CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:fb="http://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml" class="wf-loading"> <head prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns# fb: https://ogp.me/ns/fb# academia: https://ogp.me/ns/fb/academia#"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <title>Semitic languages Research Papers - Academia.edu</title>  <link href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-production.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-194x194.png" sizes="194x194"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-96x96.png" sizes="96x96"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/android-chrome-192x192.png" sizes="192x192"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16"> <link rel="manifest" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/manifest.json"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#2b5797"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/mstile-144x144.png"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <script> window.performance && window.performance.measure && window.performance.measure("Time To First Byte", "requestStart", "responseStart"); </script> <script> (function() { if (!window.URLSearchParams || !window.history || !window.history.replaceState) { return; } var searchParams = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search); var paramsToDelete = [ 'fs', 'sm', 'swp', 'iid', 'nbs', 'rcc', // related content category 'rcpos', // related content carousel position 'rcpg', // related carousel page 'rchid', // related content hit id 'f_ri', // research interest id, for SEO tracking 'f_fri', // featured research interest, for SEO tracking (param key without value) 'f_rid', // from research interest directory for SEO tracking 'f_loswp', // from research interest pills on LOSWP sidebar for SEO tracking 'rhid', // referrring hit id ]; if (paramsToDelete.every((key) => searchParams.get(key) === null)) { return; } paramsToDelete.forEach((key) => { searchParams.delete(key); }); var cleanUrl = new URL(window.location.href); cleanUrl.search = searchParams.toString(); history.replaceState({}, document.title, cleanUrl); })(); </script> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "by_tag", 'action': "show_one", 'controller_action': 'by_tag#show_one', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.sendUserTiming = function(timingName) { if (!(window.performance && window.performance.measure)) return; var entries = window.performance.getEntriesByName(timingName, "measure"); if (entries.length !== 1) return; var timingValue = Math.round(entries[0].duration); gtag('event', 'timing_complete', { name: timingName, value: timingValue, event_category: 'User-centric', }); }; window.sendUserTiming("Time To First Byte"); </script> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="yCIUNiZM2rc2vIxQBCZFsy6b6aqBSscre1sbxyeF2RWXeMKP_plTViLSXBHGK3jeDLjGTfkXwk_zRglQAyjTQg" /> <link href="/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?after=50%2C9582772" rel="next" /><link crossorigin="" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/" rel="preconnect" /><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=DM+Sans:ital,opsz,wght@0,9..40,100..1000;1,9..40,100..1000&family=Gupter:wght@400;500;700&family=IBM+Plex+Mono:wght@300;400&family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20,400,0,0&display=swap" rel="stylesheet" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/common-2b6f90dbd75f5941bc38f4ad716615f3ac449e7398313bb3bc225fba451cd9fa.css" /> <meta name="description" content="View Semitic languages Research Papers on Academia.edu for free." /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs" /> <script> var $controller_name = 'by_tag'; var $action_name = "show_one"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '107520bac59918e2ceae62eaadd15bff3d1e7904'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.Aedu = { hit_data: null }; window.Aedu.SiteStats = {"premium_universities_count":13997,"monthly_visitors":"111 million","monthly_visitor_count":111000788,"monthly_visitor_count_in_millions":111,"user_count":284066866,"paper_count":55203019,"paper_count_in_millions":55,"page_count":432000000,"page_count_in_millions":432,"pdf_count":16500000,"pdf_count_in_millions":16}; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1740946325000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1740946325000; window.Aedu.isUsingCssV1 = false; window.Aedu.enableLocalization = true; window.Aedu.activateFullstory = false; window.Aedu.serviceAvailability = { status: {"attention_db":"on","bibliography_db":"on","contacts_db":"on","email_db":"on","indexability_db":"on","mentions_db":"on","news_db":"on","notifications_db":"on","offsite_mentions_db":"on","redshift":"on","redshift_exports_db":"on","related_works_db":"on","ring_db":"on","user_tests_db":"on"}, serviceEnabled: function(service) { return this.status[service] === "on"; }, readEnabled: function(service) { return this.serviceEnabled(service) || this.status[service] === "read_only"; }, }; window.Aedu.viewApmTrace = function() { // Check if x-apm-trace-id meta tag is set, and open the trace in APM // in a new window if it is. var apmTraceId = document.head.querySelector('meta[name="x-apm-trace-id"]'); if (apmTraceId) { var traceId = apmTraceId.content; // Use trace ID to construct URL, an example URL looks like: // https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%31298410148923562634 var apmUrl = 'https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%3A' + traceId; window.open(apmUrl, '_blank'); } }; </script>  <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:100,100i,300,300i,400,400i,500,500i,700,700i,900,900i" rel="stylesheet"> <link rel="preload" href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.3.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" as="style" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'"> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/libraries-a9675dcb01ec4ef6aa807ba772c7a5a00c1820d3ff661c1038a20f80d06bb4e4.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/academia-1eb081e01ca8bc0c1b1d866df79d9eb4dd2c484e4beecf76e79a7806c72fee08.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system_legacy-056a9113b9a0f5343d013b29ee1929d5a18be35fdcdceb616600b4db8bd20054.css" /> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/runtime-bundle-005434038af4252ca37c527588411a3d6a0eabb5f727fac83f8bbe7fd88d93bb.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/webpack_libraries_and_infrequently_changed.wjs-bundle-a7f06b7b91deb14294c0fd04acc3d1303a356edfef84048171548420b79efa13.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/core_webpack.wjs-bundle-caa56a0f54c25da9fc0ce496a02fe99f5ff17476fd61737267d5dfef010828de.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/sentry.wjs-bundle-5fe03fddca915c8ba0f7edbe64c194308e8ce5abaed7bffe1255ff37549c4808.js"></script> <script> jade = window.jade || {}; jade.helpers = window.$h; jade._ = window._; </script>  <script id="tag-manager-head-root">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer_old','GTM-5G9JF7Z');</script>  <script> window.gptadslots = []; window.googletag = window.googletag || {}; window.googletag.cmd = window.googletag.cmd || []; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // TODO(jacob): This should be defined, may be rare load order problem. // Checking if null is just a quick fix, will default to en if unset. // Better fix is to run this immedietely after I18n is set. if (window.I18n != null) { I18n.defaultLocale = "en"; I18n.locale = "en"; I18n.fallbacks = true; } </script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages" /> </head>   <body class='c-by_tag a-show_one logged_out u-bgColorWhite'>  <div id="fb-root"></div><script>window.fbAsyncInit = function() { FB.init({ appId: "2369844204", version: "v8.0", status: true, cookie: true, xfbml: true }); // Additional initialization code. if (window.InitFacebook) { // facebook.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitFacebook(); } else { // Set a flag for facebook.ts to find when it loads. window.academiaAuthReadyFacebook = true; } };</script><script>window.fbAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function if (window.FB) { return; } (function(d, s, id){ var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) {return;} js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk')); } if (!window.defer_facebook) { // Autoload if not deferred window.fbAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.fbAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="google-root"></div><script>window.loadGoogle = function() { if (window.InitGoogle) { // google.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitGoogle("331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"); } else { // Set a flag for google.ts to use when it loads. window.GoogleClientID = "331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"; } };</script><script>window.googleAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function (function(d) { var js; var id = 'google-jssdk'; var ref = d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) { return; } js = d.createElement('script'); js.id = id; js.async = true; js.onload = loadGoogle; js.src = "https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client" ref.parentNode.insertBefore(js, ref); }(document)); } if (!window.defer_google) { // Autoload if not deferred window.googleAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.googleAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="tag-manager-body-root">  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5G9JF7Z" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>   <script> window.addEventListener('load', function() { if (document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]')) { document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]').addEventListener('click', function() { gtag('event', 'click', { event_category: 'button', event_label: 'Log In' }) }) } }); </script> </div> <script>var _comscore = _comscore || []; _comscore.push({ c1: "2", c2: "26766707" }); (function() { var s = document.createElement("script"), el = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.async = true; s.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://sb" : "http://b") + ".scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js"; el.parentNode.insertBefore(s, el); })();</script><img src="https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=26766707&cv=2.0&cj=1" style="position: absolute; visibility: hidden" /> <div id='react-modal'></div> <div class='DesignSystem'> <a class='u-showOnFocus' href='#site'> Skip to main content </a> </div> <div id="upgrade_ie_banner" style="display: none;"><p>Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.</p><p>To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to <a href="https://www.academia.edu/upgrade-browser">upgrade your browser</a>.</p></div><script>// Show this banner for all versions of IE if (!!window.MSInputMethodContext || /(MSIE)/.test(navigator.userAgent)) { document.getElementById('upgrade_ie_banner').style.display = 'block'; }</script> <div class="DesignSystem bootstrap ShrinkableNav no-sm no-md"><div class="navbar navbar-default main-header"><div class="container-wrapper" id="main-header-container"><div class="container"><div class="navbar-header"><div class="nav-left-wrapper u-mt0x"><div class="nav-logo"><a data-main-header-link-target="logo_home" href="https://www.academia.edu/"><img class="visible-xs-inline-block" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015-A.svg" width="24" height="24" /><img width="145.2" height="18" class="hidden-xs" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015.svg" /></a></div><div class="nav-search"><div class="SiteSearch-wrapper select2-no-default-pills"><form class="js-SiteSearch-form DesignSystem" action="https://www.academia.edu/search" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="get"><i class="SiteSearch-icon fa fa-search u-fw700 u-positionAbsolute u-tcGrayDark"></i><input class="js-SiteSearch-form-input SiteSearch-form-input form-control" data-main-header-click-target="search_input" name="q" placeholder="Search" type="text" value="" /></form></div></div></div><div class="nav-right-wrapper pull-right"><ul class="NavLinks js-main-nav list-unstyled"><li class="NavLinks-link"><a class="js-header-login-url Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" id="nav_log_in" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="NavLinks-link u-p0x"><a class="Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li></ul><button class="hidden-lg hidden-md hidden-sm u-ml4x navbar-toggle collapsed" data-target=".js-mobile-header-links" data-toggle="collapse" type="button"><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span></button></div></div><div class="collapse navbar-collapse js-mobile-header-links"><ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"><a href="#">more&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li><li><ul class="js-mobile-nav-expand-section nav navbar-nav u-m0x collapse"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><i class="fa fa-briefcase"></i> We're Hiring!</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/hc/en-us"><i class="fa fa-question-circle"></i> Help Center</a></li><li class="js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 dropup" style="display:none"><a href="#">less&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><script>(function(){ var $moreLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"); var $lessLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger"); var $section = $('.js-mobile-nav-expand-section'); $moreLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.hide(); $lessLink.show(); $section.collapse('show'); }); $lessLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.show(); $lessLink.hide(); $section.collapse('hide'); }); })() if ($a.is_logged_in() || false) { new Aedu.NavigationController({ el: '.js-main-nav', showHighlightedNotification: false }); } else { $(".js-header-login-url").attr("href", $a.loginUrlWithRedirect()); } Aedu.autocompleteSearch = new AutocompleteSearch({el: '.js-SiteSearch-form'});</script></div></div> <div id='site' class='fixed'> <div id="content" class="clearfix"> <script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(){ var $dismissible = $(".dismissible_banner"); $dismissible.click(function(ev) { $dismissible.hide(); }); });</script> <div class="DesignSystem" style="margin-top:-40px"><div class="PageHeader"><div class="container"><div class="row"><style type="text/css">.sor-abstract { display: -webkit-box; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Semitic languages</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">30,153 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Semitic languages</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Semitic_languages">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_20050131" data-work_id="20050131" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20050131/THE_SEMANTIC_POTENTIAL_OF_VERBAL_CONJUGATIONS_AS_A_POLYSEMOUS_SET_OF_SENSES_THE_QATAL_IN_GENESIS_Hebrew_Studies_56_2015_71_88">THE SEMANTIC POTENTIAL OF VERBAL CONJUGATIONS AS A POLYSEMOUS SET OF SENSES: THE QATAL IN GENESIS. Hebrew Studies 56 (2015): 71-88.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper demonstrates that by using the anterior path as a template, it is possible to order and elucidate a dominant portion of the semantic domain of the Biblical Hebrew qatal form (i.e., the perfect, perfective, and past senses) as... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_20050131" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper demonstrates that by using the anterior path as a template, it is possible to order and elucidate a dominant portion of the semantic domain of the Biblical Hebrew qatal form (i.e., the perfect, perfective, and past senses) as consecutive developmental stages of the anterior path. It is also argued that the perfect values of the qatal should not be explained as a type of aspect or tense. They belong to an independent category referred to as "taxis." By employing the definition of prototypicality in terms of frequency, the authors conclude that in the light of statistical analysis, the domain of taxis constitutes the most prototypical part of the semantic potential of the qatal in Genesis (55.7%). The recognition of the category of perfect as an independent stage on the diachronic cline and acknowledgment of its weight in the meaning of the qatal likewise makes it possible to explain a number of the other senses of the qatal.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/20050131" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3bb3c96660ad361be4cf5e7eb96696c9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40977688,"asset_id":20050131,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40977688/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3099712" href="https://uct.academia.edu/AlexanderAndrason">Alexander Andrason</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3099712" type="text/json">{"id":3099712,"first_name":"Alexander","last_name":"Andrason","domain_name":"uct","page_name":"AlexanderAndrason","display_name":"Alexander Andrason","profile_url":"https://uct.academia.edu/AlexanderAndrason?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3099712/1018388/126084802/s65_alexander.andrason.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_20050131 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="20050131"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 20050131, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_20050131", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_20050131 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 20050131; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_20050131"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_20050131 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="20050131"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 20050131; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=20050131]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_20050131").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_20050131").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="20050131"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32992" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_">Biblical Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="32992" type="text/json">{"id":32992,"name":"Biblical Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=20050131]'), work: {"id":20050131,"title":"THE SEMANTIC POTENTIAL OF VERBAL CONJUGATIONS AS A POLYSEMOUS SET OF SENSES: THE QATAL IN GENESIS. Hebrew Studies 56 (2015): 71-88.","created_at":"2016-01-05T22:48:20.161-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/20050131/THE_SEMANTIC_POTENTIAL_OF_VERBAL_CONJUGATIONS_AS_A_POLYSEMOUS_SET_OF_SENSES_THE_QATAL_IN_GENESIS_Hebrew_Studies_56_2015_71_88?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_20050131","summary":"This paper demonstrates that by using the anterior path as a template, it is possible to order and elucidate a dominant portion of the semantic domain of the Biblical Hebrew qatal form (i.e., the perfect, perfective, and past senses) as consecutive developmental stages of the anterior path. It is also argued that the perfect values of the qatal should not be explained as a type of aspect or tense. They belong to an independent category referred to as \"taxis.\" By employing the definition of prototypicality in terms of frequency, the authors conclude that in the light of statistical analysis, the domain of taxis constitutes the most prototypical part of the semantic potential of the qatal in Genesis (55.7%). The recognition of the category of perfect as an independent stage on the diachronic cline and acknowledgment of its weight in the meaning of the qatal likewise makes it possible to explain a number of the other senses of the qatal.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40977688,"asset_id":20050131,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3099712,"first_name":"Alexander","last_name":"Andrason","domain_name":"uct","page_name":"AlexanderAndrason","display_name":"Alexander Andrason","profile_url":"https://uct.academia.edu/AlexanderAndrason?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3099712/1018388/126084802/s65_alexander.andrason.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":32992,"name":"Biblical Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44176745" data-work_id="44176745" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44176745/Jewish_Languages_from_A_to_Z">Jewish Languages from A to Z</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44176745" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="23339cc6b575ea17d3f8d63cd8279d90" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64536711,"asset_id":44176745,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64536711/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3342101" href="https://uga.academia.edu/AaronRubin">Aaron Rubin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3342101" type="text/json">{"id":3342101,"first_name":"Aaron","last_name":"Rubin","domain_name":"uga","page_name":"AaronRubin","display_name":"Aaron Rubin","profile_url":"https://uga.academia.edu/AaronRubin?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3342101/1119562/4748443/s65_aaron.rubin.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44176745 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44176745"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44176745, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44176745", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_44176745 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44176745; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_44176745"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_44176745 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44176745"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44176745; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44176745]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44176745").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44176745").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44176745"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="983" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Studies">Jewish Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="983" type="text/json">{"id":983,"name":"Jewish Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Studies?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1200" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics">Languages and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1200" type="text/json">{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15674" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics">Linguistics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="15674" type="text/json">{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44176745]'), work: {"id":44176745,"title":"Jewish Languages from A to Z","created_at":"2020-09-27T14:48:53.427-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44176745/Jewish_Languages_from_A_to_Z?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_44176745","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64536711,"asset_id":44176745,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3342101,"first_name":"Aaron","last_name":"Rubin","domain_name":"uga","page_name":"AaronRubin","display_name":"Aaron Rubin","profile_url":"https://uga.academia.edu/AaronRubin?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3342101/1119562/4748443/s65_aaron.rubin.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":983,"name":"Jewish Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Studies?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":26445,"name":"Judaism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judaism?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5532657" data-work_id="5532657" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5532657/The_Jibbali_Shahri_Language_of_Oman_Grammar_and_Texts">The Jibbali (Shahri) Language of Oman: Grammar and Texts</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This publication has been typeset in the multilingual "Brill" typeface. With over 5,100 characters covering Latin, IPA, Greek, and Cyrillic, this typeface is especially suitable for use in the humanities. For more information, please see... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5532657" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This publication has been typeset in the multilingual "Brill" typeface. With over 5,100 characters covering Latin, IPA, Greek, and Cyrillic, this typeface is especially suitable for use in the humanities. For more information, please see <a href="http://www.brill.com/brill-typeface" rel="nofollow">www.brill.com/brill-typeface</a>.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5532657" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f23c516e234a66dc009282311bbe5c21" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32971634,"asset_id":5532657,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32971634/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3342101" href="https://uga.academia.edu/AaronRubin">Aaron Rubin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3342101" type="text/json">{"id":3342101,"first_name":"Aaron","last_name":"Rubin","domain_name":"uga","page_name":"AaronRubin","display_name":"Aaron Rubin","profile_url":"https://uga.academia.edu/AaronRubin?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3342101/1119562/4748443/s65_aaron.rubin.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5532657 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5532657"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5532657, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5532657", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_5532657 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5532657; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_5532657"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_5532657 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="5532657"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5532657; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5532657]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_5532657").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_5532657").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5532657"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">17</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="787" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folklore">Folklore</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="787" type="text/json">{"id":787,"name":"Folklore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folklore?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1200" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics">Languages and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1200" type="text/json">{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1207" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics">Historical Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1207" type="text/json">{"id":1207,"name":"Historical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1270" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Literature">Arabic Literature</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1270" type="text/json">{"id":1270,"name":"Arabic Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Literature?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5532657]'), work: {"id":5532657,"title":"The Jibbali (Shahri) Language of Oman: Grammar and Texts","created_at":"2013-12-26T12:03:02.346-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5532657/The_Jibbali_Shahri_Language_of_Oman_Grammar_and_Texts?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_5532657","summary":"This publication has been typeset in the multilingual \"Brill\" typeface. With over 5,100 characters covering Latin, IPA, Greek, and Cyrillic, this typeface is especially suitable for use in the humanities. For more information, please see www.brill.com/brill-typeface.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32971634,"asset_id":5532657,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3342101,"first_name":"Aaron","last_name":"Rubin","domain_name":"uga","page_name":"AaronRubin","display_name":"Aaron Rubin","profile_url":"https://uga.academia.edu/AaronRubin?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3342101/1119562/4748443/s65_aaron.rubin.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":787,"name":"Folklore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folklore?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1207,"name":"Historical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1270,"name":"Arabic Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Literature?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709"},{"id":2722,"name":"Arabic Language and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":14861,"name":"Arabian Gulf","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabian_Gulf?f_ri=1709"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":23965,"name":"Modern South Arabian Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_South_Arabian_Languages?f_ri=1709"},{"id":24215,"name":"Comparative Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":55418,"name":"Descriptive Grammar","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Descriptive_Grammar?f_ri=1709"},{"id":57633,"name":"Oman","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oman?f_ri=1709"},{"id":58132,"name":"Descriptive Linguistics, Language Documentation, Indigenous Languages, Sociolinguistics, Field Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Descriptive_Linguistics_Language_Documentation_Indigenous_Languages_Sociolinguistics_Field_Lingu?f_ri=1709"},{"id":95162,"name":"Grammar","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Grammar?f_ri=1709"},{"id":112082,"name":"Semitic Philology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Philology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":112085,"name":"South Arabian Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/South_Arabian_Culture?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_28207745" data-work_id="28207745" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/28207745/The_Complexity_of_Verbal_Semantics_An_Intricate_Relationship_Between_Qatal_and_Wayyiqtol_Journal_of_Hebrew_Scriptures_2016_16_4_1_95">The Complexity of Verbal Semantics--- An Intricate Relationship Between Qatal and Wayyiqtol. Journal of Hebrew Scriptures (2016) 16/4:1-95</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/28207745" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="65e5007607d34f2ab9858dea70c1eb5f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48518885,"asset_id":28207745,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48518885/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3099712" href="https://uct.academia.edu/AlexanderAndrason">Alexander Andrason</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3099712" type="text/json">{"id":3099712,"first_name":"Alexander","last_name":"Andrason","domain_name":"uct","page_name":"AlexanderAndrason","display_name":"Alexander Andrason","profile_url":"https://uct.academia.edu/AlexanderAndrason?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3099712/1018388/126084802/s65_alexander.andrason.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_28207745 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="28207745"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 28207745, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_28207745", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_28207745 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 28207745; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_28207745"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_28207745 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="28207745"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 28207745; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=28207745]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_28207745").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_28207745").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="28207745"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3034" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics">Comparative Semitic Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3034" type="text/json">{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13297" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Linguistics">Cognitive Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13297" type="text/json">{"id":13297,"name":"Cognitive Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24215" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitics">Comparative Semitics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="24215" type="text/json">{"id":24215,"name":"Comparative Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=28207745]'), work: {"id":28207745,"title":"The Complexity of Verbal Semantics--- An Intricate Relationship Between Qatal and Wayyiqtol. Journal of Hebrew Scriptures (2016) 16/4:1-95","created_at":"2016-09-02T09:32:19.991-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/28207745/The_Complexity_of_Verbal_Semantics_An_Intricate_Relationship_Between_Qatal_and_Wayyiqtol_Journal_of_Hebrew_Scriptures_2016_16_4_1_95?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_28207745","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48518885,"asset_id":28207745,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3099712,"first_name":"Alexander","last_name":"Andrason","domain_name":"uct","page_name":"AlexanderAndrason","display_name":"Alexander Andrason","profile_url":"https://uct.academia.edu/AlexanderAndrason?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3099712/1018388/126084802/s65_alexander.andrason.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":13297,"name":"Cognitive Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":24215,"name":"Comparative Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":32992,"name":"Biblical Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709"},{"id":60457,"name":"Biblical Hebrew","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew?f_ri=1709"},{"id":241468,"name":"Semantic Maps","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semantic_Maps?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35502938 coauthored" data-work_id="35502938" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35502938/Een_Kennismaking_met_de_Oude_Wereld_Zevende_herziene_druk_An_Introduction_to_the_Ancient_World_Seventh_rewritten_edition_">Een Kennismaking met de Oude Wereld. Zevende, herziene druk. [An Introduction to the Ancient World. Seventh, rewritten edition]</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Thoroughly rewritten 7th edition of a textbook for freshmen students of history, classics, archaeology, ancient studies and a general readership interested in the history of ancient Near East and the Graeco-Roman world. The new edition... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35502938" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Thoroughly rewritten 7th edition of a textbook for freshmen students of history, classics, archaeology, ancient studies and a general readership interested in the history of ancient Near East and the Graeco-Roman world. The new edition contains chronological tables and 'boxes' on special topics, such as the Ancient Near Eastern economy, Mesopotamian, Egyptian, Greek and Roman gods, forms of dependent and independent labour. Kristin Kleber, Ben Haring, Jan Paul Crielaard and Jaap Jan Flinterman read parts of the book and provided various new paragraphs. The authors profited also from advice of a number of users of the book. Both authors bear the sole responsibility for the final result. Training tools are available on the website of the publisher. An English and a German edition of this book are in press at Routledge and Steiner. More information and parts of the book to be inspected here: <a href="https://uitgeverij-coutinho.cld.bz/9789046905876-2017-SPEC" rel="nofollow">https://uitgeverij-coutinho.cld.bz/9789046905876-2017-SPEC</a></div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35502938" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e3a7c7f1843b8580d52367fad6ad49c3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55475361,"asset_id":35502938,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55475361/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="143568" href="https://vu-nl.academia.edu/RJBertvanderSpek">R.J. (Bert) van der Spek</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="143568" type="text/json">{"id":143568,"first_name":"R.J. (Bert)","last_name":"van der Spek","domain_name":"vu-nl","page_name":"RJBertvanderSpek","display_name":"R.J. (Bert) van der Spek","profile_url":"https://vu-nl.academia.edu/RJBertvanderSpek?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/143568/221071/258415/s65_r.j.__bert_.van_der_spek.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-35502938">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-35502938"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/LukasdeBlois">Lukas de Blois</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-35502938'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-35502938').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35502938 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35502938"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35502938, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35502938", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_35502938 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35502938; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_35502938"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_35502938 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35502938"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35502938; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35502938]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_35502938").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_35502938").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="35502938"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">26</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="130" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History">Ancient History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="130" type="text/json">{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="137" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_History">Economic History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="137" type="text/json">{"id":137,"name":"Economic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_History?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="392" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology">Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="392" type="text/json">{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35502938]'), work: {"id":35502938,"title":"Een Kennismaking met de Oude Wereld. Zevende, herziene druk. [An Introduction to the Ancient World. Seventh, rewritten edition]","created_at":"2017-12-24T04:58:40.495-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35502938/Een_Kennismaking_met_de_Oude_Wereld_Zevende_herziene_druk_An_Introduction_to_the_Ancient_World_Seventh_rewritten_edition_?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_35502938","summary":"Thoroughly rewritten 7th edition of a textbook for freshmen students of history, classics, archaeology, ancient studies and a general readership interested in the history of ancient Near East and the Graeco-Roman world. The new edition contains chronological tables and 'boxes' on special topics, such as the Ancient Near Eastern economy, Mesopotamian, Egyptian, Greek and Roman gods, forms of dependent and independent labour. Kristin Kleber, Ben Haring, Jan Paul Crielaard and Jaap Jan Flinterman read parts of the book and provided various new paragraphs. The authors profited also from advice of a number of users of the book. Both authors bear the sole responsibility for the final result. Training tools are available on the website of the publisher. An English and a German edition of this book are in press at Routledge and Steiner. More information and parts of the book to be inspected here: https://uitgeverij-coutinho.cld.bz/9789046905876-2017-SPEC\r\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55475361,"asset_id":35502938,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":143568,"first_name":"R.J. (Bert)","last_name":"van der Spek","domain_name":"vu-nl","page_name":"RJBertvanderSpek","display_name":"R.J. (Bert) van der Spek","profile_url":"https://vu-nl.academia.edu/RJBertvanderSpek?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/143568/221071/258415/s65_r.j.__bert_.van_der_spek.jpg"},{"id":55994227,"first_name":"Lukas de","last_name":"Blois","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LukasdeBlois","display_name":"Lukas de Blois","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LukasdeBlois?f_ri=1709","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":137,"name":"Economic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_History?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":393,"name":"Classical Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classical_Archaeology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":397,"name":"Near Eastern Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Archaeology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":816,"name":"Classics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=1709"},{"id":915,"name":"Art History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_History?f_ri=1709"},{"id":1302,"name":"Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709"},{"id":1764,"name":"Assyriology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assyriology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":3266,"name":"Hellenistic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hellenistic_History?f_ri=1709"},{"id":6528,"name":"Biblical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":6755,"name":"Mesopotamia History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesopotamia_History?f_ri=1709"},{"id":17618,"name":"Greek Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_Archaeology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=1709"},{"id":22878,"name":"Ancient Greek History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Greek_History?f_ri=1709"},{"id":23050,"name":"Teaching History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_History?f_ri=1709"},{"id":36215,"name":"History Teaching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_Teaching?f_ri=1709"},{"id":143392,"name":"Ancient Roman economy, trade and commerce","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Roman_economy_trade_and_commerce?f_ri=1709"},{"id":322024,"name":"Lerarenopleiding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lerarenopleiding?f_ri=1709"},{"id":507124,"name":"Geschiedenis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geschiedenis?f_ri=1709"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":2574790,"name":"Oude Geschiedenis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oude_Geschiedenis?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34956320" data-work_id="34956320" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34956320/_The_Tribe_of_Manasseh_and_the_Jordan_River_Geography_Society_History_and_Biblical_Memory_PhD_Dissertation_Bar_Ilan_University_Ramat_Gan_2017_">"The Tribe of Manasseh and the Jordan River: Geography, Society, History, and Biblical Memory" (PhD Dissertation, Bar-Ilan University; Ramat Gan: 2017).</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34956320" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4c111f1ba141bec38d3ba92d401d1d7c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54818497,"asset_id":34956320,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54818497/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="22765745" href="https://jtsa.academia.edu/DavidMoster">David Moster</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="22765745" type="text/json">{"id":22765745,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Moster","domain_name":"jtsa","page_name":"DavidMoster","display_name":"David Moster","profile_url":"https://jtsa.academia.edu/DavidMoster?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/22765745/6204500/19358629/s65_david.moster.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34956320 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34956320"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34956320, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34956320", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_34956320 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34956320; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_34956320"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_34956320 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34956320"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34956320; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34956320]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34956320").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34956320").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34956320"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="261" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography">Geography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="261" type="text/json">{"id":261,"name":"Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="392" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology">Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="392" type="text/json">{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="983" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Studies">Jewish Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="983" type="text/json">{"id":983,"name":"Jewish Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Studies?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34956320]'), work: {"id":34956320,"title":"\"The Tribe of Manasseh and the Jordan River: Geography, Society, History, and Biblical Memory\" (PhD Dissertation, Bar-Ilan University; Ramat Gan: 2017).","created_at":"2017-10-25T08:45:27.915-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34956320/_The_Tribe_of_Manasseh_and_the_Jordan_River_Geography_Society_History_and_Biblical_Memory_PhD_Dissertation_Bar_Ilan_University_Ramat_Gan_2017_?