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<span>Attestations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Attestations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Attestations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Attestations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sonatorrek" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sonatorrek"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span><i>Sonatorrek</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sonatorrek-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Poetic_Edda" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Poetic_Edda"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span><i>Poetic Edda</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Poetic_Edda-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prose_Edda" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prose_Edda"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span><i>Prose Edda</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prose_Edda-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Völsunga_saga_and_Friðþjófs_saga_hins_frœkna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Völsunga_saga_and_Friðþjófs_saga_hins_frœkna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span><i>Völsunga saga</i> and <i>Friðþjófs saga hins frœkna</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Völsunga_saga_and_Friðþjófs_saga_hins_frœkna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Scholarly_reception_and_interpretation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Scholarly_reception_and_interpretation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Scholarly reception and interpretation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Scholarly_reception_and_interpretation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet 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Available in 34 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-34" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">34 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C4%93an" title="Rēan – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Rēan" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Ран (мифология) – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ран (мифология)" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A1n" title="Rán – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Rán" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ran_(mitologia_norrena)" title="Ran (mitologia norrena) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ran (mitologia norrena)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A1n" title="Rán – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Rán" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ran_(nordisk_mytologi)" title="Ran (nordisk mytologi) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ran (nordisk mytologi)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A1n" title="Rán – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Rán" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CE%B1%CE%BD" title="Ραν – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ραν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ran" title="Ran – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ran" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ran" title="Ran – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ran" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86_(%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87)" title="ران (اسطوره) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ران (اسطوره)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A1n" title="Rán – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rán" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A1n" title="Rán – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Rán" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%9E%80_(%EB%85%B8%EB%A5%B4%EB%93%9C_%EC%8B%A0%ED%99%94)" title="란 (노르드 신화) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="란 (노르드 신화)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A1n" title="Rán – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Rán" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A1n_(norr%C3%A6n_go%C3%B0afr%C3%A6%C3%B0i)" title="Rán (norræn goðafræði) – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Rán (norræn goðafræði)" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A1n" title="Rán – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Rán" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ran%C4%97" title="Ranė – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ranė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A1n" title="Rán – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Rán" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ran_(godin)" title="Ran (godin) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ran (godin)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B3_(%E5%8C%97%E6%AC%A7%E7%A5%9E%E8%A9%B1)" title="ラーン (北欧神話) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ラーン (北欧神話)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A5n" title="Rån – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Rån" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A5n" title="Rån – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Rån" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ran_(mitologia_nordycka)" title="Ran (mitologia nordycka) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ran (mitologia nordycka)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ran_(mitologia)" title="Ran (mitologia) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ran (mitologia)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ran" title="Ran – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ran" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Ран (мифология) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ран (мифология)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A1n" title="Rán – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Rán" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ran_(nordijska_mitologija)" title="Ran (nordijska mitologija) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ran (nordijska mitologija)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A1n" title="Rán – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Rán" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ran" title="Ran – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ran" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A1n" title="Rán – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Rán" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F)" title="Ран (міфологія) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ран (міфологія)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%80%BE" title="瀾 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="瀾" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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searchaux" style="display:none">Norse deity</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ran_by_Johannes_Gehrts.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Ran_by_Johannes_Gehrts.jpg/220px-Ran_by_Johannes_Gehrts.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="342" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Ran_by_Johannes_Gehrts.jpg/330px-Ran_by_Johannes_Gehrts.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Ran_by_Johannes_Gehrts.jpg/440px-Ran_by_Johannes_Gehrts.jpg 2x" data-file-width="482" data-file-height="750" /></a><figcaption>Rán uses her net to pull a seafarer into the depths in an illustration by <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Gehrts" title="Johannes Gehrts">Johannes Gehrts</a>, 1901</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Norse_mythology" title="Norse mythology">Norse mythology</a>, <b>Rán</b> (<a href="/wiki/Old_Norse" title="Old Norse">Old Norse</a>: <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="non-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">[ˈrɒːn]</a></span>) is a goddess and a personification of the <a href="/wiki/Sea" title="Sea">sea</a>. Rán and her husband <a href="/wiki/%C3%86gir" title="Ægir">Ægir</a>, a <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6tunn" title="Jötunn">jötunn</a> who also personifies the sea, have <a href="/wiki/Nine_Daughters_of_%C3%86gir_and_R%C3%A1n" title="Nine Daughters of Ægir and Rán">nine daughters, who personify waves</a>. The goddess is frequently associated with a net, which she uses to capture sea-goers. According to the prose introduction to a poem in the <i><a href="/wiki/Poetic_Edda" title="Poetic Edda">Poetic Edda</a></i> and in <i><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6lsunga_saga" title="Völsunga saga">Völsunga saga</a></i>, Rán once loaned her net to the god <a href="/wiki/Loki" title="Loki">Loki</a>. </p><p>Rán is attested in the <i>Poetic Edda</i>, compiled during the 13th century from earlier traditional sources; the <i><a href="/wiki/Prose_Edda" title="Prose Edda">Prose Edda</a></i>, written during the 13th century by <a href="/wiki/Snorri_Sturluson" title="Snorri Sturluson">Snorri Sturluson</a>; in both <i>Völsunga saga</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Fri%C3%B0%C3%BEj%C3%B3fs_saga_hins_fr%C5%93kna" class="mw-redirect" title="Friðþjófs saga hins frœkna">Friðþjófs saga hins frœkna</a></i>; and in the poetry of <a href="/wiki/Skald" title="Skald">skalds</a>, such as <i><a href="/wiki/Sonatorrek" title="Sonatorrek">Sonatorrek</a></i>, a 10th-century poem by Icelandic skald <a href="/wiki/Egill_Skallagr%C3%ADmsson" title="Egill Skallagrímsson">Egill Skallagrímsson</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%A1n&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Old_Norse" title="Old Norse">Old Norse</a> <a href="/wiki/Common_noun" class="mw-redirect" title="Common noun">common noun</a> <i>rán</i> means 'plundering' or 'theft, robbery'.<sup id="cite_ref-FAULKES-1998-250-SIMEK-2007_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAULKES-1998-250-SIMEK-2007-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In turn, scholars view the <a href="/wiki/Theonym" title="Theonym">theonym</a> <i>Rán</i> as meaning, for example, 'theft, robbery'.