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class="page-header page-header--has-image"><div class="page-header__wrapper"><nav class="page-breadcrumbs" aria-label="You are here:"><ol class="page-breadcrumbs__list"><li class="page-breadcrumbs__item"><a href="/">Home</a></li><li class="page-breadcrumbs__item"><a href="/topics">Topics</a></li><li class="page-breadcrumbs__item"><a href="/topics/us-states">U.S. States</a></li><li class="page-breadcrumbs__item" aria-current="page">Vermont</li></ol></nav><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://www.history.com"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Topics","item":"https://www.history.com/topics"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"U.S. States","item":"https://www.history.com/topics/us-states"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"Vermont"}]}</script><div class="page-header__content"><div class="page-header__content-container"><h1 class="page-header__title">Vermont</h1></div></div><div class="page-header__post-info"><div class="page-header__post-info-container"><div class="page-header__author-date"><p class="page-header__author"><span aria-hidden="true">By: </span><a aria-label="Read more articles from History.com Editors" link-name="History.com Editors" href="/author/history">History.com Editors</a></p><p>Updated: <time dateTime="2019-10-31T17:17:24">October 31, 2019</time>  | <span>Original: <time dateTime="2009-11-09T16:05:57">November 9, 2009</time></span></p></div><div class="page-header__sharing hide-print"><button class="button is-style-standalone is-style-standalone--dark-background has-icon"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24"><path d="M16 1H4C2.9 1 2 1.9 2 3V17H4V3H16V1ZM19 5H8C6.9 5 6 5.9 6 7V21C6 22.1 6.9 23 8 23H19C20.1 23 21 22.1 21 21V7C21 5.9 20.1 5 19 5ZM19 21H8V7H19V21Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg>copy page link</button><button 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srcSet="https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/11/gettyimages-836935962.jpg?width=640&height=426.66666666666663&crop=640%3A426.66666666666663%2Csmart&quality=75&auto=webp 640w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/11/gettyimages-836935962.jpg?width=750&height=500&crop=750%3A500%2Csmart&quality=75&auto=webp 750w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/11/gettyimages-836935962.jpg?width=828&height=552&crop=828%3A552%2Csmart&quality=75&auto=webp 828w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/11/gettyimages-836935962.jpg?width=1080&height=540&crop=1080%3A540%2Csmart&quality=75&auto=webp 1080w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/11/gettyimages-836935962.jpg?width=1248&height=624&crop=1248%3A624%2Csmart&quality=75&auto=webp 1248w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/11/gettyimages-836935962.jpg?width=1920&height=960&crop=1920%3A960%2Csmart&quality=75&auto=webp 1920w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/11/gettyimages-836935962.jpg?width=2048&height=1024&crop=2048%3A1024%2Csmart&quality=75&auto=webp 2048w, https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/11/gettyimages-836935962.jpg?width=3840&height=1920&crop=3840%3A1920%2Csmart&quality=75&auto=webp 3840w" src="https://assets.editorial.aetnd.com/uploads/2009/11/gettyimages-836935962.jpg?width=3840&height=1920&crop=3840%3A1920%2Csmart&quality=75&auto=webp" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0;border:none;margin:auto;display:block;width:0;height:0;min-width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:100%;max-height:100%;object-fit:cover"/></span><figcaption class="image-credit"><span>Adria Photography / Getty Images</span></figcaption></figure></header><div class="article-content-box"><div class="article-intro-toc"><nav class="block-table-of-contents" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="table-of-contents-heading"><h2 class="block-table-of-contents__heading" id="table-of-contents-heading">Table of Contents</h2><ol class="block-table-of-contents__list"><li class="block-table-of-contents__element button is-style-standalone"><a href="#interesting-facts" class="block-table-of-contents__link">Interesting Facts </a></li></ol></nav><div class="article-intro"><p>Vermont was initially settled in the early 18th century by both the British and French, and conflicts between the two nations continued until the French defeat in the French and Indian War, after which the land was ceded to England. During the American Revolution, Vermont declared independence separately from the original 13 colonies, although the Continental Congress refused to recognize it. Vermont was finally admitted to the union as the 14th state in 1790, after 14 years as an independent republic. The name of the state is derived from”montagne verte,” French for green mountain, giving rise to the state’s “Green Mountain State” nickname. Today, Vermont’s mountains are a popular destination for skiers and snowboarders. It is the country’s leading producer of maple syrup and is the home of the popular Ben & Jerry’s ice cream.