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extractives</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: durability. extractives"> <meta name="keywords" content="durability. extractives"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="durability. extractives"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 594</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: durability. extractives</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">594</span> Influence of Extractives Leaching from Larch Wood on Durability of Semi-Transparent Oil-Based Coating during Accelerated Weathering</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Dvorak">O. Dvorak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Panek"> M. Panek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Oberhofnerova"> E. Oberhofnerova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Sterbova"> I. Sterbova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Extractives contained in larch wood (Larix decidua, Mill.) reduce the service-life of exterior coating systems, especially transparent and semi-transparent. The aim of this work was to find out whether the initial several-week leaching of extractives from untreated wood in the exterior will positively affect the selected characteristics and the overall life of the semi-transparent oil-based coating. Samples exposed to exterior leaching for 10 or 20 weeks, and the reference samples without leaching were then treated with a coating system. Testing was performed by the method of artificial accelerated weathering in the UV chamber combined with thermal cycling during 6 weeks. The changes of colour, gloss, surface wetting, microscopic analyses of surfaces, and visual damage of paint were evaluated. Only 20-week initial leaching had a positive effect. Both to increase the color stability during aging, but also to slightly increase the overall life of the tested semi-transparent coating system on larch wood. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=larch%20wood" title="larch wood">larch wood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coating" title=" coating"> coating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability.%20extractives" title=" durability. extractives"> durability. extractives</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107884/influence-of-extractives-leaching-from-larch-wood-on-durability-of-semi-transparent-oil-based-coating-during-accelerated-weathering" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107884.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">593</span> Predicting Durability of Self Compacting Concrete Using Artificial Neural Network</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Boudjelthia">R. Boudjelthia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study is to determine the influence of mix composition of concrete as the content of water and cement, water–binder ratio, and the replacement of fly ash on the durability of self compacting concrete (SCC) by using artificial neural networks (ANNs). To achieve this, an ANNs model is developed to predict the durability of self compacting concrete which is expressed in terms of chloride ions permeability in accordance with ASTM C1202-97 or AASHTO T277. Database gathered from the literature for the training and testing the model. A sensitivity analysis was also conducted using the trained and tested ANN model to investigate the effect of fly ash on the durability of SCC. The results indicate that the developed model is reliable and accurate. the durability of SCC expressed in terms of total charge passed over a 6-h period can be significantly improved by using at least 25% fly ash as replacement of cement. This study show that artificial neural network have strong potentialas a feasible tool for predicting accurately the durability of SCC containing fly ash. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20neural%20networks" title="artificial neural networks">artificial neural networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title=" durability"> durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chloride%20ions%20permeability" title=" chloride ions permeability"> chloride ions permeability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self%20compacting%20concrete" title=" self compacting concrete"> self compacting concrete</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29977/predicting-durability-of-self-compacting-concrete-using-artificial-neural-network" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29977.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">379</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">592</span> Evaluation of Durability Performance for Bio-Energy Co-Product</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bo%20Yang">Bo Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hali%CC%87l%20Ceylan"> Hali̇l Ceylan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Ulvi%CC%87%20Uzer"> Ali Ulvi̇ Uzer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This experimental study was performed to investigate the effect of biofuel co-products (BCPs) with sulfur-free lignin addition on the unconsolidated on strength and durability behavior in pavement soil stabilization subjected to freezing–thawing cycles. For strength behavior, a series of unconfined compression tests were conducted. Mass losses were also calculated after freezing–thawing cycles as criteria for durability behavior. To investigate the effect of the biofuel co-products on the durability behavior of the four type’s soils, mass losses were calculated after 12 freezing–thawing cycles. The co-products tested are promising additives for improving durability under freeze-thaw conditions, and each type has specific advantages. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title="durability">durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mass%20lose" title=" mass lose"> mass lose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=freezing%E2%80%93thawing%20test" title=" freezing–thawing test"> freezing–thawing test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio-energy%20co-product" title=" bio-energy co-product"> bio-energy co-product</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20stabilization" title=" soil stabilization"> soil stabilization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43481/evaluation-of-durability-performance-for-bio-energy-co-product" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43481.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">375</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">591</span> Improved Clothing Durability as a Lifespan Extension Strategy: A Framework for Measuring Clothing Durability</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kate%20E%20Morris">Kate E Morris</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mark%20Sumner"> Mark Sumner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mark%20Taylor"> Mark Taylor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amanda%20Joynes"> Amanda Joynes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yue%20Guo"> Yue Guo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Garment durability, which encompasses physical and emotional factors, has been identified as a critical ingredient in producing clothing with increased lifespans, battling overconsumption, and subsequently tackling the catastrophic effects of climate change. Eco-design for Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR) and Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) schemes have been suggested and will be implemented across Europe and the UK which might require brands to declare a garment’s durability credentials to be able to sell in that market. There is currently no consistent method of measuring the overall durability of a garment. Measuring the physical durability of garments is difficult and current assessment methods lack objectivity and reliability or don’t reflect the complex nature of durability for different garment categories. This study presents a novel and reproducible methodology for testing and ranking the absolute durability of 5 commercially available garment types, Formal Trousers, Casual Trousers, Denim Jeans, Casual Leggings and Underwear. A total of 112 garments from 21 UK brands were assessed. Due to variations in end use, different factors were considered across the different garment categories when evaluating durability. A physical testing protocol was created, tailored to each category, to dictate the necessary test results needed to measure the absolute durability of the garments. Multiple durability factors were used to modulate the ranking as opposed to previous studies which only reported on single factors to evaluate durability. The garments in this study were donated by the signatories of the Waste Resource Action Programme’s (WRAP) Textile 2030 initiative as part of their strategy to reduce the environmental impact of UK fashion. This methodology presents a consistent system for brands and policymakers to follow to measure and rank various garment type’s physical durability. Furthermore, with such a methodology, the durability of garments can be measured and new standards for improving durability can be created to enhance utilisation and improve the sustainability of the clothing on the market. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circularity" title="circularity">circularity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title=" durability"> durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=garment%20testing" title=" garment testing"> garment testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ranking" title=" ranking"> ranking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187429/improved-clothing-durability-as-a-lifespan-extension-strategy-a-framework-for-measuring-clothing-durability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187429.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">35</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">590</span> A Review on Geomembrane Characteristics and Application in Geotechnical Engineering</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandra%20Ghavam%20Shirazi">Sandra Ghavam Shirazi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Komeil%20Valipourian"> Komeil Valipourian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Reza%20Golhashem"> Mohammad Reza Golhashem </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper represents the basic idea and mechanisms associated with the durability of geomembranes and discusses the factors influencing the service life and temperature of geomembrane liners. Geomembrane durability is stated as field performance and laboratory test outcomes under various conditions. Due to the high demand of geomembranes as landfill barriers and their crucial role in sensitive projects, sufficient service life of geomembranes is very important, therefore in this paper, the durability, the effect of temperature on geomembrane and the role of this type of reinforcement in different types of soil will be discussed. Also, the role of geomembrane in the earthquake will be considered in the last part of the paper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geomembrane" title="geomembrane">geomembrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability%20temperature%20soil%20mechanic" title=" durability temperature soil mechanic"> durability temperature soil mechanic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil" title=" soil"> soil</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75603/a-review-on-geomembrane-characteristics-and-application-in-geotechnical-engineering" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75603.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">309</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">589</span> The Mechanical Strength and Durability of High Performance Concrete Using Local Materials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Guemidi">I. Guemidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Abdelaziz"> Y. Abdelaziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Rikioui"> T. Rikioui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, an experimental investigation was carried out to evaluate the mechanical and durability properties of high performance concretes (HPC) containing local southwest Algerian materials. The mechanical properties were assessed from the compressive strength and the flexural strength, whilst the durability characteristics were investigated in terms of sulphate attack. The results obtained allow us to conclude that it is possible to make a high performance concrete (HPC) based on existing materials in the local market, if these are carefully selected and properly mixed in such away to optimize grain size distribution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title="durability">durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20performance%20concrete" title=" high performance concrete"> high performance concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20%20strength" title=" high strength"> high strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20materials" title=" local materials"> local materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Southwest%20Algerian" title=" Southwest Algerian"> Southwest Algerian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sulphate%20attack" title=" sulphate attack"> sulphate attack</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36786/the-mechanical-strength-and-durability-of-high-performance-concrete-using-local-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36786.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">390</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">588</span> New Evaluation Methodology for Solidification Product Durability Assessment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bozena%20Dohnalkova">Bozena Dohnalkova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jakub%20Hodul"> Jakub Hodul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rostislav%20Drochytka"> Rostislav Drochytka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jana%20Kosikova"> Jana Kosikova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper deals with a proposal of a new methodology for durability assessment of solidification product for its safe further use. The new methodology is based on a review of the current state of assessment of treated waste in Czech Republic and abroad. The aim of the paper is to propose an optimal evaluation methodology for verifying properties of solidification product to ensure its safe further use in building industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solidification" title="solidification">solidification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stabilization" title=" stabilization"> stabilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title=" durability"> durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste" title=" waste"> waste</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10833/new-evaluation-methodology-for-solidification-product-durability-assessment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10833.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">429</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">587</span> Effects of the Usage of Marble Powder as Partial Replacement of Cement on the Durability of High Performance Concrete</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Talah%20Aissa">Talah Aissa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper reports an experimental study of the influence of marble powder used as a partial substitute for Portland cement (PC) on the mechanical properties and durability of high-performance concretes. The analysis of the experimental results on concrete at 15% content of marble powder with a fineness modulus of 11500 cm2/g, in a chloride environment, showed that it contributes positively to the perfection of its mechanical characteristics, its durability with respect to migration of chloride ions and oxygen permeability. On the basis of the experiments performed, it can be concluded that the marble powder is suitable for formulation of high performance concretes (HPC) and their properties are significantly better compared to the reference concrete (RC). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marble%20powder" title="marble powder">marble powder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title=" durability"> durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete" title=" concrete"> concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cement" title=" cement"> cement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34467/effects-of-the-usage-of-marble-powder-as-partial-replacement-of-cement-on-the-durability-of-high-performance-concrete" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34467.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">290</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">586</span> Durability of Light-Weight Concrete</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rudolf%20Hela">Rudolf Hela</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michala%20Hubertova"> Michala Hubertova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper focuses on research of durability and lifetime of dense light-weight concrete with artificial light-weight aggregate Liapor exposed to various types of aggressive environment. Experimental part describes testing of designed concrete of various strength classes and volume weights exposed to cyclical freezing, frost and chemical de-icers and various types of chemically aggressive environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aggressive%20environment" title="aggressive environment">aggressive environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title=" durability"> durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical-mechanical%20properties" title=" physical-mechanical properties"> physical-mechanical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=light-weight%20concrete" title=" light-weight concrete"> light-weight concrete</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2400/durability-of-light-weight-concrete" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2400.