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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Stellar system</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Stellar_system-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Stellar system subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Stellar_system-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Procyon_A" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Procyon_A"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Procyon A</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Procyon_A-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Oscillations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oscillations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Oscillations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oscillations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Procyon_B" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Procyon_B"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Procyon B</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Procyon_B-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-X-ray_emission" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#X-ray_emission"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>X-ray emission</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-X-ray_emission-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology_and_cultural_significance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_and_cultural_significance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Etymology and cultural significance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_and_cultural_significance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-View_from_this_system" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#View_from_this_system"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>View from this system</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-View_from_this_system-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Procyon</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 58 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-58" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">58 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procyon" title="Procyon – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Procyon" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="الشعرى الشامية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الشعرى الشامية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procyon_(estrella)" title="Procyon (estrella) – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Procyon (estrella)" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prosion" title="Prosion – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Prosion" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%91%D0%BD" title="Працыён – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Працыён" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%91%D0%BD" title="Працыён – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Працыён" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Процион – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Процион" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proci%C3%B3" title="Proció – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Proció" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prokyon" title="Prokyon – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Prokyon" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prokyon" title="Prokyon – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Prokyon" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prook%C3%BCon" title="Prooküon – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Prooküon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%8D%CF%89%CE%BD" title="Προκύων – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Προκύων" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procyon_(estrella)" title="Procyon (estrella) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Procyon (estrella)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prociono_(stelo)" title="Prociono (stelo) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Prociono (stelo)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procyon" title="Procyon – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Procyon" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C" title="شعرای شامی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شعرای شامی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procyon" title="Procyon – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Procyon" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%ED%82%A4%EC%98%A8" title="프로키온 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="프로키온" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE" title="प्रस्वा तारा – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="प्रस्वा तारा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procyon" title="Procyon – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Procyon" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procione_(astronomia)" title="Procione (astronomia) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Procione (astronomia)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9F" title="פרוקיון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פרוקיון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Процион – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Процион" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eehray%C3%AA_%C5%9Eam%C3%AA" title="Şehrayê Şamê – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Şehrayê Şamê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procyon" title="Procyon – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Procyon" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procyon" title="Procyon – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Procyon" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prokionas" title="Prokionas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Prokionas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procyon_(csillag)" title="Procyon (csillag) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Procyon (csillag)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Прокион – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Прокион" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE" title="प्रश्वा – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="प्रश्वा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%85%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA" title="ပရိုစီယွန် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ပရိုစီယွန်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procyon_(ster)" title="Procyon (ster) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Procyon (ster)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE" title="प्रस्वा तारा – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="प्रस्वा तारा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%97%E3%83%AD%E3%82%AD%E3%82%AA%E3%83%B3" title="プロキオン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="プロキオン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procyon" title="Procyon – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Procyon" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procyon" title="Procyon – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Procyon" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protsion" title="Protsion – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Protsion" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86" title="پروکیون – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="پروکیون" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prokyon" title="Prokyon – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Prokyon" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procjon" title="Procjon – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Procjon" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%B3cion" title="Prócion – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Prócion" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procyon" title="Procyon – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Procyon" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Процион – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Процион" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procyon" title="Procyon – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Procyon" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proky%C3%B3n" title="Prokyón – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Prokyón" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prokijon" title="Prokijon – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Prokijon" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Процион – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Процион" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procyon" title="Procyon – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Procyon" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procyon" title="Procyon – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Procyon" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Прокион – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Прокион" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procyon" title="Procyon – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Procyon" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Проціон – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Проціон" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procyon" title="Procyon – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Procyon" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Jupiter_and_moon.png/20px-Jupiter_and_moon.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Jupiter_and_moon.png/30px-Jupiter_and_moon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Jupiter_and_moon.png/40px-Jupiter_and_moon.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wikisky.org/?ra=7.6550277777778&de=5.2247222222222&zoom=2&show_grid=1&show_constellation_lines=1&show_constellation_boundaries=1&show_const_names=1&show_galaxies=1&img_source=IMG_all">07<sup>h</sup> 39<sup>m</sup> 18.1<sup>s</sup>, +05° 13′ 29″</a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Star in the constellation Canis Minor</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the star. For the genus of raccoons, see <a href="/wiki/Procyon_(genus)" title="Procyon (genus)">Procyon (genus)</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Procyon_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Procyon (disambiguation)">Procyon (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox" style="width: 22em; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em"> <caption style="font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold">Procyon </caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div style="text-align: center; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Position_Alpha_Cmi.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Position_Alpha_Cmi.png/250px-Position_Alpha_Cmi.