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Examination","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neurologic_Examination?f_ri=21408"},{"id":2722521,"name":"vitamin B","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/vitamin_B?f_ri=21408"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences?f_ri=21408"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=21408"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_48002833" data-work_id="48002833" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48002833/Prenatal_Lipid_Based_Nutrient_Supplements_Affect_Maternal_Anthropometric_Indicators_Only_in_Certain_Subgroups_of_Rural_Bangladeshi_Women">Prenatal Lipid-Based Nutrient Supplements Affect Maternal Anthropometric Indicators Only in Certain Subgroups of Rural Bangladeshi Women</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Maternal undernutrition and low macro- and micronutrient intake and weight gain during pregnancy have been reported in Bangladesh. We aimed to determine the effects of lipid-based nutrient supplements for pregnant and lactating women... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_48002833" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Maternal undernutrition and low macro- and micronutrient intake and weight gain during pregnancy have been reported in Bangladesh. We aimed to determine the effects of lipid-based nutrient supplements for pregnant and lactating women (LNS-PL) on weight gain and midupper arm circumference (MUAC) during pregnancy. The Rang-Din Nutrition Study, a cluster-randomized effectiveness trial conducted in Bangladesh, enrolled 4011 pregnant women at ≤20 wk gestation who received either 60 mg Fe + 400 μg folic acid/d or 20 g LNS-PL/d (118 kcal) containing essential fatty acids and vitamins and minerals until delivery. At 36 wk gestation, women were interviewed at home and then attended a follow-up examination at local clinics (n = 2877), where anthropometric measurements were taken. No significant differences between intervention groups in maternal weight gain per week, low weight gain per week, or MUAC at 36 wk gestation were observed in the full sample. However, among multiparous women aged ≥2...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/48002833" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="78f206ed7eab608473703cad8ee008fa" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66840692,"asset_id":48002833,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66840692/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMjI5NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="15408618" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RinaPaul">Rina Paul</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="15408618" type="text/json">{"id":15408618,"first_name":"Rina","last_name":"Paul","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RinaPaul","display_name":"Rina Paul","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RinaPaul?f_ri=21408","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_48002833 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="48002833"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 48002833, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_48002833", }); 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We aimed to determine the effects of lipid-based nutrient supplements for pregnant and lactating women (LNS-PL) on weight gain and midupper arm circumference (MUAC) during pregnancy. The Rang-Din Nutrition Study, a cluster-randomized effectiveness trial conducted in Bangladesh, enrolled 4011 pregnant women at ≤20 wk gestation who received either 60 mg Fe + 400 μg folic acid/d or 20 g LNS-PL/d (118 kcal) containing essential fatty acids and vitamins and minerals until delivery. At 36 wk gestation, women were interviewed at home and then attended a follow-up examination at local clinics (n = 2877), where anthropometric measurements were taken. No significant differences between intervention groups in maternal weight gain per week, low weight gain per week, or MUAC at 36 wk gestation were observed in the full sample. However, among multiparous women aged ≥2...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66840692,"asset_id":48002833,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":15408618,"first_name":"Rina","last_name":"Paul","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RinaPaul","display_name":"Rina Paul","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RinaPaul?f_ri=21408","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":591,"name":"Nutrition and Dietetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nutrition_and_Dietetics?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false},{"id":18895,"name":"Bangladesh","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bangladesh?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false},{"id":21408,"name":"Folic acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folic_acid?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false},{"id":29980,"name":"Animal Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Production?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false},{"id":35580,"name":"Micronutrients","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Micronutrients?f_ri=21408"},{"id":62550,"name":"Pregnancy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pregnancy?f_ri=21408"},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=21408"},{"id":98925,"name":"Female","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Female?f_ri=21408"},{"id":131237,"name":"Cluster Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cluster_Analysis?f_ri=21408"},{"id":152562,"name":"Dietary Supplements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dietary_Supplements?f_ri=21408"},{"id":158597,"name":"Iron","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iron?f_ri=21408"},{"id":469105,"name":"Retrospective Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retrospective_Studies?f_ri=21408"},{"id":573653,"name":"Food 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class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27302205/Use_of_a_microbiological_assay_with_tri_enzyme_extraction_for_measurement_of_pre_fortification_levels_of_folates_in_enriched_cereal_grain_products">Use of a microbiological assay with tri-enzyme extraction for measurement of pre-fortification levels of folates in enriched cereal-grain products</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/27302205" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a 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() { var workId = 27302205; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_27302205"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_27302205 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27302205"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27302205; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27302205]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_27302205").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_27302205").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="27302205"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16137" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Chemistry">Food Chemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16137" type="text/json">{"id":16137,"name":"Food Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Chemistry?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21408" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folic_acid">Folic acid</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21408" type="text/json">{"id":21408,"name":"Folic 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pre-fortification levels of folates in enriched cereal-grain products","created_at":"2016-07-27T05:06:39.646-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/27302205/Use_of_a_microbiological_assay_with_tri_enzyme_extraction_for_measurement_of_pre_fortification_levels_of_folates_in_enriched_cereal_grain_products?f_ri=21408","dom_id":"work_27302205","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47560376,"asset_id":27302205,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":51409820,"first_name":"Jeanne","last_name":"Rader","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JeanneRader","display_name":"Jeanne Rader","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JeanneRader?f_ri=21408","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":16137,"name":"Food Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Chemistry?