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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alleged_abuses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Alleged abuses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alleged_abuses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Internal_dispute" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Internal_dispute"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Internal dispute</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Internal_dispute-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Involvement_in_politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Involvement_in_politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Involvement in politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Involvement_in_politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_use" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_use"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Political use</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Political_use-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_similar_groups" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_similar_groups"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Other similar groups</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_similar_groups-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Committee for the Promotion of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice (Saudi Arabia)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 17 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-17" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">17 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%A6%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%81_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%87%D9%8A_%D8%B9%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D9%83%D8%B1" title="هيئة الأمر بالمعروف والنهي عن المنكر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هيئة الأمر بالمعروف والنهي عن المنكر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%93_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A7_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF_(%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC)" title="পুণ্যের প্রচার ও পাপাচার প্রতিরোধ কমিটি (সৌদি আরব) – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পুণ্যের প্রচার ও পাপাচার প্রতিরোধ কমিটি (সৌদি আরব)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comit%C3%A9_para_la_Promoci%C3%B3n_de_la_Virtud_y_la_Prevenci%C3%B3n_del_Vicio" title="Comité para la Promoción de la Virtud y la Prevención del Vicio – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Comité para la Promoción de la Virtud y la Prevención del Vicio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%81_%D9%88_%D9%86%D9%87%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D9%85%D9%86%DA%A9%D8%B1_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="کمیته امر به معروف و نهی از منکر عربستان سعودی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کمیته امر به معروف و نهی از منکر عربستان سعودی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comit%C3%A9_pour_la_promotion_de_la_vertu_et_la_pr%C3%A9vention_du_vice_(Arabie_saoudite)" title="Comité pour la promotion de la vertu et la prévention du vice (Arabie saoudite) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Comité pour la promotion de la vertu et la prévention du vice (Arabie saoudite)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komite_Amar_Makruf_Nahi_Mungkar" title="Komite Amar Makruf Nahi Mungkar – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Komite Amar Makruf Nahi Mungkar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mu%E1%B9%ADawwi%CA%BFa" title="Muṭawwiʿa – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Muṭawwiʿa" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutavvi%C3%BAn" title="Mutavviún – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Mutavviún" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%A6%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%81_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%87%D9%89_%D8%B9%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D9%83%D8%B1" title="هيئة الأمر بالمعروف والنهى عن المنكر – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هيئة الأمر بالمعروف والنهى عن المنكر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suruhanjaya_Amar_Makruf_Nahi_Mungkar" title="Suruhanjaya Amar Makruf Nahi Mungkar – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Suruhanjaya Amar Makruf Nahi Mungkar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comit%C3%A9_ter_bevordering_van_deugd_en_voorkoming_van_kwaad" title="Comité ter bevordering van deugd en voorkoming van kwaad – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Comité ter bevordering van deugd en voorkoming van kwaad" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8B%A7%E5%96%84%E6%87%B2%E6%82%AA%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E4%BC%9A" title="勧善懲悪委員会 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="勧善懲悪委員会" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komitet_Krzewienia_Cn%C3%B3t_i_Zapobiegania_Z%C5%82u_(Arabia_Saudyjska)" title="Komitet Krzewienia Cnót i Zapobiegania Złu (Arabia Saudyjska) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Komitet Krzewienia Cnót i Zapobiegania Złu (Arabia Saudyjska)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comiss%C3%A3o_para_a_Promo%C3%A7%C3%A3o_da_Virtude_e_Preven%C3%A7%C3%A3o_do_V%C3%ADcio" title="Comissão para a Promoção da Virtude e Prevenção do Vício – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Comissão para a Promoção da Virtude e Prevenção do Vício" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%BF%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%89%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8E_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B8_%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8E_%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0_(%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Комитет по поощрению добродетели и удержанию от порока (Саудовская Аравия) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Комитет по поощрению добродетели и удержанию от порока (Саудовская Аравия)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BB%A6y_ban_Khuy%E1%BA%BFn_kh%C3%ADch_%C4%90%E1%BA%A1o_%C4%91%E1%BB%A9c_v%C3%A0_Ng%C4%83n_ng%E1%BB%ABa_%C4%90%E1%BB%93i_b%E1%BA%A1i" title="Ủy ban Khuyến khích Đạo đức và Ngăn ngừa Đồi bại – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ủy ban Khuyến khích Đạo đức và Ngăn ngừa Đồi bại" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8B%B8%E5%96%84%E6%87%B2%E6%83%A1%E5%8D%94%E6%9C%83_(%E6%B2%99%E7%83%8F%E5%9C%B0%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF)" title="勸善懲惡協會 (沙烏地阿拉伯) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="勸善懲惡協會 (沙烏地阿拉伯)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1094290#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Committee_for_the_Promotion_of_Virtue_and_the_Prevention_of_Vice_(Saudi_Arabia)" 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div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #EFEFEF;">Committee for the Promotion of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice<br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">الرئاسة العامة لهيئة الأمر بالمعروف والنهي عن المنكر</span></span></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mukfellas.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Seal of the Committee" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/3f/Mukfellas.png/140px-Mukfellas.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/3f/Mukfellas.png/210px-Mukfellas.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/3f/Mukfellas.png/280px-Mukfellas.png 2x" data-file-width="316" data-file-height="316" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Seal of the Committee</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Common name</th><td class="infobox-data">Hai'a (Committee)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Abbreviation</th><td class="infobox-data">CPVPV</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #EFEFEF;">Agency overview</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formed</th><td class="infobox-data">1940<span class="noprint">; 85 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1940</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #EFEFEF;">Jurisdictional structure</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Operations jurisdiction</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">General nature</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_agency#relpol" title="Law enforcement agency">Religious police</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #EFEFEF;">Operational structure</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Agency executive</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;">Sheikh Abdulrahman Al Alsanad<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, President</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #EFEFEF;">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pv.gov.sa/Pages/default.aspx">https://www.pv.gov.sa</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist 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State of the Arab League</a> </p> <hr /></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;padding-bottom:0.5em;"> <a href="/wiki/Basic_Law_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Basic Law of Saudi Arabia">Basic Law</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Saud" title="House of Saud">Monarchy</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/King_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="King of Saudi Arabia">King</a> and <a href="/wiki/Custodian_of_the_Two_Holy_Mosques" title="Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques">Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques</a></div> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Salman_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Salman of Saudi Arabia">Salman</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Prince_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia">Crown Prince</a> <dl><dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_bin_Salman" title="Mohammed bin Salman">Mohammed bin Salman</a></div></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_crown_prince" class="mw-redirect" title="Deputy crown prince">Deputy crown prince</a> <dl><dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Vacant" class="mw-redirect" title="Vacant">Vacant</a></div></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allegiance_Council" title="Allegiance Council">Allegiance Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Succession_to_the_Saudi_Arabian_throne" title="Succession to the Saudi Arabian throne">Succession</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Government</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia">Prime Minister</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_bin_Salman" title="Mohammed bin Salman">Mohammed bin Salman</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Council of Ministers of Saudi Arabia">Council of Ministers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consultative_Assembly_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Consultative Assembly of Saudi Arabia">Consultative Assembly</a> <dl><dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">President: <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_ibn_Muhammad_Al_ash-Sheikh" title="Abdullah ibn Muhammad Al ash-Sheikh">Abdullah ibn Muhammad Al ash-Sheikh</a></div></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Council_(Saudi_Arabia)" title="National Security Council (Saudi Arabia)">National Security Council</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Legal_system_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Legal system of Saudi Arabia">Legal system</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;;text-align:left;"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">The Quran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadith" title="Hadith">The Hadith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Judiciary of Saudi Arabia">Judiciary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Capital punishment in Saudi Arabia">Capital punishment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Freedom of religion in Saudi Arabia">Freedom of religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Human rights in Saudi Arabia">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_rights_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Women's rights in Saudi Arabia">Women's rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Saudi Arabia">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Committee for the Promotion of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice</a></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Recent <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Elections in Saudi Arabia">elections</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Municipal: <a href="/wiki/2005_Saudi_Arabian_municipal_elections" title="2005 Saudi Arabian municipal elections">2005</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2011_Saudi_Arabian_municipal_elections" title="2011 Saudi Arabian municipal elections">2011</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2015_Saudi_Arabian_municipal_elections" title="2015 Saudi Arabian municipal elections">2015</a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Administrative divisions of Saudi Arabia">Administrative divisions</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;;text-align:center;"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Regions of Saudi Arabia">Regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governorates_of_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Governorates of Saudi Arabia">Governorates</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Foreign relations of Saudi Arabia">Foreign relations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Saudi_Arabia)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Saudi Arabia)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a> <dl><dd>Minister of Foreign Affairs: <a href="/wiki/Faisal_bin_Farhan_Al_Saud" title="Faisal bin Farhan Al Saud">Faisal bin Farhan Al Saud</a></dd> <dd>Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs: <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Aziz_bin_Abdullah" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdul Aziz bin Abdullah">Abdul Aziz bin Abdullah</a></dd> <dd>Minister of State for Foreign Affairs: <a href="/wiki/Adel_al-Jubeir" title="Adel al-Jubeir">Adel al-Jubeir</a></dd></dl></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of diplomatic missions of Saudi Arabia">Diplomatic missions of</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of diplomatic missions in Saudi Arabia">in Saudi Arabia</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_nationality_law" title="Saudi Arabian nationality law">Nationality law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_passport" title="Saudi passport">Passport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_requirements_for_Saudi_citizens" title="Visa requirements for Saudi citizens">Visa requirements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Visa policy of Saudi Arabia">Visa policy</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/32px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/48px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/64px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Saudi_Arabia" title="Portal:Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia portal</a> <div