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/Position_Alpha_Cmi.png 1.5x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="300" /></a></span><br />The position of Procyon</div></td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: center; background-color: #FFFFC0;" colspan="2">Observation data<br /><a href="/wiki/Epoch_(astronomy)" title="Epoch (astronomy)">Epoch</a> J2000      <a href="/wiki/Equinox_(celestial_coordinates)" title="Equinox (celestial coordinates)">Equinox</a> J2000 </th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top"> <th style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Constellation" title="Constellation">Constellation</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Canis_Minor" title="Canis Minor">Canis Minor</a> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top"> <th style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_English" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:IPA for English">Pronunciation</a> </th> <td><span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span><span title="/./: syllable break">.</span><span title="/ɒ/: 'o' in 'body'">ɒ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">PROH</span>-see-on</i></a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top"> <th style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Right_ascension" title="Right ascension">Right ascension</a></span> </th> <td><span class="nowrap">07<sup>h</sup> 39<sup>m</sup> 18.11950<sup>s</sup></span><sup id="cite_ref-aaa474_2_653_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aaa474_2_653-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top"> <th style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Declination" title="Declination">Declination</a> </th> <td>+05° 13′ 29.9552″<sup id="cite_ref-aaa474_2_653_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aaa474_2_653-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top"> <th style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Apparent_magnitude" title="Apparent magnitude">Apparent magnitude</a> (V)</span> </th> <td>0.34<sup id="cite_ref-aaa413_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aaa413-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (A) / 10.7<sup id="cite_ref-ApJ119_2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ApJ119_2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (B) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #FFFFC0; text-align: center;" colspan="2">Characteristics </th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top"> <th style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Stellar_classification" title="Stellar classification">Spectral type</a> </th> <td>F5 IV–V<sup id="cite_ref-aaa413_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aaa413-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> + DQZ<sup id="cite_ref-Provencal2002_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Provencal2002-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top"> <th style="text-align:left">U−B <a href="/wiki/Color_index" title="Color index">color index</a> </th> <td>+0.00<sup id="cite_ref-eggen_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eggen-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top"> <th style="text-align:left">B−V <a href="/wiki/Color_index" title="Color index">color index</a> </th> <td>+0.42<sup id="cite_ref-eggen_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eggen-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top"> <th style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Variable_star" title="Variable star">Variable type</a> </th> <td>suspected<sup id="cite_ref-gcvs_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gcvs-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (A) </td></tr> <tr><th style="background-color: #FFFFC0; text-align: center;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Astrometry" title="Astrometry">Astrometry</a></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align: center"></th></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Radial_velocity" title="Radial velocity">Radial velocity</a> (R<sub>v</sub>)</b></td><td>−3.2<sup id="cite_ref-rv_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rv-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> km/s</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Proper_motion" title="Proper motion">Proper motion</a> (μ)</b></td><td> <abbr title="Right Ascension">RA:</abbr> −714.590<sup id="cite_ref-aaa474_2_653_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aaa474_2_653-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Milliarcsecond" class="mw-redirect" title="Milliarcsecond">mas</a>/<a href="/wiki/Year" title="Year">yr</a> <br /> <abbr title="Declination">Dec.:</abbr> −1036.80<sup id="cite_ref-aaa474_2_653_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aaa474_2_653-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Milliarcsecond" class="mw-redirect" title="Milliarcsecond">mas</a>/<a href="/wiki/Year" title="Year">yr</a> </td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Stellar_parallax" title="Stellar parallax">Parallax</a> (π)</b></td><td>284.56 ± 1.26 <a href="/wiki/Milliarcsecond" class="mw-redirect" title="Milliarcsecond">mas</a><sup id="cite_ref-aaa474_2_653_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aaa474_2_653-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Distance_(astronomy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Distance (astronomy)">Distance</a></b></td><td>11.46 ± 0.05 <a href="/wiki/Light-year" title="Light-year">ly</a> <br />(3.51 ± 0.02 <a href="/wiki/Parsec" title="Parsec">pc</a>)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Absolute_magnitude" title="Absolute magnitude">Absolute magnitude</a> (M<sub>V</sub>)</b></td><td>2.66/13.0<sup id="cite_ref-ApJ119_2_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ApJ119_2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align: center"></th></tr> <tr><th style="background-color: #FFFFC0; text-align: center;" colspan="2">Details</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align: center">Procyon A</th></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Stellar_mass" title="Stellar mass">Mass</a></b></td><td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000147800000000000♠"></span>1.478<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>0.012</span><sup id="cite_ref-Bond_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bond-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Solar_mass" title="Solar mass"><var>M</var><sub>☉</sub></a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Radius" title="Radius">Radius</a></b></td><td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000204800000000000♠"></span>2.048<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>0.025</span><sup id="cite_ref-aaa413_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aaa413-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Solar_radius" title="Solar radius"><var>R</var><sub>☉</sub></a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Luminosity" title="Luminosity">Luminosity</a></b></td><td>6.93<sup id="cite_ref-aaa413_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aaa413-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Solar_luminosity" title="Solar luminosity"><var>L</var><sub>☉</sub></a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline:"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Habitable_zone" title="Habitable zone">Habitable zone</a> inner limit</b></td><td>2.391 AU<sup id="cite_ref-aguirre_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aguirre-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline:"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Habitable_zone" title="Habitable zone">Habitable zone</a> outer limit</b></td><td>4.152 AU<sup id="cite_ref-aguirre_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aguirre-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Surface_gravity" title="Surface gravity">Surface gravity</a> (log <i>g</i>)</b></td><td>3.96<sup id="cite_ref-aaa413_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aaa413-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Centimetre%E2%80%93gram%E2%80%93second_system_of_units" title="Centimetre–gram–second system of units">cgs</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Effective_temperature" title="Effective temperature">Temperature</a></b></td><td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003653000000000000♠"></span>6,530<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>50</span><sup id="cite_ref-aaa413_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aaa413-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Metallicity" title="Metallicity">Metallicity</a></b> [Fe/H]</td><td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="3001500000000000000♠"></span>−0.05<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>0.03</span><sup id="cite_ref-aaa413_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aaa413-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Decimal_exponent" class="mw-redirect" title="Decimal exponent">dex</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Stellar_rotation" title="Stellar rotation">Rotation</a></b></td><td>23 days<sup id="cite_ref-mnras374_1_220_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mnras374_1_220-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Projected_rotational_velocity" class="mw-redirect" title="Projected rotational velocity">Rotational velocity</a> (<i>v</i> sin <i>i</i>)</b></td><td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000316000000000000♠"></span>3.16<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>0.50</span><sup id="cite_ref-aaa413_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aaa413-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> km/s</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Stellar_evolution" title="Stellar evolution">Age</a></b></td><td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000187000000000000♠"></span>1.87<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>0.13</span><sup id="cite_ref-Liebert2013_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Liebert2013-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Gigayear" class="mw-redirect" title="Gigayear">Gyr</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align: center">Procyon B</th></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Stellar_mass" title="Stellar mass">Mass</a></b></td><td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6999592000000000000♠"></span>0.592<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>0.006</span><sup id="cite_ref-Bond_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bond-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Solar_mass" title="Solar mass"><var>M</var><sub>☉</sub></a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Radius" title="Radius">Radius</a></b></td><td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6998123400000000000♠"></span>0.012<span style="margin-left:.25em;">34</span><span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>0.000<span style="margin-left:.25em;">32</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-Provencal2002_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Provencal2002-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Solar_radius" title="Solar radius"><var>R</var><sub>☉</sub></a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><b>Luminosity</b></td><td>0.00049<sup id="cite_ref-ApJS199_2_29_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ApJS199_2_29-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Solar_luminosity" title="Solar