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false},{"id":21408,"name":"Folic 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href="https://www.academia.edu/10323731/Reduced_Folate_Carrier_Tissue_Distribution_and_Effects_of_Chronic_Ethanol_Intake_in_the_Micropig">Reduced Folate Carrier: Tissue Distribution and Effects of Chronic Ethanol Intake in the Micropig</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Background: Folate deficiency is common in alcoholic patients, in part due to abnormal transport across membranes relevant to folate homeostasis. The reduced folate carrier (RFC) transports monoglutamyl folates across tissue membranes and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10323731" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Background: Folate deficiency is common in alcoholic patients, in part due to abnormal transport across membranes relevant to folate homeostasis. The reduced folate carrier (RFC) transports monoglutamyl folates across tissue membranes and could be affected by chronic exposure to ethanol. The micropig model is suitable to study the effect of alcoholism on RFC and folate transport across membranes.Methods: The membrane transport of [3H]-folic acid was measured by a vacuum filtration method in jejunal brush border (JBB), liver plasma membrane (LPM), and kidney brush border (KBB) membranes vesicles from micropigs fed control or 40% ethanol diets for 12 months. RFC transcripts were analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in jejunal mucosa, liver, and kidney from the same animals.Results: When we compared results from three relevant membranes in control animals, the transport of [3H]-folic acid was highest in LPM, 3-fold lower in KBB (p < 0.001), and 6-fold lower in JBB (p < 0.001). The concentration of RFC transcripts per total RNA was greatest in liver, followed by kidney and jejunum. The transport of [3H]-folic acid by JBB vesicles from chronic ethanol-fed animals exhibited 2-fold lower Km and Vmax (p < 0.05), whereas there was no ethanol effect on the Vmax of [3H]-folic acid transport by LPM or KBB. RFC transcript levels were 10-fold lower in jejunal mucosa from ethanol-fed animals than in control-fed animals (p < 0.005).Conclusions: Although our findings demonstrate different RFC transcript amounts and transport efficiencies among tissues, the present studies suggest that chronic ethanol exposure decreases the intestinal absorption of folic acid by altering the expression of RFC and consequently its transport kinetics in JBB. These findings provide a mechanism for the clinical finding of reduced folic acid absorption in chronic alcoholics.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10323731" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="736bf5830b331be28b9ffb8fa41a0bd9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47438900,"asset_id":10323731,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47438900/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMjI5NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="25307938" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JesusVillanueva6">Jesus Villanueva</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="25307938" type="text/json">{"id":25307938,"first_name":"Jesus","last_name":"Villanueva","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JesusVillanueva6","display_name":"Jesus Villanueva","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JesusVillanueva6?f_ri=21408","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/25307938/6921090/7807171/s65_jesus.villanueva.jpg_oh_80fd52b268585457b64b797137d5884b_oe_555cf2b2___gda___1431622071_3dc2c14e4331510a9d0000dd4aa90d08"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10323731 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10323731"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10323731, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10323731", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=10323731]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_10323731").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_10323731").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="10323731"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11298" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Membrane_Proteins">Membrane Proteins</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11298" type="text/json">{"id":11298,"name":"Membrane Proteins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Membrane_Proteins?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21408" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folic_acid">Folic acid</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21408" type="text/json">{"id":21408,"name":"Folic acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folic_acid?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="71294" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kidney">Kidney</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="71294" type="text/json">{"id":71294,"name":"Kidney","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kidney?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=10323731]'), work: {"id":10323731,"title":"Reduced Folate Carrier: Tissue Distribution and Effects of Chronic Ethanol Intake in the Micropig","created_at":"2015-01-25T07:43:53.836-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10323731/Reduced_Folate_Carrier_Tissue_Distribution_and_Effects_of_Chronic_Ethanol_Intake_in_the_Micropig?f_ri=21408","dom_id":"work_10323731","summary":"Background: Folate deficiency is common in alcoholic patients, in part due to abnormal transport across membranes relevant to folate homeostasis. The reduced folate carrier (RFC) transports monoglutamyl folates across tissue membranes and could be affected by chronic exposure to ethanol. The micropig model is suitable to study the effect of alcoholism on RFC and folate transport across membranes.Methods: The membrane transport of [3H]-folic acid was measured by a vacuum filtration method in jejunal brush border (JBB), liver plasma membrane (LPM), and kidney brush border (KBB) membranes vesicles from micropigs fed control or 40% ethanol diets for 12 months. RFC transcripts were analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in jejunal mucosa, liver, and kidney from the same animals.Results: When we compared results from three relevant membranes in control animals, the transport of [3H]-folic acid was highest in LPM, 3-fold lower in KBB (p \u003c 0.001), and 6-fold lower in JBB (p \u003c 0.001). The concentration of RFC transcripts per total RNA was greatest in liver, followed by kidney and jejunum. The transport of [3H]-folic acid by JBB vesicles from chronic ethanol-fed animals exhibited 2-fold lower Km and Vmax (p \u003c 0.05), whereas there was no ethanol effect on the Vmax of [3H]-folic acid transport by LPM or KBB. RFC transcript levels were 10-fold lower in jejunal mucosa from ethanol-fed animals than in control-fed animals (p \u003c 0.005).Conclusions: Although our findings demonstrate different RFC transcript amounts and transport efficiencies among tissues, the present studies suggest that chronic ethanol exposure decreases the intestinal absorption of folic acid by altering the expression of RFC and consequently its transport kinetics in JBB. These findings provide a mechanism for the clinical finding of reduced folic acid absorption in chronic alcoholics.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47438900,"asset_id":10323731,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":25307938,"first_name":"Jesus","last_name":"Villanueva","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JesusVillanueva6","display_name":"Jesus Villanueva","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JesusVillanueva6?f_ri=21408","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/25307938/6921090/7807171/s65_jesus.villanueva.jpg_oh_80fd52b268585457b64b797137d5884b_oe_555cf2b2___gda___1431622071_3dc2c14e4331510a9d0000dd4aa90d08"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false},{"id":11298,"name":"Membrane Proteins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Membrane_Proteins?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false},{"id":21408,"name":"Folic 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href="https://www.academia.edu/73140618/A_candidate_gene_study_of_one_carbon_metabolism_pathway_genes_and_colorectal_cancer_risk">A candidate gene study of one-carbon metabolism pathway genes and colorectal cancer risk</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) may be influenced by aberrant DNA methylation and altered nucleotide synthesis and repair, possibly caused by impaired dietary folate intake as well as by polymorphic variants in one-carbon metabolism... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_73140618" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) may be influenced by aberrant DNA methylation and altered nucleotide synthesis and repair, possibly caused by impaired dietary folate intake as well as by polymorphic variants in one-carbon metabolism genes. A case–control study using seventy-one CRC patients and eighty unrelated healthy controls was carried out to assess the genetic association of fifteen SNP and one insertion in nine genes belonging to the folate pathway. Polymorphism selection was based on literature data, and included those which have a known or suspected functional impact on cancer and missense polymorphisms that are most likely to alter protein function. Genotyping was performed by real-time PCR and PCR followed by restriction analysis. The likelihood ratio statistic indicated that most of the polymorphisms were not associated with the risk of CRC. However, an increased risk of CRC was observed for two variant alleles of SNP mapping on the transcobalamin 2 gene (TCN2): C776G...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/73140618" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="09e15349760cd1763d8c41b94dc1b1c6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":81776902,"asset_id":73140618,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81776902/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMjI5NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="60556337" href="https://independent.academia.edu/IsaccoMontroni">Isacco Montroni</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="60556337" type="text/json">{"id":60556337,"first_name":"Isacco","last_name":"Montroni","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IsaccoMontroni","display_name":"Isacco Montroni","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IsaccoMontroni?f_ri=21408","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_73140618 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="73140618"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 73140618, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_73140618", }); 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A case–control study using seventy-one CRC patients and eighty unrelated healthy controls was carried out to assess the genetic association of fifteen SNP and one insertion in nine genes belonging to the folate pathway. Polymorphism selection was based on literature data, and included those which have a known or suspected functional impact on cancer and missense polymorphisms that are most likely to alter protein function. Genotyping was performed by real-time PCR and PCR followed by restriction analysis. The likelihood ratio statistic indicated that most of the polymorphisms were not associated with the risk of CRC. 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href="https://www.academia.edu/72110783/Relation_between_folate_status_a_common_mutation_in_methylenetetrahydrofolate_reductase_and_plasma_homocysteine_concentrations">Relation between folate status, a common mutation in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, and plasma homocysteine concentrations</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">From the Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Mass (PFJ, AGB, IHR, JS); the NHLBI Family Heart Study, University of Utah Cardiovascular Genetics Research Clinic, Salt Lake City (RRW); the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_72110783" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">From the Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Mass (PFJ, AGB, IHR, JS); the NHLBI Family Heart Study, University of Utah Cardiovascular Genetics Research Clinic, Salt Lake City (RRW); the NHLBI Family Heart Study, ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/72110783" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f7fd7084ca663452c20cbb8f4cc4ffe1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":81172203,"asset_id":72110783,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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Ventricles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heart_Ventricles?f_ri=21408"},{"id":2722523,"name":"vitamin b complex","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/vitamin_b_complex?f_ri=21408"},{"id":3789883,"name":"Paediatrics and reproductive medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paediatrics_and_reproductive_medicine?f_ri=21408"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_49372711" data-work_id="49372711" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49372711/A_randomised_trial_in_Mali_of_the_effectiveness_of_weekly_iron_supplements_given_by_teachers_on_the_haemoglobin_concentrations_of_schoolchildren">A randomised trial in Mali of the effectiveness of weekly iron supplements given by teachers on the haemoglobin concentrations of schoolchildren</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/49372711" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="74e300e58147497c3b30a5d4489316bf" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67745920,"asset_id":49372711,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="49372711"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2086" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Health_Nutrition">Public Health Nutrition</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2086" type="text/json">{"id":2086,"name":"Public Health Nutrition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Health_Nutrition?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16288" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Health">Public Health</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16288" type="text/json">{"id":16288,"name":"Public Health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Health?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21408" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folic_acid">Folic acid</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21408" type="text/json">{"id":21408,"name":"Folic acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folic_acid?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22506" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent">Adolescent</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="22506" type="text/json">{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=49372711]'), work: {"id":49372711,"title":"A randomised trial in Mali of the effectiveness of weekly iron supplements given by teachers on the haemoglobin concentrations of schoolchildren","created_at":"2021-06-25T15:14:26.613-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/49372711/A_randomised_trial_in_Mali_of_the_effectiveness_of_weekly_iron_supplements_given_by_teachers_on_the_haemoglobin_concentrations_of_schoolchildren?f_ri=21408","dom_id":"work_49372711","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67745920,"asset_id":49372711,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":194595652,"first_name":"Idrissa","last_name":"Toure","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IdrissaToure4","display_name":"Idrissa Toure","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IdrissaToure4?f_ri=21408","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/194595652/57071665/45285393/s65_idrissa.toure.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2086,"name":"Public Health Nutrition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Health_Nutrition?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false},{"id":16288,"name":"Public Health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Health?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false},{"id":21408,"name":"Folic acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folic_acid?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false},{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false},{"id":49610,"name":"Schools","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Schools?f_ri=21408"},{"id":52869,"name":"Mali","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mali?f_ri=21408"},{"id":62145,"name":"Faculty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Faculty?f_ri=21408"},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=21408"},{"id":64933,"name":"Child","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child?f_ri=21408"},{"id":98925,"name":"Female","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Female?f_ri=21408"},{"id":111545,"name":"Male","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Male?f_ri=21408"},{"id":152562,"name":"Dietary Supplements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dietary_Supplements?f_ri=21408"},{"id":158597,"name":"Iron","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iron?f_ri=21408"},{"id":194055,"name":"Randomised Controlled Trial","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Randomised_Controlled_Trial?f_ri=21408"},{"id":317051,"name":"School Children","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/School_Children?f_ri=21408"},{"id":382075,"name":"Adult","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult?f_ri=21408"},{"id":653722,"name":"Rural Community","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rural_Community?f_ri=21408"},{"id":989633,"name":"Iron Deficiency Anemia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iron_Deficiency_Anemia?f_ri=21408"},{"id":1311261,"name":"Hemoglobins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hemoglobins?f_ri=21408"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=21408"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44966476 coauthored" data-work_id="44966476" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44966476/Impact_of_In_Ovo_Injection_of_Folic_Acid_and_Glucose_on_Hatchability_and_Post_Hatching_Performance_of_Broiler_Chicken">Impact of In-Ovo Injection of Folic Acid and Glucose on Hatchability, and Post-Hatching Performance of Broiler Chicken</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The present study was designed to investigate the impact of in-ovo injection of folic acid and glucose on hatching eggs from 55 weeks old broiler breeders. A total number of 900 hatching eggs were collected from Arbor Acres broiler... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44966476" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The present study was designed to investigate the impact of in-ovo injection of folic acid and glucose on hatching eggs from 55 weeks old broiler breeders. A total number of 900 hatching eggs were collected from Arbor Acres broiler breeders, then, eggs were divided into 6 groups including 1) Negative Control (non-injected, NC), 2) Dry Punch Control (pricked without injecting any solution, DPC), 3) Positive Control (eggs were injected with 0.5 mL normal saline, PC), 4) Folic Acid group (eggs were injected with 0.2 mg/ egg folic acid, FA), 5) Glucose group (eggs were injected with 125 mg/ egg glucose, Glu), and 6) Folic Acid with Glucose group (eggs were injected with 0.2 mg folic acid with 125 mg/ egg glucose, FA+Glu). Each treatment was divided into five replicates of 30 eggs each. Eggs were injected into the albumen under the air sac. After in-ovo injection, the eggs were stored for four days before hatching. After hatching, the chickens were reared in groups according to the treatments. All treatments were divided into 10 replications of 9 chickens in each. In-ovo injection with folic acid decreased the albumen pH significantly to 9.19 after 4 days of injection, while the negative control was 9.43. Hatching quality was severely affected by all in-ovo injection treatments, but no significant differences were found between the treatment groups concerning the hatchability of fertile eggs. Injection treatments had no significant effect on the growth rate or the production number in any of the weeks. Injection of folic acid and (FA+Glu) significantly increased chickens' body weight at two and four weeks of age. Also, the dressing percentage when using folic acid and (FA+Glu) was significantly increased to 72.1% and 72.5%, respectively, compared to the positive control group (68.3%). In conclusion, our data suggested that in-ovo injection with a mixture of folic acid and glucose (0.2 mg folic acid+ 125 mg/ egg glucose) could be used to enhance carcass characteristics. Further studies should be conducted to find the effects of in-ovo injection folic acid and glucose on different incubation days and at different sites of injection.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44966476" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a16952a949438016fb4eb7666fbf4c16" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65500467,"asset_id":44966476,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65500467/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMjI5NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="45017656" href="https://independent.academia.edu/WorldsVeterinaryJournalEditor">World's Veterinary Journal Editor</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="45017656" type="text/json">{"id":45017656,"first_name":"World's Veterinary Journal","last_name":"Editor","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"WorldsVeterinaryJournalEditor","display_name":"World's Veterinary Journal Editor","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/WorldsVeterinaryJournalEditor?f_ri=21408","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/45017656/11949903/13315559/s65_world_s_veterinary_journal.editor.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-44966476">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-44966476"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/AmalAhmedAbdelHalim">Amal Ahmed Abdel-Halim</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-44966476'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-44966476').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_44966476 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44966476"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44966476; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44966476]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44966476").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44966476").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44966476"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21408" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folic_acid">Folic acid</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21408" type="text/json">{"id":21408,"name":"Folic acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folic_acid?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="92684" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chicken">Chicken</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="92684" type="text/json">{"id":92684,"name":"Chicken","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chicken?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1211300" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Broiler">Broiler</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1211300" type="text/json">{"id":1211300,"name":"Broiler","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Broiler?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44966476]'), work: {"id":44966476,"title":"Impact of In-Ovo Injection of Folic Acid and Glucose on Hatchability, and Post-Hatching Performance of Broiler Chicken","created_at":"2021-01-24T07:18:53.278-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44966476/Impact_of_In_Ovo_Injection_of_Folic_Acid_and_Glucose_on_Hatchability_and_Post_Hatching_Performance_of_Broiler_Chicken?f_ri=21408","dom_id":"work_44966476","summary":"The present study was designed to investigate the impact of in-ovo injection of folic acid and glucose on hatching eggs from 55 weeks old broiler breeders. A total number of 900 hatching eggs were collected from Arbor Acres broiler breeders, then, eggs were divided into 6 groups including 1) Negative Control (non-injected, NC), 2) Dry Punch Control (pricked without injecting any solution, DPC), 3) Positive Control (eggs were injected with 0.5 mL normal saline, PC), 4) Folic Acid group (eggs were injected with 0.2 mg/ egg folic acid, FA), 5) Glucose group (eggs were injected with 125 mg/ egg glucose, Glu), and 6) Folic Acid with Glucose group (eggs were injected with 0.2 mg folic acid with 125 mg/ egg glucose, FA+Glu). Each treatment was divided into five replicates of 30 eggs each. Eggs were injected into the albumen under the air sac. After in-ovo injection, the eggs were stored for four days before hatching. After hatching, the chickens were reared in groups according to the treatments. All treatments were divided into 10 replications of 9 chickens in each. In-ovo injection with folic acid decreased the albumen pH significantly to 9.19 after 4 days of injection, while the negative control was 9.43. Hatching quality was severely affected by all in-ovo injection treatments, but no significant differences were found between the treatment groups concerning the hatchability of fertile eggs. Injection treatments had no significant effect on the growth rate or the production number in any of the weeks. Injection of folic acid and (FA+Glu) significantly increased chickens' body weight at two and four weeks of age. Also, the dressing percentage when using folic acid and (FA+Glu) was significantly increased to 72.1% and 72.5%, respectively, compared to the positive control group (68.3%). In conclusion, our data suggested that in-ovo injection with a mixture of folic acid and glucose (0.2 mg folic acid+ 125 mg/ egg glucose) could be used to enhance carcass characteristics. Further studies should be conducted to find the effects of in-ovo injection folic acid and glucose on different incubation days and at different sites of injection.