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Project Horizon - Wikipedia

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1959 military study. "Project Horizon" may also refer to the "Common New Generation" <a href="/wiki/Horizon-class_frigate" title="Horizon-class frigate">Horizon-class frigate</a> or the New Media Consortium's <a href="/wiki/Horizon_Project" title="Horizon Project">Horizon Project</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-One_source plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-one_source" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>relies largely or entirely on a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_with_a_single_source" title="Wikipedia:Articles with a single source">single source</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Relevant discussion may be found on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Project_Horizon##" title="Talk:Project Horizon">talk page</a>. Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Project_Horizon&amp;action=edit">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">introducing citations to additional sources</a>.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&amp;q=%22Project+Horizon%22">"Project Horizon"</a>&#160;–&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&amp;q=%22Project+Horizon%22+-wikipedia&amp;tbs=ar:1">news</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&amp;q=%22Project+Horizon%22&amp;tbs=bkt:s&amp;tbm=bks">newspapers</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&amp;q=%22Project+Horizon%22+-wikipedia">books</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Project+Horizon%22">scholar</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Project+Horizon%22&amp;acc=on&amp;wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2015</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Project_Horizon_-_Final_Base.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Project_Horizon_-_Final_Base.png/220px-Project_Horizon_-_Final_Base.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Project_Horizon_-_Final_Base.png/330px-Project_Horizon_-_Final_Base.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Project_Horizon_-_Final_Base.png/440px-Project_Horizon_-_Final_Base.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="832" /></a><figcaption>Project Horizon Lunar Outpost as it would appear by late 1965</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Project Horizon</b> was a 1959 study to determine the feasibility of constructing a scientific / military <a href="/wiki/Moonbase" title="Moonbase">base on the Moon</a>, at a time when the U.S. <a href="/wiki/Department_of_the_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of the Army">Department of the Army</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Navy" title="United States Department of the Navy">Department of the Navy</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Department_of_the_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of the Air Force">Department of the Air Force</a> had total responsibility for U.S. space program plans.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> On June 8, 1959, a group at the <a href="/wiki/Army_Ballistic_Missile_Agency" title="Army Ballistic Missile Agency">Army Ballistic Missile Agency</a> (ABMA) produced for the Army a report titled <i>Project Horizon, A U.S. Army Study for the Establishment of a Lunar Military Outpost</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Horizon_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Horizon-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The project proposal states the requirements as: </p> <blockquote><p>The lunar outpost is required to develop and protect potential United States interests on the moon; to develop techniques in moon-based surveillance of the earth and space, in communications relay, and in operations on the surface of the moon; to serve as a base for exploration of the moon, for further exploration into space and for military operations on the moon if required; and to support scientific investigations on the moon.<sup id="cite_ref-Horizon_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Horizon-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>The permanent outpost was predicted to be required for national security "as soon as possible", and to cost $6 billion. The projected operational date with twelve soldiers was December 1966. </p><p>Horizon never progressed past the feasibility stage, being rejected by President <a href="/wiki/Dwight_Eisenhower" class="mw-redirect" title="Dwight Eisenhower">Dwight Eisenhower</a> when primary responsibility for America's space program was transferred to the civilian agency <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-JFK_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JFK-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Space_transportation_system">Space transportation system</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Project_Horizon&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Space transportation system"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> Horizon was