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_34956320","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54818497,"asset_id":34956320,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":22765745,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Moster","domain_name":"jtsa","page_name":"DavidMoster","display_name":"David Moster","profile_url":"https://jtsa.academia.edu/DavidMoster?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/22765745/6204500/19358629/s65_david.moster.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":261,"name":"Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geography?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":983,"name":"Jewish Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Studies?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":2015,"name":"Middle East Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":2170,"name":"Ethnography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnography?f_ri=1709"},{"id":6184,"name":"Israel/Palestine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Israel_Palestine?f_ri=1709"},{"id":6528,"name":"Biblical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":6529,"name":"Old Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Testament?f_ri=1709"},{"id":15392,"name":"Jordan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jordan?f_ri=1709"},{"id":16829,"name":"Biblical Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Archaeology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=1709"},{"id":65038,"name":"Tribal studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tribal_studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":445280,"name":"Hebrew Bible/Old Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_Old_Testament?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12905559" data-work_id="12905559" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12905559/A_Modern_Grammar_for_Biblical_Hebrew_2009_excerpt_">A Modern Grammar for Biblical Hebrew (2009 excerpt)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A first-year resource to guide introductory Hebrew courses, A MODERN GRAMMAR FOR BIBLICAL HEBREW is a complete revision of Duane Garrett's previous textbook A MODERN GRAMMAR FOR CLASSICAL HEBREW. Written with the student in mind, this new... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12905559" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A first-year resource to guide introductory Hebrew courses, A MODERN GRAMMAR FOR BIBLICAL HEBREW is a complete revision of Duane Garrett's previous textbook A MODERN GRAMMAR FOR CLASSICAL HEBREW. Written with the student in mind, this new textbook provides an innovative overview of the essentials of grammar while moving the learning into the original text as early as lesson eight, providing first-hand experience in God's word. Some of the distinct features are as follows: <br />    -Completes all essential first-year material in 26 lessons. <br />    -Clarifies the rules for accent shift and vowel change very early. <br />    -Overviews the verbs within the first weeks of study. <br />    -Enables early mastery of weak verbs. <br />    -Initially introduces weak roots and derived stems first through principal parts. <br />    -Includes intermediate topics in the final chapters and appendixes. <br />A MODERN GRAMMAR FOR BIBLICAL HEBREW includes tables, charts, and "blackboards" for further emphasis and features a CD containing additional helps for the student and teacher. Flexible teaching plans guide the learner through the essentials, whether the goal is an understanding of only the rudiments of traditional first-year biblical Hebrew or an appreciation of intermediate issues like Masoretic cantillation, textual criticism, lexicography, or discourse grammar and literary structure in prose and poetry. Appendixes include introductions to the standard Hebrew text and use of a lexicon, as well as a glossary, vocabulary lists, and verb paradigms.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12905559" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cbc38d2dd546ecda73933d0b2bc52d16" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37875380,"asset_id":12905559,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37875380/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="15721170" href="https://mbts.academia.edu/JasonDeRouchie">Jason S DeRouchie</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="15721170" type="text/json">{"id":15721170,"first_name":"Jason","last_name":"DeRouchie","domain_name":"mbts","page_name":"JasonDeRouchie","display_name":"Jason S DeRouchie","profile_url":"https://mbts.academia.edu/JasonDeRouchie?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15721170/4515937/108512560/s65_jason.derouchie.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12905559 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12905559"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12905559, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12905559", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_12905559 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12905559; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_12905559"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_12905559 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="12905559"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12905559; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12905559]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12905559").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12905559").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12905559"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2063" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language">Hebrew Language</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2063" type="text/json">{"id":2063,"name":"Hebrew Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4173" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible">Hebrew Bible</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4173" type="text/json">{"id":4173,"name":"Hebrew Bible","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32992" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_">Biblical Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="32992" type="text/json">{"id":32992,"name":"Biblical Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12905559]'), work: {"id":12905559,"title":"A Modern Grammar for Biblical Hebrew (2009 excerpt)","created_at":"2015-06-10T09:07:40.136-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12905559/A_Modern_Grammar_for_Biblical_Hebrew_2009_excerpt_?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_12905559","summary":"A first-year resource to guide introductory Hebrew courses, A MODERN GRAMMAR FOR BIBLICAL HEBREW is a complete revision of Duane Garrett's previous textbook A MODERN GRAMMAR FOR CLASSICAL HEBREW. Written with the student in mind, this new textbook provides an innovative overview of the essentials of grammar while moving the learning into the original text as early as lesson eight, providing first-hand experience in God's word. Some of the distinct features are as follows:\r\n -Completes all essential first-year material in 26 lessons.\r\n -Clarifies the rules for accent shift and vowel change very early.\r\n -Overviews the verbs within the first weeks of study.\r\n -Enables early mastery of weak verbs.\r\n -Initially introduces weak roots and derived stems first through principal parts.\r\n -Includes intermediate topics in the final chapters and appendixes.\r\nA MODERN GRAMMAR FOR BIBLICAL HEBREW includes tables, charts, and \"blackboards\" for further emphasis and features a CD containing additional helps for the student and teacher. Flexible teaching plans guide the learner through the essentials, whether the goal is an understanding of only the rudiments of traditional first-year biblical Hebrew or an appreciation of intermediate issues like Masoretic cantillation, textual criticism, lexicography, or discourse grammar and literary structure in prose and poetry. Appendixes include introductions to the standard Hebrew text and use of a lexicon, as well as a glossary, vocabulary lists, and verb paradigms.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37875380,"asset_id":12905559,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":15721170,"first_name":"Jason","last_name":"DeRouchie","domain_name":"mbts","page_name":"JasonDeRouchie","display_name":"Jason S DeRouchie","profile_url":"https://mbts.academia.edu/JasonDeRouchie?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15721170/4515937/108512560/s65_jason.derouchie.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":2063,"name":"Hebrew Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":4173,"name":"Hebrew Bible","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":32992,"name":"Biblical Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":33430,"name":"Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":60457,"name":"Biblical Hebrew","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew?f_ri=1709"},{"id":75043,"name":"Hebrew grammar","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_grammar?f_ri=1709"},{"id":445280,"name":"Hebrew Bible/Old Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_Old_Testament?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_71455911" data-work_id="71455911" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/71455911/Reading_and_spelling_error_analysis_of_native_Arabic_dyslexic_readers">Reading and spelling error analysis of native Arabic dyslexic readers</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This study was an investigation of reading and spelling errors of dyslexic Arabic readers (n 1⁄4 20) compared with two groups of normal readers: a young readers group, matched with the dyslexics by reading level (n 1⁄4 20) and an... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_71455911" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This study was an investigation of reading and spelling errors of dyslexic Arabic readers (n 1⁄4 20) compared with two groups of normal readers: a young readers group, matched with the dyslexics by reading level (n 1⁄4 20) and an age-matched group (n 1⁄4 20). They were tested on reading and spelling of texts, isolated words and pseudowords. Two research questions were the focus of this study: What are the reading and spelling profile errors of dyslexic native Arabic speakers? What is the effect of the Arabic orthography on these types of errors? The results of the reading error analysis revealed a clear contribution of the uniqueness of the Arabic orthography to the types of errors made by the three different groups. In addition, the error profiles of the dyslexic readers were similar to the error profiles made by the younger readinglevel-matched group in percentages and in quality. The most prominent types of errors were morphological and semiphonetic, which highlighted the contrib...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/71455911" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6f830956096f6fac9eee82d4c7acd867" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":80790181,"asset_id":71455911,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80790181/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="28349712" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SalimAbuRabia">Salim Abu-Rabia</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="28349712" type="text/json">{"id":28349712,"first_name":"Salim","last_name":"Abu-Rabia","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SalimAbuRabia","display_name":"Salim Abu-Rabia","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SalimAbuRabia?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/28349712/8006668/109397092/s65_salim.abu-rabia.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_71455911 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="71455911"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 71455911, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_71455911", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_71455911 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 71455911; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_71455911"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_71455911 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="71455911"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 71455911; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=71455911]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_71455911").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_71455911").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="71455911"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="65140" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Models">Models</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="65140" type="text/json">{"id":65140,"name":"Models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Models?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="81504" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Correlation">Correlation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="81504" type="text/json">{"id":81504,"name":"Correlation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Correlation?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="208996" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_processes">Cognitive processes</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="208996" type="text/json">{"id":208996,"name":"Cognitive processes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_processes?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=71455911]'), work: {"id":71455911,"title":"Reading and spelling error analysis of native Arabic dyslexic readers","created_at":"2022-02-14T01:02:51.189-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/71455911/Reading_and_spelling_error_analysis_of_native_Arabic_dyslexic_readers?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_71455911","summary":"This study was an investigation of reading and spelling errors of dyslexic Arabic readers (n 1⁄4 20) compared with two groups of normal readers: a young readers group, matched with the dyslexics by reading level (n 1⁄4 20) and an age-matched group (n 1⁄4 20). They were tested on reading and spelling of texts, isolated words and pseudowords. Two research questions were the focus of this study: What are the reading and spelling profile errors of dyslexic native Arabic speakers? What is the effect of the Arabic orthography on these types of errors? The results of the reading error analysis revealed a clear contribution of the uniqueness of the Arabic orthography to the types of errors made by the three different groups. In addition, the error profiles of the dyslexic readers were similar to the error profiles made by the younger readinglevel-matched group in percentages and in quality. The most prominent types of errors were morphological and semiphonetic, which highlighted the contrib...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":80790181,"asset_id":71455911,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":28349712,"first_name":"Salim","last_name":"Abu-Rabia","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SalimAbuRabia","display_name":"Salim Abu-Rabia","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SalimAbuRabia?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/28349712/8006668/109397092/s65_salim.abu-rabia.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":65140,"name":"Models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Models?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":81504,"name":"Correlation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Correlation?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":208996,"name":"Cognitive processes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_processes?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_72090301" data-work_id="72090301" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/72090301/Semantic_interaction_in_early_and_late_bilinguals_All_words_are_not_created_equally_ERRATUM">Semantic interaction in early and late bilinguals: All words are not created equally � ERRATUM</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/72090301" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="874f0f424d017ad8c06242764bf7fa71" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":81160106,"asset_id":72090301,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81160106/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="213394263" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RubaMoawad">Ruba Moawad</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="213394263" type="text/json">{"id":213394263,"first_name":"Ruba","last_name":"Moawad","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RubaMoawad","display_name":"Ruba Moawad","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RubaMoawad?f_ri=1709","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_72090301 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="72090301"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 72090301, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_72090301", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_72090301 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 72090301; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_72090301"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_72090301 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="72090301"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 72090301; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=72090301]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_72090301").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_72090301").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="72090301"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="237" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="237" type="text/json">{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1417" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Acquisition">Language Acquisition</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1417" type="text/json">{"id":1417,"name":"Language Acquisition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Acquisition?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=72090301]'), work: {"id":72090301,"title":"Semantic interaction in early and late bilinguals: All words are not created equally � ERRATUM","created_at":"2022-02-21T04:27:06.940-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/72090301/Semantic_interaction_in_early_and_late_bilinguals_All_words_are_not_created_equally_ERRATUM?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_72090301","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81160106,"asset_id":72090301,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":213394263,"first_name":"Ruba","last_name":"Moawad","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RubaMoawad","display_name":"Ruba Moawad","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RubaMoawad?f_ri=1709","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1417,"name":"Language Acquisition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Acquisition?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":2349,"name":"Semantics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semantics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":6223,"name":"English","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English?f_ri=1709"},{"id":9032,"name":"Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interaction?f_ri=1709"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":18573,"name":"Categorization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Categorization?f_ri=1709"},{"id":41793,"name":"Language and Cognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_and_Cognition?f_ri=1709"},{"id":47268,"name":"Bilingualism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bilingualism?f_ri=1709"},{"id":65140,"name":"Models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Models?f_ri=1709"},{"id":106145,"name":"Classification","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classification?f_ri=1709"},{"id":237531,"name":"Interlanguage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interlanguage?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6332218" data-work_id="6332218" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6332218/Zewi_Tamar_1997_Subjects_Preceded_by_the_Preposition_et_in_Biblical_Hebrew_In_Wagner_A_ed_Studien_zur_Hebr%C3%A4ischen_Grammatik_Orbis_Biblicus_et_Orientalis_156_Freiburg_Schweiz_Universit%C5%A0tverlag_and_Goettingen_Vandenhoeck_and_Ruprecht_171_183">Zewi, Tamar. 1997. “Subjects Preceded by the Preposition 'et in Biblical Hebrew.” In: Wagner, A. ed. Studien zur Hebräischen Grammatik (Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis 156). Freiburg (Schweiz): UniversitŠtverlag & Goettingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht: 171-183.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6332218" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2eb3f09f8bb327947447b7e285a25441" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33163164,"asset_id":6332218,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33163164/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9672986" href="https://haifa.academia.edu/TamarZewi">Tamar Zewi תמר צבי</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9672986" type="text/json">{"id":9672986,"first_name":"Tamar","last_name":"Zewi תמר צבי","domain_name":"haifa","page_name":"TamarZewi","display_name":"Tamar Zewi תמר צבי","profile_url":"https://haifa.academia.edu/TamarZewi?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9672986/3071428/3612456/s65_tamar.zewi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6332218 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6332218"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6332218, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6332218", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_6332218 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6332218; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_6332218"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_6332218 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="6332218"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6332218; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6332218]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6332218").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6332218").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6332218"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">17</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1200" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics">Languages and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1200" type="text/json">{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2722" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics">Arabic Language and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2722" type="text/json">{"id":2722,"name":"Arabic Language and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3034" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics">Comparative Semitic Linguistics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3034" type="text/json">{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6332218]'), work: {"id":6332218,"title":"Zewi, Tamar. 1997. “Subjects Preceded by the Preposition 'et in Biblical Hebrew.” In: Wagner, A. ed. Studien zur Hebräischen Grammatik (Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis 156). Freiburg (Schweiz): UniversitŠtverlag \u0026 Goettingen: Vandenhoeck \u0026 Ruprecht: 171-183.","created_at":"2014-03-07T22:38:35.712-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6332218/Zewi_Tamar_1997_Subjects_Preceded_by_the_Preposition_et_in_Biblical_Hebrew_In_Wagner_A_ed_Studien_zur_Hebr%C3%A4ischen_Grammatik_Orbis_Biblicus_et_Orientalis_156_Freiburg_Schweiz_Universit%C5%A0tverlag_and_Goettingen_Vandenhoeck_and_Ruprecht_171_183?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_6332218","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33163164,"asset_id":6332218,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9672986,"first_name":"Tamar","last_name":"Zewi תמר צבי","domain_name":"haifa","page_name":"TamarZewi","display_name":"Tamar Zewi תמר צבי","profile_url":"https://haifa.academia.edu/TamarZewi?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9672986/3071428/3612456/s65_tamar.zewi.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":2722,"name":"Arabic Language and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":4173,"name":"Hebrew Bible","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible?f_ri=1709"},{"id":6671,"name":"Syntax","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syntax?f_ri=1709"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":24215,"name":"Comparative Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":26305,"name":"Bible","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bible?f_ri=1709"},{"id":32992,"name":"Biblical Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709"},{"id":33430,"name":"Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":39376,"name":"Comparative Semitics (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitics_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709"},{"id":49171,"name":"Arabic Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language?f_ri=1709"},{"id":50796,"name":"Language contact","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_contact?f_ri=1709"},{"id":76716,"name":"Bible studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bible_studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":112082,"name":"Semitic Philology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Philology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":445280,"name":"Hebrew Bible/Old Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_Old_Testament?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4642243" data-work_id="4642243" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4642243/Subjective_Happiness_of_Lebanese_College_Youth_in_Lebanon_Factorial_Structure_and_Invariance_of_the_Arabic_Subjective_Happiness_Scale">Subjective Happiness of Lebanese College Youth in Lebanon: Factorial Structure and Invariance of the Arabic Subjective Happiness Scale</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The present study evaluated the subjective happiness of Lebanese college youth using a multi-item rather than a single-item subjective happiness measure. An Arabic translation of the Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS) was administered to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4642243" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The present study evaluated the subjective happiness of Lebanese college youth using a multi-item rather than a single-item subjective happiness measure. An Arabic translation of the Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS) was administered to 273 Lebanese college youth from state- and private-run higher institutions of learning, as was the Arabic Adult Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire (Arabic PARQ). The reliability and validity of the Arabic SHS was tested in terms of factor analysis, internal consistency, and correlation with Arabic PARQ scores, as was the factorial invariance and relation of the scale across age, sex, marital status, birth order, and college campus. The Arabic SHS showed a reliable unitary structure similar to those found in other cultures, and factorial invariance across sex, marital status, birth order and college campus. While age, sex, marital status and birth order were independent of happiness scores, college students attending the private university reported greater happiness than those from the state-run academic setting. It was concluded that the Lebanese Arabic SHS is a reliable and valid measure of global subjective happiness, its factor structure is similar across other translated versions of the scale, and its scores are independent of age, sex, marital status and birth order.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4642243" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2b69a98ea69e49c1dcdb88f8a98ee14d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33379385,"asset_id":4642243,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33379385/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5874235" href="https://aub-lb.academia.edu/LamiaMoghnieh">Lamia Moghnieh</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5874235" type="text/json">{"id":5874235,"first_name":"Lamia","last_name":"Moghnieh","domain_name":"aub-lb","page_name":"LamiaMoghnieh","display_name":"Lamia Moghnieh","profile_url":"https://aub-lb.academia.edu/LamiaMoghnieh?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/b08148e666ca0ec9f1d65548ae92e72a?s=65"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4642243 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4642243"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4642243, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4642243", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_4642243 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4642243; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_4642243"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_4642243 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4642243"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4642243; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4642243]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4642243").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4642243").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4642243"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="184" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology">Sociology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="184" type="text/json">{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3054" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Indicators">Social Indicators</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3054" type="text/json">{"id":3054,"name":"Social Indicators","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Indicators?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="30347" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Translation">Translation</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="30347" type="text/json">{"id":30347,"name":"Translation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Translation?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4642243]'), work: {"id":4642243,"title":"Subjective Happiness of Lebanese College Youth in Lebanon: Factorial Structure and Invariance of the Arabic Subjective Happiness Scale","created_at":"2013-10-01T09:24:47.494-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4642243/Subjective_Happiness_of_Lebanese_College_Youth_in_Lebanon_Factorial_Structure_and_Invariance_of_the_Arabic_Subjective_Happiness_Scale?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_4642243","summary":"The present study evaluated the subjective happiness of Lebanese college youth using a multi-item rather than a single-item subjective happiness measure. An Arabic translation of the Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS) was administered to 273 Lebanese college youth from state- and private-run higher institutions of learning, as was the Arabic Adult Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire (Arabic PARQ). The reliability and validity of the Arabic SHS was tested in terms of factor analysis, internal consistency, and correlation with Arabic PARQ scores, as was the factorial invariance and relation of the scale across age, sex, marital status, birth order, and college campus. The Arabic SHS showed a reliable unitary structure similar to those found in other cultures, and factorial invariance across sex, marital status, birth order and college campus. While age, sex, marital status and birth order were independent of happiness scores, college students attending the private university reported greater happiness than those from the state-run academic setting. It was concluded that the Lebanese Arabic SHS is a reliable and valid measure of global subjective happiness, its factor structure is similar across other translated versions of the scale, and its scores are independent of age, sex, marital status and birth order.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33379385,"asset_id":4642243,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5874235,"first_name":"Lamia","last_name":"Moghnieh","domain_name":"aub-lb","page_name":"LamiaMoghnieh","display_name":"Lamia Moghnieh","profile_url":"https://aub-lb.academia.edu/LamiaMoghnieh?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/b08148e666ca0ec9f1d65548ae92e72a?s=65"}],"research_interests":[{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":3054,"name":"Social Indicators","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Indicators?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":30347,"name":"Translation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Translation?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":60585,"name":"Factor analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Factor_analysis?f_ri=1709"},{"id":81504,"name":"Correlation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Correlation?f_ri=1709"},{"id":102674,"name":"College Students","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/College_Students?f_ri=1709"},{"id":123506,"name":"Reliability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reliability?f_ri=1709"},{"id":144833,"name":"Validity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Validity?f_ri=1709"},{"id":207152,"name":"Birth Order","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Birth_Order?f_ri=1709"},{"id":298035,"name":"Validity and Reliability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Validity_and_Reliability?f_ri=1709"},{"id":327850,"name":"Questionnaires","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaires?f_ri=1709"},{"id":998923,"name":"Structural Similarity Index","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Structural_Similarity_Index?f_ri=1709"},{"id":1033644,"name":"Factor structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Factor_structure?f_ri=1709"},{"id":1981316,"name":"Marital Status","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marital_Status?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6697023" data-work_id="6697023" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6697023/On_the_rise_of_Celtic_syntax_in_Middle_English">On the rise of Celtic syntax in Middle English</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article deals with the loss of the affected possessor construction (external possessor construction, sympathetic dative) in the history of English. First it is shown that Old English made a formal and semantic distinction between... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6697023" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article deals with the loss of the affected possessor construction (external possessor construction, sympathetic dative) in the history of English. First it is shown that Old English made a formal and semantic distinction between coding the possessor noun-phrase externally in the dative and noun-phrase internally in the genitive, as all other old Indo-European languages do, and as German does to the present day. [Sie schlug ihm (dative) den Kopf ab ‘she cut off his head (he: a living person)’ vs. Sie schlug seinen (genitive) Kopf ab (he/it: a corpse, a statue, etc.)’. Then the loss of this distinction in Middle English is demonstrated. Several possible reasons for this development are discussed and rejected, and the fact is pointed out that the only other languages spoken in Europe (beside Lezgian and Turkish) not making the distinction are the Insular Celtic languages. This leads to the conclusion that English lost the distinction because the Celtic substrate population did not acquire it in the language shift to Anglo-Saxon. Finally the question how Insular Celtic itself lost the distinction is answered analogously, viz. by the Semitic substrate population’s not learning to make the distinction in the language shift to Celtic (which then still made the inherited distinction), all the old Semitic languages only knowing the internal genitive possessor construction.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6697023" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c6fc41809862d10a9a6f4bfa8de8e822" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35048552,"asset_id":6697023,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35048552/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="10580760" href="https://lmu-munich.academia.edu/TheoVennemann">Theo Vennemann</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="10580760" type="text/json">{"id":10580760,"first_name":"Theo","last_name":"Vennemann","domain_name":"lmu-munich","page_name":"TheoVennemann","display_name":"Theo Vennemann","profile_url":"https://lmu-munich.academia.edu/TheoVennemann?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10580760/3198190/3765786/s65_theo.vennemann.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6697023 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6697023"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6697023, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6697023", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_6697023 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6697023; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_6697023"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_6697023 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="6697023"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6697023; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6697023]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6697023").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6697023").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6697023"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1392" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Studies">Celtic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1392" type="text/json">{"id":1392,"name":"Celtic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Studies?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2369" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_English">Middle English</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2369" type="text/json">{"id":2369,"name":"Middle English","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_English?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3979" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_language">English language</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3979" type="text/json">{"id":3979,"name":"English language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_language?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6697023]'), work: {"id":6697023,"title":"On the rise of Celtic syntax in Middle English","created_at":"2014-04-08T05:27:58.266-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6697023/On_the_rise_of_Celtic_syntax_in_Middle_English?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_6697023","summary":"This article deals with the loss of the affected possessor construction (external possessor construction, sympathetic dative) in the history of English. First it is shown that Old English made a formal and semantic distinction between coding the possessor noun-phrase externally in the dative and noun-phrase internally in the genitive, as all other old Indo-European languages do, and as German does to the present day. [Sie schlug ihm (dative) den Kopf ab ‘she cut off his head (he: a living person)’ vs. Sie schlug seinen (genitive) Kopf ab (he/it: a corpse, a statue, etc.)’. Then the loss of this distinction in Middle English is demonstrated. Several possible reasons for this development are discussed and rejected, and the fact is pointed out that the only other languages spoken in Europe (beside Lezgian and Turkish) not making the distinction are the Insular Celtic languages. This leads to the conclusion that English lost the distinction because the Celtic substrate population did not acquire it in the language shift to Anglo-Saxon. Finally the question how Insular Celtic itself lost the distinction is answered analogously, viz. by the Semitic substrate population’s not learning to make the distinction in the language shift to Celtic (which then still made the inherited distinction), all the old Semitic languages only knowing the internal genitive possessor construction. \r\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35048552,"asset_id":6697023,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":10580760,"first_name":"Theo","last_name":"Vennemann","domain_name":"lmu-munich","page_name":"TheoVennemann","display_name":"Theo Vennemann","profile_url":"https://lmu-munich.academia.edu/TheoVennemann?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10580760/3198190/3765786/s65_theo.vennemann.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1392,"name":"Celtic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Studies?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":2369,"name":"Middle English","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_English?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":3979,"name":"English language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_language?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":6672,"name":"Celtic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Celtic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":50796,"name":"Language contact","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_contact?f_ri=1709"},{"id":59821,"name":"Dative","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dative?f_ri=1709"},{"id":395937,"name":"Dative Case","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dative_Case?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6713830" data-work_id="6713830" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6713830/Teachers_views_on_organizational_and_pedagogical_approaches_to_early_bilingual_education_A_case_study_of_bilingual_kindergartens_in_Germany_and_Israel">Teachers’ views on organizational and pedagogical approaches to early bilingual education: A case study of bilingual kindergartens in Germany and Israel</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The article focuses on bilingual kindergartens in Germany and Israel offering education in both host (German or Hebrew) and immigrant (Russian) languages. The main questions are how teachers of bilingual kindergartens understand and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6713830" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The article focuses on bilingual kindergartens in Germany and Israel offering education in both host (German or Hebrew) and immigrant (Russian) languages. The main questions are how teachers of bilingual kindergartens understand and explain the organizational and pedagogical principles of the kindergartens and how they negotiate home and host country pedagogical experience. The methodological background of the study is Critical Discourse Analysis. The results reveal differences in the organizational and pedagogical principles that can be attributed to the preschool education policies in Germany and Israel, the status of the Russian language, and the specific characteristics of the kindergartens. .il (V. Moin), <a href="mailto:anna.breitkopf@gmx.de" rel="nofollow">anna.breitkopf@gmx.de</a> (A. Breitkopf), <a href="mailto:milasch@bgu.ac.il" rel="nofollow">milasch@bgu.ac.il</a> (M. Schwartz).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6713830" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2211216c9f55f9d02edd4eba5b05ca70" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48745264,"asset_id":6713830,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48745264/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="10983119" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MilaSchwartz">Mila Schwartz</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="10983119" type="text/json">{"id":10983119,"first_name":"Mila","last_name":"Schwartz","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MilaSchwartz","display_name":"Mila Schwartz","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MilaSchwartz?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10983119/3266424/3843776/s65_mila.schwartz.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6713830 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6713830"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6713830, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6713830", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_6713830 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6713830; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_6713830"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_6713830 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="6713830"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6713830; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6713830]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6713830").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6713830").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6713830"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="94" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Discourse_Analysis">Discourse Analysis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="94" type="text/json">{"id":94,"name":"Discourse Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Discourse_Analysis?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2716" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russian">Russian</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2716" type="text/json">{"id":2716,"name":"Russian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russian?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10633" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Critical_Discourse_Analysis">Critical Discourse Analysis</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="10633" type="text/json">{"id":10633,"name":"Critical Discourse Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Critical_Discourse_Analysis?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6713830]'), work: {"id":6713830,"title":"Teachers’ views on organizational and pedagogical approaches to early bilingual education: A case study of bilingual kindergartens in Germany and Israel","created_at":"2014-04-10T00:15:45.937-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6713830/Teachers_views_on_organizational_and_pedagogical_approaches_to_early_bilingual_education_A_case_study_of_bilingual_kindergartens_in_Germany_and_Israel?