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Baculoviridae - Wikipedia
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vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Major_envelope_glycoprotein_gp64"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Major envelope glycoprotein gp64</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Major_envelope_glycoprotein_gp64-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Applications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Applications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Applications</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Applications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Biosafety" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biosafety"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Biosafety</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biosafety-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li 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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Evolution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Evolution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Evolution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-General_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>General sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div 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Available in 23 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-23" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">23 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3_%D8%B9%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%8A" title="فيروس عصوي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فيروس عصوي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakuloviruslar" title="Bakuloviruslar – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Bakuloviruslar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baculoviridae" title="Baculoviridae – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Baculoviridae" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baculoviridae" title="Baculoviridae – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Baculoviridae" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakuloviirused" title="Bakuloviirused – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Bakuloviirused" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baculoviridae" title="Baculoviridae – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Baculoviridae" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baculoviridae" title="Baculoviridae – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Baculoviridae" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baculoviridae" title="Baculoviridae – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Baculoviridae" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%94%EC%BF%A8%EB%A1%9C%EB%B0%94%EC%9D%B4%EB%9F%AC%EC%8A%A4%EA%B3%BC" title="바쿨로바이러스과 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="바쿨로바이러스과" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8" title="बेक्यूलोवाइरस – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बेक्यूलोवाइरस" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baculoviridae" title="Baculoviridae – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Baculoviridae" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baculoviridae" title="Baculoviridae – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Baculoviridae" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Бакуловирустар – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Бакуловирустар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baculoviridae" title="Baculoviridae – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Baculoviridae" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3_%D8%B9%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%89" title="فيروس عصوى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فيروس عصوى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%90%E3%82%AD%E3%83%A5%E3%83%AD%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B9%E7%A7%91" title="バキュロウイルス科 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="バキュロウイルス科" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakulowirusy" title="Bakulowirusy – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bakulowirusy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baculoviridae" title="Baculoviridae – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Baculoviridae" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Бакуловирусы – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бакуловирусы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakulovirukset" title="Bakulovirukset – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Bakulovirukset" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakulovir%C3%BCs" title="Bakulovirüs – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bakulovirüs" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Бакуловіруси – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Бакуловіруси" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A3%92%E7%8B%80%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92%E7%A7%91" title="棒狀病毒科 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="棒狀病毒科" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q763221#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> 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id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Family of viruses</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(250,250,190)"><i>Baculoviridae</i> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:ODD.Baculo.Fig1.v3.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/ODD.Baculo.Fig1.v3.png/250px-ODD.Baculo.Fig1.v3.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/ODD.Baculo.Fig1.v3.png/330px-ODD.Baculo.Fig1.v3.png 1.5x, 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>(unranked): </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Virus" title="Virus">Virus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Class: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Naldaviricetes" title="Naldaviricetes"><i>Naldaviricetes</i></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lefavirales" title="Lefavirales"><i>Lefavirales</i></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><b><i>Baculoviridae</i></b> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(250,250,190)">Genera </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Alphabaculovirus" title="Alphabaculovirus">Alphabaculovirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Betabaculovirus" title="Betabaculovirus">Betabaculovirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Deltabaculovirus" title="Deltabaculovirus">Deltabaculovirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gammabaculovirus" title="Gammabaculovirus">Gammabaculovirus</a></i></li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p><i><b>Baculoviridae</b></i> is a family of <a href="/wiki/Virus" title="Virus">viruses</a>. <a href="/wiki/Arthropod" title="Arthropod">Arthropods</a>, among the most studied being <a href="/wiki/Lepidoptera" title="Lepidoptera">Lepidoptera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hymenoptera" title="Hymenoptera">Hymenoptera</a> and <a href="/wiki/Diptera" class="mw-redirect" title="Diptera">Diptera</a>, serve as natural hosts. Currently, 85 <a href="/wiki/Virus_classification" title="Virus classification">species</a> are placed in this family, assigned to four genera.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ViralZone_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ViralZone-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ICTV_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ICTV-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Baculoviruses are known to infect insects, with over 600 host species having been described. Immature (larval) forms of lepidopteran species (moths and butterflies) are the most common hosts, but these viruses have also been found infecting <a href="/wiki/Sawfly" title="Sawfly">sawflies</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mosquito" title="Mosquito">mosquitoes</a>. Although baculoviruses are capable of entering mammalian cells in culture,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> they are not known to be capable of replication in <a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">mammalian</a> or other <a href="/wiki/Vertebrate" title="Vertebrate">vertebrate</a> animal cells. </p><p>Starting in the 1940s, they were used and studied widely as <a href="/wiki/Biopesticide" title="Biopesticide">biopesticides</a> in crop fields. Baculoviruses contain a <a href="/wiki/CccDNA" title="CccDNA">circular</a>, <a href="/wiki/Double-stranded_DNA" class="mw-redirect" title="Double-stranded DNA">double-stranded</a> <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a> (dsDNA) genome ranging from 80 to 180 <a href="/wiki/Base_pair#Length_measurements" title="Base pair">kbp</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historical_influence">Historical influence</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baculoviridae&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Historical influence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The earliest records of baculoviruses can be found in the literature from as early as the 16th century in reports of "wilting disease" infecting <a href="/wiki/Bombyx_mori" title="Bombyx mori">silkworm</a> larvae.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Starting in the 1940s, the viruses were used and studied widely as biopesticides in crop fields. Since the 1990s, they have been employed to produce complex eukaryotic <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">proteins</a> in insect <a href="/wiki/Cell_culture" title="Cell culture">cell cultures</a> (see <a href="/wiki/Sf21" title="Sf21">Sf21</a>, <a href="/wiki/High_Five_cells" title="High Five cells">High Five cells</a>). These <a href="/wiki/Recombinant_DNA" title="Recombinant DNA">recombinant</a> proteins have been used in research and as <a href="/wiki/Vaccine" title="Vaccine">vaccines</a> in both human and veterinary medical treatments (for example, the most widely used vaccine for prevention of <a href="/wiki/H5N1" class="mw-redirect" title="H5N1">H5N1</a> avian influenza in chickens was produced in a baculovirus expression vector). More recently, baculoviruses were found to transduce mammalian cells with a suitable promoter.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Baculovirus_lifecycle">Baculovirus lifecycle</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baculoviridae&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Baculovirus lifecycle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Npv-life_cycle-en.