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මැතිවරණය - විකිපීඩියා

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class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page&#039;s font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_si.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=si" class=""><span>පරිත්‍යාග</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AB%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B8_%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%A7&amp;returnto=%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AB%E0%B6%BA" title="ඔබ ගිණුමක් තනා පිවිසෙන්නේ නම් මැනවි; කෙසේ වුවත්, එය අනිවාර්ය නොවේ." class=""><span>ගිණුමක් තනන්න</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A7%E0%B6%BA&amp;returnto=%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AB%E0%B6%BA" title="අඩවියට පිවිසීමට ඔබව දිරිගැන්වේ. එහෙත් පිවිසීම අනිවාර්ය නොවේ. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>පිවිසෙන්න</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="පුද්ගලික මෙවලම්" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">පුද්ගලික මෙවලම්</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_si.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=si"><span>පරිත්‍යාග</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AB%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B8_%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%A7&amp;returnto=%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AB%E0%B6%BA" title="ඔබ ගිණුමක් තනා පිවිසෙන්නේ නම් මැනවි; කෙසේ වුවත්, එය අනිවාර්ය නොවේ."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>ගිණුමක් තනන්න</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A7%E0%B6%BA&amp;returnto=%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AB%E0%B6%BA" title="අඩවියට පිවිසීමට ඔබව දිරිගැන්වේ. එහෙත් පිවිසීම අනිවාර්ය නොවේ. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>පිවිසෙන්න</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%8B%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%94:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9A_%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BA" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>දායකත්වයන්</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9A_%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%A0%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A1%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="මෙම අන්තර්ජාල ලිපිනයෙන් කර ඇති සංස්කරණයන් පිළිබඳ සාකච්ඡාව [n]" accesskey="n"><span>සාකච්ඡාව</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Beginning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-මැතිවරණ_හා_සම්බන්ධ_ගැටලු" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#මැතිවරණ_හා_සම්බන්ධ_ගැටලු"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>මැතිවරණ හා සම්බන්ධ ගැටලු</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-මැතිවරණ_හා_සම්බන්ධ_ගැටලු-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle මැතිවරණ හා සම්බන්ධ ගැටලු subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-මැතිවරණ_හා_සම්බන්ධ_ගැටලු-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-විවෘත_දේශපාලන_සංවාද_හෝ_දැනුමැති_ඡන්ද_කොට්ඨාසවල_හිගය." class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#විවෘත_දේශපාලන_සංවාද_හෝ_දැනුමැති_ඡන්ද_කොට්ඨාසවල_හිගය."> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>විවෘත දේශපාලන සංවාද හෝ දැනුමැති ඡන්ද කොට්ඨාසවල හිගය.</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-විවෘත_දේශපාලන_සංවාද_හෝ_දැනුමැති_ඡන්ද_කොට්ඨාසවල_හිගය.