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Emeritus Professor in Child Health at the University of Nottingham. Despite recently retiring, he is still active in research and supervising postgraduate students.<br /><br /> He is one of the Deputy Editors for Archives of Disease in Childhood and is responsible for the Drug Therapy section of the journal.  He is an Academic Editor for PLoS ONE.<br /><br />His research interests include drug toxicity, the use of medicines, inequalities in child health  and access to medicines in children. 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100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Imti Choonara</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="23912667"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/23912667/Antibiotic_use_in_children_with_febrile_seizures"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Antibiotic use in children with febrile seizures" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/23912667/Antibiotic_use_in_children_with_febrile_seizures">Antibiotic use in children with febrile seizures</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NunnAnthony">Anthony Nunn</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://lacity.academia.edu/ImtiChoonara">Imti Choonara</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Annals of pharmacotherapy</span><span>, 1996</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The Annals of Pharmacotherapy. Skip to main page content. HOME; CURRENT ISSUE; ARCHIVES; FEEDBACK...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The Annals of Pharmacotherapy. Skip to main page content. HOME; CURRENT ISSUE; ARCHIVES; FEEDBACK; SUBSCRIPTIONS; ALERTS; HELP; SITE MAP; rss feed. Search for Keyword: GO. Advanced Search. Institution: Google Indexer. 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window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33248323]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33248323]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33248323; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33248323']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33248323]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33248323,"title":"Two Major Advances for our Journal","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33248323/Two_Major_Advances_for_our_Journal","owner_id":46201812,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":46201812,"first_name":"Anthony","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Nunn","page_name":"NunnAnthony","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-04-01T09:16:18.497-07:00","display_name":"Anthony Nunn","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NunnAnthony"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33248315"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/33248315/A_prospective_study_of_the_adverse_effects_of_midazolam_on_withdrawal_in_critically_ill_children"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A prospective study of the adverse effects of midazolam on withdrawal in critically ill children" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/33248315/A_prospective_study_of_the_adverse_effects_of_midazolam_on_withdrawal_in_critically_ill_children">A prospective study of the adverse effects of midazolam on withdrawal in critically ill children</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NunnAnthony">Anthony Nunn</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://lacity.academia.edu/ImtiChoonara">Imti Choonara</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Acta Paediatrica</span><span>, 1994</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Fifty-three critically ill infants and children received midazolam as sedation in a regional inte...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Fifty-three critically ill infants and children received midazolam as sedation in a regional intensive care unit. Assessment of the level of sedation was carried out at regular intervals on withdrawal of midazolam. Forty-nine patients were fully alert within 4 h of midazolam being stopped. Four patients took from 6 h to 1 week to become fully alert. Four patients had abnormal behaviour highly suggestive of midazolam withdrawal. The onset of abnormal behaviour was within 12 h of discontinuation of midazolam. The duration of the abnormal behaviour ranged from 3 h to 1 week. One child had a paradoxical reaction to midazolam. The overall incidence of adverse effects to midazolam in the patients studied was 17%. No adverse effects were observed in infants; all adverse effects were observed in children. We have shown that it is possible to prospectively study the toxicity of sedatives in critically ill infants and children.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33248315"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33248315"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33248315; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33248315]").text(description); 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33248315]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33248315,"title":"A prospective study of the adverse effects of midazolam on withdrawal in critically ill children","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33248315/A_prospective_study_of_the_adverse_effects_of_midazolam_on_withdrawal_in_critically_ill_children","owner_id":46201812,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":46201812,"first_name":"Anthony","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Nunn","page_name":"NunnAnthony","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-04-01T09:16:18.497-07:00","display_name":"Anthony Nunn","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NunnAnthony"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="23912592"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/23912592/Use_of_off_label_and_unlicensed_drugs_in_paediatric_intensive_care_unit"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Use of "off-label" and unlicensed drugs in paediatric intensive care unit" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/23912592/Use_of_off_label_and_unlicensed_drugs_in_paediatric_intensive_care_unit">Use of "off-label" and unlicensed drugs in paediatric intensive care unit</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NunnAnthony">Anthony Nunn</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://lacity.academia.edu/ImtiChoonara">Imti Choonara</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Lancet</span><span>, 1996</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Search by Subject Search using Medical Subject Headings (&amp;lt; b&amp;gt; MeSH&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Search by Subject Search using Medical Subject Headings (&amp;lt; b&amp;gt; MeSH&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;), a controlled vocabulary for indexing life sciences content.&amp;lt; br/&amp;gt; Note that some records do not have MeSH. These include Patents and the latest PubMed and PubMed Central records.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="23912592"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="23912592"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23912592; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=23912592]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=23912592]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=23912592]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":23912592,"title":"Use of \"off-label\" and unlicensed drugs in paediatric intensive care unit","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/23912592/Use_of_off_label_and_unlicensed_drugs_in_paediatric_intensive_care_unit","owner_id":46201812,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":46201812,"first_name":"Anthony","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Nunn","page_name":"NunnAnthony","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-04-01T09:16:18.497-07:00","display_name":"Anthony Nunn","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NunnAnthony"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33248322"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/33248322/Who_Profits_from_I_Paediatric_and_Perinatal_Drug_Therapy_I_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Who Profits from <I>Paediatric and Perinatal Drug Therapy</I>?" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/33248322/Who_Profits_from_I_Paediatric_and_Perinatal_Drug_Therapy_I_">Who Profits from <I>Paediatric and Perinatal Drug Therapy</I>?</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NunnAnthony">Anthony Nunn</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://lacity.academia.edu/ImtiChoonara">Imti Choonara</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Paediatric and Perinatal Drug Therapy</span><span>, 2000</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33248322"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33248322"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33248322; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33248322]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33248322,"title":"Who Profits from \u003cI\u003ePaediatric and Perinatal Drug Therapy\u003c/I\u003e?","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33248322/Who_Profits_from_I_Paediatric_and_Perinatal_Drug_Therapy_I_","owner_id":46201812,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":46201812,"first_name":"Anthony","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Nunn","page_name":"NunnAnthony","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-04-01T09:16:18.497-07:00","display_name":"Anthony Nunn","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NunnAnthony"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="29894981"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/29894981/International_Medical_Collaboration_Lessons_from_Cuba"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of International Medical Collaboration: Lessons from Cuba" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/50359398/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/29894981/International_Medical_Collaboration_Lessons_from_Cuba">International Medical Collaboration: Lessons from Cuba</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Over 50,000 Cuban health professionals are currently working overseas in 67 different countries. ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Over 50,000 Cuban health professionals are currently working overseas in 67 different countries. They work in conjunction with local health professionals. The majority work in primary care in deprived areas. The aim is to reduce morbidity and mortality but also improve health in the long term by training local health professionals, and building both institutions and a structure to deliver health care alongside educating the local population. Cuba is a small, middle-income country. It has, however, made a significant international contribution in relation to medical collaboration. Cuba's international collaboration is based on the principles of social justice and equity for all. It has set an example for other countries to emulate.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="970d64c26226e2013e300cb2dec0cb2b" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":50359398,"asset_id":29894981,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50359398/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="29894981"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="29894981"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29894981; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "970d64c26226e2013e300cb2dec0cb2b" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=29894981]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":29894981,"title":"International Medical Collaboration: Lessons from Cuba","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/29894981/International_Medical_Collaboration_Lessons_from_Cuba","owner_id":45978153,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":45978153,"first_name":"Imti","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Choonara","page_name":"ImtiChoonara","domain_name":"lacity","created_at":"2016-03-29T05:06:27.986-07:00","display_name":"Imti Choonara","url":"https://lacity.academia.edu/ImtiChoonara"},"attachments":[{"id":50359398,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/50359398/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Cubas_International_Collaboration_paper.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50359398/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"International_Medical_Collaboration_Less.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/50359398/Cubas_International_Collaboration_paper-libre.pdf?1479334222=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DInternational_Medical_Collaboration_Less.pdf\u0026Expires=1739908261\u0026Signature=RqzeHM-lDz8Lw4bAa9GDRDuk-9-M4tQW7wXQCcsBVK457xOWMzYyG7ixzqnrthan57mNSINxWm2X~tMCCKjy6UC3lIWpS6fYpRlCWa2p9xoTHOdfAaPc-dRDx1nf3bSD8D-iFHy0mf4f9b9VKVuG~X5UM5vGXVWIjzaPMmCJxUPiOF9xwwrwTXpd9-In7V850SFM2UqZfypcBHOGc8Q77yJQDKtDBiLorYvvGe8CYFm5XsADG9s3mwXDz~yi3g4lvM0WLQHYGxOvgnp9xoNM-EUMf3-dGKf4zkiO3VIa-65w21irkhUT6znpmLDOBNgz2l60sVR4uC0qtFweIt2z6A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="29500614"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/29500614/International_Medical_Collaboration_Lessons_from_Cuba"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of International Medical Collaboration: Lessons from Cuba" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/49938916/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/29500614/International_Medical_Collaboration_Lessons_from_Cuba">International Medical Collaboration: Lessons from Cuba</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Over 50,000 Cuban health professionals are currently working overseas in 67 different countries. ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Over 50,000 Cuban health professionals are currently working overseas in 67 different countries. They work in conjunction with local health professionals. The majority work in primary care in deprived areas. The aim is to reduce morbidity and mortality but also improve health in the long term by training local health professionals, and building both institutions and a structure to deliver health care alongside educating the local population. Cuba is a small, middle-income country. It has, however, made a significant international contribution in relation to medical collaboration. Cuba's international collaboration is based on the principles of social justice and equity for all. It has set an example for other countries to emulate.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8c3db581470bca4f9b201067473bf182" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":49938916,"asset_id":29500614,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49938916/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="29500614"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="29500614"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29500614; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=29500614]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=29500614]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29500614; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='29500614']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8c3db581470bca4f9b201067473bf182" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=29500614]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":29500614,"title":"International Medical Collaboration: Lessons from Cuba","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/29500614/International_Medical_Collaboration_Lessons_from_Cuba","owner_id":45978153,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":45978153,"first_name":"Imti","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Choonara","page_name":"ImtiChoonara","domain_name":"lacity","created_at":"2016-03-29T05:06:27.986-07:00","display_name":"Imti Choonara","url":"https://lacity.academia.edu/ImtiChoonara"},"attachments":[{"id":49938916,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/49938916/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Children_Int_med_collab_Cuba_2016_paper.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49938916/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"International_Medical_Collaboration_Less.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/49938916/Children_Int_med_collab_Cuba_2016_paper-libre.pdf?1477662564=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DInternational_Medical_Collaboration_Less.pdf\u0026Expires=1739908261\u0026Signature=cOeu1FJ6mIB~0jUQbotgrz-iBS2atqsUCNhaWokbhC3dUABlgFhIpnDalj9J~vNnd-vp~kt-TrwbfuJTRzNLhVHFkdgSiCiU6DaZ9TVhGsxDcMfhvQM-JlPgZ8~Kvo7ZpOkLMCKtpbZCLXXEHyreGDuyHn-icsHH-DssK7DQGhVm1t2EpJMCcfir8rFf6Id6By8yf4ivS6qJe8AW~U1nB7dtFbw50NUuyXdLud2OoKAbwAJeL7cLx8rlofHIQCA6wHlTUDadPaMOhrgg4162kAZLsj4BMyo39kGkjcLhQWTi-seKrke8GU0YxQ9eHnTjk73FMYcbWfl~7Bwx9lIUzQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="29005360"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/29005360/Access_to_antiepileptic_drug_therapy_in_children_in_Camag%C3%BCey_Province_Cuba"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Access to antiepileptic drug therapy in children in Camagüey Province, Cuba" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/49454050/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/29005360/Access_to_antiepileptic_drug_therapy_in_children_in_Camag%C3%BCey_Province_Cuba">Access to antiepileptic drug therapy in children in Camagüey Province, Cuba</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Objective To describe access to antiepileptic drug therapy and estimate the prevalence of epileps...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Objective To describe access to antiepileptic drug therapy and estimate the prevalence of epilepsy in children in Camagüey Province, Cuba. Methods All the community pharmacies in the province were visited and information collected about the number of children receiving antiepileptic drugs in 2009. Availability and cost of each antiepileptic drug were determined. The prevalence of epilepsy was estimated by determining the number of children receiving anti-epileptic drugs. Results There were 923 children who received a total of 977 antiepileptic drugs in Camagüey Province. The estimated prevalence of epilepsy was 5.18 per thousand children which is lower than previously reported rates in other low and lower-middle income countries. Most of the children (871, 94%) received a single antiepi-leptic drug. Carbamazepine and valproate were the two most frequently prescribed antiepileptic drugs. Antiepileptic drugs were available from the local pharmacy on 76% of occasions. If the antiepileptic drug was not available from the local pharmacy , the parent had to travel to another pharmacy to obtain the medicine. Conclusions The estimated prevalence of epilepsy in children in Cuba is lower than that estimated in other lower-middle income countries. Access to drug therapy in children with epilepsy can be achieved in lower-middle income countries.