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Npv-life_cycle-en.jpg/220px-Npv-life_cycle-en.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="308" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Npv-life_cycle-en.jpg/330px-Npv-life_cycle-en.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Npv-life_cycle-en.jpg/440px-Npv-life_cycle-en.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2880" data-file-height="4032" /></a><figcaption>Diagram of a NPV lifecycle</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CasualtyNPV.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/15/CasualtyNPV.jpg/220px-CasualtyNPV.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/15/CasualtyNPV.jpg/330px-CasualtyNPV.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/15/CasualtyNPV.jpg/440px-CasualtyNPV.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption>A dead caterpillar infected by NPV</figcaption></figure> <p>The baculovirus lifecycle involves two distinct forms of virus. Occlusion-derived virus (ODV) is present in a protein matrix (<a href="/wiki/Polyhedrin" title="Polyhedrin">polyhedrin</a> or <a href="/wiki/Granulin" title="Granulin">granulin</a>) and is responsible for the primary infection of the host, while the budded virus (BV) is released from the infected host cells later during the <a href="/wiki/Secondary_infection" class="mw-redirect" title="Secondary infection">secondary infection</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Baculoviruses have very species-specific tropisms among the <a href="/wiki/Invertebrate" title="Invertebrate">invertebrates</a> with over 700 host species having been described. Immature (larval) forms of lepidopteran species are the most common hosts, but these viruses have also been found infecting sawflies and mosquitoes. Reports of baculovirus infections of <a href="/wiki/Shrimp" title="Shrimp">shrimp</a> and beetles (e.g. <i>Oryctes rhinocerus</i>) were found to be nudiviruses, a closely related lineage to the baculoviruses.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Typically, the initial infection occurs when a susceptible host insect feeds on plants that are contaminated with the occluded form of the virus. The protein matrix dissolves in the alkaline environment of the host midgut (stomach), releasing ODVs that then fuse to the columnar <a href="/wiki/Epithelial_cell" class="mw-redirect" title="Epithelial cell">epithelial cell</a> <a href="/wiki/Cell_membrane" title="Cell membrane">membranes</a> of the host intestine and are taken into the cell in <a href="/wiki/Endosome" title="Endosome">endosomes</a>. <a href="/wiki/Nucleocapsid" class="mw-redirect" title="Nucleocapsid">Nucleocapsids</a> escape from the endosomes and are transported to nucleus. This step is possibly mediated by <a href="/wiki/Actin" title="Actin">actin</a> filaments. Viral transcription and replication occur in the <a href="/wiki/Cell_nucleus" title="Cell nucleus">cell nucleus</a> and new BV particles are budded out from the basolateral side to spread the infection systemically. During budding, BV acquires a loosely fitting host cell membrane with expressed and displayed viral <a href="/wiki/Glycoprotein" title="Glycoprotein">glycoproteins</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fmicb-08-01337-g002.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Fmicb-08-01337-g002.jpg/250px-Fmicb-08-01337-g002.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Fmicb-08-01337-g002.jpg/330px-Fmicb-08-01337-g002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Fmicb-08-01337-g002.jpg/500px-Fmicb-08-01337-g002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1155" /></a><figcaption>Baculovirus dispersal pathways in the environment</figcaption></figure> <p>After baculovirus infection, three distinct phases occur:<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <ul><li>Early (0–6 h),</li> <li>Late (6–24 h)</li> <li>Very late phase (18–24 to 72 h)</li></ul> <p>While BV is produced in the late phase, the ODV form is produced in the very late phase, acquiring the envelope from host cell nucleus and embedded in the matrix of occlusion body protein. These occlusion bodies are released when cells lyse to further spread baculovirus infection to next host. The extensive lysis of cells frequently causes the host insect to literally disintegrate, thus the reason for the historic name "wilting disease". The complete ODV-polyhedrin particles are resistant to heat and light inactivation, whereas the naked BV virion is more sensitive to environment.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>When infecting a caterpillar, the advanced stages of infection cause the host to feed without resting, and then to climb to the higher parts of trees, including exposed places they would normally avoid due to the risk of predators. This is an advantage for the virus since (when the host dissolves) it can drip down onto leaves, which will be consumed by new hosts.<sup id="cite_ref-Mindsuckers_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mindsuckers-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transmissibility">Transmissibility</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baculoviridae&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Transmissibility"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CaterpillarNPV.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a1/CaterpillarNPV.jpg/250px-CaterpillarNPV.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a1/CaterpillarNPV.jpg/330px-CaterpillarNPV.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a1/CaterpillarNPV.jpg/500px-CaterpillarNPV.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption>Another victim of the nuclear polyhedrosis virus</figcaption></figure> <p>The virus is unable to infect humans in the way it does insects, because human stomachs are acid-based and NPV requires an <a href="/wiki/Alkaline" class="mw-redirect" title="Alkaline">alkaline</a> digestive system in order to replicate. It is possible for the virus crystals to enter human cells, but not to replicate to the point of causing illness.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure_of_the_virion">Structure of the virion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baculoviridae&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Structure of the virion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nucleopolyhedrovirus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c1/Nucleopolyhedrovirus.jpg/220px-Nucleopolyhedrovirus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c1/Nucleopolyhedrovirus.jpg/330px-Nucleopolyhedrovirus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c1/Nucleopolyhedrovirus.jpg/440px-Nucleopolyhedrovirus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Diagram of a Nucleopolyhedrovirus</figcaption></figure> <p>The most studied baculovirus is <i>Autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus</i> (AcMNPV). The virus was originally isolated from the <a href="/wiki/Autographa_californica" title="Autographa californica">alfalfa looper</a> (a lepidopteran) and contains a 134 <a href="/wiki/Base_pair" title="Base pair">kbp</a> <a href="/wiki/Genome" title="Genome">genome</a> with 154 <a href="/wiki/Open_reading_frame" title="Open reading frame">open reading frames</a>. The major capsid protein VP39 together with some minor proteins forms the nucleocapsid (21 nm x 260 nm) that encloses the DNA with p6.9 protein.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnstone2024SciAdv_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnstone2024SciAdv-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Using cryo–electron microscopy, it has been shown that the major capsid protein VP39 forms a covalently cross-linked helical tube protecting a highly compacted 134-kilobase pair DNA genome. The ends of the tube are sealed by the base and cap substructures, which share a 126-subunit hub but differ in components that promote actin tail–mediated propulsion and nuclear entry of the nucleocapsid, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnstone2024SciAdv_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnstone2024SciAdv-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The fold of VP39 is novel and is unrelated to those of major capsid proteins encoded by non-baculo-like dsDNA viruses that belond to realms <i><a href="/wiki/Varidnaviria" title="Varidnaviria">Varidnaviria</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Duplodnaviria" title="Duplodnaviria">Duplodnaviria</a></i>. The N terminus of VP39 contains a CCCH zinc finger motif with an unusual extension in the “knuckle” turn of the zinc finger containing the first two cysteines. This extension has a structural role as it projects away from the main body of the major capsid protein to form a interdimer disulfide bond between two Cys29 residues from neighboring VP39 strands in the nucleocapsid.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnstone2024SciAdv_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnstone2024SciAdv-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>BV acquires its envelope from the cell membrane and requires a glycoprotein, gp64, to be able to spread systemic infection. This protein forms structures called peplomers on one end of the budded virus particle, but is not found on ODVs (although several other proteins are only associated with the ODV form). Some differences also exist in the lipid composition of the viral envelope of the two forms. While the BV envelope consists of phosphatidylserine, ODV contains phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>A nucleocapsid assembly-essential element (NAE) was identified in the AcMNPV genome. The NAE is an internal <i>cis</i>-element within the <i>ac83</i> gene. The nucleocapsid assembly is not dependent on the <i>ac83</i> protein product.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Major_envelope_glycoprotein_gp64">Major envelope glycoprotein gp64</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baculoviridae&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Major envelope glycoprotein gp64"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During periods of evolution, the baculoviral envelope glycoproteins have undergone changes. Ld130, also known as baculovirus F-protein from <i>Lymantria dispar</i> (LdMNPV) is suggested to be an ancestral envelope fusion protein which has been replaced by non-orthologous gene replacement with gp64 in AcMNPV, <i>Bombyx mori</i> (BmNPV) and <i>Orgyia pseudotsugata</i> (OpMNPV) while they still retain the ld130 gene.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Gp64 is a homotrimeric membrane glycoprotein that is polarly present on the rod-shaped virion. It consists of 512 <a href="/wiki/Amino_acid" title="Amino acid">amino acids</a> (aa) with four glycosylation sites at asparagine residues and has a N-terminal signal sequence (20 aa), oligomerization and fusion domain and a hydrophobic transmembrane domain near the C-terminus (7 aa).