<sup id="cite_ref-SIMEK-2007-260_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SIMEK-2007-260-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the <a href="/wiki/Etymology" title="Etymology">etymology</a> of the theonym, scholar <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Simek" title="Rudolf Simek">Rudolf Simek</a> says, "although the meaning of the name has not been fully clarified, Rán was probably understood as being 'robber' ... and has nothing to do with [Old Norse] <i>ráða</i> 'rule'.<sup id="cite_ref-SIMEK-2007-260_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SIMEK-2007-260-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Because Rán is a personification of the sea, skalds employ her name in a variety of <a href="/wiki/Kenning" title="Kenning">kennings</a> to refer to the sea. Examples include <i>Ránar-land</i> ('Ran's land'), <i>-salr</i> ('Rán's hall'), and <i>-vegr</i> ('Rán's way'), and <i>rán-beðr</i> ('the bed of Rán') and meaning 'the bed of the sea'.<sup id="cite_ref-GUDBRUND-1874-487-488_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GUDBRUND-1874-487-488-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Attestations">Attestations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%A1n&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Attestations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sonatorrek"><i>Sonatorrek</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%A1n&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Sonatorrek"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rán and Ægir receive mention in the poem <i><a href="/wiki/Sonatorrek" title="Sonatorrek">Sonatorrek</a></i> attributed to 10th century Icelandic <a href="/wiki/Skald" title="Skald">skald</a> <a href="/wiki/Egill_Skallagr%C3%ADmsson" title="Egill Skallagrímsson">Egill Skallagrímsson</a>. In the poem, Egill laments the death of his son Böðvar, who drowned at sea during a storm: </p> <blockquote> <table> <tbody><tr> <td> <dl><dd><small>Old Norse:</small></dd> <dd>Mjök hefr Rán rykst um mik;</dd> <dd>emk ofsnauðr at ástvinum.</dd> <dd>Sleit marr bönd mínnar áttar,</dd> <dd>snaran þátt af sjalfum mér.<sup id="cite_ref-KERSHAW-134_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KERSHAW-134-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> </td> <td> <dl><dd><small><a href="/wiki/Nora_K._Chadwick" title="Nora K. Chadwick">Nora K. Chadwick</a> translation:</small></dd> <dd>Greatly has Rán afflicted me.</dd> <dd>I have been despoiled of a great friend.</dd> <dd>Empty and unoccupied I see the place</dd> <dd>which the sea has torn my son.<sup id="cite_ref-KERSHAW-135_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KERSHAW-135-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> </blockquote> <p>In one difficult stanza later in the poem, the skald expresses the pain of losing his son by invoking the image of slaying the personified sea, personified as Ægir (Old Norse <i>ǫlsmið[r]</i> 'ale-smith') and Rán (<i>Ægis man</i> 'Ægir's wife'): </p> <table> <tbody><tr> <td> <dl><dd><small>Old Norse:</small></dd> <dd>Veiztu um ϸá sǫk</dd> <dd>sverði of rækak,</dd> <dd>var ǫlsmið[r]</dd> <dd>allra tíma;</dd> <dd>hroða vágs brœðr</dd> <dd>ef vega mættak;</dd> <dd>fœra ek andvígr</dd> <dd>Ægis mani.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEinarsson2003149_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEinarsson2003149-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> </td> <td> <dl><dd><small>Bjarni Einarsson translation:</small></dd> <dd>You know,</dd> <dd>if I took revenge with the sword</dd> <dd>for that offence,</dd> <dd>Ægir would be dead;</dd> <dd>if I could kill them,</dd> <dd>I would fight Ægir and Rán.<sup id="cite_ref-EINARSSON-2003_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EINARSSON-2003-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Poetic_Edda"><i>Poetic Edda</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%A1n&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Poetic Edda"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%C3%96gir_und_Ran_by_F._W._Heine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/%C3%96gir_und_Ran_by_F._W._Heine.jpg/220px-%C3%96gir_und_Ran_by_F._W._Heine.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/%C3%96gir_und_Ran_by_F._W._Heine.jpg/330px-%C3%96gir_und_Ran_by_F._W._Heine.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/%C3%96gir_und_Ran_by_F._W._Heine.jpg/440px-%C3%96gir_und_Ran_by_F._W._Heine.jpg 2x" data-file-width="646" data-file-height="612" /></a><figcaption>Rán pulls her net beside her husband Ægir as depicted by <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Wilhelm_Heine" title="Friedrich Wilhelm Heine">Friedrich Wilhelm Heine</a> (1845–1921) after an original by <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Wilhelm_Engelhard" class="mw-redirect" title="Friedrich Wilhelm Engelhard">Friedrich Wilhelm Engelhard</a> (1813–1902)</figcaption></figure> <p>Rán receives three mentions in the <i>Poetic Edda</i>; twice in poetry and once in prose. The first mention occurs in a stanza in <i><a href="/wiki/Helgakvi%C3%B0a_Hundingsbana_I" title="Helgakviða Hundingsbana I">Helgakviða Hundingsbana I</a></i>, when the <a href="/wiki/Valkyrie" title="Valkyrie">valkyrie</a> <a href="/wiki/Sigr%C3%BAn" title="Sigrún">Sigrún</a> assists the ship of the hero <a href="/wiki/Helgi_Hundingsbane" title="Helgi Hundingsbane">Helgi Hundingsbane</a> as it encounters ferocious waters: </p> <blockquote> <table> <tbody><tr> <td> <p><small><a href="/wiki/Henry_Adams_Bellows_(businessman)" title="Henry Adams Bellows (businessman)">Henry Adams Bellows</a> translation</small> </p> <dl><dd>But from above did Sigrun brave</dd> <dd>Aid the men and all their faring;</dd> <dd>Mightily came from the claws of Ron</dd> <dd>The leader's sea-beast off Gnipalund.<sup id="cite_ref-BELLOWS-1936-299-300_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BELLOWS-1936-299-300-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> </td> <td> <p><small>Carolyne Larrington translation</small> </p> <dl><dd>And Sigrun above, brave in battle,</dd> <dd>protected them and their vessel;</dd> <dd>the king's sea-beasts twisted powerfully,</dd> <dd>out of Ran's hand toward Gnipalund.<sup id="cite_ref-LARRINGTON-1999-118_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LARRINGTON-1999-118-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> </blockquote> <p>In the notes for her translation, Larrington says that Rán "seeks to catch and drown men in her net" and that "to give someone to the sea-goddess is to drown them."<sup id="cite_ref-LARRINGTON-1999-280_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LARRINGTON-1999-280-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The second instance occurs in a stanza found in <i><a href="/wiki/Helgakvi%C3%B0a_Hj%C3%B6rvar%C3%B0ssonar" title="Helgakviða Hjörvarðssonar">Helgakviða Hjörvarðssonar</a></i>. In this stanza, the hero Atli references Rán while <a href="/wiki/Flyting" title="Flyting">flyting</a> with <a href="/wiki/Hr%C3%ADmger%C3%B0r" title="Hrímgerðr">Hrímgerðr</a>, a female <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6tunn" title="Jötunn">jötunn</a>: </p> <blockquote> <table> <tbody><tr> <td> <p><small><a href="/wiki/Henry_Adams_Bellows_(businessman)" title="Henry Adams Bellows (businessman)">Henry Adams Bellows</a> translation:</small> </p> <dl><dd>"Witch, in front of the ship thou wast,</dd> <dd>And lay before the fjord;</dd> <dd>To Ron wouldst have given the ruler's men,</dd> <dd>If a spear had not stuck in thy flesh."<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> </td> <td> <p><small>Carolyne Larrington translation:</small> </p> <dl><dd>'Ogress, you stood before the prince's ships</dd> <dd>and blocked the fjord mouth;</dd> <dd>the king's men you were going to give to Ran,</dd> <dd>if a spear hadn't lodged in your flesh.'<sup id="cite_ref-DAVIDSON-1999-127_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DAVIDSON-1999-127-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> </blockquote> <p>Finally, in the prose introduction to <i><a href="/wiki/Reginsm%C3%A1l" title="Reginsmál">Reginsmál</a></i>, Loki visits Rán (here rendered as <i>Ron</i>) to borrow her net: </p> <dl><dd>[Odin and Hœnir] sent Loki to get the gold; he went to Ron and got her net, and went then to Andvari's fall and cast the net in front of the pike, and the pike leaped into the net.<sup id="cite_ref-BELLOWS-1936-358-359_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BELLOWS-1936-358-359-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <p>Translator <a href="/wiki/Henry_Adams_Bellows_(businessman)" title="Henry Adams Bellows (businessman)">Henry Adams Bellows</a> notes how this version of the narrative differs from how it appears in other sources, where Loki catches the pike with his own hands.<sup id="cite_ref-BELLOWS-1936-358-359_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BELLOWS-1936-358-359-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prose_Edda"><i>Prose Edda</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%A1n&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Prose Edda"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <i>Prose Edda</i> sections <i><a href="/wiki/Sk%C3%A1ldskaparm%C3%A1l" title="Skáldskaparmál">Skáldskaparmál</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A1ttatal" title="Háttatal">Háttatal</a></i> contain several references to Rán. Section 25 of <i>Skáldskaparmál</i> ("How shall sea be referred to?") manners in which poets may refer to the sea, including "husband of Ran" and "land of Ran and of Ægir's daughters", but also "father of Ægir's daughters".<sup id="cite_ref-FAULKES-1995-91_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAULKES-1995-91-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the same section, the author cites a fragment of a work by the 11th century Icelandic skald <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hofgar%C3%B0a-Refr_Gestsson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hofgarða-Refr Gestsson (page does not exist)">Hofgarða-Refr Gestsson</a>, where Rán is referred to as '<a href="/wiki/Gymir_(father_of_Ger%C3%B0r)" title="Gymir (father of Gerðr)">Gymir</a>'s ... <a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6lva" class="mw-redirect" title="Völva">völva</a>': </p> <table> <tbody><tr> <td> <p><small>Standardized <a href="/wiki/Old_Norse" title="Old Norse">Old Norse</a></small> </p> <dl><dd><i>Ok sem kvað Refr</i>: <dl><dd><i>Fœrir bjǫrn, þar er bára</i></dd> <dd><i>brestr, undinna festa</i></dd> <dd><i>opt í Ægis kjǫpta</i></dd> <dd>*<i>ursǫl Gymis vǫlva</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FAULKES-1998-37_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAULKES-1998-37-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl> </td> <td> <p><small>Anthony Faulkes translation</small> </p> <dl><dd>And as Ref said: <dl><dd>Gymir's spray-cold spæ-wife often brings</dd> <dd>the twisted-rope-bear [ship] into Ægir's jaws</dd> <dd>[under the waves]</dd> <dd>where the wave breaks.