-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-අසාධාරණ_නීති" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#අසාධාරණ_නීති"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>අසාධාරණ නීති</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-අසාධාරණ_නීති-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ව්‍යාපාරවලට_බාධාකරීම" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ව්‍යාපාරවලට_බාධාකරීම"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>ව්‍යාපාරවලට බාධාකරීම</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ව්‍යාපාරවලට_බාධාකරීම-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-මැතිවරණ_යාන්ත්‍රණයට_බාධා_කිරීම." class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#මැතිවරණ_යාන්ත්‍රණයට_බාධා_කිරීම."> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>මැතිවරණ යාන්ත්‍රණයට බාධා කිරීම.</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-මැතිවරණ_යාන්ත්‍රණයට_බාධා_කිරීම.-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-සටහන්" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#සටහන්"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>සටහන්</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-සටහන්-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">මැතිවරණය</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="This article exist only in this language. Add the article for other languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-0" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Add languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="uls-after-portlet-link"></span><span class="wb-langlinks-add wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q19718746#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Add interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">බැඳියන් එක්කරන්න</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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කේතයන් සංස්කරණය කරන්න [e]" accesskey="e"><span>සංස්කරණය</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AB%E0%B6%BA&amp;action=history"><span>ඉතිහාසය බලන්න</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%99%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%92_%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%B3%E0%B7%93_%E0%B6%87%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF/%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AB%E0%B6%BA" title="මෙය හා සබැ‍ඳෙන සියළු විකි පිටු ලැයිස්තුවක් [j]" accesskey="j"><span>මෙතනට සබැඳෙන්නේ කුමක්ද</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%B3%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%94_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%91%E0%B6%AD_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A/%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AB%E0%B6%BA" rel="nofollow" title="මෙම පිටුව හා සබැඳි පිටුවල ‍නව වෙනස්කිරීම් [k]" accesskey="k"><span>සහසම්බන්ධිත වෙනස්වීම්</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%94" title="සියලු විශේෂ පිටුවල ලැයිස්තුවක් [q]" accesskey="q"><span>විශේෂ පිටු</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AB%E0%B6%BA&amp;oldid=472194" title="පිටුවෙහි මෙම අනුවාදයට ස්ථාවර සබැඳිය"><span>ස්ථාවර සබැඳුම</span></a></li><li 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අයිතමය</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">විකිපීඩියා වෙතින්</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="si" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80:Election_MG_3455.