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Calenda - Parcours, tressages, hybridations : une histoire planétaire de l’architecture et de l’urbain

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l&rsquo;&eacute;tranger, et si cela aboutit ou non &agrave; un tressage des influences&nbsp;;&nbsp;c&rsquo;est de questionner l'architecture en tant que carrefour culturel paradigmatique&nbsp;:&nbsp;figures d&rsquo;&eacute;tonnants voyageurs-architectes naturellement, mais aussi m&eacute;thodes, proc&eacute;d&eacute;s, mesures, itin&eacute;raires, flux...&nbsp;</p> </div> <div id="resume-1245432-en" class="tabContent hidden" lang="en" xml:lang="en"> <p style="text-align: left;">What we will question for this issue 9 of&nbsp;<em>Transversale</em> is how an architect's perspective and practice are formed when he travels or receives instruction abroad, and whether or not this results in a weaving of influences; is to question architecture as a paradigmatic cultural crossroads: figures of astonishing travelers-architects naturally, but also methods, processes, measurements, itineraries, flows...&nbsp;</p> </div> </div> <div id="annonce"> <p class="intitule">Annonce</p> <div class="tabMenu"><a href="#annonce-1245432-fr" hreflang="fr" class="active">Français</a>&#32;<a href="#annonce-1245432-en" hreflang="en">English</a>&#32;</div> <div id="annonce-1245432-fr" class="tabContent" lang="fr" xml:lang="fr"> <h1>Argumentaire</h1> <p style="text-align: left;">Le comit&eacute; de r&eacute;daction de la revue <em>Transversale&nbsp;histoire architecture urbain paysage</em>, lance son appel &agrave; articles pour son num&eacute;ro 9 (2025) sur le th&egrave;me :&nbsp;Parcours, tressages, hybridations : une histoire plan&eacute;taire de l&rsquo;architecture et de l&rsquo;urbain</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Si l&rsquo;occidentalisation de l&rsquo;histoire de l&rsquo;architecture &eacute;choue &agrave; la d&eacute;crire tout enti&egrave;re et dans les domaines de l&rsquo;architecture et de l&rsquo;urbanisme, la &laquo;&nbsp;provincialisation&nbsp;&raquo; de l&rsquo;Europe<sup><a class="sdendnoteanc" href="#sdendnote1sym" name="sdendnote1anc">i</a></sup> peut contribuer &agrave; ouvrir des champs singuliers et f&eacute;conds. Sans remonter aux <em>Annales</em>, ni m&ecirc;me aux positionnements anti et post-coloniaux<sup><a class="sdendnoteanc" href="#sdendnote2sym" name="sdendnote2anc">ii</a></sup> des ann&eacute;es 1950, on rappellera que la revue <em>Quaderni Storici </em>a &eacute;t&eacute; fond&eacute;e d&egrave;s 1966 et que l&rsquo;histoire &laquo;&nbsp;globale&nbsp;&raquo; et/ou &laquo;&nbsp;mondiale<sup><a class="sdendnoteanc" href="#sdendnote3sym" name="sdendnote3anc">iii</a></sup>&nbsp;&raquo;, a connu un grand d&eacute;veloppement aux Etats-Unis<sup><a class="sdendnoteanc" href="#sdendnote4sym" name="sdendnote4anc">iv</a></sup>. Une histoire &laquo;&nbsp;plan&eacute;taire&nbsp;&raquo; de l&rsquo;architecture nous para&icirc;t envisageable sur ces bases, aujourd&rsquo;hui encore mieux partag&eacute;es dans la litt&eacute;rature britannique et &eacute;tasunienne qu&rsquo;en France. C'est ainsi que des auteurs am&eacute;ricains comme Francis Ching, Mark Jarzombek et Kathleen James-Chakraborty se sont essay&eacute;s &agrave; des premi&egrave;res synth&egrave;ses mondiales de l&rsquo;architecture, bien qu&rsquo;encore fortement marqu&eacute;e par la vision europ&eacute;ocentriste<a class="sdendnoteanc" href="#sdendnote5sym" name="sdendnote5anc"><sup>v</sup></a>. M&ecirc;me si, dans cette vision &eacute;largie de l&rsquo;architecture &laquo;&nbsp;globale&nbsp;&raquo;, les architectures de plusieurs continents sont plus souvent juxtapos&eacute;es que v&eacute;ritablement probl&eacute;matis&eacute;es selon les <em>parcours</em>, les &eacute;changes et les <em>hybridations</em> qui peuvent en r&eacute;sulter<a class="sdendnoteanc" href="#sdendnote6sym" name="sdendnote6anc"><sup>vi</sup></a>. C&rsquo;est la raison d&rsquo;&ecirc;tre de cet appel &agrave; articles.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">En Europe continentale, depuis les anciens travaux de Gottfried Semper et sa c&eacute;l&egrave;bre <em>Karibische H&uuml;tte</em><sup><a class="sdendnoteanc" href="#sdendnote7sym" name="sdendnote7anc">vii</a></sup> (1863), les travaux d&rsquo;architectes, urbanistes et historiens sur ce qu&rsquo;on pourrait appeler une anthropologie de l&rsquo;architecture primitive ou, avec Caroline Van Eyck, l&rsquo;&eacute;bauche d&rsquo;une &laquo;&nbsp;histoire globale de la culture mat&eacute;rielle&nbsp;&raquo;, sont loin d&rsquo;&ecirc;tre majoritaires. De fait, la majorit&eacute; des trait&eacute;s et des histoires de l&rsquo;architecture font encore remonter classiquement &agrave; la Gr&egrave;ce et &agrave; l&rsquo;Antiquit&eacute; romaine -vitruvienne- la naissance du projet, de la conception elle-m&ecirc;me, sans laquelle il n&rsquo;y aurait pas d&rsquo;architecture. La p&eacute;riode moderne d&eacute;buterait ainsi <em>sui generis</em> &agrave; Filippo Brunelleschi et Leon Battista Alberti<a class="sdendnoteanc" href="#sdendnote8sym" name="sdendnote8anc"><sup>viii</sup></a>, comme le remarquait Anne Cauquelin d&egrave;s 1979&nbsp;: &laquo;&nbsp;L&rsquo;enjeu, le pari architectural, c&rsquo;est cette jouissance d&eacute;miurgique de tenir un monde (l&rsquo;ouvrir, le &laquo;&nbsp;donner&nbsp;&raquo; &agrave; vivre). R&eacute;f&eacute;rence&nbsp;: la Renaissance, &eacute;poque b&eacute;nie du pouvoir-architecte (&agrave; lire Venturi, ce moderne, on est frapp&eacute; du nombre de r&eacute;f&eacute;rences au XVI<sup>e</sup> italien)<a class="sdendnoteanc" href="#sdendnote9sym" name="sdendnote9anc"><sup>ix</sup></a>&nbsp;&raquo;.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Cependant, depuis une vingtaine d&rsquo;ann&eacute;es en France, plusieurs colloques et &eacute;tudes ont travaill&eacute; &agrave; une ouverture de questionnements architecturaux hors des murs &eacute;pist&eacute;mologiques convenus, en premier lieu naturellement sur les terrains o&ugrave; la France a le plus &eacute;chang&eacute;&nbsp;et colonis&eacute; : M&eacute;diterran&eacute;e et Proche Orient<a class="sdendnoteanc" href="#sdendnote10sym" name="sdendnote10anc"><sup>x</sup></a>, outre-mer et Afrique<a class="sdendnoteanc" href="#sdendnote11sym" name="sdendnote11anc"><sup>xi</sup></a>. Des recherches analogues ont &eacute;t&eacute; men&eacute;es -pour s&rsquo;en tenir encore au champ fran&ccedil;ais- dans le domaine des anciennes colonies, le plus souvent au prisme de l&rsquo;h&eacute;ritage architectural, posant la question de la relation entre &laquo;&nbsp;architecture r&eacute;gionale&nbsp;&raquo; et &laquo;&nbsp;architecture de la m&eacute;tropole&nbsp;&raquo;, ou celle de l&rsquo;urbanisme transpos&eacute; aux colonies dans un contexte social et climatique diff&eacute;rent<a class="sdendnoteanc" href="#sdendnote12sym" name="sdendnote12anc"><sup>xii</sup></a>. Des travaux sur l&rsquo;axe atlantique et la Cara&iuml;be sont aussi fructueux, qu&rsquo;ils s&rsquo;attachent &agrave; l&rsquo;exp&eacute;rimentation ou au concept de &laquo;&nbsp;carrefour&nbsp;&raquo; culturel<sup><a class="sdendnoteanc" href="#sdendnote13sym" name="sdendnote13anc">xiii</a></sup>, ou aux destins personnels et aux r&eacute;seaux d&rsquo;influence, du Golfe du Mexique<sup><a class="sdendnoteanc" href="#sdendnote14sym" name="sdendnote14anc">xiv</a></sup> &agrave; la Mer de Chine<sup><a class="sdendnoteanc" href="#sdendnote15sym" name="sdendnote15anc">xv</a></sup>.