estimated to require 147 early <a href="/wiki/Saturn_A-1" title="Saturn A-1">Saturn A-1</a> rocket launches to loft spacecraft components for assembly in <a href="/wiki/Low_Earth_orbit" title="Low Earth orbit">low Earth orbit</a> at a spent-tank <a href="/wiki/Space_station" title="Space station">space station</a>. A lunar landing-and-return vehicle launched on a <a href="/wiki/Saturn_A-2" title="Saturn A-2">Saturn A-2</a> would have shuttled up to 16 astronauts at a time to the base and back. This was in lieu of <a href="/wiki/Nova_(rocket)" title="Nova (rocket)">a 12 million-pound thrust superbooster</a> required for a direct-ascent lunar flight, which could not possibly be developed in time for the 1966 deployment target. <a href="/wiki/Wernher_von_Braun" title="Wernher von Braun">Wernher von Braun</a>, head of ABMA, appointed <a href="/wiki/Heinz-Hermann_Koelle" title="Heinz-Hermann Koelle">Heinz-Hermann Koelle</a> to head the <a href="/wiki/Saturn_(rocket_family)" title="Saturn (rocket family)">Saturn development</a> project team at <a href="/wiki/Redstone_Arsenal" title="Redstone Arsenal">Redstone Arsenal</a>.</p><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-nolines"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Project_Horizon_-_2_man_round_trip_to_lunar_surface.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Required launches for a two man round trip to the lunar surface"><img alt="Required launches for a two man round trip to the lunar surface" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Project_Horizon_-_2_man_round_trip_to_lunar_surface.png/120px-Project_Horizon_-_2_man_round_trip_to_lunar_surface.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Project_Horizon_-_2_man_round_trip_to_lunar_surface.png/180px-Project_Horizon_-_2_man_round_trip_to_lunar_surface.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Project_Horizon_-_2_man_round_trip_to_lunar_surface.png/240px-Project_Horizon_-_2_man_round_trip_to_lunar_surface.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="793" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Required launches for a two man round trip to the lunar surface</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Saturn_B,_1959.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Saturn A-1 / Saturn I configuration for Project Horizon"><img alt="Saturn A-1 / Saturn I configuration for Project Horizon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Saturn_B%2C_1959.jpg/32px-Saturn_B%2C_1959.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Saturn_B%2C_1959.jpg/49px-Saturn_B%2C_1959.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Saturn_B%2C_1959.jpg/65px-Saturn_B%2C_1959.jpg 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="920" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Saturn A-1 / Saturn I configuration for Project Horizon</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Saturn_C,_1959.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Saturn A-2 / Saturn II configuration for Project Horizon"><img alt="Saturn A-2 / Saturn II configuration for Project Horizon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Saturn_C%2C_1959.jpg/33px-Saturn_C%2C_1959.jpg" decoding="async" width="33" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Saturn_C%2C_1959.jpg/49px-Saturn_C%2C_1959.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Saturn_C%2C_1959.jpg/66px-Saturn_C%2C_1959.jpg 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="910" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Saturn A-2 / Saturn II configuration for Project Horizon</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Horizon_LERV.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Project Horizon Lunar Landing-and-Return Vehicle."><img alt="Project Horizon Lunar Landing-and-Return Vehicle." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Horizon_LERV.png/84px-Horizon_LERV.png" decoding="async" width="84" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Horizon_LERV.png/126px-Horizon_LERV.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Horizon_LERV.png/168px-Horizon_LERV.png 2x" data-file-width="359" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Project Horizon Lunar Landing-and-Return Vehicle.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Project_Horizon_-_Lunar_Space_Suit.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Lunar Space Suit"><img alt="Lunar Space Suit" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Project_Horizon_-_Lunar_Space_Suit.png/120px-Project_Horizon_-_Lunar_Space_Suit.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Project_Horizon_-_Lunar_Space_Suit.png/180px-Project_Horizon_-_Lunar_Space_Suit.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Project_Horizon_-_Lunar_Space_Suit.png/240px-Project_Horizon_-_Lunar_Space_Suit.