<sup id="cite_ref-FAULKES-1995-91-140_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAULKES-1995-91-140-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The section's author comments that the stanza "[implies] that they are all the same, Ægir and Hler and Gymir.<sup id="cite_ref-FAULKES-1998-92_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAULKES-1998-92-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The author follows with a quote from another stanza by the skald that references Rán: </p> <blockquote> <dl><dd>But sea-crest-<a href="/wiki/Sleipnir" title="Sleipnir">Sleipnir</a> [ship], spray-driven, tears his breast, covered with red paint, out of white Ran's mouth [the sea's grasp].<sup id="cite_ref-FAULKES-1998-92_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAULKES-1998-92-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> </blockquote> <p>Chapter 33 of <i>Skáldskaparmál</i> discusses why skalds may refer to gold as "Ægir's fire". The section traces the kenning to a narrative surrounding Ægir, in which the jötunn employs "glowing gold" in the center of his hall to light it "like fire" (which the narrator compares to flaming swords in <a href="/wiki/Valhalla" title="Valhalla">Valhalla</a>). The section explains that "Ran is the name of Ægir's wife, and the names of their nine daughters are as was written above ... Then the Æsir discovered that Ran had a net in which she caught everyone that went to sea ... so this is the story of the origin of gold being called fire or light or brightness of Ægir, Ran or Ægir's daughters, and from such kennings the practice has now developed of calling gold fire of the sea and of all terms for it, since Ægir and Ran's names are also terms for the sea, and hence gold is now called fire of lakes or rivers and of all river-names."<sup id="cite_ref-FAULKES-1998-95_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAULKES-1998-95-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <i><a href="/wiki/Nafna%C3%BEulur" title="Nafnaþulur">Nafnaþulur</a></i> section of <i>Skáldskaparmál</i>, Rán appears in a list of goddesses (Old Norse <i>ásynjur</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-FAULKES-1998-157_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAULKES-1998-157-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Völsunga_saga_and_Friðþjófs_saga_hins_frœkna"><span id="V.C3.B6lsunga_saga_and_Fri.C3.B0.C3.BEj.C3.B3fs_saga_hins_fr.C5.93kna"></span><i>Völsunga saga</i> and <i>Friðþjófs saga hins frœkna</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%A1n&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Völsunga saga and Friðþjófs saga hins frœkna"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rán receives a single mention in <i><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6lsunga_saga" title="Völsunga saga">Völsunga saga</a></i>. Like in the prose introduction to the eddic poem <i>Reginsmál</i> (discussed above), "they sent Loki to obtain the gold. He went to Ran and got her net."<sup id="cite_ref-BYOCK-1990-58_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BYOCK-1990-58-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Legendary_saga" title="Legendary saga">legendary saga</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Fri%C3%B0%C3%BEj%C3%B3fs_saga_hins_fr%C5%93kna" class="mw-redirect" title="Friðþjófs saga hins frœkna">Friðþjófs saga hins frœkna</a></i>, Friðþjófr and his men find themselves in a violent storm, and the protagonist mourns that he will soon rest in Rán's bed: </p> <table> <tbody><tr> <td> <p><small>Old Norse</small> </p> <dl><dd><i>Sat ek á bólstri</i></dd> <dd><i>í Baldrshaga,</i></dd> <dd><i>kvað, hvat ek kunna,</i></dd> <dd><i>fyr konungs dóttur.</i></dd> <dd><i>Nú skal ek Ránar</i></dd> <dd><i>raunbeð troða,</i></dd> <dd><i>en annar mun</i></dd> <dd><i>Ingibjargar</i>."<sup id="cite_ref-norr_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-norr-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> </td> <td> <p><small><a href="/wiki/Eir%C3%ADkr_Magn%C3%BAsson" class="mw-redirect" title="Eiríkr Magnússon">Eiríkr Magnússon</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_Morris" title="William Morris">William Morris</a> translation (1875):</small> </p> <dl><dd>"On bolster I sat</dd> <dd>In Baldur's Mead erst,</dd> <dd>And all songs that I could</dd> <dd>To the king's daughter sang;</dd> <dd>Now on Ran's bed belike</dd> <dd>Must I soon be a-lying,</dd> <dd>And another shall be</dd> <dd>By Ingibiorg's side."<sup id="cite_ref-EM-M-1875-84_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EM-M-1875-84-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The protagonist then decides that as they are to "go to Rán" (<i>at til Ránar skal fara</i>) they would better do so in style with gold on each man. He divides the gold and talks of her again: </p> <table> <tbody><tr> <td> <dl><dd><i>Nú hefir fjórum</i></dd> <dd><i>of farit várum</i></dd> <dd><i>lögr lagsmönnum</i>,</dd> <dd><i>þeim er lifa skyldu</i>,</dd> <dd><i>en Rán gætir</i></dd> <dd><i>röskum drengjum</i>,</dd> <dd><i>siðlaus kona</i>,</dd> <dd><i>sess ok rekkju</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-norr_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-norr-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> </td> <td> <dl><dd>"The red ring here I hew me</dd> <dd>Once owned of Halfdan's father,</dd> <dd>The wealthy lord of erewhile,</dd> <dd>Or the sea waves undo us,</dd> <dd>So on the guests shall gold be,</dd> <dd>If we have need of guesting;</dd> <dd>Meet so for mighty men-folk</dd> <dd>Amid Ran's hall to hold them."<sup id="cite_ref-EM-M-1875-86_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EM-M-1875-86-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Scholarly_reception_and_interpretation">Scholarly reception and interpretation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%A1n&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Scholarly reception and interpretation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to Rudolf Simek, "... Rán is the ruler of the <a href="/wiki/Death_in_Norse_paganism#Afterlives_and_rebirth" title="Death in Norse paganism">realm of the dead at the bottom of the sea</a> to which people who have drowned go." Simek says that "while Ægir personifies the sea as a friendly power, Rán embodies the sinister side of the sea, at least in the eyes of the late Viking Age Icelandic seafarers."<sup id="cite_ref-SIMEK-2007-260_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SIMEK-2007-260-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%A1n&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sessr%C3%BAmnir" title="Sessrúmnir">Sessrúmnir</a>, the hall of the goddess Freyja, which may have been conceived of as a ship</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%A1n&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FAULKES-1998-250-SIMEK-2007-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FAULKES-1998-250-SIMEK-2007_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Faulkes (1998: 250) and discussion in Simek (2007 [1993]: 260).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SIMEK-2007-260-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SIMEK-2007-260_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SIMEK-2007-260_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SIMEK-2007-260_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Simek (2007 [1993]: 260).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GUDBRUND-1874-487-488-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GUDBRUND-1874-487-488_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gudbrund Vigfusson (1874: 487–488).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KERSHAW-134-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-KERSHAW-134_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kershaw (1922:134).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KERSHAW-135-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-KERSHAW-135_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kershaw (1922:135). Formatted for display.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEinarsson2003149-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEinarsson2003149_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEinarsson2003">Einarsson 2003</a>, p. 149.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EINARSSON-2003-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EINARSSON-2003_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Einarsson (2003:149). Formatted for display.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BELLOWS-1936-299-300-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BELLOWS-1936-299-300_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bellows (1936: 299–300). Bellows renders Old Norse <i>Rán</i> as <i>Ron</i> throughout his translation.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LARRINGTON-1999-118-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LARRINGTON-1999-118_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Larrington (1999 [1996]: 118).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LARRINGTON-1999-280-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LARRINGTON-1999-280_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Davidson (1999 [1996]: 279, 280).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bellows (1936: 281).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DAVIDSON-1999-127-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DAVIDSON-1999-127_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Davidson (1999 [1996]: 127).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BELLOWS-1936-358-359-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BELLOWS-1936-358-359_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BELLOWS-1936-358-359_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bellows (1936: 358–359).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FAULKES-1995-91-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FAULKES-1995-91_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Faulkes (1995 [1989]: 91).