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Ces travaux prennent la succession d&rsquo;ouvrages plus g&eacute;n&eacute;raux comme ceux de Gwendolyn Wright sur les urbanismes des colonies fran&ccedil;aises au Maroc, &agrave; Madagascar et en Indochine, ou de Catherine Coquery-Vidrovitch et Odile Goerg sur les villes europ&eacute;ennes outre-mer<a class="sdendnoteanc" href="#sdendnote16sym" name="sdendnote16anc"><sup>xvi</sup></a>. Toujours au prisme de l&rsquo;urbanisme, ce sont parfois des incursions plus sp&eacute;cifiques, qu&rsquo;il s&rsquo;agisse de monographie, biographie ou prosopographie<sup><a class="sdendnoteanc" href="#sdendnote17sym" name="sdendnote17anc">xvii</a></sup>. En r&eacute;alit&eacute;, sur tous les aspects de la production d&rsquo;architectes et urbanistes fran&ccedil;ais autour de la M&eacute;diterran&eacute;e, de la Cara&iuml;be, au Proche Orient et en Asie, les &eacute;tudes r&eacute;centes sont profuses<a class="sdendnoteanc" href="#sdendnote18sym" name="sdendnote18anc"><sup>xviii</sup></a> -et nous n&rsquo;avons m&ecirc;me pas mentionn&eacute; les nombreuses et remarquables monographies de l&rsquo;ORSTOM des ann&eacute;es 1950 &agrave; 1990, ni de tr&egrave;s nombreuses th&egrave;ses de doctorat r&eacute;centes, disponibles sur HAL.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Plus sp&eacute;cifiquement pour la p&eacute;riode m&eacute;di&eacute;vale, plusieurs historiens de l&rsquo;art ont r&eacute;alis&eacute; une prosopographie des artistes &laquo; exog&egrave;nes &raquo;, c&lsquo;est-&agrave;-dire ayant pu travailler hors de leur aire artistique d&rsquo;origine. Ce travail r&eacute;alis&eacute; autour de Jean-Marie Guillo&uuml;et voulait consid&eacute;rer de mani&egrave;re quantitative la question des transferts artistiques dans l&rsquo;Europe latine, en y incluant le domaine de l&rsquo;architecture<sup><a class="sdendnoteanc" href="#sdendnote19sym" name="sdendnote19anc">xix</a></sup>. Le voyage, mais aussi l&rsquo;acculturation&nbsp;: d&egrave;s la r&eacute;&eacute;dition du premier trait&eacute; pratique d&rsquo;architecture fran&ccedil;ais en 1685, Fran&ccedil;ois Blondel insistait sur ce que &laquo;&nbsp;Lou&iuml;s le Grand [&hellip;] ne s&rsquo;est pas content&eacute; d&rsquo;envoyer des gens habiles dans les Pa&iuml;s o&ugrave; l&rsquo;on voit encore quelques vestiges de la grandeur des Romains et des Grecs, afin d&rsquo;en apporter des desseins pour servir &agrave; former le goust de la bonne Architecture&nbsp;: Mais m&ecirc;me sa Majest&eacute; a &eacute;tably une Acad&eacute;mie &agrave; Paris o&ugrave; les regles de c&eacute;t Art sont publiquement enseign&eacute;es avec les parties de Mathematique qui sont n&eacute;cessaires aux Architectes<sup><a class="sdendnoteanc" href="#sdendnote20sym" name="sdendnote20anc">xx</a></sup>.&nbsp;&raquo; C&rsquo;est une fa&ccedil;on de dire que le voyage ne se substitue pas &agrave; la formation en &eacute;cole et que dans la comp&eacute;tition europ&eacute;enne qui se joue au XVII<sup>e</sup> si&egrave;cle, la comp&eacute;tence &laquo; scientifique &raquo; et culturelle de l&rsquo;architecte vaut au moins autant que l&rsquo;imitation ou l&rsquo;inspiration.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Cet appel &agrave; articles ne questionne donc pas exclusivement ce qu&rsquo;on pourrait appeler le roman d&rsquo;apprentissage de l&rsquo;architecte. Quelles que soient les motivations du voyage ou de l&rsquo;activit&eacute; hors de son pays natal, forc&eacute;es (l&rsquo;exil, la qu&ecirc;te d&rsquo;un refuge loin de la guerre ou des pers&eacute;cutions) ou choisies (qu&ecirc;te d&rsquo;un enseignement acad&eacute;mique et/ou de terrain), elles suscitent l&rsquo;&eacute;mergence de croisements de pens&eacute;es et de formes. Cette question du <em>tressage</em> de motifs et d&rsquo;architectures d&rsquo;origines plurielles, fils vari&eacute;s laissant &agrave; chacun son autonomie visible en texture et en couleur m&ecirc;me s&rsquo;il participe du tout, constitue &agrave; nos yeux un sujet sp&eacute;cifique.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Et lorsque cet entrejeu, si l&rsquo;on entend par l&agrave; le produit d&rsquo;une g&eacute;om&eacute;trie culturelle, ne peut exister, comment une hybridation des gestes de cultures op&egrave;re-t-elle ? Par exemple, que tire Itō Chūta, premier historien japonais de l&rsquo;architecture, de son voyage &agrave; Paris et dans l&rsquo;Empire ottoman, qui retrace les filiations possibles <em>via</em> l&rsquo;Inde entre temples &eacute;trusques du IV<sup>e</sup> si&egrave;cle et architecture du Hōryūji &agrave; Nara<a class="sdendnoteanc" href="#sdendnote21sym" name="sdendnote21anc"><sup>xxi</sup></a>&nbsp;? Cependant que dans les ann&eacute;es 1880, la venue au Japon de l&rsquo;architecte anglais Josiah Conder a introduit une architecture occidentale<a class="sdendnoteanc" href="#sdendnote22sym" name="sdendnote22anc"><sup>xxii</sup></a> qui inspire aussit&ocirc;t des praticiens comme Tatsuno Kingo (&Eacute;cole Polytechnique de Tokyo, 1888). Dans la m&ecirc;me p&eacute;riode, une g&eacute;n&eacute;ration apr&egrave;s Richard Morris Hunt, des centaines d&rsquo;&eacute;tudiants am&eacute;ricains, traversant l&rsquo;Atlantique, font leurs &eacute;tudes d&rsquo;architecture en France<a class="sdendnoteanc" href="#sdendnote23sym" name="sdendnote23anc"><sup>xxiii</sup></a>. Au-del&agrave; et sans pouvoir mentionner tous les travaux pass&eacute;s ou en cours, la documentation actuelle rel&egrave;ve, pour leur seule relation &agrave; la France, les voyages, &eacute;tudes et r&eacute;alisations d&rsquo;architectes europ&eacute;ens, alg&eacute;riens, marocains, &eacute;gyptiens, iraniens, russes, br&eacute;siliens, argentins, chiliens, &eacute;tatsuniens et de beaucoup d&rsquo;autres pays<a class="sdendnoteanc" href="#sdendnote24sym" name="sdendnote24anc"><sup>xxiv</sup></a>. Lorsque dans les &eacute;coles d&rsquo;architectures fran&ccedil;aises et dans la majorit&eacute; des ouvrages usuels de th&eacute;orie et d&rsquo;histoire de l&rsquo;architecture, c&rsquo;est une vision europ&eacute;enne de l&rsquo;architecture qui est majoritairement interrog&eacute;e et expos&eacute;e, les hybridations architecturales mises en &oelig;uvre t&eacute;moignent de n&eacute;gociations enrichissantes et parfois douloureuses entre l&rsquo;acquis, la d&eacute;couverte et le projet.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Ainsi, la perspective de ce num&eacute;ro 9 de <em>transversale</em> est &agrave; la fois sp&eacute;cialis&eacute;e dans sa th&eacute;matique et large sur son &eacute;tendue g&eacute;ographique. Ce sur quoi nous nous interrogerons, c&rsquo;est de savoir comment se forme un regard et une pratique d&rsquo;architecte lorsqu&rsquo;il se d&eacute;place ou re&ccedil;oit un enseignement &agrave; l&rsquo;&eacute;tranger, et si cela aboutit ou non &agrave; un tressage des influences<a class="sdendnoteanc" href="#sdendnote25sym" name="sdendnote25anc"><sup>xxv</sup></a>&nbsp;; c&rsquo;est de questionner l'architecture en tant que carrefour culturel paradigmatique : figures d&rsquo;&eacute;tonnants voyageurs-architectes naturellement, mais aussi m&eacute;thodes, proc&eacute;d&eacute;s, mesures, itin&eacute;raires, flux... D&rsquo;un chantier &agrave; l&rsquo;autre, sur de tr&egrave;s longues distances et ce d&egrave;s l&rsquo;Antiquit&eacute;, le ma&icirc;tre d&rsquo;&oelig;uvre, ses collaborateurs et/ou ses ex&eacute;cutants, dont le m&eacute;tier est nomade &laquo;&nbsp;par nature&nbsp;&raquo;, se font eux-m&ecirc;mes agents et vecteurs des mat&eacute;riaux et des savoir-faire, des canons et des th&eacute;ories, des convictions et des croyances. La construction d&rsquo;un sanctuaire se fait alors le carrefour &eacute;ph&eacute;m&egrave;re et syncr&eacute;tique des cultures, cristallis&eacute; dans la pierre : les stupas du Gandhara au tournant de notre &egrave;re, sur les bords de la Mer Noire avec l&rsquo;Empire de Tr&eacute;bizonde, &agrave; Chypre o&ugrave; demeurent les t&eacute;moins de la diffusion du gothique.