luminosity"><var>L</var><sub>☉</sub></a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Surface_gravity" title="Surface gravity">Surface gravity</a> (log <i>g</i>)</b></td><td>8.0<sup id="cite_ref-Provencal2002_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Provencal2002-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Centimetre%E2%80%93gram%E2%80%93second_system_of_units" title="Centimetre–gram–second system of units">cgs</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Effective_temperature" title="Effective temperature">Temperature</a></b></td><td><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003774000000000000♠"></span>7,740<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>50</span><sup id="cite_ref-Provencal2002_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Provencal2002-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Star#Age_and_size_of_stars" title="Star">Age</a></b></td><td>1.37<sup id="cite_ref-ApJS199_2_29_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ApJS199_2_29-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Gigayear" class="mw-redirect" title="Gigayear">Gyr</a></td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #FFFFC0; text-align: center;" colspan="2"><b>Position (relative to Procyon A)</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><b>Component</b></td><td>Procyon B</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Angular_distance" title="Angular distance">Angular distance</a></b></td><td>maximum 5<a href="/wiki/Arcsecond" class="mw-redirect" title="Arcsecond">″</a> </td></tr> <tr><th style="background-color: #FFFFC0; text-align: center;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Orbit" title="Orbit">Orbit</a><sup id="cite_ref-Bond_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bond-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><b>Companion</b></td><td>Procyon B</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Orbital_period" title="Orbital period">Period</a> (P)</b></td><td>40.840 ± 0.022 <a href="/wiki/Year" title="Year">yr</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Semi-major_axis" class="mw-redirect" title="Semi-major axis">Semi-major axis</a> (a)</b></span></td><td>4.3075 ± 0.0016″</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Eccentricity_(orbit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eccentricity (orbit)">Eccentricity</a> (e)</b></td><td>0.39785 ± 0.00025</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Inclination" class="mw-redirect" title="Inclination">Inclination</a> (i)</b></td><td>31.408 ± 0.050°</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Longitude_of_the_node" class="mw-redirect" title="Longitude of the node">Longitude of the node</a> (Ω)</b></span></td><td>100.683 ± 0.095°</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Periastron" class="mw-redirect" title="Periastron">Periastron</a> <a href="/wiki/Epoch_(astronomy)" title="Epoch (astronomy)">epoch</a> (T)</b></span></td><td>1,968.076 ± 0.023</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Argument_of_periastron" class="mw-redirect" title="Argument of periastron">Argument of periastron</a> (ω)</b></span><br />(secondary)</td><td>89.23 ± 0.11°</td></tr><tr><th style="background-color: #FFFFC0; text-align: center;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Star_catalogue" title="Star catalogue">Other designations</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><div style="width: 250px;"> Elgomaisa<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <a href="/wiki/Bayer_designation" title="Bayer designation">α Canis Minoris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flamsteed_designation" title="Flamsteed designation">10 Canis Minoris</a>, <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bonner_Durchmusterung" class="mw-redirect" title="Bonner Durchmusterung">BD</a>+05°1739</span>, <a href="/wiki/Gliese_Catalogue_of_Nearby_Stars" title="Gliese Catalogue of Nearby Stars">GJ</a> 280, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Draper_Catalogue" title="Henry Draper Catalogue">HD</a> 61421, <a href="/wiki/Hipparcos_Catalogue" class="mw-redirect" title="Hipparcos Catalogue">HIP</a> 37279, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_Revised_catalogue" class="mw-redirect" title="Harvard Revised catalogue">HR</a> 2943, <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Astrophysical_Observatory_Star_Catalog" title="Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Star Catalog">SAO</a> 115756, <a href="/wiki/Luyten_Half-Second_Catalogue" class="mw-redirect" title="Luyten Half-Second Catalogue">LHS</a> 233<sup id="cite_ref-SIMBAD_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SIMBAD-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </div></td></tr> <tr><th style="background-color: #FFFFC0; text-align: center;" colspan="2">Database references</th></tr><tr style="vertical-align: top;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/SIMBAD" title="SIMBAD">SIMBAD</a></b></td><td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://simbad.cds.unistra.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=HR+2943">The system</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align: top;"><td></td><td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://simbad.cds.unistra.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=*+alf+CMi+A">A</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align: top;"><td></td><td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://simbad.cds.unistra.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=*+alf+CMi+B">B</a></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Procyon</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span><span title="/./: syllable break">.</span><span title="/ɒ/: 'o' in 'body'">ɒ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span></span>/</a></span></span>)<sup id="cite_ref-Kunitzsch_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kunitzsch-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is the brightest <a href="/wiki/Star" title="Star">star</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Constellation" title="Constellation">constellation</a> of <a href="/wiki/Canis_Minor" title="Canis Minor">Canis Minor</a> and usually the <a href="/wiki/List_of_brightest_stars" title="List of brightest stars">eighth-brightest star</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Night_sky" title="Night sky">night sky</a>, with an <a href="/wiki/Apparent_visual_magnitude" class="mw-redirect" title="Apparent visual magnitude">apparent visual magnitude</a> of 0.34.<sup id="cite_ref-aaa413_3-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aaa413-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has the <a href="/wiki/Bayer_designation" title="Bayer designation">Bayer designation</a> <b>α Canis Minoris</b>, which is <a href="/wiki/Latinisation_of_names" title="Latinisation of names">Latinized</a> to <b>Alpha Canis Minoris</b>, and abbreviated <b>α CMi</b> or <b>Alpha CMi</b>, respectively. As determined by the <a href="/wiki/European_Space_Agency" title="European Space Agency">European Space Agency</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Hipparcos" title="Hipparcos">Hipparcos</a></i> astrometry satellite,<sup id="cite_ref-GSM_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GSM-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> this system lies at a distance of just 11.46 <a href="/wiki/Light-year" title="Light-year">light-years</a> (3.51 <a href="/wiki/Parsec" title="Parsec">parsecs</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-aaa474_2_653_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aaa474_2_653-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is therefore one of Earth's <a href="/wiki/List_of_nearest_stars_and_brown_dwarfs" class="mw-redirect" title="List of nearest stars and brown dwarfs">nearest stellar neighbors</a>. </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/Binary_star" title="Binary star">binary star</a> system, Procyon consists of a white-hued <a href="/wiki/Main-sequence_star" class="mw-redirect" title="Main-sequence star">main-sequence star</a> of <a href="/wiki/Spectral_type" class="mw-redirect" title="Spectral type">spectral type</a> F5 IV–V, designated component A, in orbit with a faint <a href="/wiki/White_dwarf" title="White dwarf">white dwarf</a> companion of spectral type DQZ,<sup id="cite_ref-Provencal2002_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Provencal2002-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> named Procyon B. The pair orbit each other with a <a href="/wiki/Orbital_period" title="Orbital period">period</a> of 40.84 years and an <a href="/wiki/Orbital_eccentricity" title="Orbital eccentricity">eccentricity</a> of 0.4. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Observation">Observation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Procyon&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Observation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hubble_heic0206j.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Hubble_heic0206j.jpg/220px-Hubble_heic0206j.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Hubble_heic0206j.jpg/330px-Hubble_heic0206j.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Hubble_heic0206j.jpg/440px-Hubble_heic0206j.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="889" /></a><figcaption>Procyon (<i>top left</i>), <a href="/wiki/Betelgeuse" title="Betelgeuse">Betelgeuse</a> (<i>top right</i>) and <a href="/wiki/Sirius" title="Sirius">Sirius</a> (<i>bottom</i>) form the <a href="/wiki/Winter_Triangle" title="Winter Triangle">Winter Triangle</a>. <a href="/wiki/Orion_(constellation)" title="Orion (constellation)">Orion</a> is to the right. Viewed from Northern Hemisphere</figcaption></figure> <p>Procyon is usually the eighth-brightest star in the night sky, <a href="/wiki/Culmination" title="Culmination">culminating</a> at midnight on 14 January.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchaaf2008257_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchaaf2008257-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It forms one of the three <a href="/wiki/Vertex_(geometry)" title="Vertex (geometry)">vertices</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Winter_Triangle" title="Winter Triangle">Winter Triangle</a> <a href="/wiki/Asterism_(astronomy)" title="Asterism (astronomy)">asterism</a>, in combination with <a href="/wiki/Sirius" title="Sirius">Sirius</a> and <a href="/wiki/Betelgeuse" title="Betelgeuse">Betelgeuse</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchaaf2008166_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchaaf2008166-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The prime period for evening viewing of Procyon is in late winter in the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Hemisphere" title="Northern Hemisphere">Northern Hemisphere</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchaaf2008257_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchaaf2008257-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It has a <a href="/wiki/Color_index" title="Color index">color index</a> of 0.42, and its hue has been described as having a faint yellow tinge to it.