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65500467,"asset_id":44966476,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":45017656,"first_name":"World's Veterinary Journal","last_name":"Editor","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"WorldsVeterinaryJournalEditor","display_name":"World's Veterinary Journal Editor","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/WorldsVeterinaryJournalEditor?f_ri=21408","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/45017656/11949903/13315559/s65_world_s_veterinary_journal.editor.jpg"},{"id":184647367,"first_name":"Amal Ahmed","last_name":"Abdel-Halim","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AmalAhmedAbdelHalim","display_name":"Amal Ahmed Abdel-Halim","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AmalAhmedAbdelHalim?f_ri=21408","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":21408,"name":"Folic acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folic_acid?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false},{"id":92684,"name":"Chicken","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chicken?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false},{"id":1211300,"name":"Broiler","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Broiler?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41275993" data-work_id="41275993" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41275993/Hematologic_abnormalities_in_adolescents_who_take_oral_contraceptive_pills">Hematologic abnormalities in adolescents who take oral contraceptive pills</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41275993" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4346728cf6bf6f79b822af86dd8c90ae" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61495269,"asset_id":41275993,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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Emans","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SebastianEmans?f_ri=21408","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41275993 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41275993"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41275993, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41275993", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_41275993 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41275993; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_41275993"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_41275993 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="41275993"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41275993; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41275993]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_41275993").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_41275993").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent">Adolescent</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="22506" type="text/json">{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="64568" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans">Humans</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="64568" type="text/json">{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=41275993]'), work: {"id":41275993,"title":"Hematologic abnormalities in adolescents who take oral contraceptive 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acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folic_acid?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false},{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false},{"id":64933,"name":"Child","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Child?f_ri=21408"},{"id":98925,"name":"Female","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Female?f_ri=21408"},{"id":2689645,"name":"folic acid deficiency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/folic_acid_deficiency?f_ri=21408"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_885018" data-work_id="885018" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/885018/Low_folate_status_is_associated_with_impaired_cognitive_function_and_dementia_in_the_Sacramento_Area_Latino_Study_on_Aging">Low folate status is associated with impaired cognitive function and dementia in the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/885018" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e895a2251d726568507192b40d0d8a48" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51188887,"asset_id":885018,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51188887/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMjI5NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="159539" href="https://ucdavis.academia.edu/JoshuaMiller">Joshua Miller</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="159539" 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window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_885018"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_885018 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="885018"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 885018; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=885018]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_885018").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_885018").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="885018"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3662" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dementia">Dementia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3662" type="text/json">{"id":3662,"name":"Dementia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dementia?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6791" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aging">Aging</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6791" type="text/json">{"id":6791,"name":"Aging","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aging?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21408" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folic_acid">Folic acid</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="21408" type="text/json">{"id":21408,"name":"Folic acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folic_acid?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=885018]'), work: {"id":885018,"title":"Low folate status is associated with impaired cognitive function and dementia in the Sacramento 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type="text/json">{"id":4553,"name":"Toxicology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Toxicology?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8863" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Migration">Cell Migration</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8863" type="text/json">{"id":8863,"name":"Cell Migration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Migration?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21408" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folic_acid">Folic acid</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21408" type="text/json">{"id":21408,"name":"Folic acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folic_acid?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="92680" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/cyclic_AMP">cyclic AMP</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="92680" 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u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/59252336/Intake_of_niacin_folate_vitamin_B_6_and_vitamin_B_12_through_young_adulthood_and_cognitive_function_in_midlife_the_Coronary_Artery_Risk_Development_in_Young_Adults_CARDIA_study">Intake of niacin, folate, vitamin B-6, and vitamin B-12 through young adulthood and cognitive function in midlife: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Background: Epidemiologic evidence regarding niacin, folate, vitamin B-6, and vitamin B-12 intake in relation to cognitive function is limited, especially in midlife.Objective: We hypothesize that higher intake of these B vitamins in... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_59252336" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Background: Epidemiologic evidence regarding niacin, folate, vitamin B-6, and vitamin B-12 intake in relation to cognitive function is limited, especially in midlife.Objective: We hypothesize that higher intake of these B vitamins in young adulthood is associated with better cognition later in life.Design: This study comprised a community-based multicenter cohort of black and white men and women aged 18-30 y in 1985-1986 (year 0, i.e., baseline) from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study (n = 3136). We examined participants&#39; CARDIA diet history at years 0, 7, and 20 to assess nutrient intake, including dietary and supplemental B vitamins. We measured cognitive function at year 25 (mean ± SD age: 50 ± 4 y) through the use of the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) for verbal memory, the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) for psychomotor speed, and a modified Stroop interference test for executive function. Higher RAVLT and DSST scores and a ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/59252336" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="43a345d46c81543c2e4447fadea229c5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":73270555,"asset_id":59252336,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73270555/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMjI5NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3131205" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PengchengXun">Pengcheng Xun</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3131205" type="text/json">{"id":3131205,"first_name":"Pengcheng","last_name":"Xun","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PengchengXun","display_name":"Pengcheng Xun","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PengchengXun?f_ri=21408","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3131205/1029261/1286129/s65_pengcheng.xun.