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Il ne s&rsquo;agit donc pas seulement du voyage de l'architecte ou de l'urbaniste (ou de celui ou celle qui veut le devenir), souvent con&ccedil;u comme l'opportunit&eacute; de pr&eacute;l&egrave;vements ou de d&eacute;calquages car l&rsquo;exp&eacute;rimentation de l&rsquo;ailleurs s&rsquo;accompagne de relecture, de r&eacute;interpr&eacute;tation voire de r&eacute;sistance, qui ne s&rsquo;inscrivent pas exclusivement dans un cadre de pens&eacute;e colonial. Cette exp&eacute;rimentation peut d'ailleurs s'av&eacute;rer d&rsquo;embl&eacute;e un exercice documentaire &laquo;&nbsp;pour plus tard&nbsp;&raquo;, collig&eacute; dans des carnets de notes et dessins sur le vif. Et puis l&rsquo;architecte n&rsquo;est jamais seul&nbsp;: dans quelle mesure les visions d'autres architectures interagissent pour chacun des acteurs et/ou voyageurs (emprunts, citations, assemblages) ? Robert Venturi -que l&rsquo;on ne peut pas consid&eacute;rer comme un d&eacute;fenseur du vernaculaire ni du pluriculturel en architecture- insiste sur l&rsquo;observation des <em>niveaux contradictoires</em> que sont les contrastes d&rsquo;&eacute;chelle, de forme et d&rsquo;usage&nbsp;: &laquo;&nbsp;Les &eacute;l&eacute;ments peuvent &ecirc;tre en m&ecirc;me temps beaux et laids, grands et petits, ouverts et ferm&eacute;s, continus et articul&eacute;s, ronds et carr&eacute;s, structure et espace. Une architecture qui contient plusieurs niveaux de signification engendre l&rsquo;ambigu&iuml;t&eacute; et la tension<a class="sdendnoteanc" href="#sdendnote26sym" name="sdendnote26anc"><sup>xxvi</sup></a>. &raquo; Cette ambigu&iuml;t&eacute; n&rsquo;est-elle pas ce qui permet de mieux saisir la qualit&eacute; d&rsquo;architectures traduisant par leurs espaces, leurs usages et leurs d&eacute;tails de forme et d&rsquo;ornement, la manifestation r&eacute;ticul&eacute;e de plusieurs cultures et une adaptation subtile &agrave; des environnements divers ? Car dans ce d&eacute;bat intervient &eacute;videmment la question de la mati&egrave;re disponible et d&rsquo;usage, le climat et le site, la conception que l&rsquo;on se fait d&rsquo;une p&eacute;rennit&eacute;.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Trois approches d&rsquo;articles sur ces &laquo;&nbsp;parcours&nbsp;&raquo;, &laquo;&nbsp;hybridations&nbsp;&raquo; et &laquo;&nbsp;tressages&nbsp;&raquo; architecturaux peuvent &ecirc;tre propos&eacute;es dans le cadre de cet appel &agrave; articles, sans bornes chronologiques&nbsp;:</p> <ul> <li> <p>La premi&egrave;re serait inscrite dans la lign&eacute;e de cette pr&eacute;conisation monographique (voire biographique ou prosopographique) de Fernand Braudel&nbsp;: &laquo;&nbsp;N&rsquo;est-il pas bon que l&rsquo;histoire soit d&rsquo;abord une description, simple observation, classement sans trop d&rsquo;id&eacute;es pr&eacute;alables&nbsp;? Voir, faire voir, c&rsquo;est la moiti&eacute; de notre t&acirc;che.&nbsp;&raquo; Les parcours et les &eacute;changes entre eux des personnes ayant con&ccedil;u et construit &agrave; la fois dans leur pays natal et dans &laquo;&nbsp;l&rsquo;autre pays<a class="sdendnoteanc" href="#sdendnote27sym" name="sdendnote27anc"><sup>xxvii</sup></a>&nbsp;&raquo; sont particuli&egrave;rement bienvenus&nbsp;;</p> </li> <li> <p>La seconde serait plut&ocirc;t dans l&rsquo;observation des mesures et proc&eacute;d&eacute;s m&ecirc;mes du tressage ou de l&rsquo;hybridation, suivant en cela le ph&eacute;nom&egrave;ne d&rsquo;acculturation d&eacute;crit par Vitruve comme une r&eacute;sistance de l&rsquo;autre &agrave; soi-m&ecirc;me&nbsp;: &laquo; Il ne m&rsquo;est pas venu &agrave; l&rsquo;esprit de d&eacute;pr&eacute;cier les inventions des autres pour faire valoir les miennes. &Agrave; l&rsquo;inverse, je me sens infiniment redevable aux auteurs qui ont recueilli les pens&eacute;es ing&eacute;nieuses des hommes de talent de toutes les &eacute;poques et nous ont procur&eacute;, chacun dans sa partie, une ample moisson<sup><a class="sdendnoteanc" href="#sdendnote28sym" name="sdendnote28anc">xxviii</a></sup>. &raquo;</p> </li> <li> <p>La troisi&egrave;me serait une approche plus th&eacute;orique sur une &laquo;&nbsp;architecture des &eacute;changes&nbsp;&raquo;, &agrave; la fois situ&eacute;e, contextualis&eacute;e (dont les racines culturelles diverses seraient chacune visibles et profondes), quoique issue de terrains o&ugrave; la construction du temps historique est fondamentalement autre, partant de la remarque que ces recherches sont conduites depuis longtemps sur les arts visuels, la musique et la po&eacute;sie, plut&ocirc;t qu&rsquo;en architecture<a class="sdendnoteanc" href="#sdendnote29sym" name="sdendnote29anc"><sup>xxix</sup></a>. Ces travaux peuvent notamment rendre compte des effets de la d&eacute;couverte d&rsquo;&laquo;&nbsp;alli&eacute;s substantiels<a class="sdendnoteanc" href="#sdendnote30sym" name="sdendnote30anc"><sup>xxx</sup></a>&nbsp;&raquo; et de la composition de dialogues et de correspondances.</p> </li> </ul> <h1>La revue</h1> <p style="text-align: left;">Cr&eacute;&eacute;e en 2016,&nbsp;<em>Transversale. Histoire, architecture, paysage, urbain</em> est une revue scientifique &agrave; comit&eacute; de lecture international. Elle publie un num&eacute;ro par an.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Directeur de r&eacute;daction : Gilles-Antoine Langlois</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Secr&eacute;taires de r&eacute;daction : Marie Gaimard et L&eacute;onore Dubois-Losserand</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Revue scientifique &agrave; conseil international et comit&eacute; de lecture expertisant en double aveugle, fond&eacute;e et &eacute;dit&eacute;e en 2016 &agrave; l&rsquo;ENSAPBx (n&deg; 1 et 2), co&eacute;dit&eacute;e ENSABx / CNRS Passages &ndash; ENSAPVS / EVCAU (n&deg; 2, 4, 5), &eacute;dit&eacute;e par ENSAPVS / EVCAU en num&eacute;rique (HAL) et papier (n&deg;6, 7, 8).<br>A partir du n&deg;9, &eacute;dit&eacute;e par ENSA Paris-Val-de-Seine/EVCAU et ENSA Normandie/ATE, diffusion MSH Paris</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Rubriques : transversale &eacute;dite</p> <ul> <li>un dossier th&eacute;matique annuel ;</li> <li>1 ou 2 &laquo;<span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;</span>Varia<span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;</span>&raquo; par num&eacute;ro ;</li> <li>la rubrique &laquo;<span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;</span>Mat&eacute;riaux de la recherche<span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;</span>&raquo; h&eacute;berge des &eacute;tats de recherche en cours ;</li> <li>la rubrique &laquo;<span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;</span>Chemins<span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;</span>&raquo; est consacr&eacute;e aux travaux d&rsquo;&eacute;tudiants de l&rsquo;ENSAPVS et de l&rsquo;ENSA Normandie.</li> </ul> <h1>Modalit&eacute;s de soumission et calendrier</h1> <h3>Proposition &agrave; envoyer pour le 30 avril 2025 :</h3> <ul> <li>titre</li> <li>r&eacute;sum&eacute; (1 page)</li> <li>CV (1/2 page)</li> </ul> <p style="text-align: left;">&agrave; :<br><strong>gilles.a.langlois@gmail.com.fr</strong><br><strong>marie.gaimard@gmail.com</strong><br><strong>leonore.losserand@paris-valdeseine.archi.fr</strong></p> <p style="text-align: left;">Calendrier&nbsp;</p> <ul> <li>Notification d&rsquo;acceptation : 15 mai 2025</li> <li>Rendu de l&rsquo;article&nbsp;: 1<sup>er</sup> septembre 2025</li> <li>Retour aux auteurs apr&egrave;s lecture en double-aveugle : 30 septembre 2025</li> </ul> <p style="text-align: left;">Les&nbsp;articles&nbsp;devront &ecirc;tre compos&eacute;s de 25000 &agrave; 30000 signes tout compris.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Ils peuvent &ecirc;tre &eacute;crits en fran&ccedil;ais ou en anglais.