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<div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Indice</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Definizione" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Definizione"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Definizione</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Definizione-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Descrizione" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Descrizione"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Descrizione</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Descrizione-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Descrizione</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Descrizione-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Differenza_di_potenziale_elettrico" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Differenza_di_potenziale_elettrico"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Differenza di potenziale elettrico</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Differenza_di_potenziale_elettrico-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Forza_elettromotrice" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Forza_elettromotrice"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Forza elettromotrice</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Forza_elettromotrice-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Generatore_di_tensione" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Generatore_di_tensione"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Generatore di tensione</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Generatore_di_tensione-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relazioni_circuitali" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relazioni_circuitali"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Relazioni circuitali</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Relazioni_circuitali-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Relazioni circuitali</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Relazioni_circuitali-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Legge_di_Ohm" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legge_di_Ohm"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Legge di Ohm</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legge_di_Ohm-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Effetto_Joule" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Effetto_Joule"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Effetto Joule</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Effetto_Joule-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Livelli_di_tensione" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Livelli_di_tensione"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Livelli di tensione</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Livelli_di_tensione-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sicurezza" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sicurezza"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Sicurezza</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sicurezza-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Tensione elettrica</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 99 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-99" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">99 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektriese_spanning" title="Elektriese spanning - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Elektriese spanning" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%AF_%D9%83%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A" title="جهد كهربائي - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جهد كهربائي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C9%99rginlik_(elektrik)" title="Gərginlik (elektrik) - azerbaigiano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Gərginlik (elektrik)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaigiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%DA%98" title="وولتاژ - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="وولتاژ" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrische_Spaunnung" title="Elektrische Spaunnung - bavarese" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Elektrische Spaunnung" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bavarese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Электрычнае напружанне - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Электрычнае напружанне" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Напруга - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Напруга" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spaneng" title="Spaneng - betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Spaneng" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Електрическо напрежение - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Електрическо напрежение" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%AC" title="বিভব - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বিভব" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_napon" title="Električni napon - bosniaco" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Električni napon" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Difer%C3%A8ncia_de_potencial" title="Diferència de potencial - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Diferència de potencial" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boltahe" title="Boltahe - cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Boltahe" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A4%DB%86%DA%B5%D8%AA%DB%8C%DB%95" title="ڤۆڵتیە - curdo centrale" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڤۆڵتیە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="curdo centrale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrick%C3%A9_nap%C4%9Bt%C3%AD" title="Elektrické napětí - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Elektrické napětí" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%C4%95%D1%85" title="Электро хиврелĕх - ciuvascio" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Электро хиврелĕх" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ciuvascio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foltedd" title="Foltedd - gallese" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Foltedd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrisk_sp%C3%A6nding" title="Elektrisk spænding - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Elektrisk spænding" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrische_Spannung" title="Elektrische Spannung - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Elektrische Spannung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AC_%CE%B4%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%8D" title="Διαφορά δυναμικού - greco" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Διαφορά δυναμικού" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage" title="Voltage - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Voltage" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektra_tensio" title="Elektra tensio - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Elektra tensio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensi%C3%B3n_(electricidad)" title="Tensión (electricidad) - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tensión (electricidad)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinge_(elekter)" title="Pinge (elekter) - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Pinge (elekter)" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tentsio_(elektrizitatea)" title="Tentsio (elektrizitatea) - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Tentsio (elektrizitatea)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensi%C3%B3n" title="Tensión - estremegno" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Tensión" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="estremegno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%DA%98" title="ولتاژ - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ولتاژ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A4nnite" title="Jännite - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Jännite" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tension_%C3%A9lectrique" title="Tension électrique - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tension électrique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrisk_sp%C3%A4%C3%A4nang" title="Elektrisk späänang - frisone settentrionale" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Elektrisk späänang" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisone settentrionale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Difr%C3%ADocht_poit%C3%A9insil" title="Difríocht poitéinsil - irlandese" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Difríocht poitéinsil" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensi%C3%B3n_el%C3%A9ctrica" title="Tensión eléctrica - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Tensión eléctrica" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%97%D7%A9%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%99" title="מתח חשמלי - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מתח חשמלי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0" title="विभवांतर - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विभवांतर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napon" title="Napon - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Napon" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektromos_fesz%C3%BClts%C3%A9g" title="Elektromos feszültség - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Elektromos feszültség" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B7%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%AF%D5%BF%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AC%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="Էլեկտրական լարում - armeno" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Էլեկտրական լարում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage" title="Voltage - interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Voltage" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tegangan_listrik" title="Tegangan listrik - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Tegangan listrik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafspenna" title="Rafspenna - islandese" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Rafspenna" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%9C%A7" title="電圧 - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="電圧" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tegangan" title="Tegangan - giavanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Tegangan" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="giavanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%AB%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%95%E1%83%90" title="ელექტრული ძაბვა - georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ელექტრული ძაბვა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%83" title="Кернеу - kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Кернеу" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EC%95%95" title="전압 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="전압" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80_%D1%87%D1%8B%D2%A3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%83%D1%81%D1%83" title="Электр чыңалуусу - kirghiso" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Электр чыңалуусу" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghiso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensio_electrica" title="Tensio electrica - latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Tensio electrica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tension_eletriga" title="Tension eletriga - lombardo" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Tension eletriga" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrin%C4%97_%C4%AFtampa" title="Elektrinė įtampa - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Elektrinė įtampa" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spriegums" title="Spriegums - lettone" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Spriegums" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herinaratra" title="Herinaratra - malgascio" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Herinaratra" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgascio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Напон - macedone" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Напон" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BE%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%A4" title="വോൾട്ടത - malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വോൾട്ടത" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D2%AF%D1%87%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Хүчдэл - mongolo" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хүчдэл" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0" title="विभवांतर - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="विभवांतर" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltan" title="Voltan - malese" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Voltan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%97%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8" title="ဗို့အား - birmano" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဗို့အား" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrische_spanning" title="Elektrische spanning - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Elektrische spanning" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrisk_spenning" title="Elektrisk spenning - norvegese nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Elektrisk spenning" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegese nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="voce di qualità"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrisk_spenning" title="Elektrisk spenning - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Elektrisk spenning" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tension_electrica" title="Tension electrica - occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Tension electrica" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%9C" title="ਵੋਲਟੇਜ - punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਵੋਲਟੇਜ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napi%C4%99cie_elektryczne" title="Napięcie elektryczne - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Napięcie elektryczne" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%88%D9%84%D9%B9%DB%8C%D8%AC" title="وولٹیج - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="وولٹیج" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%D9%BC%DB%90%D8%AC" title="ولټېج - pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ولټېج" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tens%C3%A3o_el%C3%A9trica" title="Tensão elétrica - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Tensão elétrica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinchikilla_mast%27ay" title="Pinchikilla mast'ay - quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Pinchikilla mast'ay" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensiune_electric%C4%83" title="Tensiune electrică - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Tensiune electrică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Электрическое напряжение - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Электрическое напряжение" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage" title="Voltage - scozzese" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Voltage" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scozzese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_napon" title="Električni napon - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Električni napon" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="වෝල්ටීයතාව - singalese" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="වෝල්ටීයතාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage" title="Voltage - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Voltage" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrick%C3%A9_nap%C3%A4tie" title="Elektrické napätie - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Elektrické napätie" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dna_napetost" title="Električna napetost - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Električna napetost" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensioni_elektrik" title="Tensioni elektrik - albanese" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Tensioni elektrik" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Електрични напон - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Електрични напон" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltase" title="Voltase - sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Voltase" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrisk_sp%C3%A4nning" title="Elektrisk spänning - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Elektrisk spänning" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volteji" title="Volteji - swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Volteji" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="மின்னழுத்தம் - tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மின்னழுத்தம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%8D" title="వోల్టేజ్ - telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="వోల్టేజ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%9F%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2" title="แรงดันไฟฟ้า - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แรงดันไฟฟ้า" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boltahe" title="Boltahe - tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Boltahe" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerilim_(elektrik)" title="Gerilim (elektrik) - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gerilim (elektrik)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80_%D0%BA%D3%A9%D1%87%D3%99%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5" title="Электр көчәнеше - tataro" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Электр көчәнеше" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tataro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%83_%D8%A8%DB%90%D8%B3%D9%89%D9%85%D9%89" title="توك بېسىمى - uiguro" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="توك بېسىمى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uiguro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Електрична напруга - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Електрична напруга" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%88%D9%84%D9%B9%DB%8C%D8%AC" title="وولٹیج - urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="وولٹیج" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektr_kuchlanish" title="Elektr kuchlanish - uzbeco" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Elektr kuchlanish" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hi%E1%BB%87u_%C4%91i%E1%BB%87n_th%E1%BA%BF" title="Hiệu điện thế - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hiệu điện thế" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dendu_mb%C3%ABj" title="Dendu mbëj - wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Dendu mbëj" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%8E%8B" title="电压 - wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="电压" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%95%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%98%D7%90%D7%96%D7%A9" title="וואלטאזש - yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="וואלטאזש" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%A3%93" title="電壓 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="電壓" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%A3%93" title="電壓 - cinese classico" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="電壓" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="cinese classico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%C4%81n-ap" title="Tiān-ap - min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tiān-ap" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%A3%93" title="電壓 - cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="電壓" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubuvuve" title="Ubuvuve - zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Ubuvuve" 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href="/wiki/Speciale:PuntanoQui/Tensione_elettrica" title="Elenco di tutte le pagine che sono collegate a questa [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Puntano qui</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:ModificheCorrelate/Tensione_elettrica" rel="nofollow" title="Elenco delle ultime modifiche alle pagine collegate a questa [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Modifiche correlate</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:PagineSpeciali" title="Elenco di tutte le pagine speciali [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pagine speciali</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tensione_elettrica&oldid=140301351" title="Collegamento permanente a questa versione di questa pagina"><span>Link permanente</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tensione_elettrica&action=info" title="Ulteriori informazioni su questa pagina"><span>Informazioni pagina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Cita&page=Tensione_elettrica&id=140301351&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informazioni su come citare questa pagina"><span>Cita questa voce</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fit.