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">268</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">585</span> Durability of Lightweight Concrete Material Made from Date Palma Seeds</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Almograbi">Mohammed Almograbi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Libya is one of the largest producers of dates from date palm, generating about 60000 tonnes of date palm seeds (DPS) annually. This large amount of seeds led to studies into the possible use as aggregates in lightweight concrete for some special structures. The utilization of DPS as aggregate in concrete provides a good solution as alternative aggregate to the stone aggregate. It has been recognized that, DPS can be used as coarse aggregate in structural lightweight concrete industry. For any structure member, the durability is one of the most important considerations during its service life. This paper presents the durability properties of DPS concrete. These include the water permeability, water absorption, sorptivity and chloride penetration. The test results obtained were comparable to the conventional lightweight concrete. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=date%20palm%20seeds" title="date palm seeds">date palm seeds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lightweight%20concrete" title=" lightweight concrete"> lightweight concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title=" durability"> durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=permeability%20of%20concrete" title=" permeability of concrete"> permeability of concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20absorption%20of%20concrete" title=" water absorption of concrete"> water absorption of concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sorptivity%20of%20concrete" title=" sorptivity of concrete"> sorptivity of concrete</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21909/durability-of-lightweight-concrete-material-made-from-date-palma-seeds" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21909.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">655</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">584</span> Chemical Properties of Yushania alpina and Bamusa oldhamii Bamboo Species</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Getu%20Dessalegn%20Asfaw">Getu Dessalegn Asfaw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yalew%20Dessalegn%20Asfaw"> Yalew Dessalegn Asfaw</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research aims to examine the chemical composition of bamboo species in Ethiopia under the effect of age and culm height. The chemical composition of bamboo species in Ethiopia has not been investigated so far. The highest to the lowest cellulose and hemicellulose contents are Injibara (Y. alpina), Mekaneselam (Y. alpina), and Kombolcha (B. oldhamii), whereas lignin, extractives, and ash contents are Kombolcha, Mekanesealm, and Injibra, respectively. As a result of this research, the highest and lowest cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin contents are at the age of 2 and 1 year old, respectively. Whereas extractives and ash contents are decreased at the age of the culm matured. The cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin, and ash contents of the culm increase from the bottom to top along the height, however, extractive contents decrease from the bottom to top position. The cellulose content of Injibara, Kombolch, and Mekaneselam bamboo was recorded at 51±1.7–53±1.8%, 45±1.6%–48±1.5%, and 48±1.8–51±1.6%, and hemicelluloses content was measured at 20±1.2–23±1.1%, 17±1.0–19±0.9%, and 18±1.0–20±1.0%, lignin content was measured 19±1.0–21±1.1%, 27±1.2–29±1.1%, and 21±1.1–24±1.1%, extractive content was measured 3.9±0.2 –4.5±0.2%, 6.6±0.3–7.8±0.4%, and 4.7±0.2–5.2±0.1%, ash content was measured 1.6±0.1–2.1±0.1%, 2.8±0.1–3.5±0.2%, and 1.9±0.1–2.5±0.1% at the ages of 1–3 years old, respectively. This result demonstrated that bamboo species in Ethiopia can be a source of feedstock for lignocelluloses ethanol and bamboo composite production since they have higher cellulose content. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=age" title="age">age</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bamboo%20species" title=" bamboo species"> bamboo species</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culm%20height" title=" culm height"> culm height</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20composition" title=" chemical composition"> chemical composition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159115/chemical-properties-of-yushania-alpina-and-bamusa-oldhamii-bamboo-species" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159115.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">583</span> Bulk-Density and Lignocellulose Composition: Influence of Changing Lignocellulosic Composition on Bulk-Density during Anaerobic Digestion and Implication of Compacted Lignocellulose Bed on Mass Transfer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aastha%20Paliwal">Aastha Paliwal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20N.%20Chanakya"> H. N. Chanakya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Dasappa"> S. Dasappa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lignocellulose, as an alternate feedstock for biogas production, has been an active area of research. However, lignocellulose poses a lot of operational difficulties- widespread variation in the structural organization of lignocellulosic matrix, amenability to degradation, low bulk density, to name a few. Amongst these, the low bulk density of the lignocellulosic feedstock is crucial to the process operation and optimization. Low bulk densities render the feedstock floating in conventional liquid/wet digesters. Low bulk densities also restrict the maximum achievable organic loading rate in the reactor, decreasing the power density of the reactor. However, during digestion, lignocellulose undergoes very high compaction (up to 26 times feeding density). This first reduces the achievable OLR (because of low feeding density) and compaction during digestion, then renders the reactor space underutilized and also imposes significant mass transfer limitations. The objective of this paper was to understand the effects of compacting lignocellulose on mass transfer and the influence of loss of different components on the bulk density and hence structural integrity of the digesting lignocellulosic feedstock. 10 different lignocellulosic feedstocks (monocots and dicots) were digested anaerobically in a fed-batch, leach bed reactor -solid-state stratified bed reactor (SSBR). Percolation rates of the recycled bio-digester liquid (BDL) were also measured during the reactor run period to understand the implication of compaction on mass transfer. After 95 ds, in a destructive sampling, lignocellulosic feedstocks digested at different SRT were investigated to quantitate the weekly changes in bulk density and lignocellulosic composition. Further, percolation rate data was also compared to bulk density data. Results from the study indicate loss of hemicellulose (r²=0.76), hot water extractives (r²=0.68), and oxalate extractives (r²=0.64) had dominant influence on changing the structural integrity of the studied lignocellulose during anaerobic digestion. Further, feeding bulk density of the lignocellulose can be maintained between 300-400kg/m³ to achieve higher OLR, and bulk density of 440-500kg/m³ incurs significant mass transfer limitation for high compacting beds of dicots. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anaerobic%20digestion" title="anaerobic digestion">anaerobic digestion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bulk%20density" title=" bulk density"> bulk density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feed%20compaction" title=" feed compaction"> feed compaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lignocellulose" title=" lignocellulose"> lignocellulose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lignocellulosic%20matrix" title=" lignocellulosic matrix"> lignocellulosic matrix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cellulose" title=" cellulose"> cellulose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hemicellulose" title=" hemicellulose"> hemicellulose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lignin" title=" lignin"> lignin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extractives" title=" extractives"> extractives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mass%20transfer" title=" mass transfer"> mass transfer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144830/bulk-density-and-lignocellulose-composition-influence-of-changing-lignocellulosic-composition-on-bulk-density-during-anaerobic-digestion-and-implication-of-compacted-lignocellulose-bed-on-mass-transfer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144830.