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ক্ষেত্র যেমন- কাগজ এ অঙ্কন করা। সর্বপ্রথম গ্রিক জ্যোতিষী ও গণিতবিদ হিপারকাস মানচিত্রের প্রক্ষেপণের ধারণা দেন এবং মানচিত্রের প্রক্ষেপণ কে দুই ভাগে ভাগ করেন। একটি হচ্ছে অরথোগ্রাফিক অপরটি স্টেরিওগ্রাফিক। এই প্রক্ষেপণ (প্রজেকশন) গুলো শুধুমাত্র উত্তর ও দক্ষিণ গোলার্ধ এর চিত্র অঙ্কন করতে পারে, পুরো পৃথিবীর মানচিত্র অঙ্কন করতে পারে না।</p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Claudius_Ptolemy-_The_World.jpg"><img resource="/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0:Claudius_Ptolemy-_The_World.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Claudius_Ptolemy-_The_World.jpg/220px-Claudius_Ptolemy-_The_World.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Claudius_Ptolemy-_The_World.jpg/330px-Claudius_Ptolemy-_The_World.jpg 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Claudius_Ptolemy-_The_World.jpg/440px-Claudius_Ptolemy-_The_World.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8073" data-file-height="5813"></a> <figcaption> টলেমির <a href="https://bn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B2_(%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="ভূগোল (টলেমি) (পাতার অস্তিত্ব নেই)">ভূগোলের</a> স্থানাঙ্কের পরে এবং তার দ্বিতীয় মানচিত্রের প্রজেকশন ব্যবহার করে <a href="https://bn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="ইকিউমিন (পাতার অস্তিত্ব নেই)">ইকিউমিনের</a> (১৪৮২, জোহানেস শ্নিটজার, খোদাইকারী) একটি মধ্যযুগীয় চিত্র </figcaption> </figure> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="bn" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">পরিচ্ছেদসমূহ</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://bn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0"><span class="tocnumber">১</span> <span class="toctext">মানচিত্র প্রজেকশনের প্রকার</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="https://bn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%A8"><span class="tocnumber">১.১</span> <span class="toctext">নলাকার মানচিত্রের প্রজেকশন</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="https://bn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%A8"><span class="tocnumber">১.২</span> <span class="toctext">কোনিক মানচিত্র প্রজেকশন</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="https://bn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%A8"><span class="tocnumber">১.৩</span> <span class="toctext">আজিমুঠাল মানচিত্র প্রজেকশন</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://bn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B_%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%96%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A8"><span class="tocnumber">১.৪</span> <span class="toctext">আরো দেখুন</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="https://bn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0"><span class="tocnumber">১.৫</span> <span class="toctext">তথ্যসূত্র</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="https://bn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%83%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%97"><span class="tocnumber">১.৬</span> <span class="toctext">বহিঃসংযোগ</span></a></li> </ul></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading1 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h1 id="মানচিত্র_প্রজেকশনের_প্রকার"><span id=".E0.A6.AE.E0.A6.BE.E0.A6.A8.E0.A6.9A.E0.A6.BF.E0.A6.A4.E0.A7.8D.E0.A6.B0_.E0.A6.AA.E0.A7.8D.E0.A6.B0.E0.A6.9C.E0.A7.87.E0.A6.95.E0.A6.B6.E0.A6.A8.E0.A7.87.E0.A6.B0_.E0.A6.AA.E0.A7.8D.E0.A6.B0.E0.A6.95.E0.A6.BE.E0.A6.B0"></span>মানচিত্র প্রজেকশনের প্রকার</h1><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://bn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AA&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="অনুচ্ছেদ সম্পাদনা: মানচিত্র প্রজেকশনের প্রকার" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>সম্পাদনা</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>আমরা বিশ্বকে কল্পনা করার উপায়গুলি বিভিন্ন-আমাদের কাছে ছবি, মানচিত্র, গ্লোবস, উপগ্রহের চিত্র, হাতে আঁকা সৃষ্টি এবং আরও অনেক কিছু রয়েছে। বিভিন্ন উপকরণ এবং বিভিন্ন বিষয়ের উপর তৈরি বিভিন্ন ধরনের মানচিত্র রয়েছে।</p> <p>নির্দিষ্ট মানচিত্রের অনুমান বা <a href="https://bn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2_(%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="স্কেল (মানচিত্র)">স্কেল</a> দ্বারা পৃথিবীকে সবচেয়ে সঠিক উপায়ে প্রদর্শন করার উপায়গুলি অন্যান্য প্রকারের চেয়ে বেশি সুপরিচিত এবং ব্যবহৃত। এই সাধারণ ধরনের মানচিত্রের অনুমানগুলির মধ্যে তিনটি হল নলাকার, শঙ্কু এবং আজিমুথাল।