</p><p><strong>Date of Statehood:</strong> March 4, 1791</p><p><strong>Capital:</strong> Montpelier</p><p><strong>Population:</strong> 625,741 (2010)</p><p><strong>Size:</strong> 9,616 square miles</p><p><strong>Nickname(s):</strong> Green Mountain State</p><p><strong>Motto:</strong> Freedom and Unity</p><p><strong>Tree:</strong> Sugar Maple</p><p><strong>Flower:</strong> Red Clover</p><p><strong>Bird:</strong> Hermit Thrush</p></div></div><div class="article-content content"><h2 id="interesting-facts">Interesting Facts </h2><ul class="article__contained"><li>On October 5, 1798, congressman Matthew Lyon was indicted under the Sedition Act for criticizing President John Adams in a letter he had written to Spooner’s Vermont Journal. Fined $1,000 and sentenced to four months in jail, Lyon was re-elected to Congress while incarcerated.</li><li>In 1814, Emma Willard began teaching scientific and classical subjects to women out of her home in Middlebury after noticing the large discrepancy in the quality of education between women and men. After her ideas on improving women’s education gained the attention of Thomas Jefferson and John Adams in 1819, she was invited to open a school in New York and later taught at the Troy Female Seminary, which opened in 1821.</li><li>One of the first ski lifts in the U.S. was developed on a farm in Woodstock in 1934. Designed by Wallace “Bunny” Bertram and powered by an antique Model-T Ford engine, the tow pulled people up a hill while holding onto a moving rope.</li><li>The first monthly Social Security benefit check was issued to Ludlow, Vermont, resident Ida May Fuller on January 31, 1940. After retiring from her job as a legal secretary, Fuller received her first check in the amount of $22.54—$2.21 less than the total taxes withdrawn from her salary during the three years that she worked under the Social Security program.</li><li>On May 5, 1978, Ben Cohen and Jerry Greenfield opened their first Ben & Jerry’s Homemade ice cream shop in a refurbished gas station in Burlington. In 2000, the infamous brand was acquired by Unilever for roughly $326 million in cash.</li><li>Vermont became the first state to legally recognize civil unions between partners of the same sex in April 2000. Nine years later, the state legislature granted full marriage rights to same-sex couples.</li><li>Montpelier, with fewer than 9,000 people, is the smallest state capital in the United States.</li></ul></div><footer class="article-footer article-footer--topic"><div class="author-byline article__contained has-elevation"><div class="byline__content"><div class="byline__information"><div class="byline__author-wrapper"><p class="byline__author"><span aria-hidden="true">By: </span><a aria-label="Read more articles from History.com Editors" link-name="History.com Editors" href="/author/history">History.com Editors</a></p></div><div class="byline__description"><p><a href="http://history.com/">HISTORY.com</a> works with a wide range of writers and editors to create accurate and informative content. All articles are regularly reviewed and updated by the HISTORY.com team. Articles with the “HISTORY.com Editors” byline have been written or edited by the HISTORY.com editors, including <a href="https://www.history.com/author/amanda-onion">Amanda Onion</a>, <a href="https://www.history.com/author/missy-sullivan">Missy Sullivan</a>, <a href="https://www.history.com/author/matt-mullen">Matt Mullen</a> and Christian Zapata.