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">168</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">582</span> Durability Aspects of Recycled Aggregate Concrete: An Experimental Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Smitha%20Yadav">Smitha Yadav</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Snehal%20Pathak"> Snehal Pathak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aggregate compositions in the construction and demolition (C&D) waste have potential to replace normal aggregates. However, to re-utilise these aggregates, the concrete produced with these recycled aggregates needs to provide the desired compressive strength and durability. This paper examines the performance of recycled aggregate concrete made up of 60% recycled aggregates of 20 mm size in terms of durability tests namely rapid chloride permeability, drying shrinkage, water permeability, modulus of elasticity and creep without compromising the compressive strength. The experimental outcome indicates that recycled aggregate concrete provides strength and durability same as controlled concrete when processed for removal of adhered mortar. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title="compressive strength">compressive strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycled%20aggregate" title=" recycled aggregate"> recycled aggregate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shrinkage" title=" shrinkage"> shrinkage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rapid%20chloride%20permeation%20test" title=" rapid chloride permeation test"> rapid chloride permeation test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modulus%20of%20elasticity" title=" modulus of elasticity"> modulus of elasticity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20permeability" title=" water permeability"> water permeability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80925/durability-aspects-of-recycled-aggregate-concrete-an-experimental-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80925.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">315</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">581</span> Durability Properties of Foamed Concrete with Fiber Inclusion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanizam%20Awang">Hanizam Awang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Hafiz%20Ahmad"> Muhammad Hafiz Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An experimental study was conducted on foamed concrete with synthetic and natural fibres consisting of AR-glass, polypropylene, steel, kenaf and oil palm fibre. The foamed concrete mixtures produced had a target density of 1000 kg/m3 and a mix ratio of (1:1.5:0.45). The fibres were used as additives. The inclusion of fibre was maintained at a volumetric fraction of 0.25 and 0.4 %. The water absorption, thermal and shrinkage were determined to study the effect of the fibre on the durability properties of foamed concrete. The results showed that AR-glass fibre has the lowest percentage value of drying shrinkage compared to others. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foamed%20concrete" title="foamed concrete">foamed concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fibres" title=" fibres"> fibres</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title=" durability"> durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction" title=" construction"> construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geological%20engineering" title=" geological engineering"> geological engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5947/durability-properties-of-foamed-concrete-with-fiber-inclusion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5947.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">447</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">580</span> Corrosion Monitoring Techniques Impact on Concrete Durability: A Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Victor%20A.%20Okenyi">Victor A. Okenyi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kehinde%20A.%20Alawode"> Kehinde A. Alawode</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Corrosion of reinforcement in concrete structures remains a durability issue in structural engineering with the increasing cost of repair and maintenance. The mechanism and factors influencing reinforcement corrosion in concrete with various electrochemical monitoring techniques including non-destructive, destructive techniques and the roles of sensors have been reviewed with the aim of determining the monitoring technique that proved most effective in determining corrosion parameters and more practicable for the assessment of concrete durability. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and linear polarization resistance (LPR) techniques showed great performance in evaluating corrosion kinetics and corrosion rate, respectively, while the gravimetric weight loss (GWL) technique provided accurate measurements. However, no single monitoring technique showed to be the ultimate technique, and this calls for more research work in the development of more dynamic monitoring tools capable of considering all possible corrosion factors in the corrosion monitoring process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion" title="corrosion">corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete%20structures" title=" concrete structures"> concrete structures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title=" durability"> durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-destructive%20technique" title=" non-destructive technique"> non-destructive technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensor" title=" sensor"> sensor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131142/corrosion-monitoring-techniques-impact-on-concrete-durability-a-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131142.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">182</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">579</span> Effect of Rice Husk Ash on Strength and Durability of High Strength High Performance Concrete</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20B.%20Mahmud">H. B. Mahmud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syamsul%20Bahri"> Syamsul Bahri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20W.%20Yee"> Y. W. Yee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20T.%20Yeap"> Y. T. Yeap </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper reports the strength and durability properties of high strength high performance concrete incorporating rice husk ash (RHA) having high silica, low carbon content and appropriate fineness. In this study concrete containing 10%, 15% and 20% RHA as cement replacement and water to binder ratio of 0.25 were investigated. The results show that increasing amount of RHA increases the dosage of superplasticizer to maintain similar workability. Partial replacement of cement with RHA did not increase the early age compressive strength of concrete. However, concrete containing RHA showed higher compressive strength at later ages. The results showed that compressive strength of concrete in the 90-115 MPa range can be obtained at 28 curing days and the durability properties of RHA concrete performed better than that of control concrete. The water absorption of concrete incorporating 15% RHA exhibited the lowest value. The porosity of concrete is consistent with water absorption whereby higher replacement of RHA decreased the porosity of concrete. There is a positive correlation between reducing porosity and increasing compressive strength of high strength high performance concrete. The results also indicate that up to 20% of RHA incorporation could be advantageously blended with cement without adversely affecting the strength and durability properties of concrete. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title="compressive strength">compressive strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title=" durability"> durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20performance%20concrete" title=" high performance concrete"> high performance concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rice%20husk%20ash" title=" rice husk ash"> rice husk ash</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47128/effect-of-rice-husk-ash-on-strength-and-durability-of-high-strength-high-performance-concrete" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47128.