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTensione_elettrica%23Differenza_di_potenziale_elettrico"><span>Ottieni URL breve</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fit.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTensione_elettrica%23Differenza_di_potenziale_elettrico"><span>Scarica codice QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Stampa/esporta </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Libro&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Tensione+elettrica"><span>Crea un libro</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:DownloadAsPdf&page=Tensione_elettrica&action=show-download-screen"><span>Scarica come PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tensione_elettrica&printable=yes" title="Versione stampabile di questa pagina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versione stampabile</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In altri progetti </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Voltage" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiversity mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikiversity.org/wiki/Tensione_elettrica" hreflang="it"><span>Wikiversità</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q25428" title="Collegamento all'elemento connesso dell'archivio dati [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Elemento Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Strumenti pagine"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspetto"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspetto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Reindirizzamento da <strong><a href="/w/index.php?title=Differenza_di_potenziale_elettrico&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Differenza di potenziale elettrico">Differenza di potenziale elettrico</a></strong>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><p>La <b>tensione elettrica</b>, spesso chiamata semplicemente <b>tensione</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> è una <a href="/wiki/Grandezza_fisica" title="Grandezza fisica">grandezza fisica</a> proporzionale alla quantità di <a href="/wiki/Energia_elettrica" title="Energia elettrica">energia</a> richiesta per muovere una <a href="/wiki/Carica_elettrica" title="Carica elettrica">carica elettrica</a> tra due punti nello spazio.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Il suo valore dipende in generale da un campo elettrico variabile nello spazio e nel tempo e dal percorso orientato, quando però il campo elettrico è un campo elettrostatico allora la tensione coincide con la <a href="/wiki/Differenza_di_potenziale" title="Differenza di potenziale">differenza</a> di <a href="/wiki/Potenziale_elettrico" title="Potenziale elettrico">potenziale elettrico</a> tra i due punti di inizio e fine del percorso. La tensione elettrica è misurabile con il <a href="/wiki/Voltmetro" title="Voltmetro">voltmetro</a>, talvolta è impropriamente indicata con il termine "voltaggio", <a href="/wiki/Francesismo" class="mw-redirect" title="Francesismo">francesismo</a> derivato da <i>voltage</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> La tensione elettrica è generalmente indicata con il simbolo <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle v}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>v</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle v}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e07b00e7fc0847fbd16391c778d65bc25c452597" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.128ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle v}"></span> se variabile nel tempo e con il simbolo <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle V}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>V</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle V}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/af0f6064540e84211d0ffe4dac72098adfa52845" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.787ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle V}"></span> se costante nel tempo; nel <a href="/wiki/Sistema_internazionale_di_unit%C3%A0_di_misura" title="Sistema internazionale di unità di misura">sistema internazionale di unità di misura</a> è misurata in <a href="/wiki/Volt" title="Volt">volt</a>, simbolo <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {V} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {V} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/664209da7650f00b3507efe25f89aeff9783146c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.743ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {V} }"></span>, che per definizione è omogeneo al rapporto tra <a href="/wiki/Joule" title="Joule">joule</a> e <a href="/wiki/Coulomb" title="Coulomb">coulomb</a> e che in termini di grandezze fondamentali è dato dal prodotto <a href="/wiki/Chilogrammo" title="Chilogrammo">kg</a> × <a href="/wiki/Metro" title="Metro">m</a><sup>2</sup> × <a href="/wiki/Ampere" title="Ampere">A</a><sup>−1</sup> × <a href="/wiki/Secondo" title="Secondo">s</a><sup>−3</sup>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definizione">Definizione</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tensione_elettrica&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Definizione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tensione_elettrica&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Definizione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Considerato un <a href="/wiki/Campo_elettrico" title="Campo elettrico">campo elettrico</a> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathbf {E} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">E</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathbf {E} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0d7f22b39d51f780fc02859059c1757c606b9de2" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.757ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathbf {E} }"></span> su una regione di spazio in cui è presente una <a href="/wiki/Carica_elettrica" title="Carica elettrica">carica elettrica</a> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q_{0}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q_{0}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/9d68d37de188ac61f0c0e3f31d5322d1c486f2f4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.091ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q_{0}}"></span> tale che il suo <a href="/wiki/Campo_elettrico" title="Campo elettrico">campo elettrico</a> non perturbi il campo <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathbf {E} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">E</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathbf {E} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0d7f22b39d51f780fc02859059c1757c606b9de2" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.757ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathbf {E} }"></span>, e una <a href="/wiki/Forza" title="Forza">forza</a> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathbf {F} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">F</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathbf {F} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/da18bef8c979f3548bb0d8976f5844012d7b8256" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.683ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathbf {F} }"></span> di qualsiasi natura agente sulla carica <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q_{0}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q_{0}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/9d68d37de188ac61f0c0e3f31d5322d1c486f2f4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.091ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q_{0}}"></span> (quindi chiamata <a href="/wiki/Forza_elettrica" class="mw-redirect" title="Forza elettrica">forza elettrica</a>) allora la forza e il campo elettrico sono legati alla carica elettrica tramite la relazione <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathbf {F} =q_{0}\mathbf {E} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">F</mi> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">E</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathbf {F} =q_{0}\mathbf {E} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ff7b28dad35556688ac437efd57870cb882f4d83" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:8.629ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathbf {F} =q_{0}\mathbf {E} }"></span>. Allo spostamento elementare <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {d} \mathbf {s} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">s</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {d} \mathbf {s} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0b53965c8f86e8a184dff634475ea13b8fa6c722" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.348ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {d} \mathbf {s} }"></span> della carica <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q_{0}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q_{0}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/9d68d37de188ac61f0c0e3f31d5322d1c486f2f4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.091ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q_{0}}"></span> causato dalla forza elettrica <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathbf {F} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">F</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathbf {F} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/da18bef8c979f3548bb0d8976f5844012d7b8256" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.683ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathbf {F} }"></span> è allora possibile associare un <a href="/wiki/Lavoro_elettrico" title="Lavoro elettrico">lavoro elettrico</a> elementare <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {d} L_{e}=\mathbf {F} \cdot \mathrm {d} \mathbf {s} =q_{0}\mathbf {E} \cdot \mathrm {d} \mathbf {s} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi> </mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>e</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">F</mi> </mrow> <mo>⋅</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">s</mi> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">E</mi> </mrow> <mo>⋅</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">s</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {d} L_{e}=\mathbf {F} \cdot \mathrm {d} \mathbf {s} =q_{0}\mathbf {E} \cdot \mathrm {d} \mathbf {s} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b50543b49dea49cdd5ba98d6e271882e2f10d367" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:23.656ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {d} L_{e}=\mathbf {F} \cdot \mathrm {d} \mathbf {s} =q_{0}\mathbf {E} \cdot \mathrm {d} \mathbf {s} }"></span>. Definito allora un percorso <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \gamma _{\mathrm {AB} }}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>γ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">A</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">B</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \gamma _{\mathrm {AB} }}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/6f63d443bc2aa2fa102789d8b48ba7caad895cec" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:3.833ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \gamma _{\mathrm {AB} }}"></span> compreso tra due punti <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {A} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">A</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {A} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ff6366939c4ebbd4e8494d0dedc54c4b8dd7135a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.743ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {A} }"></span> e <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {B} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">B</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {B} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/93003d072991ba424a73ed1e081afe55c124b6ce" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.646ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {B} }"></span> si ha allora che il lavoro elettrico lungo <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \gamma _{\mathrm {AB} }}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>γ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">A</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">B</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \gamma _{\mathrm {AB} }}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/6f63d443bc2aa2fa102789d8b48ba7caad895cec" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:3.833ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \gamma _{\mathrm {AB} }}"></span> è:<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle L_{e}=q_{0}\int _{\gamma _{\mathrm {AB} }}\mathbf {E} \cdot \mathrm {d} \mathbf {s} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>e</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msub> <mi>γ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">A</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">B</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">E</mi> </mrow> <mo>⋅</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">s</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle L_{e}=q_{0}\int _{\gamma _{\mathrm {AB} }}\mathbf {E} \cdot \mathrm {d} \mathbf {s} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c2b35fbeb463fd8178b51c30fc5a9b718a877c6c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.838ex; width:18.815ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle L_{e}=q_{0}\int _{\gamma _{\mathrm {AB} }}\mathbf {E} \cdot \mathrm {d} \mathbf {s} }"></span></dd></dl> <p>Definita allora la tensione come un grandezza proporzionale al lavoro richiesto per muovere una <a href="/wiki/Carica_elettrica" title="Carica elettrica">carica elettrica</a> tra due punti nello spazio si ha che <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle L_{e}=q_{0}V_{\gamma _{\mathrm {AB} }}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>e</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>q</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msub> <mi>γ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">A</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">B</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle L_{e}=q_{0}V_{\gamma _{\mathrm {AB} }}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/9bc57bfeca9c2eb76eb8d86fd63113a8320d6008" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:12.32ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle L_{e}=q_{0}V_{\gamma _{\mathrm {AB} }}}"></span>. La tensione <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle V_{\gamma _{\mathrm {AB} }}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msub> <mi>γ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">A</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">B</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle V_{\gamma _{\mathrm {AB} }}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b0efad7efb2b9b727907b5948af4a0ce581f0bcc" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:4.549ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle V_{\gamma _{\mathrm {AB} }}}"></span> tra due punti <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {A} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">A</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {A} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ff6366939c4ebbd4e8494d0dedc54c4b8dd7135a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.743ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {A} }"></span> e <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {B} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">B</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {B} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/93003d072991ba424a73ed1e081afe55c124b6ce" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.646ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {B} }"></span> in una regione di spazio su cui agisce un <a href="/wiki/Campo_elettrico" title="Campo elettrico">campo elettrico</a> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathbf {E} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">E</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathbf {E} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0d7f22b39d51f780fc02859059c1757c606b9de2" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.757ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathbf {E} }"></span> è quindi definita come l'<a href="/wiki/Integrale_di_linea_di_seconda_specie" title="Integrale di linea di seconda specie">integrale di linea</a> del campo elettrico lungo un percorso <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \gamma _{\mathrm {AB} }}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>γ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">A</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">B</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \gamma _{\mathrm {AB} }}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/6f63d443bc2aa2fa102789d8b48ba7caad895cec" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:3.833ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \gamma _{\mathrm {AB} }}"></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle V_{\gamma _{\mathrm {AB} }}=\int _{\gamma _{\mathrm {AB} }}\mathbf {E} \cdot \mathrm {d} \mathbf {s} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msub> <mi>γ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">A</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">B</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msub> <mi>γ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">A</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">B</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">E</mi> </mrow> <mo>⋅</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">s</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle V_{\gamma _{\mathrm {AB} }}=\int _{\gamma _{\mathrm {AB} }}\mathbf {E} \cdot \mathrm {d} \mathbf {s} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/95aec0c579ca1da58bda26ad8c614b2ba0d114b2" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.838ex; width:18.304ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle V_{\gamma _{\mathrm {AB} }}=\int _{\gamma _{\mathrm {AB} }}\mathbf {E} \cdot \mathrm {d} \mathbf {s} }"></span></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Descrizione">Descrizione</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tensione_elettrica&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Descrizione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tensione_elettrica&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Descrizione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Differenza_di_potenziale_elettrico">Differenza di potenziale elettrico</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tensione_elettrica&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Differenza di potenziale elettrico" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tensione_elettrica&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Differenza di potenziale elettrico"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r130657691">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .vedi-anche{font-size:95%}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r139142988">.mw-parser-output .hatnote-content{align-items:center;display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{font-style:italic}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote{border:1px solid #CCC;display:flex;margin:.5em 0;padding:.2em .5em}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{padding-left:.