</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"> <h2 id="নলাকার_মানচিত্রের_প্রজেকশন"><span id=".E0.A6.A8.E0.A6.B2.E0.A6.BE.E0.A6.95.E0.A6.BE.E0.A6.B0_.E0.A6.AE.E0.A6.BE.E0.A6.A8.E0.A6.9A.E0.A6.BF.E0.A6.A4.E0.A7.8D.E0.A6.B0.E0.A7.87.E0.A6.B0_.E0.A6.AA.E0.A7.8D.E0.A6.B0.E0.A6.9C.E0.A7.87.E0.A6.95.E0.A6.B6.E0.A6.A8"></span>নলাকার মানচিত্রের প্রজেকশন</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://bn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AA&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="অনুচ্ছেদ সম্পাদনা: নলাকার মানচিত্রের প্রজেকশন" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>সম্পাদনা</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>নলাকার মানচিত্রের অনুমানগুলি পৃথিবীর চিত্রায়নের এক উপায়। এই জাতীয় মানচিত্রের অভিক্ষেপটি ডান কোণগুলিতে মেরিডিয়ানগুলি পেরিয়ে অনুভূমিক সমান্তরালগুলির সাথে সোজা সমন্বয়যুক্ত রেখা রয়েছে। সমস্ত মেরিডিয়ান সমান দূরত্বযুক্ত এবং স্কেল প্রতিটি সমান্তরাল বরাবর সামঞ্জস্যপূর্ণ। নলাকার মানচিত্রের অনুমানগুলি আয়তক্ষেত্রাকার হয় তবে এগুলি নলাকার বলে কারণ এগুলি ঘূর্ণিত হতে পারে এবং তাদের প্রান্তগুলি একটি নল বা সিলিন্ডারে ম্যাপ করা হয়। একে অপরের থেকে বিভিন্ন নলাকার মানচিত্রের অনুমানকে আলাদা করার একমাত্র কারণটি মানচিত্রে সমান্তরাল রেখাগুলি ফাঁক করার সময় ব্যবহৃত স্কেল।</p> <p>নলাকার মানচিত্রের অনুমানের ডাউনসাইডগুলি হ'ল তারা খুঁটিগুলিতে মারাত্মকভাবে বিকৃত হয়। নিরক্ষীয় অঞ্চলের কাছাকাছি অঞ্চলগুলি প্রকৃত পৃথিবীর তুলনায় সবচেয়ে বেশি নির্ভুল হওয়ার সম্ভাবনা থাকলেও সমান্তরাল এবং মেরিডিয়ানরা সরলরেখা হওয়ায় পৃথিবীর বক্রতা বিবেচনায় নিতে দেয় না। নলাকার মানচিত্রের অনুমানগুলি একে অপরের সাথে অক্ষাংশের তুলনা করার জন্য দুর্দান্ত এবং পুরোপুরি বিশ্বকে শেখানোর এবং দেখার জন্য দরকারী, তবে বিশ্ব কীভাবে সত্যই তার সম্পূর্ণতার দিকে দেখায় তা দেখার জন্য সঠিকভাবে সঠিক উপায় নয়।</p> <p>নলাকার মানচিত্র অনুমানের প্রকারগুলির মধ্যে আপনি হয়ত জানতে পারেন জনপ্রিয় মার্কেটর প্রক্ষেপণ , ক্যাসিনি, গাউস-ক্রুগার, মিলার, বেহরম্যান, হোবো-ডায়ার এবং গল-পিটারস অন্তর্ভুক্ত।</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"> <h2 id="কোনিক_মানচিত্র_প্রজেকশন"><span id=".E0.A6.95.E0.A7.8B.E0.A6.A8.E0.A6.BF.E0.A6.95_.E0.A6.AE.E0.A6.BE.E0.A6.A8.E0.A6.9A.E0.A6.BF.E0.A6.A4.E0.A7.8D.E0.A6.B0_.E0.A6.AA.E0.A7.8D.E0.A6.B0.E0.A6.9C.E0.A7.87.E0.A6.95.E0.A6.B6.E0.A6.A8"></span>কোনিক মানচিত্র প্রজেকশন</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://bn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AA&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="অনুচ্ছেদ সম্পাদনা: কোনিক মানচিত্র প্রজেকশন" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>সম্পাদনা</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>দ্বিতীয়ত, কনিকের মানচিত্রের অনুমানগুলির মধ্যে সামঞ্জস্যপূর্ণ কনিক প্রজেকশন, ল্যামবার্ট কনফর্মাল কনিক এবং অ্যালবার্স শঙ্কু অন্তর্ভুক্ত। এই মানচিত্রগুলি শঙ্কু ধ্রুবক দ্বারা সংজ্ঞায়িত করা হয়েছে, যা মেরিডিয়ানদের মধ্যে কৌণিক দূরত্ব নির্ধারণ করে। <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://bn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>১<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> এই মেরিডিয়ানগুলি সামঞ্জস্যপূর্ণ এবং সোজা লাইন যা কোনও মেরু আছে কিনা তা নির্বিশেষে প্রক্ষেপণের পাশাপাশি লোকেশনগুলিতে রূপান্তর করে। নলাকার প্রক্ষেপণের মতো, শঙ্কু মানচিত্রের অনুমানগুলির মধ্যে সমান্তরাল রয়েছে যা মেরিডিয়ানদের ডান কোণগুলিতে ক্রমাগত বিকৃতির একটি ধ্রুবক পরিমাপের সাথে অতিক্রম করে। কোনিক মানচিত্রের অনুমানগুলি একটি গোলকের (গ্লোব) শীর্ষে একটি শঙ্কুতে জড়িয়ে রাখতে সক্ষম হওয়ার জন্য ডিজাইন করা হয়েছে, তবে জ্যামিতিকভাবে সঠিক বলে মনে করা হয় না।</p> <p>কনিকের মানচিত্রের অনুমানগুলি আঞ্চলিক বা গোলার্ধের মানচিত্র হিসাবে ব্যবহারের জন্য সবচেয়ে উপযুক্ত, তবে খুব কমই একটি সম্পূর্ণ বিশ্বের মানচিত্রের জন্য। কোন কণিকের মানচিত্রে বিকৃতি এটিকে সমগ্র পৃথিবীর ভিজ্যুয়াল হিসাবে ব্যবহারের জন্য অনুপযুক্ত করে তোলে তবে তা নাতিশীতোষ্ণ অঞ্চলগুলি, আবহাওয়ার মানচিত্র, জলবায়ু অনুমান এবং আরও অনেক কিছুর জন্য এটি দুর্দান্ত ব্যবহার করে।