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">345</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">578</span> Experimental Study of Mechanical and Durability Properties of HPC Made with Binary Blends of Cement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vatsal%20Patel">Vatsal Patel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niraj%20Shah"> Niraj Shah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of the research reported in this paper is to assess the Strength and durability performance of High Performance Concrete containing different percentages of waste marble powder produced from marble industry. Concrete mixes possessing a target mean compressive strength of 70MPa were prepared with 0%,5%,10%,15% and 20% cement replacement by waste marble powder with W/B =0.33. More specifically, the compressive strength, flexural strength, chloride penetration, sorptivity and accelerated corrosion were determined. Concrete containing 10% waste marble powder proved to have best Mechanical and durability properties than other mixtures made with binary blends. However, poorer performance was noticeable when replacement percentage was higher. The replacement of Waste Marble Powder will have major environmental benefits. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title="durability">durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20performance%20concrete" title=" high performance concrete"> high performance concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marble%20waste%20powder" title=" marble waste powder"> marble waste powder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sorptivity" title=" sorptivity"> sorptivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accelerated%20corrosion" title=" accelerated corrosion"> accelerated corrosion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33418/experimental-study-of-mechanical-and-durability-properties-of-hpc-made-with-binary-blends-of-cement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33418.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">345</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">577</span> Mechanical Characterization and Durability of Eco-Efficient Ultra High Performance Concrete</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Valeria%20Corinaldesi">Valeria Corinaldesi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicola%20Generosi"> Nicola Generosi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jacopo%20Donnini"> Jacopo Donnini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ultra high performance concrete (UHPC) is an innovative material which tends to exhibit superior properties such as incredible mechanical and durability performance and non-brittleness behavior. Over the last twenty years, phenomenal advances have taken place in the research and application of UHPC. Recently, the approach is to improve UHPC sustainability by reducing its embodied energy. First of all, this goal can be achieved by reducing Portland cement dosage. In this work, an experimental investigation was carried out to characterize the mechanical behavior and durability of UHPCs prepared by reducing the cement amount by 30% in order to verify the impact of lower cement content and higher water-to-cement ratio on both mechanical performance and durability, if any. Eight different UHPC mixtures were compared, with two different cement dosages (either 1000 or 700 kg) and four different brass-coated steel fibres dosages (0 - 50 - 100 - 150 kg), in terms of 28-day compressive and flexural strengths. Then, the mixtures prepared with the lower cement content were further investigated in terms of abrasion resistance, water absorption, freezing and thawing cycles, and resistance to sulphate attack. Results obtained showed the feasibility of reducing cement dosage without compromising mechanical performance and UHPC's extraordinary durability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abrasion%20resistance" title="abrasion resistance">abrasion resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title=" durability"> durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eco-efficiency" title=" eco-efficiency"> eco-efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=freeze-thawing%20cycles" title=" freeze-thawing cycles"> freeze-thawing cycles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20fibres" title=" steel fibres"> steel fibres</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sulphate%20exposure" title=" sulphate exposure"> sulphate exposure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UHPC" title=" UHPC"> UHPC</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163828/mechanical-characterization-and-durability-of-eco-efficient-ultra-high-performance-concrete" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163828.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">76</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">576</span> Long-Term Durability of Roller-Compacted Concrete Pavement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun%20Hee%20Lee">Jun Hee Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young%20Kyu%20Kim"> Young Kyu Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seong%20Jae%20Hong"> Seong Jae Hong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chamroeun%20Chhorn"> Chamroeun Chhorn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seung%20Woo%20Lee"> Seung Woo Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Roller-compacted concrete pavement (RCCP), an environmental friendly pavement of which load carry capacity benefitted from both hydration and aggregate interlock from roller compacting, demonstrated a superb structural performance for a relatively small amount of water and cement content. Even though an excellent structural performance can be secured, it is required to investigate roller-compacted concrete (RCC) under environmental loading and its long-term durability under critical conditions. In order to secure long-term durability, an appropriate internal air-void structure is required for this concrete. In this study, a method for improving the long-term durability of RCCP is suggested by analyzing the internal air-void structure and corresponding durability of RCC. The method of improving the long-term durability involves measurements of air content, air voids, and air-spacing factors in RCC that experiences changes in terms of type of air-entraining agent and its usage amount. This test is conducted according to the testing criteria in ASTM C 457, 672, and KS F 2456. It was found that the freezing-thawing and scaling resistances of RCC without any chemical admixture was quite low. Interestingly, an improvement of freezing-thawing and scaling resistances was observed for RCC with appropriate the air entraining (AE) agent content; Relative dynamic elastic modulus was found to be more than 80% for those mixtures. In RCC with AE agent mixtures, large amount of air was distributed within a range of 2% to 3%, and an air void spacing factor ranging between 200 and 300 μm (close to 250 μm, recommended by PCA) was secured. The long-term durability of RCC has a direct relationship with air-void spacing factor, and thus it can only be secured by ensuring the air void spacing factor through the inclusion of the AE in the mixture. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title="durability">durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RCCP" title=" RCCP"> RCCP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20spacing%20factor" title=" air spacing factor"> air spacing factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20scaling%20resistance%20test" title=" surface scaling resistance test"> surface scaling resistance test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=freezing%20and%20thawing%20resistance%20test" title=" freezing and thawing resistance test"> freezing and thawing resistance test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53693/long-term-durability-of-roller-compacted-concrete-pavement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53693.