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_59252336 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="59252336"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 59252336, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_59252336", }); 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itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="207942" href="https://qub.academia.edu/IanYoung">Ian Young</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="207942" type="text/json">{"id":207942,"first_name":"Ian","last_name":"Young","domain_name":"qub","page_name":"IanYoung","display_name":"Ian Young","profile_url":"https://qub.academia.edu/IanYoung?f_ri=21408","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/207942/48285/44449/s65_ian.young.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_2338986 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="2338986"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 2338986, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_2338986", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_2338986 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span 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class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">An essential step in the discovery of molecular mechanisms contributing to disease phenotypes and efficient experimental planning is the development of weighted hypotheses that estimate the functional effects of sequence variants... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_15852795" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">An essential step in the discovery of molecular mechanisms contributing to disease phenotypes and efficient experimental planning is the development of weighted hypotheses that estimate the functional effects of sequence variants discovered by high-throughput genomics. With the increasing specialization of the bioinformatics resources, creating analytical workflows that seamlessly integrate data and bioinformatics tools developed by multiple groups becomes inevitable. Here we present a case study of a use of the distributed analytical environment integrating four complementary specialized resources, namely the Lynx platform, VISTA RViewer, the Developmental Brain Disorders Database (DBDB), and the RaptorX server, for the identification of high-confidence candidate genes contributing to pathogenesis of spina bifida. The analysis resulted in prediction and validation of deleterious mutations in the SLC19A placental transporter in mothers of the affected children that causes narrowing ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/15852795" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a5ecd92746fc38d177d7ca1518c7aa12" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42854280,"asset_id":15852795,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42854280/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMjI5NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="35033877" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PaulDave1">Paul Dave</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="35033877" type="text/json">{"id":35033877,"first_name":"Paul","last_name":"Dave","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PaulDave1","display_name":"Paul Dave","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PaulDave1?f_ri=21408","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-15852795">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-15852795"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/NataliaMaltsev">Natalia Maltsev</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-15852795'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-15852795').html(); 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class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Deficiencies of micronutrients (zinc, iron, folic acid and iodine) during pregnancy are known causes of Low Birth Weight (LBW). Studies have documented status of one or two micronutrients amongst pregnant women (PW). However, no attempt... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5438098" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Deficiencies of micronutrients (zinc, iron, folic acid and iodine) during pregnancy are known causes of Low Birth Weight (LBW). Studies have documented status of one or two micronutrients amongst pregnant women (PW). However, no attempt has been made to concurrently assess the prevalence of multiple micronutrient deficiencies and the factors associated with them amongst PW.Objective: The present study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of multiple micronutrient deficiencies amongst PW in a rural area.Methods: A community based cross sectional survey was conducted in six villages of a rural area of district Faridabad in Haryana state, India during November 2000 and October 2001. All PW aged 18 years or more, with pregnancy duration of more than 28 weeks were enrolled. Data were collected on socio-economic status and other demographic parameters. Serum zinc, copper and magnesium levels were estimated by utilizing the Atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS); serum ferritin and folate was estimated by Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA) method and the Radio-lmmuno Assay (RIA) method, respectively and serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level was estimated by the Abbot AxSYM System. Serum zinc, copper, magnesium, ferritin, and folate levels less than 70.0 μg/dl, 80.0 μg/dl, 1.80 mg/dl, 15 ng/ml, and 3 ng/ml, respectively were considered as indicative of deficiency for respective micronutrients. The TSH levels of 4.670 and more indicated iodine deficiency status. Dietary intake of micronutrients was assessed utilizing 1-day 24-hour dietary recall methodology. Food consumption pattern was assessed utilizing the food frequency questionnaire methodology.Results: Nearly 73.5, 2.7, 43.6, 73.4, 26.3, and 6.4 percent PW were deficient in zinc, copper, magnesium, iron, folic acid and iodine, respectively. The highest concurrent prevalence of two, three, four and five micronutrient deficiency was of zinc and iron (54.9%); zinc, magnesium and iron (25.6%); zinc, magnesium, iron and folic acid (9.3%) and zinc, magnesium, iron, folic acid and iodine (0.8%), respectively. No pregnant woman was found to have concomitant deficiencies of all the six micronutrients. Dietary intake data revealed an inadequate nutrient intake. Over 19% PW were consuming less than 50% of the recommended calories. Similarly, 99, 86.2, 75.4, 23.6, 3.9 percent of the PW were consuming less than 50% of the recommended folic acid, zinc, iron, copper, and magnesium. The consumption of food groups rich in micronutrients (pulses, vegetables, fruits, nuts and oil seeds, animal foods) was infrequent. Univariate and Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that low dietary intake of nutrients, low frequency of consumption of food groups rich in micronutrients and increased reproductive cycles with short interpregnancy intervals were important factors leading to micronutrient deficiencies.Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies amongst the PW of the area, possibly due to the poor dietary intake of food and low frequency of consumption of food groups rich in micronutrients. The concurrent prevalence of two, three, four and five micronutrient deficiencies were common.