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>It is produced in both early and late phases of the infection cycle with a maximal rate of synthesis occurring in 24–26 h after infection. Trimerization with intermolecular cysteine-bonds seems to be a crucial step for protein transport to cell surface, since only 33% of synthesized protein reaches cell surface, as monomeric gp64 is degraded within the cells.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Gp64 is essential for efficient budding of the virion and for the cell-to-cell transmission during the infection cycle, as well as viral entry, i.e. causing viral trophism and endosome-mediated uptake to the cell. The major function of the gp64 envelope protein is to cause the pH-mediated envelope fusion to the endosome. Although gp64 has variety of essential functions, it has been reported that gp64-null baculoviruses can be substituted with other viral glycoproteins such as Ld130, G-protein of <i>Vesicular stomatitis</i> virus. These substitutions will result in functional virons.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Applications">Applications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baculoviridae&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Applications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Baculovirus expression in insect cells represents a robust method for producing recombinant glycoproteins or membrane proteins.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the early 1990s, a system was developed by <a href="/wiki/Monsanto" title="Monsanto">Monsanto</a> that allows for easy and fast generation of <a href="/wiki/Recombinant_virus" title="Recombinant virus">recombinant baculoviruses</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Baculovirus-produced proteins have been in use since 2007 as vaccines against <a href="/wiki/Human_papillomavirus_infection" title="Human papillomavirus infection">human papillomavirus infection</a>, successfully protecting against cervical cancer.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Baculovirus-produced proteins are currently under study as therapeutic cancer vaccines with several immunologic advantages over proteins derived from mammalian sources.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Lymantria_dispar" title="Lymantria dispar">Lymantria dispar</a></i> (commonly known as the spongy moth), a serious pest of forest trees, has been successfully contained by releasing spongy moth baculovirus (NPV) preparations. Certain species of <a href="/wiki/Sawfly" title="Sawfly">sawfly</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Neodiprion_sertifer" class="mw-redirect" title="Neodiprion sertifer">Neodiprion sertifer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neodiprion_lecontei" title="Neodiprion lecontei">N. lecontei</a>, N. pratti pratti</i>, etc.), have also been successfully controlled by NPV treatments specific to them.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Members of the genus <i><a href="/wiki/Heliothis" title="Heliothis">Heliothis</a></i>—cosmopolitan insects that attack at least 30 food- and fibre-yielding crop plants—have been controlled by the application of <i>Baculovirus heliothis</i>. In 1975, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="United States Environmental Protection Agency">United States Environmental Protection Agency</a> registered the <i>B. heliothis</i> preparations.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>NPV preparations have also been used commercially against pests such as <i><a href="/wiki/Trichoplusia" title="Trichoplusia">Trichoplusia</a></i> (under the biotrol-VTN brand name) and the <a href="/wiki/Spodoptera_litura" title="Spodoptera litura">cotton leafworm</a> (under the biotrol-VSE brand name).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biosafety">Biosafety</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baculoviridae&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Biosafety"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Baculoviruses are incapable of replicating within the cells of mammals and plants.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They have a restricted range of hosts they can infect that is typically restricted to a limited number of closely related insect species. Because baculoviruses are not harmful to humans, they are considered a safe option for use in research applications. They are also used as biological agents as in the case of the <a href="/wiki/Indian_mealmoth" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian mealmoth">Indian mealmoth</a>, a grain-feeding pest.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in the scope of biosafety, it must be considered that baculoviruses are harmful, if not lethal to insect populations, as described above. Therefore, their usage should preferably occur in controlled settings limiting the dissemination into the environment. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taxonomy">Taxonomy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baculoviridae&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Taxonomy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name of this family has been derived from the Latin word <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">baculus</i></span>, meaning "stick". The family has been divided into four genera: <i><a href="/wiki/Alphabaculovirus" title="Alphabaculovirus">Alphabaculovirus</a></i> (lepidopteran-specific nucleopolyhedroviruses), <i><a href="/wiki/Betabaculovirus" title="Betabaculovirus">Betabaculovirus</a></i> (lepidopteran-specific granuloviruses), <i><a href="/wiki/Gammabaculovirus" title="Gammabaculovirus">Gammabaculovirus</a></i> (hymenopteran-specific nucleopolyhedroviruses), and<i> <a href="/wiki/Deltabaculovirus" title="Deltabaculovirus">Deltabaculovirus</a></i> (dipteran-specific nucleopolyhedroviruses).<sup id="cite_ref-Jehle2006_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jehle2006-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nuclear_polyhedrosis_virus">Nuclear polyhedrosis virus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baculoviridae&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Nuclear polyhedrosis virus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Nucleopolyhedrovirus" class="mw-redirect" title="Nucleopolyhedrovirus">Nucleopolyhedrovirus</a>, which was a genus of the family <i>Baculoviridae</i> from 1993 until 2008, when it was abolished.</div> <p><b>Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus</b> (NPV) was once listed by the <a href="/wiki/International_Committee_on_Taxonomy_of_Viruses" title="International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses">International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Subgenus" title="Subgenus">subgenus</a> of <i>Eubaculovirinae</i>, but the term now refers to 35 species of the family <i>Baculoviridae</i>, mostly <a href="/wiki/Alphabaculovirus" title="Alphabaculovirus">alphabaculoviruses</a>, but also one <a href="/wiki/Deltabaculovirus" title="Deltabaculovirus">deltabaculovirus</a> and two <a href="/wiki/Gammabaculovirus" title="Gammabaculovirus">gammabaculoviruses</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Polyhedron" title="Polyhedron">polyhedral</a> <a href="/wiki/Capsid" title="Capsid">capsid</a> from which the virus gets its name is an extremely stable <a href="/wiki/Protein_crystallization" title="Protein crystallization">protein crystal</a> that protects the virus in the external environment. It dissolves in the <a href="/wiki/Alkalinity" title="Alkalinity">alkaline</a> <a href="/wiki/Midgut" title="Midgut">midgut</a> of moths and butterflies to release the virus particle and infect the larva.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An example of an insect that it infects is the <a href="/wiki/Fall_webworm" title="Fall webworm">fall webworm</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Evolution">Evolution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baculoviridae&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Evolution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Baculoviruses are thought to have evolved from the <i><a href="/wiki/Nudiviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Nudiviridae">Nudiviridae</a></i> family of viruses <span class="nourlexpansion plainlinks" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geoltime.github.io/?Ma=310">310</a> million years ago</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-Thézé2011_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thézé2011-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baculoviridae&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px 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mw-disambig" title="Polyhedrosis (disambiguation)">Polyhedrosis (disambiguation)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baculoviridae&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns 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a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHarrisonHerniouJehleTheilmann2018" class="citation journal cs1">Harrison, RL; Herniou, EA; Jehle, JA; Theilmann, DA; Burand, JP; Becnel, JJ; Krell, PJ; van Oers, MM; Mowery, JD; Bauchan, GR; Ictv Report, Consortium (September 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1099%2Fjgv.0.001107">"ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Baculoviridae"</a>. <i>The Journal of General Virology</i>. <b>99</b> (9): <span class="nowrap">1185–</span>1186. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1099%2Fjgv.0.001107">10.1099/jgv.0.001107</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29947603">29947603</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+General+Virology&rft.atitle=ICTV+Virus+Taxonomy+Profile%3A+Baculoviridae.&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=9&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1185-%3C%2Fspan%3E1186&rft.date=2018-09&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1099%2Fjgv.0.001107&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F29947603&rft.aulast=Harrison&rft.aufirst=RL&rft.au=Herniou%2C+EA&rft.au=Jehle%2C+JA&rft.au=Theilmann%2C+DA&rft.au=Burand%2C+JP&rft.au=Becnel%2C+JJ&rft.au=Krell%2C+PJ&rft.au=van+Oers%2C+MM&rft.au=Mowery%2C+JD&rft.au=Bauchan%2C+GR&rft.au=Ictv+Report%2C+Consortium&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1099%252Fjgv.0.001107&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaculoviridae" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ViralZone-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ViralZone_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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(2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3179036">"Paleozoic origin of insect large dsDNA viruses"</a>. <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</i>. <b>108</b> (38): <span class="nowrap">15931–</span>5. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011PNAS..10815931T">2011PNAS..10815931T</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.1105580108">10.1073/pnas.1105580108</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3179036">3179036</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21911395">21911395</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Paleozoic+origin+of+insect+large+dsDNA+viruses&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=38&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E15931-%3C%2Fspan%3E5&rft.date=2011&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3179036%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21911395&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1073%2Fpnas.1105580108&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2011PNAS..10815931T&rft.aulast=Theze&rft.aufirst=J.&rft.au=Bezier%2C+A.&rft.au=Periquet%2C+G.&rft.au=Drezen%2C+J.-M.&rft.au=Herniou%2C+E.+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3179036&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaculoviridae" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="General_sources">General sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baculoviridae&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: General sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100206062710/http://www.nysaes.cornell.edu/ent/biocontrol/pathogens/viruses.html">Viruses by J.Ogrodnick</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDubey2014" class="citation book cs1">Dubey, R. C. (2014). <i>A textbook of biotechnology : [for university and college students in India and abroad]</i> (Fifth revised ed.). New Delhi, India. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-219-2608-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-219-2608-9"><bdi>978-81-219-2608-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+textbook+of+biotechnology+%3A+%5Bfor+university+and+college+students+in+India+and+abroad%5D&rft.place=New+Delhi%2C+India&rft.edition=Fifth+revised&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-81-219-2608-9&rft.aulast=Dubey&rft.aufirst=R.+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaculoviridae" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Preston" title="Richard Preston">Richard Preston</a> (1998). <i><a href="/wiki/The_Cobra_Event" title="The Cobra Event">The Cobra Event</a></i>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baculoviridae&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRohrmann2019" class="citation book cs1">Rohrmann, George (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK543458/"><i>Baculovirus Molecular Biology Fourth Edition</i></a> (4th ed.). Bethesda, MD: NCBI. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31294936">31294936</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Baculovirus+Molecular+Biology+Fourth+Edition&rft.place=Bethesda%2C+MD&rft.edition=4th&rft.pub=NCBI&rft.date=2019&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F31294936&rft.aulast=Rohrmann&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fbooks%2FNBK543458%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaculoviridae" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFederici,_Brian_A.Granados,_Robert_R.1986" class="citation book cs1">Federici, Brian A.; Granados, Robert R. (1986). <i>The Biology of baculoviruses</i>. Boca Raton: CRC Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8493-5988-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8493-5988-0"><bdi>978-0-8493-5988-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Biology+of+baculoviruses&rft.place=Boca+Raton&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=978-0-8493-5988-0&rft.au=Federici%2C+Brian+A.&rft.au=Granados%2C+Robert+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaculoviridae" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMiller,_Lois1997" class="citation book cs1">Miller, Lois (1997). <i>The baculoviruses</i>. New York: Plenum Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-306-45641-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-306-45641-1"><bdi>978-0-306-45641-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+baculoviruses&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Plenum+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-306-45641-1&rft.au=Miller%2C+Lois&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABaculoviridae" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baculoviridae&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Baculoviridae" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Baculoviridae">Baculoviridae</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikispecies-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/40px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/60px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/120px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a> has information related to <i><b><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/Baculoviridae" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Special:Search/Baculoviridae">Baculoviridae</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ictv.global/report/chapter/baculoviridae/baculoviridae"><b>ICTV Report</b>: <i>Baculoviridae</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viralzone.expasy.org/13.html?outline=all_by_species"><b>Viralzone</b>: <i>Baculoviridae</i></a></li> <li>Index of Viruses – Baculoviridae (2006). In: ICTVdB – The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/Ictv/fs_index.htm">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/Ictv/fs_index.htm</a></li> <li>Rohrmann, G.F. 2019. Baculovirus Molecular Biology 4th Ed. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK543458/">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK543458/</a></li> <li>Rohrmann, G.F. 2019. 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">I: <a href="/wiki/DsDNA_virus" class="mw-redirect" title="DsDNA virus">dsDNA viruses</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Adnaviria" title="Adnaviria">Adnaviria</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Zilligvirae19" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Zilligvirae" class="mw-redirect" title="Zilligvirae">Zilligvirae</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Taleaviricota21" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Taleaviricota" class="mw-redirect" title="Taleaviricota">Taleaviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Tokiviricetes21" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Tokiviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokiviricetes">Tokiviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Ligamenvirales" title="Ligamenvirales">Ligamenvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Lipothrixviridae" title="Lipothrixviridae">Lipothrixviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rudiviridae" title="Rudiviridae">Rudiviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Primavirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Primavirales">Primavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Tristromaviridae" title="Tristromaviridae">Tristromaviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Duplodnaviria" title="Duplodnaviria">Duplodnaviria</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Heunggongvirae22" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Heunggongvirae" class="mw-redirect" title="Heunggongvirae">Heunggongvirae</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Peploviricota" class="mw-redirect" title="Peploviricota">Peploviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Herviviricetes22" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Herviviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Herviviricetes">Herviviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Herpesvirales21" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Herpesvirales" title="Herpesvirales">Herpesvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Alloherpesviridae" title="Alloherpesviridae">Alloherpesviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Herpesviridae" title="Herpesviridae">Herpesviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Malacoherpesviridae" title="Malacoherpesviridae">Malacoherpesviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Uroviricota" class="mw-redirect" title="Uroviricota">Uroviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Caudoviricetes22" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Caudoviricetes" title="Caudoviricetes">Caudoviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Caudovirales20" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Caudovirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Caudovirales">Caudovirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ackermannviridae" title="Ackermannviridae">Ackermannviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Autographiviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Autographiviridae">Autographiviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chaseviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chaseviridae (page does not exist)">Chaseviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demerecviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Demerecviridae (page does not exist)">Demerecviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drexlerviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Drexlerviridae (page does not exist)">Drexlerviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guelinviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guelinviridae (page does not exist)">Guelinviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Herelleviridae" title="Herelleviridae">Herelleviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Myoviridae" title="Myoviridae">Myoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Podoviridae" title="Podoviridae">Podoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rountreeviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rountreeviridae (page does not exist)">Rountreeviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salasmaviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salasmaviridae (page does not exist)">Salasmaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Schitoviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Schitoviridae (page does not exist)">Schitoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Siphoviridae" title="Siphoviridae">Siphoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zobellviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zobellviridae (page does not