imperial Visions of Late Byzantium: Manuel II Palaiologos and Rhetoric in Purple</i></a>. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1474441032" title="Special:BookSources/978-1474441032"><bdi>978-1474441032</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Imperial+Visions+of+Late+Byzantium%3A+Manuel+II+Palaiologos+and+Rhetoric+in+Purple&rft.place=Edinburgh&rft.pub=Edinburgh+University+Press&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-1474441032&rft.aulast=Leonte&rft.aufirst=Florin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkaMxEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndronikos+V+Palaiologos" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMladjov2015" class="citation journal cs1">Mladjov, Ian (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cejsh.icm.edu.pl/cejsh/element/bwmeta1.element.ojs-doi-10_18778_2084-140X_05_09">"Monarchs' Names and Numbering in the Second Bulgarian State"</a>. <i>Studia Ceranea</i>. <b>5</b>: 267–310. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.18778%2F2084-140X.05.09">10.18778/2084-140X.05.09</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/11089%2F18406">11089/18406</a></span>.</cite><span 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class="citation journal cs1">Strzygowski, Josef (1899). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/byzantinischezei08mnuoft/page/262/mode/2up">"Anfrage"</a>. <i>Byzantinische Zeitschrift</i>. <b>8</b>: 262.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Byzantinische+Zeitschrift&rft.atitle=Anfrage&rft.volume=8&rft.pages=262&rft.date=1899&rft.aulast=Strzygowski&rft.aufirst=Josef&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbyzantinischezei08mnuoft%2Fpage%2F262%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndronikos+V+Palaiologos" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFD700; text-align:center;"><div>Andronikos V Palaiologos </div><div><b><a href="/wiki/Palaiologos" title="Palaiologos">Palaiologos</a> dynasty</b></div><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"><b>Born:</b> Unknown 1400</span><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"> <b>Died:</b> Unknown 1407</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;">Regnal titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Manuel_II_Palaiologos" title="Manuel II Palaiologos">Manuel II Palaiologos</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Byzantine_Emperors" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Byzantine Emperors">Byzantine emperor</a> </b><br />1403–1407<br /><i>with <a href="/wiki/John_VII_Palaiologos" title="John VII Palaiologos">John VII Palaiologos</a></i> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Manuel_II_Palaiologos" title="Manuel II Palaiologos">Manuel II Palaiologos</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Roman_emperors" title="Template:Roman emperors"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Roman_emperors" title="Template talk:Roman emperors"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Roman_emperors" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Roman emperors"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Roman_and_Byzantine_emperors_and_empresses_regnant" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Roman_emperors" title="List of Roman emperors">Roman</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Byzantine_emperors" title="List of Byzantine emperors">Byzantine emperors</a> and empresses regnant</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Principate" title="Principate">Principate</a><br />27 BC – AD 235</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiberius" title="Tiberius">Tiberius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caligula" title="Caligula">Caligula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudius" title="Claudius">Claudius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nero" title="Nero">Nero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galba" title="Galba">Galba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otho" title="Otho">Otho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitellius" title="Vitellius">Vitellius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vespasian" title="Vespasian">Vespasian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titus" title="Titus">Titus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domitian" title="Domitian">Domitian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nerva" title="Nerva">Nerva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trajan" title="Trajan">Trajan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadrian" title="Hadrian">Hadrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoninus_Pius" title="Antoninus Pius">Antoninus Pius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Aurelius" title="Marcus Aurelius">Marcus Aurelius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucius_Verus" title="Lucius Verus">Lucius Verus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commodus" title="Commodus">Commodus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pertinax" title="Pertinax">Pertinax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Didius_Julianus" title="Didius Julianus">Didius Julianus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Septimius_Severus" title="Septimius Severus">Septimius Severus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caracalla" title="Caracalla">Caracalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geta_(emperor)" title="Geta (emperor)">Geta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macrinus" title="Macrinus">Macrinus</a> (w. <i><a href="/wiki/Diadumenian" title="Diadumenian">Diadumenian</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elagabalus" title="Elagabalus">Elagabalus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severus_Alexander" title="Severus Alexander">Severus Alexander</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Crisis_of_the_Third_Century" title="Crisis of the Third Century">Crisis</a><br />235–285</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maximinus_Thrax" title="Maximinus Thrax">Maximinus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordian_I" title="Gordian I">Gordian I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordian_II" title="Gordian II">Gordian II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pupienus" title="Pupienus">Pupienus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balbinus" title="Balbinus">Balbinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordian_III" title="Gordian III">Gordian III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_the_Arab" title="Philip the Arab">Philip I</a> (w. <i><a href="/wiki/Philip_II_(Roman_emperor)" title="Philip II (Roman emperor)">Philip II</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decius" title="Decius">Decius</a> (w. <i><a href="/wiki/Herennius_Etruscus" title="Herennius Etruscus">Herennius Etruscus</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trebonianus_Gallus" title="Trebonianus Gallus">Trebonianus Gallus</a> (w. <i><a href="/wiki/Hostilian" title="Hostilian">Hostilian</a></i> & <i><a href="/wiki/Volusianus" title="Volusianus">Volusianus</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aemilianus" title="Aemilianus">Aemilianus</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Silbannacus" title="Silbannacus">Silbannacus</a></u> (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valerian_(emperor)" title="Valerian (emperor)">Valerian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallienus" title="Gallienus">Gallienus</a> (w. <i><a href="/wiki/Saloninus" title="Saloninus">Saloninus</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudius_Gothicus" title="Claudius Gothicus">Claudius II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quintillus" title="Quintillus">Quintillus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurelian" title="Aurelian">Aurelian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tacitus_(emperor)" title="Tacitus (emperor)">Tacitus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florianus" title="Florianus">Florianus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Probus_(emperor)" title="Probus (emperor)">Probus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carus" title="Carus">Carus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carinus" title="Carinus">Carinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Numerian" title="Numerian">Numerian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dominate" title="Dominate">Dominate</a><br />284–610</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diocletian" title="Diocletian">Diocletian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximian" title="Maximian">Maximian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galerius" title="Galerius">Galerius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantius_Chlorus" title="Constantius Chlorus">Constantius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severus_II" title="Severus II">Severus II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great" title="Constantine the Great">Constantine I</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Maxentius" title="Maxentius">Maxentius</a></u></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Licinius" title="Licinius">Licinius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximinus_Daza" title="Maximinus Daza">Maximinus II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valerius_Valens" title="Valerius Valens">Valerius Valens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martinian_(emperor)" title="Martinian (emperor)">Martinian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_II_(emperor)" title="Constantine II (emperor)">Constantine II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantius_II" title="Constantius II">Constantius II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constans" title="Constans">Constans I</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Magnentius" title="Magnentius">Magnentius</a></u></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Nepotianus" title="Nepotianus">Nepotianus</a></u></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Vetranio" title="Vetranio">Vetranio</a></u></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_(emperor)" title="Julian (emperor)">Julian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jovian_(emperor)" title="Jovian (emperor)">Jovian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valentinian_I" title="Valentinian I">Valentinian I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valens" title="Valens">Valens</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Procopius_(usurper)" title="Procopius (usurper)">Procopius</a></u></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gratian" title="Gratian">Gratian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodosius_I" title="Theodosius I">Theodosius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valentinian_II" title="Valentinian II">Valentinian