class="hlist" style="text-align:center;font-weight:normal;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_political_science#Politics_by_region" title="Outline of political science">Other countries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Template:Politics of Saudi Arabia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Template talk:Politics of Saudi Arabia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of Saudi Arabia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Committee for the Promotion of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice</b> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">هيئة الأمر بالمعروف والنهي عن المنكر</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">hayʾa al-ʾamr bil-maʿrūf wan-nahī ʿan al-munkar</i></span>, abbreviated <b>CPVPV</b>, colloquially termed <i>hai’a</i> (committee), and known as <i><b>mutawa</b></i>, <i><b>mutaween</b></i> and by other similar names and translations in English-language sources) is a government religious authority in <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> that is charged with implementing the Islamic doctrine of <i><a href="/wiki/Hisbah" class="mw-redirect" title="Hisbah">hisbah</a></i> in the country. Established in 1940, the body gained extensive powers in the 1980s and continued to function as a semi-independent civilian law enforcement agency for almost 35 years until 2016, when societal reforms driven by then-deputy crown prince <a href="/wiki/Mohammed_bin_Salman" title="Mohammed bin Salman">Mohammed bin Salman</a> led to limiting some of its authority through a royal decree by <a href="/wiki/Salman_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Salman of Saudi Arabia">King Salman bin Abdulaziz</a>, including the rights of pursuing, questioning, detaining, and interrogating suspects. <sup id="cite_ref-arabnews_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arabnews-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BASHRAHEEL-22-9-2019_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BASHRAHEEL-22-9-2019-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tracing its modern origin to a revival of the pre-modern official function of <i><a href="/wiki/Muhtasib" title="Muhtasib">muhtasib</a></i> (market inspector) by the <a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Diriyah" title="Emirate of Diriyah">first Saudi state</a> (1727–1818), it was established in its best known form in 1976, with the main goal of supervising markets and public morality,<sup id="cite_ref-EI3_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EI3-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was often described as <a href="/wiki/Islamic_religious_police" title="Islamic religious police">Islamic religious police</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-vikor_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vikor-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the early 2010s, the committee was estimated to have 3,500–4,000 officers on the streets, assisted by thousands of volunteers, with an additional 10,000 administrative personnel.<sup id="cite_ref-Lief_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lief-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its head held the rank of cabinet minister and reported directly to the king.<sup id="cite_ref-Lief_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lief-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Committee officers and volunteers patrolled public places, with volunteers focusing on enforcing strict rules of <a href="/wiki/Hijab" title="Hijab">hijab</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sex_segregation" title="Sex segregation">segregation between the sexes</a>, and daily prayer attendance;<sup id="cite_ref-EI3_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EI3-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but also non-Islamic products/activities such as the sale of dogs and cats,<sup id="cite_ref-Cats_and_dogs_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cats_and_dogs-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Barbie" title="Barbie">Barbie</a> dolls,<sup id="cite_ref-barbie_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-barbie-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Pok%C3%A9mon" title="Pokémon">Pokémon</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-north-2009_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-north-2009-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Valentine%27s_Day" title="Valentine's Day">Valentine's Day</a> gifts.<sup id="cite_ref-red_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-red-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Names">Names</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Committee_for_the_Promotion_of_Virtue_and_the_Prevention_of_Vice_(Saudi_Arabia)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Names"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name of the committee has also been translated as <i>Committee for the Propagation of Virtue and the Elimination of Sin</i>, abbreviated CAVES. They are known colloquially as <i>hai’a</i> (literally "committee",<sup id="cite_ref-Hilleary_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hilleary-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> also transliterated as <i>Haia</i><sup id="cite_ref-arabnews3_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arabnews3-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <i>Haya</i><sup id="cite_ref-forced_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-forced-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). </p><p>In academic sources, committee officers or the volunteers have also been called by several Arabic terms derived from the root <i>ṭ-w-ʿ</i>, including <i>mutaṭawwiʿūn</i> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">متطوعون</span>, volunteers),<sup id="cite_ref-EI3_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EI3-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>muṭawwiʿ</i> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">مطوع</span>, one who compels obedience),<sup id="cite_ref-EI2_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EI2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i>muṭāwiʿa</i> (no literal translation given).<sup id="cite_ref-vikor_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vikor-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These words are etymologically related to the Quranically derived terms <i>muṭṭawwiʿa</i> and <i>mutaṭawwiʿa</i> (those who perform <a href="/wiki/Supererogation" title="Supererogation">supererogatory</a> deeds of piety).<sup id="cite_ref-EI2_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EI2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> English-language press has used the names <i>mutawa</i> and <i>mutaween</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History,_structure,_role"><span id="History.2C_structure.2C_role"></span>History, structure, role</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Committee_for_the_Promotion_of_Virtue_and_the_Prevention_of_Vice_(Saudi_Arabia)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History, structure, role"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The committee's rationale is based on the classical Islamic doctrine of <i><a href="/wiki/Hisbah" class="mw-redirect" title="Hisbah">hisba</a></i>, which is associated with the Quranic injunction of <i><a href="/wiki/Enjoining_good_and_forbidding_wrong" title="Enjoining good and forbidding wrong">enjoining good and forbidding wrong</a></i>, and refers to the duty of Muslims to promote moral rectitude and intervene when another Muslim is acting wrongly.<sup id="cite_ref-EI3_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EI3-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In pre-modern Islamic history, its legal implementation was entrusted to a traditional Islamic public official called <i><a href="/wiki/Muhtasib" title="Muhtasib">muhtasib</a></i> (market inspector), who was charged with preventing fraud, disturbance of public order and infractions against public morality. </p><p>This office disappeared in the modern era everywhere in the Muslim world, including Arabia, but it was revived by the first Saudi state (1727–1818) and continued to play a role in the second (1823–87), due to its importance within Wahhabi doctrine. </p> <dl><dt>First state 1727–1818 (<a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Diriyah" title="Emirate of Diriyah">Emirate of Diriyah</a>)</dt></dl> <p>Following the conquest of the Hijaz in 1803 a chronicler records bonfires made from confiscated tobacco pipes and stringed instruments by enforcers of sharia (after a list had been made of the owners).<sup id="cite_ref-Cook-125_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cook-125-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> According to the <a href="/wiki/US_Library_of_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="US Library of Congress">US Library of Congress</a> Country Studies, mutawwiin </p><blockquote><p>"have been integral to the Wahhabi movement since its inception. Mutawwiin have served as missionaries, as enforcers of public morals, and as 'public ministers of the religion' who preach in the Friday mosque. Pursuing their duties in Jiddah in 1806, the mutawwiin were observed to be 'constables for the punctuality of prayers ... with an enormous staff in their hand, [who] were ordered to shout, to scold and to drag people by the shoulders to force them to take part in public prayers, five times a day.'"<sup id="cite_ref-LofC_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LofC-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p><a href="/wiki/Robert_Lacey" title="Robert Lacey">Robert Lacey</a> describes them as "vigilantes". "The righteous of every neighbourhood [that] banded themselves together into societies for the Promotion of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice."<sup id="cite_ref-Lacey-178_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lacey-178-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><dl><dt>Second state 1823–1887 (<a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Nejd" title="Emirate of Nejd">Emirate of Nejd</a>)</dt></dl> <p>According to a study by <a href="/wiki/Michael_Cook_(historian)" title="Michael Cook (historian)">Michael Cook</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> based on "Wahhabi writings and rulers' decrees" the role of commanding good and forbidding wrong developed a prominent place during the <a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Nejd" title="Emirate of Nejd">second Saudi emirate</a>, and the first "documented instance of a formal committee to enforces the duty dates to 1926", when the official Saudi newspaper in Mecca published the news of its establishment.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "One ruler orders his emirs to seek out people who gather together to smoke tobacco ... scholars and emirs should keep a check on the people of their towns with regard to prayer and religious instruction." Performance of hajj "is likewise to be monitored."<sup id="cite_ref-Cook-126_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cook-126-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Third state (1902–)</dt></dl> <p>Under the third Saudi state, the most zealous followers of Ibn Sa'ud were appointed as <i>muhtasibs</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-EI3_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EI3-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A foreign visitor reported that in <a href="/wiki/Riyadh" title="Riyadh">Riyāḍ</a> in 1922-23 flogging was "commonly" administered for "smoking, non-attendance at prayer and other such offenses".<sup id="cite_ref-Cook-126_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cook-126-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This severity caused conflict with the local population and foreign pilgrims when the Hijaz was conquered and Wahhabi strictness arrived.<sup id="cite_ref-EI3_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EI3-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In response, committees were established in Riyadh and Mecca in 1932 to check their excesses. After their establishment in the Hijaz, the committees "rapidly spread" to the rest of the kingdom.<sup id="cite_ref-Cook-127_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cook-127-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Evidence that enforcement could "swing from a soft line to hard one and back again" comes from reports from Jeddah in early 1930, and summer of 1932, during a temporary move away from <a href="/wiki/Wahhabism" title="Wahhabism">Wahhabi</a> puritanism by King <a href="/wiki/Abdulaziz_of_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdulaziz of Saudi Arabia">Ibn Saud</a> early in his reign.<sup id="cite_ref-Cook-127_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cook-127-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%AE_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%AE.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%AE_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%AE.jpg/180px-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%AE_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%AE.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%AE_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%AE.jpg/270px-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%AE_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%AE.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%AE_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%AE.jpg/360px-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%AE_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%AE.jpg 2x" data-file-width="461" data-file-height="451" /></a><figcaption>Abdul Aziz bin Abdullah bin Hassan Al Sheikh, Head of the Committee</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1976 the two formerly mutually independent directories in the <a href="/wiki/Hijaz" class="mw-redirect" title="Hijaz">Hijaz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Najd" title="Najd">Najd</a> were united<sup id="cite_ref-Cook-127_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cook-127-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> under an official of ministerial rank, acting under direct royal command, and, the Al al-Sheikh director of the committee gained a seat on the Saudi cabinet, strengthening its prestige.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its control extended to small towns as well as the cities.<sup id="cite_ref-Cook-127_26-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cook-127-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The unified <i>Committee for the Promotion of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice</i> was then mainly responsible for supervising markets and public order and assisted by volunteers, who enforce attendance of <a href="/wiki/Salah" title="Salah">daily prayers</a> and gender segregation in public places.<sup id="cite_ref-EI3_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EI3-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> Following the November–December 1979 <a href="/wiki/Grand_Mosque_Seizure" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Mosque Seizure">Grand Mosque Seizure</a>, when religion became more conservative in Saudi Arabia, </p><blockquote><p>"people noticed that imams and religious folk seemed to have more money to spend ... with the religious police benefiting most obviously from government injections of cash. They started to appear in imposing new GMC vans, with their once humble local committees of mutawwa ... taking on the grander, 'Big Brother' aura of their original, collective name – Al Hayah, 'the Commission'. They developed attitude to match."