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="633" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Lunar Space Suit</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Location">Location</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Project_Horizon&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Location"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rocket-vehicle energy requirements would have limited the location of the base to an area of 20 deg latitude/longitude on the Moon, from ~20° N, ~20° W to ~20° S, ~20° E. Within this area, the Project selected three particular sites: </p> <ul><li>northern part of <a href="/wiki/Sinus_Aestuum" title="Sinus Aestuum">Sinus Aestuum</a>, near the <a href="/wiki/Eratosthenes_(crater)" title="Eratosthenes (crater)">Eratosthenes crater</a></li> <li>southern part of <a href="/wiki/Sinus_Aestuum" title="Sinus Aestuum">Sinus Aestuum</a> near <a href="/wiki/Sinus_Medii" title="Sinus Medii">Sinus Medii</a></li> <li>southwest coast of <a href="/wiki/Mare_Imbrium" title="Mare Imbrium">Mare Imbrium</a>, just north of the <a href="/wiki/Montes_Apenninus" title="Montes Apenninus">Montes Apenninus</a> mountains</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Proposed_Timeline">Proposed Timeline</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Project_Horizon&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Proposed Timeline"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>1964</b>: 40 Saturn launches.</li> <li><b>January 1965</b>: Cargo delivery to the Moon would begin.</li> <li><b>April 1965</b>: The first crewed landing by two soldiers. The build-up and construction phase would continue without interruption until the outpost was ready.</li> <li><b>November 1966</b>: Outpost staffed by a task force of 12 soldiers. This program would have required a total of 61 <a href="/wiki/Saturn_A-1" title="Saturn A-1">Saturn A-1</a> and 88 <a href="/wiki/Saturn_A-2" title="Saturn A-2">Saturn A-2</a> launches up to November 1966. During this period the rockets would transport some 220 tonnes of useful cargo to the Moon.</li></ul> <ul><li><b>December 1966 through 1967</b>: First operational year of the lunar outpost, with a total of 64 launches scheduled. These would result in an additional 120 tons of useful cargo.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Defenses">Defenses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Project_Horizon&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Defenses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The base would be defended against <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet</a> overland attack by manually fired weapons: </p> <ul><li>Unguided <a href="/wiki/Davy_Crockett_(nuclear_device)" title="Davy Crockett (nuclear device)">Davy Crockett rockets</a> with low-yield <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_warheads" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuclear warheads">nuclear warheads</a></li> <li>Conventional <a href="/wiki/Claymore_mines" class="mw-redirect" title="Claymore mines">Claymore mines</a> modified to puncture <a href="/wiki/Pressure_suits" class="mw-redirect" title="Pressure suits">pressure suits</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Layout">Layout</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Project_Horizon&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Layout"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The basic building block for the outpost would be cylindrical metal tanks, 10 feet (3.0&#160;m) in diameter and 20 feet (6.1&#160;m) in length. </p><p>Two <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_reactor" title="Nuclear reactor">nuclear reactors</a> would be located in pits for shielding, and would provide power for operation of the preliminary quarters and for the equipment used in the construction of the permanent facility. Empty cargo and propellant containers would be assembled and used for storage of bulk supplies, weapons, and life essentials. </p><p>Two types of surface vehicles would be used, one for lifting, digging, and scraping, another for more extended distance trips needed for hauling, reconnaissance and rescue. </p><p> A lightweight <a href="/wiki/Parabolic_antenna" title="Parabolic antenna">parabolic antenna</a> erected near the main quarters would provide communications with Earth. At the conclusion of the construction phase the original construction camp quarters would be converted to bio-science and physics-science laboratories.</p><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-nolines"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Project_Horizon_-_Cross_Section_of_Typical_Outpost_Compartment.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="Cross Section of Typical Lunar Outpost Compartment"><img alt="Cross Section of Typical Lunar Outpost Compartment" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Project_Horizon_-_Cross_Section_of_Typical_Outpost_Compartment.gif/120px-Project_Horizon_-_Cross_Section_of_Typical_Outpost_Compartment.gif" decoding="async" width="120" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Project_Horizon_-_Cross_Section_of_Typical_Outpost_Compartment.gif/180px-Project_Horizon_-_Cross_Section_of_Typical_Outpost_Compartment.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Project_Horizon_-_Cross_Section_of_Typical_Outpost_Compartment.gif/240px-Project_Horizon_-_Cross_Section_of_Typical_Outpost_Compartment.gif 2x" data-file-width="423" data-file-height="215" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Cross Section of Typical Lunar Outpost Compartment</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Project_Horizon_-_Overall_View_of_Initial_Lunar_Construction_Camp.