II</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Magnus_Maximus" title="Magnus Maximus">Magnus Maximus</a></u> (w. <i><u><a href="/wiki/Victor_(emperor)" title="Victor (emperor)">Victor</a></u></i>)</li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Eugenius" title="Eugenius">Eugenius</a></u></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_Roman_Empire" title="Western Roman Empire">Western Empire</a><br />395–480</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Honorius_(emperor)" title="Honorius (emperor)">Honorius</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Constantine_III_(Western_Roman_emperor)" title="Constantine III (Western Roman emperor)">Constantine III</a></u> (w. <i><u><a href="/wiki/Constans_II_(son_of_Constantine_III)" title="Constans II (son of Constantine III)">Constans II</a></u></i>)</li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Priscus_Attalus" title="Priscus Attalus">Priscus Attalus</a></u></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantius_III" title="Constantius III">Constantius III</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Joannes" title="Joannes">Joannes</a></u></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valentinian_III" title="Valentinian III">Valentinian III</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Petronius_Maximus" title="Petronius Maximus">Petronius Maximus</a></u></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Avitus" title="Avitus">Avitus</a></u></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Majorian" title="Majorian">Majorian</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Libius_Severus" title="Libius Severus">Severus III</a></u></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthemius" title="Anthemius">Anthemius</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Olybrius" title="Olybrius">Olybrius</a></u></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Glycerius" title="Glycerius">Glycerius</a></u></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Nepos" title="Julius Nepos">Julius Nepos</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Romulus_Augustulus" title="Romulus Augustulus">Romulus Augustulus</a></u></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Eastern Empire</a><br />395–610</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arcadius" title="Arcadius">Arcadius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodosius_II" title="Theodosius II">Theodosius II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcian" title="Marcian">Marcian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_I_(emperor)" title="Leo I (emperor)">Leo I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_II_(emperor)" title="Leo II (emperor)">Leo II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeno_(emperor)" title="Zeno (emperor)">Zeno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basiliscus" title="Basiliscus">Basiliscus</a> (w. <i><a href="/wiki/Marcus_(son_of_Basiliscus)" title="Marcus (son of Basiliscus)">Marcus</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anastasius_I_Dicorus" title="Anastasius I Dicorus">Anastasius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justin_I" title="Justin I">Justin I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justinian_I" title="Justinian I">Justinian I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justin_II" title="Justin II">Justin II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiberius_II_Constantine" title="Tiberius II Constantine">Tiberius II Constantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_(emperor)" title="Maurice (emperor)">Maurice</a> (w. <i><a href="/wiki/Theodosius_(son_of_Maurice)" title="Theodosius (son of Maurice)">Theodosius</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phocas" title="Phocas">Phocas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Eastern/<br />Byzantine Empire</a><br />610–1453</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heraclius" title="Heraclius">Heraclius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heraclius_Constantine" title="Heraclius Constantine">Constantine III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heraclonas" title="Heraclonas">Heraclonas</a> (w. <i><a href="/wiki/David_(son_of_Heraclius)" title="David (son of Heraclius)">Tiberius</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constans_II" title="Constans II">Constans II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_IV" title="Constantine IV">Constantine IV</a> (w. <i><a href="/wiki/Heraclius_(son_of_Constans_II)" title="Heraclius (son of Constans II)">Heraclius</a></i> & <i><a href="/wiki/Tiberius_(son_of_Constans_II)" title="Tiberius (son of Constans II)">Tiberius</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justinian_II" title="Justinian II">Justinian II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leontius" title="Leontius">Leontius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiberius_III" title="Tiberius III">Tiberius III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justinian_II" title="Justinian II">Justinian II</a> (w. <i><a href="/wiki/Tiberius_(son_of_Justinian_II)" title="Tiberius (son of Justinian II)">Tiberius</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippicus" title="Philippicus">Philippicus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anastasius_II_(emperor)" title="Anastasius II (emperor)">Anastasius II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodosius_III" title="Theodosius III">Theodosius