<sup id="cite_ref-Lacey-52_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lacey-52-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p></blockquote> <p>They were still, however, "essentially volunteers engaged in their own variety of social work."<sup id="cite_ref-Lacey-178_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lacey-178-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2002, the deaths of 15 young girls in 2002 in Mecca after the mutaween's refused to let them <a href="/wiki/2002_Mecca_girls%27_school_fire" title="2002 Mecca girls' school fire">leave a burning school</a> was widely publicized and damaged the mutaween's image.<sup id="cite_ref-Lacey-inside_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lacey-inside-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Beginning of restrictions on power</dt></dl> <p>In May 2006 it was announced that the committee would no longer be allowed to interrogate those it arrests for behavior deemed un-Islamic. Prior to this, commission members enjoyed almost total power to arrest, detain, and interrogate those suspected of violating the Sharia.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MediaLine_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MediaLine-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 2006 the <a href="/wiki/Interior_Ministry" class="mw-redirect" title="Interior Ministry">Interior Ministry</a> issued a decree stating that "the role of the commission will end after it arrests the culprit or culprits and hands them over to police, who will then decide whether to refer them to the public prosecutor." In June 2007 the Saudi mutaween announced "the creation of a 'department of rules and regulations' to ensure the activities of commission members comply with the law, after coming under heavy pressure for the death of two people in its custody in less than two weeks".<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The governmental <a href="/wiki/National_Society_for_Human_Rights" title="National Society for Human Rights">National Society for Human Rights</a> criticised the behaviour of the religious police in May 2007 in its first report since its establishment in March 2004. </p><p>In August of that year <i>Time</i> magazine ran a report about the mutaween. It noted that "a campaign using text messages sent to mobile phones is calling on a million Saudis to declare that '2007 is the year of liberation.'" Despite statements of reform, the mutaween turned down <i>Time'</i>s request for interviews.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2009, the committee created and formalized a special "Anti-Witchcraft Unit" to "educate the public about the evils of sorcery, investigate alleged witches, neutralize their cursed paraphernalia, and disarm their spells". The unit also had a hotline on the committee website for Saudis to report any magic to local officials.<sup id="cite_ref-MILLER_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MILLER-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the beginning of October 2012, during the <a href="/wiki/Arab_Spring" title="Arab Spring">Arab Spring</a>, Abdul Latif Abdul Aziz Al-Sheikh announced that the powers of the mutawiyin would be significantly restricted. According to Irfan Al-Alawi, </p> <blockquote><p>They will be barred from making arrests, conducting interrogations, or carrying out searches without a warrant from the local governor. They will no longer stand at the entrances of shopping malls to keep women out who do not adhere to the Wahhabi dress code or who are not accompanied by "approved" men—husbands, siblings, or parents.<sup id="cite_ref-ALAWI_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ALAWI-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>"Community volunteers", who were the original mutaween, were forbidden from joining <i>Hai’a</i> men on their rounds and pursuing, chastising, and interrogating miscreants, as "a religious duty".<sup id="cite_ref-Lief_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lief-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Field officers were also ordered to "approach people with a smile," and forbidden from using their "private e-mails, cellphones, or social media accounts to receive and act on anonymous tips."<sup id="cite_ref-Lief_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lief-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2012, Abdul Latif Abdul Aziz al-Sheikh was appointed head of the mutaween.<sup id="cite_ref-ALAWI_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ALAWI-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He "holds the rank of cabinet minister and reports directly to the king". His agency employs more than 4,000 "field officers" and reportedly has another 10,000 administrative personnel. Its 2013 budget was the equivalent of US$390 million.<sup id="cite_ref-Lief_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lief-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Loss of power under MbS</dt></dl> <p>However, in 2016, <a href="/wiki/Mohammed_bin_Salman" title="Mohammed bin Salman">Mohammed bin Salman</a> sharply curtailed the powers of the CPVPV (the committee).<sup id="cite_ref-BASHRAHEEL-22-9-2019_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BASHRAHEEL-22-9-2019-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a September 2019 article, <i><a href="/wiki/Arab_News" title="Arab News">Arab News</a></i> (which has been described "reflecting official position" in Saudi Arabia),<sup id="cite_ref-AP-haaretz-16-5-2019_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AP-haaretz-16-5-2019-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> portrayed the time period from about 1979 to 2016 as an era when CPVPV "strayed" from its "original intent" of advising and guiding Saudi Muslims. Starting around 1979, the <i>Sahwa</i> or Islamic Awakening era commenced, "extremism ideology" flourished, and the powers of the CPVPV went "unchecked". Then, in 2016 (<i>Arab News</i> states), Mohammed bin Salman took an "unprecedented, risky yet necessary move" bringing the CPVPV to heel and returning it to its correct role as "society's spiritual guide".<sup id="cite_ref-BASHRAHEEL-22-9-2019_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BASHRAHEEL-22-9-2019-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The newspaper describes CPVPV before and after the curtailing of its power: </p> <blockquote><p>They destroyed musical instruments, raided beauty salons, shaved heads, whipped people, burnt books, and continued being unchecked — until an unexpected decision came out on April 11, 2016. The Saudi Cabinet issued a royal decree that stripped the religious police of its privileges, banning its members from pursuing, questioning, asking for identification, arresting and detaining anyone suspected of a crime. They are now obliged to report back to the police and security forces if need be.<sup id="cite_ref-BASHRAHEEL-22-9-2019_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BASHRAHEEL-22-9-2019-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Ahmad bin Qasim Al-Ghamdi (head of the Hai'a in Mecca) describes the post-2016 policy as one where the </p> <blockquote><p>“... CPVPV has managed to defuse the strife in the relationship between its past self and society. It has prevented the distortion and weak confidence that the people had in the procedures that were followed in the past, [which] damaged the reputation of the promotion of virtue and prevention of vice as a ritual, and the reputation of the Kingdom as a state that applies the provisions of Islam.”<sup id="cite_ref-BASHRAHEEL-22-9-2019_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BASHRAHEEL-22-9-2019-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Enforcement">Enforcement</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Committee_for_the_Promotion_of_Virtue_and_the_Prevention_of_Vice_(Saudi_Arabia)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Enforcement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Committee for the Promotion of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice enforces traditional Islamic morality by arresting or helping to secure the arrest of people who engage in conduct that violates Islamic principles and values. They are tasked with enforcing conservative Islamic norms of behavior defined by Saudi authorities. They monitor observance of the dress code and ensure that shops are closed during prayer times. In some instances, they broke into private homes on suspicion of untoward behavior, though this attracted criticism from the public and the government.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Upon being appointed head of the CPVPV, Abdul Latif Abdul Aziz al-Sheikh identified "five areas the religious police should focus on": preserving Islam, preventing blackmail, combating sorcery, fighting human trafficking, and ensuring that no one disobeys the country's rulers.<sup id="cite_ref-Lief_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lief-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Saudi mutaween are often accompanied by the regular police, but also patrol without police escort. They launched a website on which un-Islamic behavior can be reported.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While on patrol, the duties of the Mutaween include, but are not restricted to: </p> <ul><li>ensuring that drugs including alcohol are not being traded.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC-5215_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-5215-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>checking that women wear the <a href="/wiki/Abaya" title="Abaya">abaya</a>, a traditional cloak.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>making sure that men and women who are spotted together in public are related.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC-5215_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-5215-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>formerly, enforcing the ban on camera phones. This ban was enacted out of a fear that men would use them to secretly photograph women and publish them on the Internet without the consent of the subjects. The ban was enacted in April 2004 but was overturned in December that same year.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>preventing the population from engaging in "frivolous"<sup id="cite_ref-Al-Bishr_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Al-Bishr-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Western customs such as <a href="/wiki/Valentine%27s_Day" title="Valentine's Day">Valentine's Day</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-red_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-red-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>The punishment for such offenses is severe, often involving beatings and humiliation, and foreigners are not excluded from arrest.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The mutaween encourage people to inform on others they know who are suspected of acting unvirtuously, and to punish such activities. </p><p>In 2010, a 27-year-old Saudi man was sentenced to five years in prison, 500 lashes of the whip, and a <a href="/wiki/Saudi_riyal" title="Saudi riyal">SR</a>50,000 fine after appearing in an amateur gay video online allegedly taken inside a <a href="/wiki/Jeddah" title="Jeddah">Jeddah</a> prison. According to an unnamed government source, "The District Court sentenced the accused in a homosexuality case that was referred to it by the Commission for the Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice (the <i>Hai’a</i>) in Jeddah before he was tried for impersonating a security man and behaving shamefully and with conduct violating the Islamic teachings." The case started when the <i>Hai’a'</i>s staff arrested the man under charges of practicing homosexuality. He was referred to the Bureau for Investigation and Prosecution, which referred him to the District Court.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Among the Western practices suppressed by the mutaween is the celebration of Valentine's Day. Condemning the festivities as a "pagan feast", Mutaween inspect hotels, restaurants, coffeehouses, and gift shops on 14 February to prevent Muslim couples from giving each other Valentines or other presents. The sale of red roses, red stuffed animals, red greeting cards and other red gift items is banned, according to store owners. These items are confiscated, and those selling them subject to prosecution.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Arab_News_200_Arrested_2004_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arab_News_200_Arrested_2004-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The children's game <i><a href="/wiki/Pok%C3%A9mon" title="Pokémon">Pokémon</a></i> was banned in 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-north-2009_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-north-2009-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The sale of the <a href="/wiki/Fashion_doll" title="Fashion doll">fashion doll</a> <a href="/wiki/Barbie" title="Barbie">Barbie</a> was banned as a consumer product for posing a moral threat to <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-barbie_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-barbie-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> stating: "Jewish Barbie dolls, with their revealing clothes and shameful postures, <a href="/wiki/Fashion_accessory" title="Fashion accessory">accessories</a> and tools are a symbol of decadence to the <a href="/wiki/Perverted" class="mw-redirect" title="Perverted">perverted</a> West. Let us beware of her dangers and be careful."<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Fulla_(doll)" title="Fulla (doll)">Fulla dolls</a> were designed and approved as more acceptable. </p><p>In 2006 the police issued a decree banning the sale of dogs and cats, also seen as a sign of Western influence. The decree which applies to the <a href="/wiki/Red_Sea" title="Red Sea">Red Sea</a> port city of Jeddah and the holy city of Mecca bans the sale of cats and dogs because "some youths have been buying them and parading them in public," according to a memo from the municipal affairs ministry to Jeddah's city government.<sup id="cite_ref-Cats_and_dogs_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cats_and_dogs-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2013 two Saudi men were arrested for giving "free hugs to passersby".<sup id="cite_ref-hugs_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hugs-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 2010 it was reported by Arab News that the <i>Hai'a</i> had launched a massive campaign against "<a href="/wiki/Witchcraft#Islamic" title="Witchcraft">sorcery</a>" or "black magic" in the kingdom.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The prohibition includes "fortune tellers or faith healers".<sup id="cite_ref-bbc-sorcery_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-sorcery-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Some people <a href="/wiki/Public_executions_in_Saudi_Arabia#Witchcraft" class="mw-redirect" title="Public executions in Saudi Arabia">executed for sorcery</a> following the announcement include a man from Najran province in June 2012, a Saudi woman in the province of Jawf, in December 2011, and a Sudanese man executed in September 2011. A Lebanese television presenter of a popular fortune-telling programme was arrested while on pilgrimage to Saudi Arabia and sentenced to death, though after pressure from the Lebanese government and human rights groups, he was freed by the Saudi Supreme Court.)<sup id="cite_ref-bbc-sorcery_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-sorcery-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 2012, the head of the mutaween, Abdul Latif Abdul Aziz al-Sheikh, stated that anyone using social media sites, such as Twitter, "has lost this world and his afterlife".