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_6713830","summary":"The article focuses on bilingual kindergartens in Germany and Israel offering education in both host (German or Hebrew) and immigrant (Russian) languages. The main questions are how teachers of bilingual kindergartens understand and explain the organizational and pedagogical principles of the kindergartens and how they negotiate home and host country pedagogical experience. The methodological background of the study is Critical Discourse Analysis. The results reveal differences in the organizational and pedagogical principles that can be attributed to the preschool education policies in Germany and Israel, the status of the Russian language, and the specific characteristics of the kindergartens. .il (V. Moin), anna.breitkopf@gmx.de (A. Breitkopf), milasch@bgu.ac.il (M. Schwartz).","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48745264,"asset_id":6713830,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":10983119,"first_name":"Mila","last_name":"Schwartz","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MilaSchwartz","display_name":"Mila Schwartz","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MilaSchwartz?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10983119/3266424/3843776/s65_mila.schwartz.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":94,"name":"Discourse Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Discourse_Analysis?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":2716,"name":"Russian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russian?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":10633,"name":"Critical Discourse Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Critical_Discourse_Analysis?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":11658,"name":"Bilingual Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bilingual_Education?f_ri=1709"},{"id":32175,"name":"German","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/German?f_ri=1709"},{"id":34642,"name":"Israel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Israel?f_ri=1709"},{"id":47268,"name":"Bilingualism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bilingualism?f_ri=1709"},{"id":54318,"name":"Immigrants","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immigrants?f_ri=1709"},{"id":67453,"name":"Preschool Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Preschool_Education?f_ri=1709"},{"id":96047,"name":"Case Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Case_Study?f_ri=1709"},{"id":508371,"name":"Curriculum and Pedagogy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Curriculum_and_Pedagogy?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44161618" data-work_id="44161618" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44161618/Review_of_N_J_C_Kouwenberg_A_Grammar_of_Old_Assyrian_2017_and_Kouwenberg_with_contributions_by_K_R_Veenhof_Introduction_to_Old_Assyrian_2019_Zeitschrift_f%C3%BCr_Assyriologie_110_125f">Review of: N. J. C. Kouwenberg, A Grammar of Old Assyrian (2017) and Kouwenberg, with contributions by K. R. Veenhof: Introduction to Old Assyrian (2019), Zeitschrift für Assyriologie 110, 125f.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44161618" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="aee2639605b497de317cae10a8f5b517" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64519154,"asset_id":44161618,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64519154/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31405428" href="https://uni-leipzig.academia.edu/MichaelPStreck">Michael P Streck</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31405428" type="text/json">{"id":31405428,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Streck","domain_name":"uni-leipzig","page_name":"MichaelPStreck","display_name":"Michael P Streck","profile_url":"https://uni-leipzig.academia.edu/MichaelPStreck?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31405428/14951706/15705940/s65_michael.streck.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44161618 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44161618"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44161618, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44161618", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_44161618 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44161618; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_44161618"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_44161618 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44161618"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44161618; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44161618]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44161618").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44161618").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44161618"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1764" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assyriology">Assyriology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1764" type="text/json">{"id":1764,"name":"Assyriology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assyriology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17936" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East">Ancient Near East</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17936" type="text/json">{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="20184" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Akkadian">Akkadian</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="20184" type="text/json">{"id":20184,"name":"Akkadian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Akkadian?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44161618]'), work: {"id":44161618,"title":"Review of: N. J. C. Kouwenberg, A Grammar of Old Assyrian (2017) and Kouwenberg, with contributions by K. R. Veenhof: Introduction to Old Assyrian (2019), Zeitschrift für Assyriologie 110, 125f.","created_at":"2020-09-25T01:50:04.273-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44161618/Review_of_N_J_C_Kouwenberg_A_Grammar_of_Old_Assyrian_2017_and_Kouwenberg_with_contributions_by_K_R_Veenhof_Introduction_to_Old_Assyrian_2019_Zeitschrift_f%C3%BCr_Assyriologie_110_125f?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_44161618","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64519154,"asset_id":44161618,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31405428,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Streck","domain_name":"uni-leipzig","page_name":"MichaelPStreck","display_name":"Michael P Streck","profile_url":"https://uni-leipzig.academia.edu/MichaelPStreck?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31405428/14951706/15705940/s65_michael.streck.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1764,"name":"Assyriology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assyriology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":20184,"name":"Akkadian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Akkadian?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":70098,"name":"Altorientalistik","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Altorientalistik?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_420370" data-work_id="420370" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/420370/syllabus_for_history_of_Hebrew_part_I_course_Spring_2011">syllabus for "history of Hebrew, part I" course, Spring 2011</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/420370" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c5f96c4aaac35f814abf0494e97082c9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":2559662,"asset_id":420370,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/2559662/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="53852" href="https://yeshiva.academia.edu/Koller">Aaron Koller</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="53852" type="text/json">{"id":53852,"first_name":"Aaron","last_name":"Koller","domain_name":"yeshiva","page_name":"Koller","display_name":"Aaron Koller","profile_url":"https://yeshiva.academia.edu/Koller?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/53852/16126/161574921/s65_aaron.koller.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_420370 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="420370"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 420370, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_420370", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_420370 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 420370; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_420370"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_420370 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="420370"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 420370; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=420370]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_420370").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_420370").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="420370"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2063" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language">Hebrew Language</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2063" type="text/json">{"id":2063,"name":"Hebrew Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17928" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Hebrew">Ancient Hebrew</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17928" type="text/json">{"id":17928,"name":"Ancient Hebrew","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Hebrew?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="37610" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_">Ancient Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="37610" type="text/json">{"id":37610,"name":"Ancient Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=420370]'), work: {"id":420370,"title":"syllabus for \"history of Hebrew, part I\" course, Spring 2011","created_at":"2011-01-23T12:36:11.513-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/420370/syllabus_for_history_of_Hebrew_part_I_course_Spring_2011?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_420370","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":2559662,"asset_id":420370,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":53852,"first_name":"Aaron","last_name":"Koller","domain_name":"yeshiva","page_name":"Koller","display_name":"Aaron Koller","profile_url":"https://yeshiva.academia.edu/Koller?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/53852/16126/161574921/s65_aaron.koller.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":2063,"name":"Hebrew Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":17928,"name":"Ancient Hebrew","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Hebrew?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":37610,"name":"Ancient Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":72198,"name":"Semitic Historical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Historical_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_48548284" data-work_id="48548284" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48548284/College_Students_Attitude_toward_the_Medium_of_Instruction_Arabic_versus_English_Dilemma">College Students' Attitude toward the Medium of Instruction: Arabic versus English Dilemma</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In 2012, the Supreme Education Council of the State of Qatar decreed a change from English to Arabic as a medium of instruction in four of the colleges of Qatar University. This surprise move created much controversy, especially among the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_48548284" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In 2012, the Supreme Education Council of the State of Qatar decreed a change from English to Arabic as a medium of instruction in four of the colleges of Qatar University. This surprise move created much controversy, especially among the students, the first stakeholders to be affected by this decision, related to the impact this change would have on their futures. The aim of this study is to investigate the attitudes of college students at Qatar University concerning the shift from English to Arabic as the language of instruction. The sample includes 295 students from the four colleges affected by this decision. Data were collected using an Arabic version of the standardized Student Attitudes Towards the Instructional Medium questionnaire. The findings of the study are interpreted in the light of students' perceptions about the place of English in Qatari society, the role of Arabic and English in their educational careers, and the importance of each language for their futures. Findings are also interpreted in the light of a review of previous findings on the attitudes of students on this issue. Discussion and recommendations may inform language policy decisions.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/48548284" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2ef8fffa2c5585e4b7e4277fe15df849" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67102817,"asset_id":48548284,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67102817/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31358213" href="https://ubalt.academia.edu/HaithamAlkhateeb">Haitham Alkhateeb</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31358213" type="text/json">{"id":31358213,"first_name":"Haitham","last_name":"Alkhateeb","domain_name":"ubalt","page_name":"HaithamAlkhateeb","display_name":"Haitham Alkhateeb","profile_url":"https://ubalt.academia.edu/HaithamAlkhateeb?f_ri=1709","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_48548284 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="48548284"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 48548284, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_48548284", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_48548284 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48548284; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_48548284"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_48548284 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="48548284"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48548284; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48548284]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_48548284").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_48548284").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="48548284"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6223" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English">English</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6223" type="text/json">{"id":6223,"name":"English","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47268" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bilingualism">Bilingualism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="47268" type="text/json">{"id":47268,"name":"Bilingualism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bilingualism?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="327850" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaires">Questionnaires</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="327850" type="text/json">{"id":327850,"name":"Questionnaires","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaires?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=48548284]'), work: {"id":48548284,"title":"College Students' Attitude toward the Medium of Instruction: Arabic versus English Dilemma","created_at":"2021-05-04T22:55:01.108-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/48548284/College_Students_Attitude_toward_the_Medium_of_Instruction_Arabic_versus_English_Dilemma?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_48548284","summary":"In 2012, the Supreme Education Council of the State of Qatar decreed a change from English to Arabic as a medium of instruction in four of the colleges of Qatar University. This surprise move created much controversy, especially among the students, the first stakeholders to be affected by this decision, related to the impact this change would have on their futures. The aim of this study is to investigate the attitudes of college students at Qatar University concerning the shift from English to Arabic as the language of instruction. The sample includes 295 students from the four colleges affected by this decision. Data were collected using an Arabic version of the standardized Student Attitudes Towards the Instructional Medium questionnaire. The findings of the study are interpreted in the light of students' perceptions about the place of English in Qatari society, the role of Arabic and English in their educational careers, and the importance of each language for their futures. Findings are also interpreted in the light of a review of previous findings on the attitudes of students on this issue. Discussion and recommendations may inform language policy decisions.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67102817,"asset_id":48548284,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31358213,"first_name":"Haitham","last_name":"Alkhateeb","domain_name":"ubalt","page_name":"HaithamAlkhateeb","display_name":"Haitham Alkhateeb","profile_url":"https://ubalt.academia.edu/HaithamAlkhateeb?f_ri=1709","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":6223,"name":"English","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":47268,"name":"Bilingualism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bilingualism?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":327850,"name":"Questionnaires","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaires?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42105922" data-work_id="42105922" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42105922/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B5_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A8%D8%B4%D9%8A_%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1_%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%AD%D9%86%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A8">النص الملكى الحبشي لعصر الامبراطور يوحنا الأول ترجمة ودراسة فى اللغة والأسلوب</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42105922" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d74e38f461c493dad1240740ff1d329f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62238227,"asset_id":42105922,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62238227/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="18274166" href="https://mansoura.academia.edu/HebaAwaffa">Heba Abouelwaffa</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="18274166" type="text/json">{"id":18274166,"first_name":"Heba","last_name":"Abouelwaffa","domain_name":"mansoura","page_name":"HebaAwaffa","display_name":"Heba Abouelwaffa","profile_url":"https://mansoura.academia.edu/HebaAwaffa?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/18274166/6185450/7008617/s65_heba.a.waffa.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42105922 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42105922"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42105922, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42105922", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_42105922 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42105922; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_42105922"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_42105922 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42105922"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42105922; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42105922]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_42105922").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_42105922").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="42105922"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2985" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethiopian_Studies">Ethiopian Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2985" type="text/json">{"id":2985,"name":"Ethiopian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethiopian_Studies?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="223518" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classical_Ethiopic">Classical Ethiopic</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="223518" type="text/json">{"id":223518,"name":"Classical Ethiopic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classical_Ethiopic?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="281447" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethiopian_History">Ethiopian History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="281447" type="text/json">{"id":281447,"name":"Ethiopian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethiopian_History?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=42105922]'), work: {"id":42105922,"title":"النص الملكى الحبشي لعصر الامبراطور يوحنا الأول ترجمة ودراسة فى اللغة والأسلوب","created_at":"2020-02-29T22:07:07.625-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/42105922/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B5_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A8%D8%B4%D9%8A_%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1_%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%AD%D9%86%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A8?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_42105922","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":62238227,"asset_id":42105922,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":18274166,"first_name":"Heba","last_name":"Abouelwaffa","domain_name":"mansoura","page_name":"HebaAwaffa","display_name":"Heba Abouelwaffa","profile_url":"https://mansoura.academia.edu/HebaAwaffa?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/18274166/6185450/7008617/s65_heba.a.waffa.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":2985,"name":"Ethiopian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethiopian_Studies?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":223518,"name":"Classical Ethiopic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classical_Ethiopic?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":281447,"name":"Ethiopian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethiopian_History?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_61071983" data-work_id="61071983" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/61071983/Stuttering_and_lexical_category_in_adult_Arabic_speakers">Stuttering and lexical category in adult Arabic speakers</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The purpose of this study was to test whether the content and function word dichotomy of speech disfluency found in English-speaking adults who stutter (AWS) was evident in a language other than English. A group of adult Arabic-speaking... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_61071983" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The purpose of this study was to test whether the content and function word dichotomy of speech disfluency found in English-speaking adults who stutter (AWS) was evident in a language other than English. A group of adult Arabic-speaking AWS were sampled across spontaneous speaking, oral reading, and single-word naming tasks. Moments of disfluency were identified and examined in regard to lexical category. Results indicated no significant differences in the amount of disfluency occurring on content and function words. The production of combined content-function words, a unique feature of the Arabic language, was associated with a high level of disfluency. The linguistic bases of stuttering are discussed in regard to language-specific influences.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/61071983" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="37b321a9ba0866ebb178f7846d7a11d0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":74240654,"asset_id":61071983,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74240654/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="109311070" href="https://kuniv.academia.edu/tareqalshatti">tareq alshatti</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="109311070" type="text/json">{"id":109311070,"first_name":"tareq","last_name":"alshatti","domain_name":"kuniv","page_name":"tareqalshatti","display_name":"tareq alshatti","profile_url":"https://kuniv.academia.edu/tareqalshatti?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/109311070/111527425/100783664/s65_tareq.alshatti.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_61071983 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="61071983"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 61071983, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_61071983", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_61071983 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61071983; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_61071983"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_61071983 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61071983"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61071983; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61071983]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_61071983").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_61071983").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="61071983"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="237" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="237" type="text/json">{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1206" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lexicology">Lexicology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1206" type="text/json">{"id":1206,"name":"Lexicology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lexicology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=61071983]'), work: {"id":61071983,"title":"Stuttering and lexical category in adult Arabic speakers","created_at":"2021-11-05T15:10:19.224-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/61071983/Stuttering_and_lexical_category_in_adult_Arabic_speakers?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_61071983","summary":"The purpose of this study was to test whether the content and function word dichotomy of speech disfluency found in English-speaking adults who stutter (AWS) was evident in a language other than English. A group of adult Arabic-speaking AWS were sampled across spontaneous speaking, oral reading, and single-word naming tasks. Moments of disfluency were identified and examined in regard to lexical category. Results indicated no significant differences in the amount of disfluency occurring on content and function words. The production of combined content-function words, a unique feature of the Arabic language, was associated with a high level of disfluency. The linguistic bases of stuttering are discussed in regard to language-specific influences.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":74240654,"asset_id":61071983,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":109311070,"first_name":"tareq","last_name":"alshatti","domain_name":"kuniv","page_name":"tareqalshatti","display_name":"tareq alshatti","profile_url":"https://kuniv.academia.edu/tareqalshatti?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/109311070/111527425/100783664/s65_tareq.alshatti.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1206,"name":"Lexicology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lexicology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":3324,"name":"Arabic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic?f_ri=1709"},{"id":5655,"name":"Clinical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":9471,"name":"Reading","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reading?f_ri=1709"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":18174,"name":"Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language?f_ri=1709"},{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent?f_ri=1709"},{"id":42799,"name":"Speech","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech?f_ri=1709"},{"id":106145,"name":"Classification","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classification?f_ri=1709"},{"id":130755,"name":"Names","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Names?f_ri=1709"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=1709"},{"id":263632,"name":"Contrastive Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contrastive_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":3981850,"name":"Language tests","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_tests?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_64698463" data-work_id="64698463" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/64698463/Developmental_Hierarchy_of_Arabic_Phonological_Awareness_Skills">Developmental Hierarchy of Arabic Phonological Awareness Skills</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Research indicates a strong relationship between phonological awareness and reading success. Phonemic intervention programs clearly show the benefits of explicitly teaching phonological awareness skills. Phonological awareness skills vary... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_64698463" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Research indicates a strong relationship between phonological awareness and reading success. Phonemic intervention programs clearly show the benefits of explicitly teaching phonological awareness skills. Phonological awareness skills vary in nature and degree of difficulty and appear to follow a developmental progression. This study examined a developmental hierarchy of four Arabic phonological awareness tasks. The participants were 140 native Arabic speaking students from elementary grades one to three. They were administered four different phonological awareness tasks. One-way ANOVA and multiple comparisons were used to analyze the data of the study. The results revealed differences across phonological awareness tasks among different grade levels. Results of this study indicated that the four phonological awareness tasks ranged from easy to difficult in the following; rhyme, initial sound identification, syllable deletion and phoneme segmentation. Significant differences were foun...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/64698463" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="64d14844ac4ec15d3fc1b2f99f4f59fb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":76615283,"asset_id":64698463,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/76615283/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="50432350" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SanaTibi">Sana Tibi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="50432350" type="text/json">{"id":50432350,"first_name":"Sana","last_name":"Tibi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SanaTibi","display_name":"Sana Tibi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SanaTibi?f_ri=1709","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_64698463 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="64698463"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 64698463, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_64698463", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_64698463 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 64698463; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_64698463"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_64698463 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="64698463"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 64698463; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=64698463]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_64698463").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_64698463").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="64698463"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1062" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Special_Education">Special Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1062" type="text/json">{"id":1062,"name":"Special Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Special_Education?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5187" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Statistical_Analysis">Statistical Analysis</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="5187" type="text/json">{"id":5187,"name":"Statistical Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Statistical_Analysis?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=64698463]'), work: {"id":64698463,"title":"Developmental Hierarchy of Arabic Phonological Awareness Skills","created_at":"2021-12-16T22:03:00.694-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/64698463/Developmental_Hierarchy_of_Arabic_Phonological_Awareness_Skills?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_64698463","summary":"Research indicates a strong relationship between phonological awareness and reading success. Phonemic intervention programs clearly show the benefits of explicitly teaching phonological awareness skills. Phonological awareness skills vary in nature and degree of difficulty and appear to follow a developmental progression. This study examined a developmental hierarchy of four Arabic phonological awareness tasks. The participants were 140 native Arabic speaking students from elementary grades one to three. They were administered four different phonological awareness tasks. One-way ANOVA and multiple comparisons were used to analyze the data of the study. The results revealed differences across phonological awareness tasks among different grade levels. Results of this study indicated that the four phonological awareness tasks ranged from easy to difficult in the following; rhyme, initial sound identification, syllable deletion and phoneme segmentation. Significant differences were foun...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":76615283,"asset_id":64698463,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":50432350,"first_name":"Sana","last_name":"Tibi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SanaTibi","display_name":"Sana Tibi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SanaTibi?f_ri=1709","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1062,"name":"Special Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Special_Education?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":5187,"name":"Statistical Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Statistical_Analysis?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":36556,"name":"Elementary Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elementary_Education?f_ri=1709"},{"id":97450,"name":"Intervention","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intervention?f_ri=1709"},{"id":152553,"name":"Comparative Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Analysis?f_ri=1709"},{"id":208996,"name":"Cognitive processes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_processes?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10421465" data-work_id="10421465" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10421465/Breaking_Bread_with_the_Dead_Katumuwas_Stele_Hosea_9_4_and_the_Early_History_of_the_Soul">Breaking Bread with the Dead: Katumuwa's Stele, Hosea 9:4, and the Early History of the Soul</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The discovery at Zincirli of an inscribed stele belonging to Katumuwa, servant of Panamuwa, touches upon several longstanding issues concerning the mean-ing of the word nbš (Hebrew נפש). Although the inscription was dedicated dur-ing the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10421465" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The discovery at Zincirli of an inscribed stele belonging to Katumuwa, servant of Panamuwa, touches upon several longstanding issues concerning the mean-ing of the word nbš (Hebrew נפש). Although the inscription was dedicated dur-ing the lifetime of Katumuwa, the continued provision of his “nbš that is in this stele” raises questions regarding not only the term’s nuance within a postmortem context, but also the nature of feeding the dead. These issues can be addressed by carefully examining the manner by which the term’s abstract and substantive forms relate to concepts of identity. The analysis of Katumuwa’s stele along with a new interpretation of Hos. 9:4 will show that nbš/נפש is a ritually centered object that marks identity. In other words, postmortem identity is reified in the nbš /נפש through ritual actions that include feeding the dead. This interpretation sheds new light on the substantive meaning of nbš/#$pene in inscriptions and in biblical literature, where the term signifies either a stele or a corpse.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10421465" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4dd14a420f038de02d3768b162b02e6b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36467856,"asset_id":10421465,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36467856/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="380851" href="https://umcp.academia.edu/MatthewSuriano">Matthew Suriano</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="380851" type="text/json">{"id":380851,"first_name":"Matthew","last_name":"Suriano","domain_name":"umcp","page_name":"MatthewSuriano","display_name":"Matthew Suriano","profile_url":"https://umcp.academia.edu/MatthewSuriano?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/380851/98528/769832/s65_matthew.suriano.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10421465 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10421465"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10421465, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10421465", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_10421465 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10421465; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_10421465"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_10421465 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="10421465"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10421465; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=10421465]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_10421465").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_10421465").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="10421465"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23100" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Northwest_Semitic_Epigraphy">Northwest Semitic Epigraphy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23100" type="text/json">{"id":23100,"name":"Northwest Semitic Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Northwest_Semitic_Epigraphy?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32065" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_and_Ancient_Near_East">Hebrew Bible and Ancient Near East</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="32065" type="text/json">{"id":32065,"name":"Hebrew Bible and Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_and_Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="102188" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_death_and_burial">Archaeology of death and burial</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="102188" type="text/json">{"id":102188,"name":"Archaeology of death and burial","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_death_and_burial?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=10421465]'), work: {"id":10421465,"title":"Breaking Bread with the Dead: Katumuwa's Stele, Hosea 9:4, and the Early History of the Soul","created_at":"2015-01-31T19:22:37.296-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10421465/Breaking_Bread_with_the_Dead_Katumuwas_Stele_Hosea_9_4_and_the_Early_History_of_the_Soul?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_10421465","summary":"The discovery at Zincirli of an inscribed stele belonging to Katumuwa, servant of Panamuwa, touches upon several longstanding issues concerning the mean-ing of the word nbš (Hebrew נפש). Although the inscription was dedicated dur-ing the lifetime of Katumuwa, the continued provision of his “nbš that is in this stele” raises questions regarding not only the term’s nuance within a postmortem context, but also the nature of feeding the dead. These issues can be addressed by carefully examining the manner by which the term’s abstract and substantive forms relate to concepts of identity. The analysis of Katumuwa’s stele along with a new interpretation of Hos. 9:4 will show that nbš/נפש is a ritually centered object that marks identity. In other words, postmortem identity is reified in the nbš /נפש through ritual actions that include feeding the dead. This interpretation sheds new light on the substantive meaning of nbš/#$pene in inscriptions and in biblical literature, where the term signifies either a stele or a corpse.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36467856,"asset_id":10421465,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":380851,"first_name":"Matthew","last_name":"Suriano","domain_name":"umcp","page_name":"MatthewSuriano","display_name":"Matthew Suriano","profile_url":"https://umcp.academia.edu/MatthewSuriano?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/380851/98528/769832/s65_matthew.suriano.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":23100,"name":"Northwest Semitic Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Northwest_Semitic_Epigraphy?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":32065,"name":"Hebrew Bible and Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_and_Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":102188,"name":"Archaeology of death and burial","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_death_and_burial?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":293688,"name":"Archaeology of the Levant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_the_Levant?f_ri=1709"},{"id":445280,"name":"Hebrew Bible/Old Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_Old_Testament?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3608599 coauthored" data-work_id="3608599" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3608599/Sounds_and_Words_through_the_Ages_Afroasiatic_Studies_from_Turin">Sounds and Words through the Ages: Afroasiatic Studies from Turin</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3608599" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="83805eb604f5b8a172d8ac99c66f0077" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31302337,"asset_id":3608599,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31302337/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="193440" href="https://unito.academia.edu/AlessandroMengozzi">Alessandro Mengozzi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="193440" type="text/json">{"id":193440,"first_name":"Alessandro","last_name":"Mengozzi","domain_name":"unito","page_name":"AlessandroMengozzi","display_name":"Alessandro Mengozzi","profile_url":"https://unito.academia.edu/AlessandroMengozzi?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/193440/46418/2119276/s65_alessandro.mengozzi.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-3608599">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-3608599"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://universitaditorino.academia.edu/MauroTosco">Mauro Tosco</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-3608599'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-3608599').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3608599 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3608599"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3608599, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3608599", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_3608599 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3608599; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_3608599"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_3608599 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3608599"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3608599; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3608599]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_3608599").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_3608599").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="3608599"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">47</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="379" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Studies">African Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="379" type="text/json">{"id":379,"name":"African Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Studies?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="696" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies">Gender Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="696" type="text/json">{"id":696,"name":"Gender Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1302" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology">Theology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1302" type="text/json">{"id":1302,"name":"Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=3608599]'), work: {"id":3608599,"title":"Sounds and Words through the Ages: Afroasiatic Studies from Turin","created_at":"2013-05-25T21:57:04.918-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/3608599/Sounds_and_Words_through_the_Ages_Afroasiatic_Studies_from_Turin?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_3608599","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31302337,"asset_id":3608599,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":193440,"first_name":"Alessandro","last_name":"Mengozzi","domain_name":"unito","page_name":"AlessandroMengozzi","display_name":"Alessandro Mengozzi","profile_url":"https://unito.academia.edu/AlessandroMengozzi?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/193440/46418/2119276/s65_alessandro.mengozzi.jpg"},{"id":255182,"first_name":"Mauro","last_name":"Tosco","domain_name":"universitaditorino","page_name":"MauroTosco","display_name":"Mauro Tosco","profile_url":"https://universitaditorino.academia.edu/MauroTosco?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/255182/1282301/1595567/s65_mauro.tosco.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":379,"name":"African Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Studies?