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5438098" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1e9eb6747f87880e71356eca4065d222" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49293214,"asset_id":5438098,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49293214/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMjI5NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7616676" href="https://independent.academia.edu/preetiguptanowpreetisingh">preeti gupta now preeti singh</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7616676" type="text/json">{"id":7616676,"first_name":"preeti","last_name":"gupta now preeti singh","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"preetiguptanowpreetisingh","display_name":"preeti gupta now preeti singh","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/preetiguptanowpreetisingh?f_ri=21408","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5438098 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5438098"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5438098, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5438098", }); 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Studies have documented status of one or two micronutrients amongst pregnant women (PW). However, no attempt has been made to concurrently assess the prevalence of multiple micronutrient deficiencies and the factors associated with them amongst PW.Objective: The present study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of multiple micronutrient deficiencies amongst PW in a rural area.Methods: A community based cross sectional survey was conducted in six villages of a rural area of district Faridabad in Haryana state, India during November 2000 and October 2001. All PW aged 18 years or more, with pregnancy duration of more than 28 weeks were enrolled. Data were collected on socio-economic status and other demographic parameters. Serum zinc, copper and magnesium levels were estimated by utilizing the Atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS); serum ferritin and folate was estimated by Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA) method and the Radio-lmmuno Assay (RIA) method, respectively and serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level was estimated by the Abbot AxSYM System. Serum zinc, copper, magnesium, ferritin, and folate levels less than 70.0 μg/dl, 80.0 μg/dl, 1.80 mg/dl, 15 ng/ml, and 3 ng/ml, respectively were considered as indicative of deficiency for respective micronutrients. The TSH levels of 4.670 and more indicated iodine deficiency status. Dietary intake of micronutrients was assessed utilizing 1-day 24-hour dietary recall methodology. Food consumption pattern was assessed utilizing the food frequency questionnaire methodology.Results: Nearly 73.5, 2.7, 43.6, 73.4, 26.3, and 6.4 percent PW were deficient in zinc, copper, magnesium, iron, folic acid and iodine, respectively. The highest concurrent prevalence of two, three, four and five micronutrient deficiency was of zinc and iron (54.9%); zinc, magnesium and iron (25.6%); zinc, magnesium, iron and folic acid (9.3%) and zinc, magnesium, iron, folic acid and iodine (0.8%), respectively. No pregnant woman was found to have concomitant deficiencies of all the six micronutrients. Dietary intake data revealed an inadequate nutrient intake. Over 19% PW were consuming less than 50% of the recommended calories. Similarly, 99, 86.2, 75.4, 23.6, 3.9 percent of the PW were consuming less than 50% of the recommended folic acid, zinc, iron, copper, and magnesium. The consumption of food groups rich in micronutrients (pulses, vegetables, fruits, nuts and oil seeds, animal foods) was infrequent. Univariate and Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that low dietary intake of nutrients, low frequency of consumption of food groups rich in micronutrients and increased reproductive cycles with short interpregnancy intervals were important factors leading to micronutrient deficiencies.Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies amongst the PW of the area, possibly due to the poor dietary intake of food and low frequency of consumption of food groups rich in micronutrients. The concurrent prevalence of two, three, four and five micronutrient deficiencies were common.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49293214,"asset_id":5438098,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7616676,"first_name":"preeti","last_name":"gupta now preeti singh","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"preetiguptanowpreetisingh","display_name":"preeti gupta now preeti singh","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/preetiguptanowpreetisingh?f_ri=21408","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9815,"name":"Developing Countries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Developing_Countries?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false},{"id":16664,"name":"Risk assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_assessment?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false},{"id":21408,"name":"Folic 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Biochemistry">Clinical Biochemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14034" type="text/json">{"id":14034,"name":"Clinical Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Biochemistry?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14292" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxidative_Stress">Oxidative Stress</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14292" type="text/json">{"id":14292,"name":"Oxidative Stress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxidative_Stress?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21408" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folic_acid">Folic acid</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21408" type="text/json">{"id":21408,"name":"Folic acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folic_acid?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" 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Acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ascorbic_Acid?f_ri=21408"},{"id":382075,"name":"Adult","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult?f_ri=21408"},{"id":709300,"name":"Trace element","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trace_element?f_ri=21408"},{"id":1205573,"name":"Tocopherols","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tocopherols?f_ri=21408"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_60392681" data-work_id="60392681" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/60392681/Biochemistry_of_homocysteine_in_health_and_diseases">Biochemistry of homocysteine in health and diseases</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The amino acid homocysteine (Hcy), formed from methionine has profound importance in health and diseases. In normal circumstances, it is converted to cysteine and partly remethylated to methionine with the help of vit B12 and folate.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_60392681" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The amino acid homocysteine (Hcy), formed from methionine has profound importance in health and diseases. In normal circumstances, it is converted to cysteine and partly remethylated to methionine with the help of vit B12 and folate. However, when normal metabolism is disturbed, due to deficiency of cystathionine-beta-synthase, which requires vit B6 for activation, Hcy is accumulated in the blood with an increase of methionine, resulting into mental retardation (homocystinuria type I). A decrease of cysteine may cause eye diseases, due to decrease in the synthesis of glutathione (antioxidant). In homocystinurias type II, III and IV, there is accumulation of Hcy, but a decrease of methionine, thus, there is no mental retardation. Homocysteinemia is found in Marfan syndrome, some cases of type I diabetes and is also linked to smoking and has genetic basis too. In hyperhomocysteinemias (HHcys), clinical manifestations are mental retardation and seizures (type I only), ectopia lentis, s...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/60392681" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="447f795a14197425ab47be89824d0817" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":73859585,"asset_id":60392681,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73859585/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMjI5NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33093206" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NAngayarkanni">N. 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In normal circumstances, it is converted to cysteine and partly remethylated to methionine with the help of vit B12 and folate. However, when normal metabolism is disturbed, due to deficiency of cystathionine-beta-synthase, which requires vit B6 for activation, Hcy is accumulated in the blood with an increase of methionine, resulting into mental retardation (homocystinuria type I). A decrease of cysteine may cause eye diseases, due to decrease in the synthesis of glutathione (antioxidant). In homocystinurias type II, III and IV, there is accumulation of Hcy, but a decrease of methionine, thus, there is no mental retardation. Homocysteinemia is found in Marfan syndrome, some cases of type I diabetes and is also linked to smoking and has genetic basis too. In hyperhomocysteinemias (HHcys), clinical manifestations are mental retardation and seizures (type I only), ectopia lentis, s...