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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Sidney Spivak</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_Manitoba" title="Legislative Assembly of Manitoba">Legislative Assembly of Manitoba</a> for <a href="/wiki/River_Heights_(electoral_district)" title="River Heights (electoral district)">River Heights</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1966–1979</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Maitland_Steinkopf" title="Maitland Steinkopf">Maitland Steinkopf</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gary_Filmon" title="Gary Filmon">Gary Filmon</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1928-05-23</span>)</span>May 23, 1928<br /><a href="/wiki/Winnipeg" title="Winnipeg">Winnipeg</a>, Manitoba, Canada</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">July 8, 2002<span style="display:none">(2002-07-08)</span> (aged 74)<br />Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Manitoba" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba">Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Sidney Joel Spivak</b>, <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Counsel" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen's Counsel">QC</a></span></span> (May 23, 1928 – July 8, 2002) was a <a href="/wiki/Manitoba" title="Manitoba">Manitoba</a> politician. He was a <a href="/wiki/Executive_Council_of_Manitoba" title="Executive Council of Manitoba">Cabinet minister</a> in the governments of <a href="/wiki/Dufferin_Roblin" title="Dufferin Roblin">Dufferin Roblin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walter_Weir" title="Walter Weir">Walter Weir</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sterling_Lyon" title="Sterling Lyon">Sterling Lyon</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-members_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-members-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was himself leader of the <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Manitoba" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba">Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba</a> (PCs) from 1971 to 1975.<sup id="cite_ref-obit_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-obit-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Spivak was born to Jewish parents, Malick and Rose Spivak, in <a href="/wiki/Winnipeg" title="Winnipeg">Winnipeg</a>, and was educated at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Manitoba" title="University of Manitoba">University of Manitoba</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>. He worked as a barrister<sup id="cite_ref-obit_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-obit-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and became Vice-President of Golden Age Beverages Limited and Mathers Investments Limited as well. In 1955, Spivak married <a href="/wiki/Mira_Spivak" title="Mira Spivak">Mira Steele</a>; they had three children together. He was named <a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Counsel" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen's Counsel">Queen's Counsel</a> in 1966.<sup id="cite_ref-mhs_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mhs-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Spivak was first elected to the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_Manitoba" title="Legislative Assembly of Manitoba">Legislative Assembly of Manitoba</a> in the <a href="/wiki/1966_Manitoba_general_election" title="1966 Manitoba general election">1966 provincial election</a>, in the riding of <a href="/wiki/River_Heights_(electoral_district)" title="River Heights (electoral district)">River Heights</a>, which was then in far southwest Winnipeg.<sup id="cite_ref-formerleaderdies_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-formerleaderdies-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Manitoba" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba">Progressive Conservative</a>, Spivak was appointed <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Industry_and_Commerce_(Manitoba)" title="Minister of Industry and Commerce (Manitoba)">Minister of Industry and Commerce</a> in Dufferin Roblin's government. He continued to hold this position after Walter Weir became <a href="/wiki/Premier_of_Manitoba" title="Premier of Manitoba">premier</a> in 1967.<sup id="cite_ref-members_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-members-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Weir's Progressive Conservatives were defeated in the <a href="/wiki/1969_Manitoba_general_election" title="1969 Manitoba general election">1969</a> election, although Spivak was easily re-elected in his own riding.<sup id="cite_ref-members_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-members-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two years later, he defeated <a href="/wiki/Harry_Enns" title="Harry Enns">Harry Enns</a> by 46 votes to become the <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Manitoba_leadership_elections#1971_Progressive_Conservative_leadership_convention" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba leadership elections">party's leader</a>. </p><p>Ideologically, Spivak was a <a href="/wiki/Red_Tory" title="Red Tory">Red Tory</a> (on the <a href="/wiki/Left-wing_politics" title="Left-wing politics">left</a> of the party). He represented an urban and <a href="/wiki/Progressivism" title="Progressivism">progressive</a> wing within the party, and did not have the complete confidence of his caucus, which was dominated by more <a href="/wiki/Right-wing_politics" title="Right-wing politics">right-wing</a> figures. In the <a href="/wiki/1973_Manitoba_general_election" title="1973 Manitoba general election">1973 election</a>, Spivak presented himself as being to the right of Premier <a href="/wiki/Edward_Schreyer" title="Edward Schreyer">Edward Schreyer</a>'s <a href="/wiki/New_Democratic_Party_of_Manitoba" title="New Democratic Party of Manitoba">New Democrats</a>, but to the left of the <a href="/wiki/Manitoba_Liberal_Party" title="Manitoba Liberal Party">Liberals</a> under <a href="/wiki/Izzy_Asper" title="Izzy Asper">Israel Asper</a>. He specifically rejected Asper's <a href="/wiki/Laissez-faire" title="Laissez-faire">laissez-faire</a> economic policies, and promised to govern as a <a href="/wiki/Centrism" title="Centrism">centrist</a>. </p><p>The Progressive Conservatives won 21 seats in the 1973 election, up one from their position at the dissolution of the assembly. Schreyer's New Democrats, however, were re-elected with a majority, and many PC members blamed Spivak for the party's loss. (Some have suggested that the Tory defeat was due in part to <a href="/wiki/Antisemitism" title="Antisemitism">antisemitism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-jewishfactor_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jewishfactor-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This interpretation has never been verified, however, and has been rejected by some prominent Jewish figures in Manitoba.) </p><p>In 1975, former minister Sterling Lyon, who had not held office since 1969 at that point, challenged Spivak for the Progressive Conservative leadership. This challenge was extremely divisive, pitting Spivak's left-leaning ideology against Lyon's <a href="/wiki/Conservatism" title="Conservatism">conservatism</a> and dividing the PC membership accordingly. There have also been suggestions that some of Lyon's supporters conducted an antisemitic "whispering campaign" against Spivak, suggesting that the party would be unable to form government under a Jewish leader.<sup id="cite_ref-jewishfactor_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jewishfactor-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lyon, however, had several prominent Jews on his leadership campaign team. </p><p>When the delegates gathered on December 6, Lyon defeated Spivak by 57 votes. Shortly after the vote, Spivak claimed that the party would have difficulty being elected on a right-wing platform. Lyon led the PCs to victory at the <a href="/wiki/1977_Manitoba_general_election" title="1977 Manitoba general election">1977 election</a>, however, and Spivak was appointed as a Minister without Portfolio in the Lyon cabinet (also becoming co-chair of a Task Force on Government Organization and Economy). On October 20, 1978, he became the <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Government_Services_(Manitoba)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Government Services (Manitoba)">Minister of Government Services</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-members_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-members-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Spivak resigned from the Manitoba legislature in 1979.<sup id="cite_ref-members_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-members-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He ran for the <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Canada">Progressive Conservative Party of Canada</a> in the federal riding of <a href="/wiki/Winnipeg%E2%80%94Fort_Garry" title="Winnipeg—Fort Garry">Winnipeg—Fort Garry</a> in that year's <a href="/wiki/1979_Canadian_federal_election" title="1979 Canadian federal election">federal election</a>. He lost to <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal</a> <a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Axworthy" title="Lloyd Axworthy">Lloyd Axworthy</a>, later a high-ranking federal cabinet minister, by 485 out of 45,757 votes.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After his defeat in the 1979 federal election, Spivak did not seek further elected office and returned to business full-time. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, he served as chair of the <a href="/wiki/Canada-Israel_Committee" title="Canada-Israel Committee">Canada-Israel Committee</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-obit_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-obit-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> this organization opposed the <a href="/wiki/Oslo_Accords" title="Oslo Accords">Oslo Peace Accord</a> of 1993, although Spivak himself was subsequently a promoter of peace in the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a>. He also served on the Churchill Regional Health Authority Board in the late 1990s. Spivak wanted to be appointed <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Manitoba" title="Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba">Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba</a> in 1993 (he would have succeeded <a href="/wiki/George_Johnson_(Manitoba_politician)" title="George Johnson (Manitoba politician)">George Johnson</a>, his former ministerial colleague in the Roblin and Weir governments), but <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Brian_Mulroney" title="Brian Mulroney">Brian Mulroney</a>, through <a href="/wiki/Governor_General_of_Canada" title="Governor General of Canada">Governor General</a> <a href="/wiki/Ray_Hnatyshyn" title="Ray Hnatyshyn">Ray Hnatyshyn</a>, appointed <a href="/wiki/Yvon_Dumont" title="Yvon Dumont">Yvon Dumont</a> instead. </p><p>He served on the board of governors of the University of Manitoba and on the board of directors for the <a href="/wiki/Saint_Boniface_Hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Boniface Hospital">Saint Boniface Hospital</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-obit_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-obit-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sidney Spivak died of a <a href="/wiki/Myocardial_infarction" title="Myocardial infarction">heart attack</a> in Winnipeg in 2002.