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="bd50c3cb706513bd3585001a52b5a4fe" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":49454050,"asset_id":29005360,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49454050/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="29005360"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="29005360"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29005360; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=29005360]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=29005360]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29005360; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='29005360']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "bd50c3cb706513bd3585001a52b5a4fe" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=29005360]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":29005360,"title":"Access to antiepileptic drug therapy in children in Camagüey Province, Cuba","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/29005360/Access_to_antiepileptic_drug_therapy_in_children_in_Camag%C3%BCey_Province_Cuba","owner_id":45978153,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":45978153,"first_name":"Imti","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Choonara","page_name":"ImtiChoonara","domain_name":"lacity","created_at":"2016-03-29T05:06:27.986-07:00","display_name":"Imti Choonara","url":"https://lacity.academia.edu/ImtiChoonara"},"attachments":[{"id":49454050,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/49454050/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Access_to_AEDs_paper.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49454050/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Access_to_antiepileptic_drug_therapy_in.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/49454050/Access_to_AEDs_paper-libre.pdf?1475944647=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAccess_to_antiepileptic_drug_therapy_in.pdf\u0026Expires=1739908261\u0026Signature=fSQRaMRUGDdnKfa9b~CRR6AuGuKyZ9RzM5gK1cagdxQb1WBBPofYRirrN9gQmFiE-IYTyzdpc8Ic-RDSJewecYqSu4uAmkmXfK9OOKkW7k-sALCxK~WjZG00hlxfLJru2gAJANR7Qm6jqo5IFMX2flvSSfW-hDbaO5QrYCCDLna1~Hitn8jY6OqVlYawhba9z1qflRncpdwXXMMLp3VBTTbsnPYsXRZRLHO8nmdLS7EcFv-IMTbiEET-cKzmOYzBIJ9o49URG5TVXNwzg~t5Ui0QzOnrmAWnfEkYLlvoa4LbYj943zZEuB-IEposwmj4AqZqrfivdAnytKHJSfGn7Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="29005361"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/29005361/Why_do_young_children_die_in_the_UK_A_comparison_with_Sweden"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Why do young children die in the UK? 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Drug toxicity in children is different to that seen in adults. At least one in 500 children will experience an adverse drug reaction each year. For children in hospital, the risk is far greater (one in ten). Additionally, different and sometimes unique adverse drug reactions are seen in the paediatric age groups. Some of the major cases of drug toxicity historically have occurred in neonates. It is important that we understand the mechanism of action of adverse drug reactions. Greater understanding alongside rational prescribing should hopefully reduce drug toxicity in children in the future.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="dec3a832679fcd9851f7edec24f9c284" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":49454064,"asset_id":29005359,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49454064/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="29005359"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="29005359"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29005359; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="29005358"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/29005358/Impact_of_the_2008_Economic_and_Financial_Crisis_on_Child_Health_A_Systematic_Review_on_Behalf_of_the_International_Network_for_Research_in_Inequalities_in_Child_Health_INRICH"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Impact of the 2008 Economic and Financial Crisis on Child Health: A Systematic Review on Behalf of the International Network for Research in Inequalities in Child Health (INRICH" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/49454053/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/29005358/Impact_of_the_2008_Economic_and_Financial_Crisis_on_Child_Health_A_Systematic_Review_on_Behalf_of_the_International_Network_for_Research_in_Inequalities_in_Child_Health_INRICH">Impact of the 2008 Economic and Financial Crisis on Child Health: A Systematic Review on Behalf of the International Network for Research in Inequalities in Child Health (INRICH</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://lacity.academia.edu/ImtiChoonara">Imti Choonara</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/TomasFaresj%C3%B6">Tomas Faresjö</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PatriciaLucas7">Patricia Lucas</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The aim of this study was to provide an overview of studies in which the impact of the 2008 econo...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The aim of this study was to provide an overview of studies in which the impact of the 2008 economic crisis on child health was reported. Structured searches of PubMed, and ISI Web of Knowledge, were conducted. Quantitative and qualitative studies reporting health outcomes on children, published since 2007 and related to the 2008 economic crisis were included. Two reviewers independently assessed studies for inclusion. Data were synthesised as a narrative review. Five hundred and six titles and abstracts were reviewed, from which 22 studies were included. The risk of bias for quantitative studies was mixed while qualitative studies showed low risk of bias. An excess of 28,000–50,000 infant deaths in 2009 was estimated in sub-Saharan African countries, and increased infant mortality in Greece was reported. Increased price of foods was related to worsening nutrition habits in disadvantaged families worldwide. An increase in violence against children was reported in the U.S., and inequalities in health-related quality of life appeared in some countries. Most studies suggest that the economic crisis has harmed children's health, and disproportionately affected the most vulnerable groups. There is an urgent need for further studies to monitor the child health effects of the global recession and to inform appropriate public policy responses.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="86483d17b2d48faf91e8bfee26814d91" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":49454053,"asset_id":29005358,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49454053/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="29005358"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="29005358"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29005358; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="29005357"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/29005357/Paediatric_clinical_pharmacology_in_the_UK"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Paediatric clinical pharmacology in the UK" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/49454046/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/29005357/Paediatric_clinical_pharmacology_in_the_UK">Paediatric clinical pharmacology in the UK</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Paediatric clinical pharmacology is the scientific study of medicines in children and is a relati...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Paediatric clinical pharmacology is the scientific study of medicines in children and is a relatively new subspecialty in paediatrics in the UK. Training encompasses both the study of the effectiveness of drugs in children (clinical trials) and aspects of drug toxicity (pharmacovigilance). Ethical issues in relation to clinical trials and also studies of the pharmacokinetics and drug metabolism in children are crucial. Paediatric patients require formulations that young children in particular are able to take. The scientific evidence generated from clinical trials, pharmacokinetic studies and studies of drug toxicity all need to be applied in order to ensure that medicines are used rationally in children.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b7fe5730b50b944d57b0bd48620cdf34" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":49454046,"asset_id":29005357,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49454046/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="29005357"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="29005357"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29005357; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="24481544"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/24481544/Improving_research_and_access_to_childrens_medicines_worldwide"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Improving research and access to children's medicines worldwide" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/24481544/Improving_research_and_access_to_childrens_medicines_worldwide">Improving research and access to children's medicines worldwide</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://ulb.academia.edu/BartVanOvermeire">Bart Van Overmeire</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://lacity.academia.edu/ImtiChoonara">Imti Choonara</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://univ-paris5.academia.edu/GerardPons">Gerard Pons</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Paediatric and Perinatal Drug Therapy</span><span>, 2008</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="24481544"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="24481544"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 