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Les sources, bibliographie et r&eacute;f&eacute;rences sont en notes de bas de page. Les abstracts (10 lignes) fran&ccedil;ais/anglais et 5 mots-cl&eacute;s fran&ccedil;ais/anglais sont adress&eacute;s dans le m&ecirc;me fichier. Les illustrations (libres de droits) seront jointes dans des fichiers s&eacute;par&eacute;s.</p> <p style="text-align: left;"><em>Voir charte &eacute;ditoriale jointe pour le d&eacute;tail.</em></p> <h1 class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Comit&eacute; &eacute;ditorial</span></h1> <ul> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Directeur de r&eacute;daction :&nbsp;</span><span lang="EN-US">Gilles-Antoine LANGLOIS, PR &eacute;m&eacute;rite ENSA Paris-Val de Seine</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Secr&eacute;taires de r&eacute;daction :&nbsp;</span><span lang="EN-US">Marie GAIMARD, MCF ENSA Normandie et&nbsp;</span><span lang="EN-US">L&eacute;onore DUBOIS-LOSSERAND, MCF ENSA Paris-Val de Seine</span></li> </ul> <h1 class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Comit&eacute; scientifique</span></h1> <ul> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Fabien BELLAT (EVCAU)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Gauthier BOLLE (MCF ENSA Strasbourg)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Serge BRIFFAUD (PR ENSAP Bordeaux)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">S&eacute;bastien CHERRUET (MCFA ENSA Normandie)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Laurence CHEVALLIER (MCF ENSAP Bordeaux)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">&Eacute;milie D&rsquo;ORGEIX (PR EPHE)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Samuel DRAPEAU (MCF ENSAP Bordeaux)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Ammar ELOUEINI (PR Tulane University New Orleans)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Marie GAIMARD (MCF ENSA Normandie)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Gwenn GAYET-KERGUIDUFF (IR EVCAU)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Laurence GILLOT (MCF Universit&eacute; Libre de Bruxelles)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Jean-Pierre GUILHEMBET (PR Universit&eacute; Paris Cit&eacute;)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Gilles-Antoine LANGLOIS (PR ENSA Paris-Val de Seine)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">L&eacute;onore DUBOIS-LOSSERAND (MCF ENSA Paris-Val de Seine)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Giulia MARINO (PR Universit&eacute; Catholique de Louvain)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Gilles RAGOT (PR Universit&eacute; Bordeaux Montaigne)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Claire ROSSET (IR ATE)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Donato SEVERO (PR &eacute;m&eacute;rite ENSA Paris-Val de Seine)</span></li> </ul> <h1>Notes</h1> <p class="sdendnote" style="text-align: left;"><a class="sdendnotesym" href="#sdendnote1anc" name="sdendnote1sym">i</a> CHAKRABARTY, Dipesh, <em>Provincialiser l&rsquo;Europe, la pens&eacute;e postcoloniale et la diff&eacute;rence historique</em>, Paris&nbsp;: &eacute;ditions Amsterdam, 2020 (2000), fournit un d&eacute;bat contextuel contemporain &agrave; cette perspective, qui toutefois n&rsquo;est pas nouvelle et dont les biais peuvent &ecirc;tre discut&eacute;s&nbsp;; voir VOLAIT, Mercedes, &laquo;&nbsp;Provincialiser l&rsquo;architecture coloniale&nbsp;&raquo;, <em>abe journal</em>, n&deg;11, 2017. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4000/abe.4094">https://doi.org/10.4000/abe.4094</a></p> <p class="sdendnote" style="text-align: left;"><a class="sdendnotesym" href="#sdendnote2anc" name="sdendnote2sym">ii</a> BALANDIER, Georges, &laquo;&nbsp;La situation coloniale : approche th&eacute;orique&nbsp;&raquo;,&nbsp;<em>Cahiers internationaux de Sociologie</em>,&nbsp;n<sup>o</sup>11,&lrm;&nbsp;1951,&nbsp;p.&nbsp;44-79</p> <p class="sdendnote" style="text-align: left;"><a class="sdendnotesym" href="#sdendnote3anc" name="sdendnote3sym">iii</a> Ce dernier terme apparaissant alors plus juste &agrave; des chercheurs fran&ccedil;ais familiers de Fernand Braudel, quoique nous adoptions nous-m&ecirc;mes la formulation plus pr&eacute;cise de Chakrabarthy, celle d&rsquo;une histoire &laquo;&nbsp;plan&eacute;taire&nbsp;&raquo;.</p> <p class="sdendnote" style="text-align: left;"><a class="sdendnotesym" href="#sdendnote4anc" name="sdendnote4sym">iv</a> <a href="https://www.jstor.org/journal/quadernistorici">https://www.jstor.org/journal/quadernistorici</a> ; <a href="https://www.jstor.org/journal/jworldhistory">https://www.jstor.org/journal/jworldhistory</a> ; <a href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-global-history">https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-global-history</a></p> <p class="sdendnote" style="text-align: left;"><a class="sdendnotesym" href="#sdendnote5anc" name="sdendnote5sym">v</a><span lang="en-US"> CHING, Francis D.K.,</span><span lang="en-US"><em> A Global History of Architecture</em></span><span lang="en-US">, Hoboken (NJ) : Wiley, 2017 (3rd edition) ; JARZOMBEK, Mark M., Architecture of First Societies, Hoboken (NJ) : Wiley, 2013 ; JAMES-CHAKRABORTY, Kathleen, </span><span lang="en-US"><em>Architecture Since 1400</em></span><span lang="en-US">, Minneapolis : University of Minnesota Press, 2014. Sur la question urbanistique, par ex. HAHN, Barbara et ZWINGENBERGER, Meike (eds.), </span><span lang="en-US"><em>Global Cities - Metropolitan Cultures. A Transatlantic Perspective</em></span><span lang="en-US">, Publications of the Bavarian American, Academy, vol.11, Heidelberg : Universit&auml;tverlag Winter, 2011.</span></p> <p class="sdendnote" style="text-align: left;"><a class="sdendnotesym" href="#sdendnote6anc" name="sdendnote6sym">vi</a> Il serait trop long de colliger l&rsquo;importante production de vue &laquo;&nbsp;mondiales&nbsp;&raquo; de l&rsquo;architecture dans les mondes britanniques et &eacute;tasuniens, qui est de longue tradition. Ainsi par exemple&nbsp;: COPPLESTONE, Trewin, <em>World Architecture, an Illustrated History From Earliest Times</em>, London - New York &ndash; Sydney &ndash; Tokyo&nbsp;: Hamlyn, 1981, fait encore r&eacute;f&eacute;rence au manuel ancien de Sir Bannister Fletcher, publi&eacute; en 1896&nbsp;: <em>A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method</em>, qui introduisait dans une vision coloniale les architectures &laquo;&nbsp;traditionnelles&nbsp;&raquo; et non-historicis&eacute;es du monde extra-europ&eacute;en. Le RIBA a tent&eacute; en 2019, dans l&rsquo;&eacute;dition totalement refondue de Murray Fraser, de faire pi&egrave;ce &agrave; la vision lointaine de Bannister.</p> <p class="sdendnote" style="text-align: left;">On sait que Semper a &eacute;t&eacute; tr&egrave;s vivement frapp&eacute; par cette hutte, expos&eacute;e lors de la <em>Great Exhibition</em> de 1851 &agrave; Londres. Selon Caroline Van Eyck, c&rsquo;est l&rsquo;ann&eacute;e pr&eacute;c&eacute;dente qu&rsquo;il a vu &agrave; Paris les reliefs assyriens du Louvre, vision &agrave; l&rsquo;origine de sa th&eacute;orie de l&rsquo;enveloppe&nbsp;: VAN ECK, Caroline, &laquo;&nbsp;La sc&egrave;ne primitive de l&rsquo;architecture. Gottfried Semper et Alfred Gell, les origines, le style et les effets de l&rsquo;art&nbsp;&raquo;, <em>Revue Germanique internationale</em>, n&deg;26 / 2017, p.&nbsp;207-224. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4000/rgi.1695">https://doi.org/10.4000/rgi.1695</a> Plus r&eacute;cemment, Gr&eacute;gory Qu&eacute;net a fourni une interpr&eacute;tation d&rsquo;histoire environnementale de ces reliefs assyriens du Louvre qui avaient frapp&eacute; Semper&nbsp;: QUENET, Gr&eacute;gory, <em>L&rsquo;&eacute;cologie au mus&eacute;e. Un apr&egrave;s-midi au Louvre</em>, Paris&nbsp;: Macula, 2024, p.