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="Horizon Camp - Overall View of Initial Lunar Construction Camp"><img alt="Horizon Camp - Overall View of Initial Lunar Construction Camp" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Project_Horizon_-_Overall_View_of_Initial_Lunar_Construction_Camp.gif/120px-Project_Horizon_-_Overall_View_of_Initial_Lunar_Construction_Camp.gif" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Project_Horizon_-_Overall_View_of_Initial_Lunar_Construction_Camp.gif/180px-Project_Horizon_-_Overall_View_of_Initial_Lunar_Construction_Camp.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Project_Horizon_-_Overall_View_of_Initial_Lunar_Construction_Camp.gif/240px-Project_Horizon_-_Overall_View_of_Initial_Lunar_Construction_Camp.gif 2x" data-file-width="546" data-file-height="363" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Horizon Camp - Overall View of Initial Lunar Construction Camp</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Project_Horizon_-_Layout_Basic_12-Man_Outpost.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Horizon First Camp - Layout of a Basic 12-Man Outpost"><img alt="Horizon First Camp - Layout of a Basic 12-Man Outpost" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Project_Horizon_-_Layout_Basic_12-Man_Outpost.png/120px-Project_Horizon_-_Layout_Basic_12-Man_Outpost.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Project_Horizon_-_Layout_Basic_12-Man_Outpost.png/180px-Project_Horizon_-_Layout_Basic_12-Man_Outpost.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Project_Horizon_-_Layout_Basic_12-Man_Outpost.png/240px-Project_Horizon_-_Layout_Basic_12-Man_Outpost.png 2x" data-file-width="974" data-file-height="672" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Horizon First Camp - Layout of a Basic 12-Man Outpost </div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Project_Horizon&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_(rocket_family)" title="Saturn (rocket family)">Saturn (rocket family)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunex_Project" title="Lunex Project">Lunex Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonization_of_the_Moon" title="Colonization of the Moon">Colonization of the Moon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_A119" title="Project A119">Project A119</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zvezda_(moonbase)" title="Zvezda (moonbase)">Zvezda (moonbase)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Project_Horizon&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFOrdwaySharpeWakeford1988" class="citation journal cs1">Ordway, Frederick I.; Sharpe, Mitchell R.; Wakeford, Ronald C. (1988-10-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0094-5765%2888%2990194-4">"Project Horizon: An early study of a lunar outpost"</a>. <i>Acta Astronautica</i>. <b>17</b> (10): 1105–1121. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1988AcAau..17.1105O">1988AcAau..17.1105O</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0094-5765%2888%2990194-4">10.1016/0094-5765(88)90194-4</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0094-5765">0094-5765</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Acta+Astronautica&amp;rft.atitle=Project+Horizon%3A+An+early+study+of+a+lunar+outpost&amp;rft.volume=17&amp;rft.issue=10&amp;rft.pages=1105-1121&amp;rft.date=1988-10-01&amp;rft.issn=0094-5765&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2F0094-5765%2888%2990194-4&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1988AcAau..17.1105O&amp;rft.aulast=Ordway&amp;rft.aufirst=Frederick+I.&amp;rft.au=Sharpe%2C+Mitchell+R.&amp;rft.au=Wakeford%2C+Ronald+C.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1016%2F0094-5765%252888%252990194-4&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProject+Horizon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/weapons/a41980861/us-army-project-horizon-moon/">"Nearly 60 Years Ago, the U.S. Army Hatched a Plan to Put Soldiers on the Moon"</a>. <i>Popular Mechanics</i>. 2022-12-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-12-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Popular+Mechanics&amp;rft.atitle=Nearly+60+Years+Ago%2C+the+U.S.+Army+Hatched+a+Plan+to+Put+Soldiers+on+the+Moon&amp;rft.date=2022-12-26&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.popularmechanics.com%2Fmilitary%2Fweapons%2Fa41980861%2Fus-army-project-horizon-moon%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProject+Horizon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.astronautix.com/h/horizonlunaroutpost.html">"Horizon Lunar Outpost"</a>. <i>www.astronautix.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-12-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.astronautix.com&amp;rft.atitle=Horizon+Lunar+Outpost&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.astronautix.com%2Fh%2Fhorizonlunaroutpost.