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchaaf2008166_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchaaf2008166-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Stellar_system">Stellar system</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Procyon&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Stellar system"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Procyon is a <a href="/wiki/Binary_star" title="Binary star">binary star</a> system with a bright primary component, Procyon A, having an apparent magnitude of 0.34,<sup id="cite_ref-aaa413_3-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aaa413-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a faint companion, Procyon B, at magnitude 10.7.<sup id="cite_ref-ApJ119_2_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ApJ119_2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pair orbit each other with a <a href="/wiki/Orbital_period" title="Orbital period">period</a> of 40.84 years along an elliptical orbit with an <a href="/wiki/Orbital_eccentricity" title="Orbital eccentricity">eccentricity</a> of 0.4,<sup id="cite_ref-Bond_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bond-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> more eccentric than <a href="/wiki/Mercury_(planet)" title="Mercury (planet)">Mercury</a>'s. The <a href="/wiki/Orbital_plane" title="Orbital plane">plane</a> of their orbit is inclined at an angle of 31.1° to the line of sight with the Earth.<sup id="cite_ref-aj119_5_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aj119_5-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The average separation of the two components is <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7012224396806050000♠"></span>15.0 <a href="/wiki/Astronomical_unit" title="Astronomical unit">AU</a></span>, a little less than the distance between <a href="/wiki/Uranus" title="Uranus">Uranus</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a>, though the eccentric orbit carries them as close as 8.9 AU and as far as 21.0 AU.<sup id="cite_ref-Kaler2011_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kaler2011-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Procyon_A">Procyon A</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Procyon&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Procyon A"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The primary has a <a href="/wiki/Stellar_classification" title="Stellar classification">stellar classification</a> of F5IV–V, indicating that it is a late-stage <a href="/wiki/F-type_main-sequence_star" title="F-type main-sequence star">F-type main-sequence star</a>. Procyon A is bright for its spectral class, suggesting that it is evolving into a <a href="/wiki/Subgiant" title="Subgiant">subgiant</a> that has nearly <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_fusion" title="Nuclear fusion">fused</a> its <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen" title="Hydrogen">hydrogen</a> core into <a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Helium">helium</a>, after which it will expand as the nuclear reactions move outside the core.<sup id="cite_ref-aaa413_3-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aaa413-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As it continues to expand, the star will eventually swell to about 80 to 150 times its current diameter and become a red or orange color. This will probably happen within 10 to 100 million years.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchaaf2008168_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchaaf2008168-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Effective_temperature" title="Effective temperature">effective temperature</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Stellar_atmosphere" title="Stellar atmosphere">stellar atmosphere</a> is an estimated <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003653000000000000♠"></span>6,530 <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a></span>,<sup id="cite_ref-aaa413_3-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aaa413-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> giving Procyon A a white hue. It is 1.5 times the <a href="/wiki/Solar_mass" title="Solar mass">solar mass</a> (<a href="/wiki/Solar_mass" title="Solar mass"><var>M</var><sub>☉</sub></a>), twice the <a href="/wiki/Solar_radius" title="Solar radius">solar radius</a> (<a href="/wiki/Solar_radius" title="Solar radius"><var>R</var><sub>☉</sub></a>), and has seven times the <a href="/wiki/Sun%27s_luminosity" class="mw-redirect" title="Sun's luminosity">Sun's luminosity</a> (<a href="/wiki/Solar_luminosity" title="Solar luminosity"><var>L</var><sub>☉</sub></a>).<sup id="cite_ref-aaa413_3-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aaa413-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-aj131_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aj131-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both the core and the envelope of this star are <a href="/wiki/Convection_zone" title="Convection zone">convective</a>; the two regions being separated by a wide <a href="/wiki/Radiation_zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Radiation zone">radiation zone</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Liebert2013_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Liebert2013-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Oscillations">Oscillations</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Procyon&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Oscillations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In late June 2004, Canada's orbital <a href="/wiki/MOST_satellite_telescope" class="mw-redirect" title="MOST satellite telescope">MOST satellite telescope</a> carried out a 32-day survey of Procyon A. The continuous optical monitoring was intended to confirm <a href="/wiki/Solar-like_oscillations" title="Solar-like oscillations">solar-like oscillations</a> in its brightness observed from Earth and to permit <a href="/wiki/Asteroseismology" title="Asteroseismology">asteroseismology</a>. No <a href="/wiki/Oscillation" title="Oscillation">oscillations</a> were detected and the authors concluded that the theory of stellar oscillations may need to be reconsidered.<sup id="cite_ref-nature430_921_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nature430_921-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, others argued that the non-detection was consistent with published ground-based <a href="/wiki/Radial_velocity" title="Radial velocity">radial velocity</a> observations of solar-like oscillations.<sup id="cite_ref-nature432_7015_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nature432_7015-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-aaa432_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aaa432-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Subsequent observations in radial velocity have confirmed that Procyon is indeed oscillating.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Photometry_(astronomy)" title="Photometry (astronomy)">Photometric</a> measurements from the <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> <a href="/wiki/Wide_Field_Infrared_Explorer" title="Wide Field Infrared Explorer">Wide Field Infrared Explorer</a> (WIRE) satellite from 1999 and 2000 showed evidence of granulation (<a href="/wiki/Convection" title="Convection">convection</a> near the surface of the <a href="/wiki/Star" title="Star">star</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Solar-like_oscillations" title="Solar-like oscillations">solar-like oscillations</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-apj633_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-apj633-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unlike the MOST result, the variation seen in the WIRE photometry was in agreement with <a href="/wiki/Radial_velocity" title="Radial velocity">radial velocity</a> measurements from the ground. Additional observations with MOST taken in 2007 were able to detect oscillations.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Procyon_B">Procyon B</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Procyon&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Procyon B"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Procyonorbitillustration.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Procyonorbitillustration.jpg/220px-Procyonorbitillustration.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Procyonorbitillustration.jpg/330px-Procyonorbitillustration.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Procyonorbitillustration.jpg/440px-Procyonorbitillustration.jpg 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="384" /></a><figcaption>Orbit of Procyon B seen from above its plane</figcaption></figure> <p>Like Sirius B, Procyon B is a <a href="/wiki/White_dwarf" title="White dwarf">white dwarf</a> that was inferred from <a href="/wiki/Astrometry" title="Astrometry">astrometric</a> data long before it was observed. Its existence had been postulated by German astronomer <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Bessel" class="mw-redirect" title="Friedrich Bessel">Friedrich Bessel</a> as early as 1844, and, although its orbital elements had been calculated by his countryman <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Auwers" title="Arthur Auwers">Arthur Auwers</a> in 1862 as part of his thesis,<sup id="cite_ref-auwers_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auwers-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Procyon B was not visually confirmed until 1896 when <a href="/wiki/John_Martin_Schaeberle" title="John Martin Schaeberle">John Martin Schaeberle</a> observed it at the predicted position using the 36-inch refractor at <a href="/wiki/Lick_Observatory" title="Lick Observatory">Lick Observatory</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-burnham78_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-burnham78-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is more difficult to observe from Earth than Sirius B, due to a greater <a href="/wiki/Apparent_magnitude" title="Apparent magnitude">apparent magnitude</a> difference and smaller angular separation from its primary.<sup id="cite_ref-Kaler2011_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kaler2011-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At 0.6 <a href="/wiki/Solar_mass" title="Solar mass"><var>M</var><sub>☉</sub></a>, Procyon B is considerably less massive than Sirius B; however, the peculiarities of <a href="/wiki/Degenerate_matter" title="Degenerate matter">degenerate matter</a> ensure that it is larger than its more famous neighbor, with an estimated radius of 8,600 km, versus 5,800 km for Sirius B.<sup id="cite_ref-Provencal2002_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Provencal2002-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-apj497_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-apj497-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The radius agrees with white dwarf models that assume a carbon core.<sup id="cite_ref-Provencal2002_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Provencal2002-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has a <a href="/wiki/Stellar_classification" title="Stellar classification">stellar classification</a> of DQZ,<sup id="cite_ref-Provencal2002_5-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Provencal2002-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> having a helium-dominated atmosphere with traces of heavy elements. For reasons that remain unclear, the mass of Procyon B is unusually low for a white dwarf star of its type.