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{padding-right:8px}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{height:auto;width:16px}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new{color:#d73333}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new:visited{color:#a55858}</style> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/27px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/36px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="280" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: <b><a href="/wiki/Potenziale_elettrico" title="Potenziale elettrico">Potenziale elettrico</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <p>La <a href="/wiki/Differenza_di_potenziale" title="Differenza di potenziale">differenza</a> di <a href="/wiki/Potenziale_elettrico" title="Potenziale elettrico">potenziale elettrico</a> è una tensione generata da un campo elettrico conservativo <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathbf {E} _{s}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">E</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathbf {E} _{s}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/97cca204fba570543613205a32216a8f234752a4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.76ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathbf {E} _{s}}"></span> detto <a href="/wiki/Campo_elettrostatico" class="mw-redirect" title="Campo elettrostatico">campo elettrostatico</a> che può essere generato da un distribuzione fissa di cariche o da una <a href="/wiki/Corrente_elettrica" title="Corrente elettrica">corrente elettrica</a> le cui cariche si muovono di <a href="/wiki/Moto_rettilineo_uniforme" class="mw-redirect" title="Moto rettilineo uniforme">moto rettilineo uniforme</a>, ovvero una <a href="/wiki/Corrente_continua" title="Corrente continua">corrente continua</a>. Essendo il campo elettrostatico un <a href="/wiki/Campo_vettoriale_conservativo" title="Campo vettoriale conservativo">campo vettoriale conservativo</a> allora il suo <a href="/wiki/Integrale_di_linea_di_seconda_specie" title="Integrale di linea di seconda specie">integrale di linea</a> lungo un percorso di estremi <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle A}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>A</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle A}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/7daff47fa58cdfd29dc333def748ff5fa4c923e3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.743ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle A}"></span> e <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle B}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>B</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle B}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/47136aad860d145f75f3eed3022df827cee94d7a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.764ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle B}"></span> e quindi la tensione associata è:<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle V=\int _{A}^{B}\mathbf {E} _{s}\,d\mathbf {s} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>V</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msubsup> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>A</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">E</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi>d</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">s</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle V=\int _{A}^{B}\mathbf {E} _{s}\,d\mathbf {s} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d7682ec8439a5e007faed896a0657f1b9c11b2d5" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:14.636ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle V=\int _{A}^{B}\mathbf {E} _{s}\,d\mathbf {s} }"></span> </p><p>Essendo conservativo il campo elettrostatico ammette un <a href="/wiki/Potenziale_scalare" title="Potenziale scalare">potenziale scalare</a> detto <a href="/wiki/Potenziale_elettrico" title="Potenziale elettrico">potenziale elettrico</a> il cui valore dipende dalla posizione e non dal percorso effettuato per raggiungerla, allora per il <a href="/wiki/Teorema_fondamentale_del_calcolo_integrale" title="Teorema fondamentale del calcolo integrale">teorema fondamentale del calcolo integrale</a> si ha che la tensione è pari alla <a href="/wiki/Differenza_di_potenziale" title="Differenza di potenziale">differenza di potenziale</a> elettrico <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \Delta {V}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>V</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \Delta {V}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/db2c1564b0d2cfb4d8a2eca9c8bd710cf53f4263" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:3.723ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \Delta {V}}"></span> tra gli estremi del percorso: </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \Delta {V}=V_{B}-V_{A}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>V</mi> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>−</mo> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>A</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \Delta {V}=V_{B}-V_{A}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e4361b89a7dfb471a1c119bc649bfce7380808e7" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:15.317ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \Delta {V}=V_{B}-V_{A}}"></span> </p><p>Il segno della differenza di potenziale elettrico, così come in generale quello della tensione, dipende dal verso di percorrenza che deve essere determinato da una convenzione di segno. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Forza_elettromotrice">Forza elettromotrice</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tensione_elettrica&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Forza elettromotrice" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tensione_elettrica&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Forza elettromotrice"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r130657691"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r139142988"> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/27px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/36px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="280" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: <b><a href="/wiki/Forza_elettromotrice" title="Forza elettromotrice">Forza elettromotrice</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <p>La <a href="/wiki/Forza_elettromotrice" title="Forza elettromotrice">forza elettromotrice</a> è una tensione calcolata lungo un percorso chiuso <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle l}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>l</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle l}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/829091f745070b9eb97a80244129025440a1cfac" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:0.693ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle l}"></span> che solitamente viene indicata con la sigla <i>f.e.m.</i> oppure con il simbolo <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathcal {E}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi class="MJX-tex-caligraphic" mathvariant="script">E</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathcal {E}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/9c298ed828ff778065aeb5f0f305097f55bb9ae0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.311ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\mathcal {E}}}"></span>. Per definizione allora:<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathcal {E}}=\oint _{l}\mathbf {E} \,d\mathbf {s} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi class="MJX-tex-caligraphic" mathvariant="script">E</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mo>∮</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>l</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">E</mi> </mrow> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi>d</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">s</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathcal {E}}=\oint _{l}\mathbf {E} \,d\mathbf {s} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d913e6e72ed11a3fa8fc4d43b8bc75c1d4896f3f" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:11.406ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\mathcal {E}}=\oint _{l}\mathbf {E} \,d\mathbf {s} }"></span> </p><p>La forza elettromotrice associata a un campo elettrostatico si può calcolare come differenza di potenziale elettrico tra i punti di inizio e fine percorso, che però nel caso di un percorso chiuso coincidono, segue quindi che la forza elettromotrice di un campo elettrostatico è sempre nulla: </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathcal {E}}=\int _{A}^{B\equiv A}\mathbf {E} _{s}\,d\mathbf {s} =0}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi class="MJX-tex-caligraphic" mathvariant="script">E</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msubsup> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>A</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>B</mi> <mo>≡</mo> <mi>A</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">E</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi>d</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">s</mi> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathcal {E}}=\int _{A}^{B\equiv A}\mathbf {E} _{s}\,d\mathbf {s} =0}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/9bc24dc755ac5527028ede0a698d87a39bfab98c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:20.931ex; height:6.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\mathcal {E}}=\int _{A}^{B\equiv A}\mathbf {E} _{s}\,d\mathbf {s} =0}"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Generatore_di_tensione">Generatore di tensione</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tensione_elettrica&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Generatore di tensione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tensione_elettrica&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Generatore di tensione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r130657691"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r139142988"> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/27px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/36px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="280" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: <b><a href="/wiki/Generatore_di_tensione" title="Generatore di tensione">Generatore di tensione</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <p>Affinché la forza elettromotrice abbia un valore non nullo, alla forza elettrica agente sulle cariche deve essere associato un campo non conservativo e ciò è possibile attraverso l'utilizzo di un <a href="/wiki/Generatore_di_tensione" title="Generatore di tensione">generatore di tensione</a>. La tensione <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle E}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>E</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle E}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4232c9de2ee3eec0a9c0a19b15ab92daa6223f9b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.776ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle E}"></span> tra i due <a href="/wiki/Morsetto_(elettrotecnica)" title="Morsetto (elettrotecnica)">poli</a> di un generatore reale inserito in un circuito è inferiore rispetto alla forza elettromotrice generata in quanto la <a href="/wiki/Corrente_elettrica" title="Corrente elettrica">corrente elettrica</a> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle i}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>i</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle i}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/add78d8608ad86e54951b8c8bd6c8d8416533d20" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:0.802ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle i}"></span> che scorre nel generatore attraversa una <a href="/wiki/Resistenza_elettrica" title="Resistenza elettrica">resistenza elettrica</a> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle R_{i}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle R_{i}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/db421291be9d0103404ced7495b363437b67b6b1" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.564ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle R_{i}}"></span> interna al generatore che dissipa parte dell'<a href="/wiki/Energia_elettrica" title="Energia elettrica">energia elettrica</a> prodotta in <a href="/wiki/Calore" title="Calore">calore</a> per <a href="/wiki/Effetto_Joule" title="Effetto Joule">effetto Joule</a>. La tensione ai poli di un generatore allora è: </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle E={\mathcal {E}}-R_{i}i}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>E</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi class="MJX-tex-caligraphic" mathvariant="script">E</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>−</mo> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mi>i</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle E={\mathcal {E}}-R_{i}i}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/48f3d8b79da1ffae7a45dd3e6637182023465cba" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:12.392ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle E={\mathcal {E}}-R_{i}i}"></span> </p><p>La non idealità di un generatore di tensione può essere causata, oltre che dalle cadute ohmiche, anche dalle cadute di potenziale associate a eventuali <a href="/wiki/Sovratensione_(elettrochimica)" title="Sovratensione (elettrochimica)">sovratensioni</a> interne al generatore, di natura <a href="/wiki/Elettrochimica" title="Elettrochimica">elettrochimica</a> (se il generatore è una <a href="/wiki/Cella_galvanica" title="Cella galvanica">cella galvanica</a>, ad esempio una <a href="/wiki/Pila_(elettrotecnica)" title="Pila (elettrotecnica)">pila</a>). Per i calcoli di grandezze elettriche, si può tenere conto degli effetti delle sovratensioni pensando alla resistenza interna come la somma delle cadute ohmiche e delle sovratensioni, ma tale semplificazione non può essere utilizzata per il calcolo del calore sviluppato per <a href="/wiki/Effetto_Joule" title="Effetto Joule">effetto Joule</a>, in quanto l'energia dissipata dalle sovratensioni è convertita solo in parte in calore; l'altra parte di tale energia può essere invece convertita per lo svolgimento di vari processi interni alla <a href="/wiki/Cella_elettrochimica" title="Cella elettrochimica">cella elettrochimica</a>, tra cui: <a href="/wiki/Semireazione" title="Semireazione">reazioni di trasferimento di carica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scambio_di_materia" title="Scambio di materia">trasporto</a> degli <a href="/wiki/Ione" title="Ione">ioni</a> nell'<a href="/wiki/Elettrolita" title="Elettrolita">elettrolita</a> e deposizione degli ioni agli <a href="/wiki/Elettrodo" title="Elettrodo">elettrodi</a>. </p><p>In una spira che racchiude una superficie attraversata da un <a href="/wiki/Flusso_magnetico" title="Flusso magnetico">flusso magnetico</a>, si genera una forza elettromotrice proporzionale alla velocità di variazione di flusso nel tempo. Una differenza di potenziale è anche generata tra gli estremi di un <a href="/wiki/Conduttore_elettrico" title="Conduttore elettrico">conduttore elettrico</a> che si muove perpendicolarmente a un <a href="/wiki/Campo_magnetico" title="Campo magnetico">campo magnetico</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Relazioni_circuitali">Relazioni circuitali</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tensione_elettrica&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Relazioni circuitali" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tensione_elettrica&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Relazioni circuitali"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legge_di_Ohm">Legge di Ohm</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tensione_elettrica&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Legge di Ohm" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tensione_elettrica&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Legge di Ohm"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r130657691"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r139142988"> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/27px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/36px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="280" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: <b><a href="/wiki/Legge_di_Ohm" title="Legge di Ohm">Legge di Ohm</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <p>Alla base del comportamento dei circuiti con carico puramente resistivo, vi è la legge di Ohm. Essa stabilisce che se si applica una tensione <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle V}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>V</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle V}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/af0f6064540e84211d0ffe4dac72098adfa52845" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.787ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle V}"></span> ai capi di una <a href="/wiki/Resistenza_elettrica" title="Resistenza elettrica">resistenza</a> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle R}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>R</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle R}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4b0bfb3769bf24d80e15374dc37b0441e2616e33" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.764ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle R}"></span>, l'<a href="/wiki/Intensit%C3%A0_di_corrente" title="Intensità di corrente">intensità</a> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle I}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>I</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle I}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/535ea7fc4134a31cbe2251d9d3511374bc41be9f" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.172ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle I}"></span> della <a href="/wiki/Corrente_elettrica" title="Corrente elettrica">corrente elettrica</a> risultante che la attraversa, è <a href="/wiki/Proporzionalit%C3%A0_(matematica)" title="Proporzionalità (matematica)">direttamente proporzionale</a> alla tensione e <a href="/wiki/Proporzionalit%C3%A0_(matematica)" title="Proporzionalità (matematica)">inversamente proporzionale</a> alla resistenza: </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle I={\frac {V}{R}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>I</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>V</mi> <mi>R</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle I={\frac {V}{R}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a3f79c0e6370e9516dd8670460b5b119f526e159" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.005ex; width:6.894ex; height:5.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle I={\frac {V}{R}}}"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Effetto_Joule">Effetto Joule</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tensione_elettrica&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la sezione Effetto Joule" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tensione_elettrica&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Effetto Joule"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r130657691"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r139142988"> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/27px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/36px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="280" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: <b><a href="/wiki/Effetto_Joule" title="Effetto Joule">Effetto Joule</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <p>La corrente elettrica che passa attraverso un componente resistivo (R), genera una dissipazione di <a href="/wiki/Potenza_elettrica" title="Potenza elettrica">potenza</a> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle P}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>P</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle P}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b4dc73bf40314945ff376bd363916a738548d40a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.745ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle P}"></span> il cui valore è dato dal prodotto dell'intensità (I) per la differenza di potenziale (V): </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle P=VI=RI^{2}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>P</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>V</mi> <mi>I</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>R</mi> <msup> <mi>I</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle P=VI=RI^{2}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/7e838f1b2294ef55153d11cc39ef3e90b550708d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:14.936ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle P=VI=RI^{2}}"></span> </p><p>Tale fenomeno è detto <a href="/wiki/Effetto_Joule" title="Effetto Joule">effetto Joule</a>. La tensione tra due o più rami del circuito posti in serie è pari alla somma tra le tensioni dei singoli rami, mentre due punti che in un circuito sono connessi da un conduttore ideale (cioè avente resistenza nulla) hanno differenza di potenziale pari a zero. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Livelli_di_tensione">Livelli di tensione</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tensione_elettrica&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifica la sezione Livelli di tensione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tensione_elettrica&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Livelli di tensione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:High_voltage_warning.