&nbsp;38-67</p> <p class="sdendnote" style="text-align: left;">HUET, Bernard, <em>Sur un &eacute;tat de la th&eacute;orie de l&rsquo;architecture au XX</em><sup><em>e</em></sup><em> si&egrave;cle</em>, Paris&nbsp;: Quintette, 2003, p.&nbsp;17</p> <p class="sdendnote" style="text-align: left;"><a class="sdendnotesym" href="#sdendnote9anc" name="sdendnote9sym">ix</a> CAUQUELIN, Anne, <em>Cin&eacute;villes</em>, Paris&nbsp;: UGE 10/18, 1979, p.126-127, traces d&rsquo;un dialogue &agrave; distance avec le Venturi de <em>De l&rsquo;ambigu&iuml;t&eacute;</em>&hellip;</p> <p class="sdendnote" style="text-align: left;"><a class="sdendnotesym" href="#sdendnote10anc" name="sdendnote10sym">x</a> Dans la lign&eacute;e, sur cette aire culturelle, du classique ouvrage d&rsquo;histoire de l&rsquo;art de SAID, Edward W., <em>L&rsquo;Orientalisme. L&rsquo;Orient construit par l&rsquo;Occident</em>, Paris&nbsp;: Seuil, 2005 (1978)</p> <p class="sdendnote" style="text-align: left;"><a class="sdendnotesym" href="#sdendnote11anc" name="sdendnote11sym">xi</a> BRUANT, Catherine, LEPRUN, Sylviane et VOLAIT, Mercedes (dir.), &laquo;&nbsp;Figures de l&rsquo;orientalisme en architecture&nbsp;&raquo;, <em>Revue du monde musulman et de la M&eacute;diterran&eacute;e</em>, n&deg;73-74, 1994 <a href="https://www.persee.fr/issue/remmm_0997-327_1994_num_73_1">https://www.persee.fr/issue/remmm_0997-327_1994_num_73_1</a> ; CHARNAY, Jean-Paul et GAULMIER, Jean (dir.), <em>L&rsquo;Orient : concept et images</em>, 15<sup>e</sup> colloque de l&rsquo;IRCOM, Paris&nbsp;: Universit&eacute; Paris-Sorbonne, 1987</p> <p class="sdendnote" style="text-align: left;"><a class="sdendnotesym" href="#sdendnote12anc" name="sdendnote12sym">xii</a> <em>Monuments Historiques</em>, n&deg;117, 1981, &laquo;&nbsp;Architecture d&rsquo;outre-mer&nbsp;&raquo;&nbsp;; CULOT, Maurice et THIVEAUD, Jean-Marie (dir.), <em>Architectures fran&ccedil;aises outre mer</em>, Li&egrave;ge&nbsp;: Mardaga, 1992&nbsp;; sur l&rsquo;urbain&nbsp;: GOERG, Odile et HUETZ DE LEMPS, Xavier, &laquo;&nbsp;La ville europ&eacute;enne outre-mer&nbsp;&raquo;, in PINOL, Jean-Luc (ed.), <em>Histoire de l&rsquo;Europe Urbaine</em>, vol.2, livre 5, Paris&nbsp;: Seuil, 2003, p.&nbsp;277-551&nbsp;</p> <p class="sdendnote" style="text-align: left;"><a class="sdendnotesym" href="#sdendnote13anc" name="sdendnote13sym">xiii</a> PABOIS, Marc et TOULIER, Bernard (dir.), <em>Architecture coloniale et patrimoine. L&rsquo;exp&eacute;rience fran&ccedil;aise</em>, Paris&nbsp;: INP et Somogy, 2005&nbsp;; DESSENS, Nathalie et LE GLAUNEC, Jean-Pierre, <em>Interculturalit&eacute;&nbsp;: la Louisiane au carrefour des cultures</em>, Qu&eacute;bec&nbsp;: Presses de l&rsquo;Universit&eacute; Laval, 2016</p> <p class="sdendnote" style="text-align: left;"><a class="sdendnotesym" href="#sdendnote14anc" name="sdendnote14sym">xiv</a> PAVIOL, Sophie, <em>Ali Tur. Un architecte moderne en Guadeloupe</em>, Infolio, 2014&nbsp;; ROBIN-CLERC, Mich&egrave;le, <em>Guadeloupe ann&eacute;es 30. Ali Tur, l&rsquo;architecte d&rsquo;une reconstruction</em>, Sainte-Anne&nbsp;: Entraxe, 2021</p> <p class="sdendnote" style="text-align: left;"><a class="sdendnotesym" href="#sdendnote15anc" name="sdendnote15sym">xv</a> HERBELIN, Caroline, <em>Architectures du Vietnam colonial. Repenser le m&eacute;tissage</em>, Paris&nbsp;: CTHS-INHA, 2016</p> <p class="sdendnote" style="text-align: left;"><a class="sdendnotesym" href="#sdendnote16anc" name="sdendnote16sym">xvi</a> WRIGHT, Gwendolyn, <em>Politics of Design in French Colonial Urbanism</em>, Chicago&nbsp;: University of Chicago Press, 1991&nbsp;; COQUERY-VIDROVITCH, Catherine, et GOERG, Odile, <em>La ville europ&eacute;enne outre mers&nbsp;: un mod&egrave;le conqu&eacute;rant&nbsp;? (XV</em><sup><em>e</em></sup><em>-XX</em><sup><em>e</em></sup><em> si&egrave;cles)</em>, Paris&nbsp;: L&rsquo;Harmattan, 1996</p> <p class="sdendnote" style="text-align: left;"><a class="sdendnotesym" href="#sdendnote17anc" name="sdendnote17sym">xvii</a> ELEB, Monique, &laquo;&nbsp;Une alternative &agrave; l'universalisme fonctionnaliste : Ecochard, Candilis et l'ATBAT-Afrique&nbsp;&raquo;, <em>Cahiers de la recherche architecturale et urbaine (CRAU)</em>, 2-3, 1999, p.&nbsp;167-180&nbsp;; GHORAYEB, Marl&egrave;ne, &laquo;&nbsp;Transferts, hybridations et renouvellements des savoirs. Parcours urbanistique et architectural de Michel &Eacute;cochard de 1932 &agrave; 1974&nbsp;&raquo;, <em>Cahiers de la recherche architecturale et urbaine et Paysag&egrave;re (</em><em>CRAUP)</em>, n&deg;2, 2018 <a href="https://doi.org/10.4000/craup.544">https://doi.org/10.4000/craup.544</a></p> <p class="sdendnote" style="text-align: left;"><a class="sdendnotesym" href="#sdendnote18anc" name="sdendnote18sym">xviii</a> Parmi les plus r&eacute;centes, celles du laboratoire Pl&eacute;iade de l&rsquo;EHESS, <em>Du transfert culturel au m&eacute;tissage</em>, Rennes&nbsp;: Presses universitaires de Rennes, 2019 <a href="https://books.openedition.org/pur/89338">https://books.openedition.org/pur/89338</a> et le num&eacute;ro du CRAUP attach&eacute; aux <em>Exils et migrations des architectes, des urbanistes, des paysagistes &agrave; l'&egrave;re contemporaine&nbsp;</em>: <a href="https://journals.openedition.org/craup/921">https://journals.openedition.org/craup/921</a></p> <p class="sdendnote" style="text-align: left;"><a class="sdendnotesym" href="#sdendnote19anc" name="sdendnote19sym">xix</a> Travaux issus d&rsquo;un programme de recherche de l&rsquo;INHA achev&eacute; en 2012, qui a donn&eacute; lieu &agrave; une base de donn&eacute;es en ligne et &agrave; un ouvrage : DUBOIS, Jacques, GUILLOUET, Jean-Marie et VAN DEN BOSSCHE, Beno&icirc;t (dir.), <em>Les transferts artistiques dans l'Europe gothique (XII</em><sup><em>e</em></sup><em>-XVI</em><sup><em>e</em></sup><em> si&egrave;cles). Repenser la circulation des artistes, des &oelig;uvres, des th&egrave;mes et des savoir-faire</em>, Paris&nbsp;: Picard, 2014</p> <p class="sdendnote" style="text-align: left;"><a class="sdendnotesym" href="#sdendnote20anc" name="sdendnote20sym">xx</a> SAVOT, Louis, <em>L&rsquo;architecture fran&ccedil;oise des bastimens particuliers</em>, (seconde &eacute;dition augment&eacute;e de Fran&ccedil;ois Blondel, 1685), Paris&nbsp;: Aubouin (1<sup>&egrave;re</sup> &eacute;d. 1624), p.&nbsp;19</p> <p class="sdendnote" style="text-align: left;"><a class="sdendnotesym" href="#sdendnote21anc" name="sdendnote21sym">xxi</a> JACQUET, Beno&icirc;t, &laquo;&nbsp;Itō Chūta et son &Eacute;tude architecturale du Hōryūji (1893) : comment et pourquoi int&eacute;grer l&rsquo;architecture japonaise dans une histoire mondiale&nbsp;&raquo;, <em>Ebisu. Etudes japonaises</em>, n&deg;52, 2015, p.&nbsp;89-116</p> <p class="sdendnote" style="text-align: left;"><a class="sdendnotesym" href="#sdendnote22anc" name="sdendnote22sym">xxii</a> MASATSUGU, Nishida, CLUZEL, Jean-S&eacute;bastien et BONNIN, Philippe, &laquo;&nbsp;Authenticit&eacute; &raquo; et reconstruction de la m&eacute;moire dans l'architecture monumentale japonaise&nbsp;&raquo;, <em>Espaces et soci&eacute;t&eacute;s</em>, n&deg;131, 2007/4, p.&nbsp;153-170 <a href="https://doi.org/10.3917/esp.131.0153">https://doi.org/10.3917/esp.131.0153</a></p> <p class="sdendnote" style="text-align: left;"><a class="sdendnotesym" href="#sdendnote23anc" name="sdendnote23sym">xxiii</a> GOURNAY, Isabelle, &laquo;&nbsp;&Eacute;l&egrave;ves architectes am&eacute;ricains &agrave; l&rsquo;&Eacute;cole des beaux-arts de Paris : un ph&eacute;nom&egrave;ne d&rsquo;&eacute;lite ?