<sup id="cite_ref-Liebert2013_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Liebert2013-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With a surface temperature of <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003774000000000000♠"></span>7740 <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a></span>, it is also much cooler than Sirius B; this is a testament to its lesser mass and greater age. The mass of the progenitor star for Procyon B was about <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7030515034449999999♠"></span>2.59<span style="margin-left:0.3em;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:85%;text-align:right;">+0.22<br />−0.18</span></span> <i>M</i><sub>☉</sub></span> and it came to the end of its life some <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000119000000000000♠"></span>1.19<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>0.11</span> billion years ago, after a main-sequence lifetime of <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7002680000000000000♠"></span>680<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>170</span> million years.<sup id="cite_ref-Liebert2013_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Liebert2013-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="X-ray_emission">X-ray emission</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Procyon&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: X-ray emission"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Attempts to detect X-ray emission from Procyon with nonimaging, <a href="/wiki/Soft_X-ray" class="mw-redirect" title="Soft X-ray">soft X-ray</a>-sensitive detectors prior to 1975 failed.<sup id="cite_ref-apj202_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-apj202-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Extensive observations of Procyon were carried out with the <a href="/wiki/Orbiting_Astronomical_Observatory#OAO-3_(Copernicus)" title="Orbiting Astronomical Observatory"><i>Copernicus</i></a> and <a href="/wiki/TD-1A" title="TD-1A">TD-1A</a> satellites in the late 1970s.<sup id="cite_ref-apj228_1_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-apj228_1-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The X-ray source associated with Procyon AB was observed on 1 April 1979, with the <a href="/wiki/Einstein_Observatory" title="Einstein Observatory">Einstein Observatory</a> high-resolution imager (HRI).<sup id="cite_ref-apj540_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-apj540-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The HRI X-ray pointlike source location is ~4″ south of Procyon A, on the edge of the 90% confidence error circle, indicating identification with Procyon A rather than Procyon B which was located about 5″ north of Procyon A (about 9″ from the X-ray source location).<sup id="cite_ref-apj228_1_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-apj228_1-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology_and_cultural_significance">Etymology and cultural significance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Procyon&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Etymology and cultural significance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>α Canis Minoris</i> (<a href="/wiki/Latinisation_of_names" title="Latinisation of names">Latinized</a> to <i>Alpha Canis Minoris</i>) is the <a href="/wiki/Star" title="Star">star</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Bayer_designation" title="Bayer designation">Bayer designation</a>. </p><p>The name <i>Procyon</i> comes from the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Ancient Greek</a> <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Προκύων</span></span> (<i><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">Prokyon</i></span></i>), meaning "before the dog", since it precedes the "Dog Star" <a href="/wiki/Sirius" title="Sirius">Sirius</a> as it travels across the sky due to <a href="/wiki/Earth%27s_rotation" title="Earth's rotation">Earth's rotation</a>. (Although Procyon has a greater <a href="/wiki/Right_ascension" title="Right ascension">right ascension</a>, it also has a more northerly <a href="/wiki/Declination" title="Declination">declination</a>, which means it will rise above the <a href="/wiki/Horizon" title="Horizon">horizon</a> earlier than Sirius from most northerly latitudes.) In Greek mythology, Procyon is associated with <a href="/wiki/Maera_(hound)" title="Maera (hound)">Maera</a>, a hound belonging to <a href="/wiki/Erigone_(daughter_of_Icarius)" title="Erigone (daughter of Icarius)">Erigone</a>, daughter of <a href="/wiki/Icarius" title="Icarius">Icarius</a> of Athens.<sup id="cite_ref-mw1999_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mw1999-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2016, the <a href="/wiki/International_Astronomical_Union" title="International Astronomical Union">International Astronomical Union</a> organized a <a href="/wiki/Working_Group_on_Star_Names" class="mw-redirect" title="Working Group on Star Names">Working Group on Star Names</a> (WGSN)<sup id="cite_ref-WGSN_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WGSN-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to catalog and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN's first bulletin of July 2016<sup id="cite_ref-WGSN1_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WGSN1-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> included a table of the first two batches of names approved by the WGSN; which included <i>Procyon</i> for the star α Canis Minoris A. </p><p>The two dog stars are referred to in the most ancient literature and were venerated by the <a href="/wiki/Babylonians" class="mw-redirect" title="Babylonians">Babylonians</a> and the Egyptians, In Babylonian mythology, Procyon was known as Nangar (the Carpenter), an aspect of <a href="/wiki/Marduk" title="Marduk">Marduk</a>, involved in constructing and organizing the celestial sky.<sup id="cite_ref-kelley11_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kelley11-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The constellations in <a href="/wiki/Slavic_Macedonians" class="mw-redirect" title="Slavic Macedonians">Macedonian</a> folklore represented agricultural items and animals, reflecting their village way of life. To them, Procyon and Sirius were <i>Volci</i> "the wolves", circling hungrily around Orion which depicted a plough with oxen.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rarer names are the Latin translation of Procyon, <i>Antecanis</i>, and the <a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a>-derived names <i>Al Shira</i> and <i>Elgomaisa</i>. Medieval <a href="/wiki/Astrolabe" title="Astrolabe">astrolabes</a> of England and Western Europe used a variant of this, <i>Algomeiza/Algomeyza</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Al Shira</i> derives from <span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">الشعرى الشامية</span></span> <i><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">aš-ši‘ra aš-šamiyah</i></span></i>, "the Syrian sign" (the other sign being Sirius; "Syria" is supposedly a reference to its northern location relative to Sirius); <i>Elgomaisa</i> derives from <span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">الغميصاء</span></span> <i><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">al-ghumaisa’</i></span></i> "the bleary-eyed (woman)", in contrast to <span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">العبور</span></span> "the teary-eyed (woman)", which is Sirius. (See <a href="/wiki/Gomeisa" class="mw-redirect" title="Gomeisa">Gomeisa</a>.) </p><p>In Chinese, <span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">南河</span></span> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><i lang="zh-Latn">Nán Hé</i></span>), meaning <i><a href="/wiki/Well_(Chinese_constellation)" title="Well (Chinese constellation)">South River</a></i>, refers to an <a href="/wiki/Asterism_(astronomy)" title="Asterism (astronomy)">asterism</a> consisting of Procyon, <a href="/wiki/%CE%95_Canis_Minoris" class="mw-redirect" title="Ε Canis Minoris">ε Canis Minoris</a> and <a href="/wiki/%CE%92_Canis_Minoris" class="mw-redirect" title="Β Canis Minoris">β Canis Minoris</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Consequently, Procyon itself is known as <span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">南河三</span></span> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><i lang="zh-Latn">Nán Hé sān</i></span>, <i>the Third Star of South River</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is part of the <a href="/wiki/Vermilion_Bird" title="Vermilion Bird">Vermilion Bird</a>. </p><p>The Hawaiians see Procyon as part of an asterism <i>Ke ka o Makali'i</i> ("the canoe <a href="/wiki/Bailer" class="mw-redirect" title="Bailer">bailer</a> of Makali'i") that helps them navigate at sea.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_language" title="Hawaiian language">Hawaiian language</a>, this star is called <i>Puana</i> ("blossom"), which is a new Hawaiian name based on the <a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_language" title="Māori language">Māori</a> name <i>Puangahori</i>. It forms this asterism <i>(Ke ka o Makali'i)</i> with the Pleiades (Makali'i), Auriga, Orion, <a href="/wiki/Capella" title="Capella">Capella</a>, Sirius, <a href="/wiki/Castor_(star)" title="Castor (star)">Castor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pollux_(star)" title="Pollux (star)">Pollux</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-brosch_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brosch-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Tahitian lore, Procyon was one of the pillars propping up the sky, known as <i>Anâ-tahu'a-vahine-o-toa-te-manava</i> ("star-the-priestess-of-brave-heart"), the pillar for elocution.<sup id="cite_ref-henry1907_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-henry1907-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Māori astronomers know the star as <i>Puangahori</i> ("False Puanga") which distinguishes it from its pair <i>Puanga</i> or <i>Puanga-rua</i> ("Blossom-cluster") which refers to a star of great importance to <a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_culture" title="Māori culture">Māori culture</a> and calendar, known by its western name Rigel.<sup id="cite_ref-Best22_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Best22-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Procyon appears on the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Brazil" title="Flag of Brazil">flag of Brazil</a>, symbolizing the state of <a href="/wiki/Amazonas_(Brazilian_state)" title="Amazonas (Brazilian state)">Amazonas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-fotw_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fotw-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Kalapalo" title="Kalapalo">Kalapalo</a> people of <a href="/wiki/Mato_Grosso" title="Mato Grosso">Mato Grosso</a> state in Brazil call Procyon and <a href="/wiki/Canopus" title="Canopus">Canopus</a> <i>Kofongo</i> ("Duck"), with Castor and Pollux representing his hands. The asterism's appearance signified the coming of the <a href="/wiki/Rainy_season" class="mw-redirect" title="Rainy season">rainy season</a> and increase in food staple <a href="/wiki/Manioc" class="mw-redirect" title="Manioc">manioc</a>, used at feasts to feed guests.