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FAULKES-1998-37-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FAULKES-1998-37_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Faulkes (1998: 37).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FAULKES-1995-91-140-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FAULKES-1995-91-140_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Faulkes (1995 [1989]: 91). Formatted for display. This stanza appears quoted a second time later in <i>Skáldskaparmál</i>, for which see Faulkes (1995 [1989]: 140).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FAULKES-1998-92-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FAULKES-1998-92_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FAULKES-1998-92_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Faulkes (1998: 92).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FAULKES-1998-95-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FAULKES-1998-95_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Faulkes (1998:95). The chapter continues with discussion regarding the development of these kennings and the concept of allegory.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FAULKES-1998-157-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FAULKES-1998-157_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Faulkes (1998: 157).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BYOCK-1990-58-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BYOCK-1990-58_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Byock (1990: 58).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-norr-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-norr_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-norr_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://heimskringla.no/wiki/Fri%C3%B0%C3%BEj%C3%B3fs_saga_ins_fr%C3%A6kna"><i>Friðþjófs saga ins frækna</i></a> at Norrøne Tekster og Kvad, Norway.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EM-M-1875-84-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EM-M-1875-84_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Eiríkr Magnússon and Morris (1875: 84).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EM-M-1875-86-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EM-M-1875-86_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Eiríkr Magnússon and Morris (1875: 86).</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%A1n&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Byock" title="Jesse Byock">Byock, Jesse</a>. 1990. Trans. <i>The Saga of the Volsungs</i>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Press" title="University of California Press">University of California Press</a>. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-27299-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-27299-6">978-0-520-27299-6</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEinarsson2003" class="citation book cs1">Einarsson, Bjarni, ed. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vsnrweb-publications.org.uk/Egla/Egils_saga.pdf"><i>Egils saga</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. London: Viking Society for Northern Research. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780903521543" title="Special:BookSources/9780903521543"><bdi>9780903521543</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Egils+saga&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Viking+Society+for+Northern+Research&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9780903521543&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vsnrweb-publications.org.uk%2FEgla%2FEgils_saga.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AR%C3%A1n" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nora_K._Chadwick" title="Nora K. Chadwick">Kershaw, Nora</a>. 1922. Trans. <i>Anglo-Saxon and Old Norse Poems</i>. <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge at the University Press</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eir%C3%ADkr_Magn%C3%BAsson" class="mw-redirect" title="Eiríkr Magnússon">Eiríkr Magnússon</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_Morris" title="William Morris">Morris, William</a>. Trans. 1875. <i>Three Northern Love Stories and Other Tales</i>. Ellis & White.</li> <li>Faulkes, Anthony (Trans.). 1995 [1989]. Trans. <i>Edda</i>. <a href="/wiki/Everyman%27s_Library" title="Everyman's Library">Everyman</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-460-87616-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-460-87616-3">0-460-87616-3</a></li> <li>Faulkes, Anthony. (Editor). 1998. Trans. <i>Edda: Skáldskaparmál</i>. I. <a href="/wiki/Viking_Society_for_Northern_Research" title="Viking Society for Northern Research">Viking Society for Northern Research</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu%C3%B0brandur_Vigf%C3%BAsson" title="Guðbrandur Vigfússon">Gudbrandur Vigfusson</a>. 1874. Trans. <i>An Icelandic-English Dictionary: Based on the Ms. Collections of the Late Richard Cleasby</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Clarendon Press</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Adams_Bellows_(businessman)" title="Henry Adams Bellows (businessman)">Bellows, Henry Adams</a>. 1936. Trans. <i>The Poetic Edda</i>. <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University_Press" title="Princeton University Press">Princeton University Press</a>. New York: The American-Scandinavian Foundation.</li> <li>Larrington, Carolyne (Trans.). 1999 [1996]. Trans. <i>The Poetic Edda</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_World%27s_Classics" title="Oxford World's Classics">Oxford World's Classics</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-283946-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-283946-2">0-19-283946-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Simek" title="Rudolf Simek">Simek, Rudolf</a>. 2007 [1993]. Translated by Angela Hall. <i>Dictionary of Northern Mythology</i>. <a href="/wiki/Boydell_%26_Brewer" title="Boydell & Brewer">D.S. Brewer</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85991-513-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-85991-513-1">0-85991-513-1</a></li></ul> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Norse_cosmology" title="Template:Norse cosmology"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Norse_cosmology" title="Template talk:Norse cosmology"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Norse_cosmology" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Norse cosmology"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Norse_cosmology" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Norse_cosmology" title="Norse cosmology">Norse cosmology</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #d6dbbe;">Astronomical bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Sun: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B3l_(Germanic_mythology)" title="Sól (Germanic mythology)">Sól</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81rvakr_and_Alsvi%C3%B0r" title="Árvakr and Alsviðr">Árvakr and Alsviðr</a></li></ul></li> <li>Moon: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1ni" title="Máni">Máni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hj%C3%BAki_and_Bil" title="Hjúki and Bil">Hjúki and Bil</a></li></ul></li> <li>Earth: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6r%C3%B0" title="Jörð">Jörð</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fj%C3%B6rgyn_and_Fj%C3%B6rgynn" title="Fjörgyn and Fjörgynn">Fjörgyn and Fjörgynn</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurvandil" class="mw-redirect" title="Aurvandil">Aurvandil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Ejazi" title="Þjazi">Þjazi</a>'s eyes</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Wolves_Pursuing_Sol_and_Mani.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/The_Wolves_Pursuing_Sol_and_Mani.jpg/125px-The_Wolves_Pursuing_Sol_and_Mani.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/The_Wolves_Pursuing_Sol_and_Mani.jpg/188px-The_Wolves_Pursuing_Sol_and_Mani.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/The_Wolves_Pursuing_Sol_and_Mani.jpg/250px-The_Wolves_Pursuing_Sol_and_Mani.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2745" data-file-height="1854" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #d6dbbe;">Time</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Day: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dagr" title="Dagr">Dagr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skinfaxi_and_Hr%C3%ADmfaxi" title="Skinfaxi and Hrímfaxi">Skinfaxi</a></li></ul></li> <li>Night: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%B3tt" title="Nótt">Nótt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skinfaxi_and_Hr%C3%ADmfaxi" title="Skinfaxi and Hrímfaxi">Hrímfaxi</a></li></ul></li> <li>Seasons: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sumarr_and_Vetr" title="Sumarr and Vetr">Sumarr and Vetr</a></li></ul></li> <li>Old age <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elli" title="Elli">Elli</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #d6dbbe;">Water bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Sea <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86gir" title="Ægir">Ægir</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rán</a></li></ul></li> <li>Waves <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nine_Daughters_of_%C3%86gir_and_R%C3%A1n" title="Nine Daughters of Ægir and Rán">Nine Daughters of Ægir and Rán</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #d6dbbe;">Worlds</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nine_Worlds" class="mw-redirect" title="Nine Worlds">Nine Worlds</a></li> <li>Connected by the tree <a href="/wiki/Yggdrasil" title="Yggdrasil">Yggdrasil</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #d6dbbe;">Cosmogenesis,<br />cyclic time,<br /> and eschatology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ginnungagap" title="Ginnungagap">Ginnungagap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muspelheim" title="Muspelheim">Muspelheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niflheim" title="Niflheim">Niflheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ymir" title="Ymir">Ymir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borr" title="Borr">Borr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Au%C3%B0umbla" title="Auðumbla">Auðumbla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ragnar%C3%B6k" title="Ragnarök">Ragnarök</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #d6dbbe;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austri,_Vestri,_Nor%C3%B0ri_and_Su%C3%B0ri" title="Austri, Vestri, Norðri