<sup id="cite_ref-mhs_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mhs-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His widow Mira Spivak was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Canada" title="Senate of Canada">Senate of Canada</a> from Manitoba from 1986 until she took mandatory retirement on her seventy-fifth birthday in 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sidney_Spivak&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-members-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-members_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-members_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-members_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-members_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-members_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.mb.ca/legislature/members/mla_bio_deceased.html#S0">"MLA Biographies - Deceased"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_Manitoba" title="Legislative Assembly of Manitoba">Legislative Assembly of Manitoba</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-11-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MLA+Biographies+-+Deceased&rft.pub=Legislative+Assembly+of+Manitoba&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.mb.ca%2Flegislature%2Fmembers%2Fmla_bio_deceased.html%23S0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASidney+Spivak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-obit-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-obit_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-obit_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-obit_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-obit_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://passages.winnipegfreepress.com/passage-details/id-70669/name-Sidney_Spivak/">"Sidney Spivak"</a>. <i>Winnipeg Free Press</i>. July 12, 2002<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-11-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Winnipeg+Free+Press&rft.atitle=Sidney+Spivak&rft.date=2002-07-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpassages.winnipegfreepress.com%2Fpassage-details%2Fid-70669%2Fname-Sidney_Spivak%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASidney+Spivak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mhs-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mhs_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mhs_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mhs.mb.ca/docs/people/spivak_s.shtml">"Sidney Joel Spivak (1928-2002)"</a>. <i>Memorable Manitobans</i>. <a href="/wiki/Manitoba_Historical_Society" title="Manitoba Historical Society">Manitoba Historical Society</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-11-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Memorable+Manitobans&rft.atitle=Sidney+Joel+Spivak+%281928-2002%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mhs.mb.ca%2Fdocs%2Fpeople%2Fspivak_s.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASidney+Spivak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-formerleaderdies-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-formerleaderdies_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/former-conservative-leader-dies-1.356459">"Former Conservative leader dies"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Canadian Broadcasting Corporation">Canadian Broadcasting Corporation</a>. July 9, 2002<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 19,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Former+Conservative+leader+dies&rft.date=2002-07-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fcanada%2Fmanitoba%2Fformer-conservative-leader-dies-1.356459&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASidney+Spivak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jewishfactor-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-jewishfactor_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jewishfactor_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.winnipegfreepress.com/opinion/westview/How-anti-Semitism-figured-in-the-1973-Manitoba-election-44710922.html">"The Jewish factor"</a>. <i>Winnipeg Free Press</i>. May 10, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 19,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Winnipeg+Free+Press&rft.atitle=The+Jewish+factor&rft.date=2009-05-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.winnipegfreepress.com%2Fopinion%2Fwestview%2FHow-anti-Semitism-figured-in-the-1973-Manitoba-election-44710922.