<sup id="cite_ref-basso87_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-basso87-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Known as <i>Sikuliarsiujuittuq</i> to the <a href="/wiki/Inuit_astronomy" title="Inuit astronomy">Inuit</a>, Procyon was quite significant in their astronomy and mythology. Its eponymous name means "the one who never goes onto the newly formed <a href="/wiki/Sea_ice" title="Sea ice">sea ice</a>", and refers to a man who stole food from his village's hunters because he was too obese to hunt on ice. He was killed by the other hunters who convinced him to go on the sea ice. Procyon received this designation because it typically appears red (though sometimes slightly greenish) as it rises during the Arctic winter; this red color was associated with Sikuliarsiujuittuq's bloody end.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="View_from_this_system">View from this system</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Procyon&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: View from this system"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Were the <a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a> to be observed from this <a href="/wiki/Star_system" title="Star system">star system</a>, it would appear to be a <a href="/wiki/Apparent_magnitude" title="Apparent magnitude">magnitude</a> 2.55 star in the constellation <a href="/wiki/Aquila_(constellation)" title="Aquila (constellation)">Aquila</a> with the exact opposite coordinates at <a href="/wiki/Right_ascension" title="Right ascension">right ascension</a> <span class="nowrap">19<sup>h</sup> 39<sup>m</sup> 18.11950<sup>s</sup></span>, <a href="/wiki/Declination" title="Declination">declination</a> −05° 13′ 29.9552″. It would be as bright as <a href="/wiki/%CE%92_Scorpii" class="mw-redirect" title="Β Scorpii">β Scorpii</a> is in our sky. <a href="/wiki/Canis_Minor" title="Canis Minor">Canis Minor</a> would obviously be missing its brightest star. </p><p>Procyon's closest neighboring star is <a href="/wiki/Luyten%27s_Star" title="Luyten's Star">Luyten's Star</a>, about 1.12 light-years (0.34 parsecs) away.<sup id="cite_ref-Annot_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Annot-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Procyon would be the brightest star in the night sky of an exoplanet orbiting Luyten's Star, with an apparent magnitude of -4.68.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Luyten's Star would also be visible from Procyon, at an apparent magnitude of 4.61, unlike any red dwarfs from Earth. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Procyon&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stars_in_astrology#Procyon" title="Stars in astrology">Procyon in astrology</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Procyon&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The absolute magnitude <i>M<sub>v</sub></i> of Procyon is 2.66, so the apparent magnitude <i>m</i> is given by 2.66 − 5 + (5*log<sub>10</sub>(0.34)) = -4.68.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Procyon&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFReference-OED-Procyon" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/search/dictionary/?q=Procyon">"Procyon"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a></i> (Online ed.). <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Procyon&rft.btitle=Oxford+English+Dictionary&rft.edition=Online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oed.com%2Fsearch%2Fdictionary%2F%3Fq%3DProcyon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProcyon" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/public/login/loggingin#withyourlibrary">participating institution membership</a> required.)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-aaa474_2_653-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-aaa474_2_653_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-aaa474_2_653_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-aaa474_2_653_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-aaa474_2_653_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-aaa474_2_653_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-aaa474_2_653_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFvan_Leeuwen2007" class="citation cs2">van Leeuwen, F. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bulletin+of+the+IAU+Working+Group+on+Star+Names%2C+No.+1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pas.rochester.edu%2F~emamajek%2FWGSN%2FWGSN_bulletin1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProcyon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kelley11-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-kelley11_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKelley,_David_H.Milone,_Eugene_F.Aveni,_A._F.2011" class="citation book cs1">Kelley, David H.; Milone, Eugene F.; Aveni, A. F. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ILBuYcGASxcC&pg=PA217"><i>Exploring Ancient Skies: A Survey of Ancient and Cultural Astronomy</i></a>. New York City: Springer. p. 217. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1441976239" title="Special:BookSources/978-1441976239"><bdi>978-1441976239</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Exploring+Ancient+Skies%3A+A+Survey+of+Ancient+and+Cultural+Astronomy&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pages=217&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1441976239&rft.au=Kelley%2C+David+H.&rft.au=Milone%2C+Eugene+F.&rft.au=Aveni%2C+A.+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DILBuYcGASxcC%26pg%3DPA217&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProcyon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCenev,_Gjore2008" class="citation journal cs1">Cenev, Gjore (2008). "Macedonian Folk Constellations". <i>Publications of the Astronomical Observatory of Belgrade</i>. <b>85</b>: 97–109. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008POBeo..85...97C">2008POBeo..85...97C</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Publications+of+the+Astronomical+Observatory+of+Belgrade&rft.atitle=Macedonian+Folk+Constellations&rft.volume=85&rft.pages=97-109&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2008POBeo..85...97C&rft.au=Cenev%2C+Gjore&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProcyon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGingerich1987" class="citation journal cs1">Gingerich, O. (1987). "Zoomorphic Astrolabes and the Introduction of Arabic Star Names into Europe". <i>Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences</i>. <b>500</b> (1): 89–104. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1987NYASA.500...89G">1987NYASA.500...89G</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1749-6632.1987.tb37197.x">10.1111/j.1749-6632.1987.tb37197.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:84102853">84102853</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Zoomorphic+Astrolabes+and+the+Introduction+of+Arabic+Star+Names+into+Europe&rft.volume=500&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=89-104&rft.date=1987&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A84102853%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1749-6632.1987.tb37197.x&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1987NYASA.500...89G&rft.aulast=Gingerich&rft.aufirst=O.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProcyon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Chinese)</span> <i>中國星座神話</i>, written by 陳久金. Published by 台灣書房出版有限公司, 2005, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-986-7332-25-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-986-7332-25-7">978-986-7332-25-7</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Chinese)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lcsd.gov.hk/CE/Museum/Space/Research/StarName/c_research_chinengstars_e_g.htm">香港太空館 – 研究資源 – 亮星中英對照表</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110130063007/http://www.lcsd.gov.hk/CE/Museum/Space/Research/StarName/c_research_chinengstars_e_g.htm">Archived</a> 30 January 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Hong Kong Space Museum. Accessed on line 23 November 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.hokulea.com/ike/hookele/hawaiian_star_lines.html#ke_ka_o_makalii">"Hawaiian Star Lines"</a>. <i>archive.hokulea.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=archive.hokulea.com&rft.atitle=Hawaiian+Star+Lines&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.hokulea.com%2Fike%2Fhookele%2Fhawaiian_star_lines.html%23ke_ka_o_makalii&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProcyon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-brosch-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-brosch_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrosch2008" class="citation book cs1">Brosch, Noah (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ricStR4SE-UC&pg=PA46"><i>Sirius Matters</i></a>. Springer. p. 46. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4020-8318-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4020-8318-1"><bdi>978-1-4020-8318-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sirius+Matters&rft.pages=46&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-4020-8318-1&rft.aulast=Brosch&rft.aufirst=Noah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DricStR4SE-UC%26pg%3DPA46&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProcyon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-henry1907-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-henry1907_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHenry1907" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Teuira_Henry" title="Teuira Henry">Henry, Teuira</a> (1907). "Tahitian Astronomy: Birth of Heavenly Bodies". <i>The Journal of the Polynesian Society</i>. <b>16</b> (2): 101–04. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/20700813">20700813</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+the+Polynesian+Society&rft.atitle=Tahitian+Astronomy%3A+Birth+of+Heavenly+Bodies&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=101-04&rft.date=1907&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F20700813%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Henry&rft.aufirst=Teuira&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProcyon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Best22-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Best22_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBest1922" class="citation book cs1">Best, Elsdon (1922). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/tei-BesAstro-t1-body-d1-d6-d4.html"><i>Astronomical Knowledge of the Maori: Genuine and Empirical</i></a>. Wellington, New Zealand: Dominion Museum. p. 33.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Astronomical+Knowledge+of+the+Maori%3A+Genuine+and+Empirical&rft.place=Wellington%2C+New+Zealand&rft.pages=33&rft.pub=Dominion+Museum&rft.date=1922&rft.aulast=Best&rft.aufirst=Elsdon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnzetc.victoria.ac.nz%2Ftm%2Fscholarly%2Ftei-BesAstro-t1-body-d1-d6-d4.