&nbsp;&raquo;, chmc2 (14 octobre 2019) <a href="https://doi.org/10.58079/mrm9">https://doi.org/10.58079/mrm9</a> ; LOYER, Fran&ccedil;ois (dir.), <em>Richard Morris Hunt architecte (1827-1895)</em>, Paris&nbsp;: CNMHS, 1989</p> <p class="sdendnote" style="text-align: left;"><a class="sdendnotesym" href="#sdendnote24anc" name="sdendnote24sym">xxiv</a> Pour un aper&ccedil;u sur le seul XX<sup>e</sup> si&egrave;cle&nbsp;: PINKNEY, David H., &laquo;&nbsp;Les architectes &eacute;trangers &agrave; Paris au XX<sup>e</sup> si&egrave;cle&nbsp;&raquo; et VITOU, Elisabeth, &laquo;&nbsp;Les &eacute;l&egrave;ves architectes &eacute;trangers &agrave; l&rsquo;Ecole des Beaux-Arts entre les deux guerres&nbsp;&raquo;, KASPI, Andr&eacute; et MARES, Antoine, <em>Le Paris des &eacute;trangers depuis un si&egrave;cle</em>, Paris&nbsp;: Imprimerie nationale, 1989, p.&nbsp;221-243</p> <p class="sdendnote" style="text-align: left;"><a class="sdendnotesym" href="#sdendnote25anc" name="sdendnote25sym">xxv</a> Plusieurs articles tir&eacute;s des 10 Cahiers de la recherche <em>HEnsA20</em> (Comit&eacute; d&rsquo;Histoire du MC, 2016-2021) peuvent &ecirc;tre consult&eacute;s sur ces &laquo;&nbsp;m&eacute;tissages&nbsp;&raquo; culturels de la formation des architectes &eacute;trangers en France&nbsp;: n&deg;1, 2016 (Allemagne, Etats-Unis), n&deg;2, 2016 (Angleterre), n&deg;3, 2017 (Allemagne), n&deg;6, 2019 (Etats-Unis, Chili, statistique globale).</p> <p class="sdendnote" style="text-align: left;"><a class="sdendnotesym" href="#sdendnote26anc" name="sdendnote26sym">xxvi</a> VENTURI, Robert, <em>De l&rsquo;ambigu&iuml;t&eacute; en architecture</em>, Paris&nbsp;: Dunod, 1976, p.&nbsp;31</p> <p class="sdendnote" style="text-align: left;"><a class="sdendnotesym" href="#sdendnote27anc" name="sdendnote27sym">xxvii</a> MEESSEN, Vincent (ed.), <em>L&rsquo;autre Pays / The Other Country</em>, Paris et&nbsp;Bruxelles : Centre Pompidou et Wiels Sternberg Press, 2018</p> <p class="sdendnote" style="text-align: left;"><a class="sdendnotesym" href="#sdendnote28anc" name="sdendnote28sym">xxviii</a> VITRUVE, <em>L&rsquo;architectur</em>e (traduction fran&ccedil;aise de Charles-Louis Maufras), Paris&nbsp;: Panckoucke, 1847, t.2, p.&nbsp;111</p> <p class="sdendnote" style="text-align: left;"><a class="sdendnotesym" href="#sdendnote29anc" name="sdendnote29sym">xxix</a> SINGARAVELOU, Pierre, ARGOUNES, Fabrice et FAUCOURT, Camille, (dir.), <em>Une autre histoire du monde</em>, Paris&nbsp;: Gallimard/MUCEM, 2023.</p> <p class="sdendnote" style="text-align: left;"><a class="sdendnotesym" href="#sdendnote30anc" name="sdendnote30sym">xxx</a> CHAR, Ren&eacute;, <em>Recherche de la base et du sommet</em>, Paris&nbsp;: Gallimard, 1971, p.&nbsp;55</p> </div> <div id="annonce-1245432-en" class="tabContent hidden" lang="en" xml:lang="en"> <h1>Presentation</h1> <p style="text-align: left;">The editorial board of the journal <em>Transversale</em> (<em>histoire architecture urbain paysage</em>), is launching its call for articles for its 9th issue (2025) on the theme:</p> <p style="text-align: left;">If the Westernization of the history of architecture fails to describe it in its entirety and, in the fields of architecture and urban planning, the "provincialization" of Europe can contribute to opening up unique and fertile researches. Without going back to the <em>Annales</em>, or even to the anti- and post-colonial positions of the 1950s, we will recall that the journal <em>Quaderni Storici</em> was founded in 1966 and that "global" and/or "world" history has experienced great development in the United States. A "planetary" history of architecture seems to us to be possible on these bases, today even better shared in British and American literature than in France. This is how American authors such as Francis Ching, Mark Jarzombek and Kathleen James-Chakraborty have attempted global syntheses of architecture, although still strongly marked by the Eurocentric vision. Even though, in this broader vision of "global" architecture, the architectures of several continents are more often juxtaposed than truly problematized according to the <em>paths</em>, exchanges and <em>hybridizations</em> that can result from them. This is the reason for the present call for articles.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">In continental Europe, since the early works of Gottfried Semper and his famous <em>Karibische H&uuml;tte </em>(1863), the works of architects, urban planners and historians on what could be called an anthropology of primitive architecture or, with Caroline Van Eyck, the outline of a "global history of material culture", are far from being in the majority. In fact, the majority of treatises and histories of architecture still classically trace back to Greece and Roman -Vitruvian- Antiquity the birth of the project, of the design itself, without which there would be no architecture. The modern period would thus begin sui generis with Filippo Brunelleschi and Leon Battista Alberti, as Anne Cauquelin noted in 1979: <em>"L&rsquo;enjeu, le pari architectural, c&rsquo;est cette jouissance d&eacute;miurgique de tenir un monde (l&rsquo;ouvrir, le &laquo;&nbsp;donner&nbsp;&raquo; &agrave; vivre). R&eacute;f&eacute;rence&nbsp;: la Renaissance, &eacute;poque b&eacute;nie du pouvoir-architecte (&agrave; lire Venturi, ce moderne, on est frapp&eacute; du nombre de r&eacute;f&eacute;rences au XVI</em><sup><em>e</em></sup><em> italien)"</em>. However, for about twenty years in France, several conferences and studies have worked on opening up architectural questions outside the agreed epistemological walls, first of all naturally in the areas where France has traded and colonized the most: the Mediterranean and the Near East, overseas and Africa. Similar research has been conducted - to stick to the French field - in the field of former colonies, most often through the prism of architectural heritage, raising the question of the relationship between "regional architecture" and "metropolitan architecture", or that of urban planning transposed to the colonies in a different social and climatic context. Works on the Atlantic axis and the Caribbean are also fruitful, whether they focus on experimentation or the concept of cultural &ldquo;crossroads&rdquo;, or on personal destinies and networks of influence, from the Gulf of Mexico to the China Sea.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">These works follow on from more general works such as those of Gwendolyn Wright on urban planning in the French colonies in Morocco, Madagascar and Indochina, or of Catherine Coquery-Vidrovitch and Odile Goerg on European cities overseas. Always through the prism of urban planning, these are sometimes more specific incursions, whether monograph, biography or prosopography. In reality, on all aspects of the production of French architects and urban planners around the Mediterranean, the Caribbean, the Middle East and Asia, recent studies are profuse - and we have not even mentioned the numerous and remarkable monographs of ORSTOM from the 1950s to the 1990s, nor the very many recent doctoral theses, available on line by HAL.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">More specifically for the medieval period, several art historians have produced a prosopography of "exogenous" artists, that is to say those who were able to work outside their original artistic area. This work carried out around Jean-Marie Guillo&uuml;et wanted to consider quantitatively the question of artistic transfers in Latin Europe, including the field of architecture. Travel, but also acculturation: from the reissue of the first practical French treatise on architecture in 1685, Fran&ccedil;ois Blondel insisted on the fact that <em>"Louis le Grand [&hellip;] ne s&rsquo;est pas content&eacute; d&rsquo;envoyer des gens habiles dans les pays o&ugrave; l&rsquo;on voit encore quelques vestiges de la grandeur des Romains et des Grecs, afin d&rsquo;en apporter des dessins pour servir &agrave; former le go&ucirc;t de la bonne architecture&nbsp;: mais m&ecirc;me sa Majest&eacute; a &eacute;tabli une Acad&eacute;mie &agrave; Paris o&ugrave; les r&egrave;gles de cet art sont publiquement enseign&eacute;es avec les parties de mathematique qui sont n&eacute;cessaires aux architectes."