and Suðri">Austri, Vestri, Norðri and Suðri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dellingr" title="Dellingr">Dellingr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hr%C3%A6svelgr" title="Hræsvelgr">Hræsvelgr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mundilfari" title="Mundilfari">Mundilfari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vi%C3%B0finnr" title="Viðfinnr">Viðfinnr</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Death_in_Germanic_paganism_and_mythology" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#adadad"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Death_in_Germanic_mythology" title="Template:Death in Germanic mythology"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Death_in_Germanic_mythology" title="Template talk:Death in Germanic mythology"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Death_in_Germanic_mythology" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Death in Germanic mythology"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Death_in_Germanic_paganism_and_mythology" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Death in <a href="/wiki/Germanic_paganism" title="Germanic paganism">Germanic paganism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Germanic_mythology" title="Germanic mythology">mythology</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#adadad;width:1%">Figures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%ADs" title="Dís">Dís</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freyja" title="Freyja">Freyja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gefjon" title="Gefjon">Gefjon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hel_(mythological_being)" title="Hel (mythological being)">Hel (mythological being)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norns" title="Norns">Norns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odin" title="Odin">Odin</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sleipnir" title="Sleipnir">Sleipnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valkyrie" title="Valkyrie">Valkyrie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#adadad;width:1%">Locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%B3lkvangr" title="Fólkvangr">Fólkvangr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hel_(location)" title="Hel (location)">Hel (location)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1str%C3%B6nd" title="Náströnd">Náströnd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neorxnawang" title="Neorxnawang">Neorxnawang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valhalla" title="Valhalla">Valhalla</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#adadad;width:1%">Entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Draugr" title="Draugr">Draugr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einherjar" title="Einherjar">Einherjar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#adadad;width:1%">Burial practices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bog_body" title="Bog body">Bog body</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hogback_(sculpture)" title="Hogback (sculpture)">Hogback (sculpture)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horses_in_Germanic_paganism#In_funeral_and_burial" title="Horses in Germanic paganism">Horse burial in Germanic paganism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ship_burial" title="Ship burial">Ship burial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_ship" title="Stone ship">Stone ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumulus" title="Tumulus">Tumulus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#adadad;width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Death_in_Norse_paganism" title="Death in Norse paganism">Death in Norse paganism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matres_and_Matronae" title="Matres and Matronae">Matres and Matronae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebirth_in_Germanic_paganism" title="Rebirth in Germanic paganism">Rebirth in Germanic paganism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soul#Etymology" title="Soul">Soul (etymology)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Old_Norse_religion_and_mythology" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#d6dbbe;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Norse_paganism_footer" title="Template:Norse paganism footer"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Norse_paganism_footer" title="Template talk:Norse paganism footer"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Norse_paganism_footer" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Norse paganism footer"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Old_Norse_religion_and_mythology" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Old_Norse_religion" title="Old Norse religion">Old Norse religion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Norse_mythology" title="Norse mythology">mythology</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#d6dbbe;"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_people,_items_and_places_in_Norse_mythology" title="List of people, items and places in Norse mythology">Mythological Norse people, items and places</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Germanic_deities" title="List of Germanic deities">Deities</a>, <br /> <a href="/wiki/Dwarf_(folklore)" title="Dwarf (folklore)">dwarfs</a>, <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6tunn" title="Jötunn">jötnar</a>,<br />and other figures</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%C3%86sir" title="Æsir">Æsir</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alm%C3%A1ttki_%C3%A1ss" title="Almáttki áss">Almáttki áss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baldr" title="Baldr">Baldr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bragi" title="Bragi">Bragi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dellingr" title="Dellingr">Dellingr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forseti" title="Forseti">Forseti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heimdall" title="Heimdall">Heimdall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herm%C3%B3%C3%B0r" title="Hermóðr">Hermóðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B6%C3%B0r" title="Höðr">Höðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C5%93nir" title="Hœnir">Hœnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dtreksj%C3%B3%C3%B0" title="Ítreksjóð">Ítreksjóð</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%B3%C3%B0urr" title="Lóðurr">Lóðurr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loki" title="Loki">Loki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1ni" title="Máni">Máni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meili" title="Meili">Meili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%ADmir" title="Mímir">Mímir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%B3%C3%B0i_and_Magni" title="Móði and Magni">Móði and Magni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odin" title="Odin">Odin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%93%C3%B0r" title="Óðr">Óðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor" title="Thor">Thor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BDr" title="Týr">Týr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ullr" title="Ullr">Ullr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A1li" title="Váli">Váli (son of Odin)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%AD%C3%B0arr" title="Víðarr">Víðarr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vili_and_V%C3%A9" title="Vili and Vé">Vili and Vé</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%C3%86sir" title="Æsir">Ásynjur</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hj%C3%BAki_and_Bil" title="Hjúki and Bil">Bil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eir" title="Eir">Eir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frigg" title="Frigg">Frigg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulla" title="Fulla">Fulla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gefjon" title="Gefjon">Gefjon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ger%C3%B0r" title="Gerðr">Gerðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gn%C3%A1_and_H%C3%B3fvarpnir" title="Gná and Hófvarpnir">Gná</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hl%C3%ADn" title="Hlín">Hlín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I%C3%B0unn" title="Iðunn">Iðunn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilmr" title="Ilmr">Ilmr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Eorger%C3%B0r_H%C3%B6lgabr%C3%BA%C3%B0r_and_Irpa" title="Þorgerðr Hölgabrúðr and Irpa">Irpa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lofn" title="Lofn">Lofn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanna_(Norse_deity)" title="Nanna (Norse deity)">Nanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nj%C3%B6run" title="Njörun">Njörun</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rindr" title="Rindr">Rindr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1ga_and_S%C3%B6kkvabekkr" title="Sága and Sökkvabekkr">Sága</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sif" title="Sif">Sif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigyn" title="Sigyn">Sigyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sj%C3%B6fn" title="Sjöfn">Sjöfn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ska%C3%B0i" title="Skaði">Skaði</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snotra" title="Snotra">Snotra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B3l_(Germanic_mythology)" title="Sól (Germanic mythology)">Sól</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syn_(goddess)" title="Syn (goddess)">Syn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Eorger%C3%B0r_H%C3%B6lgabr%C3%BA%C3%B0r_and_Irpa" title="Þorgerðr Hölgabrúðr and Irpa">Þorgerðr Hölgabrúðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Er%C3%BA%C3%B0r" title="Þrúðr">Þrúðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A1r" title="Vár">Vár</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6r" title="Vör">Vör</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vanir" title="Vanir">Vanir</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freyja" title="Freyja">Freyja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freyr" title="Freyr">Freyr</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ingunar-Freyr" title="Ingunar-Freyr">Ingunar-Freyr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yngvi" title="Yngvi">Yngvi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gersemi" title="Gersemi">Gersemi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gullveig" title="Gullveig">Gullveig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hnoss" title="Hnoss">Hnoss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kvasir" title="Kvasir">Kvasir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nj%C3%B6r%C3%B0r" title="Njörðr">Njörðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sister-wife_of_Nj%C3%B6r%C3%B0r" title="Sister-wife of Njörðr">Sister-wife of Njörðr</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_j%C3%B6tnar_in_Norse_mythology" title="List of jötnar in Norse mythology">Jötnar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86gir" title="Ægir">Ægir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alvaldi" title="Alvaldi">Alvaldi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angrbo%C3%B0a" title="Angrboða">Angrboða</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurbo%C3%B0a" title="Aurboða">Aurboða</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baugi" title="Baugi">Baugi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beli_(j%C3%B6tunn)" title="Beli (jötunn)">Beli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bergelmir" title="Bergelmir">Bergelmir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bestla" title="Bestla">Bestla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%B6l%C3%BEorn" title="Bölþorn">Bölþorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BDleistr" title="Býleistr">Býleistr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg%C3%BE%C3%A9r" title="Eggþér">Eggþér</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1rbauti" title="Fárbauti">Fárbauti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fj%C3%B6lvar" title="Fjölvar">Fjölvar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fornj%C3%B3t" title="Fornjót">Fornjót</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangr" title="Gangr">Gangr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geirr%C3%B6%C3%B0r" title="Geirröðr">Geirröðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gillingr" title="Gillingr">Gillingr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gj%C3%A1lp_and_Greip" title="Gjálp and Greip">Gjálp and Greip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%AD%C3%B0r" title="Gríðr">Gríðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunnl%C3%B6%C3%B0" title="Gunnlöð">Gunnlöð</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gymir_(father_of_Ger%C3%B0r)" title="Gymir (father of Gerðr)">Gymir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Har%C3%B0greipr" title="Harðgreipr">Harðgreipr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helblindi" title="Helblindi">Helblindi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helreginn" title="Helreginn">Helreginn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hljod" title="Hljod">Hljod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hr%C3%A6svelgr" title="Hræsvelgr">Hræsvelgr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hr%C3%ADmger%C3%B0r" title="Hrímgerðr">Hrímgerðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hr%C3%ADmgr%C3%ADmnir" title="Hrímgrímnir">Hrímgrímnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hr%C3%ADmnir" title="Hrímnir">Hrímnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hro%C3%B0r" title="Hroðr">Hroðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hrungnir" title="Hrungnir">Hrungnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hrymr" title="Hrymr">Hrymr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hymir" title="Hymir">Hymir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyrrokkin" title="Hyrrokkin">Hyrrokkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I%C3%B0i" title="Iði">Iði</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dm" title="Ím">Ím</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A1rnsaxa" title="Járnsaxa">Járnsaxa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laufey_(mythology)" title="Laufey (mythology)">Laufey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leikn" title="Leikn">Leikn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litr" title="Litr">Litr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logi_(mythology)" title="Logi (mythology)">Logi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%B6g%C3%BErasir" title="Mögþrasir">Mögþrasir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narfi" title="Narfi">Narfi (father of Nott)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B6kkm%C3%ADmir" title="Sökkmímir">Sökkmímir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surtr" title="Surtr">Surtr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suttungr" title="Suttungr">Suttungr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Ejazi" title="Þjazi">Þjazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9E%C3%B6kk" title="Þökk">Þökk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Er%C3%ADvaldi" title="Þrívaldi">Þrívaldi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Er%C3%BA%C3%B0gelmir" title="Þrúðgelmir">Þrúðgelmir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Erymr" title="Þrymr">Þrymr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Atgar%C3%B0a-Loki" title="Útgarða-Loki">Útgarða-Loki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaf%C3%BEr%C3%BA%C3%B0nir" title="Vafþrúðnir">Vafþrúðnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%AD%C3%B0blindi" title="Víðblindi">Víðblindi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vosud" title="Vosud">Vosud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6rnir" title="Vörnir">Vörnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ymir" title="Ymir">Ymir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_dwarfs_in_Norse_mythology" title="List of dwarfs in Norse mythology">Dwarfs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alv%C3%ADss" title="Alvíss">Alvíss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andvari" title="Andvari">Andvari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austri,_Vestri,_Nor%C3%B0ri_and_Su%C3%B0ri" title="Austri, Vestri, Norðri and Suðri">Austri, Vestri, Norðri and Suðri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billingr" title="Billingr">Billingr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1inn_(Norse_dwarf)" title="Dáinn (Norse dwarf)">Dáinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durinn" title="Durinn">Durinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%BArnir" title="Dúrnir">Dúrnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dvalinn" title="Dvalinn">Dvalinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1fnir" title="Fáfnir">Fáfnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fjalar_and_Galar" title="Fjalar and Galar">Fjalar and Galar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandalf_(mythology)" title="Gandalf (mythology)">Gandalf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hrei%C3%B0marr" title="Hreiðmarr">Hreiðmarr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litr" title="Litr">Litr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%B3tsognir" title="Mótsognir">Mótsognir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%93tr" title="Ótr">Ótr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regin" title="Regin">Regin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sons_of_Ivaldi" title="Sons of Ivaldi">Sons of Ivaldi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brokkr" title="Brokkr">Brokkr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eitri" title="Eitri">Eitri</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Germanic_heroic_legend" title="Germanic heroic legend">Heroes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_figures_in_Germanic_heroic_legend" title="Lists of figures in Germanic heroic legend">List of figures in Germanic heroic legend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_figures_in_Germanic_heroic_legend,_A" title="List of figures in Germanic heroic legend, A"> A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_figures_in_Germanic_heroic_legend,_B%E2%80%93C" title="List of figures in Germanic heroic legend, B–C"> B–C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_figures_in_Germanic_heroic_legend,_D%E2%80%93E" title="List of figures in Germanic heroic legend, D–E"> D–E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_figures_in_Germanic_heroic_legend,_F%E2%80%93G" title="List of figures in Germanic heroic legend, F–G"> F–G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_figures_in_Germanic_heroic_legend,_H%E2%80%93He" title="List of figures in Germanic heroic legend, H–He"> H–He</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_figures_in_Germanic_heroic_legend,_Hi%E2%80%93Hy" title="List of figures in Germanic heroic legend, Hi–Hy"> Hi–Hy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_figures_in_Germanic_heroic_legend,_I%E2%80%93O" title="List of figures in Germanic heroic legend, I–O"> I–O</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_figures_in_Germanic_heroic_legend,_P%E2%80%93S" title="List of figures in Germanic heroic legend, P–S"> P–S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_figures_in_Germanic_heroic_legend,_T%E2%80%93Y" title="List of figures in Germanic heroic legend, T–Y"> T–Y</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people,_clan,_and_place_names_in_Germanic_heroic_legend" title="List of people, clan, and place names in Germanic heroic legend">people, clan, and place names in Germanic heroic legend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_named_animals_and_plants_in_Germanic_heroic_legend" title="List of named animals and plants in Germanic heroic legend">named animals and plants </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_named_weapons,_armour_and_treasures_in_Germanic_heroic_legend" title="List of named weapons, armour and treasures