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/High_voltage_warning.svg/220px-High_voltage_warning.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/High_voltage_warning.svg/330px-High_voltage_warning.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/High_voltage_warning.svg/440px-High_voltage_warning.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="704" data-file-height="591" /></a><figcaption>Segnale di pericolo per la presenza di <a href="/wiki/Alta_tensione" title="Alta tensione">alta tensione</a></figcaption></figure> <p>La classificazione della tensione elettrica è differente a seconda dell'ambito a cui si fa riferimento e al tipo di corrente (<a href="/wiki/Corrente_alternata" title="Corrente alternata">alternata</a> o <a href="/wiki/Corrente_continua" title="Corrente continua">continua</a>). In particolare secondo quanto dettato dalla norma <a href="/wiki/Comitato_elettrotecnico_italiano" title="Comitato elettrotecnico italiano">CEI</a> <a href="/wiki/Comitato_europeo_di_normazione" title="Comitato europeo di normazione">EN</a> 50110-1 <i>"Esercizio degli impianti elettrici"</i>, la tensione elettrica viene classificata come indicato nella seguente tabella:<sup id="cite_ref-eplus_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eplus-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Tensione</th> <th>Abbreviazione</th> <th>Categoria</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Corrente_alternata" title="Corrente alternata">Corrente alternata</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Corrente_continua" title="Corrente continua">Corrente continua</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bassissima_tensione" title="Bassissima tensione">Bassissima tensione</a></td> <td>BBT</td> <td>0</td> <td>0 ÷ <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7001500000000000000♠"></span>50 <a href="/wiki/Volt" title="Volt">V</a></span></td> <td>0 ÷ <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7002120000000000000♠"></span>120 <a href="/wiki/Volt" title="Volt">V</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bassa_tensione" title="Bassa tensione">Bassa tensione</a></td> <td>BT</td> <td>I</td> <td>50 ÷ <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003100000000000000♠"></span>1<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span> V</span></td> <td>120 ÷ <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003150000000000000♠"></span>1<span style="margin-left:.25em;">500</span> V</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Media_tensione" title="Media tensione">Media tensione</a></td> <td>MT</td> <td>II</td> <td>1 000 ÷ <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004300000000000000♠"></span>30<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span> V</span></td> <td>15 00 ÷ <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004300000000000000♠"></span>30<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span> V</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alta_tensione" title="Alta tensione">Alta tensione</a></td> <td>AT</td> <td>III</td> <td>> <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004300000000000000♠"></span>30<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span> V</span></td> <td>> <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004300000000000000♠"></span>30<span style="margin-left:.25em;">000</span> V</span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>La norma CEI EN 50160 (a cui fa riferimento l'<a href="/wiki/Autorit%C3%A0_per_l%27energia_elettrica_e_il_gas" class="mw-redirect" title="Autorità per l'energia elettrica e il gas">ARERA</a>) riporta invece i seguenti valori:<sup id="cite_ref-eplus_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eplus-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Tensione</th> <th>Abbreviazione</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Tensione_nominale" title="Tensione nominale">Tensione nominale</a> tra le fasi </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bassa_tensione" title="Bassa tensione">Bassa tensione</a></td> <td>BT</td> <td>0 ÷ <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7003100000000000000♠"></span>1 <a href="/wiki/Volt" title="Volt">kV</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Media_tensione" title="Media tensione">Media tensione</a></td> <td>MT</td> <td>1 ÷ <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004350000000000000♠"></span>35 kV</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alta_tensione" title="Alta tensione">Alta tensione</a></td> <td>AT</td> <td>35 ÷ <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7005150000000000000♠"></span>150 kV</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Altissima_tensione" class="mw-redirect" title="Altissima tensione">Altissima tensione</a></td> <td>AAT</td> <td>> <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7005150000000000000♠"></span>150 kV</span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sicurezza">Sicurezza</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tensione_elettrica&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifica la sezione Sicurezza" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tensione_elettrica&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Sicurezza"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r139142988"> <div class="hatnote noprint disclaimer"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Nuvola_apps_important.svg/18px-Nuvola_apps_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Nuvola_apps_important.svg/27px-Nuvola_apps_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Nuvola_apps_important.svg/36px-Nuvola_apps_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Le informazioni riportate non sono consigli medici e potrebbero non essere accurate. I contenuti hanno solo fine illustrativo e non sostituiscono il parere medico: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Disclaimer_medico" title="Wikipedia:Disclaimer medico">leggi le avvertenze</a>.</span></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r130657691"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r139142988"> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/27px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/36px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="280" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: <b><a href="/wiki/Folgorazione" title="Folgorazione">Folgorazione</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Linea_Terna_T_23-F24A_Pilone_307_-_Targa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Linea_Terna_T_23-F24A_Pilone_307_-_Targa.jpg/220px-Linea_Terna_T_23-F24A_Pilone_307_-_Targa.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Linea_Terna_T_23-F24A_Pilone_307_-_Targa.jpg/330px-Linea_Terna_T_23-F24A_Pilone_307_-_Targa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Linea_Terna_T_23-F24A_Pilone_307_-_Targa.jpg/440px-Linea_Terna_T_23-F24A_Pilone_307_-_Targa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3968" data-file-height="2976" /></a><figcaption>Segnale di pericolo per la presenza di <a href="/wiki/Alta_tensione" title="Alta tensione">alta tensione</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Quando il corpo umano è attraversato da una forte <a href="/wiki/Corrente_elettrica" title="Corrente elettrica">corrente elettrica</a> per un certo lasso di tempo va incontro alla <a href="/wiki/Folgorazione" title="Folgorazione">folgorazione</a>, questo fenomeno può determinare numerose alterazioni e lesioni che possono essere temporanee o permanenti. I fenomeni principali che stabiliscono i limiti di pericolosità di una corrente, sono le <a href="/wiki/Contrazione_tetanica" title="Contrazione tetanica">contrazioni tetaniche</a>, l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Arresto_respiratorio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arresto respiratorio (la pagina non esiste)">arresto respiratorio</a>, la <a href="/wiki/Fibrillazione_ventricolare" title="Fibrillazione ventricolare">fibrillazione ventricolare</a> e le <a href="/wiki/Ustione" title="Ustione">ustioni</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dal punto di vista circuitale il corpo umano si comporta come un'<a href="/wiki/Impedenza" title="Impedenza">impedenza</a> <a href="/wiki/Condensatore_(elettrotecnica)" title="Condensatore (elettrotecnica)">capacitiva</a>, pertanto quando è soggetto a una tensione viene attraversato da un corrente elettrica.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Siccome la pelle agisce da <a href="/wiki/Isolante_elettrico" title="Isolante elettrico">isolante elettrico</a> tra il morsetto in tensione e i tessuti sottostanti, allora questa è caratterizzata da una certa capacità <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle C_{p}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>p</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle C_{p}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/6bc37470431fbf62081b69ba870ad3f855178361" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:2.721ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle C_{p}}"></span> a cui è posta in parallelo una resistenza <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle R_{p}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>p</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle R_{p}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f6650a6a5d41e666a0e83553ed13ec10e0d72845" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:2.823ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle R_{p}}"></span> dovuta ai pori della pelle, in serie alla capacità è poi presente la resistenza dei tessuti interni <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle R_{i}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle R_{i}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/db421291be9d0103404ced7495b363437b67b6b1" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.564ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle R_{i}}"></span> e infine lo strato di pelle in contatto con il morsetto di uscita, o il terreno. L'impedenza complessiva del corpo umano allora è:<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\bar {Z}}_{c}=R_{i}+{\frac {2R_{p}}{1+j\omega {C_{p}R_{p}}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi>Z</mi> <mo stretchy="false">¯</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>c</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>p</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mi>ω</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>p</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>p</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\bar {Z}}_{c}=R_{i}+{\frac {2R_{p}}{1+j\omega {C_{p}R_{p}}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4fb6dd7796ddfdb3c6459868d82658fbd85b8162" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.671ex; width:23.914ex; height:6.