</em> This is a way of saying that travel is not a substitute for training in school and that in the European competition that was played out in the 17th century, the "scientific" and cultural competence of the architect is worth at least as much as imitation or inspiration.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">This call for articles does not therefore exclusively question what we could call the architect's apprenticeship novel. Whatever the motivations for the journey or activity outside one&rsquo;s native country, forced (exile, the search for refuge far from war or persecution) or chosen (the search for academic and/or field education), they give rise to the emergence of intersections of thoughts and forms. This question of the <em>braiding</em> of motifs and architectures of plural origins, varied threads leaving each one its visible autonomy in texture and color even if it participates in the whole, constitutes in our eyes a specific subject.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">And when this midfield, if we understand by it the product of a cultural geometry, cannot exist, how does a hybridization of cultural gestures operate? For example, what does Itō Chūta, the first Japanese historian of architecture, draw from his trip to Paris and the Ottoman Empire, which traces the possible filiations via India between Etruscan temples of the 4th century and the architecture of the Hōryūji in Nara? However, in the 1880s, the arrival in Japan of the English architect Josiah Conder introduced a Western architecture that immediately inspired practitioners such as Tatsuno Kingo (Tokyo Polytechnic, 1888). In the same period, a generation after Richard Morris Hunt, hundreds of American students, crossing the Atlantic, studied architecture in France. Beyond and without being able to mention all the past or current works, the current documentation highlights, for their sole relation to France, the travels, studies and achievements of European, Algerian, Moroccan, Egyptian, Iranian, Russian, Brazilian, Argentinian, Chilean, American and many other countries architects. When in French schools of architecture and in the majority of standard works on the theory and history of architecture, it is a European vision of architecture that is mainly questioned and exposed, the architectural hybridizations implemented testify to enriching and sometimes painful negotiations between the acquired, the discovery and the project.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Thus, the perspective of this issue 9 of <em>Transversale</em> is both specialized in its theme and broad in its geographical scope. What we will question is how an architect's perspective and practice are formed when he travels or receives instruction abroad, and whether or not this results in a weaving of influences; is to question architecture as a paradigmatic cultural crossroads: figures of astonishing travelers-architects naturally, but also methods, processes, measurements, itineraries, flows... From one construction site to another, over very long distances and this since Antiquity, the project manager, his collaborators and/or his executors, whose profession is nomadic "by nature", become themselves agents and vectors of materials and know-how, canons and theories, convictions and beliefs. The construction of a sanctuary then becomes the ephemeral and syncretic crossroads of cultures, crystallized in stone: the stupas of Gandhara at the turn of our era, on the shores of the Black Sea with the Empire of Trebizond, in Cyprus where the witnesses of the diffusion of Gothic remain.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">It is therefore not only the journey of the architect or urban planner (or of those who want to become one), often conceived as an opportunity for sampling or tracing, because experimenting with elsewhere is accompanied by rereading, reinterpretation and even resistance, which are not exclusively part of a colonial framework of thought. This experimentation can also immediately turn out to be a documentary exercise "for later", collected in notebooks and drawings on the spot. And then the architect is never alone: ​​to what extent do the visions of other architectures interact for each of the actors and/or travelers (borrowings, quotes, assemblages)? Robert Venturi - who cannot be considered a defender of the vernacular or of the multicultural in architecture - insists on the observation of &laquo;&nbsp;contradictory levels&nbsp;&raquo; that are the contrasts of scale, form and purpose: <em>"Les &eacute;l&eacute;ments peuvent &ecirc;tre en m&ecirc;me temps beaux et laids, grands et petits, ouverts et ferm&eacute;s, continus et articul&eacute;s, ronds et carr&eacute;s, structure et espace. Une architecture qui contient plusieurs niveaux de signification engendre l&rsquo;ambigu&iuml;t&eacute; et la tension."</em> Isn't this ambiguity what allows us to better grasp the quality of architectures that translate through their spaces, their uses and their details of form and ornament, the reticulated manifestation of several cultures and a subtle adaptation to diverse environments? Because in this debate obviously comes the question of the material available and used, the climate and the site, the conception that one has of a durability.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Three approaches to articles on these architectural &ldquo;pathways&rdquo;, &ldquo;hybridizations&rdquo; and &ldquo;braiding&rdquo; can be proposed within the framework of this call for articles, without chronological limits:</p> <ul> <li>The first would be in line with this monographic (or even biographical or prosopographical) recommendation by Fernand Braudel, concerning :&nbsp;<em>"N&rsquo;est-il pas bon que l&rsquo;histoire soit d&rsquo;abord une description, simple observation, classement sans trop d&rsquo;id&eacute;es pr&eacute;alables&nbsp;? Voir, faire voir, c&rsquo;est la moiti&eacute; de notre t&acirc;che."</em> The journeys and exchanges between people who have designed and built both in their native country and in <em>"L&rsquo;Autre Pays"</em> are particularly welcome;</li> <li>The second would rather be in the observation of the very measures and processes of braiding or hybridization, following in this the phenomenon of acculturation described by Vitruvius as a resistance of the other to oneself:&nbsp;<em>"Il ne m&rsquo;est pas venu &agrave; l&rsquo;esprit de d&eacute;pr&eacute;cier les inventions des autres pour faire valoir les miennes. &Agrave; l&rsquo;inverse, je me sens infiniment redevable aux auteurs qui ont recueilli les pens&eacute;es ing&eacute;nieuses des hommes de talent de toutes les &eacute;poques et nous ont procur&eacute;, chacun dans sa partie, une ample moisson."</em></li> <li>The third would be a more theoretical approach on an "architecture of exchanges", both situated, contextualized (whose diverse cultural roots would each be visible and deep), although coming from fields where the construction of historical time is fundamentally different, starting from the observation that this research has long been conducted on the visual arts, music and poetry, rather than in architecture. This work can notably account for the effects of the discovery of some "<em>alli&eacute;s substantiels</em>" and the composition of dialogues and correspondences.