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":696,"name":"Gender Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1302,"name":"Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709"},{"id":2063,"name":"Hebrew Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language?f_ri=1709"},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":3052,"name":"Aramaic Dialectology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aramaic_Dialectology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":3106,"name":"Mentoring","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mentoring?f_ri=1709"},{"id":4176,"name":"Aramaic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aramaic?f_ri=1709"},{"id":6528,"name":"Biblical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":6586,"name":"Bible Translation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bible_Translation?f_ri=1709"},{"id":8533,"name":"Afro-Asiatic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Afro-Asiatic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":15143,"name":"Syriac Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syriac_Studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":19850,"name":"Chadic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chadic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":22086,"name":"Cushitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cushitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":23100,"name":"Northwest Semitic Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Northwest_Semitic_Epigraphy?f_ri=1709"},{"id":24215,"name":"Comparative Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":32394,"name":"Semitic Languages (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Languages_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709"},{"id":33430,"name":"Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":34327,"name":"Intersectionality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intersectionality?f_ri=1709"},{"id":38808,"name":"Northwest Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Northwest_Semitics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":49171,"name":"Arabic Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language?f_ri=1709"},{"id":50651,"name":"Arabic Dialectology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Dialectology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":77370,"name":"North-West Semitic Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/North-West_Semitic_Epigraphy?f_ri=1709"},{"id":79982,"name":"Canaanite","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Canaanite?f_ri=1709"},{"id":86593,"name":"Berber","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Berber?f_ri=1709"},{"id":91218,"name":"Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epigraphy?f_ri=1709"},{"id":93105,"name":"Old Testament and Semitic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Testament_and_Semitic_Studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":99776,"name":"Chadic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chadic?f_ri=1709"},{"id":111516,"name":"Work Life Balance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Work_Life_Balance-2?f_ri=1709"},{"id":112082,"name":"Semitic Philology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Philology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":112084,"name":"History of Pre-Islamic Arabia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Pre-Islamic_Arabia?f_ri=1709"},{"id":112085,"name":"South Arabian Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/South_Arabian_Culture?f_ri=1709"},{"id":158975,"name":"Barhebraeus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Barhebraeus?f_ri=1709"},{"id":176682,"name":"Egyptian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian?f_ri=1709"},{"id":186918,"name":"Cushitic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cushitic?f_ri=1709"},{"id":440518,"name":"Faculty Diversity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Faculty_Diversity?f_ri=1709"},{"id":445280,"name":"Hebrew Bible/Old Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_Old_Testament?f_ri=1709"},{"id":556441,"name":"Afroasiatic linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Afroasiatic_linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":619187,"name":"South Arabic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/South_Arabic?f_ri=1709"},{"id":968119,"name":"Omotic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Omotic?f_ri=1709"},{"id":968122,"name":"Berber and Egyptian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Berber_and_Egyptian?f_ri=1709"},{"id":969830,"name":"Professional Women","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Professional_Women?f_ri=1709"},{"id":1023369,"name":"Women and Minority In STEM Fields","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Women_and_Minority_In_STEM_Fields?f_ri=1709"},{"id":1023370,"name":"Pipeline Issues","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pipeline_Issues?f_ri=1709"},{"id":1023371,"name":"Career Progression In Science and Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Career_Progression_In_Science_and_Engineering?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30995371" data-work_id="30995371" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30995371/Neue_Materialien_zum_Christlich_Pal%C3%A4stinisch_Aram%C3%A4ischen_Lexikon_I_in_M_J_Geller_J_C_Greenfield_M_Weitzman_Hrsg_Studia_Aramaica_Journal_of_Semitic_Studies_Monograph_4_Oxford_1995_151_155">Neue Materialien zum Christlich-Palästinisch-Aramäischen Lexikon I, in: M. J. Geller, J. C. Greenfield, M. Weitzman (Hrsg.), Studia Aramaica (Journal of Semitic Studies Monograph 4; Oxford 1995), 151–155</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30995371" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cae78aabd112854f93f52dcf2df398ed" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":70210760,"asset_id":30995371,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/70210760/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="13768569" href="https://uni-jena.academia.edu/ChristaM%C3%BCllerKessler">Christa Müller-Kessler</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="13768569" type="text/json">{"id":13768569,"first_name":"Christa","last_name":"Müller-Kessler","domain_name":"uni-jena","page_name":"ChristaMüllerKessler","display_name":"Christa Müller-Kessler","profile_url":"https://uni-jena.academia.edu/ChristaM%C3%BCllerKessler?f_ri=1709","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30995371 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30995371"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30995371, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30995371", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_30995371 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30995371; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_30995371"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_30995371 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="30995371"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30995371; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30995371]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_30995371").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_30995371").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="30995371"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4176" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aramaic">Aramaic</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4176" type="text/json">{"id":4176,"name":"Aramaic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aramaic?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16337" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lexicography">Lexicography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16337" type="text/json">{"id":16337,"name":"Lexicography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lexicography?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="831498" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aramaic_language">Aramaic language</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="831498" type="text/json">{"id":831498,"name":"Aramaic language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aramaic_language?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30995371]'), work: {"id":30995371,"title":"Neue Materialien zum Christlich-Palästinisch-Aramäischen Lexikon I, in: M. J. Geller, J. C. Greenfield, M. Weitzman (Hrsg.), Studia Aramaica (Journal of Semitic Studies Monograph 4; Oxford 1995), 151–155","created_at":"2017-01-19T08:52:59.547-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30995371/Neue_Materialien_zum_Christlich_Pal%C3%A4stinisch_Aram%C3%A4ischen_Lexikon_I_in_M_J_Geller_J_C_Greenfield_M_Weitzman_Hrsg_Studia_Aramaica_Journal_of_Semitic_Studies_Monograph_4_Oxford_1995_151_155?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_30995371","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":70210760,"asset_id":30995371,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":13768569,"first_name":"Christa","last_name":"Müller-Kessler","domain_name":"uni-jena","page_name":"ChristaMüllerKessler","display_name":"Christa Müller-Kessler","profile_url":"https://uni-jena.academia.edu/ChristaM%C3%BCllerKessler?f_ri=1709","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":4176,"name":"Aramaic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aramaic?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":16337,"name":"Lexicography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lexicography?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":831498,"name":"Aramaic language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aramaic_language?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":857431,"name":"Christian Palestinian Aramaic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian_Palestinian_Aramaic?f_ri=1709"},{"id":3826272,"name":"Aramaic Lexicography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aramaic_Lexicography?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11732577" data-work_id="11732577" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11732577/A_response_to_Matthew_Morgensterns_review_of_my_book_Introduction_to_the_Grammar_of_Jewish_Babylonian_Aramaic_">A response to Matthew Morgenstern's review of my book "Introduction to the Grammar of Jewish Babylonian Aramaic"</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11732577" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="442391ebed5290a1a17af0f75fa2a301" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37165988,"asset_id":11732577,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37165988/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="563578" href="https://huji.academia.edu/ElitzurBarAsherSiegal">Elitzur Bar-Asher Siegal</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="563578" type="text/json">{"id":563578,"first_name":"Elitzur","last_name":"Bar-Asher Siegal","domain_name":"huji","page_name":"ElitzurBarAsherSiegal","display_name":"Elitzur Bar-Asher Siegal","profile_url":"https://huji.academia.edu/ElitzurBarAsherSiegal?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/563578/202239/61389391/s65_elitzur.bar-asher_siegal.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11732577 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11732577"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11732577, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11732577", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_11732577 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11732577; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_11732577"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_11732577 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11732577"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11732577; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11732577]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_11732577").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_11732577").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="11732577"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">49</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="97" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philology">Philology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="97" type="text/json">{"id":97,"name":"Philology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="778" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diachronic_Linguistics_Or_Historical_Linguistics_">Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="778" type="text/json">{"id":778,"name":"Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diachronic_Linguistics_Or_Historical_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="983" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Studies">Jewish Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="983" type="text/json">{"id":983,"name":"Jewish Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Studies?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1207" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics">Historical Linguistics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1207" type="text/json">{"id":1207,"name":"Historical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=11732577]'), work: {"id":11732577,"title":"A response to Matthew Morgenstern's review of my book \"Introduction to the Grammar of Jewish Babylonian Aramaic\"","created_at":"2015-03-30T23:46:05.512-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/11732577/A_response_to_Matthew_Morgensterns_review_of_my_book_Introduction_to_the_Grammar_of_Jewish_Babylonian_Aramaic_?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_11732577","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37165988,"asset_id":11732577,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":563578,"first_name":"Elitzur","last_name":"Bar-Asher Siegal","domain_name":"huji","page_name":"ElitzurBarAsherSiegal","display_name":"Elitzur Bar-Asher Siegal","profile_url":"https://huji.academia.edu/ElitzurBarAsherSiegal?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/563578/202239/61389391/s65_elitzur.bar-asher_siegal.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":97,"name":"Philology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":778,"name":"Diachronic Linguistics (Or Historical Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diachronic_Linguistics_Or_Historical_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":983,"name":"Jewish Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Studies?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1207,"name":"Historical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709"},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":3052,"name":"Aramaic Dialectology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aramaic_Dialectology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":4174,"name":"Targum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Targum?f_ri=1709"},{"id":4175,"name":"Talmud","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Talmud?f_ri=1709"},{"id":4176,"name":"Aramaic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aramaic?f_ri=1709"},{"id":13477,"name":"Rabbinics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rabbinics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":15143,"name":"Syriac Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syriac_Studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":16931,"name":"Classical philology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classical_philology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":18158,"name":"Rabbinic Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rabbinic_Literature?f_ri=1709"},{"id":23100,"name":"Northwest Semitic Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Northwest_Semitic_Epigraphy?f_ri=1709"},{"id":24215,"name":"Comparative Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":28205,"name":"Jewish Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Languages?f_ri=1709"},{"id":28212,"name":"Jewish Aramaic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Aramaic?f_ri=1709"},{"id":30925,"name":"Syriac (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syriac_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709"},{"id":32394,"name":"Semitic Languages (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Languages_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709"},{"id":33430,"name":"Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":35497,"name":"Syriac Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syriac_Christianity?f_ri=1709"},{"id":37249,"name":"Syriac literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syriac_literature?f_ri=1709"},{"id":37251,"name":"Neo-Aramaic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neo-Aramaic?f_ri=1709"},{"id":38808,"name":"Northwest Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Northwest_Semitics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":44401,"name":"Mandaic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mandaic?f_ri=1709"},{"id":57396,"name":"Mishnah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mishnah?f_ri=1709"},{"id":74338,"name":"Talmud Midrash Genizah Judaism Rabbinic-Literature Conversion Gender Haggadah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Talmud_Midrash_Genizah_Judaism_Rabbinic-Literature_Conversion_Gender_Haggadah?f_ri=1709"},{"id":77370,"name":"North-West Semitic Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/North-West_Semitic_Epigraphy?f_ri=1709"},{"id":80550,"name":"Rabbinic Literature, Syriac Patristic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rabbinic_Literature_Syriac_Patristic?f_ri=1709"},{"id":88875,"name":"East Syriac Scholasticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/East_Syriac_Scholasticism?f_ri=1709"},{"id":92459,"name":"Syriac","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syriac?f_ri=1709"},{"id":112082,"name":"Semitic Philology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Philology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":154791,"name":"Rabbinic Judaism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rabbinic_Judaism?f_ri=1709"},{"id":157787,"name":"Diachronic linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diachronic_linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":183106,"name":"Babylonian talmud","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Babylonian_talmud?f_ri=1709"},{"id":185358,"name":"Syriac manuscripts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syriac_manuscripts?f_ri=1709"},{"id":211621,"name":"Assyriology, Ancient Near East, Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assyriology_Ancient_Near_East_Semitics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":232187,"name":"Northeastern Neo-Aramaic (NENA)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Northeastern_Neo-Aramaic_NENA_?f_ri=1709"},{"id":255529,"name":"Aramaic/Syriac","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aramaic_Syriac?f_ri=1709"},{"id":474150,"name":"Hebrew and Jewish studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_and_Jewish_studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":650637,"name":"Rabbinic Hebrew","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rabbinic_Hebrew?f_ri=1709"},{"id":864765,"name":"Research Interests: Rabbinical Literature (The Mishnah, Babylonian and Palestinian Talmudim, Aggadic Midrashim), Midrash, Redactional Criticism of Rabbinic Literature, Literary Criticism, Rabbinic Literature, and Rabbinics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research_Interests_Rabbinical_Literature_The_Mishnah_Babylonian_and_Palestinian_Talmudim_Aggadic?f_ri=1709"},{"id":960628,"name":"Jewish Aramaic Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Aramaic_Literature?f_ri=1709"},{"id":977606,"name":"Aramaic and Targum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aramaic_and_Targum?f_ri=1709"},{"id":1010535,"name":"Talmud and Rabbinics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Talmud_and_Rabbinics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":1034263,"name":"Rhetorical Features In Talmudic Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rhetorical_Features_In_Talmudic_Literature?f_ri=1709"},{"id":1138218,"name":"Aramaic Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aramaic_Languages?f_ri=1709"},{"id":1877950,"name":"Matthew Morgenstern","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Matthew_Morgenstern?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13377136" data-work_id="13377136" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13377136/The_attitudes_knowledge_and_beliefs_of_Arab_parents_in_Kuwait_about_stuttering">The attitudes, knowledge and beliefs of Arab parents in Kuwait about stuttering</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">An Arabic version of the Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes Inventory [POSHA-E;, a global instrument to measure public attitudes about stuttering. (The ASHA Leader, 22,(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)] was administered to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_13377136" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">An Arabic version of the Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes Inventory [POSHA-E;, a global instrument to measure public attitudes about stuttering. (The ASHA Leader, 22,(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)] was administered to 424 Arab parents of preschool and school age children in 18 government schools across all six governorates in Kuwait. The survey questions pertained to and investigated attitudes, knowledge and beliefs towards stuttering as well as comparative attitudes toward several other conditions. The aim was to identify whether potential barriers existed that might hinder the establishment and conduct of treatment programs for stuttering within Kuwait. These potential barriers might be negative stereotypes, misconceptions about stuttering, cultural beliefs as well as lack of awareness of the disorder within Kuwaiti society. The instrument successfully sampled a variety of beliefs, reactions and emotions that identified cultural beliefs, societal ignorance and confusion about the disorder. It was found that although stuttering appears to be a disorder that most people in Kuwait are aware of and familiar with, their level of knowledge about stuttering in general and about some specific aspects of the disorder was limited. This indicates a need to disseminate scientific information about stuttering in Kuwait and possibly other Arabic speaking countries.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13377136" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="078f35f8dbed8d43374cadd4e74ecd2f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45410091,"asset_id":13377136,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45410091/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32606591" href="https://sydney.academia.edu/PatriciaMcCabe">Patricia McCabe</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32606591" type="text/json">{"id":32606591,"first_name":"Patricia","last_name":"McCabe","domain_name":"sydney","page_name":"PatriciaMcCabe","display_name":"Patricia McCabe","profile_url":"https://sydney.academia.edu/PatriciaMcCabe?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32606591/11656349/12997249/s65_patricia.mccabe.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13377136 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13377136"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13377136, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13377136", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_13377136 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 13377136; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_13377136"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_13377136 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="13377136"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 13377136; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=13377136]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_13377136").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_13377136").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="13377136"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">21</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="922" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education">Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="922" type="text/json">{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1116" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Opinion">Public Opinion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1116" type="text/json">{"id":1116,"name":"Public Opinion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Opinion?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13691" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fluency_disorders">Fluency disorders</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="13691" type="text/json">{"id":13691,"name":"Fluency disorders","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fluency_disorders?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=13377136]'), work: {"id":13377136,"title":"The attitudes, knowledge and beliefs of Arab parents in Kuwait about stuttering","created_at":"2015-06-28T06:06:20.805-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/13377136/The_attitudes_knowledge_and_beliefs_of_Arab_parents_in_Kuwait_about_stuttering?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_13377136","summary":"An Arabic version of the Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes Inventory [POSHA-E;, a global instrument to measure public attitudes about stuttering. (The ASHA Leader, 22,(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)] was administered to 424 Arab parents of preschool and school age children in 18 government schools across all six governorates in Kuwait. The survey questions pertained to and investigated attitudes, knowledge and beliefs towards stuttering as well as comparative attitudes toward several other conditions. The aim was to identify whether potential barriers existed that might hinder the establishment and conduct of treatment programs for stuttering within Kuwait. These potential barriers might be negative stereotypes, misconceptions about stuttering, cultural beliefs as well as lack of awareness of the disorder within Kuwaiti society. The instrument successfully sampled a variety of beliefs, reactions and emotions that identified cultural beliefs, societal ignorance and confusion about the disorder. It was found that although stuttering appears to be a disorder that most people in Kuwait are aware of and familiar with, their level of knowledge about stuttering in general and about some specific aspects of the disorder was limited. This indicates a need to disseminate scientific information about stuttering in Kuwait and possibly other Arabic speaking countries.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45410091,"asset_id":13377136,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32606591,"first_name":"Patricia","last_name":"McCabe","domain_name":"sydney","page_name":"PatriciaMcCabe","display_name":"Patricia McCabe","profile_url":"https://sydney.academia.edu/PatriciaMcCabe?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32606591/11656349/12997249/s65_patricia.mccabe.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1116,"name":"Public Opinion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Opinion?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":13691,"name":"Fluency disorders","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fluency_disorders?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":18866,"name":"Beliefs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Beliefs?f_ri=1709"},{"id":23626,"name":"Stuttering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stuttering?f_ri=1709"},{"id":44096,"name":"Knowledge","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Knowledge?f_ri=1709"},{"id":52209,"name":"Kuwait","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kuwait?f_ri=1709"},{"id":92362,"name":"Belief","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Belief?f_ri=1709"},{"id":98134,"name":"United States","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/United_States?f_ri=1709"},{"id":121601,"name":"Cross cultural studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cross_cultural_studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":129913,"name":"Attitudes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Attitudes?f_ri=1709"},{"id":144049,"name":"Attitude","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Attitude?f_ri=1709"},{"id":172809,"name":"Interpersonal Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interpersonal_Relations?f_ri=1709"},{"id":174464,"name":"Social Environment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Environment?f_ri=1709"},{"id":303598,"name":"Parents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parents?f_ri=1709"},{"id":327850,"name":"Questionnaires","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaires?f_ri=1709"},{"id":362284,"name":"Arabs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabs?f_ri=1709"},{"id":495132,"name":"Speech Therapy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Therapy?f_ri=1709"},{"id":538522,"name":"Public awareness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_awareness?f_ri=1709"},{"id":1929419,"name":"Nino","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nino?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_77092832" data-work_id="77092832" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/77092832/Dissertation">Dissertation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This study is concerned with the properties, structural representation and derivational patterns of deverbal nouns (DNs) in Modern Hebrew. A recurring question arises in the context of such 'hybrid' formations: precisely how similar or... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_77092832" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This study is concerned with the properties, structural representation and derivational patterns of deverbal nouns (DNs) in Modern Hebrew. A recurring question arises in the context of such 'hybrid' formations: precisely how similar or far-apart are these derivatives from the verbs from which they originate? Enlisting Hebrew, a language with rich morphological marking on both verbs as well as DNs, several loci of divergence between verbs and respective DNs in the domain of argument-and eventstructure are eliminated. Taking as a point of reference the influential view which equates the processes of nominalization and passivization, this study scrutinizes syntactic structure and its interaction with nominalization, showing that behaviours typical of passives are absent from DNs. Most notably, the 'demoted' status of external arguments, and rejection of unaccusative and unergative verbs as inputs to nominalization, are not intrinsic to Hebrew DNs, a finding which weakens long-standing beliefs bearing on this class. A novel area of exploration offered in this study is the examination of morpho-syntactic factors and their interaction with nominalization, a domain where inconsistencies do arise. What emerges from a comparison of some 3000 verbs based on verb-class (templatic) morphology is a significant asymmetry between DNs carrying Middle (intransitive) marking and DNs marked as Active, wherein Middle forms are found to be less productive in two well-defined syntactic contexts. Not entirely absent, however, the same roots which fail to surface with Middle morphology are perfectly licit when derived from the corresponding Active verb (in case of alternating roots). Building on the notions of competition and markedness, such paradigmatic gaps are analysed not as grammaticallydetermined incompatibilities, but as a consistent preference for less-marked forms (Active-marked DNs) over more complex ones (Middle-marked DNs), a trend which lies within the realm of performance. As such, Hebrew DNs constitute a case study of the interrelations between the syntactic and morphological modules, and pragmatics.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/77092832" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f2f8516a1ee2abb3b09a5b41ad24f566" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":84554472,"asset_id":77092832,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84554472/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9168761" href="https://hu-berlin.academia.edu/OdeliaAhdout">Odelia Ahdout</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9168761" type="text/json">{"id":9168761,"first_name":"Odelia","last_name":"Ahdout","domain_name":"hu-berlin","page_name":"OdeliaAhdout","display_name":"Odelia Ahdout","profile_url":"https://hu-berlin.academia.edu/OdeliaAhdout?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9168761/12229931/131786474/s65_odelia.ahdout.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_77092832 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="77092832"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77092832, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_77092832", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_77092832 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77092832; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_77092832"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_77092832 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="77092832"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77092832; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77092832]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_77092832").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_77092832").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="77092832"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2063" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language">Hebrew Language</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2063" type="text/json">{"id":2063,"name":"Hebrew Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10757" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphosyntax">Morphosyntax</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10757" type="text/json">{"id":10757,"name":"Morphosyntax","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphosyntax?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11847" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantitative_Research">Quantitative Research</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="11847" type="text/json">{"id":11847,"name":"Quantitative Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantitative_Research?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=77092832]'), work: {"id":77092832,"title":"Dissertation","created_at":"2022-04-20T09:43:15.720-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/77092832/Dissertation?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_77092832","summary":"This study is concerned with the properties, structural representation and derivational patterns of deverbal nouns (DNs) in Modern Hebrew. A recurring question arises in the context of such 'hybrid' formations: precisely how similar or far-apart are these derivatives from the verbs from which they originate? Enlisting Hebrew, a language with rich morphological marking on both verbs as well as DNs, several loci of divergence between verbs and respective DNs in the domain of argument-and eventstructure are eliminated. Taking as a point of reference the influential view which equates the processes of nominalization and passivization, this study scrutinizes syntactic structure and its interaction with nominalization, showing that behaviours typical of passives are absent from DNs. Most notably, the 'demoted' status of external arguments, and rejection of unaccusative and unergative verbs as inputs to nominalization, are not intrinsic to Hebrew DNs, a finding which weakens long-standing beliefs bearing on this class. A novel area of exploration offered in this study is the examination of morpho-syntactic factors and their interaction with nominalization, a domain where inconsistencies do arise. What emerges from a comparison of some 3000 verbs based on verb-class (templatic) morphology is a significant asymmetry between DNs carrying Middle (intransitive) marking and DNs marked as Active, wherein Middle forms are found to be less productive in two well-defined syntactic contexts. Not entirely absent, however, the same roots which fail to surface with Middle morphology are perfectly licit when derived from the corresponding Active verb (in case of alternating roots). Building on the notions of competition and markedness, such paradigmatic gaps are analysed not as grammaticallydetermined incompatibilities, but as a consistent preference for less-marked forms (Active-marked DNs) over more complex ones (Middle-marked DNs), a trend which lies within the realm of performance. As such, Hebrew DNs constitute a case study of the interrelations between the syntactic and morphological modules, and pragmatics.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":84554472,"asset_id":77092832,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9168761,"first_name":"Odelia","last_name":"Ahdout","domain_name":"hu-berlin","page_name":"OdeliaAhdout","display_name":"Odelia Ahdout","profile_url":"https://hu-berlin.academia.edu/OdeliaAhdout?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9168761/12229931/131786474/s65_odelia.ahdout.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":2063,"name":"Hebrew Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":10757,"name":"Morphosyntax","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphosyntax?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":11847,"name":"Quantitative Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quantitative_Research?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":31252,"name":"Argument Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Argument_Structure?f_ri=1709"},{"id":144853,"name":"Nominalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nominalization?f_ri=1709"},{"id":145579,"name":"Event Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Event_Structure?f_ri=1709"},{"id":145716,"name":"Deverbal Nouns","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deverbal_Nouns?f_ri=1709"},{"id":179539,"name":"Derivational Morphology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Derivational_Morphology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":200498,"name":"Middle Voice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Voice?f_ri=1709"},{"id":306341,"name":"Action Nouns","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Action_Nouns?f_ri=1709"},{"id":521100,"name":"Grammatical Voice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Grammatical_Voice?f_ri=1709"},{"id":844037,"name":"Transitivity Alternations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transitivity_Alternations?f_ri=1709"},{"id":2210684,"name":"Intransitive verb","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intransitive_verb?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34873589 coauthored" data-work_id="34873589" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34873589/The_Development_of_the_South_Semitic_Scripts_New_Insights_from_Ancient_North_Arabia">The Development of the South Semitic Scripts: New Insights from Ancient North Arabia</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34873589" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5a6b11620293f2c55e09a39ee9329e6f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54732933,"asset_id":34873589,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54732933/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1229242" href="https://uni-hamburg.academia.edu/AaronButts">Aaron Butts</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1229242" type="text/json">{"id":1229242,"first_name":"Aaron","last_name":"Butts","domain_name":"uni-hamburg","page_name":"AaronButts","display_name":"Aaron Butts","profile_url":"https://uni-hamburg.academia.edu/AaronButts?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1229242/499671/85765066/s65_aaron.butts.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-34873589">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-34873589"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://leidenuniv.academia.edu/AhmadAlJallad">Ahmad Al-Jallad</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-34873589'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-34873589').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34873589 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34873589"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34873589, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34873589", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_34873589 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34873589; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_34873589"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_34873589 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34873589"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34873589; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34873589]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34873589").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34873589").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34873589"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2548" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Writing_Systems_and_Decipherment">Writing Systems & Decipherment</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2548" type="text/json">{"id":2548,"name":"Writing Systems \u0026 Decipherment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Writing_Systems_and_Decipherment?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2722" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics">Arabic Language and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2722" type="text/json">{"id":2722,"name":"Arabic Language and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3034" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics">Comparative Semitic Linguistics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3034" type="text/json">{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34873589]'), work: {"id":34873589,"title":"The Development of the South Semitic Scripts: New Insights from Ancient North Arabia","created_at":"2017-10-16T11:07:36.702-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34873589/The_Development_of_the_South_Semitic_Scripts_New_Insights_from_Ancient_North_Arabia?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_34873589","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54732933,"asset_id":34873589,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1229242,"first_name":"Aaron","last_name":"Butts","domain_name":"uni-hamburg","page_name":"AaronButts","display_name":"Aaron Butts","profile_url":"https://uni-hamburg.academia.edu/AaronButts?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1229242/499671/85765066/s65_aaron.butts.jpg"},{"id":20176,"first_name":"Ahmad","last_name":"Al-Jallad","domain_name":"leidenuniv","page_name":"AhmadAlJallad","display_name":"Ahmad Al-Jallad","profile_url":"https://leidenuniv.academia.edu/AhmadAlJallad?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/20176/738530/53292906/s65_ahmad.al-jallad.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":2548,"name":"Writing Systems \u0026 Decipherment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Writing_Systems_and_Decipherment?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":2722,"name":"Arabic Language and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":16321,"name":"Writing Systems (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Writing_Systems_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709"},{"id":17700,"name":"Arabic Dialects","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Dialects?f_ri=1709"},{"id":24215,"name":"Comparative Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":25758,"name":"Writing systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Writing_systems?f_ri=1709"},{"id":49171,"name":"Arabic Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language?f_ri=1709"},{"id":110972,"name":"Arabian Peninsula in Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabian_Peninsula_in_Antiquity?f_ri=1709"},{"id":223314,"name":"Ancient North Arabian Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_North_Arabian_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":223316,"name":"Old South Arabian Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_South_Arabian_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":735672,"name":"Arabic Language and Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Literature?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30784608" data-work_id="30784608" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30784608/Alternance_entre_glides_en_syriaque">Alternance entre glides en syriaque.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30784608" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8f4912f387ade25775822a78c689f935" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51218885,"asset_id":30784608,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51218885/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="58445639" href="https://independent.academia.edu/EmmanuelAim">Emmanuel Aïm</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="58445639" type="text/json">{"id":58445639,"first_name":"Emmanuel","last_name":"Aïm","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EmmanuelAim","display_name":"Emmanuel Aïm","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EmmanuelAim?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/58445639/119782448/109103358/s65_emmanuel.a_m.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30784608 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30784608"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30784608, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30784608", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_30784608 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30784608; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_30784608"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_30784608 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="30784608"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30784608; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30784608]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_30784608").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_30784608").