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\bar {Z}}_{c}=R_{i}+{\frac {2R_{p}}{1+j\omega {C_{p}R_{p}}}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Nel caso di corrente continua, o alla <a href="/wiki/Frequenza" title="Frequenza">frequenza</a> nominale di <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7006599584916000000♠"></span>50 <a href="/wiki/Hertz" title="Hertz">Hz</a></span> l'effetto della capacità diventa trascurabile, si parla allora della resistenza del corpo umano:<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle R_{c}=R_{i}+2R_{p}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>c</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>p</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle R_{c}=R_{i}+2R_{p}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e181e22c963c399983f72d1d45dd30fc17effbbe" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:15.196ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle R_{c}=R_{i}+2R_{p}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>In conseguenza della <a href="/wiki/Legge_di_Ohm" title="Legge di Ohm">legge di Ohm</a>, la corrente circolante attraverso l'impedenza rappresentata dal corpo è direttamente proporzionale alla tensione applicata. Di fatto però non c'è diretta proporzionalità tra la tensione applicata e la corrente che attraversa il corpo umano in quanto, tra gli altri parametri, l'impedenza del corpo umano dipende dalla tensione applicata. In particolare a una tensione superiore ai <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7002100000000000000♠"></span>100 <a href="/wiki/Volt" title="Volt">V</a></span> la pelle subisce una <a href="/wiki/Rottura_dielettrica" title="Rottura dielettrica">rottura dielettrica</a>, dal punto di vista circuitale è come se la capacità <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle C_{p}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>p</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle C_{p}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/6bc37470431fbf62081b69ba870ad3f855178361" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:2.721ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle C_{p}}"></span> venisse cortocircuitata pertanto la resistenza <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle R_{p}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>p</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle R_{p}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f6650a6a5d41e666a0e83553ed13ec10e0d72845" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:2.823ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle R_{p}}"></span> trovandosi in parallelo diventa trascurabile. La resistenza del corpo umano ha un valore nell'ordine dei chilo <a href="/wiki/Ohm" title="Ohm">ohm</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tensione_elettrica&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tensione_elettrica&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFTreccani_tensione" class="citation testo" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/tensione"><span style="font-style:italic;">Tensione</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Treccani.it – <a href="/wiki/Vocabolario_Treccani" title="Vocabolario Treccani">Vocabolario Treccani</a> on line</span>, Roma, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation cita" style="font-style:normal"><a href="#CITEREFChen">Chen</a>, p. 4</cite>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFTreccani_voltaggio" class="citation testo" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/voltaggio"><span style="font-style:italic;">Voltaggio</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Treccani.it – <a href="/wiki/Vocabolario_Treccani" title="Vocabolario Treccani">Vocabolario Treccani</a> on line</span>, Roma, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-1">b</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation cita" style="font-style:normal"><a href="#CITEREFMazzoldi,_Nigro,_Voci">Mazzoldi, Nigro, Voci</a>, p. 29</cite>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation cita" style="font-style:normal"><a href="#CITEREFMazzoldi,_Nigro,_Voci">Mazzoldi, Nigro, Voci</a>, p. 31</cite>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-6"><a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation cita" style="font-style:normal"><a href="#CITEREFMazzoldi,_Nigro,_Voci">Mazzoldi, Nigro, Voci</a>, p. 31</cite>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-eplus-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-eplus_7-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-eplus_7-1">b</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120725012914/http://www.elettricoplus.it/temi/Normativa_Elettrica/articoli/Tensione_nelle_tensioni.aspx"><span style="font-style:italic;">Tensione nelle tensioni - Articolo su ElettricoPlus.it</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">elettricoplus.it</span>. <small>URL consultato il 16 febbraio 2012</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://www.elettricoplus.it/temi/Normativa_Elettrica/articoli/Tensione_nelle_tensioni.aspx">url originale</abbr> il 25 luglio 2012)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.electroyou.it/vis_resource.php?section=ArtCorso&id=110">Valori nominali - ElectroYou</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation cita" style="font-style:normal"><a href="#CITEREFCarrescia">Carrescia</a>, p. 68</cite>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation cita" style="font-style:normal"><a href="#CITEREFCarrescia">Carrescia</a>, p. 88</cite>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation cita" style="font-style:normal"><a href="#CITEREFCarrescia">Carrescia</a>, p. 89</cite>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation cita" style="font-style:normal"><a href="#CITEREFCarrescia">Carrescia</a>, p. 90</cite>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation cita" style="font-style:normal"><a href="#CITEREFCarrescia">Carrescia</a>, p. 92</cite>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tensione_elettrica&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tensione_elettrica&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFCarrescia" class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Vito Carrescia, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.it/books/edition/_/2EW5oAEACAAJ?hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjTxeLNk6j4AhX-wQIHHUTGD1YQ8fIDegQIAxAo"><span style="font-style:italic;">Fondamenti di sicurezza elettrica</span></a>, Torino, TNE, settembre 2008 <abbr title="Data di edizione originale">[1984]</abbr>, <a href="/wiki/Servizio_bibliotecario_nazionale" title="Servizio bibliotecario nazionale">SBN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://opac.sbn.it/bid/PMI0002445">IT\ICCU\PMI\0002445</a>.</cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFChen" class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Wai-Kai Chen, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iqytechnicalcollege.com/The%20Electrical%20Engineering%20Handbook.pdf"><span style="font-style:italic;">The electrical engineering handbook</span></a> (<span style="font-weight: bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="documento in formato PDF">PDF</abbr></span>), Elsevier, 2004, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/0-12-170960-4" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/0-12-170960-4">0-12-170960-4</a>.</cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFChitarin,_Guarneri,_Gnesotto,_Maschio,_Stella,_2017" class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Giuseppe Chitarin, Massimo Guarnieri, Francesco Gnesotto, Alvise Maschio e Andrea Stella, <span style="font-style:italic;">Elettrotecnica 1 - Principi</span>, vol. 1, 1ª ed., Bologna, Società Editrice Esculapio, 2017, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-88-9385-050-6" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-88-9385-050-6">978-88-9385-050-6</a>.</cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFMazzoldi,_Nigro,_Voci" class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Paolo Mazzoldi, Massimo Nigro e Cesare Voci, <span style="font-style:italic;">Fisica. Elettromagnetismo - onde</span>, vol. 2, EdiSES Editore, 2001, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/88-7959-152-5" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/88-7959-152-5">88-7959-152-5</a>.</cite></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tensione_elettrica&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tensione_elettrica&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Circuito_elettrico" title="Circuito elettrico">Circuito elettrico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corrente_elettrica" title="Corrente elettrica">Corrente elettrica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corrente_indotta" class="mw-redirect" title="Corrente indotta">Corrente indotta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Differenza_di_potenziale" title="Differenza di potenziale">Differenza di potenziale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forza_elettromotrice" title="Forza elettromotrice">Forza elettromotrice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Generatore_di_tensione" title="Generatore di tensione">Generatore di tensione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Induzione_elettrica" title="Induzione elettrica">Induzione elettrica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legge_di_Ohm" title="Legge di Ohm">Legge di Ohm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regolatore_di_tensione" title="Regolatore di tensione">Regolatore di tensione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potenziale_elettrico" title="Potenziale elettrico">Potenziale elettrico</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tensione_elettrica&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tensione_elettrica&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; 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