</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"> <h2 id="আজিমুঠাল_মানচিত্র_প্রজেকশন"><span id=".E0.A6.86.E0.A6.9C.E0.A6.BF.E0.A6.AE.E0.A7.81.E0.A6.A0.E0.A6.BE.E0.A6.B2_.E0.A6.AE.E0.A6.BE.E0.A6.A8.E0.A6.9A.E0.A6.BF.E0.A6.A4.E0.A7.8D.E0.A6.B0_.E0.A6.AA.E0.A7.8D.E0.A6.B0.E0.A6.9C.E0.A7.87.E0.A6.95.E0.A6.B6.E0.A6.A8"></span>আজিমুঠাল মানচিত্র প্রজেকশন</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://bn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AA&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="অনুচ্ছেদ সম্পাদনা: আজিমুঠাল মানচিত্র প্রজেকশন" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>সম্পাদনা</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>আজিমুথাল মানচিত্রের অভিক্ষেপটি কৌণিক- একটি মানচিত্রে তিনটি পয়েন্ট দেওয়া হয়েছে (এ, বি, এবং সি) পয়েন্ট বি থেকে পয়েন্ট সি পর্যন্ত অজিমুথ নির্দেশ করে যে এ-তে যাওয়ার জন্য কারও চেহারা বা ভ্রমণ করতে হবে এই কৌণিক সম্পর্কগুলি আরও সাধারণভাবে গ্রেট সার্কেল আরকস বা জিওডেসিক আর্ক হিসাবে পরিচিত। আজিমুথাল মানচিত্র অনুমানের প্রধান বৈশিষ্ট্যগুলি হ'ল স্ট্রেট মেরিডিয়ান লাইনগুলি, একটি কেন্দ্রীয় বিন্দু থেকে প্রসারিত হয়, সমান্তরালগুলি যা কেন্দ্রীয় বিন্দুর চারপাশে বিজ্ঞপ্তি হয় এবং সমতুল্য সমান্তরাল ব্যবধান। তিনটি পৃথক বিভাগে (অরোগ্রাফিক, স্টেরিওগ্রাফিক এবং জ্ঞানমনিক) হালকা পথও ব্যবহার করা যেতে পারে। রেফারেন্স হিসাবে কেন্দ্রীয় পয়েন্টটি ব্যবহার করে পৃথিবীর যে কোনও পয়েন্ট থেকে দিকনির্দেশনা পাওয়ার জন্য আজিমুথাল মানচিত্র উপকারী।</p> <p>মানচিত্রের প্রজেকশন ধরনের সকলের পক্ষে তাদের পক্ষে মতামত রয়েছে তবে তারা অবিশ্বাস্যভাবে বহুমুখী। যদিও পুরোপুরি নির্ভুল মানচিত্রের অভিক্ষেপ তৈরি করা প্রায় অসম্ভব তবে পৃথিবীর সবচেয়ে অসম্পূর্ণ চিত্রের জন্যও ব্যবহার রয়েছে। মানচিত্রের অনুমানগুলি নির্দিষ্ট উদ্দেশ্যে তৈরি করা হয় এবং সেই উদ্দেশ্যে ব্যবহার করা উচিত। শেষ পর্যন্ত প্রতিটি মানচিত্রের অভিক্ষেপের একটি জায়গা থাকে এবং যে পরিমাণ অনুমান তৈরি করা যায় তার কোনও সীমা থাকে না।</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"> <h2 id="আরো_দেখুন"><span id=".E0.A6.86.E0.A6.B0.E0.A7.8B_.E0.A6.A6.E0.A7.87.E0.A6.96.E0.A7.81.E0.A6.A8"></span>আরো দেখুন</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://bn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AA&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="অনুচ্ছেদ সম্পাদনা: আরো দেখুন" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>সম্পাদনা</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://bn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A3%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ভূগাণিতিক উপাত্ত">ভূগাণিতিক উপাত্ত</a></li> <li><a href="https://bn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ভৌগোলিক তথ্য ব্যবস্থা">ভৌগোলিক তথ্য ব্যবস্থা</a></li> <li><a href="https://bn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ভূতথ্যবিজ্ঞান">ভূতথ্যবিজ্ঞান</a></li> <li><a href="https://bn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="বিশ্বের মানচিত্রসমূহ">বিশ্বের মানচিত্রসমূহ</a></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"> <h2 id="তথ্যসূত্র"><span id=".E0.A6.A4.E0.A6.A5.E0.A7.8D.E0.A6.AF.E0.A6.B8.E0.A7.82.E0.A6.A4.E0.A7.8D.E0.A6.B0"></span>তথ্যসূত্র</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://bn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AA&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="অনুচ্ছেদ সম্পাদনা: তথ্যসূত্র" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>সম্পাদনা</span> </a> </span> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r7391394">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style> <div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://bn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Carlos A. Furuti. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.progonos.com/furuti/MapProj/Normal/ProjCon/projCon.html">"Conic Projections"</a></span></li> </ol> </div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"> <h2 id="বহিঃসংযোগ"><span id=".E0.A6.AC.E0.A6.B9.E0.A6.BF.E0.A6.83.E0.A6.B8.E0.A6.82.E0.A6.AF.E0.A7.8B.E0.A6.97"></span>বহিঃসংযোগ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://bn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AA&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="অনুচ্ছেদ সম্পাদনা: বহিঃসংযোগ" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>সম্পাদনা</span> </a> </span> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5626229">.mw-parser-output .sister-box{border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0;background:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .sister-box>div{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box>div>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline;font-size:88%;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em 0 0;padding:0 2em}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;padding:0.2em 0;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px;line-height:22px}.mw-parser-output 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class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 27px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="27" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span></span><span class="sister-link">কমন্স হতে <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/category:Map_projections" class="extiw" title="c:category:Map projections">মিডিয়া</a></span></li> <li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/27px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 27px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/27px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="27" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/41px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/54px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span></span><span class="sister-link">উইকিউপাত্ত হতে <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186386" class="extiw" title="d:Q186386">উপাত্ত</a></span></li> </ul> </div> <ul> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1453/report.pdf">"An Album of Map Projections"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(পিডিএফ)</span>।</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=An+Album+of+Map+Projections&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpubs.usgs.gov%2Fpp%2F1453%2Freport.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbn.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0+%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AA" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">উদ্ধৃতি টেমপ্লেট ইংরেজি প্যারামিটার ব্যবহার করেছে (<a href="https://bn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%80:%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F_%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9B%E0%A7%87?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="বিষয়শ্রেণী:উদ্ধৃতি টেমপ্লেট ইংরেজি প্যারামিটার ব্যবহার করেছে">link</a>) </span> <span style="font-size:85%;">(12.6 MB)</span>, U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1453, by John P. Snyder (USGS) and Philip M. Voxland (U. Minnesota), 1989.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.mapthematics.com/Projections/Images/Cornucopia33.jpg">A Cornucopia of Map Projections</a>, a visualization of distortion on a vast array of map projections in a single image.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.giss.nasa.gov/tools/gprojector/">G.Projector</a>, free software can render many projections (<a href="https://bn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/NASA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="NASA">NASA</a> <a href="https://bn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=GISS&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="GISS (পাতার অস্তিত্ব নেই)">GISS</a>).</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.mapthematics.com/ProjectionsList.php">Color images of map projections and distortion</a> (Mapthematics.com).</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://kartoweb.itc.nl/geometrics/Map%2520projections/body.htm">Geometric aspects of mapping: map projection</a> (KartoWeb.itc.nl).</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.se16.info/js/mapproj.htm">Java world map projections</a>, Henry Bottomley (SE16.info).</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://mathworld.wolfram.com/topics/MapProjections.html">Map Projections</a> (MathWorld).</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.mapref.org/">MapRef: The Internet Collection of MapProjections and Reference Systems in Europe</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://trac.osgeo.org/proj/">PROJ.4 – Cartographic Projections Library</a> <a href="https://bn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ওয়েব্যাক মেশিন">ওয়েব্যাক মেশিনে</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20120730033254/http://trac.osgeo.org/proj/">আর্কাইভকৃত</a> ৩০ জুলাই ২০১২ তারিখে.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.radicalcartography.net/?projectionref">Projection Reference</a> Table of examples and properties of all common projections (RadicalCartography.net).</li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://kartoweb.itc.nl/geometrics/Map%2520projections/Understanding%2520Map%2520Projections.pdf">"Understanding Map Projections"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(পিডিএফ)</span>।</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Understanding+Map+Projections&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkartoweb.itc.nl%2Fgeometrics%2FMap%2520projections%2FUnderstanding%2520Map%2520Projections.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbn.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0+%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AA" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">উদ্ধৃতি টেমপ্লেট ইংরেজি প্যারামিটার ব্যবহার করেছে (<a href="https://bn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%80:%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F_%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9B%E0%A7%87?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="বিষয়শ্রেণী:উদ্ধৃতি টেমপ্লেট ইংরেজি প্যারামিটার ব্যবহার করেছে">link</a>) </span> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1.70 MB)</span>, Melita Kennedy (<a href="https://bn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Esri&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Esri (পাতার অস্তিত্ব নেই)">Esri</a>).</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://demonstrations.wolfram.com/WorldMapProjections/">World Map Projections</a>, <a href="https://bn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Stephen_Wolfram&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Stephen Wolfram (পাতার অস্তিত্ব নেই)">Stephen Wolfram</a> based on work by Yu-Sung Chang (<a href="https://bn-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Wolfram_Demonstrations_Project&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Wolfram Demonstrations Project (পাতার অস্তিত্ব নেই)">Wolfram Demonstrations Project</a>).</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://map-projections.net/">Compare Map Projections</a></li> </ul> <div class="navbox-styles"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6682028">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="AdibHossain999" data-user-gender="unknown" data-timestamp="1730528412"> <span>০৬:২০, ২ নভেম্বর ২০২৪ তারিখে সর্বশেষ সম্পাদিত</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>ভাষা</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A5%25D8%25B3%25D9%2582%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B7_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25AE%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7%25D8%25A6%25D8%25B7" title="إسقاط الخرائط - আরবি" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إسقاط الخرائط" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="আরবি" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proyeici%25C3%25B3n_cartogr%25C3%25A1fica" title="Proyeición cartográfica - আস্তুরিয়" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Proyeición cartográfica" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="আস্তুরিয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kartoqrafik_proyeksiyalar" title="Kartoqrafik proyeksiyalar - আজারবাইজানী" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kartoqrafik proyeksiyalar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="আজারবাইজানী" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D1%2584%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA_%25D0%25BF%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BA%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580" title="Картографик проекциялар - বাশকির" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Картографик проекциялар" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="বাশকির" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D1%2584%25D1%2596%25D1%2587%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%25D1%258F_%25D0%25BF%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BA%25D1%2586%25D1%258B%25D1%258F" title="Картаграфічная праекцыя - বেলারুশিয়" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Картаграфічная праекцыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="বেলারুশিয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D1%2584%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0_%25D0%25BF%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BA%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Картографска проекция - বুলগেরিয়" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Картографска проекция" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="বুলগেরিয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B6%25E0%25A4%25BE_%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B6%25E0%25A4%25A8" title="नक्शा प्रोजेक्शन - Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="नक्शा प्रोजेक्शन" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projecci%25C3%25B3_cartogr%25C3%25A0fica" title="Projecció cartogràfica - কাতালান" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Projecció