</p> </div></div></div></div><hr/><div></div><div class="container--article-wide"><div class="article-footer__facts-citation"><aside class="article-sources"><h2 class="article-sources__title">Citation Information</h2><dl class="article-sources__list"><div class="article-sources__pair"><dt class="article-sources__pair-title">Article Title</dt><dd class="article-sources__pair-description">Vermont</dd></div><div class="article-sources__pair"><dt class="article-sources__pair-title">Author</dt><dd class="article-sources__pair-description"><a class="article-header__author" aria-label="Read more articles from History.com Editors" link-name="History.com Editors" href="/author/history">History.com Editors</a></dd></div><div class="article-sources__pair"><dt class="article-sources__pair-title">Website Name</dt><dd class="article-sources__pair-description">HISTORY</dd></div><div class="article-sources__pair"><dt class="article-sources__pair-title">URL</dt><dd class="article-sources__pair-description"><a href="https://www.history.com/topics/us-states/vermont">https://www.history.com/topics/us-states/vermont</a></dd></div><div class="article-sources__pair"><dt class="article-sources__pair-title">Date Accessed</dt><dd class="article-sources__pair-description">November 23, 2024</dd></div><div class="article-sources__pair"><dt class="article-sources__pair-title">Publisher</dt><dd class="article-sources__pair-description">A&E Television Networks</dd></div><div class="article-sources__pair"><dt class="article-sources__pair-title">Last Updated</dt><dd class="article-sources__pair-description">October 31, 2019</dd></div><div class="article-sources__pair"><dt class="article-sources__pair-title">Original Published Date</dt><dd class="article-sources__pair-description">November 9, 2009</dd></div></dl></aside><div class="article-footer__facts-wrapper"><aside class="article-fact-check"><h2 class="article-fact-check__title">Fact Check</h2><p class="article-fact-check__copy">We strive for accuracy and fairness. 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class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"interesting-facts\"\u003eInteresting Facts \u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\n\n\u003cul class=\"wp-block-list\"\u003e\u003cli\u003eOn October 5, 1798, congressman Matthew Lyon was indicted under the Sedition Act for criticizing President John Adams in a letter he had written to Spooner’s Vermont Journal. Fined $1,000 and sentenced to four months in jail, Lyon was re-elected to Congress while incarcerated.\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eIn 1814, Emma Willard began teaching scientific and classical subjects to women out of her home in Middlebury after noticing the large discrepancy in the quality of education between women and men. After her ideas on improving women’s education gained the attention of Thomas Jefferson and John Adams in 1819, she was invited to open a school in New York and later taught at the Troy Female Seminary, which opened in 1821.\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eOne of the first ski lifts in the U.S. was developed on a farm in Woodstock in 1934. Designed by Wallace “Bunny” Bertram and powered by an antique Model-T Ford engine, the tow pulled people up a hill while holding onto a moving rope.\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eThe first monthly Social Security benefit check was issued to Ludlow, Vermont, resident Ida May Fuller on January 31, 1940. After retiring from her job as a legal secretary, Fuller received her first check in the amount of $22.54—$2.21 less than the total taxes withdrawn from her salary during the three years that she worked under the Social Security program.\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eOn May 5, 1978, Ben Cohen and Jerry Greenfield opened their first Ben \u0026amp; Jerry’s Homemade ice cream shop in a refurbished gas station in Burlington. In 2000, the infamous brand was acquired by Unilever for roughly $326 million in cash.\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eVermont became the first state to legally recognize civil unions between partners of the same sex in April 2000. Nine years later, the state legislature granted full marriage rights to same-sex couples.\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eMontpelier, with fewer than 9,000 people, is the smallest state capital in the United States.\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ul\u003e\n","protected":false,"blocks":[{"clientId":"d98b48f6-1b0f-4e50-a942-3831d4a7435c","name":"history/table-of-contents","attributes":{"headings":[{"label":"Interesting Facts ","anchor":"https://www.history.com/topics/us-states/vermont#interesting-facts"}]},"innerBlocks":[]},{"clientId":"86008590-5aa1-4c74-9a37-60966ac6dbaa","name":"history/intro","attributes":[],"innerBlocks":[{"clientId":"207358b2-a2e6-45ac-93ba-f695017a3f13","name":"core/paragraph","attributes":{"content":"Vermont was initially settled in the early 18th century by both the British and French, and conflicts between the two nations continued until the French defeat in the French and Indian War, after which the land was ceded to England. During the American Revolution, Vermont declared independence separately from the original 13 colonies, although the Continental Congress refused to recognize it. Vermont was finally admitted to the union as the 14th state in 1790, after 14 years as an independent republic. The name of the state is derived from”montagne verte,” French for green mountain, giving rise to the state’s “Green Mountain State” nickname. Today, Vermont’s mountains are a popular destination for skiers and snowboarders. 