III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_III_the_Isaurian" title="Leo III the Isaurian">Leo III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_V" title="Constantine V">Constantine V</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Artabasdos" title="Artabasdos">Artabasdos</a></u> (w. <i><u><a href="/wiki/Nikephoros_(son_of_Artabasdos)" title="Nikephoros (son of Artabasdos)">Nikephoros</a></u></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_IV_the_Khazar" title="Leo IV the Khazar">Leo IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_VI" title="Constantine VI">Constantine VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irene_of_Athens" title="Irene of Athens">Irene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikephoros_I" title="Nikephoros I">Nikephoros I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staurakios" title="Staurakios">Staurakios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_I_Rangabe" title="Michael I Rangabe">Michael I Rangabe</a> (w. <i><a href="/wiki/Theophylact_(son_of_Michael_I)" title="Theophylact (son of Michael I)">Theophylact</a></i> & <i><a href="/wiki/Staurakios_(son_of_Michael_I)" class="mw-redirect" title="Staurakios (son of Michael I)">Staurakios</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_V_the_Armenian" title="Leo V the Armenian">Leo V</a> (w. <i><a href="/wiki/Constantine_(son_of_Leo_V)" title="Constantine (son of Leo V)">Constantine</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_II" title="Michael II">Michael II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theophilos_(emperor)" title="Theophilos (emperor)">Theophilos</a> (w. <i><a href="/wiki/Constantine_(son_of_Theophilos)" title="Constantine (son of Theophilos)">Constantine</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodora_(wife_of_Theophilos)" title="Theodora (wife of Theophilos)">Theodora (II)</a> (w. <i><a href="/wiki/Thekla_(daughter_of_Theophilos)" title="Thekla (daughter of Theophilos)">Thekla</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_III" title="Michael III">Michael III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basil_I" title="Basil I">Basil I</a> (w. <i><a href="/wiki/Constantine_(son_of_Basil_I)" title="Constantine (son of Basil I)">Constantine</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_VI_the_Wise" title="Leo VI the Wise">Leo VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_(Byzantine_emperor)" title="Alexander (Byzantine emperor)">Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_VII" title="Constantine VII">Constantine VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanos_I_Lekapenos" title="Romanos I Lekapenos">Romanos I Lekapenos</a> (w. <i><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Lekapenos" title="Christopher Lekapenos">Christopher</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Lekapenos" title="Stephen Lekapenos">Stephen</a></i> & <i><a href="/wiki/Constantine_Lekapenos" title="Constantine Lekapenos">Constantine Lekapenos</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanos_II" title="Romanos II">Romanos II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikephoros_II_Phokas" title="Nikephoros II Phokas">Nikephoros II Phokas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_I_Tzimiskes" title="John I Tzimiskes">John I Tzimiskes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basil_II" title="Basil II">Basil II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_VIII" title="Constantine VIII">Constantine VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoe_Porphyrogenita" title="Zoe Porphyrogenita">Zoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanos_III_Argyros" title="Romanos III Argyros">Romanos III Argyros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_IV_the_Paphlagonian" title="Michael IV the Paphlagonian">Michael IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_V_Kalaphates" title="Michael V Kalaphates">Michael V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_IX_Monomachos" title="Constantine IX Monomachos">Constantine IX Monomachos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodora_Porphyrogenita" title="Theodora Porphyrogenita">Theodora (III)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_VI_Bringas" title="Michael VI Bringas">Michael VI Bringas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_I_Komnenos" title="Isaac I Komnenos">Isaac I Komnenos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_X_Doukas" title="Constantine X Doukas">Constantine X Doukas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudokia_Makrembolitissa" title="Eudokia Makrembolitissa">Eudokia Makrembolitissa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanos_IV_Diogenes" title="Romanos IV Diogenes">Romanos IV Diogenes</a> (w. <i><a href="/wiki/Leo_Diogenes" title="Leo Diogenes">Leo</a></i> & <i><a href="/wiki/Nikephoros_Diogenes" title="Nikephoros Diogenes">Nikephoros</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_VII_Doukas" title="Michael VII Doukas">Michael VII Doukas</a> (w. <i><a href="/wiki/Andronikos_Doukas_(co-emperor)" title="Andronikos Doukas (co-emperor)">Andronikos</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Konstantios_Doukas" title="Konstantios Doukas">Konstantios</a></i> & <i><a href="/wiki/Constantine_Doukas_(co-emperor)" title="Constantine Doukas (co-emperor)">Constantine Doukas</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikephoros_III_Botaneiates" title="Nikephoros III Botaneiates">Nikephoros III Botaneiates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexios_I_Komnenos" title="Alexios