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="30784608"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15143" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syriac_Studies">Syriac Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15143" type="text/json">{"id":15143,"name":"Syriac Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syriac_Studies?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19810" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theoretical_Linguistics">Theoretical Linguistics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="19810" type="text/json">{"id":19810,"name":"Theoretical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theoretical_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30784608]'), work: {"id":30784608,"title":"Alternance entre glides en syriaque.","created_at":"2017-01-06T04:42:22.648-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30784608/Alternance_entre_glides_en_syriaque?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_30784608","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51218885,"asset_id":30784608,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":58445639,"first_name":"Emmanuel","last_name":"Aïm","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EmmanuelAim","display_name":"Emmanuel Aïm","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EmmanuelAim?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/58445639/119782448/109103358/s65_emmanuel.a_m.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":15143,"name":"Syriac Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syriac_Studies?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":19810,"name":"Theoretical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theoretical_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":25979,"name":"Phonology-Morphology interface","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology-Morphology_interface?f_ri=1709"},{"id":28609,"name":"Phonological Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonological_Theory?f_ri=1709"},{"id":30925,"name":"Syriac (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syriac_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709"},{"id":33430,"name":"Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":44724,"name":"Morphophonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphophonology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":92459,"name":"Syriac","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syriac?f_ri=1709"},{"id":255529,"name":"Aramaic/Syriac","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aramaic_Syriac?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4311018" data-work_id="4311018" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4311018/Spelling_performance_of_English_consonants_among_students_whose_first_language_is_Arabic">Spelling performance of English consonants among students whose first language is Arabic</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The purpose of the present study was to examine the influence of some aspects of the Arabic phonological system on spelling English words. In Study 1, the spelling performance of Arabic students from grades four and six was compared with... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4311018" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The purpose of the present study was to examine the influence of some aspects of the Arabic phonological system on spelling English words. In Study 1, the spelling performance of Arabic students from grades four and six was compared with English students in cognate phoneme pairs which exist across both languages (/d/ and /t/), and pairs in which only one of the phonemes exists in Arabic (/b/ and /p/, /f/ and /v/) using a spelling test which contained words with the target phonemes. The findings showed that the Arabic participants performed similarly to the English participants on the phonemes /t/ and /d/, but they tended to spell the phonemes /b/, /p/, /f/, and /v/ using their cognate pairs more often than the English participants did. In Study 2, the spelling performance of Arabic students was compared across grades 4, 6, 8, and 10 for the same target phonemes. The analyses showed no difference between the Arabic participants in how often they confused the target phonemes with their cognate pairs across the different grade levels, except for the phonemes /p/ and /v/, for which the effect size was small. The findings of this study demonstrate the importance of phonology in spelling, as well as the influence of the first language on spelling in a second language. They also indicate that Arabic students continue to be dependent on phonological processes when spelling English words even as they grow older.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4311018" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a82a801f2b69b8af292c560cc64e6d4c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49948962,"asset_id":4311018,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49948962/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5245850" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SidyCardoso">Sidy Cardoso</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5245850" type="text/json">{"id":5245850,"first_name":"Sidy","last_name":"Cardoso","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SidyCardoso","display_name":"Sidy Cardoso","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SidyCardoso?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5245850/2308582/2694358/s65_sidy.cardoso.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4311018 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4311018"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4311018, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4311018", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_4311018 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4311018; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_4311018"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_4311018 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4311018"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4311018; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4311018]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4311018").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4311018").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4311018"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="922" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education">Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="922" type="text/json">{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6223" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English">English</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="6223" type="text/json">{"id":6223,"name":"English","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4311018]'), work: {"id":4311018,"title":"Spelling performance of English consonants among students whose first language is Arabic","created_at":"2013-08-23T11:18:24.389-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4311018/Spelling_performance_of_English_consonants_among_students_whose_first_language_is_Arabic?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_4311018","summary":"The purpose of the present study was to examine the influence of some aspects of the Arabic phonological system on spelling English words. In Study 1, the spelling performance of Arabic students from grades four and six was compared with English students in cognate phoneme pairs which exist across both languages (/d/ and /t/), and pairs in which only one of the phonemes exists in Arabic (/b/ and /p/, /f/ and /v/) using a spelling test which contained words with the target phonemes. The findings showed that the Arabic participants performed similarly to the English participants on the phonemes /t/ and /d/, but they tended to spell the phonemes /b/, /p/, /f/, and /v/ using their cognate pairs more often than the English participants did. In Study 2, the spelling performance of Arabic students was compared across grades 4, 6, 8, and 10 for the same target phonemes. The analyses showed no difference between the Arabic participants in how often they confused the target phonemes with their cognate pairs across the different grade levels, except for the phonemes /p/ and /v/, for which the effect size was small. The findings of this study demonstrate the importance of phonology in spelling, as well as the influence of the first language on spelling in a second language. They also indicate that Arabic students continue to be dependent on phonological processes when spelling English words even as they grow older.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49948962,"asset_id":4311018,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5245850,"first_name":"Sidy","last_name":"Cardoso","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SidyCardoso","display_name":"Sidy Cardoso","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SidyCardoso?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5245850/2308582/2694358/s65_sidy.cardoso.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":6223,"name":"English","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":20489,"name":"Phonological processing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonological_processing?f_ri=1709"},{"id":82845,"name":"Effect size","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Effect_size?f_ri=1709"},{"id":121114,"name":"Second Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Language?f_ri=1709"},{"id":152553,"name":"Comparative Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Analysis?f_ri=1709"},{"id":371661,"name":"Native Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Native_Language?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36701192" data-work_id="36701192" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36701192/Think_Globally_Publish_Virtually_Act_Locally_A_U_S_Saudi_International_Museum_Partnership">Think Globally, Publish Virtually, Act Locally: A U.S.-Saudi International Museum Partnership</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper examines an ongoing cooperative project between the National Museum of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, undertaken within the framework of the International... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36701192" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper examines an ongoing cooperative project between the National Museum of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, undertaken within the framework of the International Partnership Among Museums (IPAM) program of the American Association of Museums. The project— Written in Stone: Epigraphy from the National Museum of Saudi Arabia —is a virtual Web exhibition of inscriptions dating from the late second millennium B.C. to the nineteenth century A.D. It is undoubtedly representative of many special-purpose cooperative projects (for exhibitions, research, or other purposes) that are taking place across international boundaries between pairs or groups of museums in various countries. Such collaborations provide examples of how partner institutions can take advantage of the opportunities that globalization and standardization of museum practices offer.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36701192" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0bb8793f20c15396b0038b537527dee3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56640776,"asset_id":36701192,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56640776/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="81878957" href="https://si.academia.edu/PaulMichaelTaylor">Paul Michael Taylor</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="81878957" type="text/json">{"id":81878957,"first_name":"Paul Michael","last_name":"Taylor","domain_name":"si","page_name":"PaulMichaelTaylor","display_name":"Paul Michael Taylor","profile_url":"https://si.academia.edu/PaulMichaelTaylor?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/81878957/19760627/19605816/s65_paul_michael.taylor.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36701192 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36701192"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36701192, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36701192", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_36701192 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36701192; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_36701192"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_36701192 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36701192"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36701192; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36701192]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_36701192").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_36701192").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="36701192"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1657" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Museum_Studies">Museum Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1657" type="text/json">{"id":1657,"name":"Museum Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Museum_Studies?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2718" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistic_Anthropology">Linguistic Anthropology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2718" type="text/json">{"id":2718,"name":"Linguistic Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistic_Anthropology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3742" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Diplomacy">Public Diplomacy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3742" type="text/json">{"id":3742,"name":"Public Diplomacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Diplomacy?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=36701192]'), work: {"id":36701192,"title":"Think Globally, Publish Virtually, Act Locally: A U.S.-Saudi International Museum Partnership","created_at":"2018-05-23T15:10:53.490-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/36701192/Think_Globally_Publish_Virtually_Act_Locally_A_U_S_Saudi_International_Museum_Partnership?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_36701192","summary":"This paper examines an ongoing cooperative project between the National Museum of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, undertaken within the framework of the International Partnership Among Museums (IPAM) program of the American Association of Museums. The project— Written in Stone: Epigraphy from the National Museum of Saudi Arabia —is a virtual Web exhibition of inscriptions dating from the late second millennium B.C. to the nineteenth century A.D. It is undoubtedly representative of many special-purpose cooperative projects (for exhibitions, research, or other purposes) that are taking place across international boundaries between pairs or groups of museums in various countries. Such collaborations provide examples of how partner institutions can take advantage of the opportunities that globalization and standardization of museum practices offer.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56640776,"asset_id":36701192,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":81878957,"first_name":"Paul Michael","last_name":"Taylor","domain_name":"si","page_name":"PaulMichaelTaylor","display_name":"Paul Michael Taylor","profile_url":"https://si.academia.edu/PaulMichaelTaylor?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/81878957/19760627/19605816/s65_paul_michael.taylor.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1657,"name":"Museum Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Museum_Studies?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":2718,"name":"Linguistic Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistic_Anthropology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":3742,"name":"Public Diplomacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Diplomacy?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":7257,"name":"Greek Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_Epigraphy?f_ri=1709"},{"id":9569,"name":"Saudi Arabia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Saudi_Arabia?f_ri=1709"},{"id":83981,"name":"Arabian/Persian Gulf Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabian_Persian_Gulf_Studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":91218,"name":"Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epigraphy?f_ri=1709"},{"id":97680,"name":"Arabian/Persian Gulf Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabian_Persian_Gulf_Archaeology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":110972,"name":"Arabian Peninsula in Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabian_Peninsula_in_Antiquity?f_ri=1709"},{"id":112084,"name":"History of Pre-Islamic Arabia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Pre-Islamic_Arabia?f_ri=1709"},{"id":1009696,"name":"Arabian Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabian_Language?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1097041" data-work_id="1097041" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1097041/A_sociolinguistic_survey_report_of_the_Zay_people_in_Ethiopia">A sociolinguistic survey report of the Zay people in Ethiopia</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The optimal language for literature and educational materials is not the same for all Zay areas. The data gathered during the current study points to Zay as optimal for the islands on Lake Ziway and Oromo as optimal for the lakeshores.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1097041" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The optimal language for literature and educational materials is not the same for all Zay areas. The data gathered during the current study points to Zay as optimal for the islands on Lake Ziway and Oromo as optimal for the lakeshores. However, the Zay people living on the islands would probably be well served by Amharic literature and educational materials until most of them immigrate to the shore or the Oromo educational system causes a shift in preference to Oromo. Zay’s case is one of an endangered language that could prove to be a development success story, but only if the level of motivation for a language development project is high enough to initiate and sustain the effort.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1097041" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b0da2a55de94ecbfde28a9cde5bdd96f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":6731132,"asset_id":1097041,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/6731132/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="510555" href="https://sil.academia.edu/LindaJordan">Linda Jordan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="510555" type="text/json">{"id":510555,"first_name":"Linda","last_name":"Jordan","domain_name":"sil","page_name":"LindaJordan","display_name":"Linda Jordan","profile_url":"https://sil.academia.edu/LindaJordan?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/510555/177682/207172/s65_linda.jordan.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1097041 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1097041"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1097041, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1097041", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_1097041 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1097041; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_1097041"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_1097041 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="1097041"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1097041; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1097041]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_1097041").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1097041").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1097041"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">58</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="898" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multiculturalism">Multiculturalism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="898" type="text/json">{"id":898,"name":"Multiculturalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multiculturalism?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1200" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics">Languages and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1200" type="text/json">{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2308" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multilingualism">Multilingualism</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2308" type="text/json">{"id":2308,"name":"Multilingualism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multilingualism?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1097041]'), work: {"id":1097041,"title":"A sociolinguistic survey report of the Zay people in Ethiopia","created_at":"2011-11-17T02:13:23.115-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1097041/A_sociolinguistic_survey_report_of_the_Zay_people_in_Ethiopia?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_1097041","summary":"The optimal language for literature and educational materials is not the same for all Zay areas. The data gathered during the current study points to Zay as optimal for the islands on Lake Ziway and Oromo as optimal for the lakeshores. However, the Zay people living on the islands would probably be well served by Amharic literature and educational materials until most of them immigrate to the shore or the Oromo educational system causes a shift in preference to Oromo. Zay’s case is one of an endangered language that could prove to be a development success story, but only if the level of motivation for a language development project is high enough to initiate and sustain the effort.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":6731132,"asset_id":1097041,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":510555,"first_name":"Linda","last_name":"Jordan","domain_name":"sil","page_name":"LindaJordan","display_name":"Linda Jordan","profile_url":"https://sil.academia.edu/LindaJordan?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/510555/177682/207172/s65_linda.jordan.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":898,"name":"Multiculturalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multiculturalism?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":2308,"name":"Multilingualism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multilingualism?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":2524,"name":"Sociolinguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":2742,"name":"Typology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Typology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":2985,"name":"Ethiopian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethiopian_Studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":4949,"name":"Language Testing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Testing?f_ri=1709"},{"id":5603,"name":"Endangered Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Endangered_Languages?f_ri=1709"},{"id":7709,"name":"Applied Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":8533,"name":"Afro-Asiatic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Afro-Asiatic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":9823,"name":"Multicultural Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multicultural_Education?f_ri=1709"},{"id":9851,"name":"Language Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Development?f_ri=1709"},{"id":10452,"name":"Linguistic diversity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistic_diversity?f_ri=1709"},{"id":13269,"name":"Ethiopian languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethiopian_languages?f_ri=1709"},{"id":13545,"name":"Teacher Training","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teacher_Training?f_ri=1709"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":15922,"name":"Language and Migration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_and_Migration?f_ri=1709"},{"id":16164,"name":"Minority Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Minority_Languages?f_ri=1709"},{"id":18045,"name":"Language Assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Assessment?f_ri=1709"},{"id":19817,"name":"Language Endangerment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Endangerment?f_ri=1709"},{"id":21361,"name":"Ethiopia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethiopia?f_ri=1709"},{"id":29497,"name":"African languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_languages?f_ri=1709"},{"id":29856,"name":"Language assessment (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_assessment_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709"},{"id":32394,"name":"Semitic Languages (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Languages_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709"},{"id":33010,"name":"Language Attitudes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Attitudes?f_ri=1709"},{"id":33267,"name":"Language maintenance and attrition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_maintenance_and_attrition?f_ri=1709"},{"id":33430,"name":"Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":36595,"name":"Endangered languages/cultures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Endangered_languages_cultures?f_ri=1709"},{"id":38881,"name":"Language Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Planning?f_ri=1709"},{"id":38926,"name":"Language Maintenance and Shift","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Maintenance_and_Shift?f_ri=1709"},{"id":39141,"name":"Language Attitudes (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Attitudes_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709"},{"id":46948,"name":"Bilingualism and Multilingualism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bilingualism_and_Multilingualism?f_ri=1709"},{"id":47268,"name":"Bilingualism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bilingualism?f_ri=1709"},{"id":48358,"name":"Language Testing and Assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Testing_and_Assessment?f_ri=1709"},{"id":48671,"name":"Language Preservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Preservation?f_ri=1709"},{"id":50796,"name":"Language contact","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_contact?f_ri=1709"},{"id":57417,"name":"Bi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bi?f_ri=1709"},{"id":59741,"name":"African Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":62202,"name":"Language research, testing, assessment, and evaluation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_research_testing_assessment_and_evaluation?f_ri=1709"},{"id":89944,"name":"Minority language maintenance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Minority_language_maintenance?f_ri=1709"},{"id":98213,"name":"Language Description","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Description?f_ri=1709"},{"id":98389,"name":"Bilingual speech and language assessment practices","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bilingual_speech_and_language_assessment_practices?f_ri=1709"},{"id":99785,"name":"AfroAsiatic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/AfroAsiatic?f_ri=1709"},{"id":146798,"name":"Sociolinguistics, Survey, Language Attitudes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics_Survey_Language_Attitudes?f_ri=1709"},{"id":174326,"name":"Language Testing, Assessment and Evaluation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Testing_Assessment_and_Evaluation?f_ri=1709"},{"id":181852,"name":"Young Learners","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Young_Learners?f_ri=1709"},{"id":187010,"name":"Oral language Proficiency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_language_Proficiency?f_ri=1709"},{"id":220651,"name":"Language Surveying","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Surveying?f_ri=1709"},{"id":227359,"name":"Gurage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gurage?f_ri=1709"},{"id":228478,"name":"African languages linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_languages_linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":249540,"name":"Language proficiency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_proficiency?f_ri=1709"},{"id":278779,"name":"Language death, billingualism and multilingualism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_death_billingualism_and_multilingualism?f_ri=1709"},{"id":694525,"name":"Oromo","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oromo?f_ri=1709"},{"id":886359,"name":"Quality Management Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quality_Management_Systems?f_ri=1709"},{"id":972103,"name":"Ethiosemitic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethiosemitic?f_ri=1709"},{"id":978446,"name":"Language of Schooling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_of_Schooling?f_ri=1709"},{"id":985217,"name":"Multilingual Education and Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multilingual_Education_and_Development?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_33551743" data-work_id="33551743" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33551743/The_Role_of_Morphology_and_Short_Vowelization_in_Reading_Arabic_among_Normal_and_Dyslexic_Readers_in_Grades_3_6_9_and_12">The Role of Morphology and Short Vowelization in Reading Arabic among Normal and Dyslexic Readers in Grades 3, 6, 9, and 12</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This study investigated the effect of vowels and context on the reading accuracy of poor and skilled native Arabic readers in reading paragraphs, sentences, and words. Central to this study is the belief that reading theory today should... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_33551743" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This study investigated the effect of vowels and context on the reading accuracy of poor and skilled native Arabic readers in reading paragraphs, sentences, and words. Central to this study is the belief that reading theory today should consider additional variables, especially when explaining the reading process in Arabic orthography among poor and normal/skilled readers. This orthography has not been studied. Reading theory today is the sum of conclusions from studies conducted in Latin orthography. The subjects were 77 native Arabic speakers, 34 of them poor readers and 44 normal/skilled readers. The subjects had to read in Arabic 15 paragraphs, 60 sentences, and 210 words. There were three reading conditions: fully vowelized, partially vowelized, and unvowelized texts. The results showed that vowels and contexts were important variables to facilitate word recognition in poor and normal/skilled readers in Arabic orthography.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33551743" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7bd07f46191ba0543d4efdcdd537f826" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53580031,"asset_id":33551743,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53580031/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="28349712" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SalimAbuRabia">Salim Abu-Rabia</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="28349712" type="text/json">{"id":28349712,"first_name":"Salim","last_name":"Abu-Rabia","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SalimAbuRabia","display_name":"Salim Abu-Rabia","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SalimAbuRabia?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/28349712/8006668/109397092/s65_salim.abu-rabia.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_33551743 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="33551743"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33551743, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_33551743", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_33551743 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33551743; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_33551743"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_33551743 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33551743"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33551743; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33551743]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_33551743").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_33551743").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="33551743"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">28</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="237" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="237" type="text/json">{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=33551743]'), work: {"id":33551743,"title":"The Role of Morphology and Short Vowelization in Reading Arabic among Normal and Dyslexic Readers in Grades 3, 6, 9, and 12","created_at":"2017-06-19T06:06:02.664-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/33551743/The_Role_of_Morphology_and_Short_Vowelization_in_Reading_Arabic_among_Normal_and_Dyslexic_Readers_in_Grades_3_6_9_and_12?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_33551743","summary":"This study investigated the effect of vowels and context on the reading accuracy of poor and skilled native Arabic readers in reading paragraphs, sentences, and words. Central to this study is the belief that reading theory today should consider additional variables, especially when explaining the reading process in Arabic orthography among poor and normal/skilled readers. This orthography has not been studied. Reading theory today is the sum of conclusions from studies conducted in Latin orthography. The subjects were 77 native Arabic speakers, 34 of them poor readers and 44 normal/skilled readers. The subjects had to read in Arabic 15 paragraphs, 60 sentences, and 210 words. There were three reading conditions: fully vowelized, partially vowelized, and unvowelized texts. The results showed that vowels and contexts were important variables to facilitate word recognition in poor and normal/skilled readers in Arabic orthography.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53580031,"asset_id":33551743,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":28349712,"first_name":"Salim","last_name":"Abu-Rabia","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SalimAbuRabia","display_name":"Salim Abu-Rabia","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SalimAbuRabia?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/28349712/8006668/109397092/s65_salim.abu-rabia.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":2349,"name":"Semantics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semantics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":3324,"name":"Arabic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic?f_ri=1709"},{"id":5187,"name":"Statistical Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Statistical_Analysis?f_ri=1709"},{"id":6671,"name":"Syntax","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syntax?f_ri=1709"},{"id":9471,"name":"Reading","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reading?f_ri=1709"},{"id":10249,"name":"Writing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Writing?f_ri=1709"},{"id":10866,"name":"Morphology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":14180,"name":"Reading Comprehension","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reading_Comprehension?f_ri=1709"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":18174,"name":"Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language?f_ri=1709"},{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent?f_ri=1709"},{"id":23976,"name":"Phonation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonation?f_ri=1709"},{"id":25052,"name":"Dyslexia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dyslexia?f_ri=1709"},{"id":28958,"name":"Orthography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orthography?f_ri=1709"},{"id":34642,"name":"Israel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Israel?f_ri=1709"},{"id":64933,"name":"Child","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child?f_ri=1709"},{"id":66080,"name":"Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Age?f_ri=1709"},{"id":95014,"name":"Psycholinguistic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psycholinguistic?f_ri=1709"},{"id":97252,"name":"Comprehension","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comprehension?f_ri=1709"},{"id":972948,"name":"Stepwise Regression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stepwise_Regression?f_ri=1709"},{"id":1290182,"name":"Applied Statistics Regression Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Statistics_Regression_Analysis?f_ri=1709"},{"id":1470936,"name":"Age Groups","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Age_Groups?f_ri=1709"},{"id":1929419,"name":"Nino","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nino?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30813768" data-work_id="30813768" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30813768/Le_changement_w_y_en_h%C3%A9breu_biblique">Le changement w>y en hébreu biblique.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Although the sound change w>y in Biblical Hebrew is well - known, it has not received significant attention until now. This paper provides a synchronic analysis to this phenomenon. The shift is partly morphologically, partly... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30813768" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Although the sound change w>y in Biblical Hebrew is well - <br />known, it has not received significant attention until now. This <br />paper provides a synchronic analysis to this phenomenon. The shift <br />is partly morphologically, partly phonologically conditioned. <br />Focusing on the phonological conditioning, the author describes the <br />exact environments of the change and suggests an explanation. <br />While weakening of w appears between vowel and consonant, w>y <br />occurs in the complementary set of environments: initial, <br />postconsonantal and possibly between vowels. This conditioning <br />and other phonological facts suggest that w>y is a strengthening. It <br />is thus necessary to distinguish this process from the regular <br />syncope of w which is morphologically, rather than <br />morphophonologically, conditioned.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30813768" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ae01de90608a8c6762763dcbfcd761df" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51247091,"asset_id":30813768,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51247091/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="58445639" href="https://independent.academia.edu/EmmanuelAim">Emmanuel Aïm</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="58445639" type="text/json">{"id":58445639,"first_name":"Emmanuel","last_name":"Aïm","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EmmanuelAim","display_name":"Emmanuel Aïm","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EmmanuelAim?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/58445639/119782448/109103358/s65_emmanuel.a_m.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30813768 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30813768"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30813768, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30813768", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_30813768 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30813768; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_30813768"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_30813768 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="30813768"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30813768; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30813768]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_30813768").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_30813768").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="30813768"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2063" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language">Hebrew Language</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2063" type="text/json">{"id":2063,"name":"Hebrew Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17928" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Hebrew">Ancient Hebrew</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17928" type="text/json">{"id":17928,"name":"Ancient Hebrew","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Hebrew?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30813768]'), work: {"id":30813768,"title":"Le changement w\u003ey en hébreu biblique.","created_at":"2017-01-08T06:58:55.264-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30813768/Le_changement_w_y_en_h%C3%A9breu_biblique?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_30813768","summary":"Although the sound change w\u003ey in Biblical Hebrew is well -\r\nknown, it has not received significant attention until now. This\r\npaper provides a synchronic analysis to this phenomenon. The shift\r\nis partly morphologically, partly phonologically conditioned.\r\nFocusing on the phonological conditioning, the author describes the\r\nexact environments of the change and suggests an explanation.\r\nWhile weakening of w appears between vowel and consonant, w\u003ey\r\noccurs in the complementary set of environments: initial,\r\npostconsonantal and possibly between vowels. This conditioning\r\nand other phonological facts suggest that w\u003ey is a strengthening. It\r\nis thus necessary to distinguish this process from the regular\r\nsyncope of w which is morphologically, rather than\r\nmorphophonologically, conditioned.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51247091,"asset_id":30813768,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":58445639,"first_name":"Emmanuel","last_name":"Aïm","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EmmanuelAim","display_name":"Emmanuel Aïm","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EmmanuelAim?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/58445639/119782448/109103358/s65_emmanuel.a_m.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":2063,"name":"Hebrew Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":17928,"name":"Ancient Hebrew","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Hebrew?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":28609,"name":"Phonological Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonological_Theory?f_ri=1709"},{"id":32992,"name":"Biblical Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709"},{"id":44724,"name":"Morphophonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphophonology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":60457,"name":"Biblical Hebrew","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36284664" data-work_id="36284664" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36284664/Assignment_2_and_3">Assignment 2 and 3</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Course material from Comparative Semitics class</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36284664" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ad1e0602593b3a68b47974d02082a030" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56190370,"asset_id":36284664,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56190370/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="779817" href="https://cambridge.academia.edu/PaulNoorlander">Paul Noorlander</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="779817" type="text/json">{"id":779817,"first_name":"Paul","last_name":"Noorlander","domain_name":"cambridge","page_name":"PaulNoorlander","display_name":"Paul Noorlander","profile_url":"https://cambridge.academia.edu/PaulNoorlander?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/779817/3934610/70680259/s65_paul.noorlander.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36284664 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36284664"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36284664, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36284664", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_36284664 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36284664; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_36284664"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_36284664 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36284664"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36284664; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36284664]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_36284664").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_36284664").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="36284664"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1207" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics">Historical Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1207" type="text/json">{"id":1207,"name":"Historical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2722" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics">Arabic Language and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2722" type="text/json">{"id":2722,"name":"Arabic Language and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3034" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics">Comparative Semitic Linguistics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3034" type="text/json">{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=36284664]'), work: {"id":36284664,"title":"Assignment 2 and 3","created_at":"2018-03-29T06:53:05.483-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/36284664/Assignment_2_and_3?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_36284664","summary":"Course material from Comparative Semitics class","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56190370,"asset_id":36284664,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":779817,"first_name":"Paul","last_name":"Noorlander","domain_name":"cambridge","page_name":"PaulNoorlander","display_name":"Paul Noorlander","profile_url":"https://cambridge.academia.edu/PaulNoorlander?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/779817/3934610/70680259/s65_paul.noorlander.