<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to authors Harvey Tripp and Peter North, mutaween became involved in the city planning of the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Province,_Saudi_Arabia" title="Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia">Eastern Province</a> industrial city of <a href="/wiki/Jubail" title="Jubail">Jubail</a> sometime in the 1980s and 1990s. Halfway through the construction of that city the mutaween visited the engineering drawing office several times, first to insist that all planning maps included the direction of <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a>. On their second visit they ordered that city sewage lines (already built) not flow in the direction of Mecca. After being convinced that the curvature of the earth prevented this, the mutaween returned to insist that the drainage pipes of toilets inside the city's buildings also not violate this principle. The mutaween's demands came despite the fact that no Saudi building code mentioned their requirement and no other Saudi cities met it. While a good deal of the planners' and engineers' time was spent responding to the mutaween's concerns, the mutaween never returned to approve the contractor's solution and no pipes ended up having to be unearthed and redirected, leaving Tripp and North to conclude that Mutaween's "point" was not to protect Mecca but to demonstrate the supremacy of religion in Saudi Arabia to foreign builders.<sup id="cite_ref-HTPN-2003_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HTPN-2003-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Exemptions">Exemptions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Committee_for_the_Promotion_of_Virtue_and_the_Prevention_of_Vice_(Saudi_Arabia)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Exemptions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of 2012, the offices of <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Aramco" title="Saudi Aramco">Saudi Aramco</a>, <a href="/wiki/King_Abdullah_University_of_Science_and_Technology" title="King Abdullah University of Science and Technology">King Abdullah University of Science and Technology</a>, and foreign embassies are off limits to mutaween.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Not off limits are personnel of Saudi government agencies. <i>Hai’a</i> have been known to detain government officials, (A male government employee minder of American journalist <a href="/wiki/Karen_Elliott_House" title="Karen Elliott House">Karen Elliott House</a> was detained for mixing of the sexes, causing her to wonder that "a government employee following the instructions of his ministry runs afoul of that same government's religious police."<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2016_restriction_of_powers">2016 restriction of powers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Committee_for_the_Promotion_of_Virtue_and_the_Prevention_of_Vice_(Saudi_Arabia)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 2016 restriction of powers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 11 April 2016, the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Council of Ministers of Saudi Arabia">Saudi Council of Ministers</a> issued a new regulation that limits the jurisdiction of the Committee for the Promotion of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice. They were ordered to work only during office hours, be "gentle and humane", to report violations of Islamic law to the civil police, and forbidden from pursuing, arresting or detaining members of the public.<sup id="cite_ref-Chan-NYT-15-4-2016_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chan-NYT-15-4-2016-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The new regulation<sup id="cite_ref-alarabiya2016_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-alarabiya2016-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> has 12 clauses; most notable of them are: </p> <blockquote><p>"The Committee for the Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice is expected to uphold its duties with <i>kindness and gentleness</i> as decreed by the examples of Prophet Mohammed." </p><p>"The Committee has the responsibility of reporting, while on patrol, to official authorities (depending on the suspected activity) any suspected crimes witnessed. Subsequent actions from pursuit of suspect, capture, interrogation and detainment will be left to the relevant official authorities." </p><p> "Neither the heads nor members of The Committee are to stop or arrest or chase people or ask for their IDs or follow them – that is considered the jurisdiction of the police or the drug unit."<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversy">Controversy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Committee_for_the_Promotion_of_Virtue_and_the_Prevention_of_Vice_(Saudi_Arabia)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Controversy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alleged_abuses">Alleged abuses</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Committee_for_the_Promotion_of_Virtue_and_the_Prevention_of_Vice_(Saudi_Arabia)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Alleged abuses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/2002_Mecca_girls%27_school_fire" title="2002 Mecca girls' school fire">2002 Mecca girls' school fire</a></div> <p>One of the most widely criticized examples of mutaween enforcement of Sharia law came in March 2002, when 15 young girls died of burns or smoke asphyxiation by an <a href="/wiki/2002_Mecca_girls%27_school_fire" title="2002 Mecca girls' school fire">accidental fire</a> that engulfed their public school in Mecca. According to two newspapers, the religious police forcibly prevented girls from escaping the burning school by locking the doors of the school from the outside, and barring firemen from entering the school to save the girls, beating some of the girls and civil defense personnel in the process. Mutaween would not allow the girls to escape or to be saved because they were 'not properly covered', and the mutaween did not want physical contact to take place between the girls and the civil defense forces for fear of sexual enticement.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The CPVPV denied the charges of beating or locking the gates, but the incident and the accounts of witnesses were reported in Saudi newspapers such as the <i><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Gazette" title="Saudi Gazette">Saudi Gazette</a></i> and <i>Al-Iqtisaddiyya</i>. The result was a very rare public criticism of the group.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 2003, <i><a href="/wiki/Al-Watan_(Saudi_Arabia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Watan (Saudi Arabia)">Al-Watan</a></i>, a Saudi reform newspaper published several reports of people being mistreated by the police force, including the story of one woman from a remote southern town who had been beaten and held in solitary confinement for riding alone in the back of a taxi.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2011)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In May 2007, a man alleged to have alcohol in his home (Salman Al-Huraisi) was reported by <i>Arab News</i> to have been arrested and beaten to death in his own home by CPVPV members in the Al Oraija district of <a href="/wiki/Riyadh" title="Riyadh">Riyadh</a>. "The father of the deceased said that commission members continued to beat his handcuffed son, even though he was already covered in blood, until he died" at the Oraija CPVPV center in Riyadh.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another man who died while in custody of the CPVPV was Ahmed Al-Bulawi. He was a driver for a woman with whom he was accused of being in a state of seclusion (when a man and an unrelated woman are together) and died after being taken to a CPVPV center in Tabuk in June 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-Qusti_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Qusti-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Irfan Al-Alawi, "in both cases, the families of the victims took the mutawiyin to court, and in both instances (as in others) charges against the mutawiyin were postponed indefinitely or dropped."<sup id="cite_ref-ALAWI_35-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ALAWI-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A case of "sorcery" that led to a sentence of death which was overturned was that of <a href="/wiki/Ali_Hussain_Sibat" title="Ali Hussain Sibat">Ali Hussain Sibat</a>, the Lebanese host of the popular TV psychic call-in show aired on satellite TV across the Middle East. Sibat was arrested in <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a> by the CPVPV in May 2008, while visiting Saudi Arabia to perform the Umrah pilgrimage.<sup id="cite_ref-Times_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Times-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sibat was charged with "sorcery" for making predictions and giving advice to the audience on his show. On 9 November 2009, after court hearings not open to the public or a defense lawyer Sibat was sentenced to death.<sup id="cite_ref-amnesty_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-amnesty-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The case was upheld on appeal but after an international outcry was overturned by the Supreme Court on 11 November 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-yalibnan_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yalibnan-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The case was controversial in part because neither the defendant or "victims" were Saudis, and the "crime" was not committed in Saudi Arabia.<sup id="cite_ref-Lutz_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lutz-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mutaween suppression of religious activity by non-Muslims in Saudi Arabia is also controversial. <i>Asia News</i> alleges that "at least one million" Roman Catholics in the kingdom are being "denied pastoral care ... none of them can participate in mass while they are in Saudi Arabia ... Catechism for their children – nearly 100,000 – is banned." It reports the arrest of a Catholic priest for saying mass. On 5 April 2006 a Catholic priest, "Fr. George [Joshua] had just celebrated mass in a private house when seven religious policemen (muttawa) broke into the house together with two ordinary policemen. The police arrested the priest and another person."<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2008, a young Saudi woman who had converted to Christianity was reportedly burnt to death after having her tongue cut out by her father, a member of the committee, though it was not an officially sanctioned act of punishment.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2013, the CPVPV marched into an educational exhibit of dinosaurs at a shopping center, "turned off the lights and ordered everyone out, frightening children and alarming their parents". It was not clear why the exhibit—which had been "featured at shopping centres across the Gulf for decades"—was closed, and Saudis speculated irreverently as to the reason on Twitter.<sup id="cite_ref-forced_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-forced-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2013 the entrance of a Saudi religious police building "was intentionally set on fire by assailants", according to the <i>Hai'a</i>. No one was hurt and no further information was provided by the police.<sup id="cite_ref-torch_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-torch-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In early 2014, the head of <i>Hai'a</i>, Sheikh Abdul Latif al-Sheikh was quoted in the <i>Okaz</i> daily newspaper as saying that "there are advocates of sedition within the Commission" for the Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice, and promised to remove them.<sup id="cite_ref-extremists_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-extremists-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AFP_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AFP-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Internal_dispute">Internal dispute</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Committee_for_the_Promotion_of_Virtue_and_the_Prevention_of_Vice_(Saudi_Arabia)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Internal dispute"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2009, the head of the <i>Hai'a</i> in Mecca, Sheikh Ahmad Qasim al Ghamdi, stated that there was nothing wrong with men and women mixing in public places, and instructed his mutawa'a to not interfere with mixing.<sup id="cite_ref-mixing-Arabiya_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mixing-Arabiya-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However religious conservatives pressured the national head of the <i>Hai'a</i> to fire him. Hours after the firing of the Sheikh Al Ghamdi, the <i>Hai'a</i> issued an embarrassing retraction: "The information sent out today concerning administrative changes at some <i>Hai'a</i> offices, particularly those concerning Mecca and Hail, was inaccurate and the administration has requested editors not to publish it." However the firing and the retraction of the firing became "major news". "Outraged conservatives went to Sheiksh Al Ghamdi's home, demanding to 'mix' with his females ... still other outraged opponents scrawled graffiti on his home," according to journalist <a href="/wiki/Karen_Elliott_House" title="Karen Elliott House">Karen Elliott House</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Involvement_in_politics">Involvement in politics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Committee_for_the_Promotion_of_Virtue_and_the_Prevention_of_Vice_(Saudi_Arabia)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Involvement in politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Other accusations leveled at the CPVPV include that some of its members have been involved in political subversion, and/or are ex-convicts/prisoners who became <a href="/wiki/Hafiz_(Quran)" title="Hafiz (Quran)">Hafiz</a> (i.e. memorized the <a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a>) to reduce their prison sentences. Author <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Wright" title="Lawrence Wright">Lawrence Wright</a> has written of a conflict between the Mutaween and at least one allied imam and <a href="/wiki/Turki_bin_Faisal_Al_Saud" class="mw-redirect" title="Turki bin Faisal Al Saud">Turki bin Faisal Al Saud</a>, the head of the Presidency of General Intelligence (<a href="/wiki/Al_Mukhabarat_Al_A%27amah" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Mukhabarat Al A'amah">Al Mukhabarat Al A'amah</a>) between 1977 and 2001. After an imam denounced a female charitable organizations run by some of Turki's sisters and accused them of being whores during a Friday sermon, Turki demanded and received an apology. He then "secretly began monitoring members of the muttawa. He learned that many of them were ex-convicts whose only job qualification was that they had memorized the Quran to reduce their sentences." But Turki believed they had become "so powerful" they "threatened to overthrow the government."<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Another description of the social background of CPVPV members—by Ali Shihabi, "a Saudi financier and pro-Muhammed bin Salman commentator"—is that their ranks are drawn from "the losers in school" who having been ignored by "cute girls" and not invited to parties "no one wanted them at" during their time as students, then sought jobs where they could take revenge on the socially successful by harassing attractive women and breaking into parties and shutting them down.)