exist)">Zobellviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Monodnaviria" title="Monodnaviria">Monodnaviria</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Shotokuvirae20" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Shotokuvirae" title="Shotokuvirae">Shotokuvirae</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Cossaviricota21" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Cossaviricota" title="Cossaviricota">Cossaviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Papovaviricetes23" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Papovaviricetes" title="Papovaviricetes">Papovaviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Sepolyvirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Sepolyvirales">Sepolyvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Polyomaviridae" title="Polyomaviridae">Polyomaviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Zurhausenvirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Zurhausenvirales">Zurhausenvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Papillomaviridae" title="Papillomaviridae">Papillomaviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Varidnaviria" title="Varidnaviria">Varidnaviria</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Bamfordvirae" title="Bamfordvirae">Bamfordvirae</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Nucleocytoviricota" title="Nucleocytoviricota">Nucleocytoviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Pokkesviricetes" title="Pokkesviricetes">Pokkesviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Asfuvirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Asfuvirales">Asfuvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Asfarviridae" title="Asfarviridae">Asfarviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Chitovirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Chitovirales">Chitovirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Poxviridae" title="Poxviridae">Poxviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Megaviricetes" title="Megaviricetes">Megaviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Algavirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Algavirales">Algavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Phycodnaviridae" title="Phycodnaviridae">Phycodnaviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Imitervirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Imitervirales">Imitervirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mimiviridae" title="Mimiviridae">Mimiviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Pimascovirales" title="Pimascovirales">Pimascovirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ascoviridae" title="Ascoviridae">Ascoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iridoviridae" title="Iridoviridae">Iridoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marseilleviridae" title="Marseilleviridae">Marseilleviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Preplasmiviricota" title="Preplasmiviricota">Preplasmiviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Maveriviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Maveriviricetes">Maveriviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Priklausovirales24" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Priklausovirales" title="Priklausovirales">Priklausovirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Lavidaviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Lavidaviridae">Lavidaviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Polintoviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Polintoviricetes">Polintoviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Orthopolintovirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthopolintovirales">Orthopolintovirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Adintoviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Adintoviridae">Adintoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Tectiliviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Tectiliviricetes">Tectiliviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Belfryvirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Belfryvirales">Belfryvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Turriviridae" title="Turriviridae">Turriviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Kalamavirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalamavirales">Kalamavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Tectiviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Tectiviridae">Tectiviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Rowavirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Rowavirales">Rowavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Adenoviridae" title="Adenoviridae">Adenoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Vinavirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Vinavirales">Vinavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Corticoviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Corticoviridae">Corticoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Helvetiavirae" class="mw-redirect" title="Helvetiavirae">Helvetiavirae</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Dividoviricota22" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Dividoviricota" class="mw-redirect" title="Dividoviricota">Dividoviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Laserviricetes22" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Laserviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Laserviricetes">Laserviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Halopanivirales23" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Halopanivirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Halopanivirales">Halopanivirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Matshushitaviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Matshushitaviridae">Matshushitaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Simuloviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Simuloviridae">Simuloviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sphaerolipoviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Sphaerolipoviridae">Sphaerolipoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unassigned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Naldaviricetes" title="Naldaviricetes">Naldaviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Lefavirales" title="Lefavirales">Lefavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Baculoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hytrosaviridae" title="Hytrosaviridae">Hytrosaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nudiviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Nudiviridae">Nudiviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unassigned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Nimaviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Nimaviridae">Nimaviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unassigned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Families</b>: <i><a href="/wiki/Ampullaviridae" title="Ampullaviridae">Ampullaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bicaudaviridae" title="Bicaudaviridae">Bicaudaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Clavaviridae" title="Clavaviridae">Clavaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fuselloviridae" title="Fuselloviridae">Fuselloviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Globuloviridae" title="Globuloviridae">Globuloviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Guttaviridae" title="Guttaviridae">Guttaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Halspiviridae" title="Halspiviridae">Halspiviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ovaliviridae" title="Ovaliviridae">Ovaliviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Plasmaviridae" title="Plasmaviridae">Plasmaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Polydnaviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Polydnaviridae">Polydnaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Portogloboviridae" title="Portogloboviridae">Portogloboviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thaspiviridae" title="Thaspiviridae">Thaspiviridae</a></i></li> <li><b>Genera</b>: <i><a href="/wiki/Dinodnavirus" title="Dinodnavirus">Dinodnavirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rhizidiovirus" title="Rhizidiovirus">Rhizidiovirus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="II:_ssDNA_viruses41" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">II: <a href="/wiki/SsDNA_virus" class="mw-redirect" title="SsDNA virus">ssDNA viruses</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Monodnaviria" title="Monodnaviria">Monodnaviria</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Loebvirae" class="mw-redirect" title="Loebvirae">Loebvirae</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Hofneiviricota22" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Hofneiviricota" class="mw-redirect" title="Hofneiviricota">Hofneiviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Faserviricetes22" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Faserviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Faserviricetes">Faserviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Tubulavirales21" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Tubulavirales" title="Tubulavirales">Tubulavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Inoviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Inoviridae">Inoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paulinoviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paulinoviridae (page does not exist)">Paulinoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plectroviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plectroviridae (page does not