I Komnenos">Alexios I Komnenos</a> (w. <i><a href="/wiki/Constantine_Doukas_(co-emperor)" title="Constantine Doukas (co-emperor)">Constantine Doukas</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_II_Komnenos" title="John II Komnenos">John II Komnenos</a> (w. <i><a href="/wiki/Alexios_Komnenos_(co-emperor)" title="Alexios Komnenos (co-emperor)">Alexios</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_I_Komnenos" title="Manuel I Komnenos">Manuel I Komnenos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexios_II_Komnenos" title="Alexios II Komnenos">Alexios II Komnenos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andronikos_I_Komnenos" title="Andronikos I Komnenos">Andronikos I Komnenos</a> (w. <i><a href="/wiki/John_Komnenos_(son_of_Andronikos_I)" title="John Komnenos (son of Andronikos I)">John</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_II_Angelos" title="Isaac II Angelos">Isaac II Angelos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexios_III_Angelos" title="Alexios III Angelos">Alexios III Angelos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexios_IV_Angelos" title="Alexios IV Angelos">Alexios IV Angelos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexios_V_Doukas" title="Alexios V Doukas">Alexios V Doukas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_I_Laskaris" title="Theodore I Laskaris">Theodore I Laskaris</a> (w. <i><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Laskaris_(son_of_Theodore_I)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicholas Laskaris (son of Theodore I)">Nicholas</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_III_Vatatzes" class="mw-redirect" title="John III Vatatzes">John III Vatatzes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_II_Laskaris" title="Theodore II Laskaris">Theodore II Laskaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_IV_Laskaris" title="John IV Laskaris">John IV Laskaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_VIII_Palaiologos" title="Michael VIII Palaiologos">Michael VIII Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andronikos_II_Palaiologos" title="Andronikos II Palaiologos">Andronikos II Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_IX_Palaiologos" title="Michael IX Palaiologos">Michael IX Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andronikos_III_Palaiologos" title="Andronikos III Palaiologos">Andronikos III Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_V_Palaiologos" title="John V Palaiologos">John V Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_VI_Kantakouzenos" title="John VI Kantakouzenos">John VI Kantakouzenos</a> (w. <i><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Kantakouzenos" title="Matthew Kantakouzenos">Matthew</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andronikos_IV_Palaiologos" title="Andronikos IV Palaiologos">Andronikos IV Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_VII_Palaiologos" title="John VII Palaiologos">John VII Palaiologos</a> (w. <i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Andronikos V</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_II_Palaiologos" title="Manuel II Palaiologos">Manuel II Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_VIII_Palaiologos" title="John VIII Palaiologos">John VIII Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_XI_Palaiologos" title="Constantine XI Palaiologos">Constantine XI Palaiologos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gallic_Empire" title="Gallic Empire">Gallic emperors</a> (260–274)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Palmyrene_monarchs" title="List of Palmyrene monarchs">Palmyrene emperors</a> (267–273)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carausian_revolt" title="Carausian revolt">Britannic emperors</a> (286–296)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Trapezuntine_emperors" title="List of Trapezuntine emperors">Trapezuntine emperors</a> (1204–1461)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Thessalonica" title="Empire of Thessalonica">Thessalonian emperors</a> (1224–1242)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Roman_and_Byzantine_empresses" title="List of Roman and Byzantine empresses">Empresses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Augustae" title="List of Augustae">Augustae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_usurper" title="Roman usurper">Usurpers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Roman_usurpers" title="List of Roman usurpers">Classical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Byzantine_usurpers" title="List of Byzantine usurpers">Eastern</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Italics indicates a junior co-emperor, underlining indicates an emperor variously regarded as either legitimate or a usurper</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_Palaiologoi_of_the_Byzantine_Empire" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Palaiologoi" title="Template:Palaiologoi"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Palaiologoi" title="Template talk:Palaiologoi"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Palaiologoi" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Palaiologoi"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_Palaiologoi_of_the_Byzantine_Empire" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">The <a href="/wiki/Palaiologos" title="Palaiologos">Palaiologoi</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire_under_the_Palaiologos_dynasty" title="Byzantine Empire