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProcyon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fotw-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-fotw_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacDonald2009" class="citation cs2">MacDonald, Ian (9 August 2009), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090628101130/https://www.fotw.info/flags/br_astro.html"><i>Astronomy of the Brazilian Flag</i></a>, FOTW Flags of the World website, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fotw.info/flags/br_astro.html">the original</a> on 28 June 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 November</span> 2011</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Astronomy+of+the+Brazilian+Flag&rft.pub=FOTW+Flags+of+the+World+website&rft.date=2009-08-09&rft.aulast=MacDonald&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fotw.info%2Fflags%2Fbr_astro.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProcyon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-basso87-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-basso87_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBasso1987" class="citation book cs1">Basso, Ellen B. (1987). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/infavorofdeceits0000bass"><i>In Favor of Deceit: A Study of Tricksters in an Amazonian Society</i></a></span>. Tucson, Arizona: University of Arizona Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/infavorofdeceits0000bass/page/360">360</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8165-1022-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8165-1022-1"><bdi>978-0-8165-1022-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=In+Favor+of+Deceit%3A+A+Study+of+Tricksters+in+an+Amazonian+Society&rft.place=Tucson%2C+Arizona&rft.pages=360&rft.pub=University+of+Arizona+Press&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-0-8165-1022-1&rft.aulast=Basso&rft.aufirst=Ellen+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Finfavorofdeceits0000bass&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProcyon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacDonald1998" class="citation book cs1">MacDonald, John (1998). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/arcticskyinuitas0000macd"><i>The Arctic sky: Inuit astronomy, star lore, and legend</i></a></span>. Toronto, Ontario/Iqaluit, NWT: Royal Ontario Museum/Nunavut Research Institute. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/arcticskyinuitas0000macd/page/72">72</a>, 231–33. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780888544278" title="Special:BookSources/9780888544278"><bdi>9780888544278</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Arctic+sky%3A+Inuit+astronomy%2C+star+lore%2C+and+legend&rft.place=Toronto%2C+Ontario%2FIqaluit%2C+NWT&rft.pages=72%2C+231-33&rft.pub=Royal+Ontario+Museum%2FNunavut+Research+Institute&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9780888544278&rft.aulast=MacDonald&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Farcticskyinuitas0000macd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProcyon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Annot-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Annot_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cdsannotations.u-strasbg.fr/annotations/simbadObject/971564">"Annotations on LHS 33 object"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/SIMBAD" title="SIMBAD">SIMBAD</a></i>, Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2010</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SIMBAD&rft.atitle=Annotations+on+LHS+33+object&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcdsannotations.u-strasbg.fr%2Fannotations%2FsimbadObject%2F971564&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProcyon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTayler1994" class="citation book cs1">Tayler, Roger John (1994). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/starstheirstruct00tayl_311"><i>The Stars: Their Structure and Evolution</i></a></span>. Cambridge University Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/starstheirstruct00tayl_311/page/n24">16</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-45885-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-45885-6"><bdi>978-0-521-45885-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Stars%3A+Their+Structure+and+Evolution&rft.pages=16&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-521-45885-6&rft.aulast=Tayler&rft.aufirst=Roger+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fstarstheirstruct00tayl_311&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AProcyon" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template:Star_systems_within_10%E2%80%9315_light-years" title="Template:Star systems within 10–15 light-years">Celestial objects within 10–15 light-years</a> <a href="/wiki/Template:Star_systems_within_15%E2%80%9320_light-years" title="Template:Star systems within 15–20 light-years">→</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Primary_member_type" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:17em"><span class="nobold"><abbr title="Primary member of a system is the brightest one (and, in most cases, also the most massive one).">Primary</abbr> member <a href="/wiki/Stellar_classification" title="Stellar classification">type</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align:left;"><div id="Celestial_objects_by_systems.">Celestial objects by systems.</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Subgiant_stars" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><a href="/wiki/Subgiant" title="Subgiant">Subgiant stars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="F-type" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.85em;line-height:0.7em;">F-type</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Procyon (Alpha Canis Minoris)</a> (11.402<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em">±</span>0.032 ly)</li> <li>white dwarf B</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Main-sequencestars" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;line-height:0.7em;"><a href="/wiki/Main_sequence" title="Main sequence">Main-sequence<br />stars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.85em;line-height:0.7em;"><a href="/wiki/G-type_main-sequence_star" title="G-type main-sequence star">G-type</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tau_Ceti" title="Tau Ceti">Tau Ceti</a> (11.9118<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em">±</span>0.0074 ly)</li> <li>4 (8?) planets: (b), (c), (d), e, f, g, h, (i)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.85em;line-height:0.7em;"><a href="/wiki/K-type_main-sequence_star" title="K-type main-sequence star">K-type</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Epsilon_Eridani" title="Epsilon Eridani">Epsilon Eridani (Ran)</a> (10.4749<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em">±</span>0.0037 ly)</li> <li>1 (2?) planets: <a href="/wiki/Epsilon_Eridani_b" title="Epsilon Eridani b">b (Ægir)</a>, c?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/61_Cygni" title="61 Cygni">61 Cygni</a> (11.4039<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em">±</span>0.0012 ly)</li> <li>K-type main-sequence star B</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epsilon_Indi" title="Epsilon Indi">Epsilon Indi</a> (11.8670<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em">±</span>0.0041 ly)</li> <li>2 T-type brown dwarfs: Ba, Bb</li> <li>planet <a href="/wiki/Epsilon_Indi_Ab" title="Epsilon Indi Ab">Ab</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.85em;line-height:0.7em;"><a href="/wiki/Red_dwarf" title="Red dwarf">M-type<br /><span class="nobold">(red dwarfs)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ross_248" title="Ross 248">Ross 248</a> (10.3057<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em">±</span>0.0014 ly)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lacaille_9352" title="Lacaille 9352">Lacaille 9352</a> (10.7241<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em">±</span>0.0007 ly)</li> <li>2 (3?) planets: b, c, d?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ross_128" title="Ross 128">Ross 128</a> (11.0074<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em">±</span>0.0011 ly)</li> <li>planet <a href="/wiki/Ross_128_b" title="Ross 128 b">b</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EZ_Aquarii" title="EZ Aquarii">EZ Aquarii</a> (11.109<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em">±</span>0.034 ly)</li> <li>2 red dwarfs: B, C</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Struve_2398" title="Struve 2398">Struve 2398</a> (11.4908<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em">±</span>0.0009 ly)</li> <li>red dwarf B</li> <li>2? planets: Bb?, Bc?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groombridge_34" title="Groombridge 34">Groombridge 34</a> (11.6191<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em">±</span>0.0008 ly)</li> <li>red dwarf B</li> <li>2 planets: <a href="/wiki/Gliese_15_Ab" title="Gliese 15 Ab">Ab</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gliese_15_Ac" title="Gliese 15 Ac">Ac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DX_Cancri" title="DX Cancri">DX Cancri</a> (11.6797<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em">±</span>0.0027 ly)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/GJ_1061" title="GJ 1061">GJ 1061</a> (11.9839<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em">±</span>0.0014 ly)</li> <li>3 planets: b, c, d</li> <li><a href="/wiki/YZ_Ceti" title="YZ Ceti">YZ Ceti</a> (12.1222<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em">±</span>0.0015 ly)</li> <li>3 planets: b, c, d</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luyten%27s_Star" title="Luyten's Star">Luyten's Star</a> (12.3485<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em">±</span>0.0019 ly)</li> <li>2 (4?) planets: <a href="/wiki/Luyten_b" title="Luyten b">b</a>, c, d?, e?