in Germanic heroic legend">named weapons, armour and treasures</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ask_and_Embla" title="Ask and Embla">Ask and Embla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Au%C3%B0r_(mythology)" title="Auðr (mythology)">Auðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Au%C3%B0umbla" title="Auðumbla">Auðumbla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurvandill" title="Aurvandill">Aurvandill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beyla" title="Beyla">Beyla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borr" title="Borr">Borr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BAri" title="Búri">Búri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byggvir" title="Byggvir">Byggvir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%ADs" title="Dís">Dísir</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Landd%C3%ADsir" title="Landdísir">Landdísir</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanic_dragon" title="Germanic dragon">Dragons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Draugs" class="mw-redirect" title="Draugs">Draugs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einherjar" title="Einherjar">Einherjar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eldir" title="Eldir">Eldir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elf" title="Elf">Elves</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%B6kk%C3%A1lfar_and_Lj%C3%B3s%C3%A1lfar" title="Dökkálfar and Ljósálfar">Dark elves (Dökkálfar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%B6kk%C3%A1lfar_and_Lj%C3%B3s%C3%A1lfar" title="Dökkálfar and Ljósálfar">Light elves (Ljósálfar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svart%C3%A1lfar" title="Svartálfar">Black elves (Svartálfar)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fimafeng" title="Fimafeng">Fimafeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fjalar_(rooster)" title="Fjalar (rooster)">Fjalar (rooster)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenrir" title="Fenrir">Fenrir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fj%C3%B6rgyn_and_Fj%C3%B6rgynn" title="Fjörgyn and Fjörgynn">Fjörgyn and Fjörgynn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fylgja" title="Fylgja">Fylgja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garmr" title="Garmr">Garmr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gullinbursti" title="Gullinbursti">Gullinbursti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hati_Hr%C3%B3%C3%B0vitnisson" title="Hati Hróðvitnisson">Hati Hróðvitnisson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hel_(mythological_being)" title="Hel (mythological being)">Hel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hildisv%C3%ADni" class="mw-redirect" title="Hildisvíni">Hildisvíni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hj%C3%BAki_and_Bil" title="Hjúki and Bil">Hjúki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horses_of_the_%C3%86sir" title="Horses of the Æsir">Horses of the Æsir</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81rvakr_and_Alsvi%C3%B0r" title="Árvakr and Alsviðr">Árvakr and Alsviðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bl%C3%B3%C3%B0ugh%C3%B3fi" title="Blóðughófi">Blóðughófi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falh%C3%B3fnir" title="Falhófnir">Falhófnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%ADsl" class="mw-redirect" title="Gísl">Gísl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gla%C3%B0r" title="Glaðr">Glaðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gl%C3%A6r" title="Glær">Glær</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenr" title="Glenr">Glenr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grani" title="Grani">Grani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gullfaxi" title="Gullfaxi">Gullfaxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulltoppr" title="Gulltoppr">Gulltoppr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gyllir" title="Gyllir">Gyllir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamskerpir_and_Gar%C3%B0rofa" title="Hamskerpir and Garðrofa">Hamskerpir and Garðrofa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gn%C3%A1_and_H%C3%B3fvarpnir" title="Gná and Hófvarpnir">Hófvarpnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skinfaxi_and_Hr%C3%ADmfaxi" title="Skinfaxi and Hrímfaxi">Skinfaxi and Hrímfaxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sleipnir" title="Sleipnir">Sleipnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sva%C3%B0ilfari" title="Svaðilfari">Svaðilfari</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6r%C3%B0" title="Jörð">Jörð</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6rmungandr" title="Jörmungandr">Jörmungandr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADf_and_L%C3%ADfthrasir" class="mw-redirect" title="Líf and Lífthrasir">Líf and Lífthrasir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loddf%C3%A1fnir" title="Loddfáfnir">Loddfáfnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%B3%C3%B0gu%C3%B0r" title="Móðguðr">Móðguðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine_Daughters_of_%C3%86gir_and_R%C3%A1n" title="Nine Daughters of Ægir and Rán">Nine Daughters of Ægir and Rán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine_Mothers_of_Heimdallr" title="Nine Mothers of Heimdallr">Nine Mothers of Heimdallr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narfi_(son_of_Loki)" title="Narfi (son of Loki)">Narfi (son of Loki)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%AD%C3%B0h%C3%B6ggr" title="Níðhöggr">Níðhöggr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norns" title="Norns">Norns</a></li> <li>Personifications <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dagr" title="Dagr">Dagr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elli" title="Elli">Elli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%B3tt" title="Nótt">Nótt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumarr_and_Vetr" title="Sumarr and Vetr">Sumarr and Vetr</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A6hr%C3%ADmnir" title="Sæhrímnir">Sæhrímnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sk%C3%ADrnir" title="Skírnir">Skírnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sk%C3%B6ll" title="Sköll">Sköll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shield-maiden" title="Shield-maiden">Shield-maiden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanngrisnir_and_Tanngnj%C3%B3str" title="Tanngrisnir and Tanngnjóstr">Tanngrisnir and Tanngnjóstr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troll" title="Troll">Troll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Ej%C3%A1lfi_and_R%C3%B6skva" title="Þjálfi and Röskva">Þjálfi and Röskva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A6ttir" class="mw-redirect" title="Vættir">Vættir</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Landv%C3%A6ttir" title="Landvættir">Landvættir</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A1li_(son_of_Loki)" title="Váli (son of Loki)">Váli (son of Loki)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valkyrie" title="Valkyrie">Valkyries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayland_the_Smith" title="Wayland the Smith">Völundr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6r%C3%B0r" title="Vörðr">Vörðr</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Locations_in_Norse_mythology" title="Category:Locations in Norse mythology">Locations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%">Underworld</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hel_(location)" title="Hel (location)">Hel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89lj%C3%BA%C3%B0nir" title="Éljúðnir">Éljúðnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gjallarbr%C3%BA" title="Gjallarbrú">Gjallarbrú</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1str%C3%B6nd" title="Náströnd">Náströnd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niflhel" title="Niflhel">Niflhel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ni%C3%B0afj%C3%B6ll" title="Niðafjöll">Niðafjöll</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%">Rivers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89liv%C3%A1gar" title="Élivágar">Élivágar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gj%C3%B6ll" title="Gjöll">Gjöll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dfingr" title="Ífingr">Ífingr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerlaugar" title="Kerlaugar">Kerlaugar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6rmt_and_%C3%96rmt" title="Körmt and Örmt">Körmt and Örmt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slidr_River" title="Slidr River">Slidr River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadgelmir" title="Vadgelmir">Vadgelmir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vimur_River" title="Vimur River">Vimur River</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%">Other locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asgard" title="Asgard">Asgard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amsvartnir" title="Amsvartnir">Amsvartnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andlang" title="Andlang">Andlang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barri" title="Barri">Barri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bifr%C3%B6st" title="Bifröst">Bifröst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bilskirnir" title="Bilskirnir">Bilskirnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Br%C3%A1vellir" title="Brávellir">Brávellir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brimir" title="Brimir">Brimir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fensalir" title="Fensalir">Fensalir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%B3lkvangr" title="Fólkvangr">Fólkvangr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Signhildsberg" title="Signhildsberg">Fornsigtuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fyrisvellir" title="Fyrisvellir">Fyrisvellir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A1lgvi%C3%B0r" title="Gálgviðr">Gálgviðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandvik" title="Gandvik">Gandvik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gastropnir" title="Gastropnir">Gastropnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giml%C3%A9" title="Gimlé">Gimlé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginnungagap" title="Ginnungagap">Ginnungagap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gla%C3%B0sheimr" title="Glaðsheimr">Glaðsheimr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gl%C3%A6sisvellir" title="Glæsisvellir">Glæsisvellir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glitnir" class="mw-redirect" title="Glitnir">Glitnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnipahellir" title="Gnipahellir">Gnipahellir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grove_of_fetters" class="mw-redirect" title="Grove