<sup id="cite_ref-Wood-power-Atlantic-3-2022_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wood-power-Atlantic-3-2022-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another instance when the CPVPV has opposed the Saudi government came in 2005 when the Minister of Labor announced a policy of staffing lingerie shops with women.<sup id="cite_ref-Zoepf_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zoepf-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The policy was intended to give employment to some of the millions of adult Saudi women at home (14.6% of Saudi women work in the public and private sectors in the kingdom<sup id="cite_ref-arabnews2_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arabnews2-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), and to prevent mixing of the sexes in public (<i><a href="/wiki/Gender_segregation_and_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Gender segregation and Islam">ikhtilat</a></i>), between male clerks and women customers. Conservative Saudis opposed the policy maintaining that for a woman to work outside the house was against her <a href="/wiki/Fitrah" class="mw-redirect" title="Fitrah">fitrah</a> (natural state).<sup id="cite_ref-memri_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-memri-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The few shops that employed women were "quickly closed" by the <i>Hai'i</i> who supported the conservative position.<sup id="cite_ref-Zoepf_75-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zoepf-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-memri_77-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-memri-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, in 2011, during the <a href="/wiki/Arab_Spring" title="Arab Spring">Arab Spring</a>, King Abdullah issued another decree giving lingerie shops—and then shops and shop departments specializing in other products for women, such as cosmetics, <i>abayas</i> and wedding dresses—one year to replace men workers with women.<sup id="cite_ref-Zoepf_75-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zoepf-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Further clashes followed between conservatives and <i>Hai'a</i> men on the one hand, and the ministry, women customers and employees at female-staffed stores on the other. In 2013, the Ministry and the <i>Hai'a</i> leadership met to negotiate new terms. In November 2013, 200 religious police signed a letter stating that female employment was causing such a drastic increase in instances of <i>ikhtilat</i>, that "their job was becoming impossible."<sup id="cite_ref-Zoepf_75-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zoepf-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Political_use">Political use</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Committee_for_the_Promotion_of_Virtue_and_the_Prevention_of_Vice_(Saudi_Arabia)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Political use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to one journalist with many years of experience in Saudi Arabia, Karen Elliott House, the <i>Hai’a</i> are sometimes used to balance the policies of the government; specifically a loose rein on the <i>Hai'a</i> acts to calm the displeasure of the strong religious conservative forces in Saudi society. When the king dismissed a member of the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Senior_Scholars_(Saudi_Arabia)" title="Council of Senior Scholars (Saudi Arabia)">Council of Senior Religious Scholars</a> in 2009 for condemning gender mixing at <a href="/wiki/King_Abdullah_University_of_Science_and_Technology" title="King Abdullah University of Science and Technology">King Abdullah University of Science and Technology</a>, he compensated for it by doing "nothing to curb the country's religious police from roaming the kingdom's streets and harassing ordinary Saudis mixing with anyone of the opposite genders".<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_similar_groups">Other similar groups</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Committee_for_the_Promotion_of_Virtue_and_the_Prevention_of_Vice_(Saudi_Arabia)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Other similar groups"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Outside Saudi Arabia, in <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Guidance_Patrol" title="Guidance Patrol">Guidance Patrol</a> functions as the country's main public religious police, imposing Islamic dress codes and norms in most public places. The <a href="/wiki/Taliban" title="Taliban">Taliban</a> regime, or <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Emirate_of_Afghanistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan">Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan</a>, also has a "<a href="/wiki/Ministry_for_the_Propagation_of_Virtue_and_the_Prevention_of_Vice_(Afghanistan)" title="Ministry for the Propagation of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice (Afghanistan)">Ministry for the Propagation of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice</a>" with very similar religious policing functions. The Taliban are thought to have borrowed the Saudi policing policy not only because they also had a strict <a href="/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia">Sharia</a> law policy, but because of alleged financial and diplomatic support from Saudi Arabia.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to a Pakistani journalist who spent much time among the Taliban, the Taliban who had been to Saudi Arabia before taking power in Afghanistan "were terribly impressed by the religious police and tried to copy that system to the letter".<sup id="cite_ref-lacey-_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lacey--80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The second Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan re-established the ministry in 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There is a type of police in Indonesia called the religious police; they enforce Islamic laws in the Islamic majority <a href="/wiki/Aceh" title="Aceh">Aceh</a> province. They are known for being very strict.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Committee_for_the_Promotion_of_Virtue_and_the_Prevention_of_Vice_(Saudi_Arabia)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/32px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/48px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/64px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Saudi_Arabia" title="Portal:Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/27px-Allah-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/40px-Allah-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/54px-Allah-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="206" data-file-height="215" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Islam" title="Portal:Islam">Islam portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_for_the_Propagation_of_Virtue_and_the_Prevention_of_Vice_(Afghanistan)" title="Ministry for the Propagation of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice (Afghanistan)">Ministry for the Propagation of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice (Afghanistan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_for_the_Propagation_of_Virtue_and_the_Prevention_of_Vice_(Gaza_Strip)" title="Committee for the Propagation of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice (Gaza Strip)">Committee for the Propagation of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice (Gaza Strip)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guidance_Patrol" title="Guidance Patrol">Guidance Patrol</a>, Iran's morality police</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honour_killing" class="mw-redirect" title="Honour killing">Honour killing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Society_for_the_Suppression_of_Vice" title="New York Society for the Suppression of Vice">New York Society for the Suppression of Vice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secret_police" title="Secret police">Secret police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia">Sharia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wahhabi_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Wahhabi movement">Wahhabi movement</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Committee_for_the_Promotion_of_Virtue_and_the_Prevention_of_Vice_(Saudi_Arabia)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.pv.gov.sa/news/Pages/Bayan-316-10-04-36-2047.aspx">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171109080823/https://www.pv.gov.sa/news/Pages/Bayan-316-10-04-36-2047.aspx">Archived</a> 9 November 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>CV of the new Agency Sheikh Abdulrahman Al Alsanad</i>. 31 January 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-arabnews-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-arabnews_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arabnews.com/news/910016">"Haia can't chase, arrest suspects"</a>. <i>arabnews.com</i>. 14 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=arabnews.com&rft.atitle=Haia+can%27t+chase%2C+arrest+suspects&rft.date=2016-04-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arabnews.com%2Fnews%2F910016&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCommins,_David_Dean2015" class="citation book cs1">Commins, David Dean (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GQPhBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA66"><i>Islam in Saudi Arabia</i></a>. I.B. Tauris. p. 66. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781848858015" title="Special:BookSources/9781848858015"><bdi>9781848858015</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam+in+Saudi+Arabia&rft.pages=66&rft.pub=I.B.+Tauris&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9781848858015&rft.au=Commins%2C+David+Dean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGQPhBwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA66&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BASHRAHEEL-22-9-2019-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BASHRAHEEL-22-9-2019_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BASHRAHEEL-22-9-2019_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BASHRAHEEL-22-9-2019_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BASHRAHEEL-22-9-2019_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BASHRAHEEL-22-9-2019_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBASHRAHEEL2019" class="citation news cs1">BASHRAHEEL, ASEEL (22 September 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.arabnews.com/node/1558176/saudi-arabia">"Rise and fall of the Saudi religious police"</a>. Arab News<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Rise+and+fall+of+the+Saudi+religious+police&rft.date=2019-09-22&rft.aulast=BASHRAHEEL&rft.aufirst=ASEEL&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.arabnews.com%2Fnode%2F1558176%2Fsaudi-arabia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EI3-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EI3_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EI3_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EI3_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EI3_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EI3_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EI3_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EI3_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThielmann2017" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Thielmann, Jörn (2017). 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(2005). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/betweengodsultan0000vikr"><i>Between God and the Sultan: A History of Islamic Law</i></a></span>. Oxford University Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/betweengodsultan0000vikr/page/268">268</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Between+God+and+the+Sultan%3A+A+History+of+Islamic+Law&rft.pages=268&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Vik%C3%B8r&rft.aufirst=Knut+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbetweengodsultan0000vikr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lief-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lief_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lief_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lief_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lief_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lief_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lief_7-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLouise_Lief2013" class="citation news cs1">Louise Lief (23 May 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/2013/0523/With-youth-pounding-at-kingdom-s-gates-Saudi-Arabia-begins-religious-police-reform">"With youth pounding at kingdom's gates, Saudi Arabia begins religious police reform"</a>. <i>CS Monitor</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Quid Pro Books. p. 45. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781610271295" title="Special:BookSources/9781610271295"><bdi>9781610271295</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Domestic+Workers+in+Saudi+Arabia+and+the+Emirates%3A+A+Socio-legal+Study+on+Conflicts&rft.pages=45&rft.pub=Quid+Pro+Books&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9781610271295&rft.au=Antoinette+Vlieger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFNzeP2cTIywC%26pg%3DPT45&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cats_and_dogs-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cats_and_dogs_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cats_and_dogs_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna14738358">"Cats and dogs banned by Saudi religious police"</a>, NBC News, 18 December 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-barbie-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-barbie_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-barbie_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.foxnews.com/story/saudi-religious-police-say-barbie-is-a-moral-threat">Saudi Religious Police Say Barbie Is a Moral Threat</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-north-2009-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-north-2009_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-north-2009_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="HT2009" class="citation book cs1">Tripp, Harvey; North, Peter (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/CultureShockSaudiArabia/Culture%20Shock!%20Saudi%20Arabia_djvu.txt"><i>CultureShock! 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Marshall Cavendish. p. 180.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=CultureShock%21+A+Survival+Guide+to+Customs+and+Etiquette.+Saudi+Arabia&rft.pages=180&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Marshall+Cavendish&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Tripp&rft.aufirst=Harvey&rft.au=North%2C+Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2FCultureShockSaudiArabia%2FCulture%2520Shock%21%2520Saudi%2520Arabia_djvu.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-red-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-red_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-red_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140125003928/http://www.smh.com.au/world/saudi-religious-police-see-red-over-valentines-day-20100212-nvik.html">"Saudi religious police see red over Valentine's Day"</a>. <i>Syney Morning Herald</i>. 12 February 2010. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 November</span> 2013</span>. <q>Each year, the religious police mobilise ahead of 14 February and descend on gift and flower shops, confiscating all red items, including flowers.