24481544; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=24481544]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=24481544]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 24481544; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='24481544']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=24481544]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":24481544,"title":"Improving research and access to children's medicines worldwide","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/24481544/Improving_research_and_access_to_childrens_medicines_worldwide","owner_id":47112565,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":47112565,"first_name":"Bart Van","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Overmeire","page_name":"BartVanOvermeire","domain_name":"ulb","created_at":"2016-04-15T11:25:27.110-07:00","display_name":"Bart Van Overmeire","url":"https://ulb.academia.edu/BartVanOvermeire"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="24216682"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/24216682/Safety_of_fluconazole_in_paediatrics_a_systematic_review"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Safety of fluconazole in paediatrics: a systematic review" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/24216682/Safety_of_fluconazole_in_paediatrics_a_systematic_review">Safety of fluconazole in paediatrics: a systematic review</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ApostolosFakis">Apostolos Fakis</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://lacity.academia.edu/ImtiChoonara">Imti Choonara</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology</span><span>, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">To determine the safety of fluconazole in neonates and other paediatric age groups by identifying...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">To determine the safety of fluconazole in neonates and other paediatric age groups by identifying adverse events (AEs) and drug interactions associated with treatment. A search of EMBASE (1950-January 2012), MEDLINE (1946-January 2012), the Cochrane database for systematic reviews and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (1982-2012) for any clinical study about fluconazole use that involved at least one paediatric patient (≤17 years) was performed. Only articles with sufficient quality of safety reporting after patients&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; exposure to fluconazole were included. We identified 90 articles, reporting on 4,209 patients, which met our inclusion criteria. In total, 794 AEs from 35 studies were recorded, with hepatotoxicity accounting for 378 (47.6 %) of all AEs. When fluconazole was compared with placebo and other antifungals, the relative risk (RR) of hepatotoxicity was not statistically different [RR 1.36, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.87-2.14, P = 0.175 and RR 1.43, 95 % CI 0.67-3.03, P = 0.352, respectively]. Complete resolution of hepatoxicity was achieved by 84 % of patients with follow-up available. There was no statistical difference in the risk of gastrointestinal events of fluconazole compared with placebo and other antifungals (RR 0.81, 95 % CI 0.12-5.60, P = 0.831 and RR 1.23, 95 %CI 0.87-1.71, P = 0.235, respectively). There were 41 drug withdrawals, 17 (42 %) of which were due to elevated liver enzymes. Five reports of drug interactions occurred in children. Fluconazole is relatively safe for paediatric patients. Hepatotoxicity and gastrointestinal toxicity are the most common adverse events. It is important to be aware that drug interactions with fluconazole can result in significant toxicity.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="24216682"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="24216682"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 24216682; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=24216682]").text(description); 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=24216682]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":24216682,"title":"Safety of fluconazole in paediatrics: a systematic review","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/24216682/Safety_of_fluconazole_in_paediatrics_a_systematic_review","owner_id":46571847,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":46571847,"first_name":"Apostolos","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Fakis","page_name":"ApostolosFakis","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-04-07T00:38:07.528-07:00","display_name":"Apostolos Fakis","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ApostolosFakis"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="24216686"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/24216686/A_prospective_study_of_adverse_drug_reactions_to_antiepileptic_drugs_in_children"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A prospective study of adverse drug reactions to antiepileptic drugs in children" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/44547046/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/24216686/A_prospective_study_of_adverse_drug_reactions_to_antiepileptic_drugs_in_children">A prospective study of adverse drug reactions to antiepileptic drugs in children</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ApostolosFakis">Apostolos Fakis</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://lacity.academia.edu/ImtiChoonara">Imti Choonara</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>BMJ open</span><span>, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">To prospectively determine the nature and rate of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in children on an...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">To prospectively determine the nature and rate of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in children on antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and to prospectively evaluate the effect of AEDs on behaviour. A single centre prospective observational study. Children (&lt;18 years old) receiving one or more AEDs for epilepsy, at each clinically determined follow-up visit. Primary outcome was adverse reactions of AEDs. Behavioural and cognitive functions were secondary outcomes. 180 children were recruited. Sodium valproate and carbamazepine were the most frequently used AEDs. A total of 114 ADRs were recorded in 56 of these children (31%). 135 children (75%) were on monotherapy. 27 of the 45 children (60%) on polytherapy had ADRs; while 29 (21%) of those on monotherapy had ADRs. The risk of ADRs was significantly lower in patients receiving monotherapy than polytherapy (RR: 0.61, 95% CI 0.47 to 0.79, p&lt;0.0001). Behavioural problems and somnolence were the most common ADRs. 23 children had to discontinue ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="68741896426d731cc088782fa2b8fd18" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":44547046,"asset_id":24216686,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44547046/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="24216686"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="24216686"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 24216686; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "68741896426d731cc088782fa2b8fd18" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=24216686]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":24216686,"title":"A prospective study of adverse drug reactions to antiepileptic drugs in children","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/24216686/A_prospective_study_of_adverse_drug_reactions_to_antiepileptic_drugs_in_children","owner_id":46571847,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":46571847,"first_name":"Apostolos","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Fakis","page_name":"ApostolosFakis","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-04-07T00:38:07.528-07:00","display_name":"Apostolos Fakis","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ApostolosFakis"},"attachments":[{"id":44547046,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/44547046/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"A_prospective_study_of_adverse_drug_reac20160408-12291-fe6bqf.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44547046/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"A_prospective_study_of_adverse_drug_reac.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/44547046/A_prospective_study_of_adverse_drug_reac20160408-12291-fe6bqf-libre.pdf?1460146207=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_prospective_study_of_adverse_drug_reac.pdf\u0026Expires=1739908261\u0026Signature=VoIe7Y1yFSvGoVUmM4PBOILagH6ufqya6Z1UnWSwP4-IN7Yd0d5snC1sRrLdhTyNToT8w5VLxsYbckMvA8~w9qtwrh1TVMcrChpwcke6mhC1dKQnlVy3GAcUQAZJivHWGobFAbvfa2nxn-6x7jQeU7~aV8Sq5ORWMf3iuXH1isuPCs97AElPCD261K-a1YzToXmnUWjUuy5ijrU886WbqNYwkoDkNc2FT8lr649pxWTfTdPEJlNVxG7Qjzkl3bvxmPCC5CpMhVT0oEm7yYPiCBi19ns0fQ2dhSrdXyusdLVGPQd8JwBma4bfb85ycn5EfyXVhVXS1i7BZAD5gyRR0A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="23834844"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/23834844/Systematic_review_of_the_toxicity_of_short_course_oral_corticosteroids_in_children"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Systematic review of the toxicity of short-course oral corticosteroids in children" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/44301900/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/23834844/Systematic_review_of_the_toxicity_of_short_course_oral_corticosteroids_in_children">Systematic review of the toxicity of short-course oral corticosteroids in children</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Archives of disease in childhood</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Short-course oral corticosteroids are commonly used in children but are known to be associated wi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Short-course oral corticosteroids are commonly used in children but are known to be associated with adverse drug reactions (ADRs). This review aimed to identify the most common and serious ADRs and to determine their relative risk levels. A literature search of EMBASE, MEDLINE, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, CINAHL, Cochrane Library and PubMed was performed with no language restrictions to identify studies in which oral corticosteroids were administered to patients aged 28 days to 18 years of age for up to and including 14 days of treatment. Each database was searched from their earliest dates to December 2013. All studies providing clear information on ADRs were included. Thirty-eight studies including 22 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) met the inclusion criteria. The studies involved a total of 3200 children in whom 850 ADRs were reported. The three most frequent ADRs were vomiting, behavioural changes and sleep disturbance, with respective incidence rates of 5.4%, 4....