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1207,"name":"Historical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":2722,"name":"Arabic Language and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":9183,"name":"Comparative Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":13269,"name":"Ethiopian languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethiopian_languages?f_ri=1709"},{"id":24215,"name":"Comparative Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":27531,"name":"Amharic Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amharic_Language?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_29000398" data-work_id="29000398" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29000398/Zewi_Tamar_2016_The_Samaritan_Version_of_Saadya_Gaon_s_Translation_of_the_Pentateuch_Ginzei_Qedem_12_113_126_in_Hebrew_">Zewi, Tamar. 2016. “The Samaritan Version of Saadya Gaon’s Translation of the Pentateuch.” Ginzei Qedem 12: 113-126. (in Hebrew).</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The study of the Samaritan version of Saadya Gaon’s translation of the Pentateuch (the tafsīr), mainly based on MS London BL OR7562, shows that a Saadyan version in Arabic Characters was adopted by the Samaritans and adapted to the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_29000398" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The study of the Samaritan version of Saadya Gaon’s translation of the Pentateuch (the tafsīr), mainly based on MS London BL OR7562, shows that a Saadyan version in Arabic Characters was adopted by the Samaritans and adapted to the Samaritan Hebrew Pentateuch. The transmission of this version in MS London BL OR7562 continued after the early Samaritan Arabic translation of the Pentateuch and perhaps also its later revision had already been created, since many of their translations were preserved in MS BL OR7562, mixed with its Saadyan basic text. As MS London BL OR7562 also contains numerous words and phrases paralleled only in Christian Arabic translations of the Pentateuch and Saadyan adaptations, mainly related to the Peshitta tradition, it is reasonable to assume that these were the sources of this Samaritan Saadyan version and possibly also of the other Samaritan Arabic translations. The Samaritan version of Saadya’s translation of the Pentateuch also reveals some parallels to tenth- and eleventh-century Karaite translations and it contains prominent Aramaic and Islamic vocabulary, unfamiliar in other versions of Saadya’s tafsīr.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/29000398" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="abb8824a1a27f9f77b35080e5ea14c6b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58146185,"asset_id":29000398,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58146185/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9672986" href="https://haifa.academia.edu/TamarZewi">Tamar Zewi תמר צבי</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9672986" type="text/json">{"id":9672986,"first_name":"Tamar","last_name":"Zewi תמר צבי","domain_name":"haifa","page_name":"TamarZewi","display_name":"Tamar Zewi תמר צבי","profile_url":"https://haifa.academia.edu/TamarZewi?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9672986/3071428/3612456/s65_tamar.zewi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_29000398 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="29000398"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 29000398, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_29000398", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_29000398 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29000398; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_29000398"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_29000398 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="29000398"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29000398; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=29000398]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_29000398").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_29000398").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="29000398"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">61</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="983" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Studies">Jewish Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="983" type="text/json">{"id":983,"name":"Jewish Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Studies?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2063" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language">Hebrew Language</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2063" type="text/json">{"id":2063,"name":"Hebrew Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2722" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics">Arabic Language and Linguistics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2722" type="text/json">{"id":2722,"name":"Arabic Language and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=29000398]'), work: {"id":29000398,"title":"Zewi, Tamar. 2016. “The Samaritan Version of Saadya Gaon’s Translation of the Pentateuch.” Ginzei Qedem 12: 113-126. (in Hebrew).","created_at":"2016-10-08T02:53:16.092-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/29000398/Zewi_Tamar_2016_The_Samaritan_Version_of_Saadya_Gaon_s_Translation_of_the_Pentateuch_Ginzei_Qedem_12_113_126_in_Hebrew_?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_29000398","summary":"The study of the Samaritan version of Saadya Gaon’s translation of the Pentateuch (the tafsīr), mainly based on MS London BL OR7562, shows that a Saadyan version in Arabic Characters was adopted by the Samaritans and adapted to the Samaritan Hebrew Pentateuch. The transmission of this version in MS London BL OR7562 continued after the early Samaritan Arabic translation of the Pentateuch and perhaps also its later revision had already been created, since many of their translations were preserved in MS BL OR7562, mixed with its Saadyan basic text. As MS London BL OR7562 also contains numerous words and phrases paralleled only in Christian Arabic translations of the Pentateuch and Saadyan adaptations, mainly related to the Peshitta tradition, it is reasonable to assume that these were the sources of this Samaritan Saadyan version and possibly also of the other Samaritan Arabic translations. The Samaritan version of Saadya’s translation of the Pentateuch also reveals some parallels to tenth- and eleventh-century Karaite translations and it contains prominent Aramaic and Islamic vocabulary, unfamiliar in other versions of Saadya’s tafsīr.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58146185,"asset_id":29000398,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9672986,"first_name":"Tamar","last_name":"Zewi תמר צבי","domain_name":"haifa","page_name":"TamarZewi","display_name":"Tamar Zewi תמר צבי","profile_url":"https://haifa.academia.edu/TamarZewi?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9672986/3071428/3612456/s65_tamar.zewi.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":983,"name":"Jewish Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Studies?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":2063,"name":"Hebrew Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":2722,"name":"Arabic Language and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":4173,"name":"Hebrew Bible","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible?f_ri=1709"},{"id":4176,"name":"Aramaic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aramaic?f_ri=1709"},{"id":6586,"name":"Bible Translation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bible_Translation?f_ri=1709"},{"id":7431,"name":"Bible Translations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bible_Translations?f_ri=1709"},{"id":8047,"name":"Codicology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Codicology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":15143,"name":"Syriac Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syriac_Studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":20889,"name":"Peshitta","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peshitta?f_ri=1709"},{"id":24215,"name":"Comparative Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":26305,"name":"Bible","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bible?f_ri=1709"},{"id":26892,"name":"Codicology of medieval manuscripts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Codicology_of_medieval_manuscripts?f_ri=1709"},{"id":28210,"name":"Judeo-Arabic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judeo-Arabic?f_ri=1709"},{"id":30925,"name":"Syriac (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syriac_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709"},{"id":32394,"name":"Semitic Languages (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Languages_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709"},{"id":32992,"name":"Biblical Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709"},{"id":33430,"name":"Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":50510,"name":"Arabic Manuscripts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Manuscripts?f_ri=1709"},{"id":56356,"name":"Samaritan Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Samaritan_Studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":60457,"name":"Biblical Hebrew","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew?f_ri=1709"},{"id":76716,"name":"Bible studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bible_studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":80167,"name":"Cairo Genizah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cairo_Genizah?f_ri=1709"},{"id":81294,"name":"Medieval Jewish Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Jewish_Studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":81295,"name":"Genizah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genizah?f_ri=1709"},{"id":81296,"name":"Firkovitch collection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Firkovitch_collection?f_ri=1709"},{"id":82920,"name":"Bible in Arabic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bible_in_Arabic?f_ri=1709"},{"id":82921,"name":"Saadya Gaon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Saadya_Gaon?f_ri=1709"},{"id":101223,"name":"Medieval Jewish-Muslim Encounters, Judeo-arabic manuscripts regarding Islam, Polemics of Jewish Authors against Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Jewish-Muslim_Encounters_Judeo-arabic_manuscripts_regarding_Islam_Polemics_of_Jewish_Auth?f_ri=1709"},{"id":112082,"name":"Semitic Philology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Philology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":134435,"name":"Samaritan Pentateuch","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Samaritan_Pentateuch?f_ri=1709"},{"id":147595,"name":"Bible Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bible_Study?f_ri=1709"},{"id":150851,"name":"Samaritans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Samaritans?f_ri=1709"},{"id":152706,"name":"Early Bible Translations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Bible_Translations?f_ri=1709"},{"id":154505,"name":"Judeo Arabic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judeo_Arabic?f_ri=1709"},{"id":245467,"name":"Hebrew and Semitic linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_and_Semitic_linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":292092,"name":"Judeo-Arabic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judeo-Arabic_Studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":296061,"name":"Research Medieval Judaism and Jewish Christian relations in Late Antiquity and Medieval age.","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research_Medieval_Judaism_and_Jewish_Christian_relations_in_Late_Antiquity_and_Medieval_age?f_ri=1709"},{"id":316034,"name":"Judeo-Arabic Literature and Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judeo-Arabic_Literature_and_Culture?f_ri=1709"},{"id":369954,"name":"Judeo-Arabic Manuscripts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judeo-Arabic_Manuscripts?f_ri=1709"},{"id":402964,"name":"Judaeo-Arabic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judaeo-Arabic?f_ri=1709"},{"id":422907,"name":"Judeo-Arabic Language and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judeo-Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":445280,"name":"Hebrew Bible/Old Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_Old_Testament?f_ri=1709"},{"id":474150,"name":"Hebrew and Jewish studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_and_Jewish_studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":662753,"name":"Biblia Arabica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblia_Arabica?f_ri=1709"},{"id":671221,"name":"Christian arabic studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian_arabic_studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":696800,"name":"Codicology and Palaeography of Medieval Hebrew Manuscripts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Codicology_and_Palaeography_of_Medieval_Hebrew_Manuscripts?f_ri=1709"},{"id":699020,"name":"Saadiah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Saadiah?f_ri=1709"},{"id":741267,"name":"Arabic Bible Translations, Arabic Bible, Muslim Reception of the Bible","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Bible_Translations_Arabic_Bible_Muslim_Reception_of_the_Bible?f_ri=1709"},{"id":756795,"name":"Hebrew and Judaic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_and_Judaic_Studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":956623,"name":"Judeo Arabic Bible Exegesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judeo_Arabic_Bible_Exegesis?f_ri=1709"},{"id":974582,"name":"Arabic Bible Translation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Bible_Translation?f_ri=1709"},{"id":977606,"name":"Aramaic and Targum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aramaic_and_Targum?f_ri=1709"},{"id":998451,"name":"Judaeo Arabic Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judaeo_Arabic_Literature?f_ri=1709"},{"id":1034496,"name":"Arabic Bible","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Bible?f_ri=1709"},{"id":1754160,"name":"Judaeo Arabic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judaeo_Arabic?f_ri=1709"},{"id":1862522,"name":"Christian Arabic Bible Exegesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian_Arabic_Bible_Exegesis?f_ri=1709"},{"id":2564922,"name":"Judeo-Arabic culture and literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judeo-Arabic_culture_and_literature?f_ri=1709"},{"id":2966730,"name":"Judaeo-Arabic Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judaeo-Arabic_Culture?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4307937" data-work_id="4307937" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4307937/Grammaticalization_in_Hebrew_">Grammaticalization (in Hebrew)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4307937" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1e14cb8aab77708d122e95c8e5b4282c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32206969,"asset_id":4307937,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32206969/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3342101" href="https://uga.academia.edu/AaronRubin">Aaron Rubin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3342101" type="text/json">{"id":3342101,"first_name":"Aaron","last_name":"Rubin","domain_name":"uga","page_name":"AaronRubin","display_name":"Aaron Rubin","profile_url":"https://uga.academia.edu/AaronRubin?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3342101/1119562/4748443/s65_aaron.rubin.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4307937 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4307937"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4307937, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4307937", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_4307937 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4307937; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_4307937"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_4307937 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4307937"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4307937; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4307937]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4307937").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4307937").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4307937"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1200" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics">Languages and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1200" type="text/json">{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1207" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics">Historical Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1207" type="text/json">{"id":1207,"name":"Historical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1302" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology">Theology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1302" type="text/json">{"id":1302,"name":"Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4307937]'), work: {"id":4307937,"title":"Grammaticalization (in Hebrew)","created_at":"2013-08-23T01:21:30.988-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4307937/Grammaticalization_in_Hebrew_?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_4307937","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32206969,"asset_id":4307937,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3342101,"first_name":"Aaron","last_name":"Rubin","domain_name":"uga","page_name":"AaronRubin","display_name":"Aaron Rubin","profile_url":"https://uga.academia.edu/AaronRubin?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3342101/1119562/4748443/s65_aaron.rubin.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1207,"name":"Historical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1302,"name":"Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":2063,"name":"Hebrew Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language?f_ri=1709"},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":6528,"name":"Biblical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":14820,"name":"Grammaticalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Grammaticalization?f_ri=1709"},{"id":32992,"name":"Biblical Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709"},{"id":38910,"name":"Linguistic Typology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistic_Typology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":445280,"name":"Hebrew Bible/Old Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_Old_Testament?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37119175" data-work_id="37119175" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37119175/Bibliografia_degli_scritti_di_Luigi_Cagni_">Bibliografia degli scritti [di Luigi Cagni]</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">A Bibliography of the Scientific Writings of Luigi Cagni</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37119175" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5fed6d3e00c62a9247dccafca4664cab" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57070655,"asset_id":37119175,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57070655/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8301690" href="https://unicatt.academia.edu/GiancarloToloni">Giancarlo Toloni</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8301690" type="text/json">{"id":8301690,"first_name":"Giancarlo","last_name":"Toloni","domain_name":"unicatt","page_name":"GiancarloToloni","display_name":"Giancarlo Toloni","profile_url":"https://unicatt.academia.edu/GiancarloToloni?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8301690/2969984/51932742/s65_giancarlo.toloni.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37119175 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37119175"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37119175, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37119175", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_37119175 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37119175; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_37119175"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_37119175 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37119175"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37119175; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37119175]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37119175").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37119175").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37119175"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4173" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible">Hebrew Bible</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4173" type="text/json">{"id":4173,"name":"Hebrew Bible","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13542" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesopotamian_Religions">Mesopotamian Religions</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13542" type="text/json">{"id":13542,"name":"Mesopotamian Religions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesopotamian_Religions?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17936" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East">Ancient Near East</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17936" type="text/json">{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37119175]'), work: {"id":37119175,"title":"Bibliografia degli scritti [di Luigi Cagni]","created_at":"2018-07-25T08:01:26.608-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37119175/Bibliografia_degli_scritti_di_Luigi_Cagni_?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_37119175","summary":"A Bibliography of the Scientific Writings of Luigi Cagni","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57070655,"asset_id":37119175,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8301690,"first_name":"Giancarlo","last_name":"Toloni","domain_name":"unicatt","page_name":"GiancarloToloni","display_name":"Giancarlo Toloni","profile_url":"https://unicatt.academia.edu/GiancarloToloni?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8301690/2969984/51932742/s65_giancarlo.toloni.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":4173,"name":"Hebrew Bible","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":13542,"name":"Mesopotamian Religions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesopotamian_Religions?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":20350,"name":"Eblaite (Languages and Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eblaite_Languages_and_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709"},{"id":23100,"name":"Northwest Semitic Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Northwest_Semitic_Epigraphy?f_ri=1709"},{"id":32065,"name":"Hebrew Bible and Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_and_Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=1709"},{"id":33430,"name":"Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":49052,"name":"History and Archaeology of the Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_and_Archaeology_of_the_Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=1709"},{"id":280241,"name":"Assyriology Sumerology Akkadian Sumerian Sumerian \u0026 Akkadian literature Sumerian Religion Mesopotamia History Ancient Mesopotamian Religions Cuneiform Ancient Near East Ancient Near Estern Languages Religious Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assyriology_Sumerology_Akkadian_Sumerian_Sumerian_and_Akkadian_literature_Sumerian_Religion_Meso?f_ri=1709"},{"id":549325,"name":"Archives of Ebla","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archives_of_Ebla?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_24982369" data-work_id="24982369" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/24982369/Achievement_of_immigrant_students_in_mathematics_and_academic_Hebrew_in_Israeli_school_A_large_scale_evaluation_study">Achievement of immigrant students in mathematics and academic Hebrew in Israeli school: A large-scale evaluation study</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article reports findings obtained from a large-scale national study (299 schools; 2761 students) that examined academic achievements of immigrants in Israeli schools. It focused on two distinct groups of immigrant students -those... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_24982369" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article reports findings obtained from a large-scale national study (299 schools; 2761 students) that examined academic achievements of immigrants in Israeli schools. It focused on two distinct groups of immigrant students -those from the former USSR and from Ethiopia, in two subject areas -mathematics and academic language (Hebrew), and in three grade levels -5, 9 and 11. The scores of the immigrant students and those of a parallel group of native-borns were compared and analyzed. The findings demonstrate differences in achievements between the groups. The scores also demonstrate that immigrants require a substantial number of years to reach achievement levels similar to those of students who were born in Israel in academic subjects, specifically, 5-7, 9 or 11 years in mathematics, and 5-7, 8 or 11 years in academic Hebrew, depending on the grade levels and the groups. The study discusses the implications of using large-scale evaluation of educational achievement for educational policy and evaluation designs. #</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/24982369" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="aa8f0986ec832e054dc8cba5f04c8d04" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45311550,"asset_id":24982369,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45311550/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="149950" href="https://telaviv.academia.edu/ElanaShohamy">Elana Shohamy</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="149950" type="text/json">{"id":149950,"first_name":"Elana","last_name":"Shohamy","domain_name":"telaviv","page_name":"ElanaShohamy","display_name":"Elana Shohamy","profile_url":"https://telaviv.academia.edu/ElanaShohamy?f_ri=1709","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_24982369 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="24982369"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 24982369, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_24982369", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_24982369 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 24982369; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_24982369"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_24982369 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="24982369"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 24982369; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=24982369]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_24982369").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_24982369").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="24982369"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3843" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immigration">Immigration</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3843" type="text/json">{"id":3843,"name":"Immigration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immigration?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4949" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Testing">Language Testing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4949" type="text/json">{"id":4949,"name":"Language Testing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Testing?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9822" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education_Policy">Education Policy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9822" type="text/json">{"id":9822,"name":"Education Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education_Policy?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=24982369]'), work: {"id":24982369,"title":"Achievement of immigrant students in mathematics and academic Hebrew in Israeli school: A large-scale evaluation study","created_at":"2016-05-03T06:12:45.455-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/24982369/Achievement_of_immigrant_students_in_mathematics_and_academic_Hebrew_in_Israeli_school_A_large_scale_evaluation_study?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_24982369","summary":"This article reports findings obtained from a large-scale national study (299 schools; 2761 students) that examined academic achievements of immigrants in Israeli schools. It focused on two distinct groups of immigrant students -those from the former USSR and from Ethiopia, in two subject areas -mathematics and academic language (Hebrew), and in three grade levels -5, 9 and 11. The scores of the immigrant students and those of a parallel group of native-borns were compared and analyzed. The findings demonstrate differences in achievements between the groups. The scores also demonstrate that immigrants require a substantial number of years to reach achievement levels similar to those of students who were born in Israel in academic subjects, specifically, 5-7, 9 or 11 years in mathematics, and 5-7, 8 or 11 years in academic Hebrew, depending on the grade levels and the groups. The study discusses the implications of using large-scale evaluation of educational achievement for educational policy and evaluation designs. #","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45311550,"asset_id":24982369,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":149950,"first_name":"Elana","last_name":"Shohamy","domain_name":"telaviv","page_name":"ElanaShohamy","display_name":"Elana Shohamy","profile_url":"https://telaviv.academia.edu/ElanaShohamy?f_ri=1709","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":3843,"name":"Immigration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immigration?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":4949,"name":"Language Testing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Testing?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":9822,"name":"Education Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education_Policy?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":54318,"name":"Immigrants","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immigrants?f_ri=1709"},{"id":94572,"name":"Evaluation methods","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evaluation_methods?f_ri=1709"},{"id":98674,"name":"Subject Areas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Subject_Areas?f_ri=1709"},{"id":104446,"name":"Academic achievement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Academic_achievement?f_ri=1709"},{"id":152553,"name":"Comparative Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Analysis?f_ri=1709"},{"id":375247,"name":"Evaluation Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evaluation_Studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":532180,"name":"Educational Achievement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Achievement?f_ri=1709"},{"id":758278,"name":"Large Scale","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Large_Scale?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6332327" data-work_id="6332327" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6332327/Zewi_Tamar_2000_Is_There_a_Tripartite_Nominal_Sentence_in_Biblical_Hebrew_Journal_of_Northwest_Semitic_Languages_26_51_63">Zewi, Tamar. 2000. “Is There a Tripartite Nominal Sentence in Biblical Hebrew?” Journal of Northwest Semitic Languages 26: 51-63.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper examines the term "Tripartite Nominal Sentence" in Biblical Hebrew, questions its justification, and supports analysis of it as involving extraposition. The paper reviews the so-called "Tripartite Nominal Sentence" in several... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6332327" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper examines the term "Tripartite Nominal Sentence" in Biblical Hebrew, questions its justification, and supports analysis of it as involving extraposition. The paper reviews the so-called "Tripartite Nominal Sentence" in several Semitic languages and Semitic Bible translations in comparison to Biblical Hebrew, and suggests that its basic structure is not tripartite but bipartite. It is also suggested that analysis of it as bipartite should occur on two levels: one of an extraposed subject and a predicate clause, together forming a bipartite construction, and another of a subject and a predicate within the predicate clause, together forming a bipartite construction again.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6332327" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5f8054a98febc9c041b96fd6619683c2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33163268,"asset_id":6332327,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33163268/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9672986" href="https://haifa.academia.edu/TamarZewi">Tamar Zewi תמר צבי</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9672986" type="text/json">{"id":9672986,"first_name":"Tamar","last_name":"Zewi תמר צבי","domain_name":"haifa","page_name":"TamarZewi","display_name":"Tamar Zewi תמר צבי","profile_url":"https://haifa.academia.edu/TamarZewi?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9672986/3071428/3612456/s65_tamar.zewi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6332327 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6332327"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6332327, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6332327", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_6332327 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6332327; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_6332327"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_6332327 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="6332327"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6332327; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6332327]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6332327").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6332327").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6332327"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">24</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1200" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics">Languages and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1200" type="text/json">{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1207" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics">Historical Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1207" type="text/json">{"id":1207,"name":"Historical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2063" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language">Hebrew Language</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2063" type="text/json">{"id":2063,"name":"Hebrew Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6332327]'), work: {"id":6332327,"title":"Zewi, Tamar. 2000. “Is There a Tripartite Nominal Sentence in Biblical Hebrew?” Journal of Northwest Semitic Languages 26: 51-63.","created_at":"2014-03-07T22:56:04.628-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6332327/Zewi_Tamar_2000_Is_There_a_Tripartite_Nominal_Sentence_in_Biblical_Hebrew_Journal_of_Northwest_Semitic_Languages_26_51_63?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_6332327","summary":"This paper examines the term \"Tripartite Nominal Sentence\" in Biblical Hebrew, questions its justification, and supports analysis of it as involving extraposition. The paper reviews the so-called \"Tripartite Nominal Sentence\" in several Semitic languages and Semitic Bible translations in comparison to Biblical Hebrew, and suggests that its basic structure is not tripartite but bipartite. It is also suggested that analysis of it as bipartite should occur on two levels: one of an extraposed subject and a predicate clause, together forming a bipartite construction, and another of a subject and a predicate within the predicate clause, together forming a bipartite construction again.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33163268,"asset_id":6332327,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9672986,"first_name":"Tamar","last_name":"Zewi תמר צבי","domain_name":"haifa","page_name":"TamarZewi","display_name":"Tamar Zewi תמר צבי","profile_url":"https://haifa.academia.edu/TamarZewi?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9672986/3071428/3612456/s65_tamar.zewi.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1207,"name":"Historical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":2063,"name":"Hebrew Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":4173,"name":"Hebrew Bible","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible?f_ri=1709"},{"id":6528,"name":"Biblical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":6671,"name":"Syntax","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syntax?f_ri=1709"},{"id":9183,"name":"Comparative Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":24215,"name":"Comparative Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":32065,"name":"Hebrew Bible and Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_and_Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=1709"},{"id":32992,"name":"Biblical Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709"},{"id":33430,"name":"Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":37202,"name":"Comparative Syntax","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Syntax?f_ri=1709"},{"id":38808,"name":"Northwest Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Northwest_Semitics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":60457,"name":"Biblical Hebrew","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew?f_ri=1709"},{"id":112082,"name":"Semitic Philology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Philology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":147595,"name":"Bible Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bible_Study?f_ri=1709"},{"id":184862,"name":"Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":445280,"name":"Hebrew Bible/Old Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_Old_Testament?f_ri=1709"},{"id":543974,"name":"Hebrew Bible and Northwest Semitic Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_and_Northwest_Semitic_Languages?f_ri=1709"},{"id":734296,"name":"Nominal Clause","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nominal_Clause?f_ri=1709"},{"id":959815,"name":"North West Semitic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/North_West_Semitic?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8536309" data-work_id="8536309" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8536309/A_DISCUSSION_OF_GLYPHS_2_2_AND_2_10_FROM_THE_SECOND_WADI_EL_H_OL_ALPHABETIC_INSCRIPTION">A DISCUSSION OF GLYPHS 2.2 AND 2.10 FROM THE SECOND WADI EL-ḤOL ALPHABETIC INSCRIPTION</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8536309" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="49d906ec2465ebefdeb8718297c8c9dc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34912275,"asset_id":8536309,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34912275/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="11580403" href="https://sebts.academia.edu/RyanDavis">Ryan Davis</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="11580403" type="text/json">{"id":11580403,"first_name":"Ryan","last_name":"Davis","domain_name":"sebts","page_name":"RyanDavis","display_name":"Ryan Davis","profile_url":"https://sebts.academia.edu/RyanDavis?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11580403/3357102/5610078/s65_ryan.davis.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8536309 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8536309"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8536309, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8536309", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_8536309 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 8536309; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_8536309"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_8536309 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="8536309"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 8536309; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=8536309]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_8536309").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_8536309").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="8536309"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3034" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics">Comparative Semitic Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3034" type="text/json">{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3793" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology">Egyptian Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3793" type="text/json">{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="754473" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glyphs">Glyphs</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="754473" type="text/json">{"id":754473,"name":"Glyphs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glyphs?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=8536309]'), work: {"id":8536309,"title":"A DISCUSSION OF GLYPHS 2.2 AND 2.10 FROM THE SECOND WADI EL-ḤOL ALPHABETIC INSCRIPTION","created_at":"2014-09-28T12:45:52.941-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/8536309/A_DISCUSSION_OF_GLYPHS_2_2_AND_2_10_FROM_THE_SECOND_WADI_EL_H_OL_ALPHABETIC_INSCRIPTION?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_8536309","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34912275,"asset_id":8536309,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":11580403,"first_name":"Ryan","last_name":"Davis","domain_name":"sebts","page_name":"RyanDavis","display_name":"Ryan Davis","profile_url":"https://sebts.academia.edu/RyanDavis?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11580403/3357102/5610078/s65_ryan.davis.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":754473,"name":"Glyphs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glyphs?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_21870083" data-work_id="21870083" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/21870083/Review_of_A_handbook_of_early_Middle_Arabic_by_Prof_Joshua_Blau">Review of "A handbook of early Middle Arabic" by Prof. Joshua Blau</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Reviewed by Sophie Kessler-Mesguich, published in "Revue des études juives", 163 no. 3 - 4 Jul. - Dec. 2004, p 554-556.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/21870083" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5b9542dcffd722c4115dd0e07426f535" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42618360,"asset_id":21870083,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42618360/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="25114433" href="https://huji.academia.edu/TheMaxSchloessingerMemorialFoundation">The Max Schloessinger Memorial Foundation - Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam (JSAI)</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="25114433" type="text/json">{"id":25114433,"first_name":"The Max Schloessinger Memorial Foundation","last_name":"- Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam (JSAI)","domain_name":"huji","page_name":"TheMaxSchloessingerMemorialFoundation","display_name":"The Max Schloessinger Memorial Foundation - Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam (JSAI)","profile_url":"https://huji.academia.edu/TheMaxSchloessingerMemorialFoundation?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/25114433/6827363/75808940/s65_the_max_schloessinger_memorial_foundation.-_jerusalem_studies_in_arabic_and_islam_jsai_.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_21870083 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="21870083"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 21870083, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_21870083", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_21870083 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21870083; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_21870083"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_21870083 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="21870083"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21870083; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=21870083]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_21870083").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_21870083").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="21870083"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">32</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1270" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Literature">Arabic Literature</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1270" type="text/json">{"id":1270,"name":"Arabic Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Literature?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2722" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics">Arabic Language and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2722" type="text/json">{"id":2722,"name":"Arabic Language and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3034" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics">Comparative Semitic Linguistics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3034" type="text/json">{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=21870083]'), work: {"id":21870083,"title":"Review of \"A handbook of early Middle Arabic\" by Prof. Joshua Blau","created_at":"2016-02-12T04:16:11.128-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/21870083/Review_of_A_handbook_of_early_Middle_Arabic_by_Prof_Joshua_Blau?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_21870083","summary":"Reviewed by Sophie Kessler-Mesguich, published in \"Revue des études juives\", 163 no. 3 - 4 Jul. - Dec. 2004, p 554-556. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42618360,"asset_id":21870083,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":25114433,"first_name":"The Max Schloessinger Memorial Foundation","last_name":"- Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam (JSAI)","domain_name":"huji","page_name":"TheMaxSchloessingerMemorialFoundation","display_name":"The Max Schloessinger Memorial Foundation - Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam (JSAI)","profile_url":"https://huji.academia.edu/TheMaxSchloessingerMemorialFoundation?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/25114433/6827363/75808940/s65_the_max_schloessinger_memorial_foundation.