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">253</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">575</span> An Experimental Study on Service Life Prediction of Self: Compacting Concrete Using Sorptivity as a Durability Index</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Girish">S. Girish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Ajay"> N. Ajay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Permeation properties have been widely used to quantify durability characteristics of concrete for assessing long term performance and sustainability. The processes of deterioration in concrete are mediated largely by water. There is a strong interest in finding a better way of assessing the material properties of concrete in terms of durability. Water sorptivity is a useful single material property which can be one of the measures of durability useful in service life planning and prediction, especially in severe environmental conditions. This paper presents the results of the comparative study of sorptivity of Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) with conventionally vibrated concrete. SCC is a new, special type of concrete mixture, characterized by high resistance to segregation that can flow through intricate geometrical configuration in the presence of reinforcement, under its own mass, without vibration and compaction. SCC mixes were developed for the paste contents of 0.38, 0.41 and 0.43 with fly ash as the filler for different cement contents ranging from 300 to 450 kg/m3. The study shows better performance by SCC in terms of capillary absorption. The sorptivity value decreased as the volume of paste increased. The use of higher paste content in SCC can make the concrete robust with better densification of the micro-structure, improving the durability and making the concrete more sustainable with improved long term performance. The sorptivity based on secondary absorption can be effectively used as a durability index to predict the time duration required for the ingress of water to penetrate the concrete, which has practical significance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-compacting%20concrete" title="self-compacting concrete">self-compacting concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service%20life%20prediction" title=" service life prediction"> service life prediction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sorptivity" title=" sorptivity"> sorptivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=volume%20of%20paste" title=" volume of paste"> volume of paste</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79405/an-experimental-study-on-service-life-prediction-of-self-compacting-concrete-using-sorptivity-as-a-durability-index" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79405.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">321</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">574</span> Durability Assessment of Nanocomposite-Based Bone Fixation Device Consisting of Bioabsorbable Polymer and Ceramic Nanoparticles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jisoo%20Kim">Jisoo Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin-Young%20Choi"> Jin-Young Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MinSu%20Lee"> MinSu Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sunmook%20Lee"> Sunmook Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Effects of ceramic nanoparticles on the improvement of durability of bone fixation devices have been investigated by assessing the durability of nanocomposite materials consisting of bioabsorbable polymer and ceramic nanoparticles, which could be applied for bone fixation devices such as plates and screws. Various composite ratios were used for the synthesis of nanocomposite materials by blending polylactic acid (PLA) and polyglycolic acid (PGA) as bioabsorbable polymer, and hydroxyapatite (HA) and tri-calcium phosphate (TCP) as ceramic nanoparticles. It was found that the addition of ceramic nanoparticles significantly enhanced the mechanical properties of the bone fixation devices compared to those fabricated with pure biopolymers. Particularly, the layer-by-layer approach for the fabrication of nanocomposites also had an effect on the improvement of bending strength. Durability tests were performed by measuring the changes in the bending strength of nanocomposite samples under varied temperature conditions for the accelerated degradation tests. It was found that Weibull distribution was the most proper one for describing the life distribution of devices in the present study. The mean lifetime was predicted by adopting Arrhenius Eq. Model for Stress-Life relationship. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioabsorbable" title="bioabsorbable">bioabsorbable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone%20fixation%20device" title=" bone fixation device"> bone fixation device</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ceramic%20nanoparticles" title=" ceramic nanoparticles"> ceramic nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability%20assessment" title=" durability assessment"> durability assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanocomposite" title=" nanocomposite"> nanocomposite</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53095/durability-assessment-of-nanocomposite-based-bone-fixation-device-consisting-of-bioabsorbable-polymer-and-ceramic-nanoparticles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53095.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">573</span> Durability Enhancement of CaSO4 in Repetitive Operation of Chemical Heat Pump</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Shiren">Y. Shiren</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Masuzawa"> M. Masuzawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Ohkura"> H. Ohkura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Yamagata"> T. Yamagata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Aman"> Y. Aman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Kobayashi"> N. Kobayashi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An important problem for the CaSO4/CaSO4･1/2H2O Chemical heat pump (CHP) is that the material is deactivated through repetitive reaction between hydration and dehydration in which the crystal phase of the material is transformed from III-CaSO4 to II-CaSO4. We investigated suppression on the phase change by adding a sulfated compound. The most effective material was MgSO4. MgSO4 doping increased the durability of CaSO4 in the actual CHP repetitive cycle of hydration/dehydration to 3.6 times that of undoped CaSO4. The MgSO4-doped CaSO4 showed a higher phase transition temperature and activation energy for crystal transformation from III-CaSO4 to II-CaSO4. MgSO4 doping decreased the crystal lattice size of CaSO4･1/2H2O and II-CaSO4 to smaller than that of undoped CaSO4. Modification of the crystal structure is considered to be related to the durability change in CaSO4 resulting from MgSO4 doping. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CaSO4" title="CaSO4">CaSO4</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20heat%20pump" title=" chemical heat pump"> chemical heat pump</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability%20of%20chemical%20heat%20storage%20material" title=" durability of chemical heat storage material"> durability of chemical heat storage material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20storage" title=" heat storage"> heat storage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25419/durability-enhancement-of-caso4-in-repetitive-operation-of-chemical-heat-pump" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25419.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">579</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">572</span> Factors Controlling Durability of Some Egyptian Non-Stylolitic Marbleized Limestone to Salt Weathering</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20El%20Shayab">H. El Shayab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20M.%20Kamh"> G. M. Kamh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20G.%20Abdel%20Ghafour"> N. G. Abdel Ghafour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20L.%20Abdel%20Latif"> M. L. Abdel Latif </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, marbleized limestone becomes one of the most important sources of the mineral wealth in Egypt as they have beautiful colors (white, grey, rose, yellow and creamy, etc.) make it very suitable for decoration purposes. Non-styolitic marbleized limestone which not contains styolitic surfaces. The current study aims to study different factors controlling durability of non-styolitic marbleized limestone against salt crystallization weathering. The achievement aim of the research was required nine representative samples were collected from the studied areas. Three samples from each of the studied areas. The studied samples was characterized by various instrumental methods before salt weathering, to determine its mineralogical composition, chemical composition and pore physical properties respectively. The obtained results revealed that both of Duwi and Delga studied samples nearly have the same average ∆M% 1.63 and 1.51 respectively and consequently A.I. stage of deformation. On the other hand, average ∆M% of Wata studied samples is 0.29 i.e. lower than two other studied areas. Wata studied samples are more durable against salt crystallization test than Duwi and Delga. The difference in salt crystallization durability may be resulted from one of the following factors: Microscopic textural effect as both of micrite and skeletal percent are in directly proportional to durability of stones to salt weathering. Dolomite mineral present as a secondary are in indirectly proportional to durability of stones to salt weathering. Increase in MgO% also associated with decrease the durability of studied samples against salt crystallization test. Finally, all factors affecting positively against salt crystallization test presents in Wadi Wata studied samples rather than others two areas. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marbleized%20limestone" title="marbleized limestone">marbleized limestone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=salt%20weathering" title=" salt weathering"> salt weathering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wata" title=" Wata"> Wata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=salt%20weathering" title=" salt weathering"> salt weathering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11044/factors-controlling-durability-of-some-egyptian-non-stylolitic-marbleized-limestone-to-salt-weathering" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11044.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">327</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">571</span> Characteristics and Durability Evaluation of Air Spring</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chang%20Su%20Woo">Chang Su Woo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyun%20Sung%20Park"> Hyun Sung Park</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Air spring system is widely accepted for railway vehicle secondary suspension to reduce and absorb the vibration and noise. The low natural frequency ensures a comfortable ride and an invariably good stiffness. In this paper, the characteristic and durability test was conducted in laboratory by using servo-hydraulic fatigue testing system to reliability evaluation of air spring for electric railway vehicle. The experimental results show that the characteristics and durability of domestically developed products are excellent. Moreover, to guarantee the adaption of air spring, the ride comfort and air pressure variation were measured in train test on subway line. Air spring developed by this study for railway vehicles can guarantee the reliability of average usage of 1 million times at 90% confidence level. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20spring" title="air spring">air spring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability" title=" reliability"> reliability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=railway" title=" railway"> railway</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service%20lifetime" title=" service lifetime"> service lifetime</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60068/characteristics-and-durability-evaluation-of-air-spring" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60068.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">476</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">570</span> Evaluation of the Durability of a Low Carbon Asphalt Pavement Containing Carbonated Aggregates in Extreme Weather Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ka-lok%20Kan">Ka-lok Kan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oluwatoyin%20Ajibade"> Oluwatoyin Ajibade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Issa%20Chaer"> Issa Chaer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Climate change’s extreme weather patterns significantly affect the durability and maintenance costs of existing asphalt Road Pavement Systems (RPS). Moreover, the current RPS imposes a considerable environmental burden, as its production involves the large-scale extraction of bitumen and the dredging of Virgin Sand and Gravel (VSG). Recent studies suggest that more sustainable alternatives, such as incorporating carbonated aggregates to reduce the use of virgin materials content in asphalt, can enhance asphalt performance while offering an effective cost management strategy. However, the impact of extreme weather conditions on the durability and maintenance requirements of these green solutions remains unexplored. This paper reports on the results of comprehensive durability tests conducted on a novel asphalt pavement to assess the effects of anticipated extreme winter and summer weather conditions. Preliminary findings indicate that the new asphalt pavement system made from carbonated aggregates demonstrates greater stability and fatigue resistance in comparison to traditional asphalt mixes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title="climate change">climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbonated%20aggregates" title=" carbonated aggregates"> carbonated aggregates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20solution" title=" green solution"> green solution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asphalt" title=" asphalt"> asphalt</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192433/evaluation-of-the-durability-of-a-low-carbon-asphalt-pavement-containing-carbonated-aggregates-in-extreme-weather-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192433.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">19</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">569</span> Study on the Strength and Durability Properties of Ternary Blended Concrete</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Athira%20Babu">Athira Babu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Nazeer"> M. Nazeer </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Concrete is the most common and versatile construction material used in any type of civil engineering structure. The durability and strength characteristics of concrete make it more desirable among any other construction materials. The manufacture and use of concrete produces wide range of environmental and social consequences. The major component in concrete, cement accounts for roughly 5 % of global CO2 emissions. In order to improve the environmental friendliness of concrete, suitable substitutes are added to concrete. The present study deals with GGBS and silica fume as supplementary cementitious materials. The strength and durability studies were conducted in this ternary blended concrete. Several mixes were adopted with varying percentages of Silica Fume i.e., 5%, 10% and 15%. Binary mix with 50% GGBS was also prepared. GGBS content has been kept constant for the rest of mixes. There is an improvement in compressive strength with addition of Silica Fume.Maximum workability, split tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, flexural strength and impact resistance are obtained for GGBS binary blend. For durability studies, maximum sulphate resistance,carbonation resistance andresistance to chloride ion penetration are obtained for ternary blended concrete. Partial replacement of GGBS and Silica Fume reduces the environmental effects, produces economical and eco-friendly concrete. The study showed that for strength characteristics, binary blended concrete showed better performance while for durability study ternary blend performed better. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete" title="concrete">concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GGBS" title=" GGBS"> GGBS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silica%20fume" title=" silica fume"> silica fume</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ternary%20blend" title=" ternary blend"> ternary blend</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19595/study-on-the-strength-and-durability-properties-of-ternary-blended-concrete" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19595.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">482</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">568</span> Effect of Leaks in Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells Tested for Durability under Co-Electrolysis Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Megha%20Rao">Megha Rao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S%C3%B8ren%20H.%20Jensen"> Søren H. Jensen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiufu%20Sun"> Xiufu Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anke%20Hagen"> Anke Hagen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mogens%20B.