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Election_MG_3455.JPG/220px-Election_MG_3455.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Election_MG_3455.JPG/330px-Election_MG_3455.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Election_MG_3455.JPG/440px-Election_MG_3455.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4368" data-file-height="2912" /></a><figcaption>ඡන්ද පෙට්ටිය</figcaption></figure> <p>මැතිවරණය යනු ජනතාව විසින් පුද්ගලයන්ට බලය පැවරීම සඳහා භාවිතා කෙරෙන තීන්දු ගැනීමේ ක්‍රමයකි. නූතන ප්‍රජාතන්ත්‍රවාදයට අනුව ව්‍යවස්ථාදායකයට, විධායකයට සහ අධිකරණයට මෙන්ම කලාපීය සහ පලාත් පාලන ආයතන වලට සාමාජිකයන් පත් කරන යාන්ත්‍රනය මෙයයි. පුද්ගලික හා වෙළඳ ව්‍යාපාර වලද, සංගම් සහ ස්වේච්ඡා සංවිධාන මෙන්ම සංස්ථාවලද මෙම ක්‍රමය යොදාගැනේ. “ ද ස්පරිට් ඕෆ් ලෝස් ” කෘතියේ දෙවන පොතේ දෙවන පරිච්ඡේදයේ මොන්ටෙස්කපු පැවසූ ආකාරයට, මැතිවරණයකදී ජනතාව රටේ පාලකයන් මෙන්ම වැසියන් ද වෙති. ඡන්දය ප්‍රකාශ කිරීමේ දී වරණීය හැකියාවෙන් ඔවුහු පාලකයන් වෙති. විශේෂයෙන් ප්‍රජාතන්ත්‍රවාදයන් සහ ජන රජයන් වල ඇති විශේෂ ලක්ෂණ නම්, ජනතාවගෙන් සහ ජනතාව වෙනුවෙන් සාදන රජයකට නෛතික බලය හිමි වන්නේ ජනතාවගේම කැමැත්තෙන් වීමය. </p><p><br /> වර්තමානයේ නියෝජිතයන් තෝරාගැනීම සඳහා මැතිවරණ පැවැත්වුවද ප්‍රජාතන්ත්‍රවාදයේ මුලාකෘතිය වන ඇතැන්ස්හි එවැන්නක් නොතිබිනි. එහි මැතිවරණ රදළ ආධිපත්‍යය ලෙස සලකනු ලැබු අතර නිලයන්ට පුද්ගලයන් පත් කෙරුනේ තේරීමකින් නැත්නම් විභජනයකිනි. </p><p>මැතිවරණ ප්‍රතිසංස්කරණය යනු සාධාරණ මැතිවරණ ක්‍රම හඳුන්වාදීම හෝ පවතින ක්‍රමවල සාධාරණත්වය වැඩි කිරීමේ ක්‍රියාවලියයි. ඡන්ද වේදය යනු මැතිවරණ ප්‍රතිඵල හා අනෙක් සංඛ්‍යාන අධ්‍යනයයි. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="මැතිවරණ_හා_සම්බන්ධ_ගැටලු"><span id=".E0.B6.B8.E0.B7.90.E0.B6.AD.E0.B7.92.E0.B7.80.E0.B6.BB.E0.B6.AB_.E0.B7.84.E0.B7.8F_.E0.B7.83.E0.B6.B8.E0.B7.8A.E0.B6.B6.E0.B6.B1.E0.B7.8A.E0.B6.B0_.E0.B6.9C.E0.B7.90.E0.B6.A7.E0.B6.BD.E0.B7.94"></span>මැතිවරණ හා සම්බන්ධ ගැටලු</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AB%E0%B6%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="ඡේදය සංස්කරණය: මැතිවරණ හා සම්බන්ධ ගැටලු"><span>සංස්කරණය</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>නීතියේ ආධිපත්‍ය දුර්වල වී ඇති බොහෝ රටවල මැතිවරණ නිදහස් හා සාධාරණ නොවීමට ප්‍රධාන හේතුව වනුයේ පවත්නා රජයේ මැදිහත්වීමය. ඒකාධිපතිවරුන් විධායකයේ බලතල පාවිච්චිකරමින් බලයේ රැදී සිටීමට උත්සාහ දරන්නේ ජනතාවගේ මතයට හිස නොනමමින. ව්‍යවස්ථාදායකයේ සාමාජිකයන් ද සිය බහුතර බලය භාවිතා කරමින් මැතිවරණයේ දී ප්‍රතිවාදියාට වැඩි බලයක් ලැබීම වැළැක්වීමට කටයුතු කරයි. රා ජ්‍ය නොවන සංස්ථාවන්ටද ශාරීරික හිංසනය, වාචික තර්ජනය හෝ දූෂණ හරහා මැතිවරණ වලට බාධා කල හැක. මැතිවරණ දූෂණ නිරීක්ෂණය සහ අවම කිරීම නිදහස් හා සාධාරණ මැතිවරණ පිළිබඳ දැඩි දේශපාලන සංස්කෘතියක් පවතින රාජ්‍යන්හි සිදු කෙරෙමින් පවතී. </p><p><br /> </p><p>මැතිවරනයක් නිදහස් සහ සාධාරණ නොවීමට බලපාන කරුනු විවිධ මට්ටම්වලින් ඇති විය හැක. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="විවෘත_දේශපාලන_සංවාද_හෝ_දැනුමැති_ඡන්ද_කොට්ඨාසවල_හිගය."><span id=".E0.B7.80.E0.B7.92.E0.B7.80.E0.B7.98.E0.B6.AD_.E0.B6.AF.E0.B7.9A.E0.B7.81.E0.B6.B4.E0.B7.8F.E0.B6.BD.E0.B6.B1_.E0.B7.83.E0.B6.82.E0.B7.80.E0.B7.8F.E0.B6.AF_.E0.B7.84.E0.B7.9D_.E0.B6.AF.E0.B7.90.E0.B6.B1.E0.B7.94.E0.B6.B8.E0.B7.90.E0.B6.AD.E0.B7.92_.E0.B6.A1.E0.B6.B1.E0.B7.8A.E0.B6.AF_.E0.B6.9A.E0.B7.9C.E0.B6.A7.E0.B7.8A.E0.B6.A8.E0.B7.8F.E0.B7.83.E0.B7.80.E0.B6.BD_.E0.B7.84.E0.B7.92.E0.B6.9C.E0.B6.BA."></span>විවෘත දේශපාලන සංවාද හෝ දැනුමැති ඡන්ද කොට්ඨාසවල හිගය.</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AB%E0%B6%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="ඡේදය සංස්කරණය: විවෘත දේශපාලන සංවාද හෝ දැනුමැති ඡන්ද කොට්ඨාසවල හිගය."