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":73859585,"asset_id":60392681,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33093206,"first_name":"N.","last_name":"Angayarkanni","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NAngayarkanni","display_name":"N. 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Diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cardiovascular_Diseases?f_ri=21408"},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology?f_ri=21408"},{"id":2521982,"name":"hyperhomocysteinemia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/hyperhomocysteinemia?f_ri=21408"},{"id":2722521,"name":"vitamin B","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/vitamin_B?f_ri=21408"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_52612765" data-work_id="52612765" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" 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data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d1b0f19cd6b2441434b56ba41083aa9c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44691887,"asset_id":14026763,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44691887/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMjI5NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33215813" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KariRisnes">Kari Risnes</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33215813" type="text/json">{"id":33215813,"first_name":"Kari","last_name":"Risnes","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KariRisnes","display_name":"Kari Risnes","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KariRisnes?f_ri=21408","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-14026763">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-14026763"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://ntnu-no.academia.edu/GeirJacobsen">Geir Jacobsen</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-14026763'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return 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class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="14026763"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8207" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk">Risk</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8207" type="text/json">{"id":8207,"name":"Risk","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9968" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Asthma">Asthma</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9968" type="text/json">{"id":9968,"name":"Asthma","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Asthma?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21408" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folic_acid">Folic acid</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21408" type="text/json">{"id":21408,"name":"Folic acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folic_acid?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="62112" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prospective_studies">Prospective studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="62112" type="text/json">{"id":62112,"name":"Prospective studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prospective_studies?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=14026763]'), work: {"id":14026763,"title":"Folic acid supplementation in early pregnancy and asthma in children aged 6 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class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3540580/Spectrofluorimetric_determination_of_folic_acid_in_tablets_and_urine_samples_using_1_10_phenanthroline_terbium_probe">Spectrofluorimetric determination of folic acid in tablets and urine samples using 1,10-phenanthroline-terbium probe</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3540580" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="50ef79d13c4c35ec02256757e745ea95" rel="nofollow" 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type="text/json">{"id":21408,"name":"Folic acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folic_acid?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="64568" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans">Humans</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="64568" type="text/json">{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="158911" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Terbium">Terbium</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="158911" type="text/json">{"id":158911,"name":"Terbium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Terbium?f_ri=21408","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=3540580]'), work: {"id":3540580,"title":"Spectrofluorimetric determination of folic acid in tablets and urine samples using 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class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12978222 coauthored" data-work_id="12978222" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12978222/Prevention_of_anaemia_in_pregnancy_using_insecticide_treated_bednets_and_sulfadoxine_pyrimethamine_in_a_highly_malarious_area_of_Kenya_a_randomized_controlled_trial">Prevention of anaemia in pregnancy using insecticide-treated bednets and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in a highly malarious area of Kenya: a randomized controlled trial</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12978222" 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In 2008, the Government of Egypt began implementation of a 5-year... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_51392640" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Micronutrient deficiencies, especially iron-deficiency anemia, are a public health problem in Egypt, where anemia rates almost doubled in the years from 2000 to 2005. In 2008, the Government of Egypt began implementation of a 5-year national program to fortify with iron and folic acid the wheat flour used in baking subsidized baladi bread, the staple food consumed by a majority of low- income groups. To project the achievements of this national Wheat Flour Fortification Program. This paper describes the program, estimates the production of fortified flour and consumption of fortified bread, and identifies program challenges and sustainability issues. Through the national Wheat Flour Fortification Program, ferrous sulfate and folic acid are now added to all wheat flour produced under the national Food Subsidy Program. Up to 50 million Egyptians nationwide are now consuming quality-assured fortified baladi bread on a daily basis. In 2011, 6.5 million MT of fortified wheat flour was pr...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/51392640" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="12bcbc23cc16870e33d82ec51349efd7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":69136826,"asset_id":51392640,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69136826/download_file?st=MTczMjQxMjI5NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="202461632" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ALaillou">Arnaud Laillou</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="202461632" type="text/json">{"id":202461632,"first_name":"Arnaud","last_name":"Laillou","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ALaillou","display_name":"Arnaud Laillou","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ALaillou?f_ri=21408","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_51392640 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="51392640"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 51392640, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_51392640", }); 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In 2008, the Government of Egypt began implementation of a 5-year national program to fortify with iron and folic acid the wheat flour used in baking subsidized baladi bread, the staple food consumed by a majority of low- income groups. To project the achievements of this national Wheat Flour Fortification Program. This paper describes the program, estimates the production of fortified flour and consumption of fortified bread, and identifies program challenges and sustainability issues. Through the national Wheat Flour Fortification Program, ferrous sulfate and folic acid are now added to all wheat flour produced under the national Food Subsidy Program. Up to 50 million Egyptians nationwide are now consuming quality-assured fortified baladi bread on a daily basis. 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Khartoum, Sudan</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/26108641" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="de0a0a6836c02e83f4f197ff740d3ca1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46456513,"asset_id":26108641,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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