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Fined $1,000 and sentenced to four months in jail, Lyon was re-elected to Congress while incarcerated.\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eIn 1814, Emma Willard began teaching scientific and classical subjects to women out of her home in Middlebury after noticing the large discrepancy in the quality of education between women and men. After her ideas on improving women’s education gained the attention of Thomas Jefferson and John Adams in 1819, she was invited to open a school in New York and later taught at the Troy Female Seminary, which opened in 1821.\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eOne of the first ski lifts in the U.S. was developed on a farm in Woodstock in 1934. Designed by Wallace “Bunny” Bertram and powered by an antique Model-T Ford engine, the tow pulled people up a hill while holding onto a moving rope.\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eThe first monthly Social Security benefit check was issued to Ludlow, Vermont, resident Ida May Fuller on January 31, 1940. 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Fined $1,000 and sentenced to four months in jail, Lyon was re-elected to Congress while incarcerated.\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eIn 1814, Emma Willard began teaching scientific and classical subjects to women out of her home in Middlebury after noticing the large discrepancy in the quality of education between women and men. After her ideas on improving women’s education gained the attention of Thomas Jefferson and John Adams in 1819, she was invited to open a school in New York and later taught at the Troy Female Seminary, which opened in 1821.\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eOne of the first ski lifts in the U.S. was developed on a farm in Woodstock in 1934. Designed by Wallace “Bunny” Bertram and powered by an antique Model-T Ford engine, the tow pulled people up a hill while holding onto a moving rope.\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eThe first monthly Social Security benefit check was issued to Ludlow, Vermont, resident Ida May Fuller on January 31, 1940. After retiring from her job as a legal secretary, Fuller received her first check in the amount of $22.54—$2.21 less than the total taxes withdrawn from her salary during the three years that she worked under the Social Security program.\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eOn May 5, 1978, Ben Cohen and Jerry Greenfield opened their first Ben \u0026amp; Jerry’s Homemade ice cream shop in a refurbished gas station in Burlington. In 2000, the infamous brand was acquired by Unilever for roughly $326 million in cash.\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eVermont became the first state to legally recognize civil unions between partners of the same sex in April 2000. 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Fined $1,000 and sentenced to four months in jail, Lyon was re-elected to Congress while incarcerated.\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eIn 1814, Emma Willard began teaching scientific and classical subjects to women out of her home in Middlebury after noticing the large discrepancy in the quality of education between women and men. After her ideas on improving women’s education gained the attention of Thomas Jefferson and John Adams in 1819, she was invited to open a school in New York and later taught at the Troy Female Seminary, which opened in 1821.\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eOne of the first ski lifts in the U.S. was developed on a farm in Woodstock in 1934. Designed by Wallace “Bunny” Bertram and powered by an antique Model-T Ford engine, the tow pulled people up a hill while holding onto a moving rope.\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eThe first monthly Social Security benefit check was issued to Ludlow, Vermont, resident Ida May Fuller on January 31, 1940. 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