><span>සංස්කරණය</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>මාධ්‍ය නිදහස නොමැති වීම, මාධ්‍ය පක්ෂග්‍රාහිත්වය හෝ මාධ්‍ය පරිශීලනය නොකිරීම නිසා ජනතාවට සම්පූර්ණ දැනුමක් නොමැතිවිය හැක.</li> <li>භාෂණයේ නිදහස ද රජය මගින් පාලනය කල හැකි නිසා රාජ්‍ය ප්‍රචාරණය පමණක් ක්‍රියාත්මක වියහැක.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="අසාධාරණ_නීති"><span id=".E0.B6.85.E0.B7.83.E0.B7.8F.E0.B6.B0.E0.B7.8F.E0.B6.BB.E0.B6.AB_.E0.B6.B1.E0.B7.93.E0.B6.AD.E0.B7.92"></span>අසාධාරණ නීති</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AB%E0%B6%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="ඡේදය සංස්කරණය: අසාධාරණ නීති"><span>සංස්කරණය</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>රජයේ වාසියට අයුතු ලෙස නීති පැනවීම, විරුද්ධ අපේක්ෂකයන් බලයටපත් වීමේ හැකියාවට බාධාපැනවීම, මැතිවරණය සාර්ථක කල හැකි දොරටු අයුතුලෙස හැසිරවීම ආදී කරුනු නිසා මැතිවරණ ව්‍යුහය පක්ෂග්‍රාහී විය හැක.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ව්‍යාපාරවලට_බාධාකරීම"><span id=".E0.B7.80.E0.B7.8A.E2.80.8D.E0.B6.BA.E0.B7.8F.E0.B6.B4.E0.B7.8F.E0.B6.BB.E0.B7.80.E0.B6.BD.E0.B6.A7_.E0.B6.B6.E0.B7.8F.E0.B6.B0.E0.B7.8F.E0.B6.9A.E0.B6.BB.E0.B7.93.E0.B6.B8"></span>ව්‍යාපාරවලට බාධාකරීම</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AB%E0%B6%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="ඡේදය සංස්කරණය: ව්‍යාපාරවලට බාධාකරීම"><span>සංස්කරණය</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>විපක්ෂ අපේක්ෂකයන් අත්අඩංගුවට ගැනීම, මරාදැමීම, ව්‍යාපාර මර්දනය කිරීම, ව්‍යාපාර මූලස්ථාන වසා දැමීම, ව්‍යාපාර අපරාධයක් ලෙස නම් කිරීම වදහිංසනය, තර්ජනය කරීම හෝ සැබෑ ප්‍රචණ්ඩත්වය</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="මැතිවරණ_යාන්ත්‍රණයට_බාධා_කිරීම."><span id=".E0.B6.B8.E0.B7.90.E0.B6.AD.E0.B7.92.E0.B7.80.E0.B6.BB.E0.B6.AB_.E0.B6.BA.E0.B7.8F.E0.B6.B1.E0.B7.8A.E0.B6.AD.E0.B7.8A.E2.80.8D.E0.B6.BB.E0.B6.AB.E0.B6.BA.E0.B6.A7_.E0.B6.B6.E0.B7.8F.E0.B6.B0.E0.B7.8F_.E0.B6.9A.E0.B7.92.E0.B6.BB.E0.B7.93.E0.B6.B8."></span>මැතිවරණ යාන්ත්‍රණයට බාධා කිරීම.</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AB%E0%B6%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="ඡේදය සංස්කරණය: මැතිවරණ යාන්ත්‍රණයට බාධා කිරීම."><span>සංස්කරණය</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>ඡන්දදායකයන්ව ඡන්දය ප්‍රකාශකල යුතු අයුරු පිළිබඳව දැනුවත් නොකිරීම හෝ වැරදි උපදෙස් ලබා දීම, රහස් ඡන්දය උල්ලංගනය කිරීම ඡන්ද පෙට්ටි පිරවීම, ඡන්ද යන්ත්‍ර අත පත ගෑම, ඡන්ද විනාශ කිරීම, ඡන්ද දායකයන් මර්දනය කිරීම, වැරදි ලෙස ප්‍රතඵල වගුගතකිරීම, ඡන්ද පොලවලදී ශාරීරික හෝ වාචික ප්‍රචන්ඩත්වය.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="සටහන්"><span id=".E0.B7.83.E0.B6.A7.E0.B7.84.E0.B6.B1.E0.B7.8A"></span>සටහන්</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AB%E0%B6%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="ඡේදය සංස්කරණය: සටහන්"><span>සංස්කරණය</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table> <tbody><tr> <td><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Election">Election</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.codfw.main‐55b5456bcb‐gtfqr Cached time: 20241120212432 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.015 seconds Real time usage: 0.022 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 18/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 0/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 2/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand 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