of fetters">Grove of fetters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hei%C3%B0r" title="Heiðr">Heiðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himinbj%C3%B6rg" title="Himinbjörg">Himinbjörg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindarfjall" title="Hindarfjall">Hindarfjall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hlidskjalf" title="Hlidskjalf">Hlidskjalf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hnitbjorg" title="Hnitbjorg">Hnitbjorg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoddm%C3%ADmis_holt" title="Hoddmímis holt">Hoddmímis holt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I%C3%B0av%C3%B6llr" title="Iðavöllr">Iðavöllr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A1rnvi%C3%B0r" title="Járnviðr">Járnviðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6tunheimr" title="Jötunheimr">Jötunheimr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%ADmamei%C3%B0r" title="Mímameiðr">Mímameiðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrkvi%C3%B0r" title="Myrkviðr">Myrkviðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munarv%C3%A1gr" title="Munarvágr">Munarvágr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%B3at%C3%BAn_(mythology)" title="Nóatún (mythology)">Nóatún</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okolnir" title="Okolnir">Okolnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sessr%C3%BAmnir" title="Sessrúmnir">Sessrúmnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindri_(mythology)" title="Sindri (mythology)">Sindri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singasteinn" title="Singasteinn">Singasteinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Er%C3%BA%C3%B0heimr" title="Þrúðheimr">Þrúðheimr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Er%C3%BA%C3%B0vangr" title="Þrúðvangr">Þrúðvangr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Erymheimr" title="Þrymheimr">Þrymheimr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamla_Uppsala" title="Gamla Uppsala">Uppsala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Atgar%C3%B0ar" title="Útgarðar">Útgarðar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valaskj%C3%A1lf" title="Valaskjálf">Valaskjálf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valhalla" title="Valhalla">Valhalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanaheimr" title="Vanaheimr">Vanaheimr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%AD%C3%B0bl%C3%A1inn" title="Víðbláinn">Víðbláinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADgr%C3%AD%C3%B0r" title="Vígríðr">Vígríðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ving%C3%B3lf" title="Vingólf">Vingólf</a></li> <li>Wells <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hvergelmir" title="Hvergelmir">Hvergelmir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%ADmisbrunnr" title="Mímisbrunnr">Mímisbrunnr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ur%C3%B0arbrunnr" title="Urðarbrunnr">Urðarbrunnr</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Ddalir" title="Ýdalir">Ýdalir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yggdrasil" title="Yggdrasil">Yggdrasil</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Events_in_Norse_mythology" title="Category:Events in Norse mythology">Events</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86sir%E2%80%93Vanir_War" title="Æsir–Vanir War">Æsir–Vanir War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fimbulwinter" title="Fimbulwinter">Fimbulvetr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%B3%C3%B0i%27s_Peace" title="Fróði's Peace">Fróði's Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hja%C3%B0ningav%C3%ADg" title="Hjaðningavíg">Hjaðningavíg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ragnar%C3%B6k" title="Ragnarök">Ragnarök</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%">Sources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Gesta_Danorum" title="Gesta Danorum">Gesta Danorum</a></i></span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Edda" title="Edda">Edda</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Poetic_Edda" title="Poetic Edda">Poetic Edda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prose_Edda" title="Prose Edda">Prose Edda</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runestone" title="Runestone">Runestones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saga" title="Saga">Sagas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3msv%C3%ADkinga_saga" title="Jómsvíkinga saga">Jómsvíkinga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legendary_saga" title="Legendary saga">Legendary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyrfing_Cycle" class="mw-redirect" title="Tyrfing Cycle">Tyrfing Cycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6lsung_Cycle" title="Völsung Cycle">Völsung Cycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Norse" title="Old Norse">Old Norse language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Norse_orthography" title="Old Norse orthography">Orthography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norse_mythology_in_popular_culture" title="Norse mythology in popular culture">Later influence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%">Religious practice</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthropomorphic_wooden_cult_figurines_of_Central_and_Northern_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Anthropomorphic wooden cult figurines of Central and Northern Europe">Anthropomorphic wooden cult figurines of Central and Northern Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bl%C3%B3t" title="Blót">Blót</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heathen_hof" title="Heathen hof">Hof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heitstrenging" title="Heitstrenging">Heitstrenging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horses_in_Germanic_paganism" title="Horses in Germanic paganism">Horses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B6rgr" title="Hörgr">Hörgr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norse_rituals" title="Norse rituals">Worship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%96ndvegiss%C3%BAlur" title="Öndvegissúlur">Öndvegissúlur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reginnaglar" title="Reginnaglar">Reginnaglar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_trees_and_groves_in_Germanic_paganism_and_mythology" title="Sacred trees and groves in Germanic paganism and mythology">Sacred trees and groves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonarg%C3%B6ltr" title="Sonargöltr">Sonargöltr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_at_Uppsala" title="Temple at Uppsala">Temple at Uppsala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Vé">Vé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wetlands_and_islands_in_Germanic_paganism" title="Wetlands and islands in Germanic paganism">Wetlands and islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%">Festivals and holy periods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lfabl%C3%B3t" title="Álfablót">Álfablót</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%ADsabl%C3%B3t" title="Dísablót">Dísablót</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanic_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Germanic calendar">Germanic calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Eorrabl%C3%B3t" title="Þorrablót">Þorrablót</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vetrn%C3%A6tr" class="mw-redirect" title="Vetrnætr">Vetrnætr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yule" title="Yule">Yule</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Death_in_Norse_paganism" title="Death in Norse paganism">Death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ergi" title="Ergi">Ergi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lag" title="Félag">Félag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galdr" title="Galdr">Galdr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothi" title="Gothi">Goði</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamingja" title="Hamingja">Hamingja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heiti" title="Heiti">Heiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenning" title="Kenning">Kenning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mead_hall" title="Mead hall">Mead hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C4%AB%C3%BE" title="Nīþ">Nīþ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norse_cosmology" title="Norse cosmology">Norse cosmology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Numbers_in_Norse_mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Numbers in Norse mythology">Numbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Norse_philosophy" title="Old Norse philosophy">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rings_in_Germanic_cultures" class="mw-redirect" title="Rings in Germanic cultures">Rings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runes" class="mw-redirect" title="Runes">Runes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sei%C3%B0r" title="Seiðr">Seiðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skald" title="Skald">Skald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viking_Age" title="Viking Age">Viking Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6lva" class="mw-redirect" title="Völva">Völva</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Germanic_paganism" title="Germanic paganism">Germanic paganism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heathenry_(new_religious_movement)" title="Heathenry (new religious movement)">Heathenry (new religious movement)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_Bronze_Age" title="Nordic Bronze Age">Nordic Bronze Age</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" 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