</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2b13bbed16b707f5d2aa07a0e15499c9" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":44301900,"asset_id":23834844,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44301900/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="23834844"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="23834844"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23834844; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="4925988" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="23912667"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/23912667/Antibiotic_use_in_children_with_febrile_seizures"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Antibiotic use in children with febrile seizures" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/23912667/Antibiotic_use_in_children_with_febrile_seizures">Antibiotic use in children with febrile seizures</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NunnAnthony">Anthony Nunn</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://lacity.academia.edu/ImtiChoonara">Imti Choonara</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Annals of pharmacotherapy</span><span>, 1996</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The Annals of Pharmacotherapy. Skip to main page content. HOME; CURRENT ISSUE; ARCHIVES; FEEDBACK...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The Annals of Pharmacotherapy. Skip to main page content. HOME; CURRENT ISSUE; ARCHIVES; FEEDBACK; SUBSCRIPTIONS; ALERTS; HELP; SITE MAP; rss feed. Search for Keyword: GO. Advanced Search. Institution: Google Indexer. User Name Password Sign In. ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="23912667"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="23912667"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23912667; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=23912667]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=23912667]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33248323]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33248323,"title":"Two Major Advances for our Journal","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33248323/Two_Major_Advances_for_our_Journal","owner_id":46201812,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":46201812,"first_name":"Anthony","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Nunn","page_name":"NunnAnthony","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-04-01T09:16:18.497-07:00","display_name":"Anthony Nunn","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NunnAnthony"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33248315"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/33248315/A_prospective_study_of_the_adverse_effects_of_midazolam_on_withdrawal_in_critically_ill_children"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A prospective study of the adverse effects of midazolam on withdrawal in critically ill children" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/33248315/A_prospective_study_of_the_adverse_effects_of_midazolam_on_withdrawal_in_critically_ill_children">A prospective study of the adverse effects of midazolam on withdrawal in critically ill children</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NunnAnthony">Anthony Nunn</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://lacity.academia.edu/ImtiChoonara">Imti Choonara</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Acta Paediatrica</span><span>, 1994</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Fifty-three critically ill infants and children received midazolam as sedation in a regional inte...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Fifty-three critically ill infants and children received midazolam as sedation in a regional intensive care unit. Assessment of the level of sedation was carried out at regular intervals on withdrawal of midazolam. Forty-nine patients were fully alert within 4 h of midazolam being stopped. Four patients took from 6 h to 1 week to become fully alert. Four patients had abnormal behaviour highly suggestive of midazolam withdrawal. The onset of abnormal behaviour was within 12 h of discontinuation of midazolam. The duration of the abnormal behaviour ranged from 3 h to 1 week. One child had a paradoxical reaction to midazolam. The overall incidence of adverse effects to midazolam in the patients studied was 17%. No adverse effects were observed in infants; all adverse effects were observed in children. We have shown that it is possible to prospectively study the toxicity of sedatives in critically ill infants and children.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33248315"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33248315"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33248315; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33248315]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33248315]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33248315; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33248315']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33248315]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33248315,"title":"A prospective study of the adverse effects of midazolam on withdrawal in critically ill children","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33248315/A_prospective_study_of_the_adverse_effects_of_midazolam_on_withdrawal_in_critically_ill_children","owner_id":46201812,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":46201812,"first_name":"Anthony","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Nunn","page_name":"NunnAnthony","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-04-01T09:16:18.497-07:00","display_name":"Anthony Nunn","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NunnAnthony"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="23912592"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/23912592/Use_of_off_label_and_unlicensed_drugs_in_paediatric_intensive_care_unit"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Use of "off-label" and unlicensed drugs in paediatric intensive care unit" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/23912592/Use_of_off_label_and_unlicensed_drugs_in_paediatric_intensive_care_unit">Use of "off-label" and unlicensed drugs in paediatric intensive care unit</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NunnAnthony">Anthony Nunn</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://lacity.academia.edu/ImtiChoonara">Imti Choonara</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Lancet</span><span>, 1996</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Search by Subject Search using Medical Subject Headings (&amp;lt; b&amp;gt; MeSH&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Search by Subject Search using Medical Subject Headings (&amp;lt; b&amp;gt; MeSH&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;), a controlled vocabulary for indexing life sciences content.&amp;lt; br/&amp;gt; Note that some records do not have MeSH. These include Patents and the latest PubMed and PubMed Central records.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="23912592"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="23912592"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23912592; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=23912592]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=23912592]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=23912592]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":23912592,"title":"Use of \"off-label\" and unlicensed drugs in paediatric intensive care unit","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/23912592/Use_of_off_label_and_unlicensed_drugs_in_paediatric_intensive_care_unit","owner_id":46201812,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":46201812,"first_name":"Anthony","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Nunn","page_name":"NunnAnthony","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-04-01T09:16:18.497-07:00","display_name":"Anthony Nunn","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NunnAnthony"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33248322"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/33248322/Who_Profits_from_I_Paediatric_and_Perinatal_Drug_Therapy_I_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Who Profits from <I>Paediatric and Perinatal Drug Therapy</I>?" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/33248322/Who_Profits_from_I_Paediatric_and_Perinatal_Drug_Therapy_I_">Who Profits from <I>Paediatric and Perinatal Drug Therapy</I>?</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NunnAnthony">Anthony Nunn</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://lacity.academia.edu/ImtiChoonara">Imti Choonara</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Paediatric and Perinatal Drug Therapy</span><span>, 2000</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33248322"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33248322"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33248322; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33248322]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33248322]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33248322; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33248322']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33248322]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33248322,"title":"Who Profits from \u003cI\u003ePaediatric and Perinatal Drug Therapy\u003c/I\u003e?","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33248322/Who_Profits_from_I_Paediatric_and_Perinatal_Drug_Therapy_I_","owner_id":46201812,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":46201812,"first_name":"Anthony","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Nunn","page_name":"NunnAnthony","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-04-01T09:16:18.497-07:00","display_name":"Anthony Nunn","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NunnAnthony"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="29894981"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/29894981/International_Medical_Collaboration_Lessons_from_Cuba"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of International Medical Collaboration: Lessons from Cuba" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/50359398/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/29894981/International_Medical_Collaboration_Lessons_from_Cuba">International Medical Collaboration: Lessons from Cuba</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Over 50,000 Cuban health professionals are currently working overseas in 67 different countries. ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Over 50,000 Cuban health professionals are currently working overseas in 67 different countries. They work in conjunction with local health professionals. The majority work in primary care in deprived areas. The aim is to reduce morbidity and mortality but also improve health in the long term by training local health professionals, and building both institutions and a structure to deliver health care alongside educating the local population. Cuba is a small, middle-income country. It has, however, made a significant international contribution in relation to medical collaboration. Cuba's international collaboration is based on the principles of social justice and equity for all. It has set an example for other countries to emulate.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="970d64c26226e2013e300cb2dec0cb2b" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":50359398,"asset_id":29894981,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50359398/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="29894981"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="29894981"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29894981; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="29500614"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/29500614/International_Medical_Collaboration_Lessons_from_Cuba"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of International Medical Collaboration: Lessons from Cuba" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/49938916/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/29500614/International_Medical_Collaboration_Lessons_from_Cuba">International Medical Collaboration: Lessons from Cuba</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Over 50,000 Cuban health professionals are currently working overseas in 67 different countries. ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Over 50,000 Cuban health professionals are currently working overseas in 67 different countries. They work in conjunction with local health professionals. The majority work in primary care in deprived areas. The aim is to reduce morbidity and mortality but also improve health in the long term by training local health professionals, and building both institutions and a structure to deliver health care alongside educating the local population. Cuba is a small, middle-income country. It has, however, made a significant international contribution in relation to medical collaboration. Cuba's international collaboration is based on the principles of social justice and equity for all. It has set an example for other countries to emulate.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8c3db581470bca4f9b201067473bf182" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":49938916,"asset_id":29500614,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49938916/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="29500614"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="29500614"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29500614; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8c3db581470bca4f9b201067473bf182" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=29500614]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":29500614,"title":"International Medical Collaboration: Lessons from Cuba","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/29500614/International_Medical_Collaboration_Lessons_from_Cuba","owner_id":45978153,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":45978153,"first_name":"Imti","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Choonara","page_name":"ImtiChoonara","domain_name":"lacity","created_at":"2016-03-29T05:06:27.986-07:00","display_name":"Imti Choonara","url":"https://lacity.academia.edu/ImtiChoonara"},"attachments":[{"id":49938916,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/49938916/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Children_Int_med_collab_Cuba_2016_paper.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49938916/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"International_Medical_Collaboration_Less.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/49938916/Children_Int_med_collab_Cuba_2016_paper-libre.pdf?1477662564=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DInternational_Medical_Collaboration_Less.pdf\u0026Expires=1739908261\u0026Signature=cOeu1FJ6mIB~0jUQbotgrz-iBS2atqsUCNhaWokbhC3dUABlgFhIpnDalj9J~vNnd-vp~kt-TrwbfuJTRzNLhVHFkdgSiCiU6DaZ9TVhGsxDcMfhvQM-JlPgZ8~Kvo7ZpOkLMCKtpbZCLXXEHyreGDuyHn-icsHH-DssK7DQGhVm1t2EpJMCcfir8rFf6Id6By8yf4ivS6qJe8AW~U1nB7dtFbw50NUuyXdLud2OoKAbwAJeL7cLx8rlofHIQCA6wHlTUDadPaMOhrgg4162kAZLsj4BMyo39kGkjcLhQWTi-seKrke8GU0YxQ9eHnTjk73FMYcbWfl~7Bwx9lIUzQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="29005360"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/29005360/Access_to_antiepileptic_drug_therapy_in_children_in_Camag%C3%BCey_Province_Cuba"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Access to antiepileptic drug therapy in children in Camagüey Province, Cuba" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/49454050/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/29005360/Access_to_antiepileptic_drug_therapy_in_children_in_Camag%C3%BCey_Province_Cuba">Access to antiepileptic drug therapy in children in Camagüey Province, Cuba</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Objective To describe access to antiepileptic drug therapy and estimate the prevalence of epileps...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Objective To describe access to antiepileptic drug therapy and estimate the prevalence of epilepsy in children in Camagüey Province, Cuba. Methods All the community pharmacies in the province were visited and information collected about the number of children receiving antiepileptic drugs in 2009. Availability and cost of each antiepileptic drug were determined. The prevalence of epilepsy was estimated by determining the number of children receiving anti-epileptic drugs. Results There were 923 children who received a total of 977 antiepileptic drugs in Camagüey Province. The estimated prevalence of epilepsy was 5.18 per thousand children which is lower than previously reported rates in other low and lower-middle income countries. Most of the children (871, 94%) received a single antiepi-leptic drug. Carbamazepine and valproate were the two most frequently prescribed antiepileptic drugs. Antiepileptic drugs were available from the local pharmacy on 76% of occasions. If the antiepileptic drug was not available from the local pharmacy , the parent had to travel to another pharmacy to obtain the medicine. Conclusions The estimated prevalence of epilepsy in children in Cuba is lower than that estimated in other lower-middle income countries. Access to drug therapy in children with epilepsy can be achieved in lower-middle income countries.