cartogràfica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="কাতালান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapov%25C3%25A9_zobrazen%25C3%25AD" title="Mapové zobrazení - চেক" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mapové zobrazení" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="চেক" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kortprojektion" title="Kortprojektion - ডেনিশ" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kortprojektion" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="ডেনিশ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kartennetzentwurf" title="Kartennetzentwurf - জার্মান" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kartennetzentwurf" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="জার্মান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%25A7%25CE%25B1%25CF%2581%25CF%2584%25CE%25BF%25CE%25B3%25CF%2581%25CE%25B1%25CF%2586%25CE%25B9%25CE%25BA%25CE%25AE_%25CF%2580%25CF%2581%25CE%25BF%25CE%25B2%25CE%25BF%25CE%25BB%25CE%25AE" title="Χαρτογραφική προβολή - গ্রিক" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χαρτογραφική προβολή" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="গ্রিক" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Map_projection" title="Map projection - ইংরেজি" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Map projection" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ইংরেজি" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proyecci%25C3%25B3n_cartogr%25C3%25A1fica" title="Proyección cartográfica - স্প্যানিশ" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Proyección cartográfica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="স্প্যানিশ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaardiprojektsioon" title="Kaardiprojektsioon - এস্তোনীয়" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kaardiprojektsioon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="এস্তোনীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proiekzio_kartografiko" title="Proiekzio kartografiko - বাস্ক" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Proiekzio kartografiko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="বাস্ক" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B3%25DB%258C%25D8%25B3%25D8%25AA%25D9%2585_%25D8%25AA%25D8%25B5%25D9%2588%25DB%258C%25D8%25B1_%25D9%2586%25D9%2582%25D8%25B4%25D9%2587" title="سیستم تصویر نقشه - ফার্সি" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سیستم تصویر نقشه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="ফার্সি" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karttaprojektio" title="Karttaprojektio - ফিনিশ" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Karttaprojektio" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ফিনিশ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projection_cartographique" title="Projection cartographique - ফরাসি" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Projection cartographique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ফরাসি" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teilgean_l%25C3%25A9arsc%25C3%25A1ile" title="Teilgean léarscáile - আইরিশ" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Teilgean léarscáile" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="আইরিশ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxecci%25C3%25B3n_cartogr%25C3%25A1fica" title="Proxección cartográfica - গ্যালিশিয়" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Proxección cartográfica" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="গ্যালিশিয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2594%25D7%2599%25D7%2598%25D7%259C_(%25D7%2599%25D7%2599%25D7%25A6%25D7%2595%25D7%2592_%25D7%2592%25D7%25A8%25D7%25A4%25D7%2599)" title="היטל (ייצוג גרפי) - হিব্রু" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="היטל (ייצוג גרפי)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="হিব্রু" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A4%259A%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0_%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B7%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%25AA" title="मानचित्र प्रक्षेप - হিন্দি" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मानचित्र प्रक्षेप" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="হিন্দি" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kartografska_projekcija" title="Kartografska projekcija - ক্রোয়েশীয়" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kartografska