%20Mogensen"> Mogens B. Mogensen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Solid oxide electrolysis cells have an immense potential in converting CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O into syngas during co-electrolysis operation. The produced syngas can be further converted into hydrocarbons. This kind of technology is called power-to-gas or power-to-liquid. To produce hydrocarbons via this route, durability of the cells is still a challenge, which needs to be further investigated in order to improve the cells. In this work, various nickel-yttria stabilized zirconia (Ni-YSZ) fuel electrode supported or YSZ electrolyte supported cells, cerium gadolinium oxide (CGO) barrier layer, and an oxygen electrode are investigated for durability under co-electrolysis conditions in both galvanostatic and potentiostatic conditions. While changing the gas on the oxygen electrode, keeping the fuel electrode gas composition constant, a change in the gas concentration arc was observed by impedance spectroscopy. Measurements of open circuit potential revealed the presence of leaks in the setup. It is speculated that the change in concentration impedance may be related to the leaks. Furthermore, the cells were also tested under pressurized conditions to find an inter-play between the leak rate and the pressure. A mathematical modeling together with electrochemical and microscopy analysis is presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-electrolysis" title="co-electrolysis">co-electrolysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title=" durability"> durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaks" title=" leaks"> leaks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20concentration%20arc" title=" gas concentration arc"> gas concentration arc</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98653/effect-of-leaks-in-solid-oxide-electrolysis-cells-tested-for-durability-under-co-electrolysis-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98653.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">567</span> Mechanical Strengths of Self-Compacting Mortars Prepared with the Pozzolanic Cement in Aggressive Environments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Saidi">M. Saidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Djefour"> I. Djefour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Ait%20Medjber"> F. Ait Medjber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Melouane"> A. Melouane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Gacem"> A. Gacem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this research is to study the physical and mechanical properties and durability of self-compacting mortars prepared by substituting a part of cement up to a percentage of 30% pozzolan according to different Blaine specific surface area (SSB1=7000 cm<sup>2</sup>/g and SSB=9000 cm<sup>2</sup>/g)). Order to evaluate durability, mortars were subjected to chemical attacks in various aggressive environments, a solution of a mixture of nitric acid and ammonium nitrate (HNO<sub>3</sub> + NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub>) and a magnesium sulfate salt solution (MgSO<sub>4</sub>)) with a concentration of 10%, for a period of one month. This study is complemented by a comparative study of the durability of mortars elaborated with sulphate resistant cement (SRC). The results show that these mortars develop long-term, mechanical and chemical resistance better than mortars based Portland cement with 5% gypsum (CEM 1) and SRC. We found that the mass losses are lowest in mortars elaborated with pozzolanic cement (30% substitution with SSB<sub>2</sub>) in both of chemical attack solutions (3.28% in the solution acid and 1.16% in the salt solution) and the compressive strength gains of 14.68% and 8.5% respectively in the two media. This is due to the action of pozzolan which fixes portlandite to form hydrated calcium silicate (CSH) from the hydration of tricalcic silicate (C<sub>3</sub>S). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aggressive%20environments" title="aggressive environments">aggressive environments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title=" durability"> durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20strengths" title=" mechanical strengths"> mechanical strengths</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pozzolanic%20cement" title=" pozzolanic cement"> pozzolanic cement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-compacting%20mortar" title=" self-compacting mortar"> self-compacting mortar</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59732/mechanical-strengths-of-self-compacting-mortars-prepared-with-the-pozzolanic-cement-in-aggressive-environments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59732.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">235</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">566</span> The Effects of Various Curing Compounds on the Mechanical Characteristics of Roller Compacted Concrete Pavements (RCCP)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azadeh%20Askarinejad">Azadeh Askarinejad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parmida%20Hayati"> Parmida Hayati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parham%20Hayati"> Parham Hayati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Parchami"> Reza Parchami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Curing is a very important factor in the ultimate strength and durability of roller compacted concrete pavements (RCCP). Curing involves keeping the concrete is saturated or close to saturation point. Since maintaining concrete moisture has a significant impact on its mechanical properties, permeability and durability, curing is important. The most common procedure for curing of roller compacted concrete is using a white pigmented curing compound. This method is effective, economical and fast. In the present study, different curing compounds were applied on concrete specimens and the results of their effects on the mechanical properties were compared with each other and usual methods of curing in order to select appropriate materials and methods of curing for RCCP construction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curing%20compounds" title="curing compounds">curing compounds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=roller%20compacted%20concrete%20pavements" title=" roller compacted concrete pavements"> roller compacted concrete pavements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20properties" title=" mechanical properties"> mechanical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title=" durability "> durability </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19721/the-effects-of-various-curing-compounds-on-the-mechanical-characteristics-of-roller-compacted-concrete-pavements-rccp" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19721.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">622</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">565</span> Partial Replacement of Lateritic Soil with Crushed Rock Sand (Stone Dust) in Compressed Earth Brick Production</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20M.%20Jungudo">A. M. Jungudo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Lasan"> M. A. Lasan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Affordable housing has long been one of the basic necessities of life to man. The ever rising prices of building materials are one of the major causes of housing shortage in many developing countries. Breaching the gap of housing needs in developing countries like Nigeria is an awaiting task longing for attention. This is due to lack of research in the development of local materials that will suit the troubled economies of these countries. The use of earth material to meet the housing needs is a sustainable option and its material is freely available universally. However, people are doubtful of using the earth material due to its modest outlook and uncertain durability. This research aims at enhancing the durability of Compressed Earth Bricks (CEBs) using stone dust as a stabilizer. The result indicates that partial replacement of lateritic soil with stone dust at 30% improves its compressive strength along with abrasive resistance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earth%20construction" title="earth construction">earth construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title=" durability"> durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stone%20dust" title=" stone dust"> stone dust</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable" title=" sustainable"> sustainable</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113416/partial-replacement-of-lateritic-soil-with-crushed-rock-sand-stone-dust-in-compressed-earth-brick-production" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113416.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">131</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability.%20extractives&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability.%20extractives&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability.%20extractives&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability.%20extractives&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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