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProject+Horizon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Horizon-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Horizon_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Horizon_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArthur_G._Trudeau1959" class="citation book cs1">Arthur G. Trudeau (1959). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB479/docs/EBB-Moon01_sm.pdf"><i>Project Horizon Volume I: Summary and Supporting Considerations</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a>. p.&#160;i.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Project+Horizon+Volume+I%3A+Summary+and+Supporting+Considerations&amp;rft.pages=i&amp;rft.pub=United+States+Army&amp;rft.date=1959&amp;rft.au=Arthur+G.+Trudeau&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnsarchive2.gwu.edu%2FNSAEBB%2FNSAEBB479%2Fdocs%2FEBB-Moon01_sm.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProject+Horizon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB479/docs/EBB-Moon01A_sm.pdf"><i>Project Horizon Report: Volume II, Technical Considerations &amp; Plans</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. United States Army. June 9, 1959.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Project+Horizon+Report%3A+Volume+II%2C+Technical+Considerations+%26+Plans&amp;rft.pub=United+States+Army&amp;rft.date=1959-06-09&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnsarchive2.gwu.edu%2FNSAEBB%2FNSAEBB479%2Fdocs%2FEBB-Moon01A_sm.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProject+Horizon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JFK-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-JFK_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLogsdon2010" class="citation book cs1">Logsdon, John (2010). <i>John F. Kennedy and the Race to the Moon</i>. <a href="/wiki/Palgrave_Macmillan" title="Palgrave Macmillan">Palgrave Macmillan</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-230-11010-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-230-11010-6"><bdi>978-0-230-11010-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=John+F.+Kennedy+and+the+Race+to+the+Moon&amp;rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-230-11010-6&amp;rft.aulast=Logsdon&amp;rft.aufirst=John&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProject+Horizon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Project_Horizon&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB479/docs/EBB-Moon01_sm.pdf"><i>Project Horizon Report: Volume I, Summary and Supporting Considerations</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. United States Army. June 9, 1959.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Project+Horizon+Report%3A+Volume+I%2C+Summary+and+Supporting+Considerations&amp;rft.pub=United+States+Army&amp;rft.date=1959-06-09&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnsarchive2.gwu.edu%2FNSAEBB%2FNSAEBB479%2Fdocs%2FEBB-Moon01_sm.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProject+Horizon" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB479/docs/EBB-Moon01A_sm.pdf"><i>Project Horizon Report: Volume II, Technical Considerations &amp; Plans</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. United States Army. June 9, 1959.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Project+Horizon+Report%3A+Volume+II%2C+Technical+Considerations+%26+Plans&amp;rft.pub=United+States+Army&amp;rft.date=1959-06-09&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnsarchive2.gwu.edu%2FNSAEBB%2FNSAEBB479%2Fdocs%2FEBB-Moon01A_sm.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProject+Horizon" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichelson2014" class="citation web cs1">Richelson, Jeffrey T., ed. (July 20, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB479/">"Soldiers, Spies and the Moon: Secret U.S. and Soviet Plans from the 1950s and 1960s"</a>. <i>The National Security Archive</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=The+National+Security+Archive&amp;rft.atitle=Soldiers%2C+Spies+and+the+Moon%3A+Secret+U.S.+and+Soviet+Plans+from+the+1950s+and+1960s&amp;rft.date=2014-07-20&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnsarchive2.gwu.edu%2FNSAEBB%2FNSAEBB479%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProject+Horizon" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Project_Horizon&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Colonization_of_the_Moon" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Moon_colonization" title="Template:Moon colonization"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Moon_colonization" title="Template talk:Moon colonization"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Moon_colonization" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Moon colonization"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Colonization_of_the_Moon" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Colonization_of_the_Moon" title="Colonization of the Moon">Colonization of the Moon</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">American projects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Project Horizon</a> (1960s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunex_Project" title="Lunex