</li> </ul> <h1>Submission procedures and timetable</h1> <h3>Proposal to be sent by 30 April 2025 :</h3> <ul> <li>title</li> <li>abstract (1 page)</li> <li>CV (1/2 page)</li> </ul> <p style="text-align: left;">to:</p> <p style="text-align: left;"><strong>gilles.a.langlois@gmail.com.fr</strong><br><strong>marie.gaimard@gmail.com</strong><br><strong>leonore.losserand@paris-valdeseine.archi.fr</strong></p> <p style="text-align: left;">Timetable</p> <ul> <li>Notification of acceptance: 15 May 2025</li> <li>Submission of article: 1st September 2025</li> <li>Return to authors after double-blind reading: 30 September 2025</li> </ul> <p style="text-align: left;">Articles should be between 25,000 and 30,000 characters long.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">They may be written in French or English.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Sources, bibliography and references are given in footnotes. Abstracts (10 lines) in French/English and 5 keywords in French/English should be sent in the same file. Illustrations (royalty-free) will be attached in separate files.</p> <p style="text-align: left;"><em>See attached editorial charter for details.</em></p> <h1 class="MsoNormal">Revue <em>transversale / histoire architecture paysage urbain</em></h1> <p style="text-align: left;">Managing editor: Gilles-Antoine Langlois</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Editorial secretaries: Marie Gaimard and L&eacute;onore Dubois-Losserand</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Scientific journal with an international board and double-blind peer review, founded and published in 2016 at ENSAPBx (nos. 1 and 2), co-published by ENSABx / CNRS Passages - ENSAPVS / EVCAU (nos. 2, 4, 5), published by ENSAPVS / EVCAU digitally (HAL) and on paper (nos. 6, 7, 8).<br>From issue 9, published by ENSA Paris-Val-de-Seine/EVCAU and ENSA Normandie/ATE, distributed by MSH Paris.</p> <p style="text-align: left;">Sections: <em>transversale</em> publishes</p> <ul> <li>an annual thematic dossier;</li> <li>1 or 2 &lsquo;Varia&rsquo; per issue;</li> <li>the &lsquo;Research materials&rsquo; section hosts current research reports;</li> <li>the &lsquo;Pathways&rsquo; section is devoted to the work of students at ENSAPVS and ENSA Normandie.</li> </ul> <h1 class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Editorial board</span></h1> <ul> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Directeur de r&eacute;daction :&nbsp;</span><span lang="EN-US">Gilles-Antoine LANGLOIS, PR &eacute;m&eacute;rite ENSA Paris-Val de Seine</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Secr&eacute;taires de r&eacute;daction :&nbsp;</span><span lang="EN-US">Marie GAIMARD, MCF ENSA Normandie et&nbsp;</span><span lang="EN-US">L&eacute;onore DUBOIS-LOSSERAND, MCF ENSA Paris-Val de Seine</span></li> </ul> <h1 class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Scientific committee</span></h1> <ul> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Fabien BELLAT (EVCAU)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Gauthier BOLLE (MCF ENSA Strasbourg)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Serge BRIFFAUD (PR ENSAP Bordeaux)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">S&eacute;bastien CHERRUET (MCFA ENSA Normandie)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Laurence CHEVALLIER (MCF ENSAP Bordeaux)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">&Eacute;milie D&rsquo;ORGEIX (PR EPHE)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Samuel DRAPEAU (MCF ENSAP Bordeaux)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Ammar ELOUEINI (PR Tulane University New Orleans)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Marie GAIMARD (MCF ENSA Normandie)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Gwenn GAYET-KERGUIDUFF (IR EVCAU)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Laurence GILLOT (MCF Universit&eacute; Libre de Bruxelles)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Jean-Pierre GUILHEMBET (PR Universit&eacute; Paris Cit&eacute;)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Gilles-Antoine LANGLOIS (PR ENSA Paris-Val de Seine)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">L&eacute;onore DUBOIS-LOSSERAND (MCF ENSA Paris-Val de Seine)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Giulia MARINO (PR Universit&eacute; Catholique de Louvain)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Gilles RAGOT (PR Universit&eacute; Bordeaux Montaigne)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Claire ROSSET (IR ATE)</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Donato SEVERO (PR &eacute;m&eacute;rite ENSA Paris-Val de Seine)</span></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="categories" class="cat"> <p class="intitule">Catégories</p> <ul> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=228">Histoire</a> (Catégorie principale)</li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=327">Espaces</a> &gt; <a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=328">Afrique</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=327">Espaces</a> &gt; <a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=336">Amériques</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=327">Espaces</a> &gt; <a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=344">Asie</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=327">Espaces</a> &gt; <a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=354">Europe</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=327">Espaces</a> &gt; <a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=374">Océanie</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=259">Esprit et Langage</a> &gt; <a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=276">Représentations</a></li> <li><a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=259">Esprit et Langage</a> &gt; <a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=276">Représentations</a> &gt; <a href="search?primary=fsubject&amp;fsubject=282">Architecture</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="eventformats"><br></div> <div id="dates"> <p class="intitule">Dates</p> <ul> <li>mercredi 30 avril 2025</li> </ul> </div> <div id="attachments"> <p class="intitule">Fichiers attachés</p> <ul> <li><a href="1249146?file=1" target="_blank">transversale_comite-scientifique.pdf</a></li> <li><a href="1249151?file=1" target="_blank">AAA T9.2025.pdf</a></li> <li><a href="1249156?file=1" target="_blank">Charte éditoriale transversale 2025.pdf</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="motscles"> <p class="intitule">Mots-clés</p> <ul> <li>architecture, histoire, ville, paysage, espace, transfert culturel, histoire mondiale, histoire globale</li> </ul> </div> <div id="contacts"> <p class="intitule">Contacts</p> <ul> <li>Marie Gaimard<br/><em>courriel :</em> marie [dot] gaimard [at] rouen [dot] archi [dot] fr<br/></li> <li>Léonore Losserand<br/><em>courriel :</em> leonore [dot] losserand [at] paris-valdeseine [dot] archi [dot] fr<br/></li> <li>Gilles-Antoine Langlois<br/><em>courriel :</em> gilles [dot] a [dot] langlois [at] gmail [dot] com<br/></li> </ul> </div> <div id="source"> <p class="intitule">Source de l'information</p> <ul> <li>Claire Rosset<br/><em>courriel :</em> claire [dot] rosset [at] rouen [dot] archi [dot] fr</li> </ul> </div> <div id="license"> <p class="intitule">Licence</p> <p><a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"><img alt="CC0-1.0" class="cc" src="images/cc0-88x31.png" /></a> Cette annonce est mise à disposition selon les termes de la <a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universel</a>.</p> </div> <div id="citation"> <p class="intitule">Pour citer cette annonce</p> <p>« Parcours, tressages, hybridations : une histoire planétaire de l’architecture et de l’urbain », <span class="category">Appel à contribution</span>, <em>Calenda</em>, Publié le vendredi 21 mars 2025, <a class="url" href="https://doi.org/10.58079/13jb9">https://doi.org/10.58079/13jb9</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="news" 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