-_jerusalem_studies_in_arabic_and_islam_jsai_.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1270,"name":"Arabic Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Literature?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":2722,"name":"Arabic Language and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":3324,"name":"Arabic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic?f_ri=1709"},{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":17697,"name":"Middle Arabic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Arabic?f_ri=1709"},{"id":17699,"name":"Middle and Mixed Arabic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_and_Mixed_Arabic?f_ri=1709"},{"id":24215,"name":"Comparative Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":28210,"name":"Judeo-Arabic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judeo-Arabic?f_ri=1709"},{"id":32394,"name":"Semitic Languages (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Languages_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709"},{"id":33430,"name":"Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":49171,"name":"Arabic Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language?f_ri=1709"},{"id":56832,"name":"Judæo-Arabic and Judæo-Persian Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judaeo-Arabic_and_Judaeo-Persian_Literature?f_ri=1709"},{"id":77163,"name":"Arabic Language, Linguistics and Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_Linguistics_and_Literature?f_ri=1709"},{"id":80167,"name":"Cairo Genizah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cairo_Genizah?f_ri=1709"},{"id":101223,"name":"Medieval Jewish-Muslim Encounters, Judeo-arabic manuscripts regarding Islam, Polemics of Jewish Authors against Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Jewish-Muslim_Encounters_Judeo-arabic_manuscripts_regarding_Islam_Polemics_of_Jewish_Auth?f_ri=1709"},{"id":112082,"name":"Semitic Philology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Philology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":145566,"name":"Arabic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":154505,"name":"Judeo Arabic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judeo_Arabic?f_ri=1709"},{"id":184862,"name":"Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":292092,"name":"Judeo-Arabic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judeo-Arabic_Studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":316034,"name":"Judeo-Arabic Literature and Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judeo-Arabic_Literature_and_Culture?f_ri=1709"},{"id":369954,"name":"Judeo-Arabic Manuscripts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judeo-Arabic_Manuscripts?f_ri=1709"},{"id":402964,"name":"Judaeo-Arabic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judaeo-Arabic?f_ri=1709"},{"id":422907,"name":"Judeo-Arabic Language and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judeo-Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":571509,"name":"Arabic and Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_and_Islamic_Studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":735672,"name":"Arabic Language and Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Literature?f_ri=1709"},{"id":756882,"name":"Christian Arabic Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian_Arabic_Literature?f_ri=1709"},{"id":998451,"name":"Judaeo Arabic Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judaeo_Arabic_Literature?f_ri=1709"},{"id":1007594,"name":"Judeo Arabic Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judeo_Arabic_Literature?f_ri=1709"},{"id":1754160,"name":"Judaeo Arabic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judaeo_Arabic?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38656707" data-work_id="38656707" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38656707/Ugaritic">Ugaritic</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38656707" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="238aa6ac22038b71389a17f4ee96535a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58735866,"asset_id":38656707,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58735866/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1250658" href="https://csic.academia.edu/JuanPabloVita">Juan-Pablo Vita</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1250658" type="text/json">{"id":1250658,"first_name":"Juan-Pablo","last_name":"Vita","domain_name":"csic","page_name":"JuanPabloVita","display_name":"Juan-Pablo Vita","profile_url":"https://csic.academia.edu/JuanPabloVita?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1250658/457933/5070925/s65_juan-pablo.vita.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38656707 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38656707"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38656707, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38656707", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_38656707 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38656707; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_38656707"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_38656707 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38656707"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38656707; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38656707]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38656707").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38656707").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38656707"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3034" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics">Comparative Semitic Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3034" type="text/json">{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11986" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ugaritic_Language">Ugaritic Language</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11986" type="text/json">{"id":11986,"name":"Ugaritic Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ugaritic_Language?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17936" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East">Ancient Near East</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17936" type="text/json">{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38656707]'), work: {"id":38656707,"title":"Ugaritic","created_at":"2019-03-28T14:15:56.254-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38656707/Ugaritic?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_38656707","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58735866,"asset_id":38656707,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1250658,"first_name":"Juan-Pablo","last_name":"Vita","domain_name":"csic","page_name":"JuanPabloVita","display_name":"Juan-Pablo Vita","profile_url":"https://csic.academia.edu/JuanPabloVita?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1250658/457933/5070925/s65_juan-pablo.vita.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":11986,"name":"Ugaritic Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ugaritic_Language?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":20182,"name":"Ancient Near Eastern Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_Eastern_Languages?f_ri=1709"},{"id":24215,"name":"Comparative Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":32065,"name":"Hebrew Bible and Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_and_Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=1709"},{"id":32394,"name":"Semitic Languages (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Languages_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709"},{"id":33430,"name":"Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":34790,"name":"Ugaritic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ugaritic_Studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":36714,"name":"Ugaritic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ugaritic?f_ri=1709"},{"id":38808,"name":"Northwest Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Northwest_Semitics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":38810,"name":"Ugaritic (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ugaritic_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709"},{"id":44542,"name":"Ancient Near Eastern History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_Eastern_History?f_ri=1709"},{"id":49052,"name":"History and Archaeology of the Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_and_Archaeology_of_the_Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=1709"},{"id":100357,"name":"Ancient Near Eastern Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_Eastern_Studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":112082,"name":"Semitic Philology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Philology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":265018,"name":"Ugaritic Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ugaritic_Literature?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37023999 coauthored" data-work_id="37023999" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37023999/Arabic_in_Contact">Arabic in Contact</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The present volume provides an overview of current trends in the study of language contact involving Arabic. By drawing on the social factors that have converged to create different contact situations, it explores both contact-induced... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37023999" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The present volume provides an overview of current trends in the study of language contact involving Arabic. By drawing on the social factors that have converged to create different contact situations, it explores both contact-induced change in Arabic and language change through contact with Arabic. The volume brings together leading scholars who address a variety of topics related to contact-induced change, the emergence of contact languages, codeswitching, as well as language ideologies in contact situations. It offers insights from different theoretical approaches in connection with research fields such as descriptive and historical linguistics, sociolinguistics, ethnolinguistics, and language acquisition. It provides the general linguistic public with an updated, cutting edge overview and appreciation of themes and problems in Arabic linguistics and sociolinguists alike.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37023999" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="11695fd3bed52a3da9302ae71f93c3b0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57126843,"asset_id":37023999,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57126843/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="734714" href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/StefanoManfredi">Stefano Manfredi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="734714" type="text/json">{"id":734714,"first_name":"Stefano","last_name":"Manfredi","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"StefanoManfredi","display_name":"Stefano Manfredi","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/StefanoManfredi?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/734714/250895/16029444/s65_stefano.manfredi.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-37023999">+8</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-37023999"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://inalco.academia.edu/BrunoHerin">Bruno Herin</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://inalco.academia.edu/DominiqueCaubet">Dominique Caubet</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/CatherineTaineCheikh">Catherine Taine-Cheikh</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/AshrafHassan104">Ashraf Hassan</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://iuo.academia.edu/LucaDAnna">Luca D'Anna</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/NicolasQuint">Nicolas Quint</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://osaka-u.academia.edu/ShuichiroNakao">Shuichiro Nakao</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://uni-bayreuth.academia.edu/ValentinaSerreli">Valentina Serreli</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-37023999'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-37023999').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37023999 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37023999"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37023999, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37023999", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_37023999 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37023999; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_37023999"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_37023999 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37023999"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37023999; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37023999]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37023999").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37023999").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37023999"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1205" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contact_Linguistics">Contact Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1205" type="text/json">{"id":1205,"name":"Contact Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contact_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1207" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics">Historical Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1207" type="text/json">{"id":1207,"name":"Historical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2524" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics">Sociolinguistics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2524" type="text/json">{"id":2524,"name":"Sociolinguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37023999]'), work: {"id":37023999,"title":"Arabic in Contact","created_at":"2018-07-11T01:23:35.815-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37023999/Arabic_in_Contact?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_37023999","summary":"The present volume provides an overview of current trends in the study of language contact involving Arabic. By drawing on the social factors that have converged to create different contact situations, it explores both contact-induced change in Arabic and language change through contact with Arabic. The volume brings together leading scholars who address a variety of topics related to contact-induced change, the emergence of contact languages, codeswitching, as well as language ideologies in contact situations. It offers insights from different theoretical approaches in connection with research fields such as descriptive and historical linguistics, sociolinguistics, ethnolinguistics, and language acquisition. It provides the general linguistic public with an updated, cutting edge overview and appreciation of themes and problems in Arabic linguistics and sociolinguists alike.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57126843,"asset_id":37023999,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":734714,"first_name":"Stefano","last_name":"Manfredi","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"StefanoManfredi","display_name":"Stefano Manfredi","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/StefanoManfredi?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/734714/250895/16029444/s65_stefano.manfredi.jpg"},{"id":911915,"first_name":"Bruno","last_name":"Herin","domain_name":"inalco","page_name":"BrunoHerin","display_name":"Bruno Herin","profile_url":"https://inalco.academia.edu/BrunoHerin?f_ri=1709","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":9639671,"first_name":"Dominique","last_name":"Caubet","domain_name":"inalco","page_name":"DominiqueCaubet","display_name":"Dominique Caubet","profile_url":"https://inalco.academia.edu/DominiqueCaubet?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9639671/3213471/3781702/s65_dominique.caubet.jpg"},{"id":917776,"first_name":"Catherine","last_name":"Taine-Cheikh","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"CatherineTaineCheikh","display_name":"Catherine Taine-Cheikh","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/CatherineTaineCheikh?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/917776/431993/534797/s65_catherine.taine-cheikh.jpg"},{"id":361781,"first_name":"Ashraf","last_name":"Hassan","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AshrafHassan104","display_name":"Ashraf Hassan","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AshrafHassan104?f_ri=1709","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":1284018,"first_name":"Luca","last_name":"D'Anna","domain_name":"iuo","page_name":"LucaDAnna","display_name":"Luca D'Anna","profile_url":"https://iuo.academia.edu/LucaDAnna?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1284018/6425590/7268042/s65_luca.d_anna.jpg"},{"id":1285716,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Quint","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"NicolasQuint","display_name":"Nicolas Quint","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/NicolasQuint?f_ri=1709","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":1200025,"first_name":"Shuichiro","last_name":"Nakao","domain_name":"osaka-u","page_name":"ShuichiroNakao","display_name":"Shuichiro Nakao","profile_url":"https://osaka-u.academia.edu/ShuichiroNakao?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1200025/430633/30143883/s65_shuichiro.nakao.jpg"},{"id":2656340,"first_name":"Valentina","last_name":"Serreli","domain_name":"uni-bayreuth","page_name":"ValentinaSerreli","display_name":"Valentina Serreli","profile_url":"https://uni-bayreuth.academia.edu/ValentinaSerreli?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2656340/848477/18896532/s65_valentina.serreli.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1205,"name":"Contact Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contact_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1207,"name":"Historical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":2524,"name":"Sociolinguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":2722,"name":"Arabic Language and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":8998,"name":"Pidgins \u0026 Creoles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pidgins_and_Creoles?f_ri=1709"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":17700,"name":"Arabic Dialects","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Dialects?f_ri=1709"},{"id":19839,"name":"Africa Niger-Congo Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Africa_Niger-Congo_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":22086,"name":"Cushitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cushitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":36467,"name":"Language Ideologies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Ideologies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":47268,"name":"Bilingualism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bilingualism?f_ri=1709"},{"id":50651,"name":"Arabic Dialectology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Dialectology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":101410,"name":"Codeswitching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Codeswitching?f_ri=1709"},{"id":282098,"name":"Berber Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Berber_Languages?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_27152550" data-work_id="27152550" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27152550/Cosmotesque_code_to_know_of_meanings">Cosmotesque code: to know of meanings</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The art of Italian craftsmen Cosmati, who created unique mosaic production at XII and XIII centuries in Rome and its environments, had delighted people over centuries. The filigree technique of the stonework, polychrome, and diversity of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_27152550" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The art of Italian craftsmen Cosmati, who created unique mosaic production at XII and XIII centuries in Rome and its environments, had delighted people over centuries. The filigree technique of the stonework, polychrome, and diversity of geometrical figures and difficulties of composition demonstrate their undoubted ecstatic value. From the beginning of the 19th century, however, the opinions, that craftsmen Cosmati used not only abstract formation but also enciphered language of symbols, were firstly express. Author of this work investigates style elements of Cosmatesque as sole system, trying to answer on the question about the possibility of existence of symbolic Cosmati language, representing important religious meanings, or this is just the part of art of the decoration of space. In addition, if it exist, is it any possibility to read it. By the starting point of work, there was the writing on the mosaic floors of Cosmatesque in Westminster Abbey, creating in 1272 year, which contains the exact date of the end of the world.<br />Keywords: intercultural communication, Cosmatesque, craftsmen Cosmati, mosaic, bricklayers, mosaicists, Middle Ages, Medieval Italy, architectural style, Rome, Montekassino, the history of art, terminology, the history of religion, early Christianity, Catholicism, symbolism, semantics of religious symbols, semiotics, semiology<br /><br />Column: Intercultural Communication and Problems of Globalization: Psycho-, Socio- and Ethnolinguistics<br /><br />DOI: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/langt.2016030210" rel="nofollow">http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/langt.2016030210</a></div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/27152550" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8305b2c18f166003c34bb63f2bc68bf3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47402332,"asset_id":27152550,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47402332/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33993487" href="https://independentresearcher.academia.edu/IgorTsykunov">Igor Tsykunov</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33993487" type="text/json">{"id":33993487,"first_name":"Igor","last_name":"Tsykunov","domain_name":"independentresearcher","page_name":"IgorTsykunov","display_name":"Igor Tsykunov","profile_url":"https://independentresearcher.academia.edu/IgorTsykunov?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33993487/10507175/18409208/s65_igor.tsykunov.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_27152550 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="27152550"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27152550, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_27152550", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_27152550 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27152550; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_27152550"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_27152550 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27152550"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27152550; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27152550]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_27152550").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_27152550").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="27152550"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">19</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="98" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semiotics">Semiotics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="98" type="text/json">{"id":98,"name":"Semiotics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semiotics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="902" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_Of_Religion">Philosophy Of Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="902" type="text/json">{"id":902,"name":"Philosophy Of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_Of_Religion?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="915" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_History">Art History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="915" type="text/json">{"id":915,"name":"Art History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_History?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1372" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architecture">Architecture</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1372" type="text/json">{"id":1372,"name":"Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architecture?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=27152550]'), work: {"id":27152550,"title":"Cosmotesque code: to know of meanings","created_at":"2016-07-21T06:03:03.188-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/27152550/Cosmotesque_code_to_know_of_meanings?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_27152550","summary":"The art of Italian craftsmen Cosmati, who created unique mosaic production at XII and XIII centuries in Rome and its environments, had delighted people over centuries. The filigree technique of the stonework, polychrome, and diversity of geometrical figures and difficulties of composition demonstrate their undoubted ecstatic value. From the beginning of the 19th century, however, the opinions, that craftsmen Cosmati used not only abstract formation but also enciphered language of symbols, were firstly express. Author of this work investigates style elements of Cosmatesque as sole system, trying to answer on the question about the possibility of existence of symbolic Cosmati language, representing important religious meanings, or this is just the part of art of the decoration of space. In addition, if it exist, is it any possibility to read it. By the starting point of work, there was the writing on the mosaic floors of Cosmatesque in Westminster Abbey, creating in 1272 year, which contains the exact date of the end of the world.\nKeywords: intercultural communication, Cosmatesque, craftsmen Cosmati, mosaic, bricklayers, mosaicists, Middle Ages, Medieval Italy, architectural style, Rome, Montekassino, the history of art, terminology, the history of religion, early Christianity, Catholicism, symbolism, semantics of religious symbols, semiotics, semiology\n\nColumn: Intercultural Communication and Problems of Globalization: Psycho-, Socio- and Ethnolinguistics\n\nDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/langt.2016030210","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47402332,"asset_id":27152550,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33993487,"first_name":"Igor","last_name":"Tsykunov","domain_name":"independentresearcher","page_name":"IgorTsykunov","display_name":"Igor Tsykunov","profile_url":"https://independentresearcher.academia.edu/IgorTsykunov?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33993487/10507175/18409208/s65_igor.tsykunov.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":98,"name":"Semiotics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semiotics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":902,"name":"Philosophy Of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_Of_Religion?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":915,"name":"Art History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_History?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1372,"name":"Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architecture?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1386,"name":"Art Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_Theory?f_ri=1709"},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709"},{"id":2059,"name":"History of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Religion?f_ri=1709"},{"id":3903,"name":"Cultural Semiotics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Semiotics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":10695,"name":"Catholic Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Catholic_Theology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":48550,"name":"Religious Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religious_Studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":81894,"name":"Middle Ages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Ages?f_ri=1709"},{"id":95130,"name":"Semiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semiology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":105881,"name":"Byzantine Mosaics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Byzantine_Mosaics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":119395,"name":"Semiología","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semiolog%C3%ADa?f_ri=1709"},{"id":163799,"name":"Roman Mosaics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Mosaics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":257031,"name":"Art and Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_and_Religion?f_ri=1709"},{"id":346240,"name":"Cosmati","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cosmati?f_ri=1709"},{"id":482620,"name":"Catolicismo","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Catolicismo?f_ri=1709"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_321769" data-work_id="321769" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/321769/La_repr%C3%A9sentation_de_la_main_dans_Les_gravures_rupestres">La représentation de la main dans Les gravures rupestres</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/321769" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="adf7fc72760297c4e23f80a5c18078ea" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":1594156,"asset_id":321769,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/1594156/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="244857" href="https://univ-tlse2.academia.edu/SabaFARES">Saba FARES</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="244857" type="text/json">{"id":244857,"first_name":"Saba","last_name":"FARES","domain_name":"univ-tlse2","page_name":"SabaFARES","display_name":"Saba FARES","profile_url":"https://univ-tlse2.academia.edu/SabaFARES?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/244857/53079/876733/s65_saba.fares.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_321769 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="321769"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 321769, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_321769", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_321769 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 321769; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_321769"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_321769 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="321769"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 321769; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=321769]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_321769").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_321769").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="321769"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">31</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="767" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology">Anthropology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="767" type="text/json">{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1987" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnomusicology">Ethnomusicology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1987" type="text/json">{"id":1987,"name":"Ethnomusicology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnomusicology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=321769]'), work: {"id":321769,"title":"La représentation de la main dans Les gravures rupestres","created_at":"2010-09-08T23:38:59.371-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/321769/La_repr%C3%A9sentation_de_la_main_dans_Les_gravures_rupestres?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_321769","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":1594156,"asset_id":321769,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":244857,"first_name":"Saba","last_name":"FARES","domain_name":"univ-tlse2","page_name":"SabaFARES","display_name":"Saba FARES","profile_url":"https://univ-tlse2.academia.edu/SabaFARES?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/244857/53079/876733/s65_saba.fares.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1987,"name":"Ethnomusicology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnomusicology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":2069,"name":"Primatology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primatology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":2858,"name":"Popular Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Popular_Culture?f_ri=1709"},{"id":3308,"name":"Belarusian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Belarusian_Studies?f_ri=1709"},{"id":3834,"name":"Rock Art (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rock_Art_Archaeology_?f_ri=1709"},{"id":7024,"name":"Gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender?f_ri=1709"},{"id":7610,"name":"Evolutionary Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Anthropology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":17140,"name":"Symbolic Anthropology (Anthropology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Symbolic_Anthropology_Anthropology_?f_ri=1709"},{"id":25730,"name":"Behavioral Ecology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Behavioral_Ecology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":30272,"name":"Modern human origins, Paleolithic art, rock art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_human_origins_Paleolithic_art_rock_art?f_ri=1709"},{"id":35026,"name":"Jordan (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jordan_History_?f_ri=1709"},{"id":41774,"name":"Prehistoric Rock Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_Rock_Art?f_ri=1709"},{"id":43723,"name":"Wadi Ramm","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wadi_Ramm?f_ri=1709"},{"id":44006,"name":"Identity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Identity?f_ri=1709"},{"id":48670,"name":"Rock Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rock_Art?f_ri=1709"},{"id":61127,"name":"Rock art studies, Later Stone Age archaeology, Khoisan ethnography, ethnohistory, and history, and archaeological materials analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rock_art_studies_Later_Stone_Age_archaeology_Khoisan_ethnography_ethnohistory_and_history_and_a?f_ri=1709"},{"id":120867,"name":"Arabic/Persian Manuscripts, codicology, Islamic philosophy, early Islamic history and thoughts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Persian_Manuscripts_codicology_Islamic_philosophy_early_Islamic_history_and_thoughts?f_ri=1709"},{"id":136705,"name":"Primate Infant Care","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primate_Infant_Care?f_ri=1709"},{"id":136706,"name":"Infant Handling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infant_Handling?f_ri=1709"},{"id":136707,"name":"Primate Lactation and Nursing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primate_Lactation_and_Nursing?f_ri=1709"},{"id":136708,"name":"Primate Kinship and Relatedness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primate_Kinship_and_Relatedness?f_ri=1709"},{"id":162660,"name":"Arabic language and linguistic ,History of ancient sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_language_and_linguistic_History_of_ancient_sciences?f_ri=1709"},{"id":173528,"name":"Archaeology of Jordan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_Jordan?f_ri=1709"},{"id":174941,"name":"Rock Music","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rock_Music?f_ri=1709"},{"id":185361,"name":"Palaeolithic Europe, Palaeolithic archaeology, Mesolithic archaeology, Prehistoric transitions, Environmental archaeology, Archaeozoology, Pleistocene fauna, Palaeoclimate, Refugia and recolonisation, Spatial analysis, Palaeolithic art and symbolism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Palaeolithic_Europe_Palaeolithic_archaeology_Mesolithic_archaeology_Prehistoric_transitions_Envi?f_ri=1709"},{"id":332717,"name":"Youth movements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Youth_movements?f_ri=1709"},{"id":988877,"name":"Music of Protest","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Music_of_Protest?f_ri=1709"},{"id":988880,"name":"Traditional Forms of Expression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Traditional_Forms_of_Expression?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_79452640" data-work_id="79452640" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/79452640/Political_Cartoons_as_a_Vehicle_of_Setting_Social_Agenda_The_Newspaper_Example">Political Cartoons as a Vehicle of Setting Social Agenda: The Newspaper Example</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In recent years, the cartoons genre has gained considerable research interest across disciplines; for example, communication, media studies and health sciences. More so, cartoons serve as potent source of data used to study social... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_79452640" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In recent years, the cartoons genre has gained considerable research interest across disciplines; for example, communication, media studies and health sciences. More so, cartoons serve as potent source of data used to study social phenomena. This paper aims at illustrating how political cartoons are used as a vehicle of setting social agenda in Nigerian newspapers to reorient and shape the public opinion through recurrent depictions mirroring current socio-political issues at a given period. The cartoons texts were excerpted from two major Nigerian newspapers, Daily Trust and Vanguard during the period 2007-2010. One-hundred cartoons were selected using purposive sampling technique. Fifty cartoons were taken from each newspaper magazine. Specifically, content analysis was used to identify the themes contained in the cartoons depictions. Qualitative method was used to analyze the cartoons through semiotic analysis. The analysis is mainly concerned with the interpretation of the sign system based on the connotation and denotation elements in the cartoons. The results indicated that 80% of the themes focused on substantive issues through which social agenda is set to reflect social practices in the Nigerian social political contexts. Also, the results showed that Nigerian political cartoons set social agenda by mainly encapsulating current and sensitive issues that people are much concerned about. Finally, the study has identified the lack of supportive and clearly defined theoretical background in analyzing political cartoons as a major problem in previous cartoons research. Thus, this paper contributes to the cartoon research by offering theoretical insight to the cartoon genre through agenda setting theory of media effect.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/79452640" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b27dca524092613e55d5793d1dad4113" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":86162760,"asset_id":79452640,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86162760/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33807757" href="https://upm.academia.edu/AfidaBintiMohamadAli">Assoc. Prof. Dr. Afida Mohamad Ali</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33807757" type="text/json">{"id":33807757,"first_name":"Assoc. Prof. Dr. Afida","last_name":"Mohamad Ali","domain_name":"upm","page_name":"AfidaBintiMohamadAli","display_name":"Assoc. Prof. Dr. Afida Mohamad Ali","profile_url":"https://upm.academia.edu/AfidaBintiMohamadAli?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33807757/52205901/40307794/s65_assoc._prof._dr._afida_binti_mohamad.ali.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_79452640 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="79452640"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 79452640, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_79452640", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_79452640 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 79452640; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_79452640"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_79452640 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="79452640"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 79452640; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=79452640]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_79452640").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_79452640").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="79452640"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="184" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology">Sociology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="184" type="text/json">{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="859" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communication">Communication</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="859" type="text/json">{"id":859,"name":"Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communication?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="994" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Journalism">Journalism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="994" type="text/json">{"id":994,"name":"Journalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Journalism?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1007" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_English_as_a_Second_Language">Teaching English as a Second Language</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1007" type="text/json">{"id":1007,"name":"Teaching English as a Second Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_English_as_a_Second_Language?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=79452640]'), work: {"id":79452640,"title":"Political Cartoons as a Vehicle of Setting Social Agenda: The Newspaper Example","created_at":"2022-05-19T07:33:58.172-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/79452640/Political_Cartoons_as_a_Vehicle_of_Setting_Social_Agenda_The_Newspaper_Example?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_79452640","summary":"In recent years, the cartoons genre has gained considerable research interest across disciplines; for example, communication, media studies and health sciences. More so, cartoons serve as potent source of data used to study social phenomena. This paper aims at illustrating how political cartoons are used as a vehicle of setting social agenda in Nigerian newspapers to reorient and shape the public opinion through recurrent depictions mirroring current socio-political issues at a given period. The cartoons texts were excerpted from two major Nigerian newspapers, Daily Trust and Vanguard during the period 2007-2010. One-hundred cartoons were selected using purposive sampling technique. Fifty cartoons were taken from each newspaper magazine. Specifically, content analysis was used to identify the themes contained in the cartoons depictions. Qualitative method was used to analyze the cartoons through semiotic analysis. The analysis is mainly concerned with the interpretation of the sign system based on the connotation and denotation elements in the cartoons. The results indicated that 80% of the themes focused on substantive issues through which social agenda is set to reflect social practices in the Nigerian social political contexts. Also, the results showed that Nigerian political cartoons set social agenda by mainly encapsulating current and sensitive issues that people are much concerned about. Finally, the study has identified the lack of supportive and clearly defined theoretical background in analyzing political cartoons as a major problem in previous cartoons research. Thus, this paper contributes to the cartoon research by offering theoretical insight to the cartoon genre through agenda setting theory of media effect.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":86162760,"asset_id":79452640,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33807757,"first_name":"Assoc. Prof. Dr. Afida","last_name":"Mohamad Ali","domain_name":"upm","page_name":"AfidaBintiMohamadAli","display_name":"Assoc. Prof. Dr. Afida Mohamad Ali","profile_url":"https://upm.academia.edu/AfidaBintiMohamadAli?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33807757/52205901/40307794/s65_assoc._prof._dr._afida_binti_mohamad.ali.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":859,"name":"Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communication?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":994,"name":"Journalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Journalism?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1007,"name":"Teaching English as a Second Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_English_as_a_Second_Language?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709"},{"id":3125,"name":"Genre","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genre?f_ri=1709"},{"id":3903,"name":"Cultural Semiotics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Semiotics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":4730,"name":"Mass Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mass_Communication?f_ri=1709"},{"id":5709,"name":"Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Politics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":13958,"name":"Media","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Media?f_ri=1709"},{"id":14022,"name":"Film Semiotics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Film_Semiotics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":22807,"name":"Political cartoons","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_cartoons?f_ri=1709"},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary?f_ri=1709"},{"id":33863,"name":"Social Semiotics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Semiotics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":45036,"name":"Mass media","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mass_media?f_ri=1709"},{"id":54489,"name":"Newspapers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Newspapers?f_ri=1709"},{"id":95130,"name":"Semiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semiology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":131567,"name":"Newspaper","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Newspaper?f_ri=1709"},{"id":137020,"name":"Semiotica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semiotica?f_ri=1709"},{"id":343010,"name":"Semiotika Roland Barthes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semiotika_Roland_Barthes?