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="bd50c3cb706513bd3585001a52b5a4fe" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":49454050,"asset_id":29005360,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49454050/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="29005360"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="29005360"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29005360; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=29005360]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=29005360]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29005360; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='29005360']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "bd50c3cb706513bd3585001a52b5a4fe" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=29005360]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":29005360,"title":"Access to antiepileptic drug therapy in children in Camagüey Province, Cuba","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/29005360/Access_to_antiepileptic_drug_therapy_in_children_in_Camag%C3%BCey_Province_Cuba","owner_id":45978153,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":45978153,"first_name":"Imti","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Choonara","page_name":"ImtiChoonara","domain_name":"lacity","created_at":"2016-03-29T05:06:27.986-07:00","display_name":"Imti Choonara","url":"https://lacity.academia.edu/ImtiChoonara"},"attachments":[{"id":49454050,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/49454050/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Access_to_AEDs_paper.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49454050/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Access_to_antiepileptic_drug_therapy_in.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/49454050/Access_to_AEDs_paper-libre.pdf?1475944647=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAccess_to_antiepileptic_drug_therapy_in.pdf\u0026Expires=1739908261\u0026Signature=fSQRaMRUGDdnKfa9b~CRR6AuGuKyZ9RzM5gK1cagdxQb1WBBPofYRirrN9gQmFiE-IYTyzdpc8Ic-RDSJewecYqSu4uAmkmXfK9OOKkW7k-sALCxK~WjZG00hlxfLJru2gAJANR7Qm6jqo5IFMX2flvSSfW-hDbaO5QrYCCDLna1~Hitn8jY6OqVlYawhba9z1qflRncpdwXXMMLp3VBTTbsnPYsXRZRLHO8nmdLS7EcFv-IMTbiEET-cKzmOYzBIJ9o49URG5TVXNwzg~t5Ui0QzOnrmAWnfEkYLlvoa4LbYj943zZEuB-IEposwmj4AqZqrfivdAnytKHJSfGn7Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="29005361"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/29005361/Why_do_young_children_die_in_the_UK_A_comparison_with_Sweden"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Why do young children die in the UK? A comparison with Sweden" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/49454058/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/29005361/Why_do_young_children_die_in_the_UK_A_comparison_with_Sweden">Why do young children die in the UK? 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Drug toxicity in children is different to that seen in adults. At least one in 500 children will experience an adverse drug reaction each year. For children in hospital, the risk is far greater (one in ten). Additionally, different and sometimes unique adverse drug reactions are seen in the paediatric age groups. Some of the major cases of drug toxicity historically have occurred in neonates. It is important that we understand the mechanism of action of adverse drug reactions. Greater understanding alongside rational prescribing should hopefully reduce drug toxicity in children in the future.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="dec3a832679fcd9851f7edec24f9c284" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":49454064,"asset_id":29005359,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49454064/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="29005359"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="29005359"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29005359; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=29005359]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=29005359]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29005359; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='29005359']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="29005358"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/29005358/Impact_of_the_2008_Economic_and_Financial_Crisis_on_Child_Health_A_Systematic_Review_on_Behalf_of_the_International_Network_for_Research_in_Inequalities_in_Child_Health_INRICH"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Impact of the 2008 Economic and Financial Crisis on Child Health: A Systematic Review on Behalf of the International Network for Research in Inequalities in Child Health (INRICH" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/49454053/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/29005358/Impact_of_the_2008_Economic_and_Financial_Crisis_on_Child_Health_A_Systematic_Review_on_Behalf_of_the_International_Network_for_Research_in_Inequalities_in_Child_Health_INRICH">Impact of the 2008 Economic and Financial Crisis on Child Health: A Systematic Review on Behalf of the International Network for Research in Inequalities in Child Health (INRICH</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://lacity.academia.edu/ImtiChoonara">Imti Choonara</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/TomasFaresj%C3%B6">Tomas Faresjö</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PatriciaLucas7">Patricia Lucas</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The aim of this study was to provide an overview of studies in which the impact of the 2008 econo...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The aim of this study was to provide an overview of studies in which the impact of the 2008 economic crisis on child health was reported. Structured searches of PubMed, and ISI Web of Knowledge, were conducted. Quantitative and qualitative studies reporting health outcomes on children, published since 2007 and related to the 2008 economic crisis were included. Two reviewers independently assessed studies for inclusion. Data were synthesised as a narrative review. Five hundred and six titles and abstracts were reviewed, from which 22 studies were included. The risk of bias for quantitative studies was mixed while qualitative studies showed low risk of bias. An excess of 28,000–50,000 infant deaths in 2009 was estimated in sub-Saharan African countries, and increased infant mortality in Greece was reported. Increased price of foods was related to worsening nutrition habits in disadvantaged families worldwide. An increase in violence against children was reported in the U.S., and inequalities in health-related quality of life appeared in some countries. Most studies suggest that the economic crisis has harmed children's health, and disproportionately affected the most vulnerable groups. There is an urgent need for further studies to monitor the child health effects of the global recession and to inform appropriate public policy responses.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="86483d17b2d48faf91e8bfee26814d91" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":49454053,"asset_id":29005358,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49454053/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="29005358"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="29005358"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29005358; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="29005357"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/29005357/Paediatric_clinical_pharmacology_in_the_UK"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Paediatric clinical pharmacology in the UK" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/49454046/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/29005357/Paediatric_clinical_pharmacology_in_the_UK">Paediatric clinical pharmacology in the UK</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Paediatric clinical pharmacology is the scientific study of medicines in children and is a relati...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Paediatric clinical pharmacology is the scientific study of medicines in children and is a relatively new subspecialty in paediatrics in the UK. Training encompasses both the study of the effectiveness of drugs in children (clinical trials) and aspects of drug toxicity (pharmacovigilance). Ethical issues in relation to clinical trials and also studies of the pharmacokinetics and drug metabolism in children are crucial. Paediatric patients require formulations that young children in particular are able to take. The scientific evidence generated from clinical trials, pharmacokinetic studies and studies of drug toxicity all need to be applied in order to ensure that medicines are used rationally in children.