exist)">Plectroviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Sangervirae" class="mw-redirect" title="Sangervirae">Sangervirae</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Phixviricota20" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Phixviricota" class="mw-redirect" title="Phixviricota">Phixviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Malgrandaviricetes26" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Malgrandaviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Malgrandaviricetes">Malgrandaviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Petitvirales20" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Petitvirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Petitvirales">Petitvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Microviridae" title="Microviridae">Microviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Shotokuvirae" title="Shotokuvirae">Shotokuvirae</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Commensaviricota" class="mw-redirect" title="Commensaviricota">Commensaviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Cardeaviricetes23" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Cardeaviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardeaviricetes">Cardeaviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Sanitavirales21" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Sanitavirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanitavirales">Sanitavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Anelloviridae" title="Anelloviridae">Anelloviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Cossaviricota" title="Cossaviricota">Cossaviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Mouviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Mouviricetes">Mouviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Polivirales19" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Polivirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Polivirales">Polivirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bidnaviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Bidnaviridae">Bidnaviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Quintoviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Quintoviricetes">Quintoviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Piccovirales20" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Piccovirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Piccovirales">Piccovirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Parvoviridae" title="Parvoviridae">Parvoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Cressdnaviricota" title="Cressdnaviricota">Cressdnaviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Arfiviricetes" title="Arfiviricetes">Arfiviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Baphyvirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Baphyvirales">Baphyvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bacilladnaviridae" title="Bacilladnaviridae">Bacilladnaviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Cirlivirales" title="Cirlivirales">Cirlivirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Circoviridae" title="Circoviridae">Circoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Cremevirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Cremevirales">Cremevirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Smacoviridae" title="Smacoviridae">Smacoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Mulpavirales" title="Mulpavirales">Mulpavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metaxyviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metaxyviridae (page does not exist)">Metaxyviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nanoviridae" title="Nanoviridae">Nanoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Recrevirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Recrevirales">Recrevirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Redondoviridae" title="Redondoviridae">Redondoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Repensiviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Repensiviricetes">Repensiviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Geplafuvirales22" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Geplafuvirales" title="Geplafuvirales">Geplafuvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Geminiviridae" title="Geminiviridae">Geminiviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Genomoviridae" title="Genomoviridae">Genomoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Trapavirae" title="Trapavirae">Trapavirae</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Saleviricota20" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Saleviricota" class="mw-redirect" title="Saleviricota">Saleviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Huolimaviricetes24" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Huolimaviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Huolimaviricetes">Huolimaviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Haloruvirales21" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Haloruvirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Haloruvirales">Haloruvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Pleolipoviridae" title="Pleolipoviridae">Pleolipoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Varidnaviria" title="Varidnaviria">Varidnaviria</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Abedenavirae20" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abedenavirae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abedenavirae (page does not exist)">Abedenavirae</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Produgelaviricota25" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Produgelaviricota" title="Produgelaviricota">Produgelaviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Ainoaviricetes22" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Ainoaviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Ainoaviricetes">Ainoaviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Lautamovirales22" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Lautamovirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Lautamovirales">Lautamovirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Finnlakeviridae" title="Finnlakeviridae">Finnlakeviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unassigned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Families</b>: <i><a href="/wiki/Spiraviridae" title="Spiraviridae">Spiraviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/RNA_virus" title="RNA virus">RNA</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="III:_dsRNA_viruses153" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">III: <a href="/wiki/Double-stranded_RNA_viruses" title="Double-stranded RNA viruses">dsRNA viruses</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Riboviria17" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Riboviria" title="Riboviria">Riboviria</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Orthornavirae21" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Orthornavirae" title="Orthornavirae">Orthornavirae</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Duplornaviricota" title="Duplornaviricota">Duplornaviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Chrymotiviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Chrymotiviricetes">Chrymotiviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Ghabrivirales21" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Ghabrivirales" title="Ghabrivirales">Ghabrivirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Chrysoviridae" title="Chrysoviridae">Chrysoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Megabirnaviridae" title="Megabirnaviridae">Megabirnaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quadriviridae" title="Quadriviridae">Quadriviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Totiviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Totiviridae">Totiviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Resentoviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Resentoviricetes">Resentoviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Reovirales18" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Reovirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Reovirales">Reovirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Reoviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Reoviridae">Reoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Vidaverviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Vidaverviricetes">Vidaverviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Mindivirales20" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Mindivirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Mindivirales">Mindivirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cystoviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Cystoviridae">Cystoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Pisuviricota" title="Pisuviricota">Pisuviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Duplopiviricetes24" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Duplopiviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Duplopiviricetes">Duplopiviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Durnavirales20" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Durnavirales" title="Durnavirales">Durnavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Amalgaviridae" title="Amalgaviridae">Amalgaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curvulaviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curvulaviridae (page does not exist)">Curvulaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hypoviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Hypoviridae">Hypoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Picobirnaviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Picobirnaviridae">Picobirnaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Partitiviridae" title="Partitiviridae">Partitiviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unassigned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Families</b>: <i><a href="/wiki/Birnaviridae" title="Birnaviridae">Birnaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polymycoviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polymycoviridae (page does not exist)">Polymycoviridae</a></i></li> <li><b>Genera</b>: <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Botybirnavirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Botybirnavirus (page does not exist)">Botybirnavirus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="IV:_(+)ssRNA_viruses153" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">IV: <a href="/wiki/Positive-sense_ssRNA_virus" class="mw-redirect" title="Positive-sense ssRNA virus">(+)ssRNA viruses</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Riboviria17" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Riboviria" title="Riboviria">Riboviria</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Orthornavirae21" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Orthornavirae" title="Orthornavirae">Orthornavirae</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Kitrinoviricota" title="Kitrinoviricota">Kitrinoviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Alsuviricetes" title="Alsuviricetes">Alsuviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Hepelivirales" title="Hepelivirales">Hepelivirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Alphatetraviridae" title="Alphatetraviridae">Alphatetraviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Benyviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Benyviridae">Benyviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hepeviridae" title="Hepeviridae">Hepeviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Matonaviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Matonaviridae">Matonaviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Martellivirales" title="Martellivirales">Martellivirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bromoviridae" title="Bromoviridae">Bromoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Closteroviridae" title="Closteroviridae">Closteroviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Endornaviridae" title="Endornaviridae">Endornaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kitaviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kitaviridae (page does not exist)">Kitaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mayoviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mayoviridae (page does not exist)">Mayoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Togaviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Togaviridae">Togaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Virgaviridae" title="Virgaviridae">Virgaviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Tymovirales" title="Tymovirales">Tymovirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Alphaflexiviridae" title="Alphaflexiviridae">Alphaflexiviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Betaflexiviridae" title="Betaflexiviridae">Betaflexiviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deltaflexiviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deltaflexiviridae (page does not exist)">Deltaflexiviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gammaflexiviridae" title="Gammaflexiviridae">Gammaflexiviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tymoviridae" title="Tymoviridae">Tymoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Flasuviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Flasuviricetes">Flasuviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Amarillovirales23" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Amarillovirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Amarillovirales">Amarillovirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Flaviviridae" title="Flaviviridae">Flaviviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Magsaviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Magsaviricetes">Magsaviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Nodamuvirales21" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Nodamuvirales" title="Nodamuvirales">Nodamuvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Nodaviridae" title="Nodaviridae">Nodaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinhaliviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sinhaliviridae (page does not exist)">Sinhaliviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Tolucaviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Tolucaviricetes">Tolucaviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Tolivirales19" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Tolivirales" title="Tolivirales">Tolivirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Carmotetraviridae" title="Carmotetraviridae">Carmotetraviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luteoviridae" title="Luteoviridae">Luteoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tombusviridae" title="Tombusviridae">Tombusviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Lenarviricota" title="Lenarviricota">Lenarviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Leviviricetes" title="Leviviricetes">Leviviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Norzivirales" title="Norzivirales">Norzivirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Atkinsviridae" title="Atkinsviridae">Atkinsviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Duinviridae" title="Duinviridae">Duinviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fiersviridae" title="Fiersviridae">Fiersviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Solspiviridae" title="Solspiviridae">Solspiviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Timlovirales" title="Timlovirales">Timlovirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Blumeviridae" title="Blumeviridae">Blumeviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Steitzviridae" title="Steitzviridae">Steitzviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Amabiliviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Amabiliviricetes">Amabiliviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Wolframvirales22" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Wolframvirales" title="Wolframvirales">Wolframvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Narnaviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Narnaviridae">Narnaviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Howeltoviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Howeltoviricetes">Howeltoviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Cryppavirales21" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Cryppavirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Cryppavirales">Cryppavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mitoviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitoviridae">Mitoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Miaviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Miaviricetes">Miaviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Ourlivirales20" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Ourlivirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Ourlivirales">Ourlivirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Botourmiaviridae" title="Botourmiaviridae">Botourmiaviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Pisuviricota" title="Pisuviricota">Pisuviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Pisoniviricetes" title="Pisoniviricetes">Pisoniviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Nidovirales" title="Nidovirales">Nidovirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Abyssoviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Abyssoviridae">Abyssoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arteriviridae" title="Arteriviridae">Arteriviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cremegaviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cremegaviridae (page does not exist)">Cremegaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Coronaviridae" title="Coronaviridae">Coronaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euroniviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Euroniviridae (page does not exist)">Euroniviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gresnaviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gresnaviridae (page does not exist)">Gresnaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medioniviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medioniviridae (page does not exist)">Medioniviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mesoniviridae" title="Mesoniviridae">Mesoniviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mononiviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Mononiviridae">Mononiviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nanghoshaviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nanghoshaviridae (page does not exist)">Nanghoshaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nanhypoviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nanhypoviridae (page does not exist)">Nanhypoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olifoviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Olifoviridae (page does not exist)">Olifoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Roniviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Roniviridae">Roniviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tobaniviridae" title="Tobaniviridae">Tobaniviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Picornavirales" title="Picornavirales">Picornavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Picornaviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Picornaviridae">Picornaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marnaviridae" title="Marnaviridae">Marnaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solinviviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Solinviviridae (page does not exist)">Solinviviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Caliciviridae" title="Caliciviridae">Caliciviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iflaviridae" title="Iflaviridae">Iflaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Secoviridae" title="Secoviridae">Secoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dicistroviridae" title="Dicistroviridae">Dicistroviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polycipiviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polycipiviridae (page does not exist)">Polycipiviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Sobelivirales" title="Sobelivirales">Sobelivirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Alvernaviridae" title="Alvernaviridae">Alvernaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Barnaviridae" title="Barnaviridae">Barnaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Solemoviridae" title="Solemoviridae">Solemoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Stelpaviricetes" title="Stelpaviricetes">Stelpaviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Patatavirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Patatavirales">Patatavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Potyviridae" title="Potyviridae">Potyviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Stellavirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Stellavirales">Stellavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Astroviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Astroviridae">Astroviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unassigned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Families</b>: <i><a href="/wiki/Permutotetraviridae" title="Permutotetraviridae">Permutotetraviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarthroviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarthroviridae">Sarthroviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="V:_(–)ssRNA_viruses153" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">V: <a href="/wiki/Negative-sense_ssRNA_virus" class="mw-redirect" title="Negative-sense ssRNA virus">(–)ssRNA