Project">Lunex Project</a> (1960s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_Applications_Program" title="Apollo Applications Program">Apollo Lunar Base</a> (1970s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/JSC_Moon_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="JSC Moon Base">JSC Moon Base</a> (1980s)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lunox&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Lunox (page does not exist)">Lunox</a> (1990s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_outpost_(NASA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lunar outpost (NASA)">Lunar Outpost</a> (2000s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemis_Program" class="mw-redirect" title="Artemis Program">Artemis Base Camp</a> (2030s)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lunar_Base-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Lunar_Base-1.jpg/130px-Lunar_Base-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Lunar_Base-1.jpg/195px-Lunar_Base-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Lunar_Base-1.jpg/260px-Lunar_Base-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="359" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Soviet and<br />Russian projects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zvezda_(moonbase)" title="Zvezda (moonbase)">Zvezda moonbase</a> (1960s)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=KLE_Complex_Lunar_Expedition&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="KLE Complex Lunar Expedition (page does not exist)">KLE Complex Lunar Expedition</a> (1970s)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=L3M&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="L3M (page does not exist)">L3M</a> (1970s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Expeditionary_Complex" title="Lunar Expeditionary Complex">Lunar Expeditionary Complex</a> (1970s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energia_Lunar_Expedition" title="Energia Lunar Expedition">Energia Lunar Expedition</a> (1980s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna-Glob" title="Luna-Glob">Lunny Poligon</a> (2030s)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chinese and<br />Russian project</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Lunar_Research_Station" title="International Lunar Research Station">International Lunar Research Station</a> (late 2020s)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other projects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Man_Will_Conquer_Space_Soon!" title="Man Will Conquer Space Soon!">Man Will Conquer Space Soon!</a>" (1950s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemis_Project" title="Artemis Project">Artemis Project</a> (1990s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_Lunar_Return_study" title="Human Lunar Return study">Human Lunar Return</a> (1990s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Lunar_Exploration_Program" title="Chinese Lunar Exploration Program">Chinese Lunar Base</a> (2030s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/JAXA" title="JAXA">JAXA Moon Base</a> (2030s)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Proposed sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sinus_Roris" title="Sinus Roris">Sinus Roris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eratosthenes_(crater)" title="Eratosthenes (crater)">Eratosthenes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinus_Medii" title="Sinus Medii">Sinus Medii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montes_Apenninus" title="Montes Apenninus">Montes Apenninus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kepler_(lunar_crater)" title="Kepler (lunar crater)">Kepler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shackleton_(crater)" title="Shackleton (crater)">Shackleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peary_(crater)" title="Peary (crater)">Peary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moonbase" title="Moonbase">Moonbase</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Exploration_of_the_Moon" title="Exploration of the Moon">Exploration of the Moon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_on_the_Moon" title="Tourism on the Moon">Tourism on the Moon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐559c9fd9f4‐zh855 Cached time: 20241126122629 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.364 seconds Real time usage: 0.500 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 658/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 34578/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 91/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 9/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 46945/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.251/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 7816555/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 454.599 1 -total 28.87% 131.260 1 Template:Reflist 20.21% 91.856 1 Template:Moon_colonization 19.15% 87.059 1 Template:Navbox 19.11% 86.894 1 Template:Cite_journal 17.14% 77.920 1 Template:One_source 17.05% 77.488 1 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