projekcija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="ক্রোয়েশীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pwojeksyon_konik" title="Pwojeksyon konik - হাইতিয়ান ক্রেওল" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Pwojeksyon konik" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="হাইতিয়ান ক্রেওল" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vet%25C3%25BClettan" title="Vetülettan - হাঙ্গেরীয়" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Vetülettan" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="হাঙ্গেরীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proyeksi_peta" title="Proyeksi peta - ইন্দোনেশীয়" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Proyeksi peta" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="ইন্দোনেশীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kortav%25C3%25B6rpun" title="Kortavörpun - আইসল্যান্ডীয়" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kortavörpun" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="আইসল্যান্ডীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proiezione_cartografica" title="Proiezione cartografica - ইতালিয়" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Proiezione cartografica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ইতালিয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%258A%2595%25E5%25BD%25B1%25E6%25B3%2595_(%25E5%259C%25B0%25E5%259B%25B3)" title="投影法 (地図) - জাপানি" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="投影法 (地図)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="জাপানি" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D1%2584%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F%25D0%25BB%25D1%258B%25D2%259B_%25D0%25BF%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BA%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Картографиялық проекция - কাজাখ" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Картографиялық проекция" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="কাজাখ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EC%25A7%2580%25EB%258F%2584_%25ED%2588%25AC%25EC%2598%2581%25EB%25B2%2595" title="지도 투영법 - কোরিয়ান" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="지도 투영법" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="কোরিয়ান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D1%2584%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F%25D0%25BB%25D1%258B%25D0%25BA_%25D0%25BF%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BA%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580" title="Картографиялык проекциялар - কির্গিজ" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Картографиялык проекциялар" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="কির্গিজ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projektiounsmodell" title="Projektiounsmodell - লুক্সেমবার্গীয়" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Projektiounsmodell" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="লুক্সেমবার্গীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kartografin%25C4%2597_projekcija" title="Kartografinė projekcija - লিথুয়েনীয়" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kartografinė projekcija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="লিথুয়েনীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D1%2584%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0_%25D0%25BF%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BA%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D1%2598%25D0%25B0" title="Картографска проекција - ম্যাসিডোনীয়" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Картографска проекција" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="ম্যাসিডোনীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unjuran_peta" title="Unjuran peta - মালয়" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Unjuran peta" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="মালয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaartprojectie" title="Kaartprojectie - ওলন্দাজ" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kaartprojectie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ওলন্দাজ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kartprojeksjon" title="Kartprojeksjon - নরওয়েজিয়ান বোকমাল" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kartprojeksjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="নরওয়েজিয়ান বোকমাল" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projeccion_cartografica" title="Projeccion cartografica - অক্সিটান" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Projeccion