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASidney+Spivak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parl.gc.ca/About/Parliament/FederalRidingsHistory/hfer.asp?Include=Y&Language=E&rid=828&Search=Det">"Winnipeg--Fort Garry, Manitoba (1976 - 1987)"</a>. <i>History of Federal Ridings since 1867</i>. <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Parliament" title="Library of Parliament">Library of Parliament</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-11-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=History+of+Federal+Ridings+since+1867&rft.atitle=Winnipeg--Fort+Garry%2C+Manitoba+%281976+-+1987%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.parl.gc.ca%2FAbout%2FParliament%2FFederalRidingsHistory%2Fhfer.asp%3FInclude%3DY%26Language%3DE%26rid%3D828%26Search%3DDet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASidney+Spivak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.winnipegfreepress.com/local/manitoba-senate-seat-sits-wide-open-52752767.html">"Manitoba Senate seat sits wide-open"</a>. <i>Winnipeg Free Press</i>. August 8, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 19,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Winnipeg+Free+Press&rft.atitle=Manitoba+Senate+seat+sits+wide-open&rft.date=2009-08-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.winnipegfreepress.com%2Flocal%2Fmanitoba-senate-seat-sits-wide-open-52752767.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASidney+Spivak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Norquay" title="John Norquay">Norquay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Howard_Harrison" title="David Howard Harrison">Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodmond_Roblin" title="Rodmond Roblin">R. Roblin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_John_Macdonald" title="Hugh John Macdonald">Macdonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodmond_Roblin" title="Rodmond Roblin">R. Roblin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Albert_Manning_Aikins" title="James Albert Manning Aikins">Aikins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Prefontaine" title="Albert Prefontaine">Prefontaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Gardiner_Willis" title="Richard Gardiner Willis">R. G. Willis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fawcett_Taylor" title="Fawcett Taylor">Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Sanford_Evans" title="William Sanford Evans">Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Errick_Willis" title="Errick Willis">E. Willis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Manitoba" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba">Progressive Conservative</a> (1946–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Errick_Willis" title="Errick Willis">E. Willis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dufferin_Roblin" title="Dufferin Roblin">D. Roblin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Weir" title="Walter Weir">Weir</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Spivak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sterling_Lyon" title="Sterling Lyon">Lyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Filmon" title="Gary Filmon">Filmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonnie_Mitchelson" title="Bonnie Mitchelson">Mitchelson</a> (interim)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuart_Murray" title="Stuart Murray">Murray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_McFadyen" title="Hugh McFadyen">McFadyen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Pallister" title="Brian Pallister">Pallister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelvin_Goertzen" title="Kelvin Goertzen">Goertzen</a> (interim)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heather_Stefanson" title="Heather Stefanson">Stefanson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sidney_Spivak&oldid=1247777837">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sidney_Spivak&oldid=1247777837</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1928_births" title="Category:1928 births">1928 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2002_deaths" title="Category:2002 deaths">2002 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Businesspeople_from_Winnipeg" title="Category:Businesspeople from Winnipeg">Businesspeople from Winnipeg</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Canadian_King%27s_Counsel" title="Category:Canadian King's Counsel">Canadian King's Counsel</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Harvard_University_alumni" title="Category:Harvard University alumni">Harvard University alumni</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Jewish_Canadian_politicians" title="Category:Jewish Canadian politicians">Jewish Canadian politicians</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_Executive_Council_of_Manitoba" title="Category:Members of the Executive Council of Manitoba">Members of the Executive Council of Manitoba</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Politicians_from_Winnipeg" title="Category:Politicians from Winnipeg">Politicians from Winnipeg</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Manitoba_MLAs" title="Category:Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba MLAs">Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba MLAs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_members_of_the_Legislative_Assembly_of_Manitoba" title="Category:20th-century members of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba">20th-century members of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_Canadian_English_from_January_2023" title="Category:Use Canadian English from January 2023">Use Canadian English from January 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_Canadian_English" title="Category:All Wikipedia articles written in Canadian English">All Wikipedia articles written in Canadian English</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 25 September 2024, at 23:35<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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