under the Palaiologos dynasty">Byzantine Empire</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_VIII_Palaiologos" title="Michael VIII Palaiologos">Michael VIII</a> (1259–1282)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andronikos_II_Palaiologos" title="Andronikos II Palaiologos">Andronikos II</a> (1282–1328)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_IX_Palaiologos" title="Michael IX Palaiologos">Michael IX</a> (1295–1320)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andronikos_III_Palaiologos" title="Andronikos III Palaiologos">Andronikos III</a> (1328–1341)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_V_Palaiologos" title="John V Palaiologos">John V</a> (1341–1391)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/John_VI_Kantakouzenos" title="John VI Kantakouzenos">John VI</a> (1347–1354)</i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Kantakouzenos" title="Matthew Kantakouzenos">Matthew</a> (1353–1357)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andronikos_IV_Palaiologos" title="Andronikos IV Palaiologos">Andronikos IV</a> (1376–1379)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_VII_Palaiologos" title="John VII Palaiologos">John VII</a> (1390; 1403–1408)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Andronikos V</a> (1403–1407)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_II_Palaiologos" title="Manuel II Palaiologos">Manuel II</a> (1391–1425)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_VIII_Palaiologos" title="John VIII Palaiologos">John VIII</a> (1425–1448)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_XI_Palaiologos" title="Constantine XI Palaiologos">Constantine XI</a> (1449–1453)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1st generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nikephoros_Palaiologos" title="Nikephoros Palaiologos">Nikephoros Palaiologos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2nd generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Palaiologos" title="George Palaiologos">George Palaiologos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3rd generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andronikos_Doukas_Palaiologos" title="Andronikos Doukas Palaiologos">Andronikos Doukas Palaiologos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">4th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Palaiologos_(megas_hetaireiarches)" title="George Palaiologos (megas hetaireiarches)">George Palaiologos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">5th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexios_Palaiologos_(despot)" title="Alexios Palaiologos (despot)">Alexios Palaiologos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">6th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andronikos_Palaiologos_(governor-general)" title="Andronikos Palaiologos (governor-general)">Andronikos Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodora_Angelina_Palaiologina" title="Theodora Angelina Palaiologina">Theodora Angelina Palaiologina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">7th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irene_Komnene_Palaiologina" title="Irene Komnene Palaiologina">Irene Komnene Palaiologina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_VIII_Palaiologos" title="Michael VIII Palaiologos">Michael VIII Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Palaiologos_(brother_of_Michael_VIII)" title="John Palaiologos (brother of Michael VIII)">John Doukas Palaiologos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">8th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irene_Palaiologina,_Empress_of_Bulgaria" title="Irene Palaiologina, Empress of Bulgaria">Irene Palaiologina, Empress of Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andronikos_II_Palaiologos" title="Andronikos II Palaiologos">Andronikos II Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_Palaiologos_(son_of_Michael_VIII)" title="Constantine Palaiologos (son of Michael VIII)">Constantine Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Palaiologos_(son_of_Michael_VIII)" title="Theodore Palaiologos (son of Michael VIII)">Theodore Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudokia_Palaiologina" title="Eudokia Palaiologina">Eudokia Palaiologina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Palaiologina" title="Maria Palaiologina">Maria Palaiologina, Khatun of the Ilkhanate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">9th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_IX_Palaiologos" title="Michael IX Palaiologos">Michael IX Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_Palaiologos_(son_of_Andronikos_II)" title="Constantine Palaiologos (son of Andronikos II)">Constantine Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Palaiologos_(son_of_Andronikos_II)" title="John Palaiologos (son of Andronikos II)">John Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_I,_Marquis_of_Montferrat" title="Theodore I, Marquis of Montferrat">Theodore Palaiologos</a> (<small><a href="/wiki/Palaeologus-Montferrat" title="Palaeologus-Montferrat">Palaeologus-Montferrat</a></small>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demetrios_Palaiologos_(son_of_Andronikos_II)" title="Demetrios Palaiologos (son of Andronikos II)">Demetrios Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simonida" title="Simonida">Simonis Palaiologina, Queen of Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Palaiologos_(Caesar)" title="John Palaiologos (Caesar)">John