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b7fe5730b50b944d57b0bd48620cdf34" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":49454046,"asset_id":29005357,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49454046/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="29005357"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="29005357"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29005357; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="24481544"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/24481544/Improving_research_and_access_to_childrens_medicines_worldwide"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Improving research and access to children's medicines worldwide" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/24481544/Improving_research_and_access_to_childrens_medicines_worldwide">Improving research and access to children's medicines worldwide</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://ulb.academia.edu/BartVanOvermeire">Bart Van Overmeire</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://lacity.academia.edu/ImtiChoonara">Imti Choonara</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://univ-paris5.academia.edu/GerardPons">Gerard Pons</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Paediatric and Perinatal Drug Therapy</span><span>, 2008</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="24481544"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="24481544"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 24481544; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=24481544]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=24481544]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 24481544; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='24481544']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=24481544]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":24481544,"title":"Improving research and access to children's medicines worldwide","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/24481544/Improving_research_and_access_to_childrens_medicines_worldwide","owner_id":47112565,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":47112565,"first_name":"Bart Van","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Overmeire","page_name":"BartVanOvermeire","domain_name":"ulb","created_at":"2016-04-15T11:25:27.110-07:00","display_name":"Bart Van Overmeire","url":"https://ulb.academia.edu/BartVanOvermeire"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="24216682"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/24216682/Safety_of_fluconazole_in_paediatrics_a_systematic_review"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Safety of fluconazole in paediatrics: a systematic review" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/24216682/Safety_of_fluconazole_in_paediatrics_a_systematic_review">Safety of fluconazole in paediatrics: a systematic review</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ApostolosFakis">Apostolos Fakis</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://lacity.academia.edu/ImtiChoonara">Imti Choonara</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology</span><span>, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">To determine the safety of fluconazole in neonates and other paediatric age groups by identifying...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">To determine the safety of fluconazole in neonates and other paediatric age groups by identifying adverse events (AEs) and drug interactions associated with treatment. A search of EMBASE (1950-January 2012), MEDLINE (1946-January 2012), the Cochrane database for systematic reviews and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (1982-2012) for any clinical study about fluconazole use that involved at least one paediatric patient (≤17 years) was performed. Only articles with sufficient quality of safety reporting after patients&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; exposure to fluconazole were included. We identified 90 articles, reporting on 4,209 patients, which met our inclusion criteria. In total, 794 AEs from 35 studies were recorded, with hepatotoxicity accounting for 378 (47.6 %) of all AEs. When fluconazole was compared with placebo and other antifungals, the relative risk (RR) of hepatotoxicity was not statistically different [RR 1.36, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.87-2.14, P = 0.175 and RR 1.43, 95 % CI 0.67-3.03, P = 0.352, respectively]. Complete resolution of hepatoxicity was achieved by 84 % of patients with follow-up available. There was no statistical difference in the risk of gastrointestinal events of fluconazole compared with placebo and other antifungals (RR 0.81, 95 % CI 0.12-5.60, P = 0.831 and RR 1.23, 95 %CI 0.87-1.71, P = 0.235, respectively). There were 41 drug withdrawals, 17 (42 %) of which were due to elevated liver enzymes. Five reports of drug interactions occurred in children. Fluconazole is relatively safe for paediatric patients. Hepatotoxicity and gastrointestinal toxicity are the most common adverse events. It is important to be aware that drug interactions with fluconazole can result in significant toxicity.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="24216682"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="24216682"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 24216682; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=24216682]").text(description); 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=24216682]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":24216682,"title":"Safety of fluconazole in paediatrics: a systematic review","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/24216682/Safety_of_fluconazole_in_paediatrics_a_systematic_review","owner_id":46571847,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":46571847,"first_name":"Apostolos","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Fakis","page_name":"ApostolosFakis","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-04-07T00:38:07.528-07:00","display_name":"Apostolos Fakis","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ApostolosFakis"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="24216686"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/24216686/A_prospective_study_of_adverse_drug_reactions_to_antiepileptic_drugs_in_children"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A prospective study of adverse drug reactions to antiepileptic drugs in children" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/44547046/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/24216686/A_prospective_study_of_adverse_drug_reactions_to_antiepileptic_drugs_in_children">A prospective study of adverse drug reactions to antiepileptic drugs in children</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ApostolosFakis">Apostolos Fakis</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://lacity.academia.edu/ImtiChoonara">Imti Choonara</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>BMJ open</span><span>, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">To prospectively determine the nature and rate of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in children on an...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">To prospectively determine the nature and rate of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in children on antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and to prospectively evaluate the effect of AEDs on behaviour. A single centre prospective observational study. Children (&lt;18 years old) receiving one or more AEDs for epilepsy, at each clinically determined follow-up visit. Primary outcome was adverse reactions of AEDs. Behavioural and cognitive functions were secondary outcomes. 180 children were recruited. Sodium valproate and carbamazepine were the most frequently used AEDs. A total of 114 ADRs were recorded in 56 of these children (31%). 135 children (75%) were on monotherapy. 27 of the 45 children (60%) on polytherapy had ADRs; while 29 (21%) of those on monotherapy had ADRs. The risk of ADRs was significantly lower in patients receiving monotherapy than polytherapy (RR: 0.61, 95% CI 0.47 to 0.79, p&lt;0.0001). Behavioural problems and somnolence were the most common ADRs. 23 children had to discontinue ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="68741896426d731cc088782fa2b8fd18" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":44547046,"asset_id":24216686,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44547046/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="24216686"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="24216686"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 24216686; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="23834844"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/23834844/Systematic_review_of_the_toxicity_of_short_course_oral_corticosteroids_in_children"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Systematic review of the toxicity of short-course oral corticosteroids in children" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/44301900/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/23834844/Systematic_review_of_the_toxicity_of_short_course_oral_corticosteroids_in_children">Systematic review of the toxicity of short-course oral corticosteroids in children</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Archives of disease in childhood</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Short-course oral corticosteroids are commonly used in children but are known to be associated wi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Short-course oral corticosteroids are commonly used in children but are known to be associated with adverse drug reactions (ADRs). This review aimed to identify the most common and serious ADRs and to determine their relative risk levels. A literature search of EMBASE, MEDLINE, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, CINAHL, Cochrane Library and PubMed was performed with no language restrictions to identify studies in which oral corticosteroids were administered to patients aged 28 days to 18 years of age for up to and including 14 days of treatment. Each database was searched from their earliest dates to December 2013. All studies providing clear information on ADRs were included. Thirty-eight studies including 22 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) met the inclusion criteria. The studies involved a total of 3200 children in whom 850 ADRs were reported. The three most frequent ADRs were vomiting, behavioural changes and sleep disturbance, with respective incidence rates of 5.4%, 4....</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2b13bbed16b707f5d2aa07a0e15499c9" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":44301900,"asset_id":23834844,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44301900/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="23834844"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="23834844"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23834844; 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