viruses</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Riboviria17" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Riboviria" title="Riboviria">Riboviria</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Orthornavirae21" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Orthornavirae" title="Orthornavirae">Orthornavirae</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Negarnaviricota" class="mw-redirect" title="Negarnaviricota">Negarnaviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Chunqiuviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Chunqiuviricetes">Chunqiuviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Muvirales17" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Muvirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Muvirales">Muvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Qinviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Qinviridae">Qinviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Ellioviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Ellioviricetes">Ellioviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Bunyavirales20" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Bunyavirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Bunyavirales">Bunyavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cruliviridae" title="Cruliviridae">Cruliviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arenaviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Arenaviridae">Arenaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fimoviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Fimoviridae">Fimoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hantaviridae" title="Hantaviridae">Hantaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leishbuviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leishbuviridae (page does not exist)">Leishbuviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mypoviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mypoviridae (page does not exist)">Mypoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nairoviridae" title="Nairoviridae">Nairoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Peribunyaviridae" title="Peribunyaviridae">Peribunyaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phasmaviridae" title="Phasmaviridae">Phasmaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phenuiviridae" title="Phenuiviridae">Phenuiviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tospoviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Tospoviridae">Tospoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wupedeviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wupedeviridae (page does not exist)">Wupedeviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Insthoviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Insthoviricetes">Insthoviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Articulavirales23" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Articulavirales" title="Articulavirales">Articulavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Amnoonviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Amnoonviridae">Amnoonviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orthomyxoviridae" title="Orthomyxoviridae">Orthomyxoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Milneviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Milneviricetes">Milneviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Serpentovirales24" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Serpentovirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Serpentovirales">Serpentovirales </a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Aspiviridae" title="Aspiviridae">Aspiviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Monjiviricetes" title="Monjiviricetes">Monjiviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Jingchuvirales" title="Jingchuvirales">Jingchuvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aliusviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aliusviridae (page does not exist)">Aliusviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chuviridae" title="Chuviridae">Chuviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crepuscuviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crepuscuviridae (page does not exist)">Crepuscuviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myriaviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Myriaviridae (page does not exist)">Myriaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natareviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Natareviridae (page does not exist)">Natareviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Mononegavirales" title="Mononegavirales">Mononegavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Artoviridae" title="Artoviridae">Artoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bornaviridae" title="Bornaviridae">Bornaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Filoviridae" title="Filoviridae">Filoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lispiviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lispiviridae (page does not exist)">Lispiviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mymonaviridae" title="Mymonaviridae">Mymonaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nyamiviridae" title="Nyamiviridae">Nyamiviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Paramyxoviridae" title="Paramyxoviridae">Paramyxoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pneumoviridae" title="Pneumoviridae">Pneumoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rhabdoviridae" title="Rhabdoviridae">Rhabdoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sunviridae" title="Sunviridae">Sunviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xinmoviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xinmoviridae (page does not exist)">Xinmoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Yunchangviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Yunchangviricetes">Yunchangviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Goujianvirales22" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Goujianvirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Goujianvirales">Goujianvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Yueviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Yueviridae">Yueviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Ambiviricota" title="Ambiviricota">Ambiviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Suforviricetes22" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Suforviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Suforviricetes">Suforviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Crytulvirales21" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Crytulvirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Crytulvirales">Crytulvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dumbiviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dumbiviridae (page does not exist)">Dumbiviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quambiviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quambiviridae (page does not exist)">Quambiviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trimbiviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trimbiviridae (page does not exist)">Trimbiviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Unambiviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Unambiviridae (page does not exist)">Unambiviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Reverse_transcribing_virus" title="Reverse transcribing virus">RT</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="VI:_ssRNA-RT_viruses49" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">VI: <a href="/wiki/SsRNA-RT_virus" class="mw-redirect" title="SsRNA-RT virus">ssRNA-RT viruses</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Riboviria17" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Riboviria" title="Riboviria">Riboviria</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Pararnavirae20" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Pararnavirae" class="mw-redirect" title="Pararnavirae">Pararnavirae</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Artverviricota22" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Artverviricota" class="mw-redirect" title="Artverviricota">Artverviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Revtraviricetes23" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Revtraviricetes" title="Revtraviricetes">Revtraviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Ortervirales20" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Ortervirales" title="Ortervirales">Ortervirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Belpaoviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Belpaoviridae">Belpaoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Metaviridae" title="Metaviridae">Metaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pseudoviridae" title="Pseudoviridae">Pseudoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Retroviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Retroviridae">Retroviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="VII:_dsDNA-RT_viruses49" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">VII: <a href="/wiki/DsDNA-RT_virus" class="mw-redirect" title="DsDNA-RT virus">dsDNA-RT viruses</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Riboviria17" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Riboviria" title="Riboviria">Riboviria</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Pararnavirae20" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Pararnavirae" class="mw-redirect" title="Pararnavirae">Pararnavirae</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hepadnaviridae" title="Hepadnaviridae">Hepadnaviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Ortervirales" title="Ortervirales">Ortervirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Caulimoviridae" title="Caulimoviridae">Caulimoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers1545" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers1545" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Baculoviridae</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q763221" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q763221">Q763221</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Baculoviridae" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Baculoviridae">Baculoviridae</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/6235K">6235K</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/5041">5041</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/1BACUF">1BACUF</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/1925">1925</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=106840">106840</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=10442">10442</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Register_of_Marine_Species" title="World Register of Marine Species">WoRMS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=600016">600016</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox789" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85010884">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="bakuloviry"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph585046&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007284495805171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐58c4b96c94‐7mfmt Cached time: 20250321154037 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 1.274 seconds Real time usage: 1.575 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 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