Palaiologos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">10th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andronikos_III_Palaiologos" title="Andronikos III Palaiologos">Andronikos III Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Palaiologina_(daughter_of_Michael_IX)" title="Anna Palaiologina (daughter of Michael IX)">Anna Palaiologina, Despotess of Epirus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodora_Palaiologina,_Empress_of_Bulgaria" title="Theodora Palaiologina, Empress of Bulgaria">Theodora Palaiologina, Empress of Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irene_Palaiologina_(Byzantine_empress)" title="Irene Palaiologina (Byzantine empress)">Irene Palaiologina, Byzantine Empress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Palaiologina,_Queen_of_Serbia" title="Maria Palaiologina, Queen of Serbia">Maria Palaiologina, Queen of Serbia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">11th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irene_Palaiologina_of_Trebizond" title="Irene Palaiologina of Trebizond">Irene Palaiologina, Empress of Trebizond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_V_Palaiologos" title="John V Palaiologos">John V Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Palaiologos_(son_of_Andronikos_III)" title="Michael Palaiologos (son of Andronikos III)">Michael Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria-Irene_Palaiologina" title="Maria-Irene Palaiologina">Irene Palaiologina, Empress of Bulgaria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">12th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andronikos_IV_Palaiologos" title="Andronikos IV Palaiologos">Andronikos IV Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_II_Palaiologos" title="Manuel II Palaiologos">Manuel II Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_I_Palaiologos" title="Theodore I Palaiologos">Theodore I Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Palaiologos_(son_of_John_V)" title="Michael Palaiologos (son of John V)">Michael Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zampia_Palaiologina" title="Zampia Palaiologina">Zampia Palaiologina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">13th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_VII_Palaiologos" title="John VII Palaiologos">John VII Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_VIII_Palaiologos" title="John VIII Palaiologos">John VIII Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_II_Palaiologos" title="Theodore II Palaiologos">Theodore II Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andronikos_Palaiologos_(son_of_Manuel_II)" title="Andronikos Palaiologos (son of Manuel II)">Andronikos Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_XI_Palaiologos" title="Constantine XI Palaiologos">Constantine XI Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demetrios_Palaiologos" title="Demetrios Palaiologos">Demetrios Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Palaiologos" title="Thomas Palaiologos">Thomas Palaiologos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">14th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Andronikos V Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helena_Palaiologina" title="Helena Palaiologina">Helena Palaiologina, Queen of Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helena_Palaiologina_(daughter_of_Demetrios)" title="Helena Palaiologina (daughter of Demetrios)">Helena Palaiologina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helena_Palaiologina,_Despotess_of_Serbia" title="Helena Palaiologina, Despotess of Serbia">Helena Palaiologina, Despotess of Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophia_Palaiologina" title="Sophia Palaiologina">Sophia Palaiologina, Grand Princess of Moscow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Palaiologos" title="Andreas Palaiologos">Andreas Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Palaiologos" title="Manuel Palaiologos">Manuel Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hass_Murad_Pasha" title="Hass Murad Pasha">Hass Murad Pasha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesih_Pasha" title="Mesih Pasha">Mesih Pasha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">15th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Palaiologina_(Princess_of_Vereya)" title="Maria Palaiologina (Princess of Vereya)">Maria Palaiologina, Princess of Vereya</a> (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_Palaiologos_(Papal_Guard)" title="Constantine Palaiologos (Papal Guard)">Constantine Palaiologos</a> (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Palaiologos" title="Fernando Palaiologos">Fernando Palaiologos</a> (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Palaiologos_(son_of_Manuel)" title="Andreas Palaiologos (son of Manuel)">Andreas Palaiologos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cadet branches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palaeologus-Montferrat" title="Palaeologus-Montferrat">Palaeologus-Montferrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asen_Palaiologos" class="mw-redirect" title="Asen Palaiologos">Asen Palaiologos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleologus-Pesaro" class="mw-redirect" title="Paleologus-Pesaro">Paleologus-Pesaro</a> (?)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Only <a href="/wiki/Patrilineality" title="Patrilineality">male-line descendants</a> who are independently notable are shown.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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