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teegarden%27s_Star" title="Teegarden's Star">Teegarden's Star</a> (12.4970<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em">±</span>0.0045 ly)</li> <li>2 planets: <a href="/wiki/Teegarden%27s_Star_b" title="Teegarden's Star b">b</a>, <a href="/wiki/Teegarden%27s_Star_c" title="Teegarden's Star c">c</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapteyn%27s_Star" title="Kapteyn's Star">Kapteyn's Star</a> (12.8308<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em">±</span>0.0008 ly)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lacaille_8760" title="Lacaille 8760">Lacaille 8760</a> (12.9472<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em">±</span>0.0018 ly)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SCR_1845%E2%88%926357" title="SCR 1845−6357">SCR 1845−6357</a> (13.0638<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em">±</span>0.0070 ly)</li> <li>T-type brown dwarf B</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kruger_60" title="Kruger 60">Kruger 60</a> (13.0724<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em">±</span>0.0052 ly)</li> <li>red dwarf B</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DENIS_J1048%E2%88%923956" title="DENIS J1048−3956">DENIS J1048−3956</a> (13.1932<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em">±</span>0.0027 ly)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ross_614" title="Ross 614">Ross 614</a> (13.363<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em">±</span>0.040 ly)</li> <li>red dwarf B</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolf_1061" title="Wolf 1061">Wolf 1061</a> (14.0500<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em">±</span>0.0016 ly)</li> <li>3 planets: <a href="/wiki/Wolf_1061b" title="Wolf 1061b">b</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wolf_1061c" title="Wolf 1061c">c</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wolf_1061d" title="Wolf 1061d">d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gliese_1" title="Gliese 1">Gliese 1</a> (14.1747<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em">±</span>0.0022 ly)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TZ_Arietis" title="TZ Arietis">TZ Arietis</a> (14.5780<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em">±</span>0.0046 ly)</li> <li>planet b</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolf_424" title="Wolf 424">Wolf 424</a> (14.595<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em">±</span>0.031 ly)</li> <li>red dwarf B</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gliese_687" title="Gliese 687">Gliese 687</a> (14.8395<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em">±</span>0.0014 ly)</li> <li>2 planets: b, c</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gliese_674" title="Gliese 674">Gliese 674</a> (14.8492<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em">±</span>0.0018 ly)</li> <li>planet <a href="/wiki/Gliese_674_b" title="Gliese 674 b">b</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LHS_292" title="LHS 292">LHS 292</a> (14.8706<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em">±</span>0.0041 ly)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Degeneratestars" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;line-height:0.7em;"><a href="/wiki/Compact_star" class="mw-redirect" title="Compact star">Degenerate<br />stars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="White_dwarfs" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.85em;line-height:0.7em;"><a href="/wiki/White_dwarf" title="White dwarf">White dwarfs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Van_Maanen_2" title="Van Maanen 2">van Maanen 2</a> (14.0718<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em">±</span>0.0011 ly)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Brown_dwarfs" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Brown_dwarf" title="Brown dwarf">Brown dwarfs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.85em"><a href="/wiki/Brown_dwarf#Spectral_class_T" title="Brown dwarf">T-type</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/UGPS_J072227.51%E2%88%92054031.2" title="UGPS J072227.51−054031.2">UGPS J0722-0540</a> (13.43<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em">±</span>0.13 ly)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Constellation_of_Canis_Minor" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Canis_Minor" title="Template:Canis Minor"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Canis_Minor" title="Template talk:Canis Minor"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Canis_Minor" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Canis Minor"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Constellation_of_Canis_Minor" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Canis_Minor_(constellation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Canis Minor (constellation)">Constellation of Canis Minor</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canis_Minor_in_Chinese_astronomy" title="Canis Minor in Chinese astronomy">Canis Minor in Chinese astronomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_stars_in_Canis_Minor" title="List of stars in Canis Minor">List of stars in Canis Minor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:55px"><a href="/wiki/Star" title="Star">Stars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px"><a href="/wiki/Bayer_designation" title="Bayer designation">Bayer</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">α (Procyon)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beta_Canis_Minoris" title="Beta Canis Minoris">β (Gomeisa)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamma_Canis_Minoris" title="Gamma Canis Minoris">γ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta1_Canis_Minoris" title="Delta1 Canis Minoris">δ<sup>1</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta2_Canis_Minoris" title="Delta2 Canis Minoris">δ<sup>2</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta3_Canis_Minoris" title="Delta3 Canis Minoris">δ<sup>3</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epsilon_Canis_Minoris" title="Epsilon Canis Minoris">ε</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeta_Canis_Minoris" title="Zeta Canis Minoris">ζ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eta_Canis_Minoris" title="Eta Canis Minoris">η</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HD_66141" title="HD 66141">λ (<i>13 Pup</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px"><a href="/wiki/Flamsteed_designation" title="Flamsteed designation">Flamsteed</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1_Canis_Minoris" title="1 Canis Minoris">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_Canis_Minoris" title="6 Canis Minoris">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11_Canis_Minoris" title="11 Canis Minoris">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/14_Canis_Minoris" title="14 Canis Minoris">14</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px"><a href="/wiki/Variable_star_designation" class="mw-redirect" title="Variable star designation">Variable</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S_Canis_Minoris" title="S Canis Minoris">S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YZ_Canis_Minoris" title="YZ Canis Minoris">YZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AZ_Canis_Minoris" title="AZ Canis Minoris">AZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BC_Canis_Minoris" title="BC Canis Minoris">BC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BG_Canis_Minoris" title="BG Canis Minoris">BG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BU_Canis_Minoris" title="BU Canis Minoris">BU</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px"><a href="/wiki/Bright_Star_Catalogue" title="Bright Star Catalogue">HR</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HD_60803" title="HD 60803">2918</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HD_61563" title="HD 61563">2950</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luyten%27s_Star" title="Luyten's Star">Luyten's Star</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Exoplanets" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:151px;background: #ddddff;"><a href="/wiki/Exoplanet" title="Exoplanet">Exoplanets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luyten_b" title="Luyten b">Luyten b</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:55px"><a href="/wiki/Galaxy" title="Galaxy">Galaxies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px"><a href="/wiki/New_General_Catalogue" title="New General Catalogue">NGC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NGC_2485" title="NGC 2485">2485</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_2491" title="NGC 2491">2491</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PKS_0736%2B017" title="PKS 0736+017">PKS 0736+017</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Canis_Minor_(constellation)" title="Category:Canis Minor (constellation)">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/19px-Crab_Nebula.jpg" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/29px-Crab_Nebula.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/38px-Crab_Nebula.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3864" data-file-height="3864" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy" title="Portal:Astronomy">Astronomy</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:He1523a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/He1523a.jpg/16px-He1523a.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/He1523a.jpg/25px-He1523a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/He1523a.jpg/33px-He1523a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="207" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Stars" title="Portal:Stars">Stars</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Earth-moon.jpg/21px-Earth-moon.jpg" decoding="async" width="21" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Earth-moon.jpg/32px-Earth-moon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Earth-moon.jpg/42px-Earth-moon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Outer_space" title="Portal:Outer space">Outer space</a></li></ul></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Procyon&oldid=1256389173">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Procyon&oldid=1256389173</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:F-type_main-sequence_stars" title="Category:F-type main-sequence stars">F-type main-sequence stars</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:F-type_subgiants" title="Category:F-type subgiants">F-type subgiants</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:White_dwarfs" title="Category:White dwarfs">White dwarfs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Binary_stars" title="Category:Binary stars">Binary stars</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Local_Bubble" title="Category:Local Bubble">Local Bubble</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Canis_Minor" title="Category:Canis Minor">Canis Minor</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Bayer_objects" 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[\"CITEREFSchroederGolimowskiBrukardtBurrows2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTayler1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWendy_Doniger1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWilson1953\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFvan_Leeuwen2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFvon_Littrow1866\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"About\"] = 1,\n [\"Citation\"] = 26,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 8,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 10,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 3,\n [\"Convert\"] = 2,\n [\"DEC\"] = 2,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Procyon\"] = 1,\n [\"Efn\"] = 1,\n [\"IPAc-en\"] = 2,\n [\"ISBN\"] = 1,\n [\"In lang\"] = 2,\n [\"Lang\"] = 8,\n [\"Nearest systems\"] = 1,\n [\"Notelist\"] = 1,\n [\"OED\"] = 1,\n [\"Odlist\"] = 1,\n [\"Portal bar\"] = 1,\n [\"RA\"] = 2,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Respell\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 5,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Sky\"] = 1,\n [\"Solar luminosity\"] = 1,\n [\"Solar mass\"] = 2,\n [\"Solar radius\"] = 1,\n [\"Starbox astrometry\"] = 1,\n [\"Starbox begin\"] = 1,\n [\"Starbox catalog\"] = 1,\n [\"Starbox character\"] = 1,\n [\"Starbox detail\"] = 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