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38729134" data-work_id="38729134" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38729134/Grammaire_compar%C3%A9e_des_langues_s%C3%A9mitiques_%C3%89l%C3%A9ments_de_phon%C3%A9tique_de_morphologie_et_de_syntaxe">Grammaire comparée des langues sémitiques. Éléments de phonétique, de morphologie et de syntaxe</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">par Jean-Claude Haelewyck. — Le but de l’étude comparée des langues sémitiques est de retrouver les traits (phonologiques, morphologiques et syntaxiques) les plus primitifs du sémitique, à partir de l’étude des formes attestées dans... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38729134" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">par Jean-Claude Haelewyck.<br />—<br />Le but de l’étude comparée des langues sémitiques est de retrouver les traits (phonologiques, morphologiques et syntaxiques) les plus primitifs du sémitique, à partir de l’étude des formes attestées dans chaque langue, pour mieux préciser la position historique de chaque langue dans l’ensemble, et obtenir une meilleure compréhension des phénomènes de transformation.<br /><br />Langues<br /><br />Les principales langues concernées sont l’accadien, l’ugaritique, l’hébreu, l’araméen dans toute sa variété, l’arabe, le sud-arabe épigraphique, le sud-arabique moderne et l’éthiopien. Pour autant, le paléo-syrien, l’amorite, le phénicien et le moabite ne sont pas en reste. Tous les textes sont en transcription et accompagnés d’une traduction.<br /><br />Public cible<br /><br />Rédigé dans un style clair qui évite tout jargon, l’ouvrage est destiné à tous ceux qui s’intéressent aux langues sémitiques, qu’ils soient enseignants, chercheurs, étudiants ou curieux passionnés.<br /><br />L'auteur<br /><br />Jean-Claude Haelewyck, diplômé de l'Ecole Biblique et Archéologique Française de Jérusalem, est Directeur de Recherche au Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique et professeur à l'Université de Louvain. Il y a d'abord enseigné l'hébreu, puis l'araméen, le phénicien, l'ougaritique, ainsi que la grammaire comparée des langues sémitiques. <br />Il est connu au niveau international par ses éditions de textes syriaques : il a publié dans le Corpus Christianorum quatre volumes des versions syriaques des œuvres de Grégoire de Nazianze, et dans Le Muséon des éditions de textes apocryphes. On le connaît aussi par ses travaux d'édition des vieilles versions latines de la Bible (en collaboration avec le Vetus Latina Institut, Beuron, Allemagne) : il a achevé celles du livre d'Esther et a entamé celles de l'évangile de Marc.<br /><br />Détails et table des matières sur <a href="http://www.safran.be/proddetail.php?prod=LCA24" rel="nofollow">http://www.safran.be/proddetail.php?prod=LCA24</a></div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38729134" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="af6845beccd1fc6dac4d873fa78020f5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58814805,"asset_id":38729134,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58814805/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="20651663" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SafranBruxelles">Éditions Safran Publishers</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="20651663" type="text/json">{"id":20651663,"first_name":"Éditions","last_name":"Safran Publishers","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SafranBruxelles","display_name":"Éditions Safran Publishers","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SafranBruxelles?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/20651663/25103148/36238413/s65__ditions.safran_publishers.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38729134 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38729134"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38729134, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38729134", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_38729134 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38729134; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_38729134"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_38729134 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38729134"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38729134; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38729134]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38729134").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38729134").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38729134"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3034" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics">Comparative Semitic Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3034" type="text/json">{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24215" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitics">Comparative Semitics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="24215" type="text/json">{"id":24215,"name":"Comparative Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32394" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Languages_Languages_And_Linguistics_">Semitic Languages (Languages And Linguistics)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="32394" type="text/json">{"id":32394,"name":"Semitic Languages (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Languages_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38729134]'), work: {"id":38729134,"title":"Grammaire comparée des langues sémitiques. Éléments de phonétique, de morphologie et de syntaxe","created_at":"2019-04-06T14:59:33.505-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38729134/Grammaire_compar%C3%A9e_des_langues_s%C3%A9mitiques_%C3%89l%C3%A9ments_de_phon%C3%A9tique_de_morphologie_et_de_syntaxe?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_38729134","summary":"par Jean-Claude Haelewyck.\n—\nLe but de l’étude comparée des langues sémitiques est de retrouver les traits (phonologiques, morphologiques et syntaxiques) les plus primitifs du sémitique, à partir de l’étude des formes attestées dans chaque langue, pour mieux préciser la position historique de chaque langue dans l’ensemble, et obtenir une meilleure compréhension des phénomènes de transformation.\n\nLangues\n\nLes principales langues concernées sont l’accadien, l’ugaritique, l’hébreu, l’araméen dans toute sa variété, l’arabe, le sud-arabe épigraphique, le sud-arabique moderne et l’éthiopien. Pour autant, le paléo-syrien, l’amorite, le phénicien et le moabite ne sont pas en reste. Tous les textes sont en transcription et accompagnés d’une traduction.\n\nPublic cible\n\nRédigé dans un style clair qui évite tout jargon, l’ouvrage est destiné à tous ceux qui s’intéressent aux langues sémitiques, qu’ils soient enseignants, chercheurs, étudiants ou curieux passionnés.\n\nL'auteur\n\nJean-Claude Haelewyck, diplômé de l'Ecole Biblique et Archéologique Française de Jérusalem, est Directeur de Recherche au Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique et professeur à l'Université de Louvain. Il y a d'abord enseigné l'hébreu, puis l'araméen, le phénicien, l'ougaritique, ainsi que la grammaire comparée des langues sémitiques. \nIl est connu au niveau international par ses éditions de textes syriaques : il a publié dans le Corpus Christianorum quatre volumes des versions syriaques des œuvres de Grégoire de Nazianze, et dans Le Muséon des éditions de textes apocryphes. On le connaît aussi par ses travaux d'édition des vieilles versions latines de la Bible (en collaboration avec le Vetus Latina Institut, Beuron, Allemagne) : il a achevé celles du livre d'Esther et a entamé celles de l'évangile de Marc.\n\nDétails et table des matières sur http://www.safran.be/proddetail.php?prod=LCA24","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58814805,"asset_id":38729134,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":20651663,"first_name":"Éditions","last_name":"Safran Publishers","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SafranBruxelles","display_name":"Éditions Safran Publishers","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SafranBruxelles?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/20651663/25103148/36238413/s65__ditions.safran_publishers.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":24215,"name":"Comparative Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":32394,"name":"Semitic Languages (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Languages_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":33430,"name":"Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":112082,"name":"Semitic Philology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_Philology?f_ri=1709"},{"id":1032047,"name":"Langues Sémitiques Anciennes (Hebreu, Araméen, Akadien Etc.)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Langues_Semitiques_Anciennes_Hebreu_Arameen_Akadien_Etc._?f_ri=1709"},{"id":2656866,"name":"Langues anciennes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Langues_anciennes?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_19569990" data-work_id="19569990" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/19569990/The_Syntactic_Status_of_Verb_Forms_Ending_with_a_Final_Nun_in_the_First_Temple_Prose_Hebrew_">The Syntactic Status of Verb Forms Ending with a Final Nun in the First Temple Prose [Hebrew]</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The present article delves into the syntactic role of Biblical Hebrew verb forms with an inflected prefix and the suffix final nun. In the research literature, there are two central arguments concerning this phenomenon. As per the first... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_19569990" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The present article delves into the syntactic role of Biblical Hebrew verb forms with an inflected prefix and the suffix final nun. In the research literature, there are two central arguments concerning this phenomenon. As per the first camp, the final nun underwent a process of erosion. Consequently, its distinction vis-à-vis the suffix final -0 lapsed to the point where the two became free variants. The other school of thought claims that there remains a functional syntactic difference between the two suffixes in the Biblical Hebrew. By formulating a new analytical framework, the author builds on the second hypothesis. Aside for the final nun’s prevalent uses in dependent clauses marked by a subordinating conjunction, this suffix appears in a wide array of clauses in which it signifies the verb as a non-innovative element in the sphere of the message. In this paper, the nexus between these two usages is theoretically bolstered by a typological comparison of the various fields that host different subjunctive categories in different Semitic languages.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/19569990" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="811cf11e322fe6830fc46c98cb82ab9f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40704440,"asset_id":19569990,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40704440/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3198070" href="https://haifa.academia.edu/OhadCohen">Ohad Cohen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3198070" type="text/json">{"id":3198070,"first_name":"Ohad","last_name":"Cohen","domain_name":"haifa","page_name":"OhadCohen","display_name":"Ohad Cohen","profile_url":"https://haifa.academia.edu/OhadCohen?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3198070/11006991/12283475/s65_ohad.cohen.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_19569990 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="19569990"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 19569990, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_19569990", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_19569990 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 19569990; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_19569990"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_19569990 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="19569990"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 19569990; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=19569990]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_19569990").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_19569990").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="19569990"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1200" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics">Languages and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1200" type="text/json">{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1207" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics">Historical Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1207" type="text/json">{"id":1207,"name":"Historical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2063" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language">Hebrew Language</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2063" type="text/json">{"id":2063,"name":"Hebrew Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=19569990]'), work: {"id":19569990,"title":"The Syntactic Status of Verb Forms Ending with a Final Nun in the First Temple Prose [Hebrew]","created_at":"2015-12-08T23:08:29.092-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/19569990/The_Syntactic_Status_of_Verb_Forms_Ending_with_a_Final_Nun_in_the_First_Temple_Prose_Hebrew_?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_19569990","summary":"The present article delves into the syntactic role of Biblical Hebrew verb forms with an inflected prefix and the suffix final nun. In the research literature, there are two central arguments concerning this phenomenon. As per the first camp, the final nun underwent a process of erosion. Consequently, its distinction vis-à-vis the suffix final -0 lapsed to the point where the two became free variants. The other school of thought claims that there remains a functional syntactic difference between the two suffixes in the Biblical Hebrew. By formulating a new analytical framework, the author builds on the second hypothesis. Aside for the final nun’s prevalent uses in dependent clauses marked by a subordinating conjunction, this suffix appears in a wide array of clauses in which it signifies the verb as a non-innovative element in the sphere of the message. In this paper, the nexus between these two usages is theoretically bolstered by a typological comparison of the various fields that host different subjunctive categories in different Semitic languages.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40704440,"asset_id":19569990,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3198070,"first_name":"Ohad","last_name":"Cohen","domain_name":"haifa","page_name":"OhadCohen","display_name":"Ohad Cohen","profile_url":"https://haifa.academia.edu/OhadCohen?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3198070/11006991/12283475/s65_ohad.cohen.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1207,"name":"Historical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":2063,"name":"Hebrew Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":4173,"name":"Hebrew Bible","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible?f_ri=1709"},{"id":6671,"name":"Syntax","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syntax?f_ri=1709"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":17928,"name":"Ancient Hebrew","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Hebrew?f_ri=1709"},{"id":32992,"name":"Biblical Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709"},{"id":75811,"name":"Dead Sea Scrolls","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dead_Sea_Scrolls?f_ri=1709"},{"id":95162,"name":"Grammar","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Grammar?f_ri=1709"},{"id":445280,"name":"Hebrew Bible/Old Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_Old_Testament?f_ri=1709"},{"id":541263,"name":"Comperative Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comperative_Linguistics?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36713607 coauthored" data-work_id="36713607" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36713607/Biblical_Hebrew_in_Context_Essays_in_Semitics_and_Old_Testament_Texts_in_Honour_of_Professor_Jan_P_Lettinga_Oudtestamentische_Studi%C3%ABn_74_">Biblical Hebrew in Context: Essays in Semitics and Old Testament Texts in Honour of Professor Jan P. Lettinga (Oudtestamentische Studiën, 74)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A late Festschrift for Professor Jan P. Lettinga (1921), presented to him on 24 May 2018 (a dummy based on the first proofs) and published on 9 August in the series Oudtestamentische Studiën. With a biographical sketch and bibliography of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36713607" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A late Festschrift for Professor Jan P. Lettinga (1921), presented to him on 24 May 2018 (a dummy based on the first proofs) and published on 9 August in the series Oudtestamentische Studiën. With a biographical sketch and bibliography of Lettinga, and contributions by K.R. Veenhof, W.H.Ph. Römer, T. Muraoka, W.Th. van Peursen & M.F.J. Baasten, W.H. Rose, K. van Bekkum, W.A.M. Beuken, J. Dekker, H.G.L. Peels, G. Kwakkel, J.J.T. Doedens. <br />Hereby the contents and the pre-proof version of the biographical chapter.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36713607" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e921e473adfe60d78ba96bbc32272b0b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56654248,"asset_id":36713607,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56654248/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2595050" href="https://etfleuven.academia.edu/KoertvanBekkum">Koert van Bekkum</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2595050" type="text/json">{"id":2595050,"first_name":"Koert","last_name":"van Bekkum","domain_name":"etfleuven","page_name":"KoertvanBekkum","display_name":"Koert van Bekkum","profile_url":"https://etfleuven.academia.edu/KoertvanBekkum?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2595050/816920/97785444/s65_koert.van_bekkum.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-36713607">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-36713607"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/Kwakkel">Gert Kwakkel</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://tukampen.academia.edu/WolterRose">Wolter Rose</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-36713607'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-36713607').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36713607 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36713607"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36713607, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36713607", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_36713607 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36713607; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_36713607"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_36713607 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36713607"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36713607; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36713607]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_36713607").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_36713607").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="36713607"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32992" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_">Biblical Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="32992" type="text/json">{"id":32992,"name":"Biblical Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="445280" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_Old_Testament">Hebrew Bible/Old Testament</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="445280" type="text/json">{"id":445280,"name":"Hebrew Bible/Old Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_Old_Testament?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=36713607]'), work: {"id":36713607,"title":"Biblical Hebrew in Context: Essays in Semitics and Old Testament Texts in Honour of Professor Jan P. Lettinga (Oudtestamentische Studiën, 74)","created_at":"2018-05-25T08:22:27.561-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/36713607/Biblical_Hebrew_in_Context_Essays_in_Semitics_and_Old_Testament_Texts_in_Honour_of_Professor_Jan_P_Lettinga_Oudtestamentische_Studi%C3%ABn_74_?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_36713607","summary":"A late Festschrift for Professor Jan P. Lettinga (1921), presented to him on 24 May 2018 (a dummy based on the first proofs) and published on 9 August in the series Oudtestamentische Studiën. With a biographical sketch and bibliography of Lettinga, and contributions by K.R. Veenhof, W.H.Ph. Römer, T. Muraoka, W.Th. van Peursen \u0026 M.F.J. Baasten, W.H. Rose, K. van Bekkum, W.A.M. Beuken, J. Dekker, H.G.L. Peels, G. Kwakkel, J.J.T. Doedens.\r\nHereby the contents and the pre-proof version of the biographical chapter.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56654248,"asset_id":36713607,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2595050,"first_name":"Koert","last_name":"van Bekkum","domain_name":"etfleuven","page_name":"KoertvanBekkum","display_name":"Koert van Bekkum","profile_url":"https://etfleuven.academia.edu/KoertvanBekkum?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2595050/816920/97785444/s65_koert.van_bekkum.jpg"},{"id":72691968,"first_name":"Gert","last_name":"Kwakkel","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"Kwakkel","display_name":"Gert Kwakkel","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Kwakkel?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/72691968/24907837/28807653/s65_gert.kwakkel.jpg"},{"id":553274,"first_name":"Wolter","last_name":"Rose","domain_name":"tukampen","page_name":"WolterRose","display_name":"Wolter Rose","profile_url":"https://tukampen.academia.edu/WolterRose?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/553274/860261/18697205/s65_wolter.rose.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":32992,"name":"Biblical Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":445280,"name":"Hebrew Bible/Old Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_Old_Testament?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9582772" data-work_id="9582772" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9582772/Early_development_of_the_West_Semitic_languages_Linguistic_history_according_to_science_and_the_Bible">Early development of the West-Semitic languages - Linguistic history according to science and the Bible</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Derives dates for a genealogical tree of the West-semitic languages. Dates provided by the Bible and science appear to line up very well.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9582772" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="72634055c4761412517abb0149f12d0b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35795009,"asset_id":9582772,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35795009/download_file?st=MTc0MDk0NjMyNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="408276" href="https://12accede.academia.edu/AndreRoosma">Andre H Roosma</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="408276" type="text/json">{"id":408276,"first_name":"Andre","last_name":"Roosma","domain_name":"12accede","page_name":"AndreRoosma","display_name":"Andre H Roosma","profile_url":"https://12accede.academia.edu/AndreRoosma?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/408276/2537926/11151551/s65_andre.roosma.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9582772 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9582772"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9582772, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9582772", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_9582772 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9582772; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_9582772"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_9582772 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9582772"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9582772; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9582772]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9582772").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9582772").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9582772"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1709" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages">Semitic languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1709" type="text/json">{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2722" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics">Arabic Language and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2722" type="text/json">{"id":2722,"name":"Arabic Language and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3034" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics">Comparative Semitic Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3034" type="text/json">{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32992" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_">Biblical Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="32992" type="text/json">{"id":32992,"name":"Biblical Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9582772]'), work: {"id":9582772,"title":"Early development of the West-Semitic languages - Linguistic history according to science and the Bible","created_at":"2014-12-01T15:29:49.619-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9582772/Early_development_of_the_West_Semitic_languages_Linguistic_history_according_to_science_and_the_Bible?f_ri=1709","dom_id":"work_9582772","summary":"Derives dates for a genealogical tree of the West-semitic languages. Dates provided by the Bible and science appear to line up very well.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35795009,"asset_id":9582772,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":408276,"first_name":"Andre","last_name":"Roosma","domain_name":"12accede","page_name":"AndreRoosma","display_name":"Andre H Roosma","profile_url":"https://12accede.academia.edu/AndreRoosma?f_ri=1709","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/408276/2537926/11151551/s65_andre.roosma.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1709,"name":"Semitic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":2722,"name":"Arabic Language and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":3034,"name":"Comparative Semitic Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":32992,"name":"Biblical Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=1709","nofollow":true},{"id":38808,"name":"Northwest Semitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Northwest_Semitics?f_ri=1709"},{"id":445280,"name":"Hebrew Bible/Old Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_Old_Testament?f_ri=1709"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="u-taCenter Pagination"><ul class="pagination"><li class="next_page"><a href="/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?after=50%2C9582772" rel="next">Next</a></li><li class="last next"><a href="/Documents/in/Semitic_languages?page=last">Last »</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="hidden-xs hidden-sm"><div class="u-pl6x"><div style="width: 300px;"><div class="panel panel-flat u-mt7x"><div class="panel-heading u-p5x"><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-taCenter u-fw700 u-textUppercase">Related Topics</div></div><ul class="list-group"><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitic_Linguistics">Comparative Semitic Linguistics</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="3034">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="3034">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aramaic">Aramaic</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="4176">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="4176">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Semitics">Comparative Semitics</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="24215">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="24215">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Northwest_Semitic_Epigraphy">Northwest Semitic Epigraphy</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="23100">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="23100">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language">Hebrew Language</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="2063">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="2063">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_and_Ancient_Near_East">Hebrew Bible and Ancient Near East</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="32065">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="32065">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_Eastern_Languages">Ancient Near Eastern Languages</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="20182">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="20182">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East">Ancient Near East</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="17936">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="17936">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_">Biblical Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="32992">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="32992">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible">Hebrew Bible</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="4173">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="4173">Following</a></div></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div><script>// MIT License // Copyright © 2011 Sebastian Tschan, https://blueimp.net // Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of // this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in // the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to // use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of // the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, // subject to the following conditions: // The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all // copies or substantial portions of the Software. // THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR // IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS // FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR // COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER // IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN // CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. !function(n){"use strict";function d(n,t){var r=(65535&n)+(65535&t);return(n>>16)+(t>>16)+(r>>16)<<16|65535&r}function f(n,t,r,e,o,u){return d((c=d(d(t,n),d(e,u)))<<(f=o)|c>>>32-f,r);var c,f}function l(n,t,r,e,o,u,c){return f(t&r|~t&e,n,t,o,u,c)}function v(n,t,r,e,o,u,c){return f(t&e|r&~e,n,t,o,u,c)}function g(n,t,r,e,o,u,c){return f(t^r^e,n,t,o,u,c)}function m(n,t,r,e,o,u,c){return f(r^(t|~e),n,t,o,u,c)}function i(n,t){var r,e,o,u;n[t>>5]|=128<<t%32,n[14+(t+64>>>9<<4)]=t;for(var c=1732584193,f=-271733879,i=-1732584194,a=271733878,h=0;h<n.length;h+=16)c=l(r=c,e=f,o=i,u=a,n[h],7,-680876936),a=l(a,c,f,i,n[h+1],12,-389564586),i=l(i,a,c,f,n[h+2],17,606105819),f=l(f,i,a,c,n[h+3],22,-1044525330),c=l(c,f,i,a,n[h+4],7,-176418897),a=l(a,c,f,i,n[h+5],12,1200080426),i=l(i,a,c,f,n[h+6],17,-1473231341),f=l(f,i,a,c,n[h+7],22,-45705983),c=l(c,f,i,a,n[h+8],7,1770035416),a=l(a,c,f,i,n[h+9],12,-1958414417),i=l(i,a,c,f,n[h+10],17,-42063),f=l(f,i,a,c,n[h+11],22,-1990404162),c=l(c,f,i,a,n[h+12],7,1804603682),a=l(a,c,f,i,n[h+13],12,-40341101),i=l(i,a,c,f,n[h+14],17,-1502002290),c=v(c,f=l(f,i,a,c,n[h+15],22,1236535329),i,a,n[h+1],5,-165796510),a=v(a,c,f,i,n[h+6],9,-1069501632),i=v(i,a,c,f,n[h+11],14,643717713),f=v(f,i,a,c,n[h],20,-373897302),c=v(c,f,i,a,n[h+5],5,-701558691),a=v(a,c,f,i,n[h+10],9,38016083),i=v(i,a,c,f,n[h+15],14,-660478335),f=v(f,i,a,c,n[h+4],20,-405537848),c=v(c,f,i,a,n[h+9],5,568446438),a=v(a,c,f,i,n[h+14],9,-1019803690),i=v(i,a,c,f,n[h+3],14,-187363961),f=v(f,i,a,c,n[h+8],20,1163531501),c=v(c,f,i,a,n[h+13],5,-1444681467),a=v(a,c,f,i,n[h+2],9,-51403784),i=v(i,a,c,f,n[h+7],14,1735328473),c=g(c,f=v(f,i,a,c,n[h+12],20,-1926607734),i,a,n[h+5],4,-378558),a=g(a,c,f,i,n[h+8],11,-2022574463),i=g(i,a,c,f,n[h+11],16,1839030562),f=g(f,i,a,c,n[h+14],23,-35309556),c=g(c,f,i,a,n[h+1],4,-1530992060),a=g(a,c,f,i,n[h+4],11,1272893353),i=g(i,a,c,f,n[h+7],16,-155497632),f=g(f,i,a,c,n[h+10],23,-1094730640),c=g(c,f,i,a,n[h+13],4,681279174),a=g(a,c,f,i,n[h],11,-358537222),i=g(i,a,c,f,n[h+3],16,-722521979),f=g(f,i,a,c,n[h+6],23,76029189),c=g(c,f,i,a,n[h+9],4,-640364487),a=g(a,c,f,i,n[h+12],11,-421815835),i=g(i,a,c,f,n[h+15],16,530742520),c=m(c,f=g(f,i,a,c,n[h+2],23,-995338651),i,a,n[h],6,-198630844),a=m(a,c,f,i,n[h+7],10,1126891415),i=m(i,a,c,f,n[h+14],15,-1416354905),f=m(f,i,a,c,n[h+5],21,-57434055),c=m(c,f,i,a,n[h+12],6,1700485571),a=m(a,c,f,i,n[h+3],10,-1894986606),i=m(i,a,c,f,n[h+10],15,-1051523),f=m(f,i,a,c,n[h+1],21,-2054922799),c=m(c,f,i,a,n[h+8],6,1873313359),a=m(a,c,f,i,n[h+15],10,-30611744),i=m(i,a,c,f,n[h+6],15,-1560198380),f=m(f,i,a,c,n[h+13],21,1309151649),c=m(c,f,i,a,n[h+4],6,-145523070),a=m(a,c,f,i,n[h+11],10,-1120210379),i=m(i,a,c,f,n[h+2],15,718787259),f=m(f,i,a,c,n[h+9],21,-343485551),c=d(c,r),f=d(f,e),i=d(i,o),a=d(a,u);return[c,f,i,a]}function a(n){for(var t="",r=32*n.length,e=0;e<r;e+=8)t+=String.fromCharCode(n[e>>5]>>>e%32&255);return t}function h(n){var t=[];for(t[(n.length>>2)-1]=void 0,e=0;e<t.length;e+=1)t[e]=0;for(var r=8*n.length,e=0;e<r;e+=8)t[e>>5]|=(255&n.charCodeAt(e/8))<<e%32;return t}function e(n){for(var t,r="0123456789abcdef",e="",o=0;o<n.length;o+=1)t=n.charCodeAt(o),e+=r.charAt(t>>>4&15)+r.charAt(15&t);return e}function r(n){return unescape(encodeURIComponent(n))}function o(n){return a(i(h(t=r(n)),8*t.length));var t}function u(n,t){return function(n,t){var r,e,o=h(n),u=[],c=[];for(u[15]=c[15]=void 0,16<o.length&&(o=i(o,8*n.length)),r=0;r<16;r+=1)u[r]=909522486^o[r],c[r]=1549556828^o[r];return e=i(u.concat(h(t)),512+8*t.length),a(i(c.concat(e),640))}(r(n),r(t))}function t(n,t,r){return t?r?u(t,n):e(u(t,n)):r?o(n):e(o(n))}"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(function(){return t}):"object"==typeof module&&module.exports?module.exports=t:n.md5=t}(this);</script><script>window.AbTest = (function() { return { 'ab_test': (uniqueId, test_name, buckets) => { let override = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search).get(`ab_test[${test_name}]`); if ( override ) { return override; } const bucketNames = buckets.map((bucket) => { return typeof bucket === 'string' ? bucket : Object.keys(bucket)[0]; }); const weights = buckets.map((bucket) => { return typeof bucket === 'string' ? 1 : Object.values(bucket)[0]; }); const total = weights.reduce((sum, weight) => sum + weight); const hash = md5(`${uniqueId}${test_name}`); const hashNum = parseInt(hash.slice(-12), 16); let bucketPoint = total * (hashNum % 100000) / 100000; const bucket = bucketNames.find((_, i) => { if (weights[i] > bucketPoint) { return true; } bucketPoint -= weights[i]; return false; }); return bucket; } }; })();</script><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><script>function onGoogleOneTapEvent(event) { var momentType = event.getMomentType(); var momentReason = null; if (event.isNotDisplayed()) { momentReason = event.getNotDisplayedReason(); } else if (event.isSkippedMoment()) { momentReason = event.getSkippedReason(); } else if (event.isDismissedMoment()) { momentReason = event.getDismissedReason(); } Aedu.arbitraryEvents.write('GoogleOneTapEvent', { moment_type: momentType, moment_reason: momentReason, }); }</script><script>(function() { var auvid = unescape( document.cookie .split(/; ?/) .find((s) => s.startsWith('auvid')) .substring(6)); var bucket = AbTest.ab_test(auvid, 'lo_ri_one_tap_google_sign_on', ['control', 'one_tap_google_sign_on']); if (bucket === 'control') return; var oneTapTag = document.createElement('script') oneTapTag.async = true oneTapTag.defer = true oneTapTag.src = 'https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client' document.body.appendChild(oneTapTag) })();</script></div></div></div> </div> <div class="bootstrap login"><div class="modal fade login-modal" id="login-modal"><div class="login-modal-dialog modal-dialog"><div class="modal-content"><div class="modal-header"><button class="close close" data-dismiss="modal" type="button"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span><span class="sr-only">Close</span></button><h4 class="modal-title text-center"><strong>Log In</strong></h4></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><button class="btn btn-fb btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-facebook-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 19px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="facebook-square" class="svg-inline--fa fa-facebook-square fa-w-14" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M400 32H48A48 48 0 0 0 0 80v352a48 48 0 0 0 48 48h137.25V327.69h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.27c-30.81 0-40.42 19.12-40.42 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V480H400a48 48 0 0 0 48-48V80a48 48 0 0 0-48-48z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Facebook</strong></small></button><br /><button class="btn btn-google btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-google-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 22px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="google-plus" class="svg-inline--fa fa-google-plus fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M256,8C119.1,8,8,119.1,8,256S119.1,504,256,504,504,392.9,504,256,392.9,8,256,8ZM185.3,380a124,124,0,0,1,0-248c31.3,0,60.1,11,83,32.3l-33.6,32.6c-13.2-12.9-31.3-19.1-49.4-19.1-42.9,0-77.2,35.5-77.2,78.1S142.3,334,185.3,334c32.6,0,64.9-19.1,70.1-53.3H185.3V238.1H302.2a109.2,109.2,0,0,1,1.9,20.7c0,70.8-47.5,121.2-118.8,121.2ZM415.5,273.8v35.5H380V273.8H344.5V238.3H380V202.8h35.5v35.5h35.2v35.5Z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Google</strong></small></button><br /><style type="text/css">.sign-in-with-apple-button { width: 100%; height: 52px; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid black; cursor: pointer; } .sign-in-with-apple-button > div { margin: 0 auto; / This centers the Apple-rendered button horizontally }</style><script src="https://appleid.cdn-apple.com/appleauth/static/jsapi/appleid/1/en_US/appleid.auth.js" type="text/javascript"></script><div class="sign-in-with-apple-button" data-border="false" data-color="white" id="appleid-signin"><span   ="Sign Up with Apple" class="u-fs11"></span></div><script>AppleID.auth.init({ clientId: 'edu.academia.applesignon', scope: 'name email', redirectURI: 'https://www.academia.edu/sessions', state: "3d06608d1bd177a08440078e124726ab3825b50f7a9560371133f900e72d882c", });</script><script>// Hacky way of checking if on fast loswp if (window.loswp == null) { (function() { const Google = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Google; const Facebook = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Facebook; if (Google) { new Google({ el: '#login-google-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } if (Facebook) { new Facebook({ el: '#login-facebook-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } })(); }</script></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><div class="hr-heading login-hr-heading"><span class="hr-heading-text">or</span></div></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><form class="js-login-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/sessions" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="iAKDREvY_EEM_BVGfvKXUlwlfF3HGYpBV4IZuGMLCnDXWFX9kw11oBiSxQe8_6o_fgZTur9EjyXfnwsvR6YAJw" autocomplete="off" /><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-email-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Email</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-email-input" name="login" type="email" /></div><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-password-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Password</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-password-input" name="password" type="password" /></div><input type="hidden" name="post_login_redirect_url" id="post_login_redirect_url" value="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semitic_languages" autocomplete="off" /><div class="checkbox"><label><input type="checkbox" name="remember_me" id="remember_me" value="1" checked="checked" /><small style="font-size: 12px; margin-top: 2px; display: inline-block;">Remember me on this computer</small></label></div><br><input type="submit" name="commit" value="Log In" class="btn btn-primary btn-block btn-lg js-login-submit" data-disable-with="Log In" /></br></form><script>typeof window?.Aedu?.recaptchaManagedForm === 'function' && window.Aedu.recaptchaManagedForm( document.querySelector('.js-login-form'), document.querySelector('.js-login-submit') );</script><small style="font-size: 12px;"><br />or <a data-target="#login-modal-reset-password-container" data-toggle="collapse" href="javascript:void(0)">reset password</a></small><div class="collapse" id="login-modal-reset-password-container"><br /><div class="well margin-0x"><form class="js-password-reset-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/reset_password" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="bGH75O3Tuf_5MieGbkJhagFz5rGrWy3UcnAN-krLOLwzOy1dNQYwHu1c98esT1wHI1DJVtMGKLD6bR9tbmYy6w" autocomplete="off" /><p>Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link.</p><div class="form-group"><input class="form-control" name="email" type="email" /></div><script src="https://recaptcha.net/recaptcha/api.js" async defer></script> <script> var invisibleRecaptchaSubmit = function () { var closestForm = function (ele) { var curEle = ele.parentNode; while (curEle.nodeName !== 'FORM' && curEle.nodeName !== 'BODY'){ curEle = curEle.parentNode; } return curEle.nodeName === 'FORM' ? curEle : null }; var eles = document.getElementsByClassName('g-recaptcha'); if (eles.length > 0) { var form = closestForm(eles[0]); if (form) { form.submit(); } } }; </script> <input type="submit" data-sitekey="6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj" data-callback="invisibleRecaptchaSubmit" class="g-recaptcha btn btn-primary btn-block" value="Email me a link" value=""/> </form></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/collapse-45805421cf446ca5adf7aaa1935b08a3a8d1d9a6cc5d91a62a2a3a00b20b3e6a.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $("#login-modal-reset-password-container").on("shown.bs.collapse", function() { $(this).find("input[type=email]").focus(); }); }); </script> </div></div></div><div class="modal-footer"><div class="text-center"><small style="font-size: 12px;">Need an account? <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Click here to sign up</a></small></div></div></div></div></div></div><script>// If we are on subdomain or non-bootstrapped page, redirect to login page instead of showing modal (function(){ if (typeof $ === 'undefined') return; var host = window.location.hostname; if ((host === $domain || host === "www."+$domain) && (typeof $().modal === 'function')) { $("#nav_log_in").click(function(e) { // Don't follow the link and open the modal e.preventDefault(); $("#login-modal").on('shown.bs.modal', function() { $(this).find("#login-modal-email-input").focus() }).modal('show'); }); } })()</script> <div class="bootstrap" id="footer"><div class="footer-content clearfix text-center padding-top-7x" style="width:100%;"><ul class="footer-links-secondary footer-links-wide list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/topics">Topics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/journals">Academia.edu Journals</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><svg style="width: 13px; height: 13px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="briefcase" class="svg-inline--fa fa-briefcase fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M320 336c0 8.84-7.16 16-16 16h-96c-8.84 0-16-7.16-16-16v-48H0v144c0 25.6 22.4 48 48 48h416c25.6 0 48-22.4 48-48V288H320v48zm144-208h-80V80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48H176c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v48H48c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v80h512v-80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48zm-144 0H192V96h128v32z"></path></svg> <strong>We're Hiring!</strong></a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/hc/en-us"><svg style="width: 12px; height: 12px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="question-circle" class="svg-inline--fa fa-question-circle fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M504 256c0 136.997-111.043 248-248 248S8 392.997 8 256C8 119.083 119.043 8 256 8s248 111.083 248 248zM262.655 90c-54.497 0-89.255 22.957-116.549 63.758-3.536 5.286-2.353 12.415 2.715 16.258l34.699 26.31c5.205 3.947 12.621 3.008 16.665-2.122 17.864-22.658 30.113-35.797 57.303-35.797 20.429 0 45.698 13.148 45.698 32.958 0 14.976-12.363 22.667-32.534 33.976C247.128 238.528 216 254.941 216 296v4c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h56c6.627 0 12-5.373 12-12v-1.333c0-28.462 83.186-29.647 83.186-106.667 0-58.002-60.165-102-116.531-102zM256 338c-25.365 0-46 20.635-46 46 0 25.364 20.635 46 46 46s46-20.636 46-46c0-25.365-20.635-46-46-46z"></path></svg> <strong>Help Center</strong></a></li></ul><ul class="footer-links-tertiary list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li class="small">Find new research papers in:</li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry">Chemistry</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Sciences">Health Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Earth_Sciences">Earth Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics">Mathematics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="DesignSystem" id="credit" style="width:100%;"><ul class="u-pl0x footer-links-legal list-inline"><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li>Academia ©2025</li></ul></div><script> //<![CDATA[ window.detect_gmtoffset = true; window.Academia && window.Academia.set_gmtoffset && Academia.set_gmtoffset('/gmtoffset'); //]]> </script> <div id='overlay_background'></div> <div id='bootstrap-modal-container' class='bootstrap'></div> <div id='ds-modal-container' class='bootstrap DesignSystem'></div> <div id='full-screen-modal'></div> </div> </body> </html>