cartografica" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="অক্সিটান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odwzorowanie_kartograficzne" title="Odwzorowanie kartograficzne - পোলিশ" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Odwzorowanie kartograficzne" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="পোলিশ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proje%25C3%25A7%25C3%25A3o_cartogr%25C3%25A1fica" title="Projeção cartográfica - পর্তুগীজ" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Projeção cartográfica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="পর্তুগীজ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proiec%25C8%259Bie_cartografic%25C4%2583" title="Proiecție cartografică - রোমানীয়" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Proiecție cartografică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="রোমানীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D1%2584%25D0%25B8%25D1%2587%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0%25D1%258F_%25D0%25BF%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BA%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Картографическая проекция - রুশ" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Картографическая проекция" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="রুশ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Map_projection" title="Map projection - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Map projection" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kartografska_projekcija" title="Kartografska projekcija - স্লোভেনীয়" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kartografska projekcija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="স্লোভেনীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D1%2584%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0_%25D0%25BF%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D1%2598%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BA%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D1%2598%25D0%25B0" title="Картографска пројекција - সার্বীয়" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Картографска пројекција" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="সার্বীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kartprojektion" title="Kartprojektion - সুইডিশ" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kartprojektion" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="সুইডিশ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%25AA%25E0%25B9%2589%25E0%25B8%2599%25E0%25B9%2582%25E0%25B8%2584%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%2587%25E0%25B9%2581%25E0%25B8%259C%25E0%25B8%2599%25E0%25B8%2597%25E0%25B8%25B5%25E0%25B9%2588" title="เส้นโครงแผนที่ - থাই" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เส้นโครงแผนที่" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="থাই" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harita_projeksiyonu" title="Harita projeksiyonu - তুর্কী" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Harita projeksiyonu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="তুর্কী" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B3%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D1%2584%25D1%2596%25D1%2587%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0_%25D0%25BF%25D1%2580%25D0%25BE%25D1%2594%25D0%25BA%25D1%2586%25D1%2596%25D1%258F" title="Картографічна проєкція - ইউক্রেনীয়" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Картографічна проєкція" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ইউক্রেনীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xaritagrafik_proyeksiyalar" title="Xaritagrafik proyeksiyalar - উজবেক" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Xaritagrafik proyeksiyalar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="উজবেক" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%259C%25B0%25E5%259B%25BE%25E6%258A%2595%25E5%25BD%25B1" title="地图投影 - চীনা" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="地图投影" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="চীনা" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%259C%25B0%25E5%259C%2596%25E6%258A%2595%25E5%25BD%25B1" title="地圖投影 - ক্যান্টোনিজ" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="地圖投影" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="ক্যান্টোনিজ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> 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