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Syney+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=Saudi+religious+police+see+red+over+Valentine%27s+Day&rft.date=2010-02-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smh.com.au%2Fworld%2Fsaudi-religious-police-see-red-over-valentines-day-20100212-nvik.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hilleary-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hilleary_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHilleary2013" class="citation web cs1">Hilleary, Cecily (27 March 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131203040018/http://www.voanews.com/content/saudi-religious-police-polishing-their-image/1629922.html">"Saudi Religious Police Work to Improve Image"</a>. <i>VOA</i>. 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New York and London: Harcourt Brace Javonoich. p. 178.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Kingdom&rft.place=New+York+and+London&rft.pages=178&rft.pub=Harcourt+Brace+Javonoich&rft.date=1981&rft.aulast=Lacey&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCook2001" class="citation book cs1">Cook, Michael (2001). <i>Commanding Right and Forbidding Wrong in Islamic Thought</i>. Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Commanding+Right+and+Forbidding+Wrong+in+Islamic+Thought&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCommins2009" class="citation book cs1">Commins, David (2009). <i>The Wahhabi Mission and Saudi Arabia</i>. I.B.Tauris. p. 95.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Wahhabi+Mission+and+Saudi+Arabia&rft.pages=95&rft.pub=I.B.Tauris&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Commins&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cook-126-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cook-126_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cook-126_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cook, <i>Forbidding Wrong</i>, 2003, p.126</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cook-127-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cook-127_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cook-127_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cook-127_26-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cook-127_26-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cook, <i>Forbidding Wrong</i>, 2003, p.127</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCommins2009" class="citation book cs1">Commins, David (2009). <i>The Wahhabi Mission and Saudi Arabia</i>. I.B.Tauris. p. 113. <q>Thus, the street enforcers of Wahhabi norms rose in standing in 1976, when the Al al-Sheikh director of the Committee for Commanding Right and Forbidding Wrong gained a seat on the cabinet.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Wahhabi+Mission+and+Saudi+Arabia&rft.pages=113&rft.pub=I.B.Tauris&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Commins&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lacey-52-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lacey-52_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLacey1981" class="citation book cs1">Lacey, Robert (1981). <i>The Kingdom</i>. New York and London: Harcourt Brace Javonoich. p. 52.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Kingdom&rft.place=New+York+and+London&rft.pages=52&rft.pub=Harcourt+Brace+Javonoich&rft.date=1981&rft.aulast=Lacey&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lacey-inside-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lacey-inside_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLacey2009" class="citation book cs1">Lacey, Robert (15 October 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VEYsi7ZmtywC&q=2002+Mecca+girls+school+fire+directorate+of+girls+education&pg=PT250"><i>Inside the Kingdom: Kings, Clerics, Modernists, Terrorists, and the Struggle ...</i></a> Penguin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781101140734" title="Special:BookSources/9781101140734"><bdi>9781101140734</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Inside+the+Kingdom%3A+Kings%2C+Clerics%2C+Modernists%2C+Terrorists%2C+and+the+Struggle+...&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=2009-10-15&rft.isbn=9781101140734&rft.aulast=Lacey&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVEYsi7ZmtywC%26q%3D2002%2BMecca%2Bgirls%2Bschool%2Bfire%2Bdirectorate%2Bof%2Bgirls%2Beducation%26pg%3DPT250&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.carnegieendowment.org/arb/?fa=show&article=20824">"Reduced Powers for Morality Police"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090725154423/https://www.carnegieendowment.org/arb/?fa=show&article=20824">Archived</a> 25 July 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>Arab Reform Bulletin</i>, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, July 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MediaLine-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MediaLine_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.themedialine.org/news/news_detail.asp?NewsID=28894">"Virtue Squads Toning Down Shows of Power in Saudi Arabia"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110728101543/http://www.themedialine.org/news/news_detail.asp?NewsID=28894">Archived</a> 28 July 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Rob L. Wagner, The Media Line, 23 May 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.carnegieendowment.org/arb/?fa=show&article=20910">"Morality Police under Pressure"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081016141654/http://www.carnegieendowment.org/arb/?fa=show&article=20910">Archived</a> 16 October 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>Arab Reform Bulletin</i>, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, June 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Scott Macleod,<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070820202519/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1647239,00.html">"Vice Squad"</a>, <i>Time</i>, New York, 26 July 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MILLER-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MILLER_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_E._Miller2011" class="citation news cs1">David E. Miller (2 July 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jpost.com/Middle-East/Saudi-Arabias-Anti-Witchcraft-Unit-breaks-another-spell">"Saudi Arabia's 'Anti-Witchcraft Unit' breaks another spell"</a>. <i>The Jerusalem Post</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Jerusalem+Post&rft.atitle=Saudi+Arabia%27s+%27Anti-Witchcraft+Unit%27+breaks+another+spell&rft.date=2011-07-02&rft.au=David+E.+Miller&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jpost.com%2FMiddle-East%2FSaudi-Arabias-Anti-Witchcraft-Unit-breaks-another-spell&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ALAWI-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ALAWI_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ALAWI_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ALAWI_35-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIrfan_Al_AlawiSTEPHEN_SCHWARTZ2012" class="citation web cs1">Irfan Al Alawi; STEPHEN SCHWARTZ (9 October 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121010233049/http://www.weeklystandard.com/blogs/saudi-arabia-s-religious-police-reforms_654065.html">"Saudi Arabia's "Religious Police" Reforms"</a>. <i>Weekly Standard</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.weeklystandard.com/blogs/saudi-arabia-s-religious-police-reforms_654065.html">the original</a> on 10 October 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Weekly+Standard&rft.atitle=Saudi+Arabia%27s+%22Religious+Police%22+Reforms&rft.date=2012-10-09&rft.au=Irfan+Al+Alawi&rft.au=STEPHEN+SCHWARTZ&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.weeklystandard.com%2Fblogs%2Fsaudi-arabia-s-religious-police-reforms_654065.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AP-haaretz-16-5-2019-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AP-haaretz-16-5-2019_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.haaretz.com/middle-east-news/saudi-state-aligned-paper-urges-u-s-surgical-strikes-on-iran-1.7249133">"Saudi Newspaper, Owned by MBS' Brother, Urges U.S. 'Surgical Strikes' on Iran"</a>. The Associated Press and Haaretz. 16 May 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Saudi+Newspaper%2C+Owned+by+MBS%27+Brother%2C+Urges+U.S.+%27Surgical+Strikes%27+on+Iran&rft.date=2019-05-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fmiddle-east-news%2Fsaudi-state-aligned-paper-urges-u-s-surgical-strikes-on-iran-1.7249133&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/2399885.stm">"Saudi minister rebukes religious police"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 4 November 2002.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Saudi+minister+rebukes+religious+police&rft.date=2002-11-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fmiddle_east%2F2399885.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.corpun.com/counsaj.htm">Judicial flogging in Saudi Arabia</a> at World Corporal Punishment Research.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.amnesty.org/library/Index/ENGMDE230572000?open&of=ENG-SAU">Saudi Arabia: Gross human rights abuses against women</a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071110204613/http://web.amnesty.org/library/index/engMDE230572000?open&of=eng-SAU">Archived</a> 10 November 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Amnesty International.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC-5215-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BBC-5215_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBC-5215_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-26030911">"Saudi Arabia's religious police 'contains extremists'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 4 February 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Saudi+Arabia%27s+religious+police+%27contains+extremists%27&rft.date=2014-02-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-middle-east-26030911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbeer_Mishkas2004" class="citation news cs1">Abeer Mishkas (17 December 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120616061137/http://archive.arabnews.com/?page=1">"Saudi Arabia to Overturn Ban on Camera Phones"</a>. <i>Arab News</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.arabnews.com/?page=1&section=0&article=56187&d=17&m=12&y=2004">the original</a> on 16 June 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arab+News&rft.atitle=Saudi+Arabia+to+Overturn+Ban+on+Camera+Phones&rft.date=2004-12-17&rft.au=Abeer+Mishkas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.arabnews.com%2F%3Fpage%3D1%26section%3D0%26article%3D56187%26d%3D17%26m%3D12%26y%3D2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Al-Bishr-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Al-Bishr_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAl-Bishr" class="citation book cs1">Al-Bishr, Mohammed. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131203054305/http://islamfuture.files.wordpress.com/2011/03/religious-police-in-saudi-arabia.pdf"><i>Religious Police in Saudi Arabia</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Ghainaa Publications. p. 135. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://islamfuture.files.wordpress.com/2011/03/religious-police-in-saudi-arabia.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 3 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 February</span> 2017</span>. <q>Undoubtedly, one of the major factors that can spoil the happiness of the two sexes is the straying of man or woman from the right path and trying to satisfy those instincts through all kinds of frivolous behavior which puts modesty to shame ... Since Saudi Arabia is an Islamic country which has been established according to Islamic rules and principles ... pursuing the principle of enjoining what is right and forbidding what is wrong becomes one of its most salient features ... Therefore, it was necessary to institute the system of the religious police which derives from the texts of Sharia ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Religious+Police+in+Saudi+Arabia&rft.pages=135&rft.pub=Ghainaa+Publications&rft.aulast=Al-Bishr&rft.aufirst=Mohammed&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fislamfuture.files.wordpress.com%2F2011%2F03%2Freligious-police-in-saudi-arabia.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="HT2009" class="citation book cs1">Tripp, Harvey; North, Peter (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/CultureShockSaudiArabia/Culture%20Shock!%20Saudi%20Arabia_djvu.txt"><i>CultureShock! A Survival Guide to Customs and Etiquette. Saudi Arabia</i></a> (3rd ed.). Marshall Cavendish. p. 99.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=CultureShock%21+A+Survival+Guide+to+Customs+and+Etiquette.+Saudi+Arabia&rft.pages=99&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Marshall+Cavendish&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Tripp&rft.aufirst=Harvey&rft.au=North%2C+Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2FCultureShockSaudiArabia%2FCulture%2520Shock%21%2520Saudi%2520Arabia_djvu.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saudigazette.com.sa/index.cfm?method=home.regcon&contentID=2010110886984">Man gets prison, lashes for gay video</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101115213326/http://www.saudigazette.com.sa/index.cfm?method=home.regcon&contentID=2010110886984">Archived</a> 15 November 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>| Adnan Al Shabrawi| Saudi Gazette| 22 November 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stephen Schwartz and Irfan Al Alawi, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070226232829/http://www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/013/328rmach.asp">"Valentine's Day in Saudi Arabia: Portents of change from the desert kingdom"</a>, <i>The Weekly Standard</i>, Washington DC, 5 March 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Arab_News_200_Arrested_2004-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Arab_News_200_Arrested_2004_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.arabnews.com/node/244447">"200 Arrested in Mina for Celebrating Valentine's Day"</a>. Arab News Jeddah/Riyadh. 18 February 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=200+Arrested+in+Mina+for+Celebrating+Valentine%27s+Day&rft.date=2004-02-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.arabnews.com%2Fnode%2F244447&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110525154306/http://www.adl.org/main_Arab_World/barbie.htm">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Jewish" Barbie Dolls Denounced in Saudi Arabia"</a>. ADL. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.adl.org/main_Arab_World/barbie.htm">the original</a> on 25 May 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 May</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22Jewish%22+Barbie+Dolls+Denounced+in+Saudi+Arabia&rft.pub=ADL&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.adl.org%2Fmain_Arab_World%2Fbarbie.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hugs-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hugs_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-25041198">"Saudi men arrested for offering free hugs in Riyadh"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 21 November 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 November</span> 2013</span>. <q><span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"After seeing the Free Hugs Campaign in many different countries, I decided to do it in my own country," Mr Swed told al-Arabiya news ... Britain's Independent newspaper reports that his video inspired two more young Saudis, Abdulrahman al-Khayyal and a friend. They offered hugs, advertised on a placard ... They were subsequently arrested by the kingdom's religious police, the Commission for the Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice, which is charged with ensuring that sharia law is strictly adhered to. The two were required to sign a pledge that they would not offer hugs again, reports say.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Saudi+men+arrested+for+offering+free+hugs+in+Riyadh&rft.date=2013-11-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-middle-east-25041198&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arabnews.com/saudiarabia/article224636.ece">"Lawyers Say No To Sorcery Suits"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101231005143/http://arabnews.com/saudiarabia/article224636.ece">Archived</a> 31 December 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Arab News.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc-sorcery-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bbc-sorcery_50-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bbc-sorcery_50-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-18503550">"Saudi man executed for 'witchcraft and sorcery'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 19 June 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Saudi+man+executed+for+%27witchcraft+and+sorcery%27&rft.date=2012-06-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-middle-east-18503550&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-22543252">"Saudi religious police boss condemns Twitter users"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 15 May 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 May</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Saudi+religious+police+boss+condemns+Twitter+users&rft.date=2013-05-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-middle-east-22543252&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HTPN-2003-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HTPN-2003_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="HT2003" class="citation book cs1">Tripp, Harvey; North, Peter (2003). <i>Culture Shock, Saudi Arabia. A Guide to Customs and Etiquette</i>. Singapore; Portland, Oregon: Times Media Private Limited. pp. <span class="nowrap">61–</span>2.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Culture+Shock%2C+Saudi+Arabia.+A+Guide+to+Customs+and+Etiquette&rft.place=Singapore%3B+Portland%2C+Oregon&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E61-%3C%2Fspan%3E2&rft.pub=Times+Media+Private+Limited&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Tripp&rft.aufirst=Harvey&rft.au=North%2C+Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHouse,_Karen_Elliott2012" class="citation book cs1">House, Karen Elliott (2012). <a href="/wiki/On_Saudi_Arabia" title="On Saudi Arabia"><i>On Saudi Arabia: Its People, past, Religion, Fault Lines and Future</i></a>. Knopf. p. 155. <q>offices of multinational firms ... even at these offices there are occasional raids by religious police. The one institution exempt from all these conventions and restrictions is Saudi ARAMCO, which since its founding has operated as an innovative and international island in the largely stagnant Saudi sea. KAUST is now a second island. The government has made it clear that these islands – like foreign embassies in Saudi Arabia – are off limits to the religious police.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=On+Saudi+Arabia%3A+Its+People%2C+past%2C+Religion%2C+Fault+Lines+and+Future&rft.pages=155&rft.pub=Knopf&rft.date=2012&rft.au=House%2C+Karen+Elliott&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHouse,_Karen_Elliott2012" class="citation book cs1">House, Karen Elliott (2012). <i>On Saudi Arabia: Its People, past, Religion, Fault Lines and Future</i>. Knopf. p. 78.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=On+Saudi+Arabia%3A+Its+People%2C+past%2C+Religion%2C+Fault+Lines+and+Future&rft.pages=78&rft.pub=Knopf&rft.date=2012&rft.au=House%2C+Karen+Elliott&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chan-NYT-15-4-2016-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Chan-NYT-15-4-2016_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChan2016" class="citation news cs1">Chan, Sewell (15 April 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/16/world/middleeast/saudi-arabia-moves-to-curb-its-feared-religious-police.html">"Saudi Arabia Moves to Curb Its Feared Religious Police"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Saudi+Arabia+Moves+to+Curb+Its+Feared+Religious+Police&rft.date=2016-04-15&rft.aulast=Chan&rft.aufirst=Sewell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F04%2F16%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Fsaudi-arabia-moves-to-curb-its-feared-religious-police.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-alarabiya2016-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-alarabiya2016_56-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.alarabiya.net/en/perspective/features/2016/04/13/Saudi-cabinet-decree-preventing-Religious-Police-from-pursual-and-arrest.html">"Saudi cabinet decree prevents 'religious police' from pursuit, arrest"</a>. <i>Al-Arabiya</i>. 13 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Al-Arabiya&rft.atitle=Saudi+cabinet+decree+prevents+%27religious+police%27+from+pursuit%2C+arrest&rft.date=2016-04-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.alarabiya.net%2Fen%2Fperspective%2Ffeatures%2F2016%2F04%2F13%2FSaudi-cabinet-decree-preventing-Religious-Police-from-pursual-and-arrest.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/04/saudi-arabia-strips-religious-police-arresting-power-160413141418824.html">"Saudi Arabia strips religious police of arresting power"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Saudi+Arabia+strips+religious+police+of+arresting+power&rft.pub=Al+Jazeera&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2016%2F04%2Fsaudi-arabia-strips-religious-police-arresting-power-160413141418824.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/1874471.stm">"Saudi police 'stopped' fire rescue"</a>, <i>BBC News Online</i>, London, 15 March 2002.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Khaled Abou el Fadl, <i>The great theft: Wrestling Islam from the extremists</i>, Harper San Francisco, 2005, pp. 250–2. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-06-056339-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-06-056339-7">0-06-056339-7</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Raid Qusti, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arabnews.com/?page=1&section=0&article=96706&d=27&m=5&y=2007">"Commission Members Probed for Forced Entry and Murder"</a>, <i>Arab News</i>, Jeddah/Riyadh, 27 May 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Qusti-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Qusti_61-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQusti2007" class="citation web cs1">Qusti, Raid (2 July 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arabnews.com/node/300271">"Virtue Commission Men Go on Trial in Bulawi's Death"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Death+sentences+over+Saudi+%27sorcery%27+claims&rft.pub=Amnesty+International&rft.date=2009-12-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amnesty.org%2Fen%2Fnews-and-updates%2Fnews%2Fdeath-sentences-saudi-sorcery-claims-20091210&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-yalibnan-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-yalibnan_64-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yalibnan.com/2010/11/11/saudi-supreme-court-rejects-sabat-death-sentence/">"Saudi Supreme court rejects Sabat death sentence"</a>. <i>November 11, 2010</i>. yalibnan.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=November+11%2C+2010&rft.atitle=Saudi+Supreme+court+rejects+Sabat+death+sentence&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yalibnan.com%2F2010%2F11%2F11%2Fsaudi-supreme-court-rejects-sabat-death-sentence%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lutz-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lutz_65-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLutz" class="citation news cs1">Lutz, Meris. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/babylonbeyond/2010/04/saudi-arabia-lebanese-tv-psychics-death-sentence-stayed.html#sthash.QjHwQ3AL.dpuf">"SAUDI ARABIA: Factional politics may be at heart of legal dispute over psychic's fate"</a>. <i>April 2, 2010</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Saudi+Arabia%27s+religious+police+%27contains+extremists%27&rft.date=2014-02-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-middle-east-26030911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AFP-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AFP_70-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5j9_Fce_DJaxQitiAL8eR1-jAimJQ?docId=20daaa87-aea8-4b98-b664-f245166e8a3a">"Saudi religious police chief vows crackdown on extremists"</a>. Agence France-Presse. 4 February 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Saudi+religious+police+chief+vows+crackdown+on+extremists&rft.date=2014-02-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fhostednews%2Fafp%2Farticle%2FALeqM5j9_Fce_DJaxQitiAL8eR1-jAimJQ%3FdocId%3D20daaa87-aea8-4b98-b664-f245166e8a3a&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged June 2024">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mixing-Arabiya-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mixing-Arabiya_71-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140419235820/http://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2012/01/23/189993.html">"Saudi cleric says nothing wrong with genders mixing, listening to music"</a>. Al Arabiya. 23 January 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2012/01/23/189993.html">the original</a> on 19 April 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Saudi+cleric+says+nothing+wrong+with+genders+mixing%2C+listening+to+music&rft.pub=Al+Arabiya&rft.date=2012-01-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.alarabiya.net%2Farticles%2F2012%2F01%2F23%2F189993.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHouse2012" class="citation book cs1">House, Karen Elliott (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_wzyIQAVE_AC&pg=PA45"><i>On Saudi Arabia: Its People, Past, Religion, Fault Lines—and Future</i></a>. Alfred A. Knopf. pp. <span class="nowrap">45–</span>6. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-307-27216-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-307-27216-4"><bdi>978-0-307-27216-4</bdi></a>. <q>... the head of the <i>Hai'a</i> ... in ... Mecca, Sheikh Ahmad Qasim al Ghamdi, not only supported men and women mixing in public places but also said he instructed his mutawa'a, or religious police, not to interfere with such mixing ... Under pressure from religious conservatives, the head of the <i>Hai'a</i> in Riyadh fired his chief in Mecca late one Sunday night ... Within hours of the firing of the Sheikh Al Ghamdi, the <i>Hai'a</i> issued an embarrassing retraction: 'The information sent out today concerning administrative changes at some <i>Hai'a</i> offices, particularly those concerning Mecca and Hail, was inaccurate and the administration has requested editors not to publish it.' It was too late. Both the firing and the retraction had become major news ... Outraged conservatives went to Sheiksh Al Ghamdi's home, demanding to 'mix' with his females ... still other outraged opponents scrawled graffiti on his home.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=On+Saudi+Arabia%3A+Its+People%2C+Past%2C+Religion%2C+Fault+Lines%E2%80%94and+Future&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E45-%3C%2Fspan%3E6&rft.pub=Alfred+A.+Knopf&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-307-27216-4&rft.aulast=House&rft.aufirst=Karen+Elliott&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_wzyIQAVE_AC%26pg%3DPA45&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lawrence Wright, <i>The looming tower: Al Qaeda and the road to 9/11,</i> Knopf, New York, 2006, p.149. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-375-41486-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-375-41486-X">0-375-41486-X</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wood-power-Atlantic-3-2022-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Wood-power-Atlantic-3-2022_74-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWood2022" class="citation journal cs1">Wood, Graeme (3 March 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2022/04/mohammed-bin-salman-saudi-arabia-palace-interview/622822/">"ABSOLUTE POWER"</a>. <i>The Atlantic</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Atlantic&rft.atitle=ABSOLUTE+POWER&rft.date=2022-03-03&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=Graeme&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fmagazine%2Farchive%2F2022%2F04%2Fmohammed-bin-salman-saudi-arabia-palace-interview%2F622822%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Zoepf-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Zoepf_75-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Zoepf_75-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Zoepf_75-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Zoepf_75-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZoepf2013" class="citation magazine cs1">Zoepf, Katherine (23 December 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2013/12/23/131223fa_fact_zoepf">"Letter from Riyadh. Shopgirls (behind paywall)"</a>. <i>The New Yorker</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=KSA+female+employment+rate+among+lowest+in+MENA+region&rft.pub=Arab+News&rft.date=2013-03-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arabnews.com%2Fnews%2F445991&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-memri-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-memri_77-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-memri_77-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.memri.org/report/en/0/0/0/0/0/0/1793.htm#_edn1">"Public Debate in Saudi Arabia on Employment Opportunities for Women"</a>. <i>The Middle East Research Unit</i>. 17 November 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Middle+East+Research+Unit&rft.atitle=Public+Debate+in+Saudi+Arabia+on+Employment+Opportunities+for+Women&rft.date=2006-11-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.memri.org%2Freport%2Fen%2F0%2F0%2F0%2F0%2F0%2F0%2F1793.htm%23_edn1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHouse,_Karen_Elliott2012" class="citation book cs1">House, Karen Elliott (2012). <i>On Saudi Arabia: Its People, past, Religion, Fault Lines and Future</i>. Knopf. p. 23. <q>When one of the senior religious ulama had the temerity to criticize [gender mixing at KAUST that the king gave his approval to] ... the mild-mannered king promptly fired him ... the sacking of this sheikh had the desired effect of prompting supportive statements on KAUST from other tame religious leaders, but it angered religious conservatives ... Always careful to balance, the king, who had secured ulama approval for fender mixing at this elite university, did nothing to curb the country's religious police from roaming the kingdom's streets and harassing ordinary Saudis mixing with anyone of the opposite genders.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=On+Saudi+Arabia%3A+Its+People%2C+past%2C+Religion%2C+Fault+Lines+and+Future&rft.pages=23&rft.pub=Knopf&rft.date=2012&rft.au=House%2C+Karen+Elliott&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ahmed Rashid, <i>Taliban: Islam, oil and the new great game in Central Asia</i>, Yale University Press, 2000, p. 201. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-86064-417-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-86064-417-1">1-86064-417-1</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lacey--80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lacey-_80-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLacey2009" class="citation book cs1">Lacey, Robert (2009). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/insidekingdomkin00lace_0"><i>Inside the Kingdom : Kings, Clerics, Modernists, Terrorists, and the Struggle for Saudi Arabia</i></a></span>. Viking. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/insidekingdomkin00lace_0/page/200">200–1</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780670021185" title="Special:BookSources/9780670021185"><bdi>9780670021185</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Inside+the+Kingdom+%3A+Kings%2C+Clerics%2C+Modernists%2C+Terrorists%2C+and+the+Struggle+for+Saudi+Arabia&rft.pages=200-1&rft.pub=Viking&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9780670021185&rft.aulast=Lacey&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Finsidekingdomkin00lace_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGannon2021" class="citation news cs1">Gannon, Kathy (18 September 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/middle-east-afghanistan-womens-rights-kabul-taliban-eee5a8c73dd5d58acfda008582ef77bb">"Taliban replace ministry for women with 'virtue' authorities"</a>. <i>AP News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AP+News&rft.atitle=Taliban+replace+ministry+for+women+with+%27virtue%27+authorities&rft.date=2021-09-18&rft.aulast=Gannon&rft.aufirst=Kathy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fmiddle-east-afghanistan-womens-rights-kabul-taliban-eee5a8c73dd5d58acfda008582ef77bb&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2014/12/21/the-heavy-hand-of-religious-police-in-aceh">"Indonesia Islamic law"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Indonesia+Islamic+law&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Ffeatures%2F2014%2F12%2F21%2Fthe-heavy-hand-of-religious-police-in-aceh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Committee_for_the_Promotion_of_Virtue_and_the_Prevention_of_Vice_(Saudi_Arabia)&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCook2003" class="citation book cs1">Cook, Michael (2003). <i>Forbidding Wrong in Islam, an Introduction</i>. Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Forbidding+Wrong+in+Islam%2C+an+Introduction&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span><</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLacey1981" class="citation book cs1">Lacey, Robert (1981). <i>The Kingdom</i>. New York and London: Harcourt Brace Javonoich.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Kingdom&rft.place=New+York+and+London&rft.pub=Harcourt+Brace+Javonoich&rft.date=1981&rft.aulast=Lacey&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommittee+for+the+Promotion+of+Virtue+and+the+Prevention+of+Vice+%28Saudi+Arabia%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Committee_for_the_Promotion_of_Virtue_and_the_Prevention_of_Vice_(Saudi_Arabia)&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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<li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governorates_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of governorates of Saudi Arabia">Governorates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of mountains in Saudi Arabia">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Provinces of Saudi Arabia">Provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_wadis_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of wadis of Saudi Arabia">Wadis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Wildlife of Saudi Arabia">Wildlife</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Politics of Saudi Arabia">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allegiance_Council" title="Allegiance Council">Allegiance Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Council of Ministers of Saudi Arabia">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consultative_Assembly_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Consultative Assembly of Saudi Arabia">Consultative Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Custodian_of_the_Two_Holy_Mosques" title="Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques">Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Foreign relations of Saudi Arabia">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="King of Saudi Arabia">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Prince_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia">Crown Prince</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mabahith" title="Mabahith">Mabahith (secret police)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Council_(Saudi_Arabia)" title="National Security Council (Saudi Arabia)">National Security Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_program_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Nuclear program of Saudi Arabia">Nuclear program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia">Prime Minister</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:2.95em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Legal_system_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Legal system of Saudi Arabia">Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basic_Law_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Basic Law of Saudi Arabia">Basic Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Capital punishment in Saudi Arabia">Capital punishment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Elections in Saudi Arabia">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Freedom of religion in Saudi Arabia">Freedom of religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Human rights in Saudi Arabia">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Saudi Arabia">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rape_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Rape in Saudi Arabia">Rape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_rights_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Women's rights in Saudi Arabia">Women</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Judiciary of Saudi Arabia">Judiciary</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mutaween (religious police)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_passport" title="Saudi passport">Passport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Visa policy of Saudi Arabia">Visa policy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Military_of_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of Saudi Arabia">Military</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_Army" title="Saudi Arabian Army">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Saudi_Navy" title="Royal Saudi Navy">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Saudi_Air_Force" title="Royal Saudi Air Force">Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Saudi_Air_Defense" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Saudi Air Defense">Air Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Saudi_Strategic_Missile_Force" title="Royal Saudi Strategic Missile Force">Strategic Missile Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_National_Guard" title="Saudi Arabian National Guard">National Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_General_Staff" title="Chairman of the General Staff">Chairman of the General Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Staff_Presidency" title="General Staff Presidency">General Staff Presidency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Intelligence_Presidency" title="General Intelligence Presidency">General Intelligence Presidency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_military_ranks" class="mw-redirect" title="Saudi Arabian military ranks">Military ranks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Economy of Saudi Arabia">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Agriculture in Saudi Arabia">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of companies of Saudi Arabia">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_Market_Authority_(Saudi_Arabia)" title="Capital Market Authority (Saudi Arabia)">Capital Market Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Economic_and_Development_Affairs_(Saudi_Arabia)" title="Council of Economic and Development Affairs (Saudi Arabia)">Council of Economic and Development Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Energy in Saudi Arabia">Energy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oil_reserves_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Oil reserves in Saudi Arabia">Oil reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_oil_industry_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="History of the oil industry in Saudi Arabia">History of the oil industry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_workers_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Foreign workers in Saudi Arabia">Foreign workers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irrigation_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Irrigation in Saudi Arabia">Irrigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OPEC" title="OPEC">OPEC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_riyal" title="Saudi riyal">Riyal (currency)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Central_Bank" title="Saudi Central Bank">Saudi Central Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Economic_Council_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Supreme Economic Council of Saudi Arabia">Supreme Economic Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tadawul" class="mw-redirect" title="Tadawul">Tadawul (stock exchange)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Telecommunications in Saudi Arabia">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Tourism in Saudi Arabia">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Transport in Saudi Arabia">Transport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Rail transport in Saudi Arabia">rail</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Category:Society of Saudi Arabia">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Abortion in Saudi Arabia">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Censorship in Saudi Arabia">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Crime in Saudi Arabia">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Demographics of Saudi Arabia">Demographics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Youth_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Youth in Saudi Arabia">youth</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_and_racial_discrimination_in_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Social and racial discrimination in Saudi Arabia">Discrimination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Education in Saudi Arabia">Education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Libraries_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Libraries in Saudi Arabia">libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_and_colleges_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of universities and colleges in Saudi Arabia">universities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_care_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Health care in Saudi Arabia">Health care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Human trafficking in Saudi Arabia">Human trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obesity_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Obesity in Saudi Arabia">Obesity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polygamy_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Polygamy in Saudi Arabia">Polygamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Prostitution in Saudi Arabia">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Terrorism in Saudi Arabia">Terrorism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Response_of_Saudi_Arabia_to_ISIL" class="mw-redirect" title="Response of Saudi Arabia to ISIL">response to ISIL</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Water supply and sanitation in Saudi Arabia">Water supply and sanitation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Culture of Saudi Arabia">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_art" title="Saudi Arabian art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_arts_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Visual arts in Saudi Arabia">Visual arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Cinema of Saudi Arabia">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_cuisine" title="Saudi Arabian cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Saudi Arabia">Media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Television in Saudi Arabia">television</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Music of Saudi Arabia">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Public holidays in Saudi Arabia">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Religion in Saudi Arabia">Religion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Islam in Saudi Arabia">Islam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Sport in Saudi Arabia">Sport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Football_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Football in Saudi Arabia">football</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_in_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Theatre in Saudi Arabia">Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heritage_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Heritage in Saudi Arabia">Heritage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="National symbols of Saudi Arabia">Symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Anthem_of_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="National Anthem of Saudi Arabia">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ardah" title="Ardah">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Emblem of Saudi Arabia">Emblem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Flag of Saudi Arabia">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahada" title="Shahada">Motto</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Outline of Saudi Arabia">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Saudi_Arabia%E2%80%93related_articles" title="Index of Saudi Arabia–related articles">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Saudi_Arabia" title="Category:Saudi Arabia">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Saudi_Arabia" title="Portal:Saudi Arabia">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Security_forces_of_Saudi_Arabia268" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Saudi_security_forces" title="Template:Saudi security forces"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li 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scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Law_enforcement_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Category:Law enforcement in Saudi Arabia">Law enforcement</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Interior_(Saudi_Arabia)" title="Ministry of Interior (Saudi Arabia)">Ministry of Interior</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Directorate_of_Border_Guard" title="General Directorate of Border Guard">Border